Unit 5 Into the Unknown 词汇拓展短语背记（二）清单-2024-2025学年高中英语外研版选择性必修第四册

该高中英语知识清单聚焦UNIT 5“Into the unknown”单元，系统梳理72个核心词汇拓展短语，涵盖探索行动、未知领域、调查研究、海洋生态等主题范畴，构建从基础短语记忆到场景化语境应用的学习支架。 清单按主题功能分类呈现知识体系，如“set out”系列短语细分旅程开启、时间规划、目标探索等场景，每个短语配2个中英对照例句强化语境理解，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。特色设计“动词短语多宾语拓展”，如“throw oneself into”搭配work、study、volunteer work等，标注应用场景差异，帮助学生精准表达，教师可直接用于词汇教学或写作素材拓展，提升教学效率。

UNIT 5 Into the unknown.词汇拓展短语背记（二） 序号 短语或句型 意思 例句（中英对照） 1 set out on a journey 踏上旅程 1. They set out on a journey around the world with only a backpack.（他们只带一个背包，踏上了环球旅程。）2. My grandparents set out on a journey to their hometown last weekend.（上周末，我的祖父母踏上了回故乡的旅程。） 2 set out early in the morning 清晨动身 1. We need to set out early in the morning to avoid traffic jams on the highway.（我们需要清晨动身，避开高速公路上的交通拥堵。）2. The hikers set out early in the morning to reach the mountain top before noon.（徒步旅行者清晨动身，以便中午前抵达山顶。） 3 set out to explore the desert 动身去探索沙漠 1. The team of scientists set out to explore the desert in search of rare plants.（这支科学家团队动身去探索沙漠，寻找珍稀植物。）2. He has dreamed of setting out to explore the desert since he was a child.（他从小就梦想着动身去探索沙漠。） 4 uncharted areas 未标明区域 1. Early explorers often risked their lives to enter uncharted areas on the map.（早期探险家常冒着生命危险进入地图上的未标明区域。）2. The satellite image helped discover several uncharted areas in the remote forest.（卫星图像帮助发现了偏远森林中的多个未标明区域。） 5 uncharted seas 未知海域 1. Hundreds of years ago, sailors were afraid to sail into uncharted seas.（几百年前，水手们不敢驶入未知海域。）2. The documentary tells the story of a captain who sailed through uncharted seas to find new trade routes.（这部纪录片讲述了一位船长驶过未知海域寻找新航线的故事。） 6 explore uncharted lands 探索未标明的土地 1. The archaeologist decided to explore uncharted lands in the Amazon Basin.（这位考古学家决定去探索亚马逊盆地中未标明的土地。）2. It takes great courage to explore uncharted lands where no humans have been before.（探索人类从未涉足过的未标明土地需要极大的勇气。） 7 delve into history 探究历史 1. She spent months delving into ancient Chinese history to write her thesis.（她花了几个月时间探究中国古代史，以撰写论文。）2. The teacher encouraged students to delve into local history by visiting the city museum.（老师鼓励学生通过参观城市博物馆来探究地方历史。） 8 delve into a problem 深入研究问题 1. The engineer delved into the technical problem and found a solution within a week.（这位工程师深入研究技术问题，一周内就找到了解决方案。）2. We need to delve into the root cause of the problem instead of just dealing with the surface.（我们需要深入研究问题的根源，而不只是处理表面现象。） 9 delve into data 深入分析数据 1. The researcher delved into the survey data to find patterns in people’s spending habits.（这位研究者深入分析调查数据，寻找人们消费习惯的规律。）2. Students learned to delve into experimental data to support their conclusions in science class.（在科学课上，学生们学会了深入分析实验数据以支撑自己的结论。） 10 throw oneself into work 积极投入工作 1. After returning from vacation, she threw herself into work to catch up on missed tasks.（度假回来后，她积极投入工作，以赶上落下的任务。）2. The new employee threw himself into work and quickly won the recognition of his colleagues.（这位新员工积极投入工作，很快赢得了同事们的认可。） 11 throw oneself into study 全身心投入学习 1. He threw himself into study after failing the midterm exam, determined to improve his grades.（期中考试失利后，他全身心投入学习，决心提高成绩。）2. During the exam period, most students throw themselves into study from morning till night.（考试期间，大多数学生从早到晚全身心投入学习。） 12 throw oneself into volunteer work 积极参与志愿工作 1. She often throws herself into volunteer work at the community elderly home on weekends.（她周末经常积极参与社区养老院的志愿工作。）2. After the earthquake, many young people threw themselves into volunteer work to help the victims.（地震后，许多年轻人积极参与志愿工作，帮助受灾群众。） 13 think twice before deciding 做决定前再三考虑 1. You should think twice before deciding to drop out of school—education is very important.（做决定退学之前你应该再三考虑，教育非常重要。）2. He thought twice before deciding to accept the job offer, as it required moving to another city.（考虑到这份工作需要搬到另一个城市，他做决定接受前再三考虑。） 14 think twice about the plan 慎重考虑该计划 1. The manager asked the team to think twice about the plan, as it might cost too much.（经理让团队慎重考虑该计划，因为它可能耗资过高。）2. We need to think twice about the travel plan—recent weather reports say there will be heavy rain.（我们需要慎重考虑旅行计划，最近的天气预报说会有大雨。） 15 think twice before acting 行动前慎重思考 1. Always think twice before acting, especially when you are angry.（行动前一定要慎重思考，尤其是在你生气的时候。）2. The teacher told students to think twice before acting to avoid making unnecessary mistakes.（老师告诉学生们行动前要慎重思考，避免犯不必要的错误。） 16 shrink from difficulties 在困难面前退缩 1. A brave person never shrinks from difficulties—they face them head-on.（勇敢的人从不在困难面前退缩，他们会直面困难。）2. He shrank from difficulties at first, but with his friends’ encouragement, he finally overcame them.（起初他在困难面前退缩，但在朋友的鼓励下，他最终克服了困难。） 17 shrink back in fear 害怕地退缩 1. The little girl shrank back in fear when she saw the big dog.（看到那只大狗，小女孩害怕地退缩了。）2. He shrank back in fear when the thunder roared loudly outside the window.（窗外雷声大作时，他害怕地退缩了。） 18 shrink from responsibility 逃避责任 1. A responsible person will never shrink from responsibility, no matter how hard it is.（负责任的人无论多艰难，都绝不会逃避责任。）2. He was criticized by his boss for shrinking from responsibility when the project went wrong.（项目出问题时，他因逃避责任而受到了老板的批评。） 19 shrink from making decisions 不愿做决定 1. She often shrinks from making decisions, as she is afraid of choosing the wrong option.（她经常不愿做决定，因为害怕选到错误的选项。）2. The team leader can’t shrink from making decisions—we need a clear direction now.（团队 leader 不能不愿做决定，我们现在需要明确的方向。） 20 shrink from helping others 不愿帮助他人 1. We should encourage children to help others and not shrink from helping those in need.（我们应该鼓励孩子帮助他人，不应该不愿帮助有需要的人。）2. He was seen shrinking from helping the elderly cross the road, which made others feel disappointed.（有人看到他不愿帮助老人过马路，这让其他人感到失望。） 21 shrink from challenges 逃避挑战 1. Young people should embrace challenges instead of shrinking from them.（年轻人应该拥抱挑战，而不是逃避挑战。）2. She used to shrink from challenges, but joining the debate club helped her become more brave.（她以前常逃避挑战，但加入辩论社后，她变得更勇敢了。） 22 look into the accident 调查事故 1. The police arrived at the scene immediately to look into the car accident.（警方立即赶到现场调查这起车祸。）2. The company set up a special team to look into the accident that happened in the factory.（公司成立了专门小组，调查工厂发生的这起事故。） 23 look into the complaint 调查投诉 1. The customer service department promised to look into the complaint within 48 hours.（客服部门承诺在48小时内调查这起投诉。）2. We need to look into the customer’s complaint carefully to improve our service.（我们需要仔细调查客户的投诉，以改进我们的服务。） 24 look into the matter 调查此事 1. The principal said she would look into the matter of students skipping classes.（校长表示她会调查学生逃课这件事。）2. Please give us some time to look into the matter, and we will reply to you soon.（请给我们一些时间调查此事，我们会尽快回复您。） 25 conduct an investigation 进行调查 1. The research team will conduct an investigation on students’ mental health.（研究团队将对学生心理健康进行调查。）2. The government decided to conduct an investigation into the safety of the new food additive.（政府决定对这种新食品添加剂的安全性进行调查。） 26 police investigation 警方调查 1. The police investigation showed that the fire was caused by a short circuit.（警方调查表明，这场火灾是由短路引起的。）2. The suspect was released because the police investigation found no evidence against him.（由于警方调查未发现对嫌疑人不利的证据，他被释放了。） 27 detailed investigation 详细调查 1. A detailed investigation is needed to find out why the machine broke down repeatedly.（需要进行详细调查，找出这台机器反复故障的原因。）2. After a detailed investigation, the experts finally identified the source of the pollution.（经过详细调查，专家们最终确定了污染源头。） 28 ancient shipwreck 古代沉船 1. Divers discovered an ancient shipwreck with many valuable cultural relics in the sea.（潜水员在海里发现了一艘载有许多珍贵文物的古代沉船。）2. The museum展出了从古代沉船上打捞上来的瓷器。（The museum exhibited porcelain salvaged from an ancient shipwreck.） 29 discover a shipwreck 发现失事船只 1. A group of fishermen accidentally discovered a shipwreck while fishing at sea.（一群渔民在海上捕鱼时，意外发现了一艘失事船只。）2. Advanced sonar technology helped scientists discover a shipwreck that had been underwater for 300 years.（先进的声呐技术帮助科学家发现了一艘在水下沉睡了300年的失事船只。） 30 study the shipwreck 研究沉船 1. Archaeologists have been studying the shipwreck for two years to learn about ancient trade routes.（考古学家已经研究这艘沉船两年了，以了解古代的贸易路线。）2. The team used underwater robots to study the shipwreck without damaging its remains.（该团队使用水下机器人研究沉船，避免破坏其残骸。） 31 archaeological site 考古遗址 1. The government has taken measures to protect the archaeological site from being destroyed.（政府已采取措施保护这个考古遗址不被破坏。）2. We visited an archaeological site of the Han Dynasty during our school trip.（学校旅行期间，我们参观了一处汉代考古遗址。） 32 archaeological research 考古研究 1. Her major is archaeological research, and she plans to work in a museum after graduation.（她的专业是考古研究，毕业后计划在博物馆工作。）2. The university has a laboratory dedicated to archaeological research on ancient pottery.（这所大学有一个专门用于古代陶器考古研究的实验室。） 33 archaeological findings 考古发现 1. The archaeological findings in this area proved that humans lived here 5,000 years ago.（该地区的考古发现证明，5000年前就有人类在此居住。）2. The new archaeological findings were published in an international academic journal.（这些新的考古发现发表在一本国际学术期刊上。） 34 coral reef 珊瑚礁 1. Coral reefs are called “the rainforests of the sea” because they support rich marine life.（珊瑚礁被称为“海洋热带雨林”，因为它们孕育了丰富的海洋生物。）2. Pollution and global warming are serious threats to coral reefs around the world.（污染和全球变暖对全球的珊瑚礁构成了严重威胁。） 35 live coral 活珊瑚 1. Divers are not allowed to touch live coral, as it is very fragile.（潜水员不得触碰活珊瑚，因为它非常脆弱。）2. Scientists are studying how to protect live coral from bleaching caused by high temperatures.（科学家们正在研究如何保护活珊瑚免受高温导致的白化现象。） 36 protect coral 保护珊瑚 1. We can protect coral by reducing the use of plastic products that pollute the ocean.（我们可以通过减少使用污染海洋的塑料制品来保护珊瑚。）2. The local government launched a campaign to protect coral in the coastal area.（当地政府发起了一项保护沿海地区珊瑚的活动。） 37 a few millimetres 几毫米 1. The difference between the two products is only a few millimetres in size.（这两种产品的差别仅在尺寸上相差几毫米。）2. The snow on the ground is only a few millimetres thick, so it won’t affect traffic.（地上的雪只有几毫米厚，不会影响交通。） 38 thickness of 5 millimetres 5毫米厚 1. This sheet of glass has a thickness of 5 millimetres, which is strong enough for windows.（这块玻璃片有5毫米厚，足够坚固，适合做窗户。）2. The engineer required the metal plate to have a thickness of 5 millimetres to meet safety standards.（工程师要求这块金属板有5毫米厚，以符合安全标准。） 39 measure in millimetres 用毫米测量 1. We need to measure the small parts in millimetres to ensure they fit together.（我们需要用毫米测量这些小零件，确保它们能组装在一起。）2. The tailor measured the fabric in millimetres to make a precise dress.（裁缝用毫米测量布料，以制作一件合身的连衣裙。） 40 deep-sea barreleye 深海管眼鱼 1. Deep-sea barreleye have transparent heads, which is a unique adaptation to their dark habitat.（深海管眼鱼有透明的头部，这是它们对黑暗栖息地的独特适应。）2. Scientists first photographed a live deep-sea barreleye in 2004.（科学家在2004年首次拍摄到活的深海管眼鱼。） 41 discover a barreleye 发现管眼鱼 1. A team of marine biologists discovered a new species of barreleye during their expedition.（一支海洋生物学家团队在考察期间发现了一种新的管眼鱼物种。）2. It is very difficult to discover a barreleye because they live in the deep sea.（发现管眼鱼非常困难，因为它们生活在深海中。） 42 study the barreleye 研究管眼鱼 1. Researchers use special underwater equipment to study the barreleye’s behavior.（研究人员使用特殊的水下设备研究管眼鱼的行为。）2. The university set up a project to study the barreleye and its role in the deep-sea ecosystem.（该大学设立了一个项目，研究管眼鱼及其在深海生态系统中的作用。） 43 climb upwards 向上爬 1. The mountaineers climbed upwards slowly, as the air became thinner at higher altitudes.（登山者们缓慢向上爬，因为海拔越高，空气越稀薄。）2. The child climbed upwards along the ladder to reach the top shelf.（孩子沿着梯子向上爬，想要够到顶层的架子。） 44 rise upwards 向上上升 1. The sun rose upwards slowly from the horizon, painting the sky orange.（太阳从地平线缓慢向上上升，把天空染成了橙色。）2. The balloon rose upwards into the sky after being filled with hot air.（气球充满热空气后，向上上升到天空中。） 45 look upwards 向上看 1. She looked upwards and saw a flock of birds flying across the sky.（她向上看，看到一群鸟飞过天空。）2. The little boy looked upwards at his father, asking for a candy.（小男孩向上看着爸爸，想要一颗糖。） 46 deep-sea trench 深海海沟 1. The Mariana Trench is the deepest deep-sea trench in the world, reaching over 11,000 meters.（马里亚纳海沟是世界上最深的深海海沟，深度超过11000米。）2. Very few creatures can survive in the extreme environment of deep-sea trenches.（很少有生物能在深海海沟的极端环境中生存。） 47 explore the trench 探索海沟 1. The deep-sea submersible was used to explore the trench and collect samples.（这艘深海潜水器被用来探索海沟并收集样本。）2. It takes years of preparation to explore the trench, as it requires advanced technology.（探索海沟需要数年的准备，因为它需要先进的技术。） 48 trench ecosystem 海沟生态系统 1. Scientists are surprised by the diversity of life in the trench ecosystem.（科学家们对海沟生态系统中的生物多样性感到惊讶。）2. The study of the trench ecosystem helps us understand how life adapts to extreme conditions.（对海沟生态系统的研究帮助我们了解生命如何适应极端环境。） 49 equivalent to 100 yuan 相当于100元 1. The prize money for the competition is equivalent to 100 yuan, which can be used to buy books.（这场比赛的奖金相当于100元，可用于购买书籍。）2. One hour of exercise is equivalent to burning calories that are equivalent to 100 yuan worth of food.（一小时的运动相当于燃烧了价值100元食物的卡路里。） 50 equivalent amount 等额 1. The company donated an equivalent amount of money to two charity organizations.（该公司向两个慈善组织捐赠了等额的资金。）2. You can exchange the foreign currency for an equivalent amount of RMB at the bank.（你可以在银行将外币兑换成等额的人民币。） 51 equivalent value 等值 1. The old house and the new apartment have equivalent value, so we can choose either one.（这栋老房子和这套新公寓等值，所以我们可以任选其一。）2. The diamond has an equivalent value to a small car, according to the appraiser.（根据鉴定师的说法，这颗钻石的价值和一辆小汽车等值。） 52 stack books 摞书 1. She stacked the books neatly on the shelf after finishing her homework.（做完作业后，她把书整齐地摞在书架上。）2. Please stack the books by subject so that it’s easier to find them.（请按科目摞书，这样更容易查找。） 53 stack boxes 堆箱子 1. The workers stacked the boxes in the warehouse to save space.（工人们在仓库里堆箱子，以节省空间。）2. Be careful when stacking the boxes—don’t put heavy ones on top of light ones.（堆箱子时要小心，不要把重的放在轻的上面。） 54 Books stacked up on the desk. 书在桌上堆起来了。 1. After the semester ended, books stacked up on the desk, waiting to be sorted.（学期结束后，书在桌上堆起来了，等着被整理。）2. He was so busy that papers and books stacked up on his desk.（他太忙了，文件和书在桌上堆起来了。） 55 Furthermore, we need to prepare materials. 此外，我们需要准备材料。 1. We need to finish the design first; furthermore, we need to prepare materials for production.（我们首先需要完成设计；此外，我们需要准备生产材料。）2. The plan is practical; furthermore, we need to prepare materials to support its implementation.（这个计划很实用；此外，我们需要准备材料来支持它的实施。） 56 It’s cheap. Furthermore, it’s durable. 它很便宜，而且很耐用。 1. This brand of notebook is cheap; furthermore, it’s durable, so it’s popular among students.（这个品牌的笔记本很便宜，而且很耐用，所以在学生中很受欢迎。）2. The new backpack is cheap; furthermore, it’s durable enough to hold many books.（这个新背包很便宜，而且足够耐用，能装很多书。） 57 Furthermore, it saves a lot of time. 不仅如此，这还节省很多时间。 1. This new software is easy to use; furthermore, it saves a lot of time.（这款新软件很容易使用；不仅如此，它还节省很多时间。）2. Online shopping is convenient; furthermore, it saves a lot of time compared to going to the mall.（网购很方便；不仅如此，和去商场相比，它还节省很多时间。） 58 notable achievements 显著成就 1. The scientist has made notable achievements in the field of renewable energy.（这位科学家在可再生能源领域取得了显著成就。）2. Our school has made notable achievements in improving students’ English skills.（我们学校在提高学生英语水平方面取得了显著成就。） 59 notable figure 显要人物 1. Confucius is a notable figure in Chinese history and culture.（孔子是中国历史文化中的显要人物。）2. The meeting invited notable figures from the fields of science and education.（这次会议邀请了科技和教育领域的显要人物。） 60 notable changes 值得注意的变化 1. There have been notable changes in the city’s traffic since the new subway line opened.（新地铁线路开通后，这座城市的交通发生了值得注意的变化。）2. The teacher noticed notable changes in the student’s attitude towards study.（老师注意到这个学生对学习的态度发生了值得注意的变化。） 61 chemical substance 化学物质 1. This cleaning product contains harmful chemical substances, so keep it away from children.（这款清洁产品含有有害化学物质，请放在儿童接触不到的地方。）2. We learned about different chemical substances and their properties in chemistry class.（我们在化学课上学过不同的化学物质及其性质。） 62 harmful substance 有害物质 1. The factory was fined for releasing harmful substances into the river.（这家工厂因向河流排放有害物质而被罚款。）2. The food safety test found no harmful substances in the vegetables.（食品安全检测未在这些蔬菜中发现有害物质。） 63 unknown substance 未知物质 1. Scientists are studying the unknown substance found in the deep-sea sediment.（科学家们正在研究在深海沉积物中发现的未知物质。）2. The lab technician wore gloves when handling the unknown substance to avoid danger.（实验室技术人员处理未知物质时戴了手套，以防危险。） 64 ancient vessel 古代船只 1. The ancient vessel was made of wood and used for trade between coastal cities.（这艘古代船只由木头制成，用于沿海城市之间的贸易。）2. Archaeologists found an ancient vessel with intact pottery inside.（考古学家发现了一艘古代船只，里面装有完好的陶器。） 65 cargo vessel 货船 1. The cargo vessel carried thousands of tons of grain from China to Africa.（这艘货船从中国向非洲运送了数千吨粮食。）2. The cargo vessel was delayed due to bad weather in the ocean.（由于海上天气恶劣，这艘货船延误了。） 66 sailing vessel 帆船 1. In the 19th century, sailing vessels were the main means of long-distance sea travel.（19世纪时，帆船是长途海上旅行的主要工具。）2. He spent his summer vacation learning to sail a small sailing vessel.（他暑假期间学习驾驶一艘小帆船。） 67 oil drilling 石油钻探 1. Oil drilling in the ocean may cause pollution to marine ecosystems.（海洋中的石油钻探可能会对海洋生态系统造成污染。）2. The country has developed advanced technology for oil drilling in deep water.（这个国家已经研发出用于深水石油钻探的先进技术。） 68 drilling work 钻探工作 1. The drilling work in the desert will last for three months to find underground water.（沙漠中的钻探工作将持续三个月，以寻找地下水。）2. Workers wear protective clothing during drilling work to ensure their safety.（工人们在钻探工作期间穿着防护服，以确保安全。） 69 underwater drilling 水下勘探 1. Underwater drilling is more difficult than land drilling because of the high pressure.（由于压力大，水下勘探比陆地钻探更困难。）2. The company invested a lot of money in underwater drilling to explore oil resources.（该公司在水下勘探上投入了大量资金，以勘探石油资源。） 70 Vol. 1 第一卷 1. I have read Vol. 1 of this history book, and I plan to buy Vol. 2 next month.（我已经读完了这本历史书的第一卷，计划下个月买第二卷。）2. The novel’s Vol. 1 was published last year, and it became a bestseller soon.（这本小说的第一卷去年出版，很快就成了畅销书。） 71 the third volume 第三册 1. The third volume of the textbook covers advanced knowledge of physics.（这本教材的第三册涵盖了物理学的高级知识。）2. She spent a week reading the third volume of the series and couldn’t put it down.（她花了一周时间读完了这个系列的第三册，爱不释手。） 72 a book in three volumes 分为三卷的书 1. “The History of Chinese Literature” is a book in three volumes, written by a famous scholar.（《中国文学史》是一本分为三卷的书，由一位著名学者撰写。）2. My father gave me a book in three volumes as a birthday gift, which introduces world geography.（爸爸送了我一套分为三卷的书作为生日礼物，内容是介绍世界地理。） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $