考前押题02 阅读理解6大常考话题（期中专项训练）高二英语上学期北师大版

专题02 阅读理解6大常考话题 话题1 环境与保护 Passage 1-6 话题2 做人与做事 Passage 7-12 话题3 生活与学习 Passage 13-17 话题4 文学与艺术 Passage 18-24 话题5 科学与技术 Passage 25-30 话题6运动与健康 Passage 31-35 话题1 环境与保护 Passage 1 （21-22高二下·广西河池·阶段练习）Sea life near Turkey is being threatened by a layer of brown foam on the ocean s surface. The actual name for the foam is mucilage (黏液). Scientists first noticed and described mucilage in 2007, when it was found near Turkey. Then, it was also found in other parts of the Aegean Sea, near Greece. This year’s outbreak of mucilage is the worst ever recorded. It’s been developing for seven months and is now covering large parts of the Sea of Marmara. The Sea of Marmara is an “inland sea”, surrounded by land belonging to Turkey, and connected to the Aegean Sea and the Black Sea. There are many different kinds of algae (海藻), and it’s natural and normal for algae to grow in the ocean or in other bodies of water. But when there is lots of food for the algae, and other conditions are just right, there can be “an algae bloom” which results in algae growing quickly and in huge numbers And in very bad situations, mucilage is the result. There are two main causes for the present outbreak of mucilage. One is the heavy pollution sewage, fertilizers, and other chemicals- flowing into the Sea of Marmara. The second cause is higher water temperatures because of climate change. The mucilage causes problems in lots of different ways. For one thing, by covering the ocean’s surface, it stops sunlight from reaching all the sea life below. “This mucilage is now covering the sea surface like a tent canvas,” says Muharrem Balci, who teaches biology at Istanbul University. Because there is so much algae, it takes up lots of oxygen from the seawater. That means that there’s very little oxygen left for the other sea creatures that depend on it. The BBC reports that divers in the area are seeing large numbers of dying fish. After a while, the mucilage falls to the bottom of the ocean, where it covers the sea floor threatening to poison creatures that live there, like crabs and mussels. This year, the mucilage has been found as deep as 30 meters below the surface. 1．What do we know about mucilage? A．It generally doesn’t last long. B．It had never existed before 2007. C．It is mainly formed in inland seas. D．It was first noticed near Turkey. 2．What does the underlined part “an algae bloom” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．A good harvest of algae. B．The increasing use of algae. C．The explosive growth of algae. D．A continuing popularity of algae. 3．What can be inferred about mucilage from the last paragraph? A．It can greatly threaten sea life. B．It has drawn attention worldwide. C．It will lead to food shortages for humans. D．It benefits some sea creatures but harms others. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．New kinds of algae are found in Turkey B．Turkey’s coastal waters are covered with mucilage C．Marmara has seen an increase in water temperatures D．Endangered sea creatures in Marmara have been protected 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。由于污染和全球气候变暖的缘故，马尔马拉海的海藻大量繁殖，形成了很多的海洋黏液。文章主要介绍了粘液产生和爆发的原因，以及带来的严重危害等。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Scientists first noticed and described mucilage in 2007, when it was found near Turkey（科学家们第一次注意到并描述粘液是在2007年，当时它在土耳其附近被发现。）”可知，这种黏液最初是在土耳其附近被发现的（It was first noticed near Turkey.）。故选D项。 2．词句猜测题。根据第四段画线词后的“which results in algae growing quickly and in huge numbers（导致藻类大量快速生长）”可知，当海藻的养分充足，其它条件也正合适时，海藻会大量繁殖，过度生长（The explosive growth of algae.）。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段第一二句“The mucilage causes problems in lots of different ways.For one thing, by covering the ocean’s surface, it stops sunlight from reaching all the sea life below.（黏液在很多方面都造成了问题。首先，它覆盖了海洋表面，阻止阳光照射到下面所有的海洋生物。）”以及 第二句“That means that there’s very little oxygen left for the other sea creatures that depend on it.（这意味着其他依赖氧气生存的海洋生物所剩的氧气非常少。）”可知，这种海洋黏液对海洋生物的危害极大（It can greatly threaten sea life.）。故选A项。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章第一句“Sea life near Turkey is being threatened by a layer of brown foam on the ocean s surface.（土耳其附近的海洋生物正受到海面上一层棕色泡沫的威胁。）”结合全文，可知本文主要报道了土耳其海域海藻大量繁殖，形成了很多海洋黏液，给海洋生物造成了威胁，所以B项Turkey’s coastal waters are covered with mucilage（土耳其的沿海水域覆盖着粘液）作为标题最合适。故选B项。 Passage 2 More than 100 million hectares of healthy and productive land was lost every year between 2015 and 2019, according to new data released by the UN this month, which shows land degradation is accelerating (加速) across all regions of the world. Barron Joseph Orr, chief scientist at the UNCCD, says governments must put a stop on land conversion (转变) in order to meet global land targets. In 2022, 196 countries together committed to restoring 1 billion hectares of land by 2030. “But the reality is that these numbers are suggesting that we will have to go full-bore on those one billion hectares of commitments and stop land conversion,” he says. “On one side, the numbers are telling us we’re going in the wrong direction,” Orr tells SciDev. Net, “On the other, there are also numbers that suggest that we can turn this. But it will mean a need to translate the commitments into actions on the ground,” he adds. Multiple factors lead to land degradation, but mismanagement or over-exploitation (开发) of land is a major contributor as growing demand for food, fuel and so on. Consumption is the underlying driver behind much of what we see in the landscape, Orr explains. “The clothes we are wearing today are probably contributing to land degradation somewhere else,” he says. “Eastern and Central Asia regions are experiencing the most severe degradation,” says Orr, “while Sub-Saharan Africa, Western and Southern Asia also experienced land degradation at rates faster than the global average.” Globally, up to 40 percent of land is now degraded, according to the UNCCD．However, it says the data reveals some encouraging “bright spots”. Investments from the Global Environment Facility, the Green Fund, and a number of banks have started to turn global commitments into action. Africa’s Great Green Wall — an initiative to increase the amount of farmable lan — -aims to restore 100 million hectares of degraded land by 2030. Similar initiatives are underway in Southern Africa. “So, the train is in the right direction,” says Orr. “But now I’m going to speak frankly: it is not enough... We need to accelerate that translation of commitments into action.” 1．What does the underlined phrase “go full-bore” in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．Make slow progress. B．Invest carefully. C．Act with full effort. D．Reduce expenses. 2．What is the main cause of land degradation according to Orr? A．Natural disasters in Asia. B．Expansion of rural roads. C．Misuse and overuse of land. D．Lack of international cooperation. 3．What is Orr’s attitude toward the current global efforts to restore land? A．Critical. B．Dissatisfied. C．Indifferent. D．Guarded. 4．What is the main idea of the text? A．International aid has failed to restore farmland. B．Environmental damage in Asia is beyond repair. C．Technology offers a perfect solution to land issues. D．Global land degradation is worsening but can be restored. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明全球土地退化加速但可通过行动修复。 1．词句猜测题。根据第一段“More than 100 million hectares of healthy and productive land was lost every year between 2015 and 2019, according to new data released by the UN this month, which shows land degradation is accelerating (加速) across all regions of the world. Barron Joseph Orr, chief scientist at the UNCCD, says governments must put a stop on land conversion (转变) in order to meet global land targets. (联合国本月发布的新数据显示，2015年至2019年间，全球每年有超过1亿公顷健康且肥沃的土地流失，所有地区的土地退化均呈加速趋势。联合国防治荒漠化公约（UNCCD）首席科学家巴伦・约瑟夫・奥尔（Barron Joseph Orr）表示，各国政府必须停止土地用途转变，以实现全球土地保护目标)”和第二段中“In 2022, 196 countries together committed to restoring 1 billion hectares of land by 2030. “But the reality is that these numbers are suggesting that we will have to go full-bore on those one billion hectares of commitments and stop land conversion,” he says. (2022 年，196个国家共同承诺在2030年前修复10亿公顷土地。“但现实是，这些数据表明我们必须go full-bore这10亿公顷的承诺，并停止土地转用，” 他说)”可知，2015-1019年间每年有超过1亿公顷的土地退化，要在2030年前修复10亿公顷的土地必须全力以赴，因此猜测，go full-bore意为“全力以赴地行动”。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Multiple factors lead to land degradation, but mismanagement or over-exploitation (开发) of land is a major contributor as growing demand for food, fuel and so on. (导致土地退化的因素众多，但土地管理不善或过度开发是主要原因——这源于对粮食、燃料等日益增长的需求)”可知，土地退化的主要原因是不当使用和过度开发。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But now I’m going to speak frankly: it is not enough... We need to accelerate that translation of commitments into action. (但现在我要坦率地说：这还不够……我们需要加快将承诺转化为行动的速度)”可知，Orr认为当前努力不足，态度是“不满意的”。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“More than 100 million hectares of healthy and productive land was lost every year between 2015 and 2019, according to new data released by the UN this month, which shows land degradation is accelerating (加速) across all regions of the world. Barron Joseph Orr, chief scientist at the UNCCD, says governments must put a stop on land conversion (转变) in order to meet global land targets. (联合国本月发布的新数据显示，2015年至2019年间，全球每年有超过1亿公顷健康且肥沃的土地流失，所有地区的土地退化均呈加速趋势。联合国防治荒漠化公约（UNCCD）首席科学家巴伦・约瑟夫・奥尔（Barron Joseph Orr）表示，各国政府必须停止土地用途转变，以实现全球土地保护目标)”和倒数第二段“Globally, up to 40 percent of land is now degraded, according to the UNCCD. However, it says the data reveals some encouraging “bright spots”. Investments from the Global Environment Facility, the Green Fund, and a number of banks have started to turn global commitments into action. Africa’s Great Green Wall — an initiative to increase the amount of farmable land-aims to restore 100 million hectares of degraded land by 2030. Similar initiatives are underway in Southern Africa. (据联合国防治荒漠化公约组织称，全球目前有多达40%的土地已退化。然而，数据也揭示了一些令人鼓舞的“亮点”：全球环境基金、绿色基金和多家银行的投资已开始将全球承诺转化为行动。非洲的“绿色长城”计划——一项旨在增加可耕地数量的倡议——目标是到2030年修复1亿公顷退化土地。类似的计划也在南部非洲展开)”可知，文章开篇指出土地退化正在加速，但后文提到数据显示了一些令人鼓舞的“亮点”，如非洲绿色长城等计划，说明退化虽严峻但可修复。故选D。 Passage 3 As you're packing up your Christmas decorations, you might be wondering which type of tree is actually better for the environment; a real one or a synthetic (合成的) one made out of plastic? While the answer isn't as simple as you might think, one has slight advantages over the other. Obviously, trees are good for the environment as they capture CO2, and store it inside of their branches, needles, and also roots. Christmas trees are the same. Christmas tree farming could actually have environmental benefits that you might not have thought of. It takes 10 years for Christmas trees to grow up to 6 feet. Over this decade, the trees house animals and also absorb CO from the atmosphere. However, the way Christmas trees are planted can be difficult, especially when pesticides are used a lot and taking into consideration the fact that natural ecosystems (生态系统) are cleared out in order to make room for Christmas tree plantations. If you prefer to have a real tree, you'd better find a local source in order to avoid shipping, which causes more carbon emissions (排放) . It's also really important to deal with them properly. If trees end up in landfills, they will have a negative environmental impact. The best way to deal with them is to cut them up and recycle them as wood chippings (木屑) . So what about those synthetic trees? Of course, they can be used again and again year after year, but their major disadvantage is that they are typically made of PVC, which happens to be one of the most damaging plastics. It can also produce poisonous pollution, end up in animals' bodies and even affect all up and down the food chain. It is also quite difficult to recycle. So who's the winner? It seems that getting a real tree is surprisingly the better deal for the environment. Meanwhile, make sure you deal with it properly once the holiday season is over. 1．What can we know about real Christmas trees from the text? A．They are very difficult to find. B．They can be recycled year after year. C．They are damaged by too many pests D．They have more positive environmental impacts. 2．What should you do if you prefer to have a real tree? A．Pack it up when shipping. B．Deal with it correctly. C．Make it end up in the landfills. D．Find a reliable source to get one. 3．What's the author's attitude to synthetic trees? A．Favorable. B．Satisfied. C．Objective. D．Sensitive. 4．Why does the author write this text? A．To give ways of Christmas trees planting. B．To tell how to protect natural ecosystems. C．To offer suggestions on how to decorate Christmas trees. D．To show which Christmas tree is more environmentally-friendly. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讨论了圣诞树对环境的影响，比较了真实圣诞树和合成圣诞树的优缺点，并给出了一些建议。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Christmas tree farming could actually have environmental benefits that you might not have thought of. It takes 10 years for Christmas trees to grow up to 6 feet. Over this decade, the trees house animals and also absorb CO from the atmosphere(圣诞树种植实际上可能有一些你没有想到的环境效益。圣诞树需要10年的时间才能长到6英尺。在这十年里，树木为动物提供栖息地，同时也从大气中吸收二氧化碳)”可知，真实的圣诞树对环境有积极的影响。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“If you prefer to have a real tree, you'd better find a local source in order to avoid shipping, which causes more carbon emissions (排放) . It's also really important to deal with them properly. If trees end up in landfills, they will have a negative environmental impact. The best way to deal with them is to cut them up and recycle them as wood chippings (木屑) (如果你喜欢真实的树，你最好找一个本地的来源，以避免运输，这会导致更多的碳排放。正确处理它们也非常重要。如果树木最终被填埋，它们将对环境产生负面影响。处理它们的最佳方法是将它们切碎并作为木屑回收)”可知，如果你喜欢真实的树，你应该正确处理它。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“So what about those synthetic trees? Of course, they can be used again and again year after year, but their major disadvantage is that they are typically made of PVC, which happens to be one of the most damaging plastics. It can also produce poisonous pollution, end up in animals' bodies and even affect all up and down the food chain. It is also quite difficult to recycle(那么那些合成树呢？当然，它们可以年复一年地被反复使用，但它们的主要缺点是它们通常由PVC制成，这恰好是最具破坏性的塑料之一。它还可能产生有毒污染，最终进入动物体内，甚至影响整个食物链。它的回收也相当困难)”可知，作者客观地描述了合成树的优缺点，没有表现出明显的偏好或不满。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“As you're packing up your Christmas decorations, you might be wondering which type of tree is actually better for the environment; a real one or a synthetic (合成的) one made out of plastic? While the answer isn't as simple as you might think, one has slight advantages over the other.(当你收拾圣诞装饰品时，你可能会想知道哪种树对环境实际上更好；是真的还是塑料制成的合成树？虽然答案并不像你想象的那么简单，但其中一种比另一种略有优势)”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是展示哪种圣诞树更环保。故选D项。 Passage 4 Fikiri Kiponda’s path from accountant to marine (海洋的) conservationist was sparked by a chance encounter. After securing his dream job, Kiponda decided he wanted more. He wasn’t quite sure what he was looking for until he ran across some turtle hatchlings. He didn’t know it was turtle. Fortunately enough he got the right person to ask and he got motivated. That person was Nkindi, a staff member at the Watamu Conservation project who later invited him to volunteer on the project. He later left his accounting job and fully devoted himself into the world of sea turtles. Now, he runs and spends his time nursing critically endangered sea turtles back to health. Sea turtles have been around for nearly 110 million years and are now considered highly endangered. Their preservation rests on activities of conservationists such as Kiponda as these turtles face numerous threats and signs of their extinction in the next 50 years. Local fishermen traditionally catch them to supplement their own low catch rates and sell them for their oil. As changes are made to accommodate more hotels for tourists, there is less available beach land for turtle nesting. Kiponda’s passion has now spread to his community, changing their attitude towards sea life preservation with his “by-catch release programme.” Through this program, fishermen are now paid for returning turtles accidentally caught in their fishing nets. The healthy ones are tagged and released into the marine park while he takes care of sick and injured turtles back to health. Before the launch of pioneering spirit like this, turtles caught by fishermen were used for their meat and their oil extracted (提炼) for its medicinal properties. “Releasing the turtle back into the ocean is a very good feeling, like, you feel like you’ve done something concrete and I guess everybody would love to do that...so I guess it’s unique work.” 1．What was Fikiri Kiponda’s dream job according to the text? A．An accountant. B．A marine conservationist. C．A guide to the Watamu Conservation Project. D．An advocate for turtles. 2．What may be the main threat to the turtles? A．The rising sea level. B．Being caught by tourists. C．Overdevelopment in the tourism. D．The reduction in their nesting place. 3．Which of the following words can best describe Fikiri Kiponda? A．Energetic but conservative. B．Enthusiastic and caring. C．Arbitrary but considerate. D．Ambitious and knowledgeable. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．The man saving endangered sea turtles. B．An unique job of protecting sea turtles. C．A pioneer project protecting sea animals. D．The current situation faced by sea turtles. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了Fikiri Kiponda从一名会计到一位投身于拯救濒临灭绝的海龟的海洋自然资源保护者的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Fikiri Kiponda’s path from accountant to marine (海洋的) conservationist was sparked by a chance encounter. After securing his dream job, Kiponda decided he wanted more.(Fikiri Kiponda 从会计师到海洋保护主义者的道路是由一次偶然的邂逅引发的。在获得了他梦寐以求的工作之后，Kiponda决定他想要更多。)”可知，Fikiri Kiponda起初梦想是成为一名会计，并实现了自己的梦想。但一次偶然的机会，他又成为一名海洋自然资源保护者。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“As changes are made to accommodate more hotels for tourists, there is less available beach land for turtle nesting.(随着为旅游者提供更多旅馆的变化，可用于海龟筑巢的海滩土地越来越少。)”可知，海龟筑巢的滩涂越来越少，这成为海龟的主要威胁，故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“He later left his accounting job and fully devoted himself into the world of sea turtles. Now, he runs and spends his time nursing critically endangered sea turtles back to health.( 后来，他辞去了会计工作，全身心地投入到海龟的世界中。现在，他跑步，花时间护理极危物种海龟恢复健康。)”可知，他离开会计工作并全身心的投入到海龟的世界，从而推断出他是一位具有工作热情并富有同情心的人。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了Fikiri Kiponda从一名会计到一位投身于拯救濒临灭绝的海龟的海洋自然资源保护者的故事。A项“ 拯救濒危海龟的人。”适合做文章标题，故选A。 Passage 5 The results of failing to keep the world’s temperature down are beginning to show.Extreme weather events are likely to become more frequent, and the world’s peoples and their governments are being urged to do more to handle climate change. Ma Jun, director of the Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs, an environmental group in Beijing, said the consensus among scientists now is that “climate change has resulted in an increase in extreme weather events across the globe, including temperature extremes, heavy rains, river floods, droughts, storms, as well as compound events”. Over the past few years heat waves have occurred in places that had previously enjoyed mild weather, higher temperatures have occurred in normally colder regions, and places that are hot are now frequently enduring wildfires, he said, citing a report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) that includes a whole chapter on weather extremes. The IPCC AR6 Synthesis Report said it is an“established fact”that human-caused greenhouse gas emissions have led to an increased frequency of some weather and climate extremes since preindustrial times. The global surface temperature is now about 1.09C higher than in the preindustrial period(1850-1900), with stronger warming over land (1.59 C) than over oceans. Extreme weather events have continued to hit the glebe this year and have killed many people, disrupted (扰乱) the lives of millions and disrupted production. In Europe, after a summer of extremely high temperatures, violent thunderstorms and hurricane-force winds have hit the continent, leaving at least 13 people dead in Austria, France and Italy by Friday, authorities said. The Netherlands is one of many European countries that have suffered drought this summer, bringing water shortages in the low-lying country as inland rivers and lakes have fallen to historically low levels. 1．What is the consensus among scientist? A．Increased extreme weather events resulted from climate change. B．There will be more extreme weather events in the near future. C．The government are to blame for the increased extreme weather. D．The government should reach a consensus on climate change. 2．What can we conclude from the third paragraph? A．People in tropical areas will have to endure more wildfires. B．Places enjoying mild weather will always have heat waves. C．Cold regions normally have experienced higher temperatures. D．The IPCC report places great emphasis on weather extremes. 3．How do you understand“an established fact”mentioned by the IPCC? A．It means the fact has to be proved through experiments. B．It means the fact has been agreed on commonly by scientists. C．The fact is that green gas is to blame for more extreme events. D．Scientists have to establish the fact by doing more experiments. 4．What might be the best title of the article? A．An SOS Goes out as Globe Burns and Drowns B．More Disasters will Happen around the World C．The Global Surface Temperature is Higher than Ever D．Governments are being Urged to Do More 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述的是极端高温、暴雨、河流洪水、干旱、风暴等极端天气变得越来越频繁，地球正在遭受淹没和燃烧，由此呼吁世界各国人民采取更多的措施来应对气候变化。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“the consensus among scientists now is that“climate change has resulted in an increase in extreme weather events across the globe, including temperature extremes, heavy rains, river floods, droughts, storms, as well as compound events”(科学家们现在的共识是，“气候变化导致全球极端天气事件的增加，包括极端温度、暴雨、河流洪水、干旱、风暴，以及复合事件。”)”可知，科学家们的共识是极端天气事件增多是气候变化造成的。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“he said, citing a report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) that includes a whole chapter on weather extremes.( 他引用了IPCC的一份报告，其中有一整章都是关于极端天气的。)”可知，IPCC的这份报告中专门有一章论述有关“极端天气”的内容，故IPCC的报告非常强调极端天气。故选D。 3．词义意猜测题。根据第四段中“The IPCC AR6 Synthesis Report said (IPCC AR6综合报告说)”可知，后面的内容为报告中陈述的内容，同时根据an “established fact”后面的内容“that human-caused greenhouse gas emissions have led to an increased frequency of some weather and climate extremes since preindustrial times.(自前工业化时代以来，人为造成的温室气体排放已经导致一些极端天气和气候的频率增加。)”可知，该项事实的内容是报告中陈述的内容，故可以推断an “established fact”表示“既定的事实”即意味着这一事实已被科学家们普遍认同。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Extreme weather events are likely to become more frequent, and the world’s peoples and their governments are being urged to do more to handle climate change.(极端天气事件可能会变得更加频繁，世界各国人民及其政府被敦促采取更多措施应对气候变化。)”可知，本文主要讲述的是极端天气变得越来越频繁，世界各国人民采取更多的措施来应对气候变化。同时根据第二段中“the consensus among scientists now is that“climate change has resulted in an increase in extreme weather events across the globe, including temperature extremes, heavy rains, river floods, droughts, storms, as well as compound events”(科学家们现在的共识是，“气候变化导致全球极端天气事件的增加，包括极端温度、暴雨、河流洪水、干旱、风暴，以及复合事件。”)”以及通读全文，这些极端天气具体体现在极端温度、暴雨、河流洪水、干旱、风暴，以及复合事件即整个地球在不断地遭受燃烧和淹没等极端天气，从而向全世界人们发出求救信号，敦促各国人民采取更多措施应对气候变化。故A选项“An SOS Goes out as Globe Burns and Drowns(随着地球的燃烧和淹没，SOS信号发出)”符合文章的标题。故选A。 Passage 6 A young man wandered through the desert for forty until he reached a beautiful castle at the top of a mountain. There lived the sage that he was looking for. With considerable patience, the sage listened attentively to the reason for the boy’s visit, but told him that at that moment he did not have time to explain to him the secret of happiness. He suggested that the young man take a walk around his palace and come back in two hours’ time. “However, I want to ask you a favor,” he added, handing the boy a teaspoon, in which he poured two drops of oil. “While you walk, carry this spoon and don’t let the oil spill.” The young man began to climb up and down the palace staircases, always keeping his eyes fixed on the spoon. At the end of two hours he returned to the presence of the wise man. “So,” asked the sage, “did you see the Persian tapestries hanging in my dining room? Did you see the fantastic garden that the Master of Gardeners spent ten years in creating?” Embarrassed, the young man admitted that he had seen nothing. “So, go back and see the wonders of my world,” said the wise man. “You can’t trust a man if you don’t know his house.” Now more at ease, the young man took the spoon and wandered again through the palace, this time paying attention to all the works of art that hung from the ceilings and walls. He saw the gardens, the mountains all around the palace, and the delicacy of the flowers. Returning to the sage, he reported in detail what he had seen. “But where are the two drops of oil that I entrusted to you?” asked the Sage. Looking down at the spoon, the young man realized that he had spilled the oil. “Well, that is the only advice I have to give you,’’ said the sage of sages. “The secret of happiness lies in looking at all the wonders of the world and never forgetting the two drops of oil in the spoon.” 1．What was the intention of the young man to travel to look for the sage? A．To appreciate the most beautiful scenery along the way B．To learn the secret of happiness from the wisest man C．To figure out whether the sage was knowledgeable or not D．To experience adventures of the outside world 2．Which of the following statements is wrong? A．The sage listened to the young man with patience. B．During his second round of wandering, the young man appreciated the wonders of the castle. C．The young man made it as the sage had expected. D．The young man was too concerned about the oil when he first went around the castle. 3．Why did the sage ask the young man to go around his castle with a spoon of two drops of oil? A．Because he wanted to help the young man to uncover the secret of happiness in an indirect way B．Because he intended to let the young man know that happiness came at a price C．Because he wanted to let the young man trust him D．Because he wanted to find out whether the young man was perseverant in accomplishing his goals 4．What can we learn from the story? A．We can t trust a man unless we get familiar with his house. B．It’s not easy to keep balance between enjoyment and commitment. C．The search for the secret of happiness demands our devotion. D．Real happiness consists in enjoying our rights and meanwhile fulfilling our duties. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【分析】这篇文章通过讲述一位寻找快乐秘密的年轻人和圣人之间的故事，告诉我们这样一个道理，真正的快乐在于享受我们权利的同时也要履行我们的责任。 1．细节理解题。由第二段With considerable patience, the sage listened attentively to the reason for the boy’s visit, but told him that at that moment he did not have time to explain to him the secret of happiness. 可知，这位年轻人拜访这位圣人的目的是想要从圣人那里学习快乐的秘密，选B。 2．推理判断题。这位年轻人第一次出去，保证两滴油没有洒，但是却没有观看到美丽的风景，而他第二次出去，虽然看到了美丽的风景，两滴油却洒掉了，所以并不是这位圣人所期待的，所以C选项的表述错误。 3．推理判断题。由最后一段“Well, that is the only advice I have to give you,’’ said the sage of sages. “The secret of happiness lies in looking at all the wonders of the world and never forgetting the two drops of oil in the spoon.” 可知，这位圣人让这位年轻人带着一个装着两滴油的勺子，在他的城堡四处走动，是想以一种间接的方式帮助这个年轻人发现快乐的秘密，选A。 4．推理判断题。这位圣人说，快乐的秘密在于看世界奇观的同时，也不要忘记勺子里的这两滴油，暗含的意思是，真正的快乐在于，享受我们权利的同时，也要履行我们的责任，选D。 话题2 做人与做事 Passage 7 （22-23高一下·河南·期中）“Can we look at the school supplies while we’re here?” my daughter, Julia, asked during a trip to the store. My favorite school-supply item is the daily planner because I struggle with organization. I always dream that the perfect planner will somehow cure me of my delay and turn my life into a paradise (乐园) of order and productivity. The list of habits I wanted to develop was long. Exercising regularly. Drinking more water. Clearing a junk drawer or closet each week. Reading more books and watching less TV. Delaying less on work deadlines. Spending more time with each of my kids and reaching out to family and friends more often. Making special meals, and doing other things to make my loved ones feel loved. Over the next few days, I was able to check off several items on my habit tracker. I was pleased with the progress, but I hadn’t done much with the habits intended to improve my relationships with others. I tried to put more focus on those habits. One morning, I opened my planner and realized that it was Julia’s. The first task was “Write in my gratitude journal.” The second one was “Do something nice for someone else.” Julia was a busy college student. How did she find time to keep a journal and do random acts of kindness? When I asked her about it, she said, “Those two habits go together. Writing in my gratitude journal makes me want to do nice things for other people.” “What a wonderful thing to do!” I said, “I love that your gratitude fuels your acts of kindness.” I took a plain notebook and wrote, “I’m thankful for...” I prepared my husband’s favorite dinner, sent an encouraging text to a friend, and baked another batch of cookies for Julia to share with her friends. 1．Why does the author like the planner most? A．She often used it while being a teacher. B．She wants to keep her life organized. C．She is a person of doing things in order. D．She tends to focus on working effectively. 2．What is the main idea of paragraph 2? A．The various arrangements the author had a day. B．The constant changes the author made in life. C．The good habits the author wanted to develop. D．The different things the author delayed doing. 3．What habits did the author want to put more focus on after the progress? A．Doing more exercise every day. B．Completing her tasks in time. C．Keeping a balanced diet for her health. D．Building more close bonds with others. 4．What did the author learn from Julia? A．Gratitude can fuel kindness. B．Love is endless in a family. C．Blessing comes from nowhere. D．Generosity is actually a virtue. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者非常喜欢使用计划本使自己的生活条理化。但是一次作者意外发现女儿使用计划本促使自己为他人做好事，这使作者明白了感恩可以促进人们之间的友善。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段的“My favorite school-supply item is the daily planner because I struggle with organization. I always dream that the perfect planner will somehow cure me of my delay and turn my life into a paradise (乐园) of order and productivity. (我最喜欢的学校用品是每日计划表，因为我很难有条理。我总是梦想着完美的计划者能以某种方式治愈我的拖延症，把我的生活变成一个有序而高效的天堂。)”可知，作者的生活没有条理性，总是拖延做事等，因此她希望通过计划本来使自己的生活变得有条理。故选B。 2．主旨大意题。根据第二段“The list of habits I wanted to develop was long. Exercising regularly. Drinking more water. Clearing a junk drawer or closet each week. Reading more books and watching less TV. Delaying less on work deadlines. Spending more time with each of my kids and reaching out to family and friends more often. Making special meals, and doing other things to make my loved ones feel loved. (我想养成的习惯清单很长。有规律的锻炼。多喝水。每周清理杂物抽屉或壁橱。多读书，少看电视。少拖延工作的最后期限。花更多的时间和我的每个孩子在一起，更多地与家人和朋友联系。做特别的饭菜，做其他让我爱的人感到被爱的事情。)”可知，作者在本段列举了一些自己希望养成的好习惯。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Spending more time with each of my kids and reaching out to family and friends more often. Making special meals, and doing other things to make my loved ones feel loved. (花更多的时间和我的每个孩子在一起，更多地与家人和朋友联系。做特别的饭菜，做其他让我爱的人感到被爱的事情。)可知，作者想与他人建立更紧密的联系。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据第四段的最后一句“Writing in my gratitude journal makes me want to do nice things for other people. (写感恩日记让我想为别人做些好事)”和最后一段的““What a wonderful thing to do!” I said, “I love that your gratitude fuels your acts of kindness.” (“这是一件多么美妙的事情啊!”我说:“我喜欢你的感激激发了你的善举。”)”可知，作者发现感恩会促使一个人做好事，表现得更加友善。故选A。 Passage 8 （2024·山东聊城·二模）It wasn’t until I got into college and took a class on creative writing that I began to trust my own madness. The professor encouraged us to color outside the lines and trust our abilities as a writer. We had weekly sessions where we read each other’s work and had to give constructive criticism. On our first assignment, I struggled with getting my ideas onto paper. I knew that kind of story I wanted to tell, but as a reserved young man, I was terrified of judgement from my peers. I was afraid they would think my writing was too dark or really messed up. But finally, after spending hours thinking of making the writing more socially acceptable, I decided to write it like I felt it. In the next critique session, I was shocked at the reaction from my peers. There was some constructive criticism, which really helped me improve, but overall, they loved how realistic and convincing my writing was. At the end of the class, the professor asked me if she could use my assignment as a sample for her other classes to know that they can trust their own madness with their writing. For the final we had a huge paper for which we had to write on Henry V. The professor encouraged me to write it in the voice I had developed in the creative writing class, so I did. The consequence was that she called it a graduate level paper and asked to use it as another sample. That year I ended up winning a writing award. I also entered a writing contest online and out of hundreds of entries, got an honorable mention. And that was when I decided to have a shot at fiction. 1．What does the underlined phrase “color outside the lines” mean in the first paragraph? A．Stress the words. B．Generate new ideas. C．Add color to the lines. D．Take risks. 2．What happened with the author’s first assignment? A．He messed it up. B．He didn’t know how to do it. C．He felt insecure about it. D．He adjusted it in an acceptable way. 3．What can we know from paragraph 3? A．His peers thought his writing was persuasive. B．His peers criticized his writing style. C．The professor asked him to teach others to write. D．His writing reached graduate level. 4．What was the secret of the author’s success in writing? A．His persistence in writing. B．Trust in his own madness. C．His professor’s encouragement. D．Constructive criticism from his peers. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在大学创意写作课上的经历，以及这段经历如何帮助他在写作上取得成功。 1．词句猜测题。根据划线部分上文“It wasn’t until I got into college and took a class on creative writing that I began to trust my own madness.(直到我上了大学，上了一门关于创意写作的课，我才开始相信自己的疯狂。)”以及第二段第一句“On our first assignment, I struggled with getting my ideas onto paper.(在我们的第一次作业中，我很难把我的想法写下来。)”可知，这门课是关于创意写作课，要求学生产生新的具有创意的想法并进行写作；由此可知，“The professor encouraged us to color outside the lines and trust our abilities as a writer.(教授鼓励我们color outside the lines，要相信自己的写作能力。)”中的color outside the lines指的是“产生新的创意”。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段的“I knew that kind of story I wanted to tell, but as a reserved young man, I was terrified of judgement from my peers. I was afraid they would think my writing was too dark or really messed up. (我知道我想讲什么样的故事，但作为一个保守的年轻人，我害怕同龄人对我的评价。我担心他们会认为我的写作太黑暗或太混乱。)”可知，作者在完成第一个任务时，担心自己的作品会受到同龄人的批评和否定，对自己的作品缺乏信心。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段的“In the next critique session, I was shocked at the reaction from my peers. There was some constructive criticism, which really helped me improve, but overall, they loved how realistic and convincing my writing was. (在接下来的互评环节中，我对同学们的反应感到震惊。有一些建设性的批评，这对我的提高很有帮助，但总的来说，他们喜欢我的写作是多么真实和令人信服。)”可知，同学们的反馈是积极的，他们喜欢作者的写作风格，认为它是真实和令人信服的。由此推知，同学们认为作者的作品是有说服力的。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“It wasn’t until I got into college and took a class on creative writing that I began to trust my own madness.(直到我上了大学，上了一门关于创意写作的课，我才开始相信自己的疯狂。)”、第三段中“At the end of the class, the professor asked me if she could use my assignment as a sample for her other classes to know that they can trust their own madness with their writing.(在这节课结束时，教授问我是否可以把我的作业作为一个样本，让她的其他班级知道自己的写作可以相信自己的疯狂。)”以及最后一段的“That year I ended up winning a writing award. I also entered a writing contest online and out of hundreds of entries, got an honorable mention. And that was when I decided to have a shot at fiction. (那一年，我最终获得了一个写作奖项。我还参加了一个网上写作比赛，在数百份参赛作品中，获得了荣誉奖。就在那时，我决定尝试写小说。)”可知，作者在创意写作课上，跳出思维定式，相信自己的疯狂想法，最终获得了成功。由此推知，作者写作成功的秘诀是相信自己的疯狂。故选B。 Passage 9 （2025·河南新乡·一模）A beautiful piece of music was playing on the radio. I did not know what it was, and I started listening carefully, but then I noticed my mind wandering as if to own the music. It was like it was not enough for me just to enjoy the moment. I needed to memorize, understand, and analyze what I was hearing to capture that moment. And in doing this, I was no longer enjoying it. What stopped me from enjoying the music? In asking that question, I remembered the humanistic psychologist Erich Fromm. In his classic book To Have or To Be? he wrote about “having” and “being” as two different mindsets or attitudes towards life. Fromm described how having was a dominant cultural mindset and ultimately at the root of many of our personal and social problems. The having mindset is so deeply ingrained within us that it can take over and push our being out of the way. The having mindset raises an essential problem for humanity. Fromm writes about how it comes from our materialistic culture in which having as a mindset is prioritized over a being mindset. It often seems that most of us treat life as if we were just playing a giant game of Monopoly (大富翁) in real time. Who can collect the most wealth and property and exploit (剥削) the other players? It is a game in which we learn to value only what brings us monetary gain. We truly need so little in the way of material things to be contented in life. We need a sense of purpose, meaning, relationships, good health, and the resources to be safe and secure. It feels like we have no choice but to live as if we were the pieces on a Monopoly board. But we can be aware of the choices we make in life and begin to adjust our lives either down the path of having or being. That way, we can learn to enjoy a piece of music without needing to buy it, go for a walk, and appreciate the wildflowers without picking them. 1．What can be inferred about the author from the first paragraph? A．He didn’t like music. B．He liked analyzing music occasionally. C．He failed to enjoy the music. D．He listened to music casually. 2．What does the underlined word “ingrained” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Rooted. B．Affected. C．Imagined. D．Discovered. 3．What’s the author’s attitude towards “having” mindset? A．Interested. B．Opposed. C．Positive. D．Unconcerned. 4．What does the author advise us to do? A．Play the game of Monopoly. B．Change our mindsets in life. C．Aim high and seek your fortune. D．Find life purpose and help others. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者由听音乐的经历引出心理学家弗洛姆关于“拥有”和“存在”两种心态的观点，指出“拥有”心态的问题并建议人们做出改变。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“I did not know what it was, and I started listening carefully, but then I noticed my mind wandering as if to own the music. It was like it was not enough for me just to enjoy the moment. I needed to memorize, understand, and analyze what I was hearing to capture that moment. And in doing this, I was no longer enjoying it.(我不知道那是什么音乐，于是开始认真聆听，但随后我注意到自己的思绪开始飘移，好像想要占有这首音乐。仅仅享受当下对我来说似乎还不够。我需要记住、理解并分析我所听到的内容，以抓住那一刻。而这样做的时候，我就不再享受音乐了)”可推知，作者因为想要记住、理解和分析音乐，结果无法享受音乐了。故选C项。 2．词句猜测题。划线词所在句“The having mindset is so deeply ingrained within us that it can take over and push our being out of the way.(“拥有”心态在我们内心如此ingrained，以至于它可以占据主导地位，把我们的“存在”心态挤到一边)”中“so...that...”是固定句型，that引导结果状语从句，由“it can take over and push our being out of the way”可推知，“拥有”心态对我们影响很深，如同扎根在我们内心一样，所以才导致“存在”心态挤到一边。故划线词“ingrained”意为“根深蒂固的”，与“Rooted”意思相近。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Fromm described how having was a dominant cultural mindset and ultimately at the root of many of our personal and social problems.(弗洛姆描述了“拥有”是一种占主导地位的文化心态，并且最终是我们许多个人和社会问题的根源)”、第三段中“The having mindset raises an essential problem for humanity.(“拥有”心态给人类带来了一个根本性的问题)”和最后一段中“That way, we can learn to enjoy a piece of music without needing to buy it, go for a walk, and appreciate the wildflowers without picking them.(这样，我们就可以学会欣赏一段音乐而不需要购买它，去散步，欣赏野花而不需要采摘)”可知，作者引用弗洛姆的观点，说明“拥有”心态会给个人和社会带来问题，同时建议人们学会欣赏而不是去拥有。由此推知，作者对“拥有”心态持反对态度。故选B项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“But we can be aware of the choices we make in life and begin to adjust our lives either down the path of having or being. That way, we can learn to enjoy a piece of music without needing to buy it, go for a walk, and appreciate the wildflowers without picking them.(但是我们可以意识到我们在生活中所做的选择，并开始调整我们的生活，要么走向“拥有”的道路，要么走向“存在”的道路。这样，我们就可以学会欣赏一段音乐而不需要购买它，去散步，欣赏野花而不需要采摘)”可知，作者建议人们学会欣赏而不是去拥有，这是建议我们改变生活中的心态。故选B项。 Passage 10 （22-23高二下·广西柳州·期中）My hands were shaking uncontrollably. I tried incredibly hard to focus on the words that I spent hours putting down on paper. I tried to conquer my fear of speaking in public on numerous occasions throughout my life. During college and at my first few jobs, I would get ridiculously nervous when I had to give a presentation or lead a meeting. Public speaking had been my nemesis for as long as I could remember. Then in my mid-thirties, I decided to join the public speaking group Toastmasters. At every meeting, we were rated and forced to compete with other speakers for an award. You would think that I would walk away from these experiences as a polished speaker, but nothing seemed to work. It wasn’t until recently when science and scientific institutions were being attacked for unfair reasons during the pandemic that I decided I must speak out. Science has made this country a place where dreams come true — this is why we all need to protect science. In addition, as a science writer, I try to get readers to understand how science is related to their daily lives. So, I ended up on that frightening stage on that sunny Saturday in April — Earth Day. Despite the body shakes and fear, I persevered. That day, I looked out into the crowd of like-minded science supporters and I felt comfort. Reaching that milestone goal of getting through a speech truly changed me. At almost forty, I learned that passion can set off a flame in my heart to do things I never dreamed possible. The darkness that led to my speech is sure to lead to new opportunities and adventures. 1．Which of the following words can replace the underlined word “nemesis” in Paragraph 1? A．Strength. B．Confusion C．Preference. D．Struggles. 2．What happened to the author when leaving Toastmasters? A．Things got worse for him. B．Nervousness remained with him. C．He became a polished writer. D．He began to feel more competitive. 3．Why did the author want to speak out on Earth Day? A．Because he wanted to rise up to defend his job. B．Because it was a good chance to understand science. C．Because it was a project organized by Toastmasters. D．Because he couldn’t have people attacking science. 4．What lesson did the author draw from his successful speech? A．Frustration can be a stepping stone to success. B．Love motivates us to achieve the unachievable. C．Science can lead us to make wonderful changes. D．Any difficulty can be overcome with great effort. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者长期害怕公开演讲，尽管多次尝试克服，包括加入Toastmasters组织，但效果不佳。疫情期间，科学受攻击，作者决定发声，最终克服恐惧完成演讲，认识到激情可激发潜能。 1．词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“During college and at my first few jobs, I would get ridiculously nervous when I had to give a presentation or lead a meeting.(在大学期间和我的前几份工作中，当我不得不做演讲或主持会议时，我会变得非常紧张)”可知，作者一进行公开演讲或讲话就会紧张。由此推知，“Public speaking had been my nemesis for as long as I could remember.(从我记事起，演讲就是我的nemesis)”中nemesis是指“困难的事情”，与D项struggles(难事)意思相近。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Then in my mid-thirties, I decided to join the public speaking group Toastmasters. At every meeting, we were rated and forced to compete with other speakers for an award. You would think that I would walk away from these experiences as a polished speaker, but nothing seemed to work.(在我35岁左右的时候，我决定加入公共演讲团体Toastmasters。每次会议上，我们都会被打分，并被迫与其他演讲者竞争奖项。你可能会认为，经历了这些之后，我会成为一个出色的演讲者，但似乎没什么用)”可知，虽然作者参加了公共演讲团体Toastmasters，但似乎没什么用，他仍然紧张不安。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“It wasn’t until recently, when science and scientific institutions were being attacked for unfair reasons during the pandemic, that I decided I must speak out.(直到最近，在疫情期间，科学和科研机构受到不公平的攻击，我才决定我必须发声)”和“So, I ended up on that frightening stage on that sunny Saturday in April — Earth Day.(于是，在4月那个阳光明媚的星期六——地球日，我走上了那个可怕的舞台)”可知，作者选择在地球日发声是因为他不允许人们攻击科学。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“At almost forty, I learned that passion can set off a flame in my heart to do things I never dreamed possible. The darkness that led to my speech is sure to lead to new opportunities and adventures.(将近四十岁时，我才明白，激情可以在我心中点燃火焰，让我去做那些我从未想过可能的事情。导致我发表演讲的困境，也一定会带来新的机遇和冒险)”可推知，作者感悟到激情能够点燃内心的火焰，热爱能激励我们去实现无法实现的目标。故选B项。 Passage 11 （24-25高二上·贵州贵阳·阶段练习）I started earning money as an apprentice at a printing factory, sweeping the floors until I met my life changing mentor at the age of 19. It completely changed the way I think about and do things, and so I finished my apprenticeship and started working in sales. I won a business scholarship at 22 and built up my name in sales. I’ve always been super-disciplined and that helped me climb the corporate ladder, very quickly, at a very young age. Since then I’ve become rich beyond my dreams, travelling around the world and making calls to the high-status people to help them dig deep and find their self-belief. From my point of view, there’s nothing stopping any of us from becoming successful, and I truly believe that the biggest problem we face is a lack of self-belief. Education can be an obstacle too, when people know what they want but don’t know how to go about it. To them I would say, really educate yourself about self-improvement and find yourself an accountability buddy (问责伙伴) who can keep you on the straight and narrow. Three months ago I had a business owner come to me in distress. He was about to close his kitchen-making business down and declare bankruptcy so he could go work for his father at his beach hut, which he didn’t want to do. Instead when he heard about me in the media, he told me he was going to give it one last shot, and hired me to work with him mentally to turn things around. Within weeks he’d tripled his income, and things are really looking up. And a lot of people ask me how I get someone to do that. The biggest thing that people really find through me is self-belief. My role is to support them and inspire and motivate them, and show them the possibilities of what can be achieved. 1．What is the author’s occupation now? A．Sales consultant. B．Life-guidance instructor. C．Sales apprentice. D．Discipline maker. 2．If we are stopped from being successful, what suggestion does the author make? A．We know nothing about how to be successful. B．We had better become an accountability buddy. C．We need to improve ourselves through education. D．We must seek advice from a life coach. 3．Why the experience of the distressed business owner and author was mentioned? A．To show the danger of doing business. B．To prove the correctness of his life choice. C．To explain the necessity of conducting the job. D．To give an example of how the author’s job works. 4．Which could be the suitable title of the passage? A．Life is a process full of challenges. B．Self-discipline is a cure of distressed. C．Achievement comes with self-belief. D．Nothing could stop your dreams. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的工作经历，通过具体描述和实例告诉我们自信是成功的关键因素。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Since then I’ve become rich beyond my dreams，travelling around the world and making calls to the high-status people to help them dig deep and find their self-belief.(从那时起，我变得富有，超越了我的梦想，环游世界，给地位高的人打电话，帮助他们深入挖掘并找到自己的自信)”可知，作者现在的职业是通过给予生活指导，给有需要的人提供帮助。由此可知，作者现在是一个为生活提供指导的导师。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Education can be an obstacle too，when people know what they want but don’t know how to go about it. To them I would say, really educate yourself about self-improvement and find yourself an accountability buddy (问责伙伴) who can keep you on the straight and narrow.(当人们知道自己想要什么但不知道如何去做时，教育也可能成为一个障碍。我想对他们说，真正地教育自己如何自我完善，并为自己找到一个有责任感的伙伴，让你保持走正道)”可知，当我们在实现成功时受到阻碍，作者建议我们不妨通过教育来提高自己。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“Since then I’ve become rich beyond my dreams，travelling around the world and making calls to the high-status people to help them dig deep and find their self-belief.(从那时起，我变得富有，超越了我的梦想，环游世界，给地位高的人打电话，帮助他们深入挖掘并找到自己的自信)”及第三段关键句“Instead when he heard about me in the media, he told me he was going to give it one last shot, and hired me to work with him mentally to turn things around. Within weeks he’d tripled his income, and things are really looking up.(相反，当他在媒体上听到我的消息时，他告诉我，他将给自己最后一次机会，并雇佣我在精神上与他合作，扭转局面。几周之内，他的收入增加了两倍，情况真的好转了)”可推知，作者提到陷入困境的企业主和作者的这次经历是为了举例说明他的工作是如何进行的以及其意义。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。第一段讲述作者改变思维方式并通过自己的自律，将自己的工作转换为为别人提供生活指导、帮他们找到生活的自信；第二段进一步讲述作者对成功的理解，指出缺乏自信是最重要的问题，并且要从学习中提升自己；第三段举了一个自己成功帮助一个处于失落之中的企业家重新找回自我的例子；第四段重申了自信的重要性，并指出自己做的事情就是帮助别人、鼓励别人，从而实现目标。从作者的全篇表达的中心意义上来看，作者从自身成功的例子和别人成功的例子里反复强调了自信的重要性，因此C项“成就来自自信”应为这篇文章的合适标题。故选C项。 Passage 12 （22-23高二·全国·课后作业）I started out my career as an editor for a travel magazine. I didn’t really mind the work, but I wanted something more challenging. My sister sent me some details about a content management position in a digital reading company. The job was a seemingly perfect mix of my skills and interests, so I jumped at it. However, soon after I joined the company, its model changed to focusing on education, and everything about my position changed. I was asked to take on the completely different roles of selling the products to teachers and training people. I had no experience in sales, training or education. On top of that, I’m an introvert (内向的人). I felt more than a little outside my comfort zone. I knew I wanted to grow as an individual and make a serious impact on the company. I told myself that everything felt overwhelming at first and I should at least try. In a way, I felt like I didn’t have a choice. I knew jumping out of the nest was the right thing for me, even though it felt pretty awful. I was fortunate to be surrounded by very helpful people, both at work and at home. My best friend reminded me that I had taken huge leaps of faith in the past and told me I would pull through just fine. It also helped that my boss seemed to have more faith in my capabilities than I did. She never asked if I thought I could do it; she only asked if I was interested in trying. I spent hours researching my company’s products. I asked lots of questions and spoke to so many teachers and there were soon more good experiences than difficult ones. I looked for opportunities to put in extra effort. The more I did, the better I felt. Over time, I discovered that the job was something I could do and liked doing. It was incredibly rewarding to see the company grow and know that I had something to do with its success. Sure, I made mistakes and took on more than I could handle. But I also learned that it’s important to take risks and accept new opportunities, even when you’re not sure whether you’ll do well. I don’t think there’s anything worse than failing because you refuse to even try. I’m so glad I tried, and know I’ll do it again. 1．Why did the author change her job? A．She was not satisfied with her salary. B．She got bored with the editing job. C．She found a job that seemed perfect for her. D．She was introduced to the new company. 2．What happened after the author joined the new company? A．She quickly got used to the new position. B．She wanted to quit because of the great pressure. C．The boss thought she was unsuitable for her post. D．Her new duties pushed her to explore her full ability. 3．How did the author finally manage to handle her job? A．She always had faith in her abilities. B．Her boss guided her in her work step by step. C．She made every effort to improve her work with the help of others. D．Her colleagues offered to take on some of her tasks. 4．The author wrote this article mainly to ________. A．warn readers about the risks of changing jobs B．give advice on how to step out of one’s comfort zone C．show off the success she has achieved D．share the lessons she has learned from her progress 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要分享了作者的个人工作经历及从中学到的经验教训。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“I didn’t really mind the work, but I wanted something more challenging.”（我真的不在意这份工作，但我想要更有挑战性的工作。）及第四句“The job was a seemingly perfect mix of my skills and interests, so I jumped at it.”（这份工作似乎是我的技能和兴趣的完美结合，所以我欣然接受了。）可知，作者不喜欢目前的工作，她找到的新工作完美融合了她的技能和兴趣，非常适合她。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“However, soon after I joined the company, its model changed to focusing on education, and everything about my position changed.”（然而，在我加入公司后不久，公司的模式转变为以教育为重点，我的职位也发生了变化。）及第三段前两句“I knew I wanted to grow as an individual and make a serious impact on the company. I told myself that everything felt overwhelming at first and I should at least try.”（我知道我想要获得个人成长，并对公司产生重大影响。我告诉自己，刚开始的时候，一切都让我感到难以承受，但我至少应该尝试一下。）可知，作者在进入新的公司后自己的工作发生了很大变化，由于这些变化，作者不得不跳出舒适区并开发她的全部能力去适应和尝试。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。第四段第一句“I was fortunate to be surrounded by very helpful people, both at work and at home.”（我很幸运身边都是非常乐于助人的人，无论是在工作中还是在家里。）及第五段“I spent hours researching my company’s products. I asked lots of questions and spoke to so many teachers and there were soon more good experiences than difficult ones. I looked for opportunities to put in extra effort. The more I did, the better I felt.”（我花了几个小时研究我公司的产品。我问了很多问题，和很多老师交谈，很快，我的工作越来越得心应手。我寻找机会付出额外的努力。我做得越多，感觉就越好。）可知，作者工作情况一步步好转的原因是身边人的帮助鼓励以及作者自身的不断努力。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“But I also learned that it’s important to take risks and accept new opportunities, even when you’re not sure whether you’ll do well. I don’t think there’s anything worse than failing because you refuse to even try. I’m so glad I tried, and know I’ll do it again.”（但我也学到了冒险和接受新的机会是很重要的，即使你不确定你是否会做得很好。我认为没有什么比失败更糟糕的了，因为你甚至拒绝尝试。我很高兴我尝试了，我知道我还会再试一次。）并结合作者上文分享的个人工作经历可知，作者主要是为了分享她从个人经历中学到的经验教训，即要勇于突破自己，敢于做新的尝试。把握不同的机会。故选D项。 话题3 生活与学习 Passage 13 Dancers Wanted for Our School’s 50th AnniversaryTo celebrate our school’s 50th anniversary (周年纪念日), we are going to choose a number of dancers. Come and show yourself at 9:30 a.m. this Friday in the concert hall. Shining ClubWe have all kinds of clay figurine (泥塑) works for you. You can learn about Chinese traditional art from them. Create your own figurine and take it home. TIME: 9:00 a.m. next Wednesday PLACE: Room A201 Join Us!We are Heart Beat. We have a pianist, a guitarist and a drummer (鼓手). We need YOU to sing with us. Join us at 4:00 p.m. this Tuesday in the school music hall. Let’s play wonderful music together! Famous Environmentalist to Give a TalkAir pollution is causing more and more problems. What can we do? A well-known environmentalist will come to our school and give a talk. Come to know more and take action! TIME: 3:30 p.m.-5:30 p.m. next Thursday PLACE: Hall 2 1．What is special about Shining Club? A．It offers chances to music fans. B．It requires one to be creative. C．It provides prizes for great works. D．It allows one to come at any time. 2．What is the purpose of the talk given by the environmentalist? A．To teach students how to play music. B．To help students make clay figurines. C．To discuss solutions to air pollution. D．To celebrate the school’s anniversary. 3．Where can we probably read the text? A．On a school notice board. B．In a city guidebook. C．On a community website. D．In a local newspaper. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是四则学校活动通知，包括校庆舞蹈演员招募、Shining Club泥塑体验、Heart Beat乐队招新以及环保专家讲座，分别介绍了活动内容、时间及地点。 1．细节理解题。根据Shining Club中的“Create your own figurine and take it home. (制作你自己的小雕像并带回家)”可知，这个活动强调参与者需发挥创造力，因此其特别之处在于要求创造性。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据Famous Environmentalist to Give a Talk中的“Air pollution is causing more and more problems. What can we do? A well-known environmentalist will come to our school and give a talk. Come to know more and take action! (空气污染正在造成越来越多的问题。我们能做什么？一位著名的环保主义者将来我们学校做报告。来了解更多并采取行动吧！)”可知，这位环保主义者演讲的目的是讨论空气污染的解决方案。故选C。 3．推理判断题。通读全文可知，四则通知均涉及学校活动（校庆、俱乐部、乐队、讲座），且语言简洁、信息集中，符合学校公告栏的常见形式。故选A。 Passage 14 Understanding Your Grade in Math Electives （2025·福建福州·一模）Your final grade in this math elective reflects your overall proficiency across several key mathematical skills essential for success in advanced mathematics. The assessment focuses on four main areas, each contributing a specific portion to your final mark (note: exact percentages may be adjusted by your instructor). This ensures the evaluation aligns closely with the intended outcomes. • Part 1: Conceptual Understanding & Knowledge (40%): This evaluates your deep grasp of fundamental theories, definitions, and core principles. Excellence requires demonstrating genuine comprehension, making insightful connections between topics, and moving beyond simple recall to show true mastery of the subject matter. • Part 2: Problem Solving & Application (30%): Assesses your ability to select and execute (执行) effective strategies, perform accurate and efficient calculations, and apply concepts to solve both standard exercises and novel problems. The logical process you use and your verification (核查) of results are critically important factors. • Part 3: Mathematical Reasoning & Communication (20%): Measures the clarity, logical flow, and precision of your explanations (whether written or verbal). Using correct lingoes (术语) and structuring solutions with meticulous care is essential for high performance in demonstrating sound mathematical argumentation. • Part 4: Professionalism (10%): Considers consistent preparation for class, punctuality (准时) in attendance, timely submission of all assigned work, and active, constructive participation. Sustained engagement throughout the course contributes positively to this aspect of your grade. Your performance will be evaluated through exams, quizzes, homework, projects, and participation. Specific assignment expectations will be provided. Grades listed on the report are based on a 100-point scale and the bonus points are added to the total score after weighting. For any questions regarding specific assignment expectations or your performance, please click here to contact your instructor directly. 1．What grade will Sue get in the end referring to the report below? Sue’s Elective Math Grade Report Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Part 4 NOTES 90 90 80 100 Special Bonus: +3 A．89. B．90. C．92. D．93. 2．Which of the following is critical for higher grades? A．Recall all of the topics. B．Address familiar problems. C．Accurate use of terms. D．Unprepared presentations or essays. 3．Where is this text probably taken from? A．A freshman brochure. B．A college official website. C．An education magazine. D．An advertisement. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 【导语】这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了数学选修课最终成绩的四大组成部分及其权重、各板块的高分要求、成绩计算方式（含附加分规则），并提及成绩评估途径与咨询方式。 1．细节理解题。根据文章中“Part 1: Conceptual Understanding & Knowledge (40%)(第一部分：概念理解和知识（40%）)”、“Part 2: Problem Solving & Application (30%)(第二部分：问题解决与应用（30%）)”、“Part 3: Mathematical Reasoning & Communication (20%)(第三部分：数学推理与交流（20%）)”、“Part 4: Professionalism (10%)(第四部分：专业精神（10%）)”以及“Grades listed on the report are based on a 100-point scale and the bonus points are added to the total score after weighting. (成绩单上的分数以百分制为基准，附加分在权重计算完成后计入总分。)”可知，最终成绩由四个部分按比例计算后再加上奖励分。Sue的得分为：90×40%+90×30%+80×20%+100×10% =89，再加上特殊奖励3分，最终成绩为 89+3 = 92。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据Part 3部分中“Using correct lingoes (术语) and structuring solutions with meticulous care is essential for high performance(使用正确的术语，并精心组织解题过程，对于展现严谨的数学论证能力以取得优异成绩至关重要。)”可知，准确使用术语对取得高分至关重要。C选项正确；根据Part 1部分中“Excellence requires demonstrating genuine comprehension, making insightful connections between topics, and moving beyond simple recall to show true mastery of the subject matter.(要取得优异成绩，需要展现出对知识的真正理解，在不同主题间建立富有洞察力的关联，并超越单纯的知识记忆，以体现对该学科内容的真正精通。)”、Part 2 部分中“and apply concepts to solve both standard exercises and novel problems. The logical process you use and your verification (核查) of results are critically important factors. (运用概念来解决普通练习和新问题。你所采用的逻辑推理过程以及对结果的核查，是至关重要的因素。)”以及Part 4部分中“Considers consistent preparation for class, punctuality (准时) in attendance, timely submission of all assigned work, and active, constructive participation. Sustained engagement throughout the course contributes positively to this aspect of your grade. (考量你是否持续为课堂做好准备、出勤是否准时、能否按时提交所有布置的作业，以及是否积极参与课堂且提出建设性意见。在整个课程期间保持持续投入，将对成绩的这一部分产生积极影响。)”可知，取得优异成绩需要深入理解知识以体现对学科内容的真正精通，逻辑推理过程以及对结果的核查，以及整个课程的持续参与；此外，问题解决与应用部分需要兼顾熟悉的普通练习和新颖问题，专业精神部分要求持续为课堂做好准备并及时交作业，因此A、B、D选项错误；故选C。 3．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据文章最后一段“For any questions regarding specific assignment expectations or your performance, please click here to contact your instructor directly.(如有任何关于作业期望或你的表现的问题，请点击这里直接与你的导师联系)”可知，文章主要介绍数学选修课最终成绩的四大组成部分及其权重、各板块的高分要求、成绩计算方式等，“click here”是典型的网页操作提示，由此可推断文本可能来自大学官方网站。A选项“新生手册”通常不会有点击链接的提示；C 选项“教育杂志”一般不会涉及具体课程成绩查询及联系instructors 的操作；D 选项“广告”与文本内容不符，故选B。 Passage 15 A notable study by Princeton University and UCLA researchers explores how note-taking methods affect academic performance, finding that handwritten note-takers consistently outperform laptop users in exams.​ The study included 150 undergraduates split into two groups, both attending 45-minute lectures on introductory psychology and astrophysics — subjects blending facts and reasoning. One group used notebooks, the other laptops with no note-taking restrictions.​ Post-lecture results were clear: handwritten note-takers scored 18% higher on comprehension questions and 12% higher on recall tasks. A week later, for long-term retention, the gap grew to 23%, showing deeper processing.​ Researchers point to differing cognitive processes. Handwriting’s slower pace demands active synthesis: filtering key ideas, rephrasing concepts, and linking new info to existing knowledge — strengthening memory pathways. Laptop users often transcribe verbatim (一字不差地), engaging in “shallow processing” without parsing meaning.​ Notably, note length didn’t correlate with performance; top-scoring handwritten notes were concise, focusing on core principles. This highlights the quality of engagement over quantity.​ These findings matter for education. With digital tools prevalent, educators might encourage handwritten notes for complex subjects, using laptops for rapid data entry. Ultimately, the study emphasizes that learning flourishes in active, mindful engagement, not passive consumption. 1．What is the main finding of the study by Princeton University and UCLA researchers? A．Laptop note-takers write longer notes than handwritten note-takers. B．Handwritten note-takers perform better in exams than laptop users. C．Note-taking methods have no significant effect on academic performance. D．Students prefer digital note-taking tools over traditional notebooks. 2．What subjects were included in the lectures for the study? A．Introductory psychology and astrophysics B．Mathematics and computer science C．History and literature D．Biology and chemistry 3．Why do handwritten note-takers achieve better results according to the researchers? A．They write more detailed notes. B．They can review notes more easily. C．They engage in active synthesis of information. D．They spend more time on note-taking during lectures. 4．What does the study emphasize about effective learning? A．Using digital tools for all types of note-taking B．Writing as many notes as possible during lectures C．Active and mindful engagement rather than passive consumption D．Focusing on recall tasks rather than comprehension questions 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了普林斯顿大学和UCLA研究发现手写记笔记者考试表现优于用笔记本电脑者，强调主动学习的重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“A notable study by Princeton University and UCLA researchers explores how note-taking methods affect academic performance, finding that handwritten note-takers consistently outperform laptop users in exams.(普林斯顿大学和加州大学洛杉矶分校的研究人员进行了一项引人注目的研究，探讨了记笔记方式如何影响学习成绩，发现手写记笔记的人在考试中一直比使用笔记本电脑的人表现更好。)”可知，研究的主要发现是手写记笔记的人在考试中比使用笔记本电脑的人表现更好，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“The study included 150 undergraduates split into two groups, both attending 45-minute lectures on introductory psychology and astrophysics—subjects blending facts and reasoning.(这项研究包括 150 名本科生，他们被分成两组，都参加了 45 分钟的基础心理学和天体物理学讲座 —— 这些科目融合了事实和推理。)”可知，讲座包含的科目是基础心理学和天体物理学，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Researchers point to differing cognitive processes. Handwriting’s slower pace demands active synthesis: filtering key ideas, rephrasing concepts, and linking new info to existing knowledge — strengthening memory pathways.(研究人员指出了不同的认知过程。手写的较慢速度需要积极的整合：筛选关键观点、重新表述概念以及将新信息与现有知识联系起来 —— 这加强了记忆路径。)”可知，记笔记的人成绩更好是因为他们积极整合信息，故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据第六段“Ultimately, the study emphasizes that learning flourishes in active, mindful engagement, not passive consumption.(最终，这项研究强调，学习在积极、用心的参与中才能蓬勃发展，而不是在被动的接受中。)可知，该研究强调有效学习是积极且用心的参与而非被动的接受，故选C。 Passage 16 College professors these days face an ever-higher bar to grab the attention of their students. Yet, Tatiana Erukhimova, who teaches physics at Texas A&M University in the USA, has managed to get her students excited about science. Known as “Dr. Tatiana”, the professor performs physics tricks with boundless energy and enthusiasm. Videos of her theatrical demonstrations have racked up hundreds of millions of views across social media platforms. In the videos, Erukhimova uses a range of everyday objects in her experiments, from ping pong balls and toilet paper to bicycle wheels and hair dryers. It’s clear she knows what it takes to get young people excited about a hard science. But it isn’t always that way. When she first started teaching college freshman classes almost two decades ago, she struggled to grab the attention of her younger students. She was used to teaching juniors (大三学生) and found it easier to teach them. “By junior year, students enrolled in physics are determined to learn,” she says. “But when it comes to teaching a large lecture hall of 100-plus first-year students, first impressions are important. Unfortunately, I did not grab their attention—that was my mistakes.” By the second semester, she found her footing, adjusting her approach to make her lecture halls feel smaller and get her students engaged. “Talk to your students before and after class. Walk up and down the stairs when you teach your class rather than stay on the stage,” she says. “And add showy demonstration, which helps students connect the abstract concepts with real life.” Erukhimova has earned more than just recognition on social media. In October 2023, she was honored with a national award for science outreach “for leadership in bringing the excitement of physics through innovative education programs.” 1．What can we infer about Erukhimova from the first two paragraphs? A．She likes to play a trick on her students. B．She wants to be popular on social media. C．She excites widespread interest in science. D．She is passionate about making online videos. 2．What’s the probable meaning of the underlined words “racked up” in paragraph 2? A．Gained. B．Controlled. C．Protected. D．Replaced. 3．Why did Erukhimova find it easier to teach juniors? A．Juniors could study entirely on their own. B．She used simpler teaching methods for juniors. C．She didn’t have to worry about first impressions. D．Juniors showed a higher level of commitment to learning. 4．How did Erukhimova find her footing in the second semester? A．By improving her communication skills. B．By following a traditional teaching method. C．By reducing the number of students in the class. D．By making herself approachable and her teaching engaging. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国得克萨斯农工大学的物理学教授塔季扬娜・叶鲁希莫娃(Tatiana Erukhimova)有创意地教学生们物理知识，激发了学生们对科学的热爱。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Yet, Tatiana Erukhimova, who teaches physics at Texas A&M University in the USA, has managed to get her students excited about science. (然而，在美国得克萨斯A&M大学教物理的塔季扬娜・叶鲁希莫娃成功让她的学生对科学产生了兴趣。)”以及第二段“Videos of her theatrical demonstrations have racked up hundreds of millions of views across social media platforms. (她富有戏剧性的演示视频在各大社交媒体平台上获得了数亿次观看。)”可知，叶鲁希莫娃不仅让自己的学生对科学感兴趣，其演示视频还吸引了大量网友关注，可推断她激发了广泛的科学兴趣。故选C项。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Videos of her theatrical demonstrations have racked up hundreds of millions of views across social media platforms. (她富有戏剧性的演示视频在各大社交媒体平台上racked up数亿次观看。)”并结合“views(观看量)”的语境可知， 这里指视频在各大社交媒体平台上获得了数亿次观看，所以racked up应表示“获得、积累”，与“Gained” 含义一致。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段““By junior year, students enrolled in physics are determined to learn,” she says. (她说：“到了大三，选修物理的学生是下定决心要学习的。”)”可知，叶鲁希莫娃认为教大三学生更容易，是因为大三学生对学习物理有更高的投入度和决心。故选D项。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段““Talk to your students before and after class. Walk up and down the stairs when you teach your class rather than stay on the stage,” she says. “And add showy demonstration, which helps students connect the abstract concepts with real life.” (她说：“课前课后和学生交流。上课的时候在过道里走动，而不是待在讲台上。还要增加精彩的演示，帮助学生把抽象概念和现实生活联系起来。”)”可知，叶鲁希莫娃通过课前课后交流、走近学生、增加演示让教学更有吸引力，即让自己更易接近且教学更具参与感，从而找到教学方向。故选D项。 Passage 17 （24-25高一下·北京怀柔·期末）A quiet space is often considered essential for achieving the concentration that leads to academic success. But research shows that some students may benefit from breaking the silence with certain kinds of music while they study. Music has a powerful influence on both the body and the brain, in ways that can help students navigate the physical and emotional barriers that come with academic challenges. One US study compared students who took a test to soft music with those who took the test under silent conditions. The study found that students taking a test to music not only completed more questions within a set time but also answered more questions correctly. Music has been further linked to improvements in memory and recall. Experts have found that when music stimulates mood and motivation, students are able to learn more and to better demonstrate their knowledge. A bit of mood music affects more than just memory and recall when students hit the books. Music can also relieve stress associated with school. Scientists have learned that music engages the autonomic nervous system, which not only controls the unconscious functions of the body but also influences emotions. So it’s no surprise that researchers from the Group Health Research Institute concluded that certain kinds of background music can be just as effective at reducing stress as a massage. Furthermore, while the brain feels better with music, the body may as well. Research shows that certain types of music can make physical pain feel less intense. What’s more, calming music with a steady, meditative rhythm can help people sleep longer and more deeply. However, some educators express concern that listening to music while trying to concentrate may do more harm than good. Loud music may have a negative influence on a student’s mood or act as a distraction. Actually, the best approach may depend on the students themselves. Listening to music during study time may not mean a guaranteed A for all students, but those who find it helpful should be allowed to plug in their headphones. 1．What does the underlined word “navigate” in the first paragraph probably mean? A．Recognize. B．Overcome. C．Assess. D．Create. 2．What can we learn from this passage? A．Music helps students get rid of physical pain. B．Loud music has the same calming effect as a massage. C．Listening to music makes it easier for students to multitask. D．Music helps students better remember relevant information. 3．The author writes Paragraph 3 mainly to ______. A．present the effects of music on mind and body B．compare the functions of different types of music C．confirm the impacts of music on memory and recall D．give examples of the influences of music on emotions 4．Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? A．The Power of Silence B．Music to a Patient C．The Score to Better Scores D．Road to Academic Success 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍研究表明某些音乐对学生学习有益，能帮助克服障碍、提升成绩等，也提及相关争议。 1．词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Music has a powerful influence on both the body and the brain, in ways that can help students navigate the physical and emotional barriers that come with academic challenges. (音乐对身体和大脑都有强大的影响，它可以帮助学生……学术挑战带来的身体和情感障碍。)”可知，音乐可以帮助学生克服障碍，由此可知，“navigate”在这里表示“克服”的意思，与“Overcome”含义相近。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Music has been further linked to improvements in memory and recall. Experts have found that when music stimulates mood and motivation, students are able to learn more and to better demonstrate their knowledge. (音乐还与记忆力和回忆力的提高有关。专家发现，当音乐激发情绪和动力时，学生能够学到更多东西，并更好地展示自己的知识。)”可知，音乐有助于学生更好地记住相关信息。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“A bit of mood music affects more than just memory and recall when students hit the books. Music can also relieve stress associated with school. (当学习时，一点情绪音乐不仅是影响记忆和回忆。音乐还可以缓解与学校有关的压力。)”以及“Research shows that certain types of music can make physical pain feel less intense. What’s more, calming music with a steady, meditative rhythm can help people sleep longer and more deeply. (研究表明，某些类型的音乐可以减轻身体疼痛的强度。此外，具有稳定、冥想式节奏的舒缓音乐能够帮助人们睡得更久、更沉。)”可知，第三段主要是为了列举音乐对身心的影响。故选A项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Music has a powerful influence on both the body and the brain, in ways that can help students navigate the physical and emotional barriers that come with academic challenges. (音乐对身体和大脑都有强大的影响，可以帮助学生克服学业挑战带来的身体和情感障碍。)”可知，文章主要讲述了音乐对学生学习的积极影响，如提升记忆力、缓解压力等，有助于学生取得更好的成绩。“The Score to Better Scores”既体现了音乐（score也有乐谱之意），又与成绩（score）相关，能很好地概括全文主旨，所以适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选C项。 Passage 18 （25-26高二上·全国·课后作业）At thirteen, I was in my secondary school. I was diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD注意缺陷多动障碍). It made school difficult for me. When everyone else in the class was focusing on tasks, I could not. In my first literature class, Mrs. Smith asked us to read a story and then write about it, all within 45 minutes. I raised my hand right away and said, “Mrs. Smith, you see, the doctor said I have attention problems. I might not be able to do it.” She glanced down at me through her glasses, “You are not different from your classmates, young man.” I tried, but I didn’t finish the reading when the bell rang. I got upset. I had to take it home. In the quietness of my bedroom, the story suddenly all became clear to me. It was about a blind person, Louis Braille. He lived in a time when the blind couldn’t get much education. But Louis didn’t give up. Instead, he invented a reading system of raised dots (点), which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind. Wasn’t I the “blind” one in my class, being made to learn like the “sighted” students? My thoughts flowed and my pen started to dance. I completed the task within 40 minutes. Indeed, I was not different from others: I just needed a quieter place. Now that Louis could find his way out of his problems, why should I ever give up? I didn’t expect anything when I handed in my paper to Mrs. Smith, so it was quite a surprise when it came back to me the next day—with an “A” on it. At the bottom of the paper were these words: “See what you can do when you keep trying.” I was grateful to Mrs. Smith. It was she that made me realize that I didn’t lack anything. I am not different from others. 1．Why did the author fail to finish the reading in class? A．He had poor reading skills. B．He was tired of literature. C．He had ADHD． D．He wanted to take the task home. 2．What do we know about Louis Braille from the passage? A．He was nearsighted. B．He was well­-educated. C．He was poor. D．He was very creative. 3．What was Mrs. Smith’s attitude to the author at the end of the story? A．Angry. B．Impatient. C．Supportive. D．Indifferent. 4．What does the passage mainly want to tell us? A．One can find his way out of difficulties with efforts. B．Teachers can open up a new world to students. C．Everyone needs a hand when faced with challenges. D．The blind should be treated with respect. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因患有注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）而在学校学习困难，但在一次文学课作业中，通过阅读盲人路易斯·布莱叶的故事受到启发，最终完成了作业并获得好评，从而意识到努力可以克服困难。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“I was diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD注意缺陷多动障碍). It made school difficult for me. When everyone else in the class was focusing on tasks, I could not.(我被诊断出患有注意缺陷多动障碍。这让我在学校的学习变得困难。当班上其他人都在专注于任务时，我却做不到。)”和第二段“Mrs. Smith, you see, the doctor said I have attention problems. I might not be able to do it.(史密斯老师，你看，医生说我注意力有问题。我可能做不到。)”可知，作者患有注意缺陷多动障碍，注意力无法集中，所以无法在课堂上完成阅读。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第五段“It was about a blind person, Louis Braille. He lived in a time when the blind couldn’t get much education. But Louis didn’t give up. Instead, he invented a reading system of raised dots (点), which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind.(这是关于一个盲人路易斯·布莱叶的故事。他生活在一个盲人无法接受太多教育的时代。但路易斯没有放弃。相反，他发明了一种凸点阅读系统，为盲人打开了一个全新的知识世界。)”可知，路易斯·布莱叶虽然是个盲人，但他发明了布莱叶点字系统，为盲人打开了知识的大门，说明他很有创造力。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“I was grateful to Mrs. Smith. It was she that made me realize that I didn’t lack anything. I am not different from others.(我很感激史密斯老师。是她让我意识到我并不缺少什么。我和其他人没有什么不同。)”和倒数第二段“At the bottom of the paper were these words: “See what you can do when you keep trying”.(在纸的底部写着：“看看你不断努力时能做什么”。)”可知，史密斯老师通过给作者的文章打A并写下鼓励的话语，表现出了对作者的支持和鼓励。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。文章讲述了作者因患有注意缺陷多动障碍而在学校学习困难，但在一次文学课作业中，通过阅读盲人路易斯·布莱叶的故事受到启发，意识到努力可以克服困难，最终完成了作业并获得好评的故事。文章最后一段提到“I was grateful to Mrs. Smith. It was she that made me realize that I didn’t lack anything. I am not different from others.(我很感激史密斯老师。是她让我意识到我并不缺少什么。我和其他人没有什么不同。)”可知，文章主要想告诉我们一个人可以通过努力找到克服困难的方法。故选A。 话题4 文学与艺术 Passage 19 Today, almost everyone has heard of Harry Potter. The books detailing his experiences at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry have aroused passion, creativity, and interest in reading throughout the world. But have you ever considered why you are a fan of the Harry Potter series? JK Rowling has created a list of characters and an environment for them to inhabit that appeals to both adults and children. The fantasy aspect of the wizarding world expands the imagination, and takes the mind to new and exciting places. Anything could happen there. Her stories contain parts of the believable and unbelievable, changing the predictability that readers commonly come across and bear in fiction. The main theme of the series, including good versus evil, prejudice, love, death, sacrifice, friendship and loyalty, in actuality contributes to the ever-lasting nature of the stories. At the same time, these themes remind us of classic literature, offering mature readers tales that wear like a comfortable pair of shoes, while introducing younger readers to concepts they will meet throughout their lives. Much of the appeal also comes from the characters. In each book, JK Rowling introduces and describes the characters in such a way that we wonder not only about their futures, but also about their pasts. Even supporting characters are suddenly more than just extras in the background. And what of Harry Potter himself? We care about Harry, because we watch him grow from an innocent boy to a powerful wizard. We see him as both Hero and Victim. He experiences endless love and extreme pain, and as readers, we experience them with him. This perfect combination of emotion, suspense and fantasy, together with the fact that JK Rowling is a superb storyteller is the reason why we are Harry potter fans. People are fond of Harry Potter series. With books like these, it’s hard not to be. 1．Harry Potter series become popular partly because ____________. A．they remind us of the childhood and environment we had in the past B．they take us to a world beyond our imagination and expectation C．they offer us ever-lasting nature of the stories D．they set an example of hero for us to follow 2．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 6 mean? A．The supporting characters are not necessary in the story. B．Readers care only about Harry but not those supporting characters. C．Even the supporting characters are attractive in the story. D．Those supporting characters only appear all of a sudden. 3．The themes of the Harry Potter series do not contain ____________. A．prejudice and love B．good and evil C．death and sacrifice D．safety and peace 4．People care for Harry Potter because ____________. A．they think of classic literature when reading the story B．they find different experiences from theirs on Harry C．they share the experiences with Harry D．they like JK Rowling’s description very much 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了哈利波特系列的特点，主题人物的简单分析，并告诉我们这一系列书成功的原因。 1．推理判断题。根据第三段“The fantasy aspect of the wizarding world expands the imagination, and takes the mind to new and exciting places. Anything could happen there. Her stories contain parts of the believable and unbelievable, changing the predictability that readers commonly come across and bear in fiction.(魔法世界的奇幻方面扩展了想象力，并把思想带到新的和令人兴奋的地方。那里什么事都可能发生。她的故事包含了可信和不可思议的部分，改变了读者通常在小说中遇到和忍受的可预测性)”可推知，哈利波特系列之所以受欢迎，部分原因是它们把我们带到了一个超出我们想象和预期的世界。故选B。 2．句意猜测题。根据倒数第二段中“Much of the appeal also comes from the characters. In each book, JK Rowling introduces and describes the characters in such a way that we wonder not only about their futures, but also about their pasts.(大部分的吸引力也来自于角色。在每本书中，J·K·罗琳都以一种让我们不仅好奇他们的未来，也好奇他们的过去的方式来介绍和描述这些角色)”可知是讲述了哈利系列中的主角很吸引人，配角同样吸引人，不仅仅是背景中的小人物。故画线词意思是“即使是配角在故事中也很吸引人”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The main theme of the series, including good versus evil, prejudice, love, death, sacrifice, friendship and loyalty, in actuality contributes to the ever-lasting nature of the stories.(正邪对抗、偏见、爱情、死亡、牺牲、友谊和忠诚等主题，使故事具有了永恒的本质)”可知，D选项的内容不包括在文章中，故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“We see him as both Hero and Victim. He experiences endless love and extreme pain, and as readers, we experience them with him.(我们认为他既是英雄又是受害者。他经历了无尽的爱和极度的痛苦，作为读者，我们和他一起经历这些)”可知，读者是随着哈利波特经历的事情成长的，有着感同身受的心情，所有关心他，故选C。 Passage 20 （22-23高二上·浙江·开学考试）Nowadays, we needn’t look far to find something new to watch. So why do so many of us choose to watch films we’ve already seen, even knowing every line of the script? A survey revealed rewatching films we’ve already seen countless times is common. Some titles were mentioned repeatedly — Back To The Future, Top Gun, and musicals like The Rain. In 2016, a website surveyed 1,169 people to list the 25 most rewatched films — with Star Wars, The Wizard of Oz and The sound of Music taking the top spots. Finding which movies we watch again and again is easy. Exactly why we do it is less clear. Obviously we love them and think they deserve our attention. One said, “Some films are what I think ‘complete’ and are so familiar that you can stop and start at any point. They are deeply satisfying and you can lose yourself in them.” While that might explain the second, third, or fourth viewing, what keeps us coming back to a movie when we already know every detail, and there are so many other new films to choose from? One explanation is that watching something familiar takes up less mental energy. We don’t have to concentrate to work out what’s going on. Instead, we just sit back and relax. When faced with diverse choices, it’s easier to return to an old film that we believe won’t disappoint us. A psychological phenomenon, “the mere exposure effect” — in which we develop a preference for something familiar — could also be a good explanation. So the more we watch, the more we want to watch. A 2012 study on cultural “re-consumption” found that rewatching movies can also make us reflect on how we’ve grown a measuring stick for how much our lives have changed. Perhaps that’s one of the biggest reasons why we return to films, to recall not only for a time in history but for a time in our lives. 1．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A．There are few good movies people can choose from. B．People often watch movies many times to memorize lines. C．People like to enjoy some movies once and again. D．Star Wars, Top Gun and The sound of Music are top hits. 2．The reasons why people rewatch films are as follows except that A．it makes viewers much more comfortable to rewatch the films B．familiar movies can remind people of impressive experiences C．viewers find it hard to select a better film than familiar ones D．it is those well-produced movies that always appeal to viewers 3．What’s the author’s attitude to the phenomenon of people’s rewatching films? A．Negative. B．Objective. C．Disapproving. D．Cautious. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。一项调查显示，重温我们已经看过无数遍的电影是很常见的，作者客观地陈述了这项关于人们重看电影的原因的调查结果。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Nowadays, we needn’t look far to find something new to watch. So why do so many of us choose to watch films we've already seen, even knowing every line of the script? (如今，我们不需要去很远的地方就能找到新的东西来观看。 那么，为什么我们这么多人选择看我们已经看过的电影，甚至了解剧本的每一句台词? )”以及第二段中“A survey revealed rewatching films we've already seen countless times is common.  (一项调查显示，重温我们已经看过无数遍的电影是很常见的)”可知，人们喜欢反复欣赏一些电影。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Some films are what I think ‘complete’ and are so familiar that you can stop and start at any point. They are deeply satisfying and you can lose yourself in them. (有些电影是我认为‘完整’的，是如此熟悉，你可以在任何一点停止和开始。它们会让你感到深深的满足，你可以在其中迷失自我)”，以及第四段“When faced with diverse choices, it’s easier to return to an old film that we believe won’t disappoint us.(当面对多样的选择，更容易回归到那些我们相信将不会让我们失望的老电影。)”可知，那些拍得很好的老电影总是吸引着观众，故D项为原因之一。根据第五段中“One explanation is that watching something familiar takes up less mental energy. We don’t have to concentrate to work out what’s going on. Instead, we just sit back and relax. (一种解释是，观看熟悉的东西消耗的精力更少。我们不需要集中精力来搞清楚发生了什么。相反，我们只是坐下来放松。)”可知，重温电影消耗体力少，观众更舒服，故A项为原因之一。最后一段中“A 2012 study on cultural ‘re-consumption’ found that rewatching movies can also make us reflect on how we’ve grown a measuring stick for how much our lives have changed. (2012年的一项关于文化‘再消费’的研究发现，重温电影也能让我们反思自己是如何成长的，这是衡量我们的生活发生了多大变化的标尺。)”可知，熟悉的电影使人反思，让人想起难忘的经历，故B项是原因之一。使用排除法，C选项“viewers find it hard to select a better film than familiar ones. (观众发现很难选择一个比熟悉的电影更好的电影)”不是人们重看电影的原因，文章没有提到。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。通读全文，特别是第二段首句“A survey revealed rewatching films we’ve already seen countless times is common. (一项调查显示，重看我们已经看过无数次的电影是很常见的。)”可知，文章主要说明了一项调查显示，重温我们已经看过无数遍的电影是很常见的，作者客观地陈述了这项关于人们重看电影的原因的调查结果，作者并未发表自己的看法，作者的态度是客观的。故选B项。 Passage 21 （21-22高二上·四川乐山·期中）An advance in electronic publishing could make the book you are reading seem as dated as a silent film. Publishers hope to exploit the growing success of ebooks by releasing versions with added soundtracks and musical accompaniments(伴奏). The noises in the first multimedia books include rain hitting a window in one of Conan Doyle’s Sherlock Holmes tales. Works by Oscar Wilde and Rudyard Kipling are also available. A Salman Rushdie story with an orchestral score (配乐) will follow this year. In America, works by Shakespeare and Jane Austin have already been released with music and background noise so that, for example, readers can hear tea cups hitting each other in Mr Darcy’s garden as they read Pride and Prejudice. Supporters argue that sound effects are the next logical development for ebooks and will add excitement for younger readers. Critics, however, will argue that the noises will ruin the simple pleasure of enjoying the imagination required to read a book. Caroline Michel, chief executive of the literary agency PFD, said the new generation of readers was used to multiple sensory input. She said, “Concentration now is such that people have split computer screens where they may be watching television and replying to an email at the same time. If that’s what the market wants then we should respond to the market.” Booktrack’s sound effects work by figuring out the user’s reading speed. Each time you “turn” a page, the software reassesses where you have reached in the text and times the sounds to switch on accordingly. If the soundtrack is not in agreement with the words, a click on any word will re-set it. Some authors fear a soundtrack could destroy the peace and quiet of libraries and ruin the pleasure of reading. David Nicholls, author of One Day, said, “This sounds like the opposite of reading. I have enough trouble reading an ebook because I’m constantly disturbed by emails and so I’ve given up on it for the time being.” Stuart MacBride, the crime writer whose novel Shatter the Bones was an ebook bestseller, sells 18% of his books as electronic downloads. He said, “If I’m reading, I will do the noises in my head. I don’t need someone to tell me what cutting a tree sounds like. That would upset me.” 1．In whose ebook can we hear the sound of a specific weather condition? A．Conan Doyle’s. B．Shakespeare’s. C．Salman Rushdie’s. D．Rudyard Kipling’s. 2．What does Caroline Michel think of multimedia books? A．They go against human nature. B．They have an unpredictable future. C．They are in line with market trends. D．They may inspire readers’ imagination. 3．What’s Stuart MacBride’s attitude to soundtracks? A．Indifferent. B．Disapproving. C．Appreciative. D．Disrespectful. 4．How does the author develop the text? A．By presenting different opinions. B．By telling his personal experiences. C．By giving scientific research results. D．By comparing various types of ebooks. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 【分析】本文是一篇议论文。本文论述了对于电子书是否有配乐现象两种不同的态度。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“The noises in the first multimedia books include rain hitting a window in one of Conan Doyle’s Sherlock Holmes tales.（第一批多媒体书籍中的声音包括柯南·道尔的《夏洛克·福尔摩斯故事》中雨打在窗户上的声音）”可知，我们可以在Conan Doyle的电子书中听到特定天气状况的声音。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“If that’s what the market wants then we should respond to the market.（如果这是市场想要的，那么我们应该对市场做出反应）”可知，卡洛琳·米歇尔认为多媒体书籍符合市场趋势。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段Stuart MacBride说的话“If I’m reading, I will do the noises in my head. I don’t need someone to tell me what cutting a tree sounds like. That would upset me.（如果我在读书，我就会在脑子里想象出声音。我不需要别人告诉我砍树是什么声音。那会让我心烦意乱的）”可推断，斯图尔特·麦克布莱德对配乐的态度是不赞成的。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据第二段“Supporters argue that sound effects are the next logical development for ebooks and will add excitement for younger readers. Critics, however, will argue that the noises will ruin the simple pleasure of enjoying the imagination required to read a book.（支持者认为，声音效果是电子书的下一个合理发展，将增加年轻读者的兴奋感。然而，批评人士会认为，噪音会破坏享受阅读所需的想象力的简单乐趣）”及全文可推断，本文通过陈述对电子书是否有配乐的不同态度而展开的。故选A。 Passage 22 （18-19高二下·黑龙江·阶段练习）American writer and former president of Marvel Comics, Stan Lee, has died at the age of 95. The legendary comic book author died at Cedars Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, according to a family lawyer. Lee was born in 1922 to working-class Jewish immigrants from Romania. He began working at the comics section of Timely Publications – a company that would eventually transform into Marvel Comics – and became comic editor there at age 18. At age 40, Lee decided to give up on comics. But his wife Joan urged him to create the characters he always wanted to write as his comic swansong. And in 1961, Lee and artist Jack Kirby created ‘The Fantastic Four’ – fascinating characters with individual personalities and the golden age of comic books began. Many Marvel characters were groundbreaking at the time. For example, Black Panther was the first black superhero featured in a mainstream US comic. Other characters he created include the Ant Man, the X-Men, Iron Man, Captain America and Doctor Strange. In its heyday(鼎盛时期), Marvel sold 50 million copies a year. Lee was also known for appearing as a cameo(配角) in every Marvel film. Fans are very happy to look for Stan Lee in the films and after watching, they will definitely have a discussion online. Celebrities and fans have been sharing across social media how Lee and his work affected them. The CEO of Lee’s Pow! Entertainment, Shane Duffy, called him “a true iconic pioneer with no comparable second”. Hugh Jackman, who played Wolverine in the X-Men films, called Lee a "pioneering force in the superhero universe". Evangeline Lilly, who portrayed Ant Man's superhero partner, the Wasp, also shared his respect on Twitter. Chris Evans, the star of Captain America, wrote on Twitter: "For decades he provided both young and old with adventure, escape, comfort, confidence, inspiration, strength, friendship and joy. He expressed love and kindness and will leave an unforgettable mark on so, so, so many lives." 1．The underlined word “groundbreaking” in Paragraph 2 is similar to ______. A．outstanding B．pioneering C．approving D．misleading 2．What can be inferred about Stan Lee in Paragraph 2? A．He wanted more people to know him through films. B．He became popular at a very young age. C．Fans of Marvel loved him and the roles he acted. D．His wife urged him to give up comics and begin film creation. 3．Which of the following has played a role in Marvel films? A．Evangeline Lilly B．Iron Man C．Shane Duffy D．Jack Kirby 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．The history of Marvel comics B．The anecdotes of Stan Lee C．The Father of Marvel characters D．The birth of Marvel characters 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国作家、漫威漫画公司前总裁斯坦·李的生平和突出贡献。 1．词义猜测题。根据下文For example, Black Panther was the first black superhero featured in a mainstream US comic. Other characters he created include the Ant Man, the X-Men, Iron Man, Captain America and  Strange. 可知，下文列举的人物黑豹、蚁人、x战警、钢铁侠等都是当时创造出来的，由此可推测出，本句句意应为：许多漫威角色在当时都是开创性的。因此，结合选项，划线词groundbreaking 应为“首创的”意思。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段的Fans are very happy to look for Stan Lee in the films and after watching, they will definitely have a discussion online.可知，粉丝们非常喜欢漫威和他所扮演的角色。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段的Evangeline Lilly, who portrayed Ant Man's superhero partner, the Wasp, also shared his respect on Twitter. 可知，Evangeline Lilly在漫威电影中扮演过角色。故选A。 4．主旨大意。本文介绍了漫画大师漫威漫画公司前总裁斯坦•李，主要是介绍了他创造的一些惊奇漫画人物，因此，结合选项可知，本文的最佳标题是“惊奇漫画人物之父”。故选C。 Passage 23 The theatre changed a lot during Shakespeare’s lifetime. The authorities didn’t like it and didn’t allow acting in the city itself: They thought it had a bad influence on people and kept them from going to church. Queen Elizabeth, on the other hand, loved acting and helped the theatre become popular. The theatre in Shakespeare’s time was full of life. People did not sit all the time and it was not quiet during the performance. The audience could walk around, eat and drink during the play. Theatres were open arenas or playhouses that had room for up to three thousand people. There was almost no scenery because the dialogue was the most important part of the play. Colourful and well-designed costumes were very important and told the people about the status of a character. Women never performed in plays, so young boys played female characters. The performances took place in the afternoon because it was too dark at night. There was no stage crew as there is today. Actors had to do everything themselves—from making costumes to setting the stage. Plays were organized by acting companies. They performed about 6 different plays each week because they needed money to survive. They had almost no time to rehearse (排练). The companies in Shakespeare’s time had a rank system. The company belonged to shareholders and managers. They were responsible for everything and got most of the money when the company was successful. Sometimes they even owned their own buildings. Actors worked for the managers and after some time became a permanent member of the company. Apprentices(学徒) were young boys and were allowed to act in unimportant roles. They also played female characters in plays. 1．Why was the theatre banned by the authorities? A．It was more different than before. B．They thought it affected people negatively. C．They thought it kept people going to church. D．The queen didn’t like it. 2．What does the underlined word “arenas” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Stages. B．Stores. C．Companies. D．Playgrounds. 3．What do we know about the actors? A．They could drink during the play. B．Women had to perform in plays. C．They had stage crew to help them. D．They were too busy to practice. 4．What is the author’s purpose of writing the text? A．To remember Shakespeare. B．To show his love of Shakespeare’s plays. C．To introduce theatres in Shakespeare’s time. D．To discuss the company’s rank system. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了莎士比亚时期剧院的特点，以及莎士比亚时期剧院和现今剧院的不同之处。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The authorities didn’t like it and didn’t allow acting in the city itself: They thought it had a bad influence on people and kept them from going to church.(当权者不喜欢戏剧，也不允许在城市里表演：他们认为这对人们有不好的影响，阻止他们去教堂。)”可知，当权者禁止人们去剧院是因为他们认为剧院对人们有坏的影响。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。分析可知，“or”为并列连词，划线单词所在短语“open arenas”应是与后文“playhouses that had room for up to three thousand people(可容纳三千人的剧场)”为近义表达，即，可以容纳很多人的开阔表演场地，由此可推知，“arenas”应是“表演场地”或“舞台”含义。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第五段内容“Actors had to do everything themselves—from making costumes to setting the stage. Plays were organized by acting companies. They performed about 6 different plays each week because they needed money to survive. They had almost no time to rehearse (排练). (演员们从制作服装到设置舞台，一切都得靠自己。戏剧是由表演公司组织的。他们每周演出6出不同的戏，因为他们需要钱来维持生计。他们几乎没有时间排练)”可知，当时的演员除了表演还要做很多其他的工作，每周演出比较多，以至于忙到没有时间排练。故选D。 4．推理判断题。通读文章可知，文章首句揭示了本文的话题“The theatre changed a lot during Shakespeare’s lifetime.(在莎士比亚的一生中，剧院发生了很大的变化。)”，并在后文段落详细讲述了莎士比亚时代的戏剧表演的情况和当时演员的状况，由此可推知，文章的写作目的在于介绍莎士比亚时代的剧院。故选C。 Passage 24 Royal Albert Hall Erie Clapton returns to the Royal Albert Hall next May, marking his only UK shows in 2021. Clapton’s career as a professional musician has seen him create an abundance of records with numerous bands. Time: May to July- the first Tuesday and the first Sunday per month. Starts: 7:30 pm. There is a ticket limit of six tickets per household. Call 472-556 for more information. http://www.royalalberthall.com Concertgebouw Hall It goes without saying that the Concertgebouw and jazz and pop music make a perfect combination. The stages of both the Main Hall and the Recital Hall have borne witness to nearly the whole of jazz history. Note: Concerts until December 31, 2020 do not have assigned seating due to our COVID-19 measures. Staff members will show you to your seats. For the Main Hall you can choose in which section you would like to sit: balcony, stage or orchestra. A free schedule of events is available by calling the box office at 488-576 for more information. http://www.concertgebouw.com Boston Symphony Orchestra The Boston Symphony Orchestra is pleased to present Encore BSO Recitals, a colorful and wide-ranging online concert series spotlighting 50 musicians of the Boston Symphony Orchestra. It will give viewers a rare opportunity to experience the individual attraction of many of the musicians who make up the world-known ensemble(乐团). Video streams begin on Thursdays at noon Eastern Time. A donation of S25 or more will give you access to all nine videos in the series. http://www.boston.com Carnegie Hall Pianist Jonathan Biss 2021 master class focuses on the late solo works of Beethoven, Brahms, and Schubert - a fascinating journey for the six young pianists who participate. Biss hosts this program-which also includes an interaction between performers and audience. Students with L.D．cards can attend the events for free. Phone: 654-112. 1．How many performances will Eric Clapton give in Royal Albert Hall in 2021? A．2 B．4 C．6 D．8 2．What can you learn from the passage? A．A family cannot purchase more than six tickets to Eric Clapton’s performances in the Royal Albert Hall. B．Visitors can enjoy the performance for free in Concertgebouw Hall by calling 488-576 in advance. C．The Boston Symphony Orchestra will present Encore BSO Recitals in a concert hall in Boston. D．Pianist Jonathan Biss will play the solo works and host a performer-audience interaction in Carnegie Hall. 3．All the performances introduced above_______ A．offer free tickets B．have a ticket limit C．have the theme of music D．are performed by famous bands 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个音乐厅以及在这四个音乐厅要举办的音乐会的相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据Royal Albert Hall部分“Time: May to July—the first Tuesday and the first Sunday per month.”(时间：5月到7月——每月第一个星期二和第一个星期天。)可知，5月至7月每个月都有两场表演，总计六场。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据Royal Albert Hall部分“There is a ticket limit of six tickets per household.”(每个家庭有六张票的限制。)可知，一个家庭不能在Royal Albert Hall购买超过六张票。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。通读全文，文章介绍了四个音乐厅，四个音乐厅都与音乐有关，所以以上介绍的所有表演都以音乐为主题。故选C项。 话题5 科学与技术 Passage 25 （23-24高二上·重庆·阶段练习）With greater attention paid to our mental health, we need more chances to pour out our anxieties. But talking to an adult about feelings can be an uneasy experience for children and adolescents. With this in mind, a recent study from the University of Cambridge tested a robot’s effectiveness in determining children’s well-being. The study involved 28 children between the ages of 8 and 13 and their parents or guardians completing a well-being questionnaire focused on the young individuals. Then a human-like robot asked the young participants open-ended questions about happy and sad memories over the last week and had them respond to prompts (提示) around pictures. The parents or guardians and research team members observed the interaction from a separate room. Children with mental well being issues were likelier to divulge the extent of these problems while talking to$ 专题02 阅读理解6大常考话题 话题1 环境与保护 Passage 1-6 话题2 做人与做事 Passage 7-12 话题3 生活与学习 Passage 13-17 话题4 文学与艺术 Passage 18-24 话题5 科学与技术 Passage 25-30 话题6运动与健康 Passage 31-35 话题1 环境与保护 Passage 1 （21-22高二下·广西河池·阶段练习）Sea life near Turkey is being threatened by a layer of brown foam on the ocean s surface. The actual name for the foam is mucilage (黏液). Scientists first noticed and described mucilage in 2007, when it was found near Turkey. Then, it was also found in other parts of the Aegean Sea, near Greece. This year’s outbreak of mucilage is the worst ever recorded. It’s been developing for seven months and is now covering large parts of the Sea of Marmara. The Sea of Marmara is an “inland sea”, surrounded by land belonging to Turkey, and connected to the Aegean Sea and the Black Sea. There are many different kinds of algae (海藻), and it’s natural and normal for algae to grow in the ocean or in other bodies of water. But when there is lots of food for the algae, and other conditions are just right, there can be “an algae bloom” which results in algae growing quickly and in huge numbers And in very bad situations, mucilage is the result. There are two main causes for the present outbreak of mucilage. One is the heavy pollution sewage, fertilizers, and other chemicals- flowing into the Sea of Marmara. The second cause is higher water temperatures because of climate change. The mucilage causes problems in lots of different ways. For one thing, by covering the ocean’s surface, it stops sunlight from reaching all the sea life below. “This mucilage is now covering the sea surface like a tent canvas,” says Muharrem Balci, who teaches biology at Istanbul University. Because there is so much algae, it takes up lots of oxygen from the seawater. That means that there’s very little oxygen left for the other sea creatures that depend on it. The BBC reports that divers in the area are seeing large numbers of dying fish. After a while, the mucilage falls to the bottom of the ocean, where it covers the sea floor threatening to poison creatures that live there, like crabs and mussels. This year, the mucilage has been found as deep as 30 meters below the surface. 1．What do we know about mucilage? A．It generally doesn’t last long. B．It had never existed before 2007. C．It is mainly formed in inland seas. D．It was first noticed near Turkey. 2．What does the underlined part “an algae bloom” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．A good harvest of algae. B．The increasing use of algae. C．The explosive growth of algae. D．A continuing popularity of algae. 3．What can be inferred about mucilage from the last paragraph? A．It can greatly threaten sea life. B．It has drawn attention worldwide. C．It will lead to food shortages for humans. D．It benefits some sea creatures but harms others. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．New kinds of algae are found in Turkey B．Turkey’s coastal waters are covered with mucilage C．Marmara has seen an increase in water temperatures D．Endangered sea creatures in Marmara have been protected Passage 2 More than 100 million hectares of healthy and productive land was lost every year between 2015 and 2019, according to new data released by the UN this month, which shows land degradation is accelerating (加速) across all regions of the world. Barron Joseph Orr, chief scientist at the UNCCD, says governments must put a stop on land conversion (转变) in order to meet global land targets. In 2022, 196 countries together committed to restoring 1 billion hectares of land by 2030. “But the reality is that these numbers are suggesting that we will have to go full-bore on those one billion hectares of commitments and stop land conversion,” he says. “On one side, the numbers are telling us we’re going in the wrong direction,” Orr tells SciDev. Net, “On the other, there are also numbers that suggest that we can turn this. But it will mean a need to translate the commitments into actions on the ground,” he adds. Multiple factors lead to land degradation, but mismanagement or over-exploitation (开发) of land is a major contributor as growing demand for food, fuel and so on. Consumption is the underlying driver behind much of what we see in the landscape, Orr explains. “The clothes we are wearing today are probably contributing to land degradation somewhere else,” he says. “Eastern and Central Asia regions are experiencing the most severe degradation,” says Orr, “while Sub-Saharan Africa, Western and Southern Asia also experienced land degradation at rates faster than the global average.” Globally, up to 40 percent of land is now degraded, according to the UNCCD．However, it says the data reveals some encouraging “bright spots”. Investments from the Global Environment Facility, the Green Fund, and a number of banks have started to turn global commitments into action. Africa’s Great Green Wall — an initiative to increase the amount of farmable lan — -aims to restore 100 million hectares of degraded land by 2030. Similar initiatives are underway in Southern Africa. “So, the train is in the right direction,” says Orr. “But now I’m going to speak frankly: it is not enough... We need to accelerate that translation of commitments into action.” 1．What does the underlined phrase “go full-bore” in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．Make slow progress. B．Invest carefully. C．Act with full effort. D．Reduce expenses. 2．What is the main cause of land degradation according to Orr? A．Natural disasters in Asia. B．Expansion of rural roads. C．Misuse and overuse of land. D．Lack of international cooperation. 3．What is Orr’s attitude toward the current global efforts to restore land? A．Critical. B．Dissatisfied. C．Indifferent. D．Guarded. 4．What is the main idea of the text? A．International aid has failed to restore farmland. B．Environmental damage in Asia is beyond repair. C．Technology offers a perfect solution to land issues. D．Global land degradation is worsening but can be restored. Passage 3 As you're packing up your Christmas decorations, you might be wondering which type of tree is actually better for the environment; a real one or a synthetic (合成的) one made out of plastic? While the answer isn't as simple as you might think, one has slight advantages over the other. Obviously, trees are good for the environment as they capture CO2, and store it inside of their branches, needles, and also roots. Christmas trees are the same. Christmas tree farming could actually have environmental benefits that you might not have thought of. It takes 10 years for Christmas trees to grow up to 6 feet. Over this decade, the trees house animals and also absorb CO from the atmosphere. However, the way Christmas trees are planted can be difficult, especially when pesticides are used a lot and taking into consideration the fact that natural ecosystems (生态系统) are cleared out in order to make room for Christmas tree plantations. If you prefer to have a real tree, you'd better find a local source in order to avoid shipping, which causes more carbon emissions (排放) . It's also really important to deal with them properly. If trees end up in landfills, they will have a negative environmental impact. The best way to deal with them is to cut them up and recycle them as wood chippings (木屑) . So what about those synthetic trees? Of course, they can be used again and again year after year, but their major disadvantage is that they are typically made of PVC, which happens to be one of the most damaging plastics. It can also produce poisonous pollution, end up in animals' bodies and even affect all up and down the food chain. It is also quite difficult to recycle. So who's the winner? It seems that getting a real tree is surprisingly the better deal for the environment. Meanwhile, make sure you deal with it properly once the holiday season is over. 1．What can we know about real Christmas trees from the text? A．They are very difficult to find. B．They can be recycled year after year. C．They are damaged by too many pests D．They have more positive environmental impacts. 2．What should you do if you prefer to have a real tree? A．Pack it up when shipping. B．Deal with it correctly. C．Make it end up in the landfills. D．Find a reliable source to get one. 3．What's the author's attitude to synthetic trees? A．Favorable. B．Satisfied. C．Objective. D．Sensitive. 4．Why does the author write this text? A．To give ways of Christmas trees planting. B．To tell how to protect natural ecosystems. C．To offer suggestions on how to decorate Christmas trees. D．To show which Christmas tree is more environmentally-friendly. Passage 4 Fikiri Kiponda’s path from accountant to marine (海洋的) conservationist was sparked by a chance encounter. After securing his dream job, Kiponda decided he wanted more. He wasn’t quite sure what he was looking for until he ran across some turtle hatchlings. He didn’t know it was turtle. Fortunately enough he got the right person to ask and he got motivated. That person was Nkindi, a staff member at the Watamu Conservation project who later invited him to volunteer on the project. He later left his accounting job and fully devoted himself into the world of sea turtles. Now, he runs and spends his time nursing critically endangered sea turtles back to health. Sea turtles have been around for nearly 110 million years and are now considered highly endangered. Their preservation rests on activities of conservationists such as Kiponda as these turtles face numerous threats and signs of their extinction in the next 50 years. Local fishermen traditionally catch them to supplement their own low catch rates and sell them for their oil. As changes are made to accommodate more hotels for tourists, there is less available beach land for turtle nesting. Kiponda’s passion has now spread to his community, changing their attitude towards sea life preservation with his “by-catch release programme.” Through this program, fishermen are now paid for returning turtles accidentally caught in their fishing nets. The healthy ones are tagged and released into the marine park while he takes care of sick and injured turtles back to health. Before the launch of pioneering spirit like this, turtles caught by fishermen were used for their meat and their oil extracted (提炼) for its medicinal properties. “Releasing the turtle back into the ocean is a very good feeling, like, you feel like you’ve done something concrete and I guess everybody would love to do that...so I guess it’s unique work.” 1．What was Fikiri Kiponda’s dream job according to the text? A．An accountant. B．A marine conservationist. C．A guide to the Watamu Conservation Project. D．An advocate for turtles. 2．What may be the main threat to the turtles? A．The rising sea level. B．Being caught by tourists. C．Overdevelopment in the tourism. D．The reduction in their nesting place. 3．Which of the following words can best describe Fikiri Kiponda? A．Energetic but conservative. B．Enthusiastic and caring. C．Arbitrary but considerate. D．Ambitious and knowledgeable. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．The man saving endangered sea turtles. B．An unique job of protecting sea turtles. C．A pioneer project protecting sea animals. D．The current situation faced by sea turtles. Passage 5 The results of failing to keep the world’s temperature down are beginning to show.Extreme weather events are likely to become more frequent, and the world’s peoples and their governments are being urged to do more to handle climate change. Ma Jun, director of the Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs, an environmental group in Beijing, said the consensus among scientists now is that “climate change has resulted in an increase in extreme weather events across the globe, including temperature extremes, heavy rains, river floods, droughts, storms, as well as compound events”. Over the past few years heat waves have occurred in places that had previously enjoyed mild weather, higher temperatures have occurred in normally colder regions, and places that are hot are now frequently enduring wildfires, he said, citing a report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) that includes a whole chapter on weather extremes. The IPCC AR6 Synthesis Report said it is an“established fact”that human-caused greenhouse gas emissions have led to an increased frequency of some weather and climate extremes since preindustrial times. The global surface temperature is now about 1.09C higher than in the preindustrial period(1850-1900), with stronger warming over land (1.59 C) than over oceans. Extreme weather events have continued to hit the glebe this year and have killed many people, disrupted (扰乱) the lives of millions and disrupted production. In Europe, after a summer of extremely high temperatures, violent thunderstorms and hurricane-force winds have hit the continent, leaving at least 13 people dead in Austria, France and Italy by Friday, authorities said. The Netherlands is one of many European countries that have suffered drought this summer, bringing water shortages in the low-lying country as inland rivers and lakes have fallen to historically low levels. 1．What is the consensus among scientist? A．Increased extreme weather events resulted from climate change. B．There will be more extreme weather events in the near future. C．The government are to blame for the increased extreme weather. D．The government should reach a consensus on climate change. 2．What can we conclude from the third paragraph? A．People in tropical areas will have to endure more wildfires. B．Places enjoying mild weather will always have heat waves. C．Cold regions normally have experienced higher temperatures. D．The IPCC report places great emphasis on weather extremes. 3．How do you understand“an established fact”mentioned by the IPCC? A．It means the fact has to be proved through experiments. B．It means the fact has been agreed on commonly by scientists. C．The fact is that green gas is to blame for more extreme events. D．Scientists have to establish the fact by doing more experiments. 4．What might be the best title of the article? A．An SOS Goes out as Globe Burns and Drowns B．More Disasters will Happen around the World C．The Global Surface Temperature is Higher than Ever D．Governments are being Urged to Do More Passage 6 A young man wandered through the desert for forty until he reached a beautiful castle at the top of a mountain. There lived the sage that he was looking for. With considerable patience, the sage listened attentively to the reason for the boy’s visit, but told him that at that moment he did not have time to explain to him the secret of happiness. He suggested that the young man take a walk around his palace and come back in two hours’ time. “However, I want to ask you a favor,” he added, handing the boy a teaspoon, in which he poured two drops of oil. “While you walk, carry this spoon and don’t let the oil spill.” The young man began to climb up and down the palace staircases, always keeping his eyes fixed on the spoon. At the end of two hours he returned to the presence of the wise man. “So,” asked the sage, “did you see the Persian tapestries hanging in my dining room? Did you see the fantastic garden that the Master of Gardeners spent ten years in creating?” Embarrassed, the young man admitted that he had seen nothing. “So, go back and see the wonders of my world,” said the wise man. “You can’t trust a man if you don’t know his house.” Now more at ease, the young man took the spoon and wandered again through the palace, this time paying attention to all the works of art that hung from the ceilings and walls. He saw the gardens, the mountains all around the palace, and the delicacy of the flowers. Returning to the sage, he reported in detail what he had seen. “But where are the two drops of oil that I entrusted to you?” asked the Sage. Looking down at the spoon, the young man realized that he had spilled the oil. “Well, that is the only advice I have to give you,’’ said the sage of sages. “The secret of happiness lies in looking at all the wonders of the world and never forgetting the two drops of oil in the spoon.” 1．What was the intention of the young man to travel to look for the sage? A．To appreciate the most beautiful scenery along the way B．To learn the secret of happiness from the wisest man C．To figure out whether the sage was knowledgeable or not D．To experience adventures of the outside world 2．Which of the following statements is wrong? A．The sage listened to the young man with patience. B．During his second round of wandering, the young man appreciated the wonders of the castle. C．The young man made it as the sage had expected. D．The young man was too concerned about the oil when he first went around the castle. 3．Why did the sage ask the young man to go around his castle with a spoon of two drops of oil? A．Because he wanted to help the young man to uncover the secret of happiness in an indirect way B．Because he intended to let the young man know that happiness came at a price C．Because he wanted to let the young man trust him D．Because he wanted to find out whether the young man was perseverant in accomplishing his goals 4．What can we learn from the story? A．We can t trust a man unless we get familiar with his house. B．It’s not easy to keep balance between enjoyment and commitment. C．The search for the secret of happiness demands our devotion. D．Real happiness consists in enjoying our rights and meanwhile fulfilling our duties. 话题2 做人与做事 Passage 7 （22-23高一下·河南·期中）“Can we look at the school supplies while we’re here?” my daughter, Julia, asked during a trip to the store. My favorite school-supply item is the daily planner because I struggle with organization. I always dream that the perfect planner will somehow cure me of my delay and turn my life into a paradise (乐园) of order and productivity. The list of habits I wanted to develop was long. Exercising regularly. Drinking more water. Clearing a junk drawer or closet each week. Reading more books and watching less TV. Delaying less on work deadlines. Spending more time with each of my kids and reaching out to family and friends more often. Making special meals, and doing other things to make my loved ones feel loved. Over the next few days, I was able to check off several items on my habit tracker. I was pleased with the progress, but I hadn’t done much with the habits intended to improve my relationships with others. I tried to put more focus on those habits. One morning, I opened my planner and realized that it was Julia’s. The first task was “Write in my gratitude journal.” The second one was “Do something nice for someone else.” Julia was a busy college student. How did she find time to keep a journal and do random acts of kindness? When I asked her about it, she said, “Those two habits go together. Writing in my gratitude journal makes me want to do nice things for other people.” “What a wonderful thing to do!” I said, “I love that your gratitude fuels your acts of kindness.” I took a plain notebook and wrote, “I’m thankful for...” I prepared my husband’s favorite dinner, sent an encouraging text to a friend, and baked another batch of cookies for Julia to share with her friends. 1．Why does the author like the planner most? A．She often used it while being a teacher. B．She wants to keep her life organized. C．She is a person of doing things in order. D．She tends to focus on working effectively. 2．What is the main idea of paragraph 2? A．The various arrangements the author had a day. B．The constant changes the author made in life. C．The good habits the author wanted to develop. D．The different things the author delayed doing. 3．What habits did the author want to put more focus on after the progress? A．Doing more exercise every day. B．Completing her tasks in time. C．Keeping a balanced diet for her health. D．Building more close bonds with others. 4．What did the author learn from Julia? A．Gratitude can fuel kindness. B．Love is endless in a family. C．Blessing comes from nowhere. D．Generosity is actually a virtue. Passage 8 （2024·山东聊城·二模）It wasn’t until I got into college and took a class on creative writing that I began to trust my own madness. The professor encouraged us to color outside the lines and trust our abilities as a writer. We had weekly sessions where we read each other’s work and had to give constructive criticism. On our first assignment, I struggled with getting my ideas onto paper. I knew that kind of story I wanted to tell, but as a reserved young man, I was terrified of judgement from my peers. I was afraid they would think my writing was too dark or really messed up. But finally, after spending hours thinking of making the writing more socially acceptable, I decided to write it like I felt it. In the next critique session, I was shocked at the reaction from my peers. There was some constructive criticism, which really helped me improve, but overall, they loved how realistic and convincing my writing was. At the end of the class, the professor asked me if she could use my assignment as a sample for her other classes to know that they can trust their own madness with their writing. For the final we had a huge paper for which we had to write on Henry V. The professor encouraged me to write it in the voice I had developed in the creative writing class, so I did. The consequence was that she called it a graduate level paper and asked to use it as another sample. That year I ended up winning a writing award. I also entered a writing contest online and out of hundreds of entries, got an honorable mention. And that was when I decided to have a shot at fiction. 1．What does the underlined phrase “color outside the lines” mean in the first paragraph? A．Stress the words. B．Generate new ideas. C．Add color to the lines. D．Take risks. 2．What happened with the author’s first assignment? A．He messed it up. B．He didn’t know how to do it. C．He felt insecure about it. D．He adjusted it in an acceptable way. 3．What can we know from paragraph 3? A．His peers thought his writing was persuasive. B．His peers criticized his writing style. C．The professor asked him to teach others to write. D．His writing reached graduate level. 4．What was the secret of the author’s success in writing? A．His persistence in writing. B．Trust in his own madness. C．His professor’s encouragement. D．Constructive criticism from his peers. Passage 9 （2025·河南新乡·一模）A beautiful piece of music was playing on the radio. I did not know what it was, and I started listening carefully, but then I noticed my mind wandering as if to own the music. It was like it was not enough for me just to enjoy the moment. I needed to memorize, understand, and analyze what I was hearing to capture that moment. And in doing this, I was no longer enjoying it. What stopped me from enjoying the music? In asking that question, I remembered the humanistic psychologist Erich Fromm. In his classic book To Have or To Be? he wrote about “having” and “being” as two different mindsets or attitudes towards life. Fromm described how having was a dominant cultural mindset and ultimately at the root of many of our personal and social problems. The having mindset is so deeply ingrained within us that it can take over and push our being out of the way. The having mindset raises an essential problem for humanity. Fromm writes about how it comes from our materialistic culture in which having as a mindset is prioritized over a being mindset. It often seems that most of us treat life as if we were just playing a giant game of Monopoly (大富翁) in real time. Who can collect the most wealth and property and exploit (剥削) the other players? It is a game in which we learn to value only what brings us monetary gain. We truly need so little in the way of material things to be contented in life. We need a sense of purpose, meaning, relationships, good health, and the resources to be safe and secure. It feels like we have no choice but to live as if we were the pieces on a Monopoly board. But we can be aware of the choices we make in life and begin to adjust our lives either down the path of having or being. That way, we can learn to enjoy a piece of music without needing to buy it, go for a walk, and appreciate the wildflowers without picking them. 1．What can be inferred about the author from the first paragraph? A．He didn’t like music. B．He liked analyzing music occasionally. C．He failed to enjoy the music. D．He listened to music casually. 2．What does the underlined word “ingrained” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Rooted. B．Affected. C．Imagined. D．Discovered. 3．What’s the author’s attitude towards “having” mindset? A．Interested. B．Opposed. C．Positive. D．Unconcerned. 4．What does the author advise us to do? A．Play the game of Monopoly. B．Change our mindsets in life. C．Aim high and seek your fortune. D．Find life purpose and help others. Passage 10 （22-23高二下·广西柳州·期中）My hands were shaking uncontrollably. I tried incredibly hard to focus on the words that I spent hours putting down on paper. I tried to conquer my fear of speaking in public on numerous occasions throughout my life. During college and at my first few jobs, I would get ridiculously nervous when I had to give a presentation or lead a meeting. Public speaking had been my nemesis for as long as I could remember. Then in my mid-thirties, I decided to join the public speaking group Toastmasters. At every meeting, we were rated and forced to compete with other speakers for an award. You would think that I would walk away from these experiences as a polished speaker, but nothing seemed to work. It wasn’t until recently when science and scientific institutions were being attacked for unfair reasons during the pandemic that I decided I must speak out. Science has made this country a place where dreams come true — this is why we all need to protect science. In addition, as a science writer, I try to get readers to understand how science is related to their daily lives. So, I ended up on that frightening stage on that sunny Saturday in April — Earth Day. Despite the body shakes and fear, I persevered. That day, I looked out into the crowd of like-minded science supporters and I felt comfort. Reaching that milestone goal of getting through a speech truly changed me. At almost forty, I learned that passion can set off a flame in my heart to do things I never dreamed possible. The darkness that led to my speech is sure to lead to new opportunities and adventures. 1．Which of the following words can replace the underlined word “nemesis” in Paragraph 1? A．Strength. B．Confusion C．Preference. D．Struggles. 2．What happened to the author when leaving Toastmasters? A．Things got worse for him. B．Nervousness remained with him. C．He became a polished writer. D．He began to feel more competitive. 3．Why did the author want to speak out on Earth Day? A．Because he wanted to rise up to defend his job. B．Because it was a good chance to understand science. C．Because it was a project organized by Toastmasters. D．Because he couldn’t have people attacking science. 4．What lesson did the author draw from his successful speech? A．Frustration can be a stepping stone to success. B．Love motivates us to achieve the unachievable. C．Science can lead us to make wonderful changes. D．Any difficulty can be overcome with great effort. Passage 11 （24-25高二上·贵州贵阳·阶段练习）I started earning money as an apprentice at a printing factory, sweeping the floors until I met my life changing mentor at the age of 19. It completely changed the way I think about and do things, and so I finished my apprenticeship and started working in sales. I won a business scholarship at 22 and built up my name in sales. I’ve always been super-disciplined and that helped me climb the corporate ladder, very quickly, at a very young age. Since then I’ve become rich beyond my dreams, travelling around the world and making calls to the high-status people to help them dig deep and find their self-belief. From my point of view, there’s nothing stopping any of us from becoming successful, and I truly believe that the biggest problem we face is a lack of self-belief. Education can be an obstacle too, when people know what they want but don’t know how to go about it. To them I would say, really educate yourself about self-improvement and find yourself an accountability buddy (问责伙伴) who can keep you on the straight and narrow. Three months ago I had a business owner come to me in distress. He was about to close his kitchen-making business down and declare bankruptcy so he could go work for his father at his beach hut, which he didn’t want to do. Instead when he heard about me in the media, he told me he was going to give it one last shot, and hired me to work with him mentally to turn things around. Within weeks he’d tripled his income, and things are really looking up. And a lot of people ask me how I get someone to do that. The biggest thing that people really find through me is self-belief. My role is to support them and inspire and motivate them, and show them the possibilities of what can be achieved. 1．What is the author’s occupation now? A．Sales consultant. B．Life-guidance instructor. C．Sales apprentice. D．Discipline maker. 2．If we are stopped from being successful, what suggestion does the author make? A．We know nothing about how to be successful. B．We had better become an accountability buddy. C．We need to improve ourselves through education. D．We must seek advice from a life coach. 3．Why the experience of the distressed business owner and author was mentioned? A．To show the danger of doing business. B．To prove the correctness of his life choice. C．To explain the necessity of conducting the job. D．To give an example of how the author’s job works. 4．Which could be the suitable title of the passage? A．Life is a process full of challenges. B．Self-discipline is a cure of distressed. C．Achievement comes with self-belief. D．Nothing could stop your dreams. Passage 12 （22-23高二·全国·课后作业）I started out my career as an editor for a travel magazine. I didn’t really mind the work, but I wanted something more challenging. My sister sent me some details about a content management position in a digital reading company. The job was a seemingly perfect mix of my skills and interests, so I jumped at it. However, soon after I joined the company, its model changed to focusing on education, and everything about my position changed. I was asked to take on the completely different roles of selling the products to teachers and training people. I had no experience in sales, training or education. On top of that, I’m an introvert (内向的人). I felt more than a little outside my comfort zone. I knew I wanted to grow as an individual and make a serious impact on the company. I told myself that everything felt overwhelming at first and I should at least try. In a way, I felt like I didn’t have a choice. I knew jumping out of the nest was the right thing for me, even though it felt pretty awful. I was fortunate to be surrounded by very helpful people, both at work and at home. My best friend reminded me that I had taken huge leaps of faith in the past and told me I would pull through just fine. It also helped that my boss seemed to have more faith in my capabilities than I did. She never asked if I thought I could do it; she only asked if I was interested in trying. I spent hours researching my company’s products. I asked lots of questions and spoke to so many teachers and there were soon more good experiences than difficult ones. I looked for opportunities to put in extra effort. The more I did, the better I felt. Over time, I discovered that the job was something I could do and liked doing. It was incredibly rewarding to see the company grow and know that I had something to do with its success. Sure, I made mistakes and took on more than I could handle. But I also learned that it’s important to take risks and accept new opportunities, even when you’re not sure whether you’ll do well. I don’t think there’s anything worse than failing because you refuse to even try. I’m so glad I tried, and know I’ll do it again. 1．Why did the author change her job? A．She was not satisfied with her salary. B．She got bored with the editing job. C．She found a job that seemed perfect for her. D．She was introduced to the new company. 2．What happened after the author joined the new company? A．She quickly got used to the new position. B．She wanted to quit because of the great pressure. C．The boss thought she was unsuitable for her post. D．Her new duties pushed her to explore her full ability. 3．How did the author finally manage to handle her job? A．She always had faith in her abilities. B．Her boss guided her in her work step by step. C．She made every effort to improve her work with the help of others. D．Her colleagues offered to take on some of her tasks. 4．The author wrote this article mainly to ________. A．warn readers about the risks of changing jobs B．give advice on how to step out of one’s comfort zone C．show off the success she has achieved D．share the lessons she has learned from her progress 话题3 生活与学习 Passage 13 Dancers Wanted for Our School’s 50th AnniversaryTo celebrate our school’s 50th anniversary (周年纪念日), we are going to choose a number of dancers. Come and show yourself at 9:30 a.m. this Friday in the concert hall. Shining ClubWe have all kinds of clay figurine (泥塑) works for you. You can learn about Chinese traditional art from them. Create your own figurine and take it home. TIME: 9:00 a.m. next Wednesday PLACE: Room A201 Join Us!We are Heart Beat. We have a pianist, a guitarist and a drummer (鼓手). We need YOU to sing with us. Join us at 4:00 p.m. this Tuesday in the school music hall. Let’s play wonderful music together! Famous Environmentalist to Give a TalkAir pollution is causing more and more problems. What can we do? A well-known environmentalist will come to our school and give a talk. Come to know more and take action! TIME: 3:30 p.m.-5:30 p.m. next Thursday PLACE: Hall 2 1．What is special about Shining Club? A．It offers chances to music fans. B．It requires one to be creative. C．It provides prizes for great works. D．It allows one to come at any time. 2．What is the purpose of the talk given by the environmentalist? A．To teach students how to play music. B．To help students make clay figurines. C．To discuss solutions to air pollution. D．To celebrate the school’s anniversary. 3．Where can we probably read the text? A．On a school notice board. B．In a city guidebook. C．On a community website. D．In a local newspaper. Passage 14 Understanding Your Grade in Math Electives （2025·福建福州·一模）Your final grade in this math elective reflects your overall proficiency across several key mathematical skills essential for success in advanced mathematics. The assessment focuses on four main areas, each contributing a specific portion to your final mark (note: exact percentages may be adjusted by your instructor). This ensures the evaluation aligns closely with the intended outcomes. • Part 1: Conceptual Understanding & Knowledge (40%): This evaluates your deep grasp of fundamental theories, definitions, and core principles. Excellence requires demonstrating genuine comprehension, making insightful connections between topics, and moving beyond simple recall to show true mastery of the subject matter. • Part 2: Problem Solving & Application (30%): Assesses your ability to select and execute (执行) effective strategies, perform accurate and efficient calculations, and apply concepts to solve both standard exercises and novel problems. The logical process you use and your verification (核查) of results are critically important factors. • Part 3: Mathematical Reasoning & Communication (20%): Measures the clarity, logical flow, and precision of your explanations (whether written or verbal). Using correct lingoes (术语) and structuring solutions with meticulous care is essential for high performance in demonstrating sound mathematical argumentation. • Part 4: Professionalism (10%): Considers consistent preparation for class, punctuality (准时) in attendance, timely submission of all assigned work, and active, constructive participation. Sustained engagement throughout the course contributes positively to this aspect of your grade. Your performance will be evaluated through exams, quizzes, homework, projects, and participation. Specific assignment expectations will be provided. Grades listed on the report are based on a 100-point scale and the bonus points are added to the total score after weighting. For any questions regarding specific assignment expectations or your performance, please click here to contact your instructor directly. 1．What grade will Sue get in the end referring to the report below? Sue’s Elective Math Grade Report Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Part 4 NOTES 90 90 80 100 Special Bonus: +3 A．89. B．90. C．92. D．93. 2．Which of the following is critical for higher grades? A．Recall all of the topics. B．Address familiar problems. C．Accurate use of terms. D．Unprepared presentations or essays. 3．Where is this text probably taken from? A．A freshman brochure. B．A college official website. C．An education magazine. D．An advertisement. Passage 15 A notable study by Princeton University and UCLA researchers explores how note-taking methods affect academic performance, finding that handwritten note-takers consistently outperform laptop users in exams.​ The study included 150 undergraduates split into two groups, both attending 45-minute lectures on introductory psychology and astrophysics — subjects blending facts and reasoning. One group used notebooks, the other laptops with no note-taking restrictions.​ Post-lecture results were clear: handwritten note-takers scored 18% higher on comprehension questions and 12% higher on recall tasks. A week later, for long-term retention, the gap grew to 23%, showing deeper processing.​ Researchers point to differing cognitive processes. Handwriting’s slower pace demands active synthesis: filtering key ideas, rephrasing concepts, and linking new info to existing knowledge — strengthening memory pathways. Laptop users often transcribe verbatim (一字不差地), engaging in “shallow processing” without parsing meaning.​ Notably, note length didn’t correlate with performance; top-scoring handwritten notes were concise, focusing on core principles. This highlights the quality of engagement over quantity.​ These findings matter for education. With digital tools prevalent, educators might encourage handwritten notes for complex subjects, using laptops for rapid data entry. Ultimately, the study emphasizes that learning flourishes in active, mindful engagement, not passive consumption. 1．What is the main finding of the study by Princeton University and UCLA researchers? A．Laptop note-takers write longer notes than handwritten note-takers. B．Handwritten note-takers perform better in exams than laptop users. C．Note-taking methods have no significant effect on academic performance. D．Students prefer digital note-taking tools over traditional notebooks. 2．What subjects were included in the lectures for the study? A．Introductory psychology and astrophysics B．Mathematics and computer science C．History and literature D．Biology and chemistry 3．Why do handwritten note-takers achieve better results according to the researchers? A．They write more detailed notes. B．They can review notes more easily. C．They engage in active synthesis of information. D．They spend more time on note-taking during lectures. 4．What does the study emphasize about effective learning? A．Using digital tools for all types of note-taking B．Writing as many notes as possible during lectures C．Active and mindful engagement rather than passive consumption D．Focusing on recall tasks rather than comprehension questions Passage 16 College professors these days face an ever-higher bar to grab the attention of their students. Yet, Tatiana Erukhimova, who teaches physics at Texas A&M University in the USA, has managed to get her students excited about science. Known as “Dr. Tatiana”, the professor performs physics tricks with boundless energy and enthusiasm. Videos of her theatrical demonstrations have racked up hundreds of millions of views across social media platforms. In the videos, Erukhimova uses a range of everyday objects in her experiments, from ping pong balls and toilet paper to bicycle wheels and hair dryers. It’s clear she knows what it takes to get young people excited about a hard science. But it isn’t always that way. When she first started teaching college freshman classes almost two decades ago, she struggled to grab the attention of her younger students. She was used to teaching juniors (大三学生) and found it easier to teach them. “By junior year, students enrolled in physics are determined to learn,” she says. “But when it comes to teaching a large lecture hall of 100-plus first-year students, first impressions are important. Unfortunately, I did not grab their attention—that was my mistakes.” By the second semester, she found her footing, adjusting her approach to make her lecture halls feel smaller and get her students engaged. “Talk to your students before and after class. Walk up and down the stairs when you teach your class rather than stay on the stage,” she says. “And add showy demonstration, which helps students connect the abstract concepts with real life.” Erukhimova has earned more than just recognition on social media. In October 2023, she was honored with a national award for science outreach “for leadership in bringing the excitement of physics through innovative education programs.” 1．What can we infer about Erukhimova from the first two paragraphs? A．She likes to play a trick on her students. B．She wants to be popular on social media. C．She excites widespread interest in science. D．She is passionate about making online videos. 2．What’s the probable meaning of the underlined words “racked up” in paragraph 2? A．Gained. B．Controlled. C．Protected. D．Replaced. 3．Why did Erukhimova find it easier to teach juniors? A．Juniors could study entirely on their own. B．She used simpler teaching methods for juniors. C．She didn’t have to worry about first impressions. D．Juniors showed a higher level of commitment to learning. 4．How did Erukhimova find her footing in the second semester? A．By improving her communication skills. B．By following a traditional teaching method. C．By reducing the number of students in the class. D．By making herself approachable and her teaching engaging. Passage 17 （24-25高一下·北京怀柔·期末）A quiet space is often considered essential for achieving the concentration that leads to academic success. But research shows that some students may benefit from breaking the silence with certain kinds of music while they study. Music has a powerful influence on both the body and the brain, in ways that can help students navigate the physical and emotional barriers that come with academic challenges. One US study compared students who took a test to soft music with those who took the test under silent conditions. The study found that students taking a test to music not only completed more questions within a set time but also answered more questions correctly. Music has been further linked to improvements in memory and recall. Experts have found that when music stimulates mood and motivation, students are able to learn more and to better demonstrate their knowledge. A bit of mood music affects more than just memory and recall when students hit the books. Music can also relieve stress associated with school. Scientists have learned that music engages the autonomic nervous system, which not only controls the unconscious functions of the body but also influences emotions. So it’s no surprise that researchers from the Group Health Research Institute concluded that certain kinds of background music can be just as effective at reducing stress as a massage. Furthermore, while the brain feels better with music, the body may as well. Research shows that certain types of music can make physical pain feel less intense. What’s more, calming music with a steady, meditative rhythm can help people sleep longer and more deeply. However, some educators express concern that listening to music while trying to concentrate may do more harm than good. Loud music may have a negative influence on a student’s mood or act as a distraction. Actually, the best approach may depend on the students themselves. Listening to music during study time may not mean a guaranteed A for all students, but those who find it helpful should be allowed to plug in their headphones. 1．What does the underlined word “navigate” in the first paragraph probably mean? A．Recognize. B．Overcome. C．Assess. D．Create. 2．What can we learn from this passage? A．Music helps students get rid of physical pain. B．Loud music has the same calming effect as a massage. C．Listening to music makes it easier for students to multitask. D．Music helps students better remember relevant information. 3．The author writes Paragraph 3 mainly to ______. A．present the effects of music on mind and body B．compare the functions of different types of music C．confirm the impacts of music on memory and recall D．give examples of the influences of music on emotions 4．Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? A．The Power of Silence B．Music to a Patient C．The Score to Better Scores D．Road to Academic Success Passage 18 （25-26高二上·全国·课后作业）At thirteen, I was in my secondary school. I was diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD注意缺陷多动障碍). It made school difficult for me. When everyone else in the class was focusing on tasks, I could not. In my first literature class, Mrs. Smith asked us to read a story and then write about it, all within 45 minutes. I raised my hand right away and said, “Mrs. Smith, you see, the doctor said I have attention problems. I might not be able to do it.” She glanced down at me through her glasses, “You are not different from your classmates, young man.” I tried, but I didn’t finish the reading when the bell rang. I got upset. I had to take it home. In the quietness of my bedroom, the story suddenly all became clear to me. It was about a blind person, Louis Braille. He lived in a time when the blind couldn’t get much education. But Louis didn’t give up. Instead, he invented a reading system of raised dots (点), which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind. Wasn’t I the “blind” one in my class, being made to learn like the “sighted” students? My thoughts flowed and my pen started to dance. I completed the task within 40 minutes. Indeed, I was not different from others: I just needed a quieter place. Now that Louis could find his way out of his problems, why should I ever give up? I didn’t expect anything when I handed in my paper to Mrs. Smith, so it was quite a surprise when it came back to me the next day—with an “A” on it. At the bottom of the paper were these words: “See what you can do when you keep trying.” I was grateful to Mrs. Smith. It was she that made me realize that I didn’t lack anything. I am not different from others. 1．Why did the author fail to finish the reading in class? A．He had poor reading skills. B．He was tired of literature. C．He had ADHD． D．He wanted to take the task home. 2．What do we know about Louis Braille from the passage? A．He was nearsighted. B．He was well­-educated. C．He was poor. D．He was very creative. 3．What was Mrs. Smith’s attitude to the author at the end of the story? A．Angry. B．Impatient. C．Supportive. D．Indifferent. 4．What does the passage mainly want to tell us? A．One can find his way out of difficulties with efforts. B．Teachers can open up a new world to students. C．Everyone needs a hand when faced with challenges. D．The blind should be treated with respect. 话题4 文学与艺术 Passage 19 Today, almost everyone has heard of Harry Potter. The books detailing his experiences at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry have aroused passion, creativity, and interest in reading throughout the world. But have you ever considered why you are a fan of the Harry Potter series? JK Rowling has created a list of characters and an environment for them to inhabit that appeals to both adults and children. The fantasy aspect of the wizarding world expands the imagination, and takes the mind to new and exciting places. Anything could happen there. Her stories contain parts of the believable and unbelievable, changing the predictability that readers commonly come across and bear in fiction. The main theme of the series, including good versus evil, prejudice, love, death, sacrifice, friendship and loyalty, in actuality contributes to the ever-lasting nature of the stories. At the same time, these themes remind us of classic literature, offering mature readers tales that wear like a comfortable pair of shoes, while introducing younger readers to concepts they will meet throughout their lives. Much of the appeal also comes from the characters. In each book, JK Rowling introduces and describes the characters in such a way that we wonder not only about their futures, but also about their pasts. Even supporting characters are suddenly more than just extras in the background. And what of Harry Potter himself? We care about Harry, because we watch him grow from an innocent boy to a powerful wizard. We see him as both Hero and Victim. He experiences endless love and extreme pain, and as readers, we experience them with him. This perfect combination of emotion, suspense and fantasy, together with the fact that JK Rowling is a superb storyteller is the reason why we are Harry potter fans. People are fond of Harry Potter series. With books like these, it’s hard not to be. 1．Harry Potter series become popular partly because ____________. A．they remind us of the childhood and environment we had in the past B．they take us to a world beyond our imagination and expectation C．they offer us ever-lasting nature of the stories D．they set an example of hero for us to follow 2．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 6 mean? A．The supporting characters are not necessary in the story. B．Readers care only about Harry but not those supporting characters. C．Even the supporting characters are attractive in the story. D．Those supporting characters only appear all of a sudden. 3．The themes of the Harry Potter series do not contain ____________. A．prejudice and love B．good and evil C．death and sacrifice D．safety and peace 4．People care for Harry Potter because ____________. A．they think of classic literature when reading the story B．they find different experiences from theirs on Harry C．they share the experiences with Harry D．they like JK Rowling’s description very much Passage 20 （22-23高二上·浙江·开学考试）Nowadays, we needn’t look far to find something new to watch. So why do so many of us choose to watch films we’ve already seen, even knowing every line of the script? A survey revealed rewatching films we’ve already seen countless times is common. Some titles were mentioned repeatedly — Back To The Future, Top Gun, and musicals like The Rain. In 2016, a website surveyed 1,169 people to list the 25 most rewatched films — with Star Wars, The Wizard of Oz and The sound of Music taking the top spots. Finding which movies we watch again and again is easy. Exactly why we do it is less clear. Obviously we love them and think they deserve our attention. One said, “Some films are what I think ‘complete’ and are so familiar that you can stop and start at any point. They are deeply satisfying and you can lose yourself in them.” While that might explain the second, third, or fourth viewing, what keeps us coming back to a movie when we already know every detail, and there are so many other new films to choose from? One explanation is that watching something familiar takes up less mental energy. We don’t have to concentrate to work out what’s going on. Instead, we just sit back and relax. When faced with diverse choices, it’s easier to return to an old film that we believe won’t disappoint us. A psychological phenomenon, “the mere exposure effect” — in which we develop a preference for something familiar — could also be a good explanation. So the more we watch, the more we want to watch. A 2012 study on cultural “re-consumption” found that rewatching movies can also make us reflect on how we’ve grown a measuring stick for how much our lives have changed. Perhaps that’s one of the biggest reasons why we return to films, to recall not only for a time in history but for a time in our lives. 1．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A．There are few good movies people can choose from. B．People often watch movies many times to memorize lines. C．People like to enjoy some movies once and again. D．Star Wars, Top Gun and The sound of Music are top hits. 2．The reasons why people rewatch films are as follows except that A．it makes viewers much more comfortable to rewatch the films B．familiar movies can remind people of impressive experiences C．viewers find it hard to select a better film than familiar ones D．it is those well-produced movies that always appeal to viewers 3．What’s the author’s attitude to the phenomenon of people’s rewatching films? A．Negative. B．Objective. C．Disapproving. D．Cautious. Passage 21 （21-22高二上·四川乐山·期中）An advance in electronic publishing could make the book you are reading seem as dated as a silent film. Publishers hope to exploit the growing success of ebooks by releasing versions with added soundtracks and musical accompaniments(伴奏). The noises in the first multimedia books include rain hitting a window in one of Conan Doyle’s Sherlock Holmes tales. Works by Oscar Wilde and Rudyard Kipling are also available. A Salman Rushdie story with an orchestral score (配乐) will follow this year. In America, works by Shakespeare and Jane Austin have already been released with music and background noise so that, for example, readers can hear tea cups hitting each other in Mr Darcy’s garden as they read Pride and Prejudice. Supporters argue that sound effects are the next logical development for ebooks and will add excitement for younger readers. Critics, however, will argue that the noises will ruin the simple pleasure of enjoying the imagination required to read a book. Caroline Michel, chief executive of the literary agency PFD, said the new generation of readers was used to multiple sensory input. She said, “Concentration now is such that people have split computer screens where they may be watching television and replying to an email at the same time. If that’s what the market wants then we should respond to the market.” Booktrack’s sound effects work by figuring out the user’s reading speed. Each time you “turn” a page, the software reassesses where you have reached in the text and times the sounds to switch on accordingly. If the soundtrack is not in agreement with the words, a click on any word will re-set it. Some authors fear a soundtrack could destroy the peace and quiet of libraries and ruin the pleasure of reading. David Nicholls, author of One Day, said, “This sounds like the opposite of reading. I have enough trouble reading an ebook because I’m constantly disturbed by emails and so I’ve given up on it for the time being.” Stuart MacBride, the crime writer whose novel Shatter the Bones was an ebook bestseller, sells 18% of his books as electronic downloads. He said, “If I’m reading, I will do the noises in my head. I don’t need someone to tell me what cutting a tree sounds like. That would upset me.” 1．In whose ebook can we hear the sound of a specific weather condition? A．Conan Doyle’s. B．Shakespeare’s. C．Salman Rushdie’s. D．Rudyard Kipling’s. 2．What does Caroline Michel think of multimedia books? A．They go against human nature. B．They have an unpredictable future. C．They are in line with market trends. D．They may inspire readers’ imagination. 3．What’s Stuart MacBride’s attitude to soundtracks? A．Indifferent. B．Disapproving. C．Appreciative. D．Disrespectful. 4．How does the author develop the text? A．By presenting different opinions. B．By telling his personal experiences. C．By giving scientific research results. D．By comparing various types of ebooks. Passage 22 （18-19高二下·黑龙江·阶段练习）American writer and former president of Marvel Comics, Stan Lee, has died at the age of 95. The legendary comic book author died at Cedars Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, according to a family lawyer. Lee was born in 1922 to working-class Jewish immigrants from Romania. He began working at the comics section of Timely Publications – a company that would eventually transform into Marvel Comics – and became comic editor there at age 18. At age 40, Lee decided to give up on comics. But his wife Joan urged him to create the characters he always wanted to write as his comic swansong. And in 1961, Lee and artist Jack Kirby created ‘The Fantastic Four’ – fascinating characters with individual personalities and the golden age of comic books began. Many Marvel characters were groundbreaking at the time. For example, Black Panther was the first black superhero featured in a mainstream US comic. Other characters he created include the Ant Man, the X-Men, Iron Man, Captain America and Doctor Strange. In its heyday(鼎盛时期), Marvel sold 50 million copies a year. Lee was also known for appearing as a cameo(配角) in every Marvel film. Fans are very happy to look for Stan Lee in the films and after watching, they will definitely have a discussion online. Celebrities and fans have been sharing across social media how Lee and his work affected them. The CEO of Lee’s Pow! Entertainment, Shane Duffy, called him “a true iconic pioneer with no comparable second”. Hugh Jackman, who played Wolverine in the X-Men films, called Lee a "pioneering force in the superhero universe". Evangeline Lilly, who portrayed Ant Man's superhero partner, the Wasp, also shared his respect on Twitter. Chris Evans, the star of Captain America, wrote on Twitter: "For decades he provided both young and old with adventure, escape, comfort, confidence, inspiration, strength, friendship and joy. He expressed love and kindness and will leave an unforgettable mark on so, so, so many lives." 1．The underlined word “groundbreaking” in Paragraph 2 is similar to ______. A．outstanding B．pioneering C．approving D．misleading 2．What can be inferred about Stan Lee in Paragraph 2? A．He wanted more people to know him through films. B．He became popular at a very young age. C．Fans of Marvel loved him and the roles he acted. D．His wife urged him to give up comics and begin film creation. 3．Which of the following has played a role in Marvel films? A．Evangeline Lilly B．Iron Man C．Shane Duffy D．Jack Kirby 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．The history of Marvel comics B．The anecdotes of Stan Lee C．The Father of Marvel characters D．The birth of Marvel characters Passage 23 The theatre changed a lot during Shakespeare’s lifetime. The authorities didn’t like it and didn’t allow acting in the city itself: They thought it had a bad influence on people and kept them from going to church. Queen Elizabeth, on the other hand, loved acting and helped the theatre become popular. The theatre in Shakespeare’s time was full of life. People did not sit all the time and it was not quiet during the performance. The audience could walk around, eat and drink during the play. Theatres were open arenas or playhouses that had room for up to three thousand people. There was almost no scenery because the dialogue was the most important part of the play. Colourful and well-designed costumes were very important and told the people about the status of a character. Women never performed in plays, so young boys played female characters. The performances took place in the afternoon because it was too dark at night. There was no stage crew as there is today. Actors had to do everything themselves—from making costumes to setting the stage. Plays were organized by acting companies. They performed about 6 different plays each week because they needed money to survive. They had almost no time to rehearse (排练). The companies in Shakespeare’s time had a rank system. The company belonged to shareholders and managers. They were responsible for everything and got most of the money when the company was successful. Sometimes they even owned their own buildings. Actors worked for the managers and after some time became a permanent member of the company. Apprentices(学徒) were young boys and were allowed to act in unimportant roles. They also played female characters in plays. 1．Why was the theatre banned by the authorities? A．It was more different than before. B．They thought it affected people negatively. C．They thought it kept people going to church. D．The queen didn’t like it. 2．What does the underlined word “arenas” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Stages. B．Stores. C．Companies. D．Playgrounds. 3．What do we know about the actors? A．They could drink during the play. B．Women had to perform in plays. C．They had stage crew to help them. D．They were too busy to practice. 4．What is the author’s purpose of writing the text? A．To remember Shakespeare. B．To show his love of Shakespeare’s plays. C．To introduce theatres in Shakespeare’s time. D．To discuss the company’s rank system. Passage 24 Royal Albert Hall Erie Clapton returns to the Royal Albert Hall next May, marking his only UK shows in 2021. Clapton’s career as a professional musician has seen him create an abundance of records with numerous bands. Time: May to July- the first Tuesday and the first Sunday per month. Starts: 7:30 pm. There is a ticket limit of six tickets per household. Call 472-556 for more information. http://www.royalalberthall.com Concertgebouw Hall It goes without saying that the Concertgebouw and jazz and pop music make a perfect combination. The stages of both the Main Hall and the Recital Hall have borne witness to nearly the whole of jazz history. Note: Concerts until December 31, 2020 do not have assigned seating due to our COVID-19 measures. Staff members will show you to your seats. For the Main Hall you can choose in which section you would like to sit: balcony, stage or orchestra. A free schedule of events is available by calling the box office at 488-576 for more information. http://www.concertgebouw.com Boston Symphony Orchestra The Boston Symphony Orchestra is pleased to present Encore BSO Recitals, a colorful and wide-ranging online concert series spotlighting 50 musicians of the Boston Symphony Orchestra. It will give viewers a rare opportunity to experience the individual attraction of many of the musicians who make up the world-known ensemble(乐团). Video streams begin on Thursdays at noon Eastern Time. A donation of S25 or more will give you access to all nine videos in the series. http://www.boston.com Carnegie Hall Pianist Jonathan Biss 2021 master class focuses on the late solo works of Beethoven, Brahms, and Schubert - a fascinating journey for the six young pianists who participate. Biss hosts this program-which also includes an interaction between performers and audience. Students with L.D．cards can attend the events for free. Phone: 654-112. 1．How many performances will Eric Clapton give in Royal Albert Hall in 2021? A．2 B．4 C．6 D．8 2．What can you learn from the passage? A．A family cannot purchase more than six tickets to Eric Clapton’s performances in the Royal Albert Hall. B．Visitors can enjoy the performance for free in Concertgebouw Hall by calling 488-576 in advance. C．The Boston Symphony Orchestra will present Encore BSO Recitals in a concert hall in Boston. D．Pianist Jonathan Biss will play the solo works and host a performer-audience interaction in Carnegie Hall. 3．All the performances introduced above_______ A．offer free tickets B．have a ticket limit C．have the theme of music D．are performed by famous bands 话题5 科学与技术 Passage 25 （23-24高二上·重庆·阶段练习）With greater attention paid to our mental health, we need more chances to pour out our anxieties. But talking to an adult about feelings can be an uneasy experience for children and adolescents. With this in mind, a recent study from the University of Cambridge tested a robot’s effectiveness in determining children’s well-being. The study involved 28 children between the ages of 8 and 13 and their parents or guardians completing a well-being questionnaire focused on the young individuals. Then a human-like robot asked the young participants open-ended questions about happy and sad memories over the last week and had them respond to prompts (提示) around pictures. The parents or guardians and research team members observed the interaction from a separate room. Children with mental well being issues were likelier to divulge the extent of these problems while talking to the robot. Researchers thus found they felt more negative than stated in the initial questionnaire. On the other hand, children without previously stated mental well-being concerns presented an even more positive image to the robot. Actually, the idea that children would share more with a robot than parents or mental health professionals is easy to understand. “Not all children have a secure attachment style, meaning they feel safe and connected to their caregivers,” says Dr. Katherine Grill, a behavioral scientist. “Children without secure attachments often find comfort in companions like imaginary friends. In this instance, a robot may serve as a practical option for children to open up about their well-being. Even in cases where children have secure attachment styles, a robot may provide them with a non-judgmental relationship where they’re willing to share their feelings.” “While this study demonstrates the benefit of robots, it doesn’t remove the need for human interaction in the mental health field. Technology-enabled services mean digital support and even enhanced care, but they don’t replace work with a human being,” says Dr. Aaron Haddock, associate professor of Clark University. “After all, the relationship between clients and providers is a key driver of positive treatment outcomes.” 1．Which of the following is true about the study? A．The robot raised questions to test children’s memory. B．The children interacted with a human-like robot alone. C．The children were free to ask the robot any questions. D．The parents talked with researchers in a separate room. 2．What does the underlined word “divulge” mean in paragraph 3? A．Ignore. B．Assess. C．Reveal. D．Control. 3．Why may children be willing to share more with a robot according to Dr. Katherine Grill? A．Because robots are more intelligent than humans. B．Because robots offer non-judgmental relationships. C．Because robots connect children with their caregivers. D．Because robots can choose imaginary friends for the children. 4．What is Dr. Aaron Haddock’s attitude towards technology-enabled services? A．Totally positive. B．Relatively objective. C．Particularly disapproving. D．Generally unconcerned. Passage 26 Trapped under ruins after the Iran earthquake, Dan Woolley believed he was going to die. But rather than giving up, the film-maker managed to look up ways to treat his injuries on his iPhone beneath the earth. He also wrote a moving diary for his family, allowing them to read his last messages of love and comforting them after his death. Instead, he was pulled from the ruins after a week--- and would soon meet his family. Mr. Woolley, from Colorado Springs, America, had raveled to Iran with his colleague David Hames. Both had been working for Charity Compassion International. He was in the hotel when the earthquake struck. Buried under tons of ruins, the film-maker downloaded a first aid application to his iPhone. He used the instructions from the app to treat the serious bleeding. He used his shirt to tie off the injury on his leg and a sock to bandage the back of his head. The app advised him not to go to sleep if he felt sleepy. Mr. Woolley set his phone alarm to go off every 20 minutes to keep him awake. Mr Woolley used a small black notebook to write messages to his family, including his son and wife. He had thought his relatives would read them after he was dead. “ I was in a big accident. Don’t be upset at God,” he wrote. “ I’m still praying that God will get me out, but he may not. But he will always take care of you.” Mr Woolley was eventually rescued by a French rescue team. After being flown to Miami for surgery, he said, “I cried. At that time I wanted to use that time to do everything I could for my family. I always wanted to survive, but I knew that was something that I couldn’t control.” New technology really played a huge part in our life. 1．In the diary, Mr Woolly noted that _________. A．he was looking for ways to survive B．his iPhone was very useful C．he wanted to do something for his family D．this might be his last message 2．Which of the following shows the right order of the events? a. He was trapped under the ruins. b. He downloaded a first aid application. c. He treated the injuries properly. d. He followed instructions to treat the bleeding. A．abdc B．bacd C．acbd D．bdac 3．Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．Woolley was confident that he would survive. B．Woolley was making a film when the earthquake broke out. C．Woolley is now recovering in an Iran hospital. D．Woolley tried to stay conscious under the ruins. 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．A large Earthquake Hit Iran B．Determined Will Saved Woolley C．A Man Used an iPhone to Survive D．Nothing More Important Than Family Passage 27 （21-22高二下·山西朔州·开学考试）Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is gaining global popularity. According to a government white paper, TCM has been introduced in 183 countries and regions around the world. Westerners’ understanding of TCM, however, may be limited to acupuncture, cupping and massage(针灸，拔罐和按摩). For instance, the purple, injury-like marks left on U. S. swimmer Michael Phelps, back from cupping for the purpose of relaxing his muscles and reducing pain became the center of attention during the Rio Olympics in2016. As a matter of fact, Chinese herbs play a more important role in getting rid of diseases and keeping the body in good condition in the TCM treatment system than physical treatment. It is therefore disheartening to know that while 103 World Health Organization member countries have given approval to the practice of acupuncture, not many recognize Chinese herbal medicine. TCM falls far behind Western medicine owing partly to the slow development of Chinese herbs. Herbs are made into pills, powder and soup, and the kind of herbs used, their quality and quantity, and the processing of the ingredients(原材料)jointly determine the effectiveness of the prescription. Compared with Western medicine, which has standardized drug production processes and treatment methods, TCM lacks standardization, with the chemical composition and functions of its medicines being unclear and their effects being unstable. Fortunately, standardization has improved in recent decades, with an increasing number of factories producing patented TCM drugs. Another factor that has prevented the development of TCM prescription drugs is the lack of creativity. While Western medicine-making companies come up with new products every year, TCM drug producers tend to make medicines according to prescriptions handed down from the past. Chinese chemist Tu Youyou’s winning the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her research into malaria(疟疾)treatment may drive creativity to some extent in China’s TCM industry. However, the current state of affairs cannot be changed within a short time. 1．Why does the author mention the example of Michael Phelps? A．Because he was injured in his swimming. B．Because cupping is a kind of important TCM treatment. C．Because westerners know a little about TCM. D．Because westerners attach great importance to TCM. 2．Why don’t some member countries of WHO recognize Chinese herbal medicine? A．Because Chinese herbs can get rid of diseases. B．Because they only approve the practice of acupuncture. C．Because Western medicine is more effective. D．Because medicine made out of Chinese herbs develops slowly. 3．Compared with Western medicine, what is the weak point of TCM in Paragraph 4? A．The methods of planting herbs. B．The effectiveness of prescription. C．Lacking in standardization. D．Its stable functions. 4．The lack of creativity in TCM refers to the fact that______. A．medicine-making companies lack creativity B．prescriptions are got from the past C．Western companies are more experienced D．medicine-making companies lack driving force Passage 28 （2019高二·浙江·专题练习）Let’s face it—you’re attached to your phone. You use it to communicate, play games and surf the Internet. But there’s a great way to make your smartphone a life-enriching device without hurting your eyes. Check out the world of podcasts. Think of podcasts as YouTube camels for listeners that you can download to your phone. What’s so exciting about that? Well you can find a lot of amazing shows! Whatever you find that catches your attention, one thing is sure—listening inspires the imagination. Because you can only listen to a show and not see it, you have to pay more attention. Therefore, your imagination has the potential to become stronger and more vivid as a result. Podcasts allow you to experience the world from various angles. Take America’s NPR and Britain’s BBC, for example. Both have produced several podcasts. By listening to them, you can learn to appreciate cultural to linguistic distinctions. Choose what you like. In the end it’s your device—you get to decide who influences you! So what’s out there? Lots! Since podcasts are created for very specific audiences, you’re sure to find one that interests you. Podcasts had been around for more than a decade, and one that really put podcasting in the spotlight is called Serial. It’s in the form of a story, broken up over several weeks, complete with cliffhangers. Or maybe you like listening to people discuss interesting topics. My personal favorite is White Horse Inn. If you’re a fan of informative speeches, subscribe to one of the many TED talks podcasts. There are several language-learning podcasts too, like ESLPod. The list goes on. If you’re not sure where to start, look up “top podcasts” and give one of their recommendations a try. Whether you’re riding a bus, exercising, or just relaxing, put on some headphones and put your listening skills to the test. Download a podcast App, subscribe to a few and get listening. Or, better yet, if you have an idea for a podcast, why not produce one yourself! 1．Paragraph 2 mainly tells us podcasts help ________. A．to make your life more meaningful B．to develop your imagination C．to improve your listening ability D．to know the world better 2．Paragraph 3 is developed ________. A．by giving examples B．by making comparisons C．by giving detailed facts D．by giving causes and effects 3．From the text it can be judged that ________. A．you can make progress by just downloading a podcast App B．Serial is a listening program telling interesting stories C．White Horse Inn is a program that discusses dull topics D．people can be taught to learn all kinds of languages 4．The purpose of mentioning your phone at the beginning of the text is ________. A．to introduce the topic B．to give you more evidence C．to talk about the function of phones D．to make the text informative Passage 29 （22-23高一下·重庆·期中）ChatGPT, a new chatbot model developed by US-based AI research laboratory OpenAI, has quickly become a hit globally due to its advanced conversational capabilities. It can write emails, computer codes, even academic papers and poems, and has passed a number of tests within seconds. Educators worldwide are discussing whether AI should be used in education. Some universities have banned it. The New York City’s Department of Education, for example, banned the chatbot from its public school devices and networks, with some people warning that it could encourage more students to cheat, especially in exams. Many more welcome this app, claiming that, like most technological improvements and cutting-edge creations in history, ChatGPT is a powerful tool for the development of higher education. Embracing AI as early as possible is advisable. Higher education institutions should make preparations for including AI in their syllabus (教学大纲). They can start by offering related courses, because by understanding how it works, they can make better use of it. Besides, students with good knowledge of AI are more competitive when it comes to getting a good job, as an increasing number of jobs are being done by computer programmes—some in cooperation with humans. AI-powered education technologies can be employed to make the learning experience more suitable for each student based on his or her strengths and weaknesses. As for professors, AI can free them from doing some dull tasks so they can concentrate on teaching and interacting with students. Since we cannot avoid ChatGPT and other AI-powered applications from entering the field of higher education, we should make collective efforts to ensure they have a positive impact on society and the future of education. Despite AI helping make learning much more interesting and enjoyable, humans need to work very hard to win the race with technology. 1．Why do some higher education institutions forbid ChatGPT? A．ChatGPT can write emails and computer codes quickly. B．Some professors might not perform their duties properly. C．Students would have conversations with each other via it. D．Students might seek help from it in completing the exams. 2．What does the underlined word “cutting-edge” in paragraph 3 mean? A．advanced B．traditional C．average D．typical 3．What is the author’s attitude towards AI applications in education? A．Fearful. B．Disapproving. C．Supportive. D．Uncertain. 4．How can AI benefit students of higher education? A．It offers students an increasing number of jobs. B．It personalizes students’ learning experience. C．It equips students with competitive skills to cooperate with humans. D．It handles uninteresting tasks so students can better focus on learning. 5．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．We should guard against AI apps. B．AI will be more widely used in education. C．The future of education depends on AI apps. D．Humans will be left behind by technology. Passage 30 Ten years ago, when asked about popular activities for fun, many people would say going to KTV or amusement parks. However, young people now spend their free time at health clubs, or getting tuina (推拿), or even foot massage to experience traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) practices, such as acupuncture (针灸). A survey in 2023 by China Youth Daily showed that 93. 3% of 1, 000 young people have tried TCM. A TCM doctor named Ma Huifang said that many young people are coming to her for health problems like neck and back pain, and dry eyes, which used to be seniors’ problems. These issues are becoming common in young people because of bad lifestyles and too much stress. When choosing between Western medicine and TCM, young people like TCM better because it works well for their health problems. Some people say TCM is not scientific enough, but Ma thinks TCM is more accurate because it treats people based on their own needs. TCM is becoming a big part of young people’s lives. They are learning TCM skills to help themselves and others. Jin Ying, a 25-year-old student at Minzu University of China, is an enthusiast of TCM. She learned acupuncture and tuina at Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. She even helped her roommate with insomnia (失眠) using ear seeds from a therapy called auricular acupoint therapy. Jin also follows the Five Elements theory in her daily life. In winter, she saves energy by not sweating too much. For her, learning TCM is about living a new way of life and understanding Chinese culture. “TCM helps young people learn about our national heritage and see it as a treasure of our culture,” Jin says. 1．How has young people changed their free time activity in the past few years? A．They have stopped going to health clubs. B．They only enjoy western medicine for the treatment. C．They now prefer going to KTV and amusement parks. D．They now spend more time joining healthy activities. 2．Why do young people prefer TCM therapies according to Ma Huifang? A．They are useful for treatments. B．They change their bad lifestyles. C．They deal with too much stress. D．They are cheaper than other methods. 3．Why does the writer mention Jin Ying? A．To show Jin Ying’s skills. B．To prove the acceptance of TCM. C．To praise Jin Ying’s kindness. D．To explain the progress of TCM. 4．What is the topic of this passage? A．TCM. B．acupuncture. C．tuina. D．foot massage. 话题6运动与健康 Passage 31 Three Exercises to Make Breathing Easier If you lack lung power and feel a little exhausted even after a short jogging, the following exercises can be of great help. Use Your Diaphragm (横膈膜) Your diaphragm is the muscle that controls breathing, and because it is located right above your stomach, you can strengthen them together. Lie on your back with your knees bent, keeping one hand on your stomach and the other on your chest. Breathe in deeply, slowly pulling the air into your lungs. Breathe out through your mouth. Try to wait seven seconds before taking in air again. Imagine You Are Rowing a Boat This exercise strengthens the upper back muscles and opens your chest cavity (腔), allowing for full lung ability. Sit on the floor with your legs in front of you and knees slightly bent. Put a resistance band around the bottoms of your feet and hold it in front of you in an X shape. Holding an end in each hand, spread your arms, then pull backward until your hands meet your chest. Repeat at least six times three days a week. Walk for 20 Minutes Walking doesn’t just get your heart pumping or work your leg muscles—it also builds up the area around your lungs to help them function better. To get the most out of your walk, stand straight, with your head up and your shoulders back, and keep a heel-to-toe pace, allowing your lungs to fully expand. Combine walking with deep breathing to increase your air intake. Work up to walking three or four days a week. No matter which exercise you pick up, keep this in mind: Chances are that it will take you several months to see the outcome. So keep it up! 1．What should you obey if you are strengthening your diaphragm? A．You should lie on your stomach with your knees bent. B．You should hold your breath before breathing in again. C．You should do it seven times a week to get a best result. D．You should do it by breathing in merely with your mouth. 2．How can you take in more air? A．By keeping on rowing a boat regularly. B．By opening your chest cavity more often. C．By integrating walking with deep breathing. D．By allowing your lungs to expand to the fullest. 3．What do the three exercises have in common? A．They all need some extra assistance. B．They all involve using your both feet. C．They all require you to stand straight. D．They all call for constantly practicing. Passage 32 （24-25高二上·重庆·期中）Most people in their eighties would consider themselves lucky not to have health problems, but this is not the case with Toshisuke Kanazawa. The 82-year-old Japanese bodybuilder is not only in perfect physical condition, he also looks better than a lot of men a quarter his age. Kanazawa is living proof (证明)that you’re never too old to hit the gym and achieve the body you’ve always dreamed of. A champion bodybuilder in his youth, Kanazawa stopped exercising completely after he retired at age 34, drinking, smoking and eating whatever he liked. It wasn’t until he turned 50 that he got his motivation to regain the perfect body of his younger years. Kanazawa’s wife felt sick frequently, and the former bodybuilder remembered that she had never been happier than when he won the national championship. So to please her he decided to return to the gym and completely change his diet. His workout schedule had to be adjusted to his age as well. In his youth, he would spend up to six hours training in the gym every day, and his body would recover within two days after a particularly intensive(强化的) workout, but that was not the case anymore. He cut the daily gym time to three hours and started giving his body one week to recover after exercising every muscle group. Kanazawa’s efforts paid off. In 2016, at the age of 80, Kanazawa defeated many opponents and placed sixth in the world in a contest for bodybuilders over 65, and won the admiration of the crowd. Sport keeps this elderly man healthy, as he claims not to have suffered so much as a cold since he started bodybuilding again at age 50. “I want to be a super old man in the bodybuilder community,” Kanazawa said, “If I have a goal, I can continue moving forward. I have to work much harder.” 1．What can we learn about Kanazawa from Paragraph 2? A．He started bodybuilding at the age of 34. B．He seldom exercised when he was young C．He had serious health problems in his childhood. D．He developed an unhealthy lifestyle after he retired. 2．Why did Kanazawa decide to take up exercise again? A．To help change his diet. B．To cheer up his wife. C．To stand to his promise. D．To recover from illness. 3．What did old Kanazawa do while rebuilding his body? A．He took the same workout schedule. B．He combined relaxation with exercise. C．He turned to the doctors for advice. D．He spent over six hours training every day. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．Understanding: A Guarantee of Happiness B．Champion: The Result of Workout C．Exercise: The Best Medicine for Illnesses D．Bodybuilding: No Age Limit Passage 33 （22-23高二上·全国·单元测试）As the most popular individual sport in America, jogging has enjoyed great popularity among people. The plain truth is that jogging is a cheap, quick and efficient way to maintain physical fitness. The most useful sort of exercise is the exercise that develops the heart, lungs, and circulatory systems. If these systems are fit, the body is ready for almost any sport and for almost any sudden demand made by work or emergencies. Running trains your heart and lungs to deliver oxygen more efficiently to all parts of your body. It is worth noting that this sort of exercise is the only kind that can reduce heart disease, the number one cause of death in America. Only one sort of equipment is needed—a good pair of shoes. Physicians advise beginning joggers not to run in a tennis or gym shoe. Many design advances have been made in only the last several years that make an excellent running shoe indispensable if a runner wishes to develop as quickly as possible, with as little chance of injury as possible. A good running shoe will have a soft pad for absorbing shock, as well as a slightly built-up heel and a full heel-cup that will give the knee and ankle more stability. A wise investment in good shoes will prevent blisters and the foot, ankle and knee injuries and will also enable the wearer to run on paved or soft surfaces. No other special equipment is needed;you can jog in any clothing you desire, even your street clothes. In cold weather, several layers of clothing are better than one heavy sweater or coat. If joggers are wearing several layers of clothing, they can add or subtract layers as conditions change. It takes surprisingly little time to develop the ability to run. The American Jogging Association has a twelve-week program designed to move from a fifteen-minute walk to a thirty-minute run. A measure of common sense, a physical examination, and a planned schedule are all it takes. 1．What’s the main idea of this passage? A．It introduces jogging as a useful and practical sport. B．It describes the type of clothing needed for jogging. C．It distinguishes between jogging and other sport events. D．It provides scientific evidence of the benefits of jogging. 2．Why is wearing several layers of clothing in winter better recommended? A．It can keep warmer. B．It is a popular trend. C．It looks much more fashionable. D．It’s easier to adjust flexibly. 3．Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．Jogging needs no special equipment but long-time practice. B．For beginning joggers，tennis or gym shoes are better choices. C．Jogging can do good to the heart，lungs and help reduce heart disease. D．A pair of good running shoes with a full heel-cup is designed to prevent shock. 4．What’s the author’s attitude towards jogging? A．Skeptical. B．Supportive. C．Neutral. D．Objective. Passage 34 Ever wondered how many steps you should really be aiming for each day to stay healthy? A study, led by the University of Granada (UGR) and published in one of the world’s leading journals, identifies for the first time the number of steps at which most people obtain the greatest benefits. The study has provided the first scientific proof for daily step count to significantly reduce the risk of premature death: 8,000. It contradicts the popular belief that one should aim for 10,000 steps a day—an idea that came out of Japan in the 1960s but had no basis in science. “We have shown that the more steps you take, the better, and that there is no extra number of steps that has been proven to be harmful to health,” explains Francisco B．Ortega, the lead author of the study. The findings are based on a comprehensive analysis of data from twelve international studies involving over 110,000 participants. The study reveals that even small increases in the daily step count can lead to measurable health benefits. For those who lead a less active lifestyle, an additional 500 steps can already result in health improvements. “This is good news because not everyone can walk almost 9,000 steps a day, at least not at first, so you can set small, reachable goals and gradually make progress and increase the number of steps per day,” the researchers suggests. So, should we stop walking when we reach 9000 steps? “Absolutely not,” insists Ortega. “More steps are never bad. Our study showed that even as many as 16,000 steps a day does not pose a risk.” However, they also note that the daily step target should be age-appropriate. “Our study gives people clear and easily measurable goals,” Ortega concludes. “Counting steps is much simpler, especially since most people have a smartphone or smartwatch these days. The significance of our study lies in providing concrete and measurable targets for the number of daily steps and thereby contributing to people’s health.” 1．What can we learn about the new study? A．It originates from Japan. B．It has reduced death rate. C．It has scientific evidence. D．It restricts extra daily steps. 2．What does the underlined word “premature” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Early. B．Unexpected. C．Delayed. D．Sudden. 3．What do researchers advise inactive individuals to do? A．Increase walking pace. B．Set achievable step goals. C．Track progress every day. D．Add other forms of exercise. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Pace vs Count: Walking Matters B．Impact of Walking 16,000 Steps C．Counting with Smart Wearables D．8000 vs 10,000: Mystery solved Passage 35 （24-25高二上·四川广安·阶段练习）In the past years the popularity of rock climbing has greatly increased, and so has the number of injuries. It has been estimated that rock climbing is now enjoyed by more than 9 million people in the US each year. Study findings revealed a 65 percent increase in the number of patients that were treated in US emergency departments for rock climbing-related injuries between 2001 and 2021. The study, published in the online issue of the American Journal of Preventive Medicine, found that about 40,000 patients were treated in US emergency departments for rock climbing-related injuries between 2001 and 2021. The most common types of rock climbing-related injuries were fractures (骨折) and sprains (扭伤). The ankle was the most common body part to be injured (40 percent). Climbers in the study ranged in age from 2 to 74, with an average age of 26. The study also found that women took up a quarter of the injuries. Falls were the primary reason for injury with over three-quarters of the injuries occurring as the result of a fall. The severity of fall-related injuries had a lot to do with the height of the fall. Patients who were injured after falling from a height over 20 feet were 10 times more likely to be treated than patients who were injured falling from 20 feet or lower. “We found that the climbers who fell from heights higher than 20 feet took up 70 percent of the patients treated for a rock climbing-related injury,” explained the study author Lara McKenzie, PhD, director at the Center for Injury Research and Policy at Nationwide Hospital. “This trend, combined with the fact that rock climbers have a higher hospitalization rate than other sports and recreational injuries, demonstrates the need to increase injury prevention efforts for climbers.” 1．Which body part is most likely to get injured for a climber？ A．The arm. B．The ankle. C．The knee. D．The hand. 2．How many women climbers in America got injured while climbing a rock between 2001 and 2021? A．About 40,000. B．About 30,000. C．About 20,000. D．About 10,000. 3．The severity of climbers’ fall-related injures is mainly related to ________. A．the height of the fall B．the climber’s age C．the climber’s health conditions D．the climber’s climbing experience 4．Which is the text mainly about? A．the popularity of rock climbing has greatly increased B．the reason for rock climbing-related injuries C．The rock climbing-related injuries has greatly increased D．the need to increase injury prevention efforts 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $