专题08 阅读理解之说明文-2025-2026学年七年级英语期中复习高效必刷题型专练（沪教版2024）

专题08阅读理解之 说明文 【通关练】 Passage 1（Unit 1 Friendship） Passage 1文章内容：谈论朋友的作用重要性 ①When we were little kids, we knew that having friends was important. Some of us even had imaginary (想象中的) friends. As we grew up, the need for friends changed. Friends are important to our personalities . As adults, it is still important for us to have friends. ②True friends are people who like us though we made mistakes and who listen to us and tell us the truth. Friends are always with us and tell us when we’re foolish. ③They laugh with us and share our sadness. They are our partners and share interests with us. They stimulate us when we are feeling unhappy. They are people we aren’t afraid of telling our secret wishes to or what is really in our minds. ④Friends play a very important role in our life. First of all, friends are our supporters. You feel safe and warm with friends around you. Most importantly, friends can give you emotional support . ⑤At times, they give much support to our everyday lives, cooking a meal, doing the housework, or giving us a lift when we need one. Friends are also there to give advice, an ear to listen, or a shoulder (肩膀) to cry on. ⑥Friends are also helpers around us, especially helping reduce stress . Not only do they listen to us when we feel stressed, but they also talk about what is stressing us. ⑦They can help us forget about problems at work or at home by sharing interests and doing activities with them. For a short time, we can lose ourselves in the activity and perhaps laugh more happily 11. The underlined word “stimulate” in Paragraph 3 probably means ________. A. 激励 B. 打击 C. 提醒 D. 掩饰 12. We can learn from the passage that friends always ________. A. tell us to do foolish things B. share our sadness and interests C. tell us other people’s secrets D. leave us alone when we need help 13. According to this passage, the writer mainly wants to tell us ________. A. people should not make friends B. a friend helps you in many ways C. people can cook a meal and do the housework D. good friends are always difficult to meet 14. The best structure (结构) of this passage is ________. （①=Para. 1 ②=Para. 2 ③-Para. 3 ④-Para. 4 ⑤-Para. 5 ⑥-Para. 6 ⑦-Para. 7） A. B. C. D. 15. What does the article mainly talk about? A. The importance of having friends in our childhood B. The role of friends in providing emotional and practical support C. How to make friends and maintain friendships D. The psychological benefits of having imaginary friends 【答案】11. A 12. B 13. B 14. C 15.B 【解析】本文讲述了朋友的作用以及朋友的重要性。 11. 词义猜测题。根据“They stimulate us when we are feeling unhappy. ”可知，在我们情绪低沉的时候作为朋友应该是鼓励我们，所以划线词“stimulate”是“鼓励”。故选A。 12. 细节理解题。根据“They laugh with us and share our sadness.”以及“They can help us forget about problems at work or at home by sharing interests and doing activities with them.”可知，们可以从这篇文章中学到，朋友总是分享我们的悲伤和兴趣。故选B。 13. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了朋友的作用以及朋友的重要性，朋友可以在很多方面帮助我们。故选B。 14. 篇章结构题。纵观全文，第一段①总述朋友在生活中是重要的；②③两段讲了真正的朋友是什么样的；④⑤两段讲了朋友的角色——是支持者；⑥⑦两段讲了朋友的另一个角色——是帮助者。所以C选项符合。故选C。 15.B文章主要讨论了朋友在我们生活中的重要性，特别是朋友在提供情感支持和实际帮助方面的作用。第①段提到了朋友对我们个性的重要性，第②段和第③段描述了真正朋友的特点，第④段和第⑤段强调了朋友作为支持者的角色，第⑥段和第⑦段讨论了朋友如何帮助我们减轻压力。因此，选项B "The role of friends in providing emotional and practical support" 是文章的主要内容。 Passage 2（Unit 2 School life） Passage 2文章内容：介绍了澳大利亚的校园生活 School life in Australia means new friends, new skills and interests. It is never boring. There’s always something new in school or after class. Teachers and students here often do different subjects or activities（活动）together. They can also be from different ages. In year 10 to 12. students usually have four to five classes of between 40 and 90 minutes each, a break in the morning and quite a long lunchtime for a school day. Students usually spend lunchtime talking, visiting teachers for help, studying or playing sports. Don’t worry about making friends. It is not hard when you join clubs in school and after class. Australian students and teachers are very friendly. They will always help you when you need them. And they always show an interest in what you and the other students in your class think. Going to a school in Australia is not all about study, study and study. You can do well in your study and still enjoy your life outside school at the same time. 1.How many classes do the students in year 11 have for a school day? A. Two to three B. Three to four C. Four to five D. Five to six 2.According to the passage, students in year 10 to 12 usually don’t ________ at lunchtime. A. talk. B. sleep. C. study. D.do sports. 3.The underlined word “it” refers to（指的是）“________”. A. Joining in activities. B. having classes. C. Making friends. D. visiting teachers. 4.What’s the best title of the passage? A. The school life in Australia. B. guidebook to Australia. C. program for Australian teachers. D. plan for school activities. 【答案】1.C 2.B 3.C 4.A 【解析】文章介绍了澳大利亚的校园生活的情况。 1.细节理解题。根据“In year 10 to 12. students usually have four to five classes of between 40 and 90 minutes each, a break in the morning and quite a long lunchtime for a school day.”可知，10到12年级，学生通常有4到5节课，每节课40到90分钟，所以11年级的学生一天有4到5节课，故选C。 2.细节理解题。根据“Students usually spend lunchtime talking, visiting teachers for help, studying or playing sports.”可知，10到12年级的学生在午餐时间通常不睡觉，故选B。 3.推理判断题。根据“Don’t worry about making friends. It is not hard when you join clubs in school and after class.”可知，不用担心交朋友，在你加入俱乐部之后这并不难。所以It指的是“Making friends”，故选C。 4.主旨大意题。根据“School life in Australia means new friends, new skills and interests. It is never boring. There’s always something new in school or after class. Teachers and students here often do different subjects or activities（活动）together. They can also be from different ages.”以及整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍澳大利亚的校园生活的情况，故选A。 Passage 3（Unit 3 The seasons） Passage 3文章内容：介绍了北京四个季节 There are four seasons in Beijing, the capital of China-short windy spring, long hot summer, cool pleasant autumn and long cold winter. The hottest month is July and the coldest is January. September and October with the pleasant and cool weather are the best time to visit this city.    Spring To visit this city in spring (early April till the end of May) you need to bring lightweight (薄型的) clothing: long-sleeved shirts (长袖衬衫) or T-shirts, jackets and sweaters. It is warm, windy and dry but the temperature changes sharply between the day and the night. Dress warmly when going out at night. Summer Summer (from early June to mid-September) is very hot with much rain. This calls for light clothes as the temperature in July and August ranges (变化) between 30℃ and 40℃. Short and heavy rainstorms may come suddenly in the afternoon on sunny days.    Autumn The short but beautiful autumn (from mid-September to the end of October) is travelers’ all-time favorite. Autumn in this city enjoys comfortable temperature and a lot of sunshine. Long-sleeved shirts and thin coats are necessary for autumn. From late October the temperature comes down sharply, so warm clothing is a must.    Winter    This city has a cold, dry and long winter from early November to the next March. The cold days have no let up (缓和) despite (尽管) sunny days. The average temperature in December, January and February is below 0℃. Be sure to wear wool sweaters and thick coats for winter. 29. Spring in Beijing lasts __________. A. about 2 months B. more than three months C. only one and a half month D. five months 30. What’s the weather often like in Beijing in summer? A. Warm, windy and dry. B. Hot and rainy. C. Sunny and cool. D. Long and cold. 31. If you put a cup of water in the open air (露天) in Beijing in February, what will happen? A. Nothing will happen. B. The cup becomes smaller. C. The water will turn into ice. D. The cup and the water will disappear. 32. The title of the passage may be _________. A. How to visit Beijing B. Four seasons in Beijing C. The capital of China D. What to eat in Beijing 【答案】ABCB 【解析】本文主要讲述了北京4个季节的气候。 29. 细节理解题。根据“To visit this city in spring (early April till the end of May) you need to bring lightweight (薄型的) clothing”可知，北京的春天从4月份持续到5月份底，也就是2个月，故选A。 30. 细节理解题。根据“Summer (from early June to mid-September) is very hot with much rain.”可知，北京的夏天非常热，且雨水多，故选B。 31 推理判断题。根据“The average temperature in December, January and February is below 0℃.”可知，2月份的温度是零下，因此一杯水放在室外，很有可能会结冰，故选C。 32. 最佳标题题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了北京4个季节的气候，故选B。 Passage 4（Unit 4 The Earth） Passage 4文章内容：谈论保护地球的 The Earth is very important to us. Most of us don' t want to pollute it. But we don't protect the Earth in some correct ways. Here are some easy things that you can do to protect the environment(环境)and the Earth. Plant flowers, grass or trees. The plants can make the environment around you become beautiful. Also, more trees and plants can make the air clean. When you visit a park or beach, take away what you bring there ---- keep rubbish in a bag until you can throw it into a dustbin(垃圾桶). Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. You can save some water by not letting it run all the time. Also, use a glass cup instead of (代替)a paper cup because this can protect forests. Stop putting dirty water into the rivers or lakes. In this way, you can protect plants and fish in the rivers or lakes. Ask all your friends to do the same things to help protect the Earth. You don't have to wait for Earth Day to do these things. Make every day Earth Day. If everyone does something good to protect the Earth, it will become more beautiful. 1. If we want to make the air clean, we should _______. A. plant more B. keep more rubbish C. save more water D. eat less fish 2. What does the underlined word "correct" mean? A. Bad B. Good C. Wrong D. Right 3. Which way to protect the Earth is not talked about in the passage? A. Not throwing away rubbish anywhere. B. Saving water in daily life. C. Asking your friends to protect the Earth together. D. Turning off the light when you don't use it. 4. What's the main idea of the passage? A. The Earth is important. B. How to protect the Earth. C. People are polluting the Earth. D. How to make our friends protect the Earth. 5. Where may the passage come from? A. A storybook. B. A cook book. C. A travel book. D. An environment magazine. 【答案】ADDBD 【解析】文章大意：本文主要针对如何保护地球和环境提出了几条具体的建议。 1.细节理解题。根据Plant flowers, grass or trees. The plants can make the environment around you become beautiful. Also, more trees and plants can make the air clean.可知，如果我们想让空气干净，我们应该种更多的植物，故答案选A。 2.词义猜测题。根据上文Most of us don' t want to pollute it.我们大多数人都不想污染它，结合转折词but，以及we don't protect the Earth in some correct ways.可知，句意是但是我们没有以正确的方式保护地球，所以correct意为“正确的”，故答案选D。 3.理解判断题。根据文章第三段、第四段和第六段中的信息可知，文中提到了不要乱扔垃圾、节约日常生活中的用水和请你的朋友们一起保护地球，但是没有提到当不使用电灯的时候，把电灯关闭，故答案选D。 4主旨大意题。根据Here are some easy things that you can do to protect the environment(环境)and the Earth.可知，本文主要讲述的是如何保护环境和地球，故答案选B。 5.文章来源题。根据Here are some easy things that you can do to protect the environment(环境)and the Earth.可知，本文主要讲述的是如何保护环境和地球，结合选项A. A storybook.一本故事书；B. A cook book.一本烹饪书；C. A travel book.一本旅行手册；D. An environment magazine.一本环境杂志。可知D选项符合题意，故答案选D。 【真题演练】 Passage 1（25·广大附中·期中） The Double Ninth Festival is on the ninth day of the ninth month on the Chinese lunar calendar (阴历) each year. As nine is the biggest number from one to ten, and it sounds the same as “long” in Chinese, people’s wishes for old people’s long life is the cultural meaning of the Double Ninth Festival. Caring for old people is a traditional Chinese virtue (美德). A report made online by China Youth Daily polled (民意调查) 1,527 Chinese under 40. It shows that more and more young people show their love for the old on this festival. When the newspaper asks the ways they show love for the old, more than 70% of people say they show love for old people by caring about their health. 69% say they spend more time with old people. 43% say they give enough money for old people. More than 30% say they teach old people how to use smart phone (智能手机) better. Lili, a 21-year-old student says she spends the festival with her grandparents almost every year because she wants to make them happy. However, she is studying in Hebei Province and can’t visit her grandparents this year. “But I made a video call to them by using WeChat on that day, saying ‘Happy Double Ninth Festival’. It made my grandparents excited and satisfied.” 49. Why is the Double Ninth Festival on the 9th day of the 9th lunar month? A. To show wishes for old people’s rich life. B. To show wishes for old people’s long life. C. To show wishes for old people’s good luck. D. To show wishes for old people’s good health. 50. Who made the report according to Paragraph 2? A. A school. B. A student. C. A hospital. D. A newspaper. 51. What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A. Over 70% of people care about old people’s hobbies. B. More than 70% of people spend more time with old people. C. About 40% of people give the old with little money. D. Over 30% of people teach the old to use computers better. 52. In which part of a newspaper can you find the passage? A. Culture. B. Science. C. Literature. D. Health. 【答案】49. B 50. D 51. D 52. A 【解析】本文主要介绍了中国的重阳节和关于重阳节的一份调查报告。 49. 细节理解题。根据第一段“As nine is the biggest number from one to ten, and it sounds the same as ‘long’ in Chinese, people’s wishes for old people’s long life is the cultural meaning of the Double Ninth Festival.”可知，因为九是十以内最大的数字，而且在汉语中有“长”之意，所以重阳节是为了祝愿老人长寿。故选B。 50. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Caring for old people is a traditional Chinese virtue (美德). A report made online by China Youth Daily polled (民意调查) 1,527 Chinese under 40.”可知，《中国青年报》在网上发布的一份报告对1527名40岁以下的中国人进行了调查。所以可以推断是一份报纸。故选D。 51. 细节理解题。根据第三段“More than 30% say they teach old people how to use smart phone (智能手机) better.”可知，超过30%的人说他们教老年人如何更好地使用智能手机。故选D。 52. 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国的重阳节和关于重阳节的一份调查报告，与文化有关。故选A。 Passage 2（25·广州白云中学教育集团·期中） ① When spring ends, there comes the first solar term (节气) of summer, Lixia, or the Start of Summer. Lixia is the seventh of the 24 Chinese solar terms. It started on May 6 of this year and ended on May 20. ② Farmers are usually happy to welcome the coming of Lixia. Plants and crops begin to grow faster during this time. Lixia is the best time of year to plant early rice in the south of China. It is also a good time to collect tea leaves. ③ In China, there’re many old traditions (传统) during Lixia. For example, people cook different kinds of beans (豆) with rice in some places. The beans are red, yellow, black and green while the rice is white. It is also called Five-Coloured Rice and shows people’s good wishes for a colourful life. In other places, parents prepare bags with a boiled egg in them and make their children wear the bags around their necks. They think this can stop their children from getting ill in summer. ④ The tradition of eating ice at the beginning of summer has a long history in China. In old times, during Lixia, emperors would give ice to their courtiers (朝臣). Icy drinks were quite popular then. ⑤ There’re also other Lixia traditions like singing folk songs. People also weigh themselves during Lixia. The tradition started from the Three Kingdoms Period (220—280). People think this will bring health and good luck to them. 33. Which is NOT mentioned (提到) in the first two paragraphs? A. How farmers feel about Lixia. B. On which day Lixia fell this year. C. Why crops begin to grow quickly during Lixia. D. Where Lixia ranks (排名) in the 24 solar terms. 34. What does the underlined word “this” refer to? A. Cooking five-coloured rice. B. Eating some beans every day. C. Making wishes on the first day of Lixia. D. Wearing a bag with a boiled egg in it. 35. Which of the following is TRUE? A. The writer talks about four different traditions during Lixia. B. The Five-Coloured Rice is made of rice of five different colours. C. People think weighing themselves during Lixia can bring good luck. D. The tradition of eating ice started from the Three Kingdoms Period. 36. Which is the structure (结构) of the passage? A. ①/②/③④⑤. B. ①/②③④/⑤. C. ①/②③/④⑤. D. ①②/③/④⑤. 37. What is the purpose (目的) of this passage? A. To show the writer’s love for summer. B. To tell readers something about Lixia. C. To tell readers how to eat well in summer. D. To teach readers what to do in summer. 【答案】33. C 34. D 35. C 36. A 37. B 【解析】本文主要介绍了立夏节气的一些传统。 33. 细节理解题。根据“Farmers are usually happy to welcome the coming of Lixia”可知农民们通常很高兴地迎接立夏的到来，排除A；根据“It started on May 6 of this year and ended on May 20.”可知立夏从今年5月6日开始，到5月20日结束，排除B；根据“Lixia is the seventh of the 24 Chinese solar terms”可知立夏是中国二十四节气中的第七个，排除D。故选C。 34. 词义猜测题。根据“In other places, parents prepare bags with a boiled egg in them and make their children wear the bags around their necks. They think this can stop their children from getting ill in summer.”可知父母会准备一个装着煮鸡蛋的袋子，让孩子把袋子戴在脖子上，他们认为这样可以防止他们的孩子在夏天生病，故此处this指代“戴着一个装着鸡蛋的包”。故选D。 35. 细节理解题。根据“People also weigh themselves during Lixia. The tradition started from the Three Kingdoms Period (220—280). People think this will bring health and good luck to them.”可知人们在立夏会称重，因为他们认为这会给他们带来好运。故选C。 36. 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段介绍了立夏的时间；第二段介绍立夏适合做什么；第三至第五段介绍了立夏的一些老传统。故选A。 37. 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了立夏节气的一些传统。故选B。 Passage 3（25·广州中学·期中） Why are the leaves on trees different colors? What makes them change color? Leaves use sunlight, water, and air to make food for the trees. This way of making food is called photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is important to animals as well as plants. Some animals eat plants. Other animals eat these animals. Summer is playtime. For the leaves of many trees, however, it’s work, work, work! The Sun is shining. The leaves are making food for the trees. The trees keep more than enough food deep inside. Leaves are green in summer because they are making food. Leaves also have orange, yellow, or brown colors inside them. During summer, those colors are covered by the green color. Many places get colder in fall with shorter days and longer nights. Trees get less sunlight, so photosynthesis slows down. Over time, leaves stop making the green chemical. The hidden orange, yellow, and brown colors grow when that happens. Once it gets cold enough and ice appears at night, the trees drop their leaves. They do this to keep themselves safe. If the leaves turn to ice while still on the trees, the trees can be hurt. Trees that drop their leaves are bare (光秃秃) in winter. They use the food they save in summer to get through the cold days and nights. Spring comes before long. Ice and snow disappear and the rains come. The Sun shines, and tiny leaves grow from branches. Once again, the leaves use sunlight, water, and air to make food. The cycle begins again. 33. What is photosynthesis according to the passage? A. It is a way of growing leaves. B. It is a way of changing colors. C. It is a way for animals to eat plants. D. It is a way to make food for plants. 34. What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. The colors. B. The leaves. C. The trees. D. The animals. 35. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Leaves are green because they only have green colour. B. Less sunlight stops leaves from making the green chemical in fall. C. Trees drop their leaves on cold days because they are dying. D. Leaves are important because they make the trees beautiful. 36. What is the best title of the article? A. The colors of the tree leaves. B. The trees in different seasons. C. The importance of the sunlight. D. The changes of the four seasons. 【答案】33. D 34. C 35. B 36. A 【解析】本文介绍了树叶为什么会变颜色。 33. 细节理解题。根据“Leaves use sunlight, water, and air to make food for the trees. This way of making food is called photosynthesis”可知树叶利用阳光、水和空气为树木提供食物，这种制造食物的方式被称为光合作用。故选D。 34. 词义猜测题。根据“Once it gets cold enough and ice appears at night, the trees drop their leaves. They do this to keep themselves safe.”可知一旦天气足够冷，晚上出现冰，树木就会落叶，它们这样做是为了保护自己的安全，故此处they指代“树木”。故选C。 35. 细节理解题。根据“Many places get colder in fall with shorter days and longer nights. Trees get less sunlight, so photosynthesis slows down. Over time, leaves stop making the green chemical”可知许多地方在秋天会变得更冷，白天变短，夜晚变长，树木受到的阳光较少，因此光合作用减慢，随着时间的推移，叶子停止制造绿色化学物质。故选B。 36. 最佳标题题。本文介绍了树叶为什么会变颜色，以选项A“树叶的颜色”为标题最合适。故选A。 Passage 4（25·广州第一中学·期中） We like talking about the weather. This is true. People usually begin their talks with “Isn’t it a nice day?” “Do you think it will rain?” or “What a hot day! ” Many people think they can tell what the weather is going to be like. But they often don’t agree with each other. One person may say, “Do you see how cloudy it is in the east? It’s going to rain tomorrow.” Another person will say, “No, it’s going to be sunny tomorrow.” People often look for the weather they want. When a farmer needs water, he looks for something to tell him it’s going to rain. He won’t believe anything else. When friends want to take a trip, they are sure the weather is going to be fine very soon. We listen to the weatherman every day, but he doesn’t always tell us the weather we want. And he is wrong sometimes. But he comes closer to being correct than anyone else. So the weather report is still very useful. 34. When people start to talk, they usually talk about ________ first. A. their hobbies B. their work C. the weather D. a trip 35. Many people think they can ________. A. tell what the weather will be like B. change the weather C. have better weather in the future D. change other people’s ideas about the weather 36. According to the writer, when we want to take a trip, we are sure ________. A. the weather will be fine soon B. it’s going to rain soon C. the weather report is wrong D. nothing will stop us 37. What does the writer think of the weather report? A. It’s no use. B. It’s useful. C. It’s getting better. D. It’s getting worse. 【答案】34. C 35. A 36. A 37. B 【解析】本文讲述了人们通常以谈论天气开始他们的交谈，但是对于天气，人们总是期盼他们想要的天气。农民就希望下雨，去游玩的人就希望是晴天。 34. 细节理解题。根据“People usually begin their talks with ‘Isn’t it a nice day?’ ‘Do you think it will rain?’ or ‘What a hot day!’”可知人们经常先谈论天气。故选C。 35. 细节理解题。根据“Many people think they can tell what the weather is going to be like”可知许多人认为他们可以预测天气会是什么样子。故选A。 36. 细节理解题。根据“When friends want to take a trip, they are sure the weather is going to be fine very soon.”可知当朋友们想去旅行时，他们确信天气很快就会好起来。故选A。 37. 细节理解题。根据“So the weather report is still very useful.”可知天气预报仍然是有用的。故选B。 Passage 5（25·培正中学·期中） There are many stories and poems about the Moon in Chinese history. And nowadays scientists send spaceships to the Moon. Why? Because people are always interested in the Moon and want to know more about it. Here is some information (信息) about it. Let’s see it together. The Moon looks beautiful and bright at night. It is far away from the Earth and if you want to get to the Moon, it will take you about 6 months to get there by car at 95km per hour. There is no gravity on the Moon, so people can enjoy floating there. If you weigh (有……重) 68kg on Earth, you will weigh only 11kg on the Moon. There are many interesting places such as craters (陨石坑), mountains, and lava plains (熔岩平原) on the Moon. There is no air on the Moon, so people can’t breathe on it. On Earth, the day is usually warm and the night is cool. And there are four different seasons in a year. But on the Moon, the temperature is very high during the day and very low at night. And a foil day on the Moon, from the sunrise to the next, lasts about 29.5 Earth days on average (平均). The Moon doesn’t have its own light. It looks bright because it can reflect (反射) light from the Sun. When the Moon moves around the Earth, it gets different light from the Sun. So we find its size often changes. 51. Why are there many stories and poems about the Moon according to the passage? A. Because it is a symbol (象征) of beauty. B. Because people in the past loved it. C. Because people have an interest in it and want to know more-about it. D. Because people want to live there. 52. If you are 45kg on Earth, how much will you weigh on the Moon? A. Less than 5kg. B. About 7kg. C. 9kg. D. Over 10kg. 53. What can we know about the Moon? A. People can go to the Moon by car now. B. People can live on it easily. C. There are four seasons on it. D. If you stay on the Moon for two days, you will spend about fifty-nine days on Earth. 54. What does the underlined word “it” refer to? A. The Moon. B. The Earth. C. The Sun. D. The light. 55. Why does the writer write the passage? A. To tell us the way to the Moon. B. To show us some facts about the Moon. C. To tell us the differences between the Earth and the Moon. D. To tell us some interesting stories about the Moon. 【答案】51. C 52. B 53. D 54. A 55. B 【分析】本文介绍了有关月球的一些信息。月亮在晚上看起来美丽而明亮。月球上重力很小，所以人们可以享受在那里漂浮的乐趣。月球上有许多有趣的地方，如火山口、山脉和熔岩平原。月亮自己不发光，它是反射太阳光。 51. 细节理解题。由句子Because people are always interested in the Moon and want to know more about it.可知，因为人们总是对月球感兴趣，并且想要知道更多关于它的信息。因此才有了很多关于月亮的故事和诗歌。故选C。 52. 数字计算题。题干问的是：如果你在地球上45公斤，你在月球上会重多少？由句子If you weigh (有……重) 68kg on Earth, you will weigh only 11kg on the Moon. 如果你在地球上重68公斤，那么你在月球上只重11公斤。可知，地球引力是月球引力的六倍。因此在地球上重45公斤，在月球上会重45公斤的六分之一，大约是7.5公斤。故选B。 53. 推理判断题。由句子And a foil day on the Moon, from the sunrise to the next, lasts about 29.5 Earth days on average (平均). 在月球上一天，在地球上平均大约是29.5天。所以如果你在月球上停留两天，你将在地球上花费大约59天。就是用2x29.5=59.故选D。 54. 词意猜测题。句子It looks bright because it can reflect (反射) light from the Sun.的意思是，它看起来很亮，因为它能反射来自太阳的光。由上文的句子The Moon doesn’t have its own light. 月亮自己不发光。它是反射太阳光。因此it是指上文的The Moon。故选A。 55. 推理判断题。本文介绍了有关月球的一些信息。月亮在晚上看起来美丽而明亮。月球上重力很小，所以人们可以享受在那里漂浮的乐趣。月球上有许多有趣的地方，如火山口、山脉和熔岩平原。月亮自己不发光，它是反射太阳光。这些都是有关月球的一些事实。故选B。 Passage 6（25·广州天河外国语学校·期中） Friends are important because they make you happy. They talk with you about many nice things, and they’re there for you when you need help. They don’t need to be the same as you, but they know you well. Sometimes, they even know what you think. You may feel it difficult to make friends. The following two ways may help you make friends easily. Make yourself available (有空的). If you want to make friends, you need to have time to meet and talk with people. If you’re always busy, friends may not come to find you because they don’t want to bother (打扰) you. When you’re at school, you can sit somewhere with other people. It doesn’t have to be a crowded table, but you can try to sit at one table with at least (至少) two other people. Join a club to meet new people. You can join the art club at school if you like drawing. If you love to sing and dance, go to the music club. You will find some people with the same hobby as you. It is easy for you to make friends with them because you can have a nice talk about the hobby. In a word, making time for meeting people plays an important part in making friends and a club is a good place for you to have new friends. 33. Why are friends important according to the passage? ①Because they make us happy. ②Because they tell nice things to us. ③Because they are the same as us. ④Because they can give us help. A. ①③④ B. ①②③ C. ①②④ D. ②③④ 34. Which of the following is important for making friends according to the writer? A. Lots of money. B. Free time. C. Nice clothes. D. Good luck. 35. What can we get from Paragraphs 2 and 3? A. Students can’t be always busy making friends. B. We can’t go to crowded places with our friends. C. We can easily make friends with people having the same hobby as us. D. It’s wrong for people with different hobbies to be friends. 36. What is the structure of this passage? A. ①→②③→④ B. ①→②→③④ C. ①②→③④ D. ①②→③→④ 【答案】33. C 34. B 35. C 36. A 【解析】本文主要讲述了朋友的重要性以及如何交朋友。 33. 细节理解题。根据“Friends are important because they make you happy. They talk with you about many nice things, and they’re there for you when you need help.”可知，朋友让我们开心，与我们谈论许多美好的事情并且会在我们需要时帮助我们，选项①②④正确，故选C。 34. 细节理解题。根据“If you want to make friends, you need to have time to meet and talk with people.”可知，空闲时间对交友很重要，故选B。 35. 细节理解题。根据“You will find some people with the same hobby as you. It is easy for you to make friends with them because you can have a nice talk about the hobby.”及第二段和第三段内容可知，加入一个有相同兴趣爱好的俱乐部能够帮助我们容易地交到朋友，故选C。 36. 篇章结构题。第一段介绍朋友的重要性，第二和第三段详细说明具体如何交朋友，第四段总结交友的方法，因此文章结构为①→②③→④，故选A。 Passage 7（25·沈阳实验中学·期中） Gravity, the invisible force that keeps our feet on the ground, is a basic concept in physics. Understanding gravity is important in unlocking the secrets of the universe. Gravity is a force of attraction that exists between any two objects in the universe. It makes planets go around the sun and creates stars and galaxies (银河系). Gravity is also what gives weight to objects on Earth and keeps us from floating away. It pulls everything towards the center of the Earth, keeping us firmly on the ground. The strength of gravity depends on two things: how big an object is and how far apart objects are. If something is very big or has a lot of things in it (like the Earth) it has a strong pull of gravity. But if things are far away from each other, the pull of gravity is weaker. That’s why astronauts feel weightless in space because the force of gravity there is much smaller. Gravity is really important in our everyday lives. It makes things fall down when we drop them and keeps us from floating away when we walk or jump. It also affects the tides, making the ocean water rise and fall. Without gravity, the planets wouldn’t stay in their paths, and life as we know wouldn’t exist either. Gravity is important not only on Earth, but also as a force that shapes the entire universe. It keeps galaxies well, allowing stars to form and planets to exist. Gravity also influences events in space such as black holes and the bending (弯曲) of light around large objects. Gravity is a powerful force that controls how things move in space and keeps us on the ground. It affects how objects fall and the rise and fall of the ocean. Therefore, it is essential for our everyday lives. 33. How does the passage bring up the topic? A. Tell stories. B. Ask questions. C. Give a definition. D. Make a comparison. 34. According to the passage, why do we feel weightless in space? A. The force of gravity is weaker in space. B. There is no gravity in space. C. Objects in space have no mass. D. Distance has no effect on gravity in space. 35. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A. The force of gravity is stronger between closer objects. B. Gravity plays a role in the formation of stars and galaxies. C. Gravity is only present on Earth as well as on Mars. D. Gravity is responsible for keeping planets in orbit around the sun. 36. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Gravity is a mysterious force that is not fully understood. B. Gravity only affects celestial bodies and has little impact on our daily lives. C. The influence of gravity extends to various aspects of our lives. D. Gravity is a force that can be ignored in our day- to- day activities. 【答案】33. C 34. A 35. C 36. C 【解析】本文主要介绍了重力这一物理概念，包括它的定义、作用以及对宇宙和日常生活的重要性。 33. 推理判断题。根据“Gravity, the invisible force that keeps our feet on the ground, is a basic concept in physics. Understanding gravity is important in unlocking the secrets of the universe.”可知，文章通过给出重力的定义来引出话题，故选C。 34. 细节理解题。根据“That’s why astronauts feel weightless in space because the force of gravity there is much smaller.”可知，我们在太空中感觉失重是因为那里的重力小得多，故选A。 35. 细节理解题。根据“Gravity is a force of attraction that exists between any two objects in the universe.”可知，重力存在于宇宙中任何两个物体之间，而不仅仅是在地球和火星上，故选C。 36. 推理判断题。根据“Gravity is important not only on Earth, but also as a force that shapes the entire universe. It keeps galaxies well, allowing stars to form and planets to exist. Gravity also influences events in space such as black holes and the bending (弯曲) of light around large objects.”可知，重力的影响延伸到我们生活的各个方面，故选C。 Passage 8（25·深圳外国语学校·期中） In China, many students spend much of their time on their own things, and don’t help with housework at home. As a result, they don’t have basic life skills. Luckily, things are changing. Now, many schools begin to teach students life skills. Guangming Middle School has set up some farming clubs. Students learn to plant vegetable there. “At first, I thought I could only grow some vegetables here, but in fact, I have learnt a lot about vegetables,” said Chen Jia, a girl at the school. In Hope Middle School, students have a life skill class. They learn to make dumplings in different shapes. “I couldn’t make dumplings before, but now I am good at doing it. I really love my life skill class. It’s my favorite class,” said Zhang Yan, a boy at the school. In fact, learning life skills is as important as learning Chinese and maths, because it helps us prepare for our future life. Boys and girls. do you help your parents do housework at home? If not, maybe you should get started now. 11. What is the common problem of most Chinese students? A. They show no interest in basic skills. B. They hardly gain any basic life skills. C. They have no chance to do their own things. D. They spend little time on their personal hobbies. 12. What has Chen Jia learnt in the farming club? A. How to set up a club. B. Just how to plant vegetables. C. Some information about farming. D. Much knowledge about vegetables. 13. What did Zhang Yan think of his life skill lesson? A. It was his least favorite class. B. It showed him the meaning of a life skill. C. It made him skilled in making dumplings. D. It taught him to make dumplings in one shape. 14. Who is the passage written for? A. Teachers. B. Parents. C. Clubs. D. Students. 15. What is the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 【答案】11. B 12. D 13. C 14. D 15. A 【解析】本文通过举例两个学校开展的生活技能课程学习来说明了学习生活技能与学习文化知识一样重要。 11. 细节理解题。根据“As a result, they don’t have basic life skills.”可知，大多数中国学生缺乏基本生活技能。故选B。 12. 细节理解题。根据陈佳说的“At first, I thought I could only grow some vegetables here, but in fact, I have learnt a lot about vegetables,”可知，陈佳在农耕俱乐部学到了很多关于蔬菜的知识。故选D。 13. 细节理解题。根据张岩说的“I couldn’t make dumplings before, but now I am good at doing it.”可知，张岩认为他的生活技能课让他擅长制作饺子。故选C。 14. 推理判断题。根据“Boys and girls. do you help your parents do housework at home? If not, maybe you should get started now.”可知，文章是写给学生的。故选D。 15. 篇章结构题。通读全文，文章第一段先摆出事实，说明大多数中国学生缺乏基本生活技能；第二段与第三段通过几个例子进行详细说明；最后一段肯定学习基本生活技能的必要性，并号召学生要积极参与，因此文章是总分总结构。故选A。 Passage 9（25·深圳实验中学初中部·期中） Plastic is useful. It’s in a lot of things we use every day, from clothes to pens, and bottles to toys. But there’s a problem. Most plastic is not biodegradable (可生物降解的), and a lot of it ends up in the sea. How big is the problem? There are billions of bits of plastic in the world’s sea! Every ocean and every beach has plastic, from large objects to small pieces called microplastics. Tons of plastic go into the sea every year. Increasing like this, by 2050 there will be more plastic than fish in the sea! How does plastic harm sea animals? Fish, sea turtles, and birds think plastic is food, and they eat it. The plastic stays in their stomachs. Dead seabirds are found with stomachs full of plastic. Whales, dolphins, and seals are caught by plastic bags or fishing nets. It’s said that millions of ocean animals die each year because of plastic rubbish in the sea around the world. What can we do? Many people and organizations around the world are taking action. In some countries, plastic bags aren’t allowed to use. Scientists are developing new biodegradable plastic. Many communities are trying to use less plastic and recycle more. Kids are playing their part, such as working to make their schools “zero plastic”. Plastic pollution is becoming more and more serious, so it’s necessary for us to produce, buy and use fewer plastic products. Above all, one person can’t solve it alone, but together we will make a difference. 36. What will happen to the world’s oceans by 2050 according to the passage? A. Tons of plastic will enter the ocean. B. There will be more plastic than fish. C. There will be billions of bits of plastic. D. Every ocean and beach will have plastic. 37. Many fish, sea turtles, and birds die because ________ according to the passage. A. they eat plenty of plastic B. they don’t have food to eat C. they are caught by fishermen D. they are caught by plastic bags 38. In Paragraph 5, the writer advises us to ________. A. make the problem more serious B. solve the problem on our own C. buy more plastic products alone D. work together to solve the problem 39. In which part of the newspaper can we read the text? A. Travel. B. Science. C. History. D. Sport. 40. How is the text organized? (① = Paragraph 1, ② = Paragraph 2, ...) A. B. C. D. 【答案】36. B 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. B 【解析】本文主要介绍了塑料污染的严重性、塑料对海洋动物的危害以及我们能做什么。 36. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Increasing like this, by 2050 there will be more plastic than fish in the sea!”可知，如果继续这样增长下去，到2050年海洋里的塑料将比鱼还多。故选B。 37. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Fish, sea turtles, and birds think plastic is food, and they eat it. The plastic stays in their stomachs.”可知，鱼、海龟和鸟认为塑料是食物，就把塑料吃了，结果塑料留在它们的胃里，导致了它们的死亡。故选A。 38. 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Above all, one person can’t solve it alone, but together we will make a difference.”可知，一个人不能独自解决这个问题，但只要我们齐心协力就能有所作为。故选D。 39. 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了塑料污染的严重性、塑料对海洋动物的危害以及我们能做什么，因此文章可能选自报纸的“科学”部分，故选B。 40. 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，本文是“总—分—总”结构。第一段引出塑料污染这一话题；第二段至第四段分别介绍了塑料污染的严重性、塑料对海洋动物的危害以及我们能做什么；第五段总结全文，号召大家齐心协力解决塑料污染问题。因此选项B与之相符，故选B。 Passage 10（25·深圳红岭教育集团·期中） What may two dogs making radio programs look like? How about a basketball match with different sea animals as players? With Sora, you may soon be able to find out. The latest AI model can generate videos up to a minute long from some key words in seconds. It was built by OpenAI, the company behind the popular chatbot ChatGPT. The public cannot use Sora now. OpenAI is asking experts to test it for possible risks (风险). The model is also open to a small group of artists. The company hopes to make Sora better. Before Sora, the leading text-to-video AI model was made by Runway. The videos it produced were short and often frightening. So most people were surprised by the high quality of Sora’s videos. Sora model isn’t perfect now because it may not understand cause and effect. “For example, a person may take a bite out of a cookie, but then the cookie may not have a bite mark,” OpenAI says on its website. What’s more, Sora cannot tell left or right. In a video on the OpenAI website, a man is running on a treadmill (跑步机) in the opposite direction. At the same time, some people have other worries. They are afraid that some people may not use AI-generated content in a correct way. Unreal AI-generated information is the biggest risk the world faces. To solve this problem, OpenAI says that it’s also building tools to help users to find out videos made by Sora. 21. How does the writer introduce the topic? A. By telling a story. B. By using a saying. C. By asking questions. D. By giving some facts. 22. What does the underlined word “generate” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Appear. B. Produce. C. Support. D. Dig. 23. Who can use Sora now? A. Every artist. B. A chatbot. C. Some experts. D. Any student. 24. Why were people surprised by Sora’s videos? A. Because Sora’s videos were made from ChatGPT. B. Because Sora’s videos were short and frightening. C. Because Sora’s videos were produced in high quality. D. Because Sora’s videos can tell cause and effect. 25. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph? A. There are some problems of Sora model. B. People are worried about Sora model. C. OpenAI helps solve Sora model’s problem. D. The public are waiting to use Sora model. 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24. C 25. A 【解析】这篇短文主要介绍了OpenAI公司最新开发的AI模型Sora，它能根据关键词在几秒钟内生成长达一分钟的短视频。目前Sora还未对公众开放，正在接受专家的风险测试和小部分艺术家的试用，以改进其功能。文章提到，Sora的视频质量令人惊喜，但仍有缺陷，比如不理解因果关系和左右方向，同时也存在AI生成内容被不当使用的担忧。OpenAI表示正在开发工具以帮助用户识别由Sora生成的视频。 21. 细节理解题。根据第一段“What may two dogs making radio programs look like? How about a basketball match with different sea animals as players?”可知，通过问题引入主题。故选C。 22. 词句猜测题。根据第二段“a minute long from some key words in seconds.”结合选项可知，应说最新的人工智能模型可以在几秒钟内从一些关键词生成长达一分钟的视频。所以“generate”意为“生成”与“Produce”意思相符。故选B。 23. 细节理解题。根据第三段“The public cannot use Sora now. OpenAI is asking experts to test it for possible risks. The model is also open to a small group of artists.”可知，一些专家可以使用Sora。故选C。 24. 细节理解题。根据第四段“So most people were surprised by the high quality of Sora’s videos.”可知，因为Sora的视频制作质量很高。故选C。 25. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Sora model isn’t perfect now because it may not understand cause and effect.”可知，最后一段说的是Sora模型存在一些问题。故选A。 Passage 11（25·深圳莲花中学·期中） Are you at a new school? Being a new student can make you worried at first, but if you are afraid of it too much, you can’t live a happy school life. Here are different ways to get along with your classmates, from joining in after-school activities to starting a conversation (交谈) in class. Here are some tips to help you make new friends at school. Introduce yourself to people first. Start by offering your name first. A basic introduction is a great way to put yourself out there. You might also talk about something that you are good at. For example, if you say you are good at playing the piano, someone may want to learn more about the piano. Give a hand to a classmate in need. Helping a classmate is a good way to make friends. You might help someone pick up the notebooks they dropped or let someone borrow a pencil. Being kind is a great way to make friends with others, such as offering part of your lunch to someone who forgot theirs or offering to read textbooks together with someone who forgot to bring theirs. Keep your eye out for classmates with same interests. Look at your classmates’ interests and activities. Do you see someone reading your favorite book or wearing a T-shirt of your favorite color? These common interests can help you find people you’re more likely to get along with. 16. What does the underlined word “it” refer to (指代)? A. Living a happy school life. B. Getting along with your classmates. C. Being a new student at school. D. Starting a conversation in class 17. When meeting someone new, how should you start conversations? A. By introducing yourself first. B. By asking about his or her job. C. By talking about the weather. D. By waiting for him or her to speak first 18. How can you show your kindness to your classmates? ①By picking up their notebooks.         ②By buying them a nice pencil ③By offering them part of your lunch.     ④By sharing textbooks with them. A. ①②③ B. ①③④ C. ②③④ D. ①②④ 19. Which of the following ways can help you find classmates you might get along with? A. Looking at classmates’ hobbies B. Asking classmates about their grades C. Reading classmates’ favourite books D. Wearing same clothes with classmates 20. Why did the writer write the passage? A. To share some kinds of after-school activities. B. To teach students the importance of good friends. C. To help students find their interests in their daily life. D. To give some advice on making friends at a new school. 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. B 19. A 20. D 【解析】本文主要介绍了帮助你在学校结交新朋友的一些建议。 16. 词句猜测题。根据“Being a new student can make you worried at first, but if you are afraid of it too much, you can’t live a happy school life.”可知，作为一名新生，一开始你可能会感到担心，但如果你害怕太多，你就无法过上快乐的学校生活，因此划线单词it代指的是作为学校的一名新生。故选C。 17. 细节理解题。根据“Introduce yourself to people first.”可知，结识新朋友时，应首先介绍你自己。故选A。 18. 细节理解题。根据“You might help someone pick up the notebooks they dropped or let someone borrow a pencil.”以及“Being kind is a great way to make friends with others, such as offering part of your lunch to someone who forgot theirs or offering to read textbooks together with someone who forgot to bring theirs.”可知，可以通过捡起他们的笔记本，提供给他们一部分你的午餐以及与他们分享课本。故选B。 19. 细节理解题。根据“Keep your eye out for classmates with same interests. Look at your classmates’ interests and activities.”可知，通过观察同学的兴趣爱好可以找到可能合得来的同学。故选A。 20. 主旨大意题。通读全文以及“We’ve collected the best tips to help you make new friends at school.”可知，作者的目的是给一些在新学校交朋友的建议。故选D。 Passage 12 Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give friendship back. That is why some friendships don’t last very long. To have a friend, you must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous; be understanding. Honesty helps start a good friendship. Friends must be able to trust each other. If you don’t tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you are not honest, you may lose your friend’s trust. Good friends should always speak and act honestly. Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You don’t have to give your lunch money or your clothes, or enjoyments, like your hobbies and your interests. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. They tell your friend what is important to you. By sharing them, you help your friend know you better. Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. So to be a friend you must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place so you can understand the problem better. No two friendships are ever exactly alike. But all true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friendships, you must practice honesty, generosity and understanding. 6. Some friendships don’t last very long because ________. A. too many people want to make friends B. some people receive friendship but don’t give friendship back C. some people give others friendship and receive friendship from others D. they don’t know friendship is something important 7. According to the text, honesty is ________. A. something unimportant B. the base（基础）of friendship C. as important as money D. more important than anything else 8. From the text, we know the word “generous” means ________. A. 友好的 B. 善良的 C. 大方的 D. 善解人意的 9. What does the word “them” refer to（指代）in the third paragraph? A. your ideas and feelings B. your hobbies and interests C. your lunch money and clothes D. your clothes and enjoyments 10. Which of the following is NOT TRUE in the text? A. Friends should always speak and act honestly. B. Sharing your ideas with your friend is very important. C. A friend who gives you his lunch money is a true friend. D. Talking about your problems with your friend often helps to solve the problem. 【答案】6. B 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. C 【解析】本文介绍了做一个好朋友所要学会的三个原则是诚实、慷慨、理解。 6. 细节理解题。根据“Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give friendship back. That is why some friendships don’t last（持续）very long.”（太多的人希望别人成为他们的朋友，他们不会回报友谊。这就是为什么有些友谊不会持续很长时间。）可知，有些友谊不会持续很长时间，因为有些人得到友谊，但不回报友谊。故选B。 7. 细节理解题。根据“Honesty helps start a good friendship.”（诚实有助于建立良好的友谊。）可知，诚实是最重要的友谊的基础。故选B。 8. 词义猜测题。根据“Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow.” 可知，划线单词“generous”与分享有关，意思是“大方的、慷慨的”，故选C。 9. 推理判断题。根据前文“Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings.”（你自然会想分享你的想法和感受。）可知，”them”这个词指的是“你的想法和感受”，故选A。 10. 推理判断题。根据“You don’t have to give your lunch money or your clothes,or enjoyments, like your hobbies and your interests.”可知，C选项“A friend who gives you his lunch money is a true friend.”（给你午餐钱的朋友才是真正的朋友。）描述与原文不符，故此处C选项是不正确的，故选C。 Passage 13 Autumn in Tibet(西藏) is very beautiful because there are many fresh and bright colors everywhere. In north Tibet, one can travel several hundred kilometers by car and cannot see even a person. You can hardly see people. You can see treeless(无树木的) fields and grasslands. Warm autumn days bring life to nature. Wild animals become active, and Tibet antelopes(羚羊) like to play near the lakes. When they run, sometimes they can reach 80 km an hour. They often leave the hungry wolves far behind. Autumn in south Tibet is very different from that in north Tibet. Mount Qomolangma in southwest Tibet, the highest mountain on Earth, is famous for its beauty. It is over 8, 000 meters high. There are over 2, 300 kinds of plants and about 300 different kinds of animals on Mount Qomolangma. If you can come to Tibet at this time of year, you can see the most beautiful scenery. 29. Why is autumn in Tibet very beautiful? A. Because there is gold color everywhere. B. Because there are many colors everywhere. C. Because you cannot see people. D. Because you can eat a lot of fruit. 30. What does the underlined(下划线的) word “they” mean in paragraph 2? A. People in Tibet. B. Wild animals in Tibet. C. Autumn in Tibet. D. Tibet antelopes. 31. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. Mount Qomolangma is in southwest Tibet. B. Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain on Earth. C. Mount Qomolangma is over 8, 000 meters high. D. There are over 2, 300 kinds of animals on Mount Qomolangma. 32. Where can you read this passage? A. In a storybook. B. In a dictionary. C. In a travel magazine. D. In a joke book. 【答案】29. B 30. D 31. D 32. C 【解析】本文主要描述了西藏秋季的美丽景色，以及在西藏北部和南部看到的完全不同的景象。 29. 细节理解题。根据“Autumn in Tibet(西藏) is very beautiful because there are many fresh and bright colors everywhere.”可知，西藏的秋天非常美丽，因为到处都是鲜艳的色彩。故选B。 30. 词义猜测题。根据“Wild animals become active, and Tibet antelopes(羚羊) like to play near the lakes. When they run, sometimes they can reach 80 km an hour.”可知，野生动物变得活跃起来，藏羚羊喜欢在湖边玩耍。当它们奔跑时，有时能达到每小时80公里。所以they指的是藏羚羊，故选D。 31. 细节理解题。根据“There are over 2, 300 kinds of plants and about 300 different kinds of animals on Mount Qomolangma.”可知，珠穆朗玛峰上有2300多种植物和300多种野生动物。D选项的表述错误，故选D。 32. 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要描述了西藏秋季的美丽景色，以及在西藏北部和南部看到的完全不同的景象。结合选项可推理出，本文最有可能出现在旅行杂志上。故选C。 Passage 14 Good study habits(习惯) are important for all students. When you have good study habits, you’ll learn faster. Do you usually study in the living room? This is not a good place for study because it is usually too noisy. You need to study in a quiet place, such as your bedroom. A quiet place will help you learn better. Before you begin to study, do not forget to clean your desk. It helps you study well, too. Light is also important. You’ll feel tired easily if there is not enough light. Of all the good study habits you can develop (养成), asking questions is the key. Just ask. No one knows everything, but we can always learn from each other by asking questions. One easy but important habit is to tell yourself what you’re studying for. Put your target(目标) on the wall next to your bed or desk That means you’ll see and think about it every day. When do you work best? Are you an early bird, a night owl (猫头鹰), or something in between? Find your most productive work time, and then plan to study at that time. 29. Why is the living room not a good place for study? A. Because it is too quiet. B. Because it is too small. C. Because it is too noisy. D. Because it doesn’t have the desk for study. 30. According to the passage, what should you do before you study? A. Clean the desk. B. Put your story books away.; C. Ask questions. D. Develop study habits. 31. Why should we put our targets on the wall? A. To make us happy. B. To make our parents happy. C. To make the wall beautiful. D. To tell us what we are studying for. 32. What docs the underlined word “productive” mean in Chinese? A. 有效的 B. 有趣的 C. 精彩的 D. 愉快的 33. What is the best title for this passage? A. Study in the Bedroom B. Good Study Habits Are Important C. How to Study D. Light Is Important 【答案】29. C 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. B 【解析】本文主要讲述了好的学习习惯的重要性，详细地介绍了如何更好的培养良好的学习习惯。 29. 细节理解题。根据“Do you usually study in the living room? This is not a good place for study because it is usually too noisy.”可知，客厅不是一个学习的好地方，因为它通常太吵了。故选C。 30. 推理判断题。根据“Before you begin to study, do not forget to clean your desk.”可知，在你开始学习之前，不要忘记打扫你的桌子。故选A。 31. 推理判断题。根据“One easy but important habit is to tell yourself what you’re studying for. Put your target(目标) on the wall next to your bed or desk That means you’ll see and think about it every day.”可知，把你的目标贴在你床边或书桌旁边的墙上，这意味着你每天都会看到并思考它。所以是为了提醒自己是为什么而学习，故选D。 32. 词句猜测题。根据“Find your most productive work time, and then plan to study at that time.”由计划在这个时候学习，可猜测出前句应是：找到你最有成效的学习时间。故下划线单词的意思应是“有成效的”，故选A。 33. 最佳标题题。通读全文，尤其根据“Good study habits(习惯) are important for all students. When you have good study habits, you’ll learn faster.”可知，文章的最佳标题应是“良好的学习习惯”。故选B。 Passage 15 Thousands of miles from the Earth, in outer space, is a small planet, far from the Sun, behind a much bigger planet. Little green aliens live there. They use torches to see. One day, a young alien, Neila, put the wrong batteries in her torch. Suddenly, there was bright light. It went up into the sky, around the Sun and reached the Earth. The light hit a boy called Billy and his dog. Neila quickly turned the torch off, but the pair were caught by the light. They flew through space and landed near Neila. “ Hello,” said Billy. Neila smiled. “ Wow!” said Billy, “Everything’s made of ice cream!” “The ice cream never melts (融化), and nobody eats it. It’s too cold here,” said Neila. Neila looked sad. “Can you help us?” she said, “We need sunshine to make things grow.” “No problem,” said Billy, “Can you get us home? I have an idea.” “Wait there!” said Neila. She got her torch, put the wrong batteries in again—ZOOM! Billy and his dog flew back to the Earth. Billy pointed his bedroom mirror between the Sun and Fliptune. The sunlight bounced off the mirror and up onto Neila’s planet. Thanks to Billy, Fliptune is not cold any more. Billy moves the mirror every day to keep the sun shining there. Now Neila and her friends sit in the sun and enjoy all the free ice cream. 26. What does the underlined phrase “the pair”  refer to in paragraph 4? A. The batteries. B. Billy and his dog. C. Billy and Neila. D. The torch and the batteries. 27. How did Neila help Billy and his dog go back to the Earth? A. By moving the mirror. B. By turning off the torch. C. By pointing the bedroom mirror. D. By putting the wrong batteries in the torch. 28. In what order did the following happen in this passage? a. Neila asked Billy for help. b. Billy and his dog flew to Fliptune. c. Neila helped Billy and his dog back to the Earth. d. Billy moved the mirror every day to warm Fliptune. A. c-a-d-b B. c-a-b-d C. b-a-d-c D. b-a-c-d 29. Which picture best shows the underlined sentence in paragraph 12? A. B. C. D. 30. Which of the following best describes Billy? A. Clever and kind. B. Brave but forgetful. C. Kind and strong. D. Clever but careless. 【答案】26. B 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. A 【解析】本文主要讲述了聪明善良的Billy用镜子将阳光反射到Fliptune星球上，让那里不再寒冷的事情。 26. 词义猜测题。根据“The light hit a boy called Billy and his dog...but the pair were caught by the light.”可知，灯光打在了Billy和他的狗身上，所以“the pair”指代Billy和他的狗。故选B。 27. 细节理解题。根据“She got her torch, put the wrong batteries in again—ZOOM! Billy and his dog flew back to the Earth.”可知，Neila将错误的电池装进手电筒后，Billy和他的狗飞回了地球。故选D。 28. 细节理解题。根据“They flew through space and landed near Neila.”、“Neila looked sad. ‘Can you help us?’”、“She got her torch, put the wrong batteries in again—ZOOM! Billy and his dog flew back to the Earth.”和“Billy moves the mirror every day to keep the sun shining there.”可知，文章中事情发展的先后顺序是：Billy和他的狗飞往Fliptune→Neila向Billy求助→Neila帮助Billy和他的狗返回地球→Billy每天移动镜子来温暖Fliptune，题干中对应的顺序为b-a-c-d。故选D。 29. 细节理解题。根据“The sunlight bounced off the mirror and up onto Neila’s planet.”可知，太阳光先照射到镜子上，然后反射到Fliptune上。故选A。 30. 推理判断题。根据“Thanks to Billy, Fliptune is not cold any more. Billy moves the mirror every day to keep the sun shining there.”可知，多亏了Billy每天移动镜子来反射太阳光，Fliptune星球不再寒冷了，所以Billy既聪明又善良。故选A。 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题08阅读理解之 说明文 【通关练】 Passage 1（Unit 1 Friendship） Passage 1文章内容：谈论朋友的作用重要性 ①When we were little kids, we knew that having friends was important. Some of us even had imaginary (想象中的) friends. As we grew up, the need for friends changed. Friends are important to our personalities . As adults, it is still important for us to have friends. ②True friends are people who like us though we made mistakes and who listen to us and tell us the truth. Friends are always with us and tell us when we’re foolish. ③They laugh with us and share our sadness. They are our partners and share interests with us. They stimulate us when we are feeling unhappy. They are people we aren’t afraid of telling our secret wishes to or what is really in our minds. ④Friends play a very important role in our life. First of all, friends are our supporters. You feel safe and warm with friends around you. Most importantly, friends can give you emotional support . ⑤At times, they give much support to our everyday lives, cooking a meal, doing the housework, or giving us a lift when we need one. Friends are also there to give advice, an ear to listen, or a shoulder (肩膀) to cry on. ⑥Friends are also helpers around us, especially helping reduce stress . Not only do they listen to us when we feel stressed, but they also talk about what is stressing us. ⑦They can help us forget about problems at work or at home by sharing interests and doing activities with them. For a short time, we can lose ourselves in the activity and perhaps laugh more happily 11. The underlined word “stimulate” in Paragraph 3 probably means ________. A. 激励 B. 打击 C. 提醒 D. 掩饰 12. We can learn from the passage that friends always ________. A. tell us to do foolish things B. share our sadness and interests C. tell us other people’s secrets D. leave us alone when we need help 13. According to this passage, the writer mainly wants to tell us ________. A. people should not make friends B. a friend helps you in many ways C. people can cook a meal and do the housework D. good friends are always difficult to meet 14. The best structure (结构) of this passage is ________. （①=Para. 1 ②=Para. 2 ③-Para. 3 ④-Para. 4 ⑤-Para. 5 ⑥-Para. 6 ⑦-Para. 7） A. B. C. D. 15. What does the article mainly talk about? A. The importance of having friends in our childhood B. The role of friends in providing emotional and practical support C. How to make friends and maintain friendships D. The psychological benefits of having imaginary friends Passage 2（Unit 2 School life） Passage 2文章内容：介绍了澳大利亚的校园生活 School life in Australia means new friends, new skills and interests. It is never boring. There’s always something new in school or after class. Teachers and students here often do different subjects or activities（活动）together. They can also be from different ages. In year 10 to 12. students usually have four to five classes of between 40 and 90 minutes each, a break in the morning and quite a long lunchtime for a school day. Students usually spend lunchtime talking, visiting teachers for help, studying or playing sports. Don’t worry about making friends. It is not hard when you join clubs in school and after class. Australian students and teachers are very friendly. They will always help you when you need them. And they always show an interest in what you and the other students in your class think. Going to a school in Australia is not all about study, study and study. You can do well in your study and still enjoy your life outside school at the same time. 1.How many classes do the students in year 11 have for a school day? A. Two to three B. Three to four C. Four to five D. Five to six 2.According to the passage, students in year 10 to 12 usually don’t ________ at lunchtime. A. talk. B. sleep. C. study. D.do sports. 3.The underlined word “it” refers to（指的是）“________”. A. Joining in activities. B. having classes. C. Making friends. D. visiting teachers. 4.What’s the best title of the passage? A. The school life in Australia. B. guidebook to Australia. C. program for Australian teachers. D. plan for school activities. Passage 3（Unit 3 The seasons） Passage 3文章内容：介绍了北京四个季节 There are four seasons in Beijing, the capital of China-short windy spring, long hot summer, cool pleasant autumn and long cold winter. The hottest month is July and the coldest is January. September and October with the pleasant and cool weather are the best time to visit this city.    Spring To visit this city in spring (early April till the end of May) you need to bring lightweight (薄型的) clothing: long-sleeved shirts (长袖衬衫) or T-shirts, jackets and sweaters. It is warm, windy and dry but the temperature changes sharply between the day and the night. Dress warmly when going out at night. Summer Summer (from early June to mid-September) is very hot with much rain. This calls for light clothes as the temperature in July and August ranges (变化) between 30℃ and 40℃. Short and heavy rainstorms may come suddenly in the afternoon on sunny days.    Autumn The short but beautiful autumn (from mid-September to the end of October) is travelers’ all-time favorite. Autumn in this city enjoys comfortable temperature and a lot of sunshine. Long-sleeved shirts and thin coats are necessary for autumn. From late October the temperature comes down sharply, so warm clothing is a must.    Winter    This city has a cold, dry and long winter from early November to the next March. The cold days have no let up (缓和) despite (尽管) sunny days. The average temperature in December, January and February is below 0℃. Be sure to wear wool sweaters and thick coats for winter. 29. Spring in Beijing lasts __________. A. about 2 months B. more than three months C. only one and a half month D. five months 30. What’s the weather often like in Beijing in summer? A. Warm, windy and dry. B. Hot and rainy. C. Sunny and cool. D. Long and cold. 31. If you put a cup of water in the open air (露天) in Beijing in February, what will happen? A. Nothing will happen. B. The cup becomes smaller. C. The water will turn into ice. D. The cup and the water will disappear. 32. The title of the passage may be _________. A. How to visit Beijing B. Four seasons in Beijing C. The capital of China D. What to eat in Beijing Passage 4（Unit 4 The Earth） Passage 4文章内容：谈论保护地球的 The Earth is very important to us. Most of us don' t want to pollute it. But we don't protect the Earth in some correct ways. Here are some easy things that you can do to protect the environment(环境)and the Earth. Plant flowers, grass or trees. The plants can make the environment around you become beautiful. Also, more trees and plants can make the air clean. When you visit a park or beach, take away what you bring there ---- keep rubbish in a bag until you can throw it into a dustbin(垃圾桶). Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. You can save some water by not letting it run all the time. Also, use a glass cup instead of (代替)a paper cup because this can protect forests. Stop putting dirty water into the rivers or lakes. In this way, you can protect plants and fish in the rivers or lakes. Ask all your friends to do the same things to help protect the Earth. You don't have to wait for Earth Day to do these things. Make every day Earth Day. If everyone does something good to protect the Earth, it will become more beautiful. 1. If we want to make the air clean, we should _______. A. plant more B. keep more rubbish C. save more water D. eat less fish 2. What does the underlined word "correct" mean? A. Bad B. Good C. Wrong D. Right 3. Which way to protect the Earth is not talked about in the passage? A. Not throwing away rubbish anywhere. B. Saving water in daily life. C. Asking your friends to protect the Earth together. D. Turning off the light when you don't use it. 4. What's the main idea of the passage? A. The Earth is important. B. How to protect the Earth. C. People are polluting the Earth. D. How to make our friends protect the Earth. 5. Where may the passage come from? A. A storybook. B. A cook book. C. A travel book. D. An environment magazine. 【真题演练】 Passage 1（25·广大附中·期中） The Double Ninth Festival is on the ninth day of the ninth month on the Chinese lunar calendar (阴历) each year. As nine is the biggest number from one to ten, and it sounds the same as “long” in Chinese, people’s wishes for old people’s long life is the cultural meaning of the Double Ninth Festival. Caring for old people is a traditional Chinese virtue (美德). A report made online by China Youth Daily polled (民意调查) 1,527 Chinese under 40. It shows that more and more young people show their love for the old on this festival. When the newspaper asks the ways they show love for the old, more than 70% of people say they show love for old people by caring about their health. 69% say they spend more time with old people. 43% say they give enough money for old people. More than 30% say they teach old people how to use smart phone (智能手机) better. Lili, a 21-year-old student says she spends the festival with her grandparents almost every year because she wants to make them happy. However, she is studying in Hebei Province and can’t visit her grandparents this year. “But I made a video call to them by using WeChat on that day, saying ‘Happy Double Ninth Festival’. It made my grandparents excited and satisfied.” 49. Why is the Double Ninth Festival on the 9th day of the 9th lunar month? A. To show wishes for old people’s rich life. B. To show wishes for old people’s long life. C. To show wishes for old people’s good luck. D. To show wishes for old people’s good health. 50. Who made the report according to Paragraph 2? A. A school. B. A student. C. A hospital. D. A newspaper. 51. What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A. Over 70% of people care about old people’s hobbies. B. More than 70% of people spend more time with old people. C. About 40% of people give the old with little money. D. Over 30% of people teach the old to use computers better. 52. In which part of a newspaper can you find the passage? A. Culture. B. Science. C. Literature. D. Health. Passage 2（25·广州白云中学教育集团·期中） ① When spring ends, there comes the first solar term (节气) of summer, Lixia, or the Start of Summer. Lixia is the seventh of the 24 Chinese solar terms. It started on May 6 of this year and ended on May 20. ② Farmers are usually happy to welcome the coming of Lixia. Plants and crops begin to grow faster during this time. Lixia is the best time of year to plant early rice in the south of China. It is also a good time to collect tea leaves. ③ In China, there’re many old traditions (传统) during Lixia. For example, people cook different kinds of beans (豆) with rice in some places. The beans are red, yellow, black and green while the rice is white. It is also called Five-Coloured Rice and shows people’s good wishes for a colourful life. In other places, parents prepare bags with a boiled egg in them and make their children wear the bags around their necks. They think this can stop their children from getting ill in summer. ④ The tradition of eating ice at the beginning of summer has a long history in China. In old times, during Lixia, emperors would give ice to their courtiers (朝臣). Icy drinks were quite popular then. ⑤ There’re also other Lixia traditions like singing folk songs. People also weigh themselves during Lixia. The tradition started from the Three Kingdoms Period (220—280). People think this will bring health and good luck to them. 33. Which is NOT mentioned (提到) in the first two paragraphs? A. How farmers feel about Lixia. B. On which day Lixia fell this year. C. Why crops begin to grow quickly during Lixia. D. Where Lixia ranks (排名) in the 24 solar terms. 34. What does the underlined word “this” refer to? A. Cooking five-coloured rice. B. Eating some beans every day. C. Making wishes on the first day of Lixia. D. Wearing a bag with a boiled egg in it. 35. Which of the following is TRUE? A. The writer talks about four different traditions during Lixia. B. The Five-Coloured Rice is made of rice of five different colours. C. People think weighing themselves during Lixia can bring good luck. D. The tradition of eating ice started from the Three Kingdoms Period. 36. Which is the structure (结构) of the passage? A. ①/②/③④⑤. B. ①/②③④/⑤. C. ①/②③/④⑤. D. ①②/③/④⑤. 37. What is the purpose (目的) of this passage? A. To show the writer’s love for summer. B. To tell readers something about Lixia. C. To tell readers how to eat well in summer. D. To teach readers what to do in summer. Passage 3（25·广州中学·期中） Why are the leaves on trees different colors? What makes them change color? Leaves use sunlight, water, and air to make food for the trees. This way of making food is called photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is important to animals as well as plants. Some animals eat plants. Other animals eat these animals. Summer is playtime. For the leaves of many trees, however, it’s work, work, work! The Sun is shining. The leaves are making food for the trees. The trees keep more than enough food deep inside. Leaves are green in summer because they are making food. Leaves also have orange, yellow, or brown colors inside them. During summer, those colors are covered by the green color. Many places get colder in fall with shorter days and longer nights. Trees get less sunlight, so photosynthesis slows down. Over time, leaves stop making the green chemical. The hidden orange, yellow, and brown colors grow when that happens. Once it gets cold enough and ice appears at night, the trees drop their leaves. They do this to keep themselves safe. If the leaves turn to ice while still on the trees, the trees can be hurt. Trees that drop their leaves are bare (光秃秃) in winter. They use the food they save in summer to get through the cold days and nights. Spring comes before long. Ice and snow disappear and the rains come. The Sun shines, and tiny leaves grow from branches. Once again, the leaves use sunlight, water, and air to make food. The cycle begins again. 33. What is photosynthesis according to the passage? A. It is a way of growing leaves. B. It is a way of changing colors. C. It is a way for animals to eat plants. D. It is a way to make food for plants. 34. What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. The colors. B. The leaves. C. The trees. D. The animals. 35. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Leaves are green because they only have green colour. B. Less sunlight stops leaves from making the green chemical in fall. C. Trees drop their leaves on cold days because they are dying. D. Leaves are important because they make the trees beautiful. 36. What is the best title of the article? A. The colors of the tree leaves. B. The trees in different seasons. C. The importance of the sunlight. D. The changes of the four seasons. Passage 4（25·广州第一中学·期中） We like talking about the weather. This is true. People usually begin their talks with “Isn’t it a nice day?” “Do you think it will rain?” or “What a hot day! ” Many people think they can tell what the weather is going to be like. But they often don’t agree with each other. One person may say, “Do you see how cloudy it is in the east? It’s going to rain tomorrow.” Another person will say, “No, it’s going to be sunny tomorrow.” People often look for the weather they want. When a farmer needs water, he looks for something to tell him it’s going to rain. He won’t believe anything else. When friends want to take a trip, they are sure the weather is going to be fine very soon. We listen to the weatherman every day, but he doesn’t always tell us the weather we want. And he is wrong sometimes. But he comes closer to being correct than anyone else. So the weather report is still very useful. 34. When people start to talk, they usually talk about ________ first. A. their hobbies B. their work C. the weather D. a trip 35. Many people think they can ________. A. tell what the weather will be like B. change the weather C. have better weather in the future D. change other people’s ideas about the weather 36. According to the writer, when we want to take a trip, we are sure ________. A. the weather will be fine soon B. it’s going to rain soon C. the weather report is wrong D. nothing will stop us 37. What does the writer think of the weather report? A. It’s no use. B. It’s useful. C. It’s getting better. D. It’s getting worse. Passage 5（25·培正中学·期中） There are many stories and poems about the Moon in Chinese history. And nowadays scientists send spaceships to the Moon. Why? Because people are always interested in the Moon and want to know more about it. Here is some information (信息) about it. Let’s see it together. The Moon looks beautiful and bright at night. It is far away from the Earth and if you want to get to the Moon, it will take you about 6 months to get there by car at 95km per hour. There is no gravity on the Moon, so people can enjoy floating there. If you weigh (有……重) 68kg on Earth, you will weigh only 11kg on the Moon. There are many interesting places such as craters (陨石坑), mountains, and lava plains (熔岩平原) on the Moon. There is no air on the Moon, so people can’t breathe on it. On Earth, the day is usually warm and the night is cool. And there are four different seasons in a year. But on the Moon, the temperature is very high during the day and very low at night. And a foil day on the Moon, from the sunrise to the next, lasts about 29.5 Earth days on average (平均). The Moon doesn’t have its own light. It looks bright because it can reflect (反射) light from the Sun. When the Moon moves around the Earth, it gets different light from the Sun. So we find its size often changes. 51. Why are there many stories and poems about the Moon according to the passage? A. Because it is a symbol (象征) of beauty. B. Because people in the past loved it. C. Because people have an interest in it and want to know more-about it. D. Because people want to live there. 52. If you are 45kg on Earth, how much will you weigh on the Moon? A. Less than 5kg. B. About 7kg. C. 9kg. D. Over 10kg. 53. What can we know about the Moon? A. People can go to the Moon by car now. B. People can live on it easily. C. There are four seasons on it. D. If you stay on the Moon for two days, you will spend about fifty-nine days on Earth. 54. What does the underlined word “it” refer to? A. The Moon. B. The Earth. C. The Sun. D. The light. 55. Why does the writer write the passage? A. To tell us the way to the Moon. B. To show us some facts about the Moon. C. To tell us the differences between the Earth and the Moon. D. To tell us some interesting stories about the Moon. Passage 6（25·广州天河外国语学校·期中） Friends are important because they make you happy. They talk with you about many nice things, and they’re there for you when you need help. They don’t need to be the same as you, but they know you well. Sometimes, they even know what you think. You may feel it difficult to make friends. The following two ways may help you make friends easily. Make yourself available (有空的). If you want to make friends, you need to have time to meet and talk with people. If you’re always busy, friends may not come to find you because they don’t want to bother (打扰) you. When you’re at school, you can sit somewhere with other people. It doesn’t have to be a crowded table, but you can try to sit at one table with at least (至少) two other people. Join a club to meet new people. You can join the art club at school if you like drawing. If you love to sing and dance, go to the music club. You will find some people with the same hobby as you. It is easy for you to make friends with them because you can have a nice talk about the hobby. In a word, making time for meeting people plays an important part in making friends and a club is a good place for you to have new friends. 33. Why are friends important according to the passage? ①Because they make us happy. ②Because they tell nice things to us. ③Because they are the same as us. ④Because they can give us help. A. ①③④ B. ①②③ C. ①②④ D. ②③④ 34. Which of the following is important for making friends according to the writer? A. Lots of money. B. Free time. C. Nice clothes. D. Good luck. 35. What can we get from Paragraphs 2 and 3? A. Students can’t be always busy making friends. B. We can’t go to crowded places with our friends. C. We can easily make friends with people having the same hobby as us. D. It’s wrong for people with different hobbies to be friends. 36. What is the structure of this passage? A. ①→②③→④ B. ①→②→③④ C. ①②→③④ D. ①②→③→④ Passage 7（25·沈阳实验中学·期中） Gravity, the invisible force that keeps our feet on the ground, is a basic concept in physics. Understanding gravity is important in unlocking the secrets of the universe. Gravity is a force of attraction that exists between any two objects in the universe. It makes planets go around the sun and creates stars and galaxies (银河系). Gravity is also what gives weight to objects on Earth and keeps us from floating away. It pulls everything towards the center of the Earth, keeping us firmly on the ground. The strength of gravity depends on two things: how big an object is and how far apart objects are. If something is very big or has a lot of things in it (like the Earth) it has a strong pull of gravity. But if things are far away from each other, the pull of gravity is weaker. That’s why astronauts feel weightless in space because the force of gravity there is much smaller. Gravity is really important in our everyday lives. It makes things fall down when we drop them and keeps us from floating away when we walk or jump. It also affects the tides, making the ocean water rise and fall. Without gravity, the planets wouldn’t stay in their paths, and life as we know wouldn’t exist either. Gravity is important not only on Earth, but also as a force that shapes the entire universe. It keeps galaxies well, allowing stars to form and planets to exist. Gravity also influences events in space such as black holes and the bending (弯曲) of light around large objects. Gravity is a powerful force that controls how things move in space and keeps us on the ground. It affects how objects fall and the rise and fall of the ocean. Therefore, it is essential for our everyday lives. 33. How does the passage bring up the topic? A. Tell stories. B. Ask questions. C. Give a definition. D. Make a comparison. 34. According to the passage, why do we feel weightless in space? A. The force of gravity is weaker in space. B. There is no gravity in space. C. Objects in space have no mass. D. Distance has no effect on gravity in space. 35. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A. The force of gravity is stronger between closer objects. B. Gravity plays a role in the formation of stars and galaxies. C. Gravity is only present on Earth as well as on Mars. D. Gravity is responsible for keeping planets in orbit around the sun. 36. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Gravity is a mysterious force that is not fully understood. B. Gravity only affects celestial bodies and has little impact on our daily lives. C. The influence of gravity extends to various aspects of our lives. D. Gravity is a force that can be ignored in our day- to- day activities. Passage 8（25·深圳外国语学校·期中） In China, many students spend much of their time on their own things, and don’t help with housework at home. As a result, they don’t have basic life skills. Luckily, things are changing. Now, many schools begin to teach students life skills. Guangming Middle School has set up some farming clubs. Students learn to plant vegetable there. “At first, I thought I could only grow some vegetables here, but in fact, I have learnt a lot about vegetables,” said Chen Jia, a girl at the school. In Hope Middle School, students have a life skill class. They learn to make dumplings in different shapes. “I couldn’t make dumplings before, but now I am good at doing it. I really love my life skill class. It’s my favorite class,” said Zhang Yan, a boy at the school. In fact, learning life skills is as important as learning Chinese and maths, because it helps us prepare for our future life. Boys and girls. do you help your parents do housework at home? If not, maybe you should get started now. 11. What is the common problem of most Chinese students? A. They show no interest in basic skills. B. They hardly gain any basic life skills. C. They have no chance to do their own things. D. They spend little time on their personal hobbies. 12. What has Chen Jia learnt in the farming club? A. How to set up a club. B. Just how to plant vegetables. C. Some information about farming. D. Much knowledge about vegetables. 13. What did Zhang Yan think of his life skill lesson? A. It was his least favorite class. B. It showed him the meaning of a life skill. C. It made him skilled in making dumplings. D. It taught him to make dumplings in one shape. 14. Who is the passage written for? A. Teachers. B. Parents. C. Clubs. D. Students. 15. What is the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. Passage 9（25·深圳实验中学初中部·期中） Plastic is useful. It’s in a lot of things we use every day, from clothes to pens, and bottles to toys. But there’s a problem. Most plastic is not biodegradable (可生物降解的), and a lot of it ends up in the sea. How big is the problem? There are billions of bits of plastic in the world’s sea! Every ocean and every beach has plastic, from large objects to small pieces called microplastics. Tons of plastic go into the sea every year. Increasing like this, by 2050 there will be more plastic than fish in the sea! How does plastic harm sea animals? Fish, sea turtles, and birds think plastic is food, and they eat it. The plastic stays in their stomachs. Dead seabirds are found with stomachs full of plastic. Whales, dolphins, and seals are caught by plastic bags or fishing nets. It’s said that millions of ocean animals die each year because of plastic rubbish in the sea around the world. What can we do? Many people and organizations around the world are taking action. In some countries, plastic bags aren’t allowed to use. Scientists are developing new biodegradable plastic. Many communities are trying to use less plastic and recycle more. Kids are playing their part, such as working to make their schools “zero plastic”. Plastic pollution is becoming more and more serious, so it’s necessary for us to produce, buy and use fewer plastic products. Above all, one person can’t solve it alone, but together we will make a difference. 36. What will happen to the world’s oceans by 2050 according to the passage? A. Tons of plastic will enter the ocean. B. There will be more plastic than fish. C. There will be billions of bits of plastic. D. Every ocean and beach will have plastic. 37. Many fish, sea turtles, and birds die because ________ according to the passage. A. they eat plenty of plastic B. they don’t have food to eat C. they are caught by fishermen D. they are caught by plastic bags 38. In Paragraph 5, the writer advises us to ________. A. make the problem more serious B. solve the problem on our own C. buy more plastic products alone D. work together to solve the problem 39. In which part of the newspaper can we read the text? A. Travel. B. Science. C. History. D. Sport. 40. How is the text organized? (① = Paragraph 1, ② = Paragraph 2, ...) A. B. C. D. Passage 10（25·深圳红岭教育集团·期中） What may two dogs making radio programs look like? How about a basketball match with different sea animals as players? With Sora, you may soon be able to find out. The latest AI model can generate videos up to a minute long from some key words in seconds. It was built by OpenAI, the company behind the popular chatbot ChatGPT. The public cannot use Sora now. OpenAI is asking experts to test it for possible risks (风险). The model is also open to a small group of artists. The company hopes to make Sora better. Before Sora, the leading text-to-video AI model was made by Runway. The videos it produced were short and often frightening. So most people were surprised by the high quality of Sora’s videos. Sora model isn’t perfect now because it may not understand cause and effect. “For example, a person may take a bite out of a cookie, but then the cookie may not have a bite mark,” OpenAI says on its website. What’s more, Sora cannot tell left or right. In a video on the OpenAI website, a man is running on a treadmill (跑步机) in the opposite direction. At the same time, some people have other worries. They are afraid that some people may not use AI-generated content in a correct way. Unreal AI-generated information is the biggest risk the world faces. To solve this problem, OpenAI says that it’s also building tools to help users to find out videos made by Sora. 21. How does the writer introduce the topic? A. By telling a story. B. By using a saying. C. By asking questions. D. By giving some facts. 22. What does the underlined word “generate” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Appear. B. Produce. C. Support. D. Dig. 23. Who can use Sora now? A. Every artist. B. A chatbot. C. Some experts. D. Any student. 24. Why were people surprised by Sora’s videos? A. Because Sora’s videos were made from ChatGPT. B. Because Sora’s videos were short and frightening. C. Because Sora’s videos were produced in high quality. D. Because Sora’s videos can tell cause and effect. 25. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph? A. There are some problems of Sora model. B. People are worried about Sora model. C. OpenAI helps solve Sora model’s problem. D. The public are waiting to use Sora model. Passage 11（25·深圳莲花中学·期中） Are you at a new school? Being a new student can make you worried at first, but if you are afraid of it too much, you can’t live a happy school life. Here are different ways to get along with your classmates, from joining in after-school activities to starting a conversation (交谈) in class. Here are some tips to help you make new friends at school. Introduce yourself to people first. Start by offering your name first. A basic introduction is a great way to put yourself out there. You might also talk about something that you are good at. For example, if you say you are good at playing the piano, someone may want to learn more about the piano. Give a hand to a classmate in need. Helping a classmate is a good way to make friends. You might help someone pick up the notebooks they dropped or let someone borrow a pencil. Being kind is a great way to make friends with others, such as offering part of your lunch to someone who forgot theirs or offering to read textbooks together with someone who forgot to bring theirs. Keep your eye out for classmates with same interests. Look at your classmates’ interests and activities. Do you see someone reading your favorite book or wearing a T-shirt of your favorite color? These common interests can help you find people you’re more likely to get along with. 16. What does the underlined word “it” refer to (指代)? A. Living a happy school life. B. Getting along with your classmates. C. Being a new student at school. D. Starting a conversation in class 17. When meeting someone new, how should you start conversations? A. By introducing yourself first. B. By asking about his or her job. C. By talking about the weather. D. By waiting for him or her to speak first 18. How can you show your kindness to your classmates? ①By picking up their notebooks.         ②By buying them a nice pencil ③By offering them part of your lunch.     ④By sharing textbooks with them. A. ①②③ B. ①③④ C. ②③④ D. ①②④ 19. Which of the following ways can help you find classmates you might get along with? A. Looking at classmates’ hobbies B. Asking classmates about their grades C. Reading classmates’ favourite books D. Wearing same clothes with classmates 20. Why did the writer write the passage? A. To share some kinds of after-school activities. B. To teach students the importance of good friends. C. To help students find their interests in their daily life. D. To give some advice on making friends at a new school. Passage 12 Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give friendship back. That is why some friendships don’t last very long. To have a friend, you must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous; be understanding. Honesty helps start a good friendship. Friends must be able to trust each other. If you don’t tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you are not honest, you may lose your friend’s trust. Good friends should always speak and act honestly. Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You don’t have to give your lunch money or your clothes, or enjoyments, like your hobbies and your interests. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. They tell your friend what is important to you. By sharing them, you help your friend know you better. Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. So to be a friend you must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place so you can understand the problem better. No two friendships are ever exactly alike. But all true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friendships, you must practice honesty, generosity and understanding. 6. Some friendships don’t last very long because ________. A. too many people want to make friends B. some people receive friendship but don’t give friendship back C. some people give others friendship and receive friendship from others D. they don’t know friendship is something important 7. According to the text, honesty is ________. A. something unimportant B. the base（基础）of friendship C. as important as money D. more important than anything else 8. From the text, we know the word “generous” means ________. A. 友好的 B. 善良的 C. 大方的 D. 善解人意的 9. What does the word “them” refer to（指代）in the third paragraph? A. your ideas and feelings B. your hobbies and interests C. your lunch money and clothes D. your clothes and enjoyments 10. Which of the following is NOT TRUE in the text? A. Friends should always speak and act honestly. B. Sharing your ideas with your friend is very important. C. A friend who gives you his lunch money is a true friend. D. Talking about your problems with your friend often helps to solve the problem. Passage 13 Autumn in Tibet(西藏) is very beautiful because there are many fresh and bright colors everywhere. In north Tibet, one can travel several hundred kilometers by car and cannot see even a person. You can hardly see people. You can see treeless(无树木的) fields and grasslands. Warm autumn days bring life to nature. Wild animals become active, and Tibet antelopes(羚羊) like to play near the lakes. When they run, sometimes they can reach 80 km an hour. They often leave the hungry wolves far behind. Autumn in south Tibet is very different from that in north Tibet. Mount Qomolangma in southwest Tibet, the highest mountain on Earth, is famous for its beauty. It is over 8, 000 meters high. There are over 2, 300 kinds of plants and about 300 different kinds of animals on Mount Qomolangma. If you can come to Tibet at this time of year, you can see the most beautiful scenery. 29. Why is autumn in Tibet very beautiful? A. Because there is gold color everywhere. B. Because there are many colors everywhere. C. Because you cannot see people. D. Because you can eat a lot of fruit. 30. What does the underlined(下划线的) word “they” mean in paragraph 2? A. People in Tibet. B. Wild animals in Tibet. C. Autumn in Tibet. D. Tibet antelopes. 31. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. Mount Qomolangma is in southwest Tibet. B. Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain on Earth. C. Mount Qomolangma is over 8, 000 meters high. D. There are over 2, 300 kinds of animals on Mount Qomolangma. 32. Where can you read this passage? A. In a storybook. B. In a dictionary. C. In a travel magazine. D. In a joke book. Passage 14 Good study habits(习惯) are important for all students. When you have good study habits, you’ll learn faster. Do you usually study in the living room? This is not a good place for study because it is usually too noisy. You need to study in a quiet place, such as your bedroom. A quiet place will help you learn better. Before you begin to study, do not forget to clean your desk. It helps you study well, too. Light is also important. You’ll feel tired easily if there is not enough light. Of all the good study habits you can develop (养成), asking questions is the key. Just ask. No one knows everything, but we can always learn from each other by asking questions. One easy but important habit is to tell yourself what you’re studying for. Put your target(目标) on the wall next to your bed or desk That means you’ll see and think about it every day. When do you work best? Are you an early bird, a night owl (猫头鹰), or something in between? Find your most productive work time, and then plan to study at that time. 29. Why is the living room not a good place for study? A. Because it is too quiet. B. Because it is too small. C. Because it is too noisy. D. Because it doesn’t have the desk for study. 30. According to the passage, what should you do before you study? A. Clean the desk. B. Put your story books away.; C. Ask questions. D. Develop study habits. 31. Why should we put our targets on the wall? A. To make us happy. B. To make our parents happy. C. To make the wall beautiful. D. To tell us what we are studying for. 32. What docs the underlined word “productive” mean in Chinese? A. 有效的 B. 有趣的 C. 精彩的 D. 愉快的 33. What is the best title for this passage? A. Study in the Bedroom B. Good Study Habits Are Important C. How to Study D. Light Is Important Passage 15 Thousands of miles from the Earth, in outer space, is a small planet, far from the Sun, behind a much bigger planet. Little green aliens live there. They use torches to see. One day, a young alien, Neila, put the wrong batteries in her torch. Suddenly, there was bright light. It went up into the sky, around the Sun and reached the Earth. The light hit a boy called Billy and his dog. Neila quickly turned the torch off, but the pair were caught by the light. They flew through space and landed near Neila. “ Hello,” said Billy. Neila smiled. “ Wow!” said Billy, “Everything’s made of ice cream!” “The ice cream never melts (融化), and nobody eats it. It’s too cold here,” said Neila. Neila looked sad. “Can you help us?” she said, “We need sunshine to make things grow.” “No problem,” said Billy, “Can you get us home? I have an idea.” “Wait there!” said Neila. She got her torch, put the wrong batteries in again—ZOOM! Billy and his dog flew back to the Earth. Billy pointed his bedroom mirror between the Sun and Fliptune. The sunlight bounced off the mirror and up onto Neila’s planet. Thanks to Billy, Fliptune is not cold any more. Billy moves the mirror every day to keep the sun shining there. Now Neila and her friends sit in the sun and enjoy all the free ice cream. 26. What does the underlined phrase “the pair”  refer to in paragraph 4? A. The batteries. B. Billy and his dog. C. Billy and Neila. D. The torch and the batteries. 27. How did Neila help Billy and his dog go back to the Earth? A. By moving the mirror. B. By turning off the torch. C. By pointing the bedroom mirror. D. By putting the wrong batteries in the torch. 28. In what order did the following happen in this passage? a. Neila asked Billy for help. b. Billy and his dog flew to Fliptune. c. Neila helped Billy and his dog back to the Earth. d. Billy moved the mirror every day to warm Fliptune. A. c-a-d-b B. c-a-b-d C. b-a-d-c D. b-a-c-d 29. Which picture best shows the underlined sentence in paragraph 12? A. B. C. D. 30. Which of the following best describes Billy? A. Clever and kind. B. Brave but forgetful. C. Kind and strong. D. Clever but careless. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $