摘要:
该高中英语UNIT 2 "Lessons in life"同步词汇笔记全面梳理24个核心词汇及短语,涵盖派生词、核心考点、速记方法与应用例句,搭建从词汇基础记忆到语境灵活运用的递进式学习支架。
清单通过词根词缀、合成词拆分、场景联想等多元速记策略呈现知识体系,如"weaken"用"weak+-en"后缀记忆,"outstretched"通过"out-+stretched"合成词理解,标注"be pessimistic about""cooperate with"等核心搭配,结合生活化例句强化语言能力,培养学习能力。不同基础学生可按需选用速记方法,教师可直接用于词汇教学或作业设计,提升教学实效。
内容正文:
UNIT 2 Lessons in life.同步词汇笔记
序号
单词
派生词
核心考点(
单词速记
例句
1
be reunited with(使)重聚
reunite /ˌriːjuˈnaɪt/ v.(使)重聚reunion /ˌriːˈjuːniən/ n. 重聚
be reunited with sb/sth(与某人/某物重聚,如be reunited with family)
短语拆分:“reunited(重聚的,由reunite变形)+ with(和……一起)”,直接关联“与……重聚”
After living abroad for 10 years, she was finally reunited with her family in China.(在国外生活10年后,她终于和中国的家人重聚了。)
2
weaken /ˈwiːkən/ v.(使)虚弱;(使)减弱
weak /wiːk/ adj. 虚弱的;弱的weakness /ˈwiːknəs/ n. 虚弱;弱点
1. weaken sb's body(使某人身体虚弱)2. weaken the effect(减弱效果)
后缀记忆:“weak(虚弱的,形容词)+ -en(表“使……变得”的动词后缀)”,即“使变得虚弱”
Long-term illness weakened his body, making him unable to do heavy work.(长期生病使他身体虚弱,无法从事重体力劳动。)
3
pessimistic /ˌpesɪˈmɪstɪk/ adj. 悲观的,悲观主义的
1. pessimism /ˈpesɪmɪzəm/ n. 悲观主义2. pessimist /ˈpesɪmɪst/ n. 悲观者3. optimistic /ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/ adj. 乐观的(反义词)
be pessimistic about sth(对某事悲观,如be pessimistic about the future)
词根记忆:“pessim(表“悲观”)+ -istic(形容词后缀)”,结合反义词“optimistic”辅助区分
He is pessimistic about the economic situation and thinks it will get worse.(他对经济形势很悲观,认为情况会变得更糟。)
4
anticipate /ænˈtɪsɪpeɪt/ v. 预期,预料;预见
anticipation /ænˌtɪsɪˈpeɪʃn/ n. 预期;期待
1. anticipate doing sth(预期做某事,如anticipate receiving a gift)2. anticipate that从句(预料……,如anticipate that he will come)
词根记忆:“anti-(提前)+ cipate(拿、抓)”,“提前抓住(趋势)”即“预期”
We didn't anticipate that the project would take so much time and money.(我们没预料到这个项目会花费这么多时间和资金。)
5
possession /pəˈzeʃ(ə)n/ n. 财产,财物;拥有
1. possess /pəˈzes/ v. 拥有;持有2. possessive /pəˈzesɪv/ adj. 占有欲强的
1. in possession of(拥有……,如in possession of a house)2. take possession of(占有……,如take possession of the land)
词根关联:“possess(拥有,动词)+ -ion(名词后缀)”,即“拥有的财物或状态”
She lost all her possessions in the fire and had to start over.(她在火灾中失去了所有财产,不得不重新开始。)
6
abnormal /æbˈnɔːm(ə)l/ adj. 不正常的,反常的
1. abnormality /ˌæbnɔːˈmæləti/ n. 反常;异常现象2. normal /ˈnɔːməl/ adj. 正常的(反义词)
1. abnormal behavior(反常行为)2. abnormal weather(反常天气)
否定前缀记忆:“ab-(否定,偏离)+ normal(正常的)”,即“偏离正常的”
The doctor said his blood pressure was abnormal and advised him to adjust his diet.(医生说他的血压不正常,建议他调整饮食。)
7
widespread /ˈwaɪdspred/ adj. 广泛流传的;普遍的
无(由“wide + spread”合成,无常见派生)
1. widespread influence(广泛影响)2. widespread belief(普遍看法)
合成词记忆:“wide(广泛的)+ spread(传播的、分布的)”,字面即“广泛传播的”
The news of his victory quickly became widespread in his hometown.(他获胜的消息在故乡迅速广泛传播开来。)
8
recognition /ˌrekəɡˈnɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 承认,认可;认出
1. recognize /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ v. 认出;承认2. recognizable /ˈrekəɡnaɪzəbl/ adj. 可辨认的
1. recognition of sth(对……的承认,如recognition of his achievements)2. gain recognition(获得认可)
词根关联:“recognize(承认、认出,动词)+ -tion(名词后缀)”,即“承认或认出的行为”
His contributions to environmental protection finally gained international recognition.(他对环境保护的贡献最终获得了国际认可。)
9
phrase /freɪz/ n. 成语,习语;警句;短语
phrasal /ˈfreɪzl/ adj. 短语的(如phrasal verb 短语动词)
1. set phrase(固定短语;成语)2. English phrase(英语习语)
场景记忆:联想“学习英语时积累的短语、习语”,如“break a leg”是英语习语
It's important to learn common English phrases when studying the language.(学习英语时,积累常用英语习语很重要。)
10
cooperate /kəʊˈɒpəreɪt/ v. 合作,协作
1. cooperation /kəʊˌɒpəˈreɪʃn/ n. 合作2. cooperative /kəʊˈɒpərətɪv/ adj. 合作的;n. 合作社
cooperate with sb(与某人合作,如cooperate with the team)
词根记忆:“co-(共同)+ operate(操作、工作)”,“共同工作”即“合作”
The two companies decided to cooperate with each other to develop new technology.(两家公司决定合作开发新技术。)
11
fee /fiː/ n. 工作酬金,服务费;费用
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. service fee(服务费)2. membership fee(会员费)
场景记忆:联想“支付给服务提供者的费用”,如“律师服务费、健身房会员费”
We need to pay a small service fee to the bank for this transaction.(这笔交易我们需要向银行支付少量服务费。)
12
university fees 大学学费
无(短语,由“university + fees”构成)
1. pay university fees(支付大学学费)2. cover university fees(支付大学学费,cover表“承担费用”)
短语拆分:“university(大学)+ fees(费用,常用复数表“学费”)”,直接对应“大学学费”
His parents work hard to pay his university fees every year.(他的父母每年努力工作,支付他的大学学费。)
13
outstretched /ˌaʊtˈstretʃt/ adj. 张开的,伸开的
stretch /stretʃ/ v. 伸展;张开stretching /ˈstretʃɪŋ/ n. 伸展运动
1. outstretched arms(张开的手臂)2. outstretched hands(伸开的双手)
合成词记忆:“out-(向外)+ stretched(伸展的,stretch的过去分词作形容词)”,即“向外伸展的”
She ran towards her mother with outstretched arms and hugged her tightly.(她张开手臂跑向妈妈,紧紧抱住了她。)
14
cram /kræm/ v. 挤满;塞满;(为考试)临时抱佛脚
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. cram into(挤入……,如cram into the bus)2. cram for(为……临时抱佛脚,如cram for the exam)
动作联想:联想“很多人挤公交车”或“考试前临时背书”的场景,直观记忆
During the rush hour, hundreds of people cram into the subway every minute.(早高峰时,每分钟都有数百人挤入地铁。)
15
pure /pjʊə/ adj. 纯净的,洁净的;纯的
1. purity /ˈpjʊərəti/ n. 纯净;纯度2. impure /ɪmˈpjʊə/ adj. 不纯净的(反义词)
1. pure water(纯净水)2. pure gold(纯金)
场景记忆:联想“没有杂质的事物”,如“纯净水不含杂质,纯金纯度高”
The water in this mountain spring is so pure that it can be drunk directly.(这山泉里的水非常纯净,可以直接饮用。)
16
transparent /trænsˈpærənt/ adj. 透明的;公开的
transparency /trænsˈpærənsi/ n. 透明度;透明物
1. transparent glass(透明玻璃)2. transparent policy(公开的政策)
词根记忆:“trans-(穿过)+ parent(看见,源自拉丁语“显见的”)”,“能看穿的”即“透明的”
The company promised to make its financial reports more transparent to the public.(该公司承诺让其财务报告对公众更公开透明。)
17
vexed /vekst/ adj. 恼火的;烦恼的
vex /veks/ v. 使恼火;使烦恼vexation /vekˈseɪʃn/ n. 恼火;烦恼
1. be vexed with sb(对某人心烦,如be vexed with his lateness)2. be vexed about sth(为某事烦恼,如be vexed about the problem)
后缀记忆:“vex(使恼火,动词)+ -ed(形容词后缀,表“感到……的”)”,即“感到恼火的”
She was vexed with her brother for forgetting her birthday again.(她对弟弟又忘了她的生日感到恼火。)
18
absurd /əbˈsɜːd/ adj. 荒唐的,愚蠢的;不合理的
absurdity /əbˈsɜːdəti/ n. 荒唐;荒唐的事
1. absurd idea(荒唐的想法)2. absurd behavior(愚蠢的行为)
发音联想:“absurd”音近“阿布瑟德”,联想“提出‘阿布瑟德’式的想法,显然很荒唐”
It's absurd to believe that the earth is flat in the 21st century.(在21世纪还相信地球是平的,这太荒唐了。)
19
lean /liːn/ v. 倚,靠;倾斜;adj. 瘦的
leaning /ˈliːnɪŋ/ n. 倾向;偏好
1. lean against(靠在……上,如lean against the wall)2. lean on(依靠……,如lean on a friend for help)
动作联想:联想“累了靠在墙上休息”的动作,简单直观
He leaned against the doorframe and listened to the conversation inside the room.(他靠在门框上,听着屋里的谈话。)
20
Madame /ˈmædəm/ n. 夫人,太太,女士(对已婚或年长女性的尊称)
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
用法:用于女性姓氏前表尊称,如“Madame Li”(李夫人)
文化记忆:对应法语“夫人”,英语中用于正式场合称呼已婚或有地位的女性,区别于“Miss(小姐)”
Madame Wang, the head of the company, will give a speech at the meeting tomorrow.(公司负责人王夫人将于明天在会议上发表讲话。)
21
stroke /strəʊk/ v. 轻抚,抚摸;n. 中风;一击
无(高中阶段常见派生词,注意多义)
1. stroke sb's hair(轻抚某人的头发)2. stroke a cat/dog(抚摸猫/狗)
动作联想:联想“轻轻抚摸宠物毛发”的温柔动作,区分“中风”“一击”等其他含义
She sat on the sofa, stroking her cat's soft fur and watching TV.(她坐在沙发上,抚摸着猫咪柔软的毛发,看着电视。)
22
instinctively /ɪnˈstɪŋktɪvli/ adv. 本能地
1. instinct /ˈɪnstɪŋkt/ n. 本能;直觉2. instinctive /ɪnˈstɪŋktɪv/ adj. 本能的
act instinctively(本能地行动,如act instinctively to avoid danger)
后缀记忆:“instinct(本能,名词)+ -ive(形容词后缀)+ -ly(副词后缀)”,即“本能地”
When the car suddenly rushed towards him, he instinctively jumped to the side.(当汽车突然朝他冲来时,他本能地跳到了一边。)
23
despair /dɪˈspeə/ n. 绝望;v. 绝望
despairing /dɪˈspeərɪŋ/ adj. 绝望的despairingly /dɪˈspeərɪŋli/ adv. 绝望地
1. in despair(处于绝望中,如cry in despair)2. despair of(对……绝望,如despair of success)
场景记忆:联想“失去所有希望的状态”,如“考试多次失败后陷入绝望”
He was in despair when he found out that he had lost all his savings.(发现自己所有积蓄都没了时,他陷入了绝望。)
24
luxury /ˈlʌkʃ(ə)ri/ n. 奢华,奢侈;奢侈品;adj. 奢华的(仅用于名词前)
luxurious /lʌɡˈʒʊəriəs/ adj. 奢华的;豪华的
1. live in luxury(过奢华的生活)2. luxury goods(奢侈品)
发音联想:“luxury”音近“拉克奢瑞”,联想“‘拉克奢瑞’式的生活即奢华生活”
For most people, buying luxury goods like expensive watches is not a necessity.(对大多数人来说,买昂贵手表等奢侈品并非必需品。)
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