Unit 3 Jobs 讲义 2025-2026学年沪教版（五四学制）（2024）七年级英语上册

本讲义围绕初中英语U3 Jobs主题，系统梳理职业相关词汇（如dabbawala, engineer）、词形转换规律（如act-actor-actress）及词汇辨析（above/on/over, method/way），通过“课文解析引入-词汇夯实-强化练习-主题阅读”的脉络，构建“输入-内化-输出”的学习支架。 资料以印度dabbawalas真实案例为课文素材，渗透跨文化意识，通过词转专项和词汇辨析强化语言能力，主题阅读涵盖不同文体培养思维品质。课中教师可利用补充说明深化教学，课后学生通过分层练习及解析查漏补缺，提升综合运用能力。

LAITY自制 学生版 讲义内容 1. U3 Jobs知识梳理 2. U3强化练习 （课文解析&U3词转专项&U3基础强化&U3主题阅读） 【课文解析】 A. Amazing dabbawalas They travel more than 100 kilometres every day. They bring about 200,000 meals on bikes or on foot__________ hungry workers, all at __________ (exact) 12:30 p.m. Many of them can’t read __________ write. But only 1 in every around 6,000,000 lunch boxes ever goes __________ (miss) in_________________________________________ (世界上最大的城市之一). Who are they? They are dabbawalas, the lunch carriers in Mumbai, India. To people working in the centre of Mumbai, home-cooked __________ (meal) are like a __________ (greet) from their family. But it’s not easy to travel long __________ [ˈdɪstənsɪz] with a lunch box. _________________ (多亏了) dabbawalas, they can enjoy a hot, __________ [freʃ] and healthy meal from home far away. Kiran, an __________ (experience) dabbawala, tells the story. "Our method is __________ (simply) but works well. In the morning we pick up lunch boxes at people's homes __________ bike. Then we meet at the local __________ ['reɪlweɪ] station to sort the boxes out. We use colours, numbers and letters to help e__________ other __________ (remember) the customers' names and __________ (address). We won't get it wrong even in our sleep! When in Mumbai, each of us __________ (deliver) meals in a set area. The streets can be busy. The weather can be bad. But the lunch will always be on time." "We work hard to __________ (service) people. We get back their trust and __________ [rɪ'spekt]. ___________________________. (我们为自己感到自豪)" B. __________ [kə'rɪə(r)] __________ (guide) Workshop What do we need to do the job? Cook ·Ability to work in a team; ·Knowledge of biology and art; ·High school __________ (educate) or above. Police officer ·Readiness __________ (help) others; ·Good __________ (communicate) skills; ·Strong body and mind. Astronaut ·Great __________ (curious) about space; ·Ability to pass a special flight test ·Years of special __________ (train). C. Lin Dong meets Mr Ma for an interview at their community garden. Lin Dong: Hello, Mr Ma! Thank you for __________ (come). Mr Ma: No problem. Lin Dong: I want to ask you about your job. What does it take to be a __________ (cook)? Mr Ma: I studied cooking after high school. __________ (be) a cook is like being a scientist __________ (in/by) some way. You need to know what things taste good together. Lin Dong: __________ (Maybe/May be) that is why my food is never as __________ (well) as yours! What do you like most about your job? Mr Ma: The __________ (good) part is when customers come in and enjoy my food. Lin Dong: What do you need to do every day? Mr Ma: I go to the market early to make sure everything __________ (be) fresh. Lin Dong: That's why e__________ in your restaurant tastes so good! D. In my eyes, it’s wonderful to be a teacher. Teachers give __________ (live) and interesting lessons and __________ (help) us deal with problems. They also play __________ us. Teachers keep learning and __________ (try) new ideas. That is __________ most wonderful part of the job. The hard work and love __________ teachers help us __________ (real) grow. They matter__________ (a lot/ a lot of) to us. E. Old jobs Beeper(传呼机) operator Beep, beep! You've got a message on your beeper. __________ the 1990s, it was common to call a beeper operator __________ (send) the messages. Being a beeper operator __________ (be) a very popular job in China back then. H__________, now people use smartphones to send __________ (message). Grinder(磨刀匠) Grinders often went door to door to __________ (sharp) tools like __________ (scissor), knives and so on. ___________________________ (越来越少的人) take up the job now __________ most people find it easier and cheaper to buy tool sharpeners. Open-air film projectionist(电影放映员) From the 1960s __________ the 1970s open-air cinemas __________ (become) popular. The __________ (operate) would set up a screen and speakers, and use a special machine __________ (call) a projector to play the film. The audience enjoyed the film while usually __________ (sit) on small seats. Today people watch films at home or in the cinema. 【U3单词】 单词 音标 词性 释义 1. career /kə'rɪə(r)/ n. 职业；事业 2. guidance /'gaɪdns/ n. 指导；引导 3. practical /'præktıkl/ adj. 实际的 4. hairdresser /'heədresə(r)/ n. 理发师 5. tailor /'teɪlə(r)/ n. 裁缝 6. service /'sз:vɪs/ n. 服务 7. officer /'ɒfɪsə(r)/ n. 长官 8. fireman（pl. firemen） /'faɪəmən/ n. 消防员（复数形式 firemen ） 9. artistic /ɑ:'tɪstɪk/ adj. 艺术的 10. photographer /fə'tɒgrəfə(r)/ n. 摄影师 11. artist /'ɑ:tɪst/ n. 艺术家 12. actor /'æktə(r)/ n. （男）演员 13. actress /'æktrəs/ n. （女）演员 14. engineer /ˌendʒɪ'nɪə(r)/ n. 工程师 15. architect /'ɑ:kıtekt/ n. 建筑师 16. designer /dɪ'zaɪnə(r)/ n. 设计师 17. entertain /ˌentə'teɪn/ v. 使快乐；娱乐 18. audience /'ɔ:diəns/ n. 观众 19. set /set/ n. / adj. 摄影场；指定的 20. role /rəʊl/ n. 角色 21. scene /si:n/ n. 现场；场景 22. arrive /ə'raɪv/ v. 到达 23. page /peɪdʒ/ n. （书刊或纸张的）页 24. knowledge /'nɒlɪdʒ/ n. 知识；学问 25. biology /baɪ'ɒlədʒi/ n. 生物学 26. education /ˌedʒu'keɪʃn/ n. 教育 27. above /ə'bʌv/ adv. （水平）超过，更多，更大 28. readiness /'redɪnəs/ n. 乐意 29. communication /kəˌmju:nɪ'keɪʃn/ n. 交流；交际 30. training /'treɪnɪng/ n. 训练；培训 31. taste /teɪst/ v. 品尝 32. maybe /'meɪbi/ adv. 有可能 33. yours /jɔːz/ pron. 您的；你的；你们的 34. customer /'kʌstəmə(r)/ n. 顾客；客户 35. market /'mɑːkɪt/ n. 市场；集市 36. everything /'evriθɪŋ/ pron. 每样事物 37. fresh /freʃ/ adj. 新鲜的 38. restaurant /'restrɒnt/ n. 餐厅 39. pride /praɪd/ n. 骄傲；自豪 40. dabbawala /'dɑːbəwɑːlə/ n. （印度）送饭盒人 41. kilometre (AmE kilometer) /'kɪləmiːtə(r)/ n. 公里；千米（美式拼写 kilometer ） 42. exactly /ɪɡ'zæktli/ adv. 确切地 43. ever /'evə(r)/ adv. 在任何时候；从来 44. centre (AmE center) /'sentə(r)/ n. 中心；中央（美式拼写 center ） 45. greet /ɡriːt/ v. 打招呼；欢迎 46. distance /'dɪstəns/ n. 距离 47. method /'meθəd/ n. 方法；措施 48. simple /'sɪmpl/ adj. 简单的 49. railway /'reɪlweɪ/ n. 铁路；铁道 50. each other 相互；彼此（短语含义 ） 51. address /ə'dres/ n. 地址 52. deliver /dɪ'lɪvə(r)/ v. 递送 53. serve /sɜːv/ v. 服务 54. trust /trʌst/ n. 信任 55. respect /rɪ'spekt/ n. / v. 尊重；尊敬（n. ）；尊重；尊敬（v. ） 56. lively /'laɪvli/ adj. 有活力的；活泼的 57. dictionary /'dɪkʃənri/ n. 词典；字典 . 【U3词转】 1. act v.表演;扮演actor n.男演员→actress n.女演员→action n.动作→activity n.活动 2. architect n.建筑师→architecture n.建筑 3. art n.艺术→artist n.艺术家→artistic adj.艺术的→artwork n.艺术作品 4. arrive v.到达→arrival n.到达;到达者 5. biology n.生物学→biologist n.生物学家 6. communicate v.交流→communication n.交流 7. centre (AmE center) n.中心;中央→central adj.中心的;中央的 8. design v.设计→designer n.设计师 9. deliver v.递送→delivery n.传送 10. engine n.引擎,发动机engineer n.工程师 11. entertain v.使快乐;娱乐→entertainment n.娱乐活动 12. educate v.教育→education n.教育→educational adj.教育的 13. exactly adv.确切地→exact adj.准确的,精确的 14. fire n.火;火灾→fireman n.消防员→firemen n.消防员（pl.） 15. guide v.引导→guide n.导游 v.引导→guidance n.指导,引导 16. greet v.打招呼;欢迎→greeting n.问候;问候语 17. host v.主持;主办 n.主人;节目主持人→hostess n.女主人;女主持人 18. hairdresser n.理发师→haircut n.理发 19. know v.知道;认识→knowledge n.知识→knowledgeable adj.有知识的,博学的 20. live v.居住;活着→lively adj.有活力的;活泼的→alive adj.活着的→living adj.活着的 21. office n.办公室→officer n.军官→official adj.官方的 22. piano n.钢琴→pianist n.钢琴家 23. photo/photograph n.照片→photographer n.摄影师 24. pride n.骄傲;自豪→proud adj.骄傲的;自豪的 25. practice n.实践→practical adj.实际的→practise v.练习 26. respect n.尊重;尊敬 v.尊重;尊敬→respectful adj.恭敬的;有礼貌的 27. serve v.服务→service n.服务;公共事业→servant n.仆人 28. science n.科学→scientist n.科学家 29. simple adj.简单的→simply adv.仅仅,只是 30. scene n.现场;场景→scenic adj.舞台的;戏剧的→scenery n.风景 31. teach v.教;教授→teacher n.教师 32. train v.培训 n.火车→training n.培训→trainer n.教练,运动鞋 33. taste v.品尝→tasty adj.美味的 34. wait v.等待;等候→waiter n.服务员→waitress n.女服务员 【U3词转专项练习】 1. She is one of our country's best______________ and she has acted in many great films.(act) 2. Jenny likes drawing pictures and she wants to be an______________.(art) 3. It's impossible to travel to the Moon without enough______________.(train) 4. Tom always______________ at school ahead of time(提前). He is a good student.（arrival） 5. Tim is very______________, so we like to make friends with him.(live) 6. The waiter provided excellent______________ for the customers. (serve) 7. Some police______________ caught the thief after a long chase. (office) 8. These brave______________ saved many people from the burning building. (fireman) 9. She wants to be an______________ when she grows up. (art) 10. This book is very______________ and can help us learn a lot. (education) 11. He needs more______________ before he can start the new job. (train) 12. These books are not mine. Are they______________? (your) 13. Can you tell me______________ where the library is? (exact) 14. A police______________ helps make our city a safe place. (office) 15. Both Mary and Doris dream of becoming______________. (actress) 16. Your answer is______________ right. (exact) 17. The food was good but the______________ was very slow. (serve) 18. He showed a______________ interest in computers. (live) 19. Matt has got a lovely dog from his parents. ______________ (it) name is Brant. 20. As usual, we went______________ (direct) to the speaker for more advice after the lecture. 21. The new meeting room in our school is twice as big as______________ (they). 22. I don’ t think Tom can swim______________ (cross) the river at this point. It’ s too wide. 23. Our class teacher is a pretty woman and she always makes______________ (she) attractive. 24. Taylor Swift has been one of the most popular______________ (art) in modern music. 25. The manager thanked the workers for______________ (they) hard work and enthusiasm. 26. I was so______________ (pride) that my son had been chosen for the national team. 27. My friend______________ (guidance) me into her living room and offered me a seat on her couch. 28. In our company, there is good ______________ (communicate) between the different departments. 29. No one knows______________ (exact) what happened, but several people have been hurt. 30. The sudden______________ (arrive) of rain put an end to our soccer match. 31. He is studying______________ at university.(architect) 32. The restaurant offers excellent______________.(serve) 33. The______________ created a beautiful new logo for the company.(design) 34. Good______________ skills are important in any job. (communicate) 35. She is a very______________ person. She loves to live life to the fullest. (live) 36. The______________ gave a great performance in the play. (act) 37. She is a______________. She serves food quickly. (wait) 38. I'm really ______________ about what happened. (curiosity) 39. Relax ______________ every day, Tommy, or you'll be too tired to get good grades. (you) 40. ______________ of all, please let me introduce myself to you. (one) 41. The ______________ discovered a cure for the disease. (science) 42. She offered______________ (practice) advice on how to save money. 43. She sought______________ (guide) from her teacher about which subjects to choose for next semester. 44. The ancient temple is an excellent example of classical______________ (architect). 45. She was______________ (readiness) to leave for the airport an hour before her flight. 46. The company will______________ (training) new employees on how to use the software. 47. Is this book______________ (you) or mine? 48. Can you find a______________ (simple) solution to this problem? 49. Their______________ (live) conversation kept everyone entertained all the evening. 50. The restaurant is known for its excellent customer______________ (serve). 51. Can you tell me______________ (exact) what happened at the meeting? 52. He made an______________ (officer) visit to Tokyo in March. 53. The painter’ s work is famous for its unique style and high______________ (art) quality. 54. The new theme park offers a wide range of______________ (entertain) choices for visitors of all ages. 55. The______________ (arrive) of the new technology has greatly improved the efficiency of our work processes. 56. The team's______________ (ready) for the upcoming competition was clear in their confident practice sessions. 57. They take great______________ (proud) in offering the best service in town. 58. I looked it up in three different______________ (dictionary). 59. He was eager to ______________ (communication) his ideas to the group. 【U3 Jobs知识梳理】 1. above / əˈbʌv / adv.(数目、数量、水平、年龄) 超过,更多,更大 prep.在……的上面；超过,多于,大于 【辨析】above，on和 over above表示“在…之上”（不接触） on表示“在…上面”（接触） over表示“在…正上方”（垂直上方） 2. hold-held-held / həʊld /v.拿着;抓住;容纳;包含;举行;进行;保持(记录等) hold=take place举办 hold=contain容纳 【重要词汇运用】 1) A score of 70 or ____________ will get you an“A”. 70 分或以上就可以得 A。 2) We were flying ____________ the clouds.我们在云层上面飞。 3) We can accept children ____________ the age of 10.我们能接受 10 岁以上的儿童。 4) The plane flew ____________ the clouds.飞机在云层上方飞行。 5) The book is ____________ the table.书在桌子上。 6) The bird flew ____________ the tree.鸟飞过树梢。 7) She was ____________ a large box.她提着一只大箱子。 8) The plane ____________ about 300 passengers.这架飞机可容纳大约 300 名乘客。 9) The meeting will____________ ____________ in the community centre.会议将在社区活动中心举行。 10) Who ____________ the world record for the long jump? 跳远世界纪录的保持者是谁? 3. above all 最重要的是;尤其是 =especially=most important of all 4. by doing... 通过做...; 通过某种方式 5. bring sth．to sb．把某物带给某人 6. deal with 处理,解决 deal with =handle 7. feel proud of．．．对…感到自豪 8. get sth. wrong 把东西弄错 9. in one's eyes 在某人看来 in one's eyes =in one’s opinion =in one's views =from one's point of view=according to sb. 用来表示某人的观点、看法或意见 10. in some way在某种程度上 11. in the centre of 在······中心 12. keep doing 一直/不断做某事 类似的动词还有： enjoy doing喜欢做某事 finish doing做完某事 practise doing练习做某事 13. matter a lot to sb．对······至关重要 14. on/off duty 值(或下)班;值(或不值)勤 15. on time 准时 16. pick up(通常指开车)接载,取走；拿起;拾起;捡起 17. readiness to do sth.乐意做某事 (be) ready to... 准备好做某事或处于某种状态 18. sort sth. out(sort out sth.)分拣出:挑出 19. take up开始从事… 20. take care of处理;负责 take care of =look after =care for照顾 【重要词组运用】 1) ____________ ____________，keep in touch.最要紧的是保持联系 2) He makes some money by ____________ the dishes at the restaurant.他在这家餐厅洗碗挣点儿钱。 3) Can you help me____________ ____________ this difficult problem?你能帮我处理这个难题吗' 4) The world seems beautiful in a ____________ eyes.在孩子看来,世界是如此美好。 5) ____________ ____________ ____________, honesty is the most important quality in a friend.在她眼中,诚实是朋友最重要的品质。 6) In his o____________,(首字母) it's a good idea to keep pet dogs.在他看来养宠物狗是个好主意。 7) You can't go out and play before you finish____________ ____________ ____________.写完作业之前,你不可以出去玩。 8) If you practise____________ ____________, you’ll soon improve.只要你练习说英语很快就会进步。 9) He always enjoys____________ ____________ music in his spare time.他空闲时间喜欢听音乐。 10) Who's____________ ____________ today?今天谁值班? 11) What time do you go____________ ____________?你什么时候不值班? 12) We drove to the airport the next morning to____________ ____________ Susan.我们第二天早晨开车去机场接苏姗。 13) He ____________ his cap ____________ from the floor and put it back on his head.他从地板上拾起帽子,重新戴在头上。 14) He's always____________ ____________ help his friends with their problems.他总是乐于帮助朋友解决困难。 15) ____________ ____________ any clothes you want to throw away.把你打算扔掉的衣服分拣出来。 16) Don't worry. I’ll____________ ____________ ____________ your problem.别担心,我会处理你的问题。 17) We've asked my mother to____________ ____________ the kids while we're away.我们已请我的母亲在我们外出时照看孩子。 【U3强化】 I. Complete the sentences with the phrases in the box.用方框内的短语完成句子。 A.no more than B. in the centre of C. thanks to D. far away E. on time F. pick up G. take care of H. was proud of I. sort out J. go missing 1. Could you do me a favour and________________________ Sam from school today? 2. His grandparents would________________________ him when his parents were busy. 3. Children often________________________ in such places as shopping malls, railway stations and amusement parks. 4. We finished the job on time________________________ everybody's help. 5.There is room for________________________ three cars. 6. It has been over half a month since my friend went________________________. 7.My cousin________________________ himself for not giving up. 8.We need to________________________ rubbish and put it into different kinds of bins. 9. We can finish this job________________________ if everyone does their best. II. Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the given verbs. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. I learned a precious lesson from that experience that practice ________________ (make) perfect. 2. He has known Jack very well since they________________ (become) friends years ago. 3. I saw students________________ (play) in the backyard happily just now. 4. I think Mary will come to see her mother before she________________ (leave) the city. 5. We don’ t believe her any more, for she________________ (lie) to us several times. 6. When Thomas visited me this morning, I________________ (read) a novel. 7. — Did you tell them where he________________ (go)? — Yes. And I also told them he________________ (not come) back until the next week. 8. What________________ you________________ (do) from nine to ten yesterday morning? 9. Sally________________ (get) out of bed, ________________ (open) the window and________________ (go) into the bathroom. 10. The train________________ (leave) in ten minutes. We must hurry up. 11. While the men were working hard in the fields, the women________________ (enjoy) themselves in the house. 12. So far Russia________________ (conduct) several investigations to find out the cause of the explosion. 13. By the end of last month, students________________ (learn) 300 new words. 14. If I________________ (pass) my exams successfully tomorrow, I________________ (inform) you. 15. Parents living in the same community take turns________________ (collect) children from school. 16. The Whites________________ (plant) many trees in the garden since they moved here. 17. Not all the students would rather________________ (play) computer games than________________ (study). 18. The umbrella is used________________ (keep) off rain as well as the sun. 19. Everyone, ________________ (enjoy) your campus life in our school. 20. Has the suspect admitted________________ (steal) the expensive vase from the museum yet? 21. Let me________________ (teach) you how to ride a bike. 22. What________________ it ________________ (take) to be an engineer? 23. The centre will________________ (serve) the whole community. 24. You should________________ (respect) others’ opinions. 25. ________________ grinders often________________ (go) door to door to sharpen tools in the past? III. Rewrite the sentences as required (按要求改写句子) 1. The operator set up a screen and speakers in the square. (改为否定句) The operator__________ __________ up a screen and speakers in the square. 2. Phoebe has dinner with her parents every day. (改为否定句) Phoebe__________ __________ dinner with her parents every day. 3. A dabbawalla delivers lunch boxes to hungry workers every day. (对画线部分提问) __________ is a dabbawalla’ s job__________? 4. A cook needs a passion for cooking and a love for food. (对画线部分提问) What does it__________ __________ be a cook? 5. A teacher provides feedback and support to help students improve themselves. (对画线部分提问) __________ does a teacher__________? 6. This red skirt isn't as cheap as that white one. (保持句意基本不变) That white skirt is__________ __________ this red one. 7. He climbed to the top of the mountain earliest. (保持句意基本不变) He climbed to the top of the mountain__________ __________ any other one. 8. The two friends help each other with their homework every day. (改为反意疑问句) The two friends help each other with their homework every day, __________ __________? 9. Mary's handwriting is good. Alex's handwriting is good, too. (合并句子) Mary's handwriting is__________ __________ as Alex's. 10. sitting, The audience, usually, the film, on small seats, enjoyed, while (连词成句) ____________________________________________________________________ 【U3主题阅读】 I. Choose the best answer (根据以下内容,选择最恰当的答案) In the fast-paced world of today, keeping a healthy work-life balance is more important than ever. As technology makes it hard to leave work behind, many people find it difficult to get time for themselves. Here are some tips to help you manage this balance better: First, know what tasks are most important at work and home. Not everything is urgent. Moreover, make clear rules about when you work and when you relax. Tell the people you work with about your work hours so they know when not to bother you. It also helps to turn off notifications (通知) from work when you' re at home. Taking care of your health is key. Regular exercise, eating well and getting enough sleep help you do well at work and enjoy your time off. Also, spend time on hobbies and with family and friends. These fun activities help you relax and do better when you go back to work. By following these steps, you can have a healthier balance, leading to a more fulfilling and less stressful life. ( ) 1. According to the passage, why is keeping a work-life balance more important than ever today? A. Because people have more work to do than in the past. B. Because technology makes it difficult to separate work from personal life. C. Because most people prefer working from home. D. Because there are more notifications at work. ( ) 2. What does the underlined word “urgent” in the second paragraph mean? A. To be done right away. B. Can wait for later. C. Not important. D. Someone else can do it. ( ) 3. What does the passage suggest you do with notifications from work when you' re at home? A. Check them regularly. B. Keep them on to stay informed. C. Turn them off. D. Answer them only if they' re urgent. ( ) 4. Which of the following is NOT listed as a way to take care of your health? A. Regular exercise. B. Eating well. C. Getting enough sleep. D. Working long hours. ( ) 5. How many tips are given to help you keep a work-life balance in the passage? A. Three B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. ( ) 6. What can be the best title for this passage? A. The Dangers of Technology B. Mastering Work Notifications C. The Key to a Balanced Life D. The Importance of Exercise II. Choose the best answer and complete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文) Tan is one of the panda keepers working in Sichuan. He gets to the park very early every day. First, Tan makes breakfast for the pandas. These cute animals love eating bamboo. He _____1_____ the pandas eat to make sure they are happy and healthy. Mid-morning is playtime. He decorates the pandas’ environment with toys. The pandas have _____2_____ climbing and rolling around. Visitors come to watch and laugh at the playful pandas. Next, it's time to _____3_____. Tan ensures the pandas’ home is tidy and safe. This job is hard but very important because it can prevent different kinds of _____4_____. In the afternoon, he checks each panda. He should look for any signs of sickness and help the pandas that need care. The pandas know their keeper well and feel safe with him. _____5_____ the end of the day, the pandas get more food. Tan usually gives them a mix of bamboo and some fruit. While the pandas eat, he writes down what he noticed about the pandas that day. As the sky gets dark, the pandas get ready to rest. Tan walks around to check on them one _____6_____ time. With the pandas safe in their habitats(栖息地), Tan's day comes to a close, marked by a sense of deep satisfaction about taking care of these lovely animals. ( ) 1. A. looks B. sees C. watches D. listens ( ) 2. A. fun B. happy C. funny D. interested ( ) 3. A. eat B. train C. play D. clean ( ) 4. A. ill B. disease C. sickness D. questions ( ) 5. A. In B. At C. On D. To ( ) 6. A. next B. last C. new D. third III. Answer the questions (根据短文内容回答问题) Dear Rachel, I hope you' re doing well. I want to talk to you about my job and get your advice. I just got a job as a secretary at a company. They pay me a lot, which is great. But the job is very busy and stressful. I have to attend many meetings, answer a lot of phone calls and deal with so much paperwork every single day! I even need to be on a business trip to another city sometimes. Now I'm starting to feel like I want to find a job that isn't so busy, even if it means I don't make as much money. What do you think? Should I stay and get used to the busy days, or should I look for another job that's less busy and makes me happier even if it pays less? I respect your opinion and would love to know what you think I should do. Thanks so much for helping me out with this. Best wishes, Mary 1. Why did Mary write this letter? 2. What is Mary's job right now? 3. How does Mary feel about the payment from her job? 4. What are the duties of Mary's job? 5. Mary doesn't want to find another job, does she? 6. If you were Rachel, can you give her a piece of advice? 1 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $LAITY自制 教师版 讲义内容 1. U3 Jobs知识梳理 2. U3强化练习 （课文解析&U3词转专项&U3基础强化&U3主题阅读） 【课文解析】 A. Amazing dabbawalas They travel more than 100 kilometres every day. They bring about 200,000 meals on bikes or on foot to hungry workers, all at exactly (exact) 12:30 p.m.（时间状语） Many of them can’t read or write. But only 1 in every around 6,000,000 lunch boxes ever goes missing (miss) in one of the biggest cities in the world (世界上最大的城市之一). 教师补充说明： 1) bring sth． to sb．把某物带给某人＝bring sb．sth．带给某人某物 2) ever since 自从那时起 Who are they? They are dabbawalas, the lunch carriers in Mumbai, India. To people working in the centre of Mumbai, home-cooked meals (meal) are like a greeting (greet) from their family. But it’s not easy to travel long distances [ˈdɪstənsɪz] with a lunch box. 教师补充说明： 3) in the center of 在…的中心 4) home-cooked meals家常饭 5) greet sb. with a smile 微笑着问候某人 Thanks to (多亏了) dabbawalas, they can enjoy a hot, fresh [freʃ] and healthy meal from home far away. 教师补充说明： 6) thanks to...多亏…；由于… Kiran, an experienced (experience) dabbawala, tells the story. "Our method is simple (simply) but works well. In the morning we pick up lunch boxes at people's homes by bike. Then we meet at the local railway ['reɪlweɪ] station to sort the boxes out. We use colours, numbers and letters to help each other remember (remember) the customers' names and addresses (address). We won't get it wrong even in our sleep! When in Mumbai, each of us delivers (deliver) meals in a set area. The streets can be busy. The weather can be bad. But the lunch will always be on time." 教师补充说明： 7) method 和 way method通常指的是用一种有系统、有组织、经过思考或规划的方式来完成某项任务或达到某个目标。它强调步骤、程序或技术的使用。 way则更广泛，可以指任何方式、方法、路径或习惯。它不一定强调系统性或规划性，而是更侧重于一种普遍的做法或习惯。 8) easy 和 simple easy多用于描述任务的难易程度。an easy job 一份轻松的工作 simple则更多用于描述事物的性质或结构不复杂。a simple design一个简单的设计 9) sort...out 把…分类 "We work hard to serve (service) people. We get back their trust and respect [rɪ'spekt]. We feel proud of ourselves. (我们为自己感到自豪)" 教师补充说明： 10) trust sb. to do sth. 相信某人会做某事 11) respect sb. for sth.因为某事而尊敬某人 12) take pride in=be proud of 以…为骄傲 B. Career [kə'rɪə(r)] Guidance (guide) Workshop What do we need to do the job? Cook ·Ability to work in a team; ·Knowledge of biology and art; ·High school education (educate) or above. Police officer ·Readiness to help (help) others; ·Good communication (communicate) skills; ·Strong body and mind. Astronaut ·Great curiosity (curious) about space; ·Ability to pass a special flight test ·Years of special training (train). 教师补充说明： 1) above，on和over above表示“在…之上”（表面不接触）。The plane flew above the clouds.飞机在云层上方飞行。 on表示“在…上面”（表面接触）。The book is on the table.书在桌子上。 over表示“在…正上方”（垂直上方）。The bird flew over the tree.鸟飞过树梢。 2) readiness to do sth.乐意做某事 C. Lin Dong meets Mr Ma for an interview at their community garden. Lin Dong: Hello, Mr Ma! Thank you for coming (come). Mr Ma: No problem. Lin Dong: I want to ask you about your job. What does it take to be a cook (cook)? Mr Ma: I studied cooking after high school. Being (be) a cook is like being a scientist in (in/by) some way. You need to know what things taste good together. Lin Dong: Maybe (Maybe/May be) that is why my food is never as good (well) as yours! What do you like most about your job? Mr Ma: The best (good) part is when customers come in and enjoy my food. Lin Dong: What do you need to do every day? Mr Ma: I go to the market early to make sure everything is (be) fresh. Lin Dong: That's why everything in your restaurant tastes so good! 教师补充说明： 1) in some way 表示“在某种程度上”或“在某方面” 2) maybe和 may be maybe＝perhaps maybe是副词，意为“也许”。Maybe I’ll go to the park tomorrow.也许我明天会去公园。 may be是情态动词may加动词原形be，意为“可能是”。She may be at home.她可能在家。 D. In my eyes, it’s wonderful to be a teacher. Teachers give lively (live) and interesting lessons and help (help) us deal with problems. They also play with us. Teachers keep learning and trying (try) new ideas. That is the most wonderful part of the job. The hard work and love from teachers help us really (real) grow. They matter a lot (a lot/ a lot of) to us. 教师补充说明： 1) in one’s eyes 按某人的意见；在某人眼里；依某人看 = in one’s view／in one’s opinion 依某人看 2) lively，alive，living与live lively adj充满活力的（形容人或事物生动The party was lively and everyone was dancing.聚会很热闹，大家都在跳舞 alive adj．活着的（指生物体存活的状态）。The fish is still alive in the tank.水族箱里的鱼还活着。 living adj．活着的（可作定语，更正式）。The living plants need water and sunlight.活着的植物需要水和阳光。 live v．居住；活着（动词形式）。They live in a big house.他们住在一所大房子里。 3) deal with＝solve解决；处理 4) hard work n.辛勤工作；hard-working adj.勤奋的 5) matter=be important to sb.对某人来说很重要 【U3单词】 单词 音标 词性 释义 1. career /kə'rɪə(r)/ n. 职业；事业 2. guidance /'gaɪdns/ n. 指导；引导 3. practical /'præktıkl/ adj. 实际的 4. hairdresser /'heədresə(r)/ n. 理发师 5. tailor /'teɪlə(r)/ n. 裁缝 6. service /'sз:vɪs/ n. 服务 7. officer /'ɒfɪsə(r)/ n. 长官 8. fireman（pl. firemen） /'faɪəmən/ n. 消防员（复数形式 firemen ） 9. artistic /ɑ:'tɪstɪk/ adj. 艺术的 10. photographer /fə'tɒgrəfə(r)/ n. 摄影师 11. artist /'ɑ:tɪst/ n. 艺术家 12. actor /'æktə(r)/ n. （男）演员 13. actress /'æktrəs/ n. （女）演员 14. engineer /ˌendʒɪ'nɪə(r)/ n. 工程师 15. architect /'ɑ:kıtekt/ n. 建筑师 16. designer /dɪ'zaɪnə(r)/ n. 设计师 17. entertain /ˌentə'teɪn/ v. 使快乐；娱乐 18. audience /'ɔ:diəns/ n. 观众 19. set /set/ n. / adj. 摄影场；指定的 20. role /rəʊl/ n. 角色 21. scene /si:n/ n. 现场；场景 22. arrive /ə'raɪv/ v. 到达 23. page /peɪdʒ/ n. （书刊或纸张的）页 24. knowledge /'nɒlɪdʒ/ n. 知识；学问 25. biology /baɪ'ɒlədʒi/ n. 生物学 26. education /ˌedʒu'keɪʃn/ n. 教育 27. above /ə'bʌv/ adv. （水平）超过，更多，更大 28. readiness /'redɪnəs/ n. 乐意 29. communication /kəˌmju:nɪ'keɪʃn/ n. 交流；交际 30. training /'treɪnɪng/ n. 训练；培训 31. taste /teɪst/ v. 品尝 32. maybe /'meɪbi/ adv. 有可能 33. yours /jɔːz/ pron. 您的；你的；你们的 34. customer /'kʌstəmə(r)/ n. 顾客；客户 35. market /'mɑːkɪt/ n. 市场；集市 36. everything /'evriθɪŋ/ pron. 每样事物 37. fresh /freʃ/ adj. 新鲜的 38. restaurant /'restrɒnt/ n. 餐厅 39. pride /praɪd/ n. 骄傲；自豪 40. dabbawala /'dɑːbəwɑːlə/ n. （印度）送饭盒人 41. kilometre (AmE kilometer) /'kɪləmiːtə(r)/ n. 公里；千米（美式拼写 kilometer ） 42. exactly /ɪɡ'zæktli/ adv. 确切地 43. ever /'evə(r)/ adv. 在任何时候；从来 44. centre (AmE center) /'sentə(r)/ n. 中心；中央（美式拼写 center ） 45. greet /ɡriːt/ v. 打招呼；欢迎 46. distance /'dɪstəns/ n. 距离 47. method /'meθəd/ n. 方法；措施 48. simple /'sɪmpl/ adj. 简单的 49. railway /'reɪlweɪ/ n. 铁路；铁道 50. each other 相互；彼此（短语含义 ） 51. address /ə'dres/ n. 地址 52. deliver /dɪ'lɪvə(r)/ v. 递送 53. serve /sɜːv/ v. 服务 54. trust /trʌst/ n. 信任 55. respect /rɪ'spekt/ n. / v. 尊重；尊敬（n. ）；尊重；尊敬（v. ） 56. lively /'laɪvli/ adj. 有活力的；活泼的 57. dictionary /'dɪkʃənri/ n. 词典；字典 . 【U3词转】 1. act v.表演;扮演actor n.男演员→actress n.女演员→action n.动作→activity n.活动 2. architect n.建筑师→architecture n.建筑 3. art n.艺术→artist n.艺术家→artistic adj.艺术的→artwork n.艺术作品 4. arrive v.到达→arrival n.到达;到达者 5. biology n.生物学→biologist n.生物学家 6. communicate v.交流→communication n.交流 7. centre (AmE center) n.中心;中央→central adj.中心的;中央的 8. design v.设计→designer n.设计师 9. deliver v.递送→delivery n.传送 10. engine n.引擎,发动机engineer n.工程师 11. entertain v.使快乐;娱乐→entertainment n.娱乐活动 12. educate v.教育→education n.教育→educational adj.教育的 13. exactly adv.确切地→exact adj.准确的,精确的 14. fire n.火;火灾→fireman n.消防员→firemen n.消防员（pl.） 15. guide v.引导→guide n.导游 v.引导→guidance n.指导,引导 16. greet v.打招呼;欢迎→greeting n.问候;问候语 17. host v.主持;主办 n.主人;节目主持人→hostess n.女主人;女主持人 18. hairdresser n.理发师→haircut n.理发 19. know v.知道;认识→knowledge n.知识→knowledgeable adj.有知识的,博学的 20. live v.居住;活着→lively adj.有活力的;活泼的→alive adj.活着的→living adj.活着的 21. office n.办公室→officer n.军官→official adj.官方的 22. piano n.钢琴→pianist n.钢琴家 23. photo/photograph n.照片→photographer n.摄影师 24. pride n.骄傲;自豪→proud adj.骄傲的;自豪的 25. practice n.实践→practical adj.实际的→practise v.练习 26. respect n.尊重;尊敬 v.尊重;尊敬→respectful adj.恭敬的;有礼貌的 27. serve v.服务→service n.服务;公共事业→servant n.仆人 28. science n.科学→scientist n.科学家 29. simple adj.简单的→simply adv.仅仅,只是 30. scene n.现场;场景→scenic adj.舞台的;戏剧的→scenery n.风景 31. teach v.教;教授→teacher n.教师 32. train v.培训 n.火车→training n.培训→trainer n.教练,运动鞋 33. taste v.品尝→tasty adj.美味的 34. wait v.等待;等候→waiter n.服务员→waitress n.女服务员 【U3词转专项练习】 1. She is one of our country's best______________ and she has acted in many great films.(act) 2. Jenny likes drawing pictures and she wants to be an______________.(art) 3. It's impossible to travel to the Moon without enough______________.(train) 4. Tom always______________ at school ahead of time(提前). He is a good student.（arrival） 5. Tim is very______________, so we like to make friends with him.(live) 1.actresses 2.artist 3.training 4.arrives 5.lively 6. The waiter provided excellent______________ for the customers. (serve) 7. Some police______________ caught the thief after a long chase. (office) 8. These brave______________ saved many people from the burning building. (fireman) 9. She wants to be an______________ when she grows up. (art) 10. This book is very______________ and can help us learn a lot. (education) 6. service 7. officers 8. firemen 9. artist 10. educational 11. He needs more______________ before he can start the new job. (train) 12. These books are not mine. Are they______________? (your) 13. Can you tell me______________ where the library is? (exact) 14. A police______________ helps make our city a safe place. (office) 15. Both Mary and Doris dream of becoming______________. (actress) 11. training 12. yours 13. exactly 14. officer 15. actresses 16. Your answer is______________ right. (exact) 17. The food was good but the______________ was very slow. (serve) 18. He showed a______________ interest in computers. (live) 19. Matt has got a lovely dog from his parents. ______________ (it) name is Brant. 20. As usual, we went______________ (direct) to the speaker for more advice after the lecture. 16. exactly 17. service 18. lively 19. Its 20. directly 21. The new meeting room in our school is twice as big as______________ (they). 22. I don’ t think Tom can swim______________ (cross) the river at this point. It’ s too wide. 23. Our class teacher is a pretty woman and she always makes______________ (she) attractive. 24. Taylor Swift has been one of the most popular______________ (art) in modern music. 25. The manager thanked the workers for______________ (they) hard work and enthusiasm. 21. theirs 22. across 23. herself 24. artists 25. their 26. I was so______________ (pride) that my son had been chosen for the national team. 27. My friend______________ (guidance) me into her living room and offered me a seat on her couch. 28. In our company, there is good ______________ (communicate) between the different departments. 29. No one knows______________ (exact) what happened, but several people have been hurt. 30. The sudden______________ (arrive) of rain put an end to our soccer match. 26. proud 27. guided 28.communication 29.exactly 30.arrival 31. He is studying______________ at university.(architect) 32. The restaurant offers excellent______________.(serve) 33. The______________ created a beautiful new logo for the company.(design) 34. Good______________ skills are important in any job. (communicate) 35. She is a very______________ person. She loves to live life to the fullest. (live) 31. architecture 32.service, 33.designer, 34communication, 35lively 36. The______________ gave a great performance in the play. (act) 37. She is a______________. She serves food quickly. (wait) 38. I'm really ______________ about what happened. (curiosity) 39. Relax ______________ every day, Tommy, or you'll be too tired to get good grades. (you) 40. ______________ of all, please let me introduce myself to you. (one) 36.actor/actress 37.waitress 38.curious 39.yourself 40.First 41. The ______________ discovered a cure for the disease. (science) 42. She offered______________ (practice) advice on how to save money. 43. She sought______________ (guide) from her teacher about which subjects to choose for next semester. 44. The ancient temple is an excellent example of classical______________ (architect). 45. She was______________ (readiness) to leave for the airport an hour before her flight. 41.scientist 42.practical 43. guidance 44. architectures 45. ready 46. The company will______________ (training) new employees on how to use the software. 47. Is this book______________ (you) or mine? 48. Can you find a______________ (simple) solution to this problem? 49. Their______________ (live) conversation kept everyone entertained all the evening. 50. The restaurant is known for its excellent customer______________ (serve). 46. train 47. yours 48. simpler 49. lively 50. service 51. Can you tell me______________ (exact) what happened at the meeting? 52. He made an______________ (officer) visit to Tokyo in March. 53. The painter’ s work is famous for its unique style and high______________ (art) quality. 54. The new theme park offers a wide range of______________ (entertain) choices for visitors of all ages. 55. The______________ (arrive) of the new technology has greatly improved the efficiency of our work processes. 51. exactly 52.official 53.artistic 54.entertainment 55.arrival 56. The team's______________ (ready) for the upcoming competition was clear in their confident practice sessions. 57. They take great______________ (proud) in offering the best service in town. 58. I looked it up in three different______________ (dictionary). 59. He was eager to ______________ (communication) his ideas to the group. 56.readiness57. pride 58. dictionaries59.communicate 【U3 Jobs知识梳理】 1. above / əˈbʌv / adv.(数目、数量、水平、年龄) 超过,更多,更大 prep.在……的上面；超过,多于,大于 【辨析】above，on和 over above表示“在…之上”（不接触） on表示“在…上面”（接触） over表示“在…正上方”（垂直上方） 2. hold-held-held / həʊld /v.拿着;抓住;容纳;包含;举行;进行;保持(记录等) hold=take place举办 hold=contain容纳 【重要词汇运用】 1) A score of 70 or above will get you an“A”. 70 分或以上就可以得 A。 2) We were flying above the clouds.我们在云层上面飞。 3) We can accept children above the age of 10.我们能接受 10 岁以上的儿童。 4) The plane flew above the clouds.飞机在云层上方飞行。 5) The book is on the table.书在桌子上。 6) The bird flew over the tree.鸟飞过树梢。 7) She was holding a large box.她提着一只大箱子。 8) The plane holds about 300 passengers.这架飞机可容纳大约 300 名乘客。 9) The meeting will be held in the community centre.会议将在社区活动中心举行。 10) Who holds the world record for the long jump? 跳远世界纪录的保持者是谁? 3. above all 最重要的是;尤其是 =especially=most important of all 4. by doing... 通过做...; 通过某种方式 5. bring sth．to sb．把某物带给某人 6. deal with 处理,解决 deal with =handle 7. feel proud of．．．对…感到自豪 8. get sth. wrong 把东西弄错 9. in one's eyes 在某人看来 in one's eyes =in one’s opinion =in one's views =from one's point of view=according to sb. 用来表示某人的观点、看法或意见 10. in some way在某种程度上 11. in the centre of 在······中心 12. keep doing 一直/不断做某事 类似的动词还有： enjoy doing喜欢做某事 finish doing做完某事 practise doing练习做某事 13. matter a lot to sb．对······至关重要 14. on/off duty 值(或下)班;值(或不值)勤 15. on time 准时 16. pick up(通常指开车)接载,取走；拿起;拾起;捡起 17. readiness to do sth.乐意做某事 (be) ready to... 准备好做某事或处于某种状态 18. sort sth. out(sort out sth.)分拣出:挑出 19. take up开始从事… 20. take care of处理;负责 take care of =look after =care for照顾 【重要词组运用】 1) Above all，keep in touch.最要紧的是保持联系 2) He makes some money by washing the dishes at the restaurant.他在这家餐厅洗碗挣点儿钱。 3) Can you help me deal with this difficult problem?你能帮我处理这个难题吗' 4) The world seems beautiful in a child's eyes.在孩子看来,世界是如此美好。 5) In her eyes, honesty is the most important quality in a friend.在她眼中,诚实是朋友最重要的品质。 6) In his opinion, it's a good idea to keep pet dogs.在他看来养宠物狗是个好主意。 7) You can't go out and play before you finish doing your homework.写完作业之前,你不可以出去玩。 8) If you practise speaking English, you’ll soon improve.只要你练习说英语很快就会进步。 9) He always enjoys listening to music in his spare time.他空闲时间喜欢听音乐。 10) Who's on duty today?今天谁值班? 11) What time do you go off duty?你什么时候不值班? 12) We drove to the airport the next morning to pick up Susan.我们第二天早晨开车去机场接苏姗。 13) He picked his cap up from the floor and put it back on his head.他从地板上拾起帽子,重新戴在头上。 14) He's always ready to help his friends with their problems.他总是乐于帮助朋友解决困难。 15) Sort out any clothes you want to throw away.把你打算扔掉的衣服分拣出来。 16) Don't worry. I’ll take care of your problem.别担心,我会处理你的问题。 17) We've asked my mother to take care of/look after the kids while we're away.我们已请我的母亲在我们外出时照看孩子。 【U3强化】 I. Complete the sentences with the phrases in the box.用方框内的短语完成句子。 A.no more than B. in the centre of C. thanks to D. far away E. on time F. pick up G. take care of H. was proud of I. sort out J. go missing 1. Could you do me a favour and________________________ Sam from school today? 2. His grandparents would________________________ him when his parents were busy. 3. Children often________________________ in such places as shopping malls, railway stations and amusement parks. 4. We finished the job on time________________________ everybody's help. 5.There is room for________________________ three cars. 6. It has been over half a month since my friend went________________________. 7.My cousin________________________ himself for not giving up. 8.We need to________________________ rubbish and put it into different kinds of bins. 9. We can finish this job________________________ if everyone does their best. F, G, J, C, A, D, H, I, E II. Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the given verbs. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. I learned a precious lesson from that experience that practice ________________ (make) perfect. 2. He has known Jack very well since they________________ (become) friends years ago. 3. I saw students________________ (play) in the backyard happily just now. 4. I think Mary will come to see her mother before she________________ (leave) the city. 5. We don’ t believe her any more, for she________________ (lie) to us several times. 6. When Thomas visited me this morning, I________________ (read) a novel. 7. — Did you tell them where he________________ (go)? — Yes. And I also told them he________________ (not come) back until the next week. 8. What________________ you________________ (do) from nine to ten yesterday morning? 9. Sally________________ (get) out of bed, ________________ (open) the window and________________ (go) into the bathroom. 10. The train________________ (leave) in ten minutes. We must hurry up. 11. While the men were working hard in the fields, the women________________ (enjoy) themselves in the house. 12. So far Russia________________ (conduct) several investigations to find out the cause of the explosion. 13. By the end of last month, students________________ (learn) 300 new words. 14. If I________________ (pass) my exams successfully tomorrow, I________________ (inform) you. 15. Parents living in the same community take turns________________ (collect) children from school. 16. The Whites________________ (plant) many trees in the garden since they moved here. 17. Not all the students would rather________________ (play) computer games than________________ (study). 18. The umbrella is used________________ (keep) off rain as well as the sun. 19. Everyone, ________________ (enjoy) your campus life in our school. 20. Has the suspect admitted________________ (steal) the expensive vase from the museum yet? 21. Let me________________ (teach) you how to ride a bike. 22. What________________ it ________________ (take) to be an engineer? 23. The centre will________________ (serve) the whole community. 24. You should________________ (respect) others’ opinions. 25. ________________ grinders often________________ (go) door to door to sharpen tools in the past? 1. makes 2. became 3. playing 4. leaves 5. has lied 6. was reading 7. had gone,wouldn't come 8. were, doing 9. got, opened, went 10. will leave 11. were enjoying12. has conducted 13. had learned 14. pass, will inform 15. to collect 16. have planted17. play, study 18. to keep 19. enjoy 20. stealing 21. teach 22. does, take 23. serve 24. respect 25. Did, go III. Rewrite the sentences as required (按要求改写句子) 1. The operator set up a screen and speakers in the square. (改为否定句) The operator__________ __________ up a screen and speakers in the square. 2. Phoebe has dinner with her parents every day. (改为否定句) Phoebe__________ __________ dinner with her parents every day. 3. A dabbawalla delivers lunch boxes to hungry workers every day. (对画线部分提问) __________ is a dabbawalla’ s job__________? 4. A cook needs a passion for cooking and a love for food. (对画线部分提问) What does it__________ __________ be a cook? 5. A teacher provides feedback and support to help students improve themselves. (对画线部分提问) __________ does a teacher__________? 6. This red skirt isn't as cheap as that white one. (保持句意基本不变) That white skirt is__________ __________ this red one. 7. He climbed to the top of the mountain earliest. (保持句意基本不变) He climbed to the top of the mountain__________ __________ any other one. 8. The two friends help each other with their homework every day. (改为反意疑问句) The two friends help each other with their homework every day, __________ __________? 9. Mary's handwriting is good. Alex's handwriting is good, too. (合并句子) Mary's handwriting is__________ __________ as Alex's. 10. sitting, The audience, usually, the film, on small seats, enjoyed, while (连词成句) ____________________________________________________________________ 1. didn't set 2. doesn't have 3. What, like 4. need to 5. What, do 6. cheaper than7. earlier than 8. don’ t they 9. as good 10. The audience usually enjoyed the film while sitting on small seats. 【U3主题阅读】 I. Choose the best answer (根据以下内容,选择最恰当的答案) In the fast-paced world of today, keeping a healthy work-life balance is more important than ever. As technology makes it hard to leave work behind, many people find it difficult to get time for themselves. Here are some tips to help you manage this balance better: First, know what tasks are most important at work and home. Not everything is urgent. Moreover, make clear rules about when you work and when you relax. Tell the people you work with about your work hours so they know when not to bother you. It also helps to turn off notifications (通知) from work when you' re at home. Taking care of your health is key. Regular exercise, eating well and getting enough sleep help you do well at work and enjoy your time off. Also, spend time on hobbies and with family and friends. These fun activities help you relax and do better when you go back to work. By following these steps, you can have a healthier balance, leading to a more fulfilling and less stressful life. ( ) 1. According to the passage, why is keeping a work-life balance more important than ever today? A. Because people have more work to do than in the past. B. Because technology makes it difficult to separate work from personal life. C. Because most people prefer working from home. D. Because there are more notifications at work. ( ) 2. What does the underlined word “urgent” in the second paragraph mean? A. To be done right away. B. Can wait for later. C. Not important. D. Someone else can do it. ( ) 3. What does the passage suggest you do with notifications from work when you' re at home? A. Check them regularly. B. Keep them on to stay informed. C. Turn them off. D. Answer them only if they' re urgent. ( ) 4. Which of the following is NOT listed as a way to take care of your health? A. Regular exercise. B. Eating well. C. Getting enough sleep. D. Working long hours. ( ) 5. How many tips are given to help you keep a work-life balance in the passage? A. Three B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. ( ) 6. What can be the best title for this passage? A. The Dangers of Technology B. Mastering Work Notifications C. The Key to a Balanced Life D. The Importance of Exercise 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. C 答案与解析（含原文定位） 1. 答案：B · 解析：题目问 “为何如今保持工作生活平衡比以往更重要”。 · 原文定位：第 1 段第 2 句 “As technology makes it hard to leave work behind, many people find it difficult to get time for themselves.”（由于科技使人难以将工作抛在脑后，许多人发现很难拥有属于自己的时间）。 · 选项 B “科技使人难以区分工作与私人生活” 与原文表述一致。 2. 答案：A · 解析：题目问 “第 2 段中‘urgent’的含义”。 · 原文定位：第 2 段第 1-2 句 “First, know what tasks are most important at work and home. Not everything is urgent.”（首先，要明确工作和家庭中哪些任务最重要。并非所有事情都很 urgent）。 · 由 “最重要” 与 “并非所有” 的逻辑可知，“urgent” 指 “需要立刻做的”，对应选项 A；选项 B（可稍后做）、C（不重要）、D（别人可做）均与语境矛盾。 3. 答案：C · 解析：题目问 “文章建议在家时如何处理工作通知”。 · 原文定位：第 2 段最后 1 句 “It also helps to turn off notifications (通知) from work when you're at home.”（在家时关掉工作通知也会有帮助）。 · 选项 C “关掉它们” 与原文完全一致。 4. 答案：D · 解析：题目问 “下列哪项未被列为保健方式”。 · 原文定位：第 3 段第 2 句 “Regular exercise, eating well and getting enough sleep help you do well at work and enjoy your time off.”（规律运动、健康饮食和充足睡眠能帮助你做好工作、享受休息时间）。 · 选项 A（规律运动）、B（健康饮食）、C（充足睡眠）均被提及，选项 D “长时间工作” 未提及且不符合 “保健” 逻辑。 5. 答案：B · 解析：题目问 “文章给出多少条平衡工作生活的建议”。 · 原文定位与梳理： 2. 第 2 段：明确工作和家庭中的重要任务（know what tasks are most important）； 2. 第 2 段：制定工作与休息的明确规则（make clear rules about work and relax time）、告知同事工作时间并关掉工作通知（tell work hours to colleagues + turn off work notifications）； 2. 第 3 段：关注健康（regular exercise, eating well, enough sleep）； 2. 第 3 段：花时间在爱好和亲友身上（spend time on hobbies and family/friends）。 · 共 4 条建议，对应选项 B。 6. 答案：C · 解析：题目问 “文章最佳标题”。 · 全文核心：第 1 段提出 “保持工作生活平衡很重要”，第 2-3 段给出具体建议，第 4 段总结 “遵循建议可实现更健康的平衡，让生活更充实、压力更小”。 · 选项 A（科技的危害）仅提及第 1 段细节，非主旨；选项 B（掌握工作通知）仅为第 2 段中的一个小建议；选项 D（运动的重要性）仅为第 3 段中的一个保健方式；选项 C（平衡生活的关键）涵盖 “工作生活平衡” 的核心主题，符合主旨。 II. Choose the best answer and complete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文) Tan is one of the panda keepers working in Sichuan. He gets to the park very early every day. First, Tan makes breakfast for the pandas. These cute animals love eating bamboo. He _____1_____ the pandas eat to make sure they are happy and healthy. Mid-morning is playtime. He decorates the pandas’ environment with toys. The pandas have _____2_____ climbing and rolling around. Visitors come to watch and laugh at the playful pandas. Next, it's time to _____3_____. Tan ensures the pandas’ home is tidy and safe. This job is hard but very important because it can prevent different kinds of _____4_____. In the afternoon, he checks each panda. He should look for any signs of sickness and help the pandas that need care. The pandas know their keeper well and feel safe with him. _____5_____ the end of the day, the pandas get more food. Tan usually gives them a mix of bamboo and some fruit. While the pandas eat, he writes down what he noticed about the pandas that day. As the sky gets dark, the pandas get ready to rest. Tan walks around to check on them one _____6_____ time. With the pandas safe in their habitats(栖息地), Tan's day comes to a close, marked by a sense of deep satisfaction about taking care of these lovely animals. ( ) 1. A. looks B. sees C. watches D. listens ( ) 2. A. fun B. happy C. funny D. interested ( ) 3. A. eat B. train C. play D. clean ( ) 4. A. ill B. disease C. sickness D. questions ( ) 5. A. In B. At C. On D. To ( ) 6. A. next B. last C. new D. third 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. B 6. B 解析（对应原文段落与句子） 1. 第 1 题：C. watches · 关键句：First, Tan makes breakfast for the pandas... He _____ the pandas eat to make sure they are happy and healthy.（第二段前两句） · 解析： 选项需表达 “观察、看护” 熊猫进食的动作，确保其健康。 · A. looks（看）：为不及物动词，后接宾语需加介词（如 look at），语法不符； · B. sees（看见）：强调 “看到” 的结果，而非 “持续观察” 的过程； · C. watches（观看、看护）：强调 “专注地观察、留意”，符合 “看护熊猫进食以确保健康” 的语境； · D. listens（听）：与 “eat（吃）” 的动作搭配逻辑不符。 2. 第 2 题：A. fun · 关键句：Mid-morning is playtime. He decorates the pandas’ environment with toys. The pandas have _____ climbing and rolling around.（第二段中间三句） · 解析： 此处需填名词，构成 “have fun doing sth”（做某事很开心）的固定搭配。 · A. fun（乐趣，名词）：符合 “have fun + 动词 - ing” 的语法结构，表达 “熊猫爬滚时很开心”； · B. happy（开心的，形容词）：需搭配 “be happy”，不能直接用 “have happy”； · C. funny（有趣的，形容词）：为形容词，无法作 “have” 的宾语； · D. interested（感兴趣的，形容词）：需搭配 “be interested in”，语法不符。 3. 第 3 题：D. clean · 关键句：Next, it's time to _____. Tan ensures the pandas’ home is tidy and safe.（第三段前两句） · 解析： 后句 “确保熊猫的家整洁安全” 提示，空格处需表达 “打扫、清洁” 的动作。 · A. eat（吃）：此时并非熊猫进食时间，逻辑不符； · B. train（训练）：原文未提及 “训练” 相关内容； · C. play（玩）：“玩耍” 是上午的活动，此处为 “接下来的时间”，逻辑不符； · D. clean（打扫）：与 “确保家整洁” 直接对应，语义一致。 4. 第 4 题：C. sickness · 关键句：This job is hard but very important because it can prevent different kinds of _____.（第三段第三句） · 解析： 空格需填名词，表达 “清洁工作能预防的事物”，结合 “熊猫健康” 语境，应指 “疾病”。 · A. ill（生病的，形容词）：词性不符，需名词； · B. disease（疾病，名词）：通常指 “特定的、有传染性的疾病”，此处 “different kinds of”（各种）更侧重 “广义的健康问题”，语义稍窄； · C. sickness（疾病、不适，名词）：泛指 “身体的不健康状态”，可搭配 “different kinds of”，符合 “预防各种健康问题” 的语境； · D. questions（问题）：与 “清洁预防健康风险” 的语义无关。 5. 第 5 题：B. At · 关键句：_____ the end of the day, the pandas get more food.（第四段第一句） · 解析： 考查固定搭配 “at the end of”（在…… 结束时），为固定介词用法。 · A. In（in the end：最终，不接 “of”）；C. On（无 “on the end of” 搭配）；D. To（无 “to the end of” 表 “在…… 结束时” 的用法），均排除。 6. 第 6 题：B. last · 关键句：As the sky gets dark, the pandas get ready to rest. Tan walks around to check on them one _____ time.（第五段前两句） · 解析： 语境为 “天黑了熊猫准备休息”，提示这是当天 “最后一次” 检查。 · A. next（下一次）：与 “准备休息” 的时间逻辑不符； · B. last（最后的）：“one last time”（最后一次），符合 “一天结束前最后检查” 的语义； · C. new（新的）：“one new time” 无此搭配，语义不通； · D. third（第三次）：原文未提及 “检查次数为三次”，无依据。 III. Answer the questions (根据短文内容回答问题) Dear Rachel, I hope you' re doing well. I want to talk to you about my job and get your advice. I just got a job as a secretary at a company. They pay me a lot, which is great. But the job is very busy and stressful. I have to attend many meetings, answer a lot of phone calls and deal with so much paperwork every single day! I even need to be on a business trip to another city sometimes. Now I'm starting to feel like I want to find a job that isn't so busy, even if it means I don't make as much money. What do you think? Should I stay and get used to the busy days, or should I look for another job that's less busy and makes me happier even if it pays less? I respect your opinion and would love to know what you think I should do. Thanks so much for helping me out with this. Best wishes, Mary 1. Why did Mary write this letter? 2. What is Mary's job right now? 3. How does Mary feel about the payment from her job? 4. What are the duties of Mary's job? 5. Mary doesn't want to find another job, does she? 6. If you were Rachel, can you give her a piece of advice? 1. She wanted to talk to Rachel about her job and get some advice. 2. She is a secretary. 3. She feels great. 4. Attending meetings, answering phone calls, dealing with paperwork and being on a business trip to another city sometimes. 5. Yes, she does. 6. I think you should leave your job and health is more important than money. 答案与解析（含原文定位） 1. 答案：Mary wrote this letter to talk about her job and get Rachel's advice on whether to stay in her current busy job or look for a less busy one with lower pay. · 解析：信件核心目的是咨询建议。 · 原文定位：第 1 段第 2 句 “I want to talk to you about my job and get your advice.” 和第 3 段第 2-3 句 “What do you think? Should I stay... or should I look for another job...?”（明确提及咨询 “是否换工作” 的具体建议）。 2. 答案：Mary's current job is a secretary at a company. · 解析：直接询问当前职业，原文有明确表述。 · 原文定位：第 2 段第 1 句 “I just got a job as a secretary at a company.” 3. 答案：Mary thinks the payment from her job is great (because they pay her a lot). · 解析：需说明 Mary 对薪资的态度，原文直接评价了薪资。 · 原文定位：第 2 段第 2 句 “They pay me a lot, which is great.” 4. 答案：Mary's job duties include attending many meetings, answering a lot of phone calls, dealing with much paperwork every day, and sometimes going on a business trip to another city. · 解析：需罗列所有工作职责，原文逐一提及。 · 原文定位：第 2 段第 3-4 句 “I have to attend many meetings, answer a lot of phone calls and deal with so much paperwork every single day! I even need to be on a business trip to another city sometimes.” 5. 答案：Yes, she does. (She is starting to feel like she wants to find a job that isn't so busy, even if it pays less.) · 解析：题目为反义疑问句（“玛丽不想找另一份工作，是吗？”），需根据原文判断实际态度。 · 原文定位：第 3 段第 1 句 “Now I'm starting to feel like I want to find a job that isn't so busy, even if it means I don't make as much money.”（明确表达 “想找另一份不那么忙的工作”，故反义疑问句的答案应为肯定）。 6. 答案：（示例）If I were Rachel, I would advise Mary to first try to adjust to her current job for a short time—for example, making a to-do list to manage her work better. If she still feels too stressed and unhappy after that, she can start looking for a less busy job that makes her happier, since job satisfaction is also important besides money. · 解析：此题为开放性建议，需结合原文中 Mary“薪资高但压力大，想换清闲工作” 的矛盾点，给出合理、有条理的建议即可（无固定原文定位，需基于文章情境推导）。 1 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $