Unit 3 War and Peace 词汇拓展短语背记（一）清单-2024-2025学年高中英语外研版选择性必修第三册

该高中英语Unit 3“War and Peace”词汇拓展短语清单系统梳理了战争与和平主题下的高频短语与句型，涵盖军事行动、冲突应对、和平维护、情感表达等五大知识范畴，构建了从基础释义到语境应用的阶梯式学习支架，助力学生实现语言输入到输出的转化。 清单通过分类归类、难度分级和语境关联等方式呈现知识体系，如将“be code-named sth”“liberate a city”等重难点短语标注为高阶用法，并配以中英对照例句强化理解，体现语言能力与思维品质的融合培养。特别设计“记忆口诀卡”（如“drown in water, drown out sound”区分含义）和“易混短语对比表”（如“armed combatant vs enemy combatant”），帮助学生精准辨析，提升学习效率。教师可据此开展分层教学与情境任务设计，学生则能自主构建词汇网络，实现高效复习与迁移运用。

UNIT 3 War and Peace.词汇拓展短语背记（一） 序号 短语或句型 意思 例句（中英对照） 1 violent storm 暴风雨 1. The violent storm knocked down many trees in the neighborhood.（暴风雨刮倒了小区里的许多树。）2. We had to stay at home because of the violent storm.（因为暴风雨，我们不得不待在家里。） 2 violent crime 暴力犯罪 1. The government has taken measures to reduce violent crime in the city.（政府已采取措施减少城市中的暴力犯罪。）2. He was arrested for committing a violent crime.（他因实施暴力犯罪被逮捕。） 3 be violent towards sb 对某人粗暴 1. It’s illegal to be violent towards family members.（对家庭成员粗暴是违法的。）2. The teacher warned the student not to be violent towards his classmates.（老师警告该学生不要对同学粗暴。） 4 D-Day landing 诺曼底登陆 1. The D-Day landing was a turning point in World War II.（诺曼底登陆是二战的转折点。）2. We learned about the D-Day landing in our history class.（我们在历史课上学习了诺曼底登陆。） 5 emergency landing 紧急降落 1. The pilot made an emergency landing on a field due to engine failure.（由于发动机故障，飞行员在一片田野上紧急降落。）2. All passengers were safe after the emergency landing.（紧急降落后，所有乘客都安全了。） 6 make a landing 着陆 1. The plane will make a landing at Beijing Airport in 30 minutes.（飞机将在30分钟后在北京机场着陆。）2. The astronaut successfully made a landing on the moon.（宇航员成功在月球上着陆。） 7 Allied forces 同盟国军队 1. The Allied forces fought against the Axis powers in World War II.（二战中，同盟国军队对抗轴心国。）2. The Allied forces won an important battle in 1944.（1944年，同盟国军队赢得了一场重要战役。） 8 Allied powers 同盟国 1. The Allied powers included the UK, the US and the Soviet Union during World War II.（二战期间，同盟国包括英国、美国和苏联。）2. The Allied powers worked together to end the war.（同盟国共同努力结束了战争。） 9 Allied troops 同盟国部队 1. Allied troops landed on the French coast in June 1944.（1944年6月，同盟国部队在法国海岸登陆。）2. Allied troops helped liberate many European cities.（同盟国部队帮助解放了许多欧洲城市。） 10 send troops 派遣部队 1. The government decided to send troops to help the disaster-stricken area.（政府决定派遣部队帮助灾区。）2. The UN sent troops to maintain peace in the conflict zone.（联合国派遣部队在冲突地区维持和平。） 11 troops of 成群的 1. Troops of tourists visited the Great Wall during the National Day holiday.（国庆假期，成群的游客参观了长城。）2. Troops of birds flew south for the winter.（成群的鸟儿南飞过冬。） 12 government troops 政府军 1. Government troops were sent to protect the border.（政府军被派去守卫边境。）2. Government troops helped rescue people after the earthquake.（地震后，政府军帮助救援群众。） 13 code-name the plan "Overlord" 把计划代号定为“霸王” 1. The military coded-named the Normandy landing plan "Overlord".（军方将诺曼底登陆计划代号定为“霸王”。）2. They coded-named the secret project "Phoenix" to keep it confidential.（为保密，他们将这个秘密项目代号定为“凤凰”。） 14 be code-named sth 被代号为某物 1. This new research project is code-named "Blue Sky".（这个新研究项目被代号为“蓝天”。）2. The special task force was code-named "Falcon" by the command.（这支特遣队被指挥部代号为“猎鹰”。） 15 code-name a project 给项目起代号 1. The team decided to code-name the new product project "Sunshine".（团队决定给新产品项目起代号为“阳光”。）2. It’s common to code-name sensitive projects in the military.（军方给敏感项目起代号是常见做法。） 16 high tide 涨潮 1. We went to pick up seashells at the beach when it was high tide.（涨潮时，我们去海滩捡贝壳。）2. The high tide brought many interesting things to the shore.（涨潮把许多有趣的东西冲到了岸边。） 17 low tide 落潮 1. The rocks under the sea are exposed at low tide.（落潮时，海底的岩石会露出来。）2. Fishermen often go fishing at low tide.（渔民经常在落潮时去捕鱼。） 18 tide over 帮助渡过难关 1. My parents lent me some money to tide me over the difficult time.（父母借了些钱给我，帮我渡过难关。）2. This part-time job helped tide her over until she found a full-time one.（这份兼职帮她撑到找到全职工作。） 19 Supreme Court 最高法院 1. The case was finally heard by the Supreme Court.（这个案子最终由最高法院审理。）2. The Supreme Court made an important decision on civil rights.（最高法院就公民权利做出了重要裁决。） 20 supreme leader 最高领导人 1. The country’s supreme leader put forward a new development plan.（该国最高领导人提出了新的发展计划。）2. The supreme leader attended the opening ceremony of the conference.（最高领导人出席了大会开幕式。） 21 supreme power 最高权力 1. In this country, supreme power belongs to the people.（在这个国家，最高权力属于人民。）2. The constitution defines where supreme power lies.（宪法明确了最高权力的归属。） 22 military commander 军事指挥官 1. He used to be a famous military commander with rich experience.（他曾是一位经验丰富的著名军事指挥官。）2. The military commander made a detailed battle plan.（军事指挥官制定了详细的作战计划。） 23 supreme commander 最高指挥官 1. The general served as the supreme commander of the Allied forces.（这位将军担任过同盟国部队的最高指挥官。）2. The supreme commander is responsible for the overall battle strategy.（最高指挥官负责整体作战战略。） 24 unit commander 部队指挥官 1. The unit commander led his soldiers to complete the task successfully.（部队指挥官带领士兵成功完成了任务。）2. The unit commander held a meeting to discuss the training plan.（部队指挥官召开会议讨论训练计划。） 25 jump with a parachute 跳伞 1. Only well-trained soldiers can jump with a parachute from a high plane.（只有训练有素的士兵才能从高空飞机上跳伞。）2. He learned to jump with a parachute during his military service.（他在服兵役期间学会了跳伞。） 26 parachute troops 伞兵部队 1. The parachute troops landed behind the enemy lines secretly.（伞兵部队秘密在敌后着陆。）2. The parachute troops played an important role in the battle.（伞兵部队在战役中发挥了重要作用。） 27 open a parachute 打开降落伞 1. The soldier must open the parachute at the right time to land safely.（士兵必须在正确的时机打开降落伞才能安全着陆。）2. He forgot to open the parachute in time during the training, but luckily he was safe.（训练时他差点没及时打开降落伞，幸好安全无事。） 28 achieve an objective 实现目标 1. We need to work hard together to achieve our objective this year.（我们需要共同努力，实现今年的目标。）2. She finally achieved her objective of becoming a doctor.（她最终实现了成为医生的目标。） 29 main objective 主要目标 1. The main objective of this project is to protect the environment.（这个项目的主要目标是保护环境。）2. Our main objective for the exam is to improve our scores.（我们考试的主要目标是提高分数。） 30 set an objective 设定目标 1. It’s important to set a clear objective before starting a task.（开始一项任务前，设定明确的目标很重要。）2. She set an objective to learn English well within a year.（她设定了一年内学好英语的目标。） 31 long coastline 漫长的海岸线 1. China has a long coastline along the Pacific Ocean.（中国拥有沿太平洋的漫长海岸线。）2. The country’s long coastline brings rich marine resources.（该国漫长的海岸线带来了丰富的海洋资源。） 32 rocky coastline 多岩石的海岸线 1. The rocky coastline is not suitable for swimming because of sharp stones.（多岩石的海岸线因石头锋利，不适合游泳。）2. We saw many seabirds resting on the rocky coastline.（我们看到许多海鸟在多岩石的海岸线上休息。） 33 coastline of a country 国家的海岸线 1. The coastline of Australia is more than 25,000 kilometers long.（澳大利亚的海岸线超过2.5万公里。）2. The coastline of this country is famous for its beautiful beaches.（这个国家的海岸线以美丽的海滩闻名。） 34 domestic violence 家庭暴力 1. We should speak out against domestic violence.（我们应该大声反对家庭暴力。）2. The government has set up hotlines to help victims of domestic violence.（政府已设立热线，帮助家庭暴力受害者。） 35 use violence 使用暴力 1. No one should use violence to solve problems.（任何人都不应使用暴力解决问题。）2. He was punished for using violence against others.（他因对他人使用暴力而受到惩罚。） 36 against violence 反对暴力 1. Many people took part in the campaign against violence.（许多人参加了反对暴力的运动。）2. Schools should teach students to be against violence from an early age.（学校应从小教学生反对暴力。） 37 in horror 惊恐地 1. Everyone stared in horror at the car accident.（所有人都惊恐地盯着那场车祸。）2. She looked at the broken vase in horror.（她惊恐地看着那个打碎的花瓶。） 38 horror film 恐怖片 1. She doesn’t dare to watch horror films alone at night.（她不敢在晚上独自看恐怖片。）2. We watched a horror film together last weekend, but I didn’t sleep well.（上周末我们一起看了恐怖片，我没睡好。） 39 scream in horror 惊恐地尖叫 1. The little girl screamed in horror when she saw the snake.（小女孩看到蛇时，惊恐地尖叫起来。）2. People screamed in horror when the building started to shake.（大楼开始摇晃时，人们惊恐地尖叫。） 40 drown in water 淹死在水里 1. The little boy almost drowned in the river while playing.（小男孩玩耍时差点淹死在河里。）2. We should warn children not to swim alone to avoid drowning in water.（我们应警告孩子不要独自游泳，避免淹死在水里。） 41 drown out 淹没（声音） 1. The loud music drowned out the sound of the phone.（ loud的音乐淹没了电话铃声。）2. The noise from the construction site drowned out our conversation.（建筑工地的噪音淹没了我们的谈话声。） 42 be drowned 被淹死 1. The fisherman was drowned in the stormy sea.（渔民在狂风暴雨的海里被淹死了。）2. Three people were drowned in the flood last month.（上个月有三人在洪水中被淹死。） 43 hear gunfire 听到炮火声 1. We could hear gunfire from the distance during the war.（战争期间，我们能听到远处的炮火声。）2. The villagers were scared when they heard gunfire nearby.（村民们听到附近的炮火声时很害怕。） 44 heavy gunfire 猛烈的炮火 1. The soldiers had to take cover because of the heavy gunfire.（由于猛烈的炮火，士兵们不得不寻找掩护。）2. Heavy gunfire lasted for hours during the battle.（战役中，猛烈的炮火持续了数小时。） 45 nearby gunfire 附近的炮火 1. The family hid in the basement because of nearby gunfire.（由于附近的炮火，这家人躲进了地下室。）2. Nearby gunfire made it impossible for us to go outside.（附近的炮火让我们无法出门。） 46 amongst the crowd 在人群中 1. She finally found her daughter amongst the crowd.（她终于在人群中找到了女儿。）2. The singer waved to her fans amongst the crowd.（歌手向人群中的粉丝挥手。） 47 amongst friends 在朋友中 1. Amongst friends, we can talk about our worries freely.（在朋友中，我们可以自由地谈论烦恼。）2. He feels more relaxed amongst friends than with strangers.（他和朋友在一起比和陌生人在一起更放松。） 48 amongst other things 除其他事情外 1. He likes sports, amongst other things, such as basketball and swimming.（除其他事情外，他还喜欢运动，比如篮球和游泳。）2. The plan includes, amongst other things, building a new school.（除其他事情外，这个计划还包括建一所新学校。） 49 armored tank 装甲坦克 1. The armored tank can resist most attacks on the battlefield.（装甲坦克在战场上能抵御大多数攻击。）2. The army bought a number of new armored tanks this year.（军队今年购买了一批新的装甲坦克。） 50 tank unit 坦克部队 1. The tank unit was sent to the front line to support the infantry.（坦克部队被派往前线支援步兵。）2. The tank unit completed its mission successfully under difficult conditions.（坦克部队在艰苦条件下成功完成了任务。） 51 drive a tank 驾驶坦克 1. Only trained soldiers are allowed to drive a tank.（只有经过训练的士兵才被允许驾驶坦克。）2. He spent three months learning how to drive a tank.（他花了三个月时间学习驾驶坦克。） 52 recall doing sth 回忆起做过某事 1. I can still recall visiting the Forbidden City when I was 10.（我还能回忆起10岁时参观故宫的情景。）2. She recalled meeting the famous writer at a conference.（她回忆起在一次会议上见过那位著名作家。） 53 recall that 从句 记得…… 1. He recalled that he had left his keys at home.（他记得自己把钥匙落在家里了。）2. She recalled that the meeting would start at 9 o’clock.（她记得会议将在9点开始。） 54 can't recall 记不起 1. I can’t recall his name, even though we met before.（尽管我们以前见过，但我记不起他的名字了。）2. She can’t recall where she put her phone.（她记不起把手机放在哪里了。） 55 barely escape 勉强逃脱 1. He barely escaped from the burning house with the help of firefighters.（在消防员的帮助下，他勉强从着火的房子里逃了出来。）2. The rabbit barely escaped from the wolf’s chase.（兔子勉强从狼的追捕中逃脱。） 56 barely enough 勉强足够 1. The food we have is barely enough for the next three days.（我们现有的食物勉强够未来三天吃。）2. His salary is barely enough to support his family.（他的工资勉强够养家。） 57 barely visible 几乎看不见 1. The stars are barely visible in the city because of light pollution.（由于光污染，在城市里几乎看不见星星。）2. The small path is barely visible in the dark.（这条小路在黑暗中几乎看不见。） 58 liberate a city 解放一座城市 1. The army fought hard to liberate the occupied city.（军队奋力解放了这座被占领的城市。）2. The city was liberated in 1945 after years of war.（经过多年战争，这座城市于1945年解放。） 59 liberate people from 把人们从……中解放出来 1. Education can liberate people from ignorance.（教育能把人们从无知中解放出来。）2. The revolution liberated people from poverty and oppression.（革命把人们从贫困和压迫中解放出来。） 60 liberated areas 解放区 1. People in liberated areas lived a better life than before.（解放区的人们过上了比以前更好的生活。）2. The government set up many schools and hospitals in liberated areas.（政府在解放区建立了许多学校和医院。） 61 memorial service 追悼会 1. We held a memorial service for the hero who saved others’ lives.（我们为那位救了别人性命的英雄举行了追悼会。）2. Many people attended the memorial service of the famous scientist.（许多人参加了那位著名科学家的追悼会。） 62 memorial hall 纪念馆 1. We visited the memorial hall of the great leader last weekend.（上周末我们参观了那位伟大领导人的纪念馆。）2. The memorial hall displays many historical photos and objects.（纪念馆展出了许多历史照片和实物。） 63 memorial day 纪念日 1. We celebrate National Memorial Day to remember the heroes.（我们庆祝国家纪念日，缅怀英雄。）2. June 6th is a memorial day for the D-Day landing.（6月6日是诺曼底登陆纪念日。） 64 solemn face 严肃的表情 1. He had a solemn face when he talked about the serious accident.（谈到那场严重的事故时，他表情严肃。）2. The teacher looked at the students with a solemn face.（老师表情严肃地看着学生们。） 65 solemn promise 庄严的承诺 1. We made a solemn promise to protect our motherland.（我们庄严承诺要保卫祖国。）2. He kept his solemn promise to help the poor.（他遵守了帮助穷人的庄严承诺。） 66 solemn ceremony 庄重的仪式 1. The opening ceremony of the Olympic Games is a solemn ceremony.（奥运会开幕式是一场庄重的仪式。）2. We attended a solemn ceremony to honor the fallen soldiers.（我们参加了一场缅怀阵亡士兵的庄重仪式。） 67 weary sb out 使某人筋疲力尽 1. The long journey weary us out completely.（漫长的旅程让我们筋疲力尽。）2. Working for 12 hours a day wearied him out.（每天工作12小时让他筋疲力尽。） 68 be weary of 厌倦…… 1. She is weary of doing the same work every day.（她厌倦了每天做同样的工作。）2. He is weary of watching TV—he wants to do something new.（他厌倦了看电视，想做点新鲜事。） 69 feel weary 感到疲倦 1. I feel weary after studying for 5 hours.（学习了5小时后，我感到疲倦。）2. She felt weary and decided to take a rest.（她感到疲倦，决定休息一下。） 70 condemn sb to death 判处某人死刑 1. The criminal was condemned to death for committing murder.（该罪犯因犯谋杀罪被判处死刑。）2. In some countries, people who commit serious crimes are condemned to death.（在一些国家，犯重罪的人会被判处死刑。） 71 condemn sb to poverty 使某人陷入贫困 1. Lack of education may condemn people to poverty.（缺乏教育可能使人们陷入贫困。）2. The economic crisis condemned many families to poverty.（经济危机使许多家庭陷入贫困。） 72 be condemned to 被迫处于…… 1. He was condemned to live alone after his family moved away.（家人搬走后，他被迫独自生活。）2. The old building was condemned to be pulled down.（这座旧建筑被迫拆除。） 73 outstanding student 优秀学生 1. She is an outstanding student who wins many academic prizes.（她是一位优秀学生，获得了许多学术奖项。）2. The school awarded him the title of "Outstanding Student" this year.（学校今年授予他“优秀学生”称号。） 74 outstanding work 出色的工作 1. He received praise from his boss for his outstanding work.（他因出色的工作得到了老板的表扬。）2. The artist’s outstanding work was displayed in the museum.（这位艺术家的出色作品在博物馆展出。） 75 outstanding problem 未解决的问题 1. We need to solve this outstanding problem before the project ends.（我们需要在项目结束前解决这个未解决的问题。）2. There are still some outstanding problems in the field of environmental protection.（环境保护领域仍有一些未解决的问题。） 76 school uniform 校服 1. All students in this school must wear school uniform from Monday to Friday.（这所学校的所有学生周一到周五都必须穿校服。）2. The new school uniform is blue and white.（新校服是蓝白相间的。） 77 military uniform 军装 1. He looks very handsome in his military uniform.（他穿军装看起来很帅气。）2. Soldiers must keep their military uniform clean and tidy.（士兵必须保持军装干净整洁。） 78 wear a uniform 穿制服 1. Police officers and firefighters have to wear a uniform at work.（警察和消防员工作时必须穿制服。）2. She doesn’t like to wear a uniform because she thinks it’s not fashionable.（她不喜欢穿制服，因为觉得不时尚。） 79 bomb a city 轰炸一座城市 1. The enemy tried to bomb the important industrial city during the war.（战争期间，敌人试图轰炸这座重要的工业城市。）2. Many historical buildings were destroyed when the city was bombed.（这座城市被轰炸时，许多历史建筑被毁。） 80 be bombed 被轰炸 1. The small town was bombed several times during World War II.（这座小镇在二战期间被轰炸过多次。）2. The hospital was accidentally bombed, causing many casualties.（这家医院被误炸，造成多人伤亡。） 81 bomb attack 炸弹袭击 1. The police stopped a bomb attack in the city center.（警方阻止了一场在市中心的炸弹袭击。）2. Several people were injured in the bomb attack.（有几人在炸弹袭击中受伤。） 82 peacekeeping mission 维和任务 1. Many Chinese soldiers are carrying out a peacekeeping mission in Africa.（许多中国士兵正在非洲执行维和任务。）2. The peacekeeping mission aims to maintain order in the conflict zone.（维和任务旨在维持冲突地区的秩序。） 83 peacekeeping forces 维和部队 1. The UN sent peacekeeping forces to the war-torn country.（联合国向这个饱受战争蹂躏的国家派遣了维和部队。）2. Peacekeeping forces helped distribute food to local people.（维和部队帮助向当地民众分发食物。） 84 international peacekeeping 国际维和 1. International peacekeeping plays an important role in resolving global conflicts.（国际维和在解决全球冲突中发挥重要作用。）2. Many countries actively participate in international peacekeeping activities.（许多国家积极参与国际维和活动。） 85 UN peacekeeper 联合国维和人员 1. The UN peacekeeper risked his life to rescue a child from the fire.（联合国维和人员冒着生命危险从火中救出了一个孩子。）2. UN peacekeepers must follow strict rules during their mission.（联合国维和人员在执行任务期间必须遵守严格的规定。） 86 deploy peacekeepers 部署维和人员 1. The UN decided to deploy more peacekeepers to the conflict area.（联合国决定向冲突地区部署更多维和人员。）2. The country agreed to deploy peacekeepers to help with the relief work.（该国同意部署维和人员协助救援工作。） 87 peacekeeper troops 维和人员部队 1. Peacekeeper troops arrived in the country last month.（维和人员部队上个月抵达了这个国家。）2. Peacekeeper troops set up a temporary camp to live in.（维和人员部队搭建了临时营地居住。） 88 friction between two countries 两国间的摩擦 1. We should try to reduce friction between two countries through dialogue.（我们应通过对话努力减少两国间的摩擦。）2. Trade differences caused friction between the two countries.（贸易分歧导致了两国间的摩擦。） 89 reduce friction 减少冲突 1. Good communication can help reduce friction between friends.（良好的沟通有助于减少朋友间的冲突。）2. The two sides held a meeting to discuss how to reduce friction.（双方举行会议，讨论如何减少冲突。） 90 social friction 社会摩擦 1. Economic inequality may lead to social friction.（经济不平等可能导致社会摩擦。）2. The government took measures to ease social friction.（政府采取措施缓解社会摩擦。） 91 disarm the enemy 解除敌人武装 1. The soldiers managed to disarm the enemy without fighting.（士兵们没有战斗就成功解除了敌人的武装。）2. It’s not easy to disarm a well-armed enemy.（解除装备精良的敌人的武装并不容易。） 92 disarm nuclear weapons 解除核武器 1. Many countries call for all nations to disarm nuclear weapons.（许多国家呼吁所有国家解除核武器。）2. The two countries signed an agreement to disarm some of their nuclear weapons.（两国签署协议，解除部分核武器。） 93 agree to disarm 同意解除武装 1. The rebel group finally agreed to disarm after negotiations.（经过谈判，反叛组织最终同意解除武装。）2. The two sides agreed to disarm to avoid more bloodshed.（双方同意解除武装，避免更多流血冲突。） 94 armed combatant 武装战斗人员 1. The army captured many armed combatants during the operation.（军队在行动中抓获了许多武装战斗人员。）2. Armed combatants must follow the rules of war.（武装战斗人员必须遵守战争规则。） 95 enemy combatant 敌方战斗人员 1. The army interrogated the captured enemy combatant for information.（军队审问被俘的敌方战斗人员以获取情报。）2. Enemy combatants were detained in a temporary camp.（敌方战斗人员被关押在临时营地。） 96 non-combatant 非战斗人员 1. We must protect non-combatants during the war.（战争期间，我们必须保护非战斗人员。）2. Most of the people in the city are non-combatants.（这座城市的大多数人都是非战斗人员。） 97 nuclear weapon 核武器 1. The use of nuclear weapons will cause huge damage to humanity.（使用核武器将给人类造成巨大伤害。）2. No country should threaten others with nuclear weapons.（任何国家都不应以核武器威胁他人。） 98 conventional weapon 常规武器 1. Most countries use conventional weapons in their armies.（大多数国家的军队使用常规武器。）2. The cost of conventional weapons is lower than nuclear weapons.（常规武器的成本低于核武器。） 99 use a weapon 使用武器 1. It’s illegal to use a weapon in public places.（在公共场所使用武器是违法的。）2. The police had to use a weapon to stop the violent criminal.（警方不得不使用武器阻止这名暴力罪犯。） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $