精品解析：上海交通大学附属中学2025-2026学年高一上学期摸底考试英语试题

2025-2026学年度第一学期 高一英语摸底考试卷 (满分150分，时间130分钟，答案一律写在答题纸上) I. Listening Comprehension (25') Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. This afternoon. B. This morning. C. Tomorrow. D. Next week. 2. A. A waiter. B. A shop assistant. C. A cashier. D. A postman. 3. A. 11. B. 3. C. 7. D. 8. 4. A. At a cinema. B. At an airport. C. At a hotel. D. At a railway station. 5. A. They had better not go out. B. To get some yogurt is a good idea. C. It's too cold to walk in the snow. D. He prefers milk to yogurt. 6. A. She asks the man to open the window. B. It is cold inside. C. She doesn't want to open the window. D. She prefers the fresh air. 7. A. Mom doesn't like wine. B. They've already got plenty of wine. C. They are going to buy what they need. D. They've got enough food for the party. 8. A. The boy doesn't have to clean the screen of his computer. B. There's not enough time for the boy to clean both. C. The desk is such a mess and needs cleaning. D. The boy's mother will do the cleaning for him. 9. A. Touched. B. Amused. C. Annoyed. D. Bored. 10. A. They can't speak English. B. The microphone doesn't work well. C. They are not familiar with his topic. D. The speaker is speaking too fast. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked to questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. In the 1890s. B. In the 1860s. C. In the 1890s. D. In the 1860s. 12. A. To be paid more than their male colleagues. B. To be given the same chance to succeed. C. To win respect from their male colleagues. D To get promoted more quickly than their male colleagues. 13. A. Women's ability to do important jobs. B. How to have more freedom. C. Concrete issues as well as attitudes and beliefs. D. How to contribute to the communities. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. To recall his own childhood. B. To help his children become more mature. C. To spoil them on purpose. D. To make up for his pity that he didn't have it in his childhood. 15. A. They take possessions and support from their peers for granted. B. They are responsible for building the life that their parents desire. C. They are willing to support their peers if necessary. D. They become more mature and responsible. 16. A. To love and provide for children. B. To help children become kind and responsible. C. To help children get what they need. D. To help children meet their goals. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. He is confirming his flight reservation. B. He is booking a hotel for next week. C. He is making a reservation for a flight. D. He is changing his flight schedule. 18. A. To cut losses. B. To save money. C. To have a window seat. D. To have the ticket mailed. 19. A. On May 19th. B. On May 15th. C. On May 20th. D. On May 21st. 20. A. He saved about fifty dollars on the ticket. B. He will pick up the ticket by himself. C. He can get the ticket at three o'clock. D. His seat is by the window. Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary (30'+20'+1.5') Section A Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. 1. Our teachers promised to attend our class meeting, but they haven’t ________ yet. A. turned out B. turned up C. turned in D. turned down 2. The paper parcel ________ a clean shirt, socks and a handkerchief. A. composed B. contained C. included D. consisted 3. The union and management are having such a difficult time ______ on a contract for the coming year that the workers may go on strike. A. agreeing B. as to agree C. for agreeing D. to agree 4. The policeman was following the man ________he thought was the escaped prisoner. A. because B. when C. whom D. who 5. Members of the Student Union should play a ________ role in keeping the community well-informed of what is going on and off campus. A. demanding B. leading C. challenging D. rewarding 6. After several months of professional training, they were made used ________ the machine. A. to operating on B. to operate C. to operating D. to operate on 7. This is the third time that I ________ Hong Kong. The second time I ________ here was at Easter last year. A. have visited; came B. have visited; have come C. visited; came D. visited; had come 8. Since 1995, ________ people call the Year of the Internet, the world has turned flat thanks to the network. A. when B. which C. in which D. what 9. The knowledge and skills university provides us ________ are not so worth mentioning when compared to what society supplies ________ us. A. with; to B. for; for C. for; to D. with; with 10. Proper postures and hand movements play a big part in avoiding misunderstanding in language communication. Please ________ eye contact with those you are talking to. A. maintain B. control C. manage D. run 11. A row of buildings is being ________ to make way for new apartments. A. pulled up B. pulled down C. pulled over D. turned over 12. I know Jonathan quite well and never doubt ________ he can do a good job of it. A. whether B. when C. that D. how 13. —I didn’t take notes at yesterday’s meeting because I had left my pen at home. —You ________ mine and I ________ it. A. must have borrowed; wasn’t using B. might have borrowed; didn’t use C. could have borrowed; wasn’t using D. should have borrowed; hadn’t used 14. ________ people around him ________ to find a satisfactory job, he felt hopeless and decided to quit from the job market. A. Seeing, to fail B. Seen, failing C. To see, failed D. Seeing, fail 15. In an experiment, pet owners are being encouraged to take their pets to work, a move ________ can be good for both the people and the pets. A. that some scientists say B. in which some scientists say C. some scientists say that D. some scientists say 16. Understanding the cultural habits of another nation, especially ____________ containing as many different subcultures as the United States, is very difficult. A. one B. that C. some D. the one 17. She packed an extra jacket ________ she might get cold on the hike. A. as if B. even though C. in case D. since 18. Born and ________ in a poor family, he has always ________ confidence and is afraid of doing anything wrong to let his parents ________. A. risen... lacked of... down B. rose... been lacking in... out C. bred... lacked... down D. raised... lacked... out 19. Last night, I was packing my bag and texting a message to my boss ________ I heard a cry for help from outside the office. A. when B. as C. before D. while 20. To what extent will future scientific discoveries ________ the prolonging of the human life? A. be made possible B. make it possible C. make possible D. be made it possible 21. The new smartphone costs ________ the basic model, but it comes with a better camera and longer battery life. A. as three times as much B. as much three times as C. three times as the amount D. three times as much as 22. Some psychologists suggest that when ________ with a difficult task, one could improve his performance when mentally imagining himself ________ well. A. facing; performing B. faced; performing C. faced; to perform D. facing; having performed 23. —Did Jack come back early last night? It really ________ me. —Yes, it was not yet eight o’clock ________ he arrived home. A. was concerned about; when B. concerned; when C. concerned; that D. was concerned about; that 24. If the country ________ the opportunity, it will need continuing support from the outside world—preferably on a greater scale than it ________ so far. A. is to seize... has received B. is about to seize... received C. seizes... has received D. is seizing... received 25. Nancy said cheerfully, “Anne's not really so hopeless. We had a ________ conversation all the way from Wagon Mound. I told her all about my painting.” A. vague B. terrific C. visual D. virtual 26. According to the art dealer, the painting ________ to go for at least a million dollars. A. is expected B. expects C. expected D. is expecting 27. He ________ more than 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15. A. has learned B. would have learned C. learned D. had learned 28. At 9:00 a.m. tomorrow, our class ________ a chemistry experiment in the lab, so don’t forget to wear safety goggles. A. will do B. will be doing C. are doing D. have done 29. It ________ long before the school art festival opens, and drama clubs are rehearsing nonstop to perfect their performances. A. isn’t B. hasn’t been C. wasn’t D. won’t be 30. When I ________, the movie started. A. seated B. was being seated C. was seated D. had seated Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. (A) Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. comfortable B. examining C. taking D. enthusiasm E. identified F. shaped G. means H. digital I. screen J. accesses K. typical Every morning, 21-year-old A. J. Hunter downloads his schedule onto his always-at-hand Macintosh laptop. Hunter is a ____31____ technical college student. He downloads music to his iPod and ____32____ social networking sites from his cell phone. He uses e-mail and instant messaging anywhere on the wireless campus. Hunter is a (n) “____33____ native” — a term that has been used to describe the first generation who grew up in a world filled with computers, cell phones and cable TV. These young people think, act and react much differently from how their parents and grandparents did, often because their childhoods were in large part ____34____ by technology, say researchers. “This is so core to their social experience—to their identities—to what it ____35____ to be a young person and a student in the new century,” says educational technology expert Richard Katz. But just because young people are ____36____ with technology, that doesn’t mean it’s always beneficial. Some experts worry that technology is ____37____ over the lives of today’s youth. When his desktop computer crashed during the first week of classes, “I thought I was going to go mad,” says senior Nick Caine. “I was running to the library every two seconds. I didn't even go home because I knew I wouldn't have a computer.” There are other negative sides of too much ____38____ time. A recent study found that nearly 20 percent of students admit that time spent on the Internet and playing computer games resulted in low grades or dropping a class. Technology author Michael Bugeja questions the recent extreme ____39____ toward technology: “Not only are the students addicted—the institutions of learning are addicted” he says. “No one is _____40_____ its impact, and we continue to proceed under the assumption that more access to technology will enhance learning outcomes.” (B) Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. diagnosed B. integrating C. toughness D. fulfilling E. value F. fuels G. blow H. trait I. eased J. overwhelming K. supervisors Finding Strength in Sensitivity When my medical school mentor, refusing to write a recommendation for my Ph. D. application, declared my sensitivity a flaw (缺陷), her words, stabbing at my heart, raised doubts about my future. That rejection, a heavy ____41____ then and remaining in my thoughts now, sparks a realization. Sensitivity, often deemed a weakness, emerges as my strength, shaping daily challenges. After six exhausting years in medical school, during which my mental health steadily worsened, I set out on a Ph. D. abroad. This journey proved ____42____. Anxiety took hold of me, as tasks others handled easily became terrifying. The stress, escalating until I reached a breaking point, forced me to switch labs and, in my second Ph. D. year, turn to a psychiatrist (精神科医生), who ____43____ me with smelling disorder. This condition, ____44____ sensitivity with my daily life, made science a source of doubt. Efforts to avoid errors, often causing missed deadlines, were misjudged as laziness. Others urged ____45____. I hid my struggles, pretending to be fine. Treatment brought some balance. In October 2023, conflict in Israel led me to Serbia. Feeling unsafe as a special person, I soon left for Denmark to restart my Ph. D. Denmark offered freedom. New strategies, like photographing, ____46____ my stress. Feedback no longer felt like attacks. Medication and open communication with ____47____ helped. These steps made my path sustainable. Though my mentor’s words trigger occasional doubt, sensitivity, now seen as power, ____48____ my kindness as a future doctor. This ____49____, driving my research to aid patients, highlights the need for doctors to blend science with care, a belief shaped by my chronic condition. My struggles, teaching me to respect limits and _____50_____ emotions, have strengthened me. This journey, though tough, proves that sensitivity, far from a flaw, enhances my passion for healing. III. Reading Comprehension (15'+30') Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The responsibilities of job, home and family all too often transform the daily routine into a huge burden. Enjoying quality leisure time becomes ____51____. True leisure means engaging in a ____52____ and rewarding activity without being ____53____ by other aspects of your life. Sometimes, the ____54____ you experience during the week makes you place great emphasis on weekends and other days off. You hope to relax, but the pressure is ____55____. You can't rest even when you have the time to do so. When time is limited, leisure activities are usually the first items to ____56____ from the daily schedule. If you routinely ____57____ your leisure time because you have “more important things to do.” you may be underestimating how much time the things ____58____ take. Most people routinely shortchange themselves on the amount of time required to complete a given task. The problem is a ____59____ to evaluate performance honestly. _____60_____, simplifying your life will let you have more windows of opportunity to do stuff just for fun. Maybe you need to relearn to relax. Spare Time for Your _____61_____: Devote one afternoon or evening per week _____62_____ to doing something that you enjoy, listening to music, assembling a jigsaw puzzle. Do whatever you always wish to but never seem to find time for. And do it where there's nothing to remind you of other _____63_____. Choose Low-Tech: The popular fascination with technological advances in all areas of life has diverted (偏离) attention from the simple pleasures of many _____64_____ pastimes. People think they must have the best, most up-to-date equipment available to enjoy themselves. When keeping up with trends becomes the _____65_____, the pure pleasure of leisure is lost. 51. A. essential B. difficult C. noticeable D. incapable 52. A. reluctant B. disgusting C. delicate D. pleasurable 53. A. preoccupied B. ashamed C. cultivated D. oppressed 54. A. favour B. risk C. thirst D. stress 55. A. enormous B. reasonable C. ignorant D. adjusted 56. A. destroy B. consider C. disappear D. recognize 57. A. estimate B. abandon C. fulfill D. expand 58. A. constantly B. initially C. actually D. equally 59. A. variety B. delay C. record D. failure 60. A. However B. Consequently C. Moreover D. Therefore 61. A. Instincts B. Desires C. images D. Tasks 62. A. occasionally B. dramatically C. primarily D. entirely 63. A. expectations B. obligations C. simulations D. limitations 64. A. individual B. uncommon C. traditional D. physical 65. A. threat B. obstacle C. source D. focus Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) There was no possibility of taking a walk that day. We had been wandering, indeed, in the leafless shrubbery an hour in the morning; but since dinner (Mrs. Reed, when there was no company, dined early) the cold winter wind had brought with it clouds so dark, and rain so likely to pour, that further outdoor exercise was now out of the question. I was glad of it. I never liked long walks, especially on cold afternoons. Awful to me was the coming home in the raw twilight, with nipped (冻伤的) fingers and toes, and a heart saddened by the scoldings of Bessie, the nurse, and humbled (贬低) by the consciousness of my physical inferiority to Eliza, John, and Georgiana Reed. Eliza, John, and Georgiana were now surrounding their mama in the drawing room; she lay on a sofa by the fireside, and with her darlings around her (for the time neither quarrelling nor crying) looked perfectly happy. She had stopped me from joining the group. She said that she regretted to be under the necessity of keeping me at a distance, but that until she heard from Bessie, and could discover by her own observation that I was trying to acquire a more sociable and childlike nature and a more attractive and lovely manner, and that she really must exclude me from privileges intended only for good children. “What did Bessie say about me?” I asked. “Jane, I don’t like questioners; besides, there is something truly forbidding in a child taking up her elders in that manner. Be seated somewhere; remain silent until you can speak pleasantly.” The study room adjoined the drawing room and I slipped there. It contained a bookcase. I soon possessed myself of a volume stored with pictures. With the book on my knee, I was then happy; happy at least in my way. I feared nothing but interruption, and that came too soon. 66. The underlined phrase “out of the question” in the first paragraph probably means ________. A. impossible B. possible C. likely D. no problem 67. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. the drawing room contained a bookcase. B. Jane liked reading very much. C. Jane drew the curtain to keep warm. D. Bessie was Jane’s good friend. 68. We can infer from the passage that ________. A. Jane enjoyed some privileges in the family B. Jane couldn’t enjoy equal rights with her cousins C. Mrs. Reed was very strict with Jane for her sake D. Jane was too troublesome 69. The main idea of this part of the story is ________. A. Jane was on good terms with her cousins B. Jane spent a happy childhood C. Jane was badly treated in such a family D. Jane loved Mrs. Reed and her cousins (B) Animals on the Move Moving to Survive Like the shark, most animals use movement to find food. They also use locomotion to escape enemies, find a mate, and explore new territories. Humans have the added advantage of using their various inventions to move about in just about any kind of environment. However, for other animals movement came about naturally through millions of years of evolution. One of the most successful examples of animal locomotion is that of the shark. Its ability to quickly zero in on its prey has always impressed scientists. Skin Is the Key The biologists discovered that the skin of the shark is the key to the animal’s high efficiency in swimming through the water. The skin contains many fiber (纤维). These fibers can either store or release large amounts of energy depending on whether the fibers are relaxed or pulled tight. As energy is alternately stored and released on both sides of the animal’s body, the tail whips strongly back and forth. This whip-like action propels (推进) the animal through the water like a living bullet. Source of Energy When the shark swims slowly, the pressure on the fibers is relatively low. The fibers are more relaxed, and the shark is able to bend its body at sharp angles. The animal swims this way when looking around for food or just swimming. However, when the shark detects an important food source, some fantastic involuntary changes take place. The pressure inside the animal may increase by 10 times. This pressure change greatly stretches the fibers, enabling much energy to be stored. This energy is then transferred to the tail, and the shark is off. The rest of the story is predictable. Other Animals Less Efficient Not all animals move as efficiently as sharks Perhaps the greatest loser in locomotion efficiency is the slug (鼻涕虫). It uses so much energy producing the mucus (粘液) and crawling over it that a mouse traveling the same distance uses only one twelfth as much energy. Scientists say that because of the slug’s inefficient use of energy, its lifestyle must be restricted. That is, the animals are forced to confine themselves to small areas for obtaining food and finding proper living conditions. Have humans ever been faced with this kind of problem? 70 What is the main factor for shark’s rapid water movement? A. The skin. B. The tail. C. The muscle. D. The jaw. 71. According to the passage, when will the pressure inside the animal increase dramatically? A. When moving its tail rapidly. B. When finding its prey. C. When staying without any movement. D. When bending its body in swimming. 72. What can be learned about slugs according to the passage? A. They move as efficiently as sharks. B. They can travel as far as mice. C. They only live in restricted areas. D. They use only little energy. (C) It is often claimed that nuclear energy is something we cannot do without. We live in a consumer society where there is an enormous demand for commercial products of all kinds. Moreover, an increase in industrial production is considered to be one solution to the problem of mass unemployment. Such an increase presumes an abundant and cheap energy supply. Many people believe that nuclear energy provides an inexhaustible and economical source of power and that it is therefore essential for an industrially developing society. There are a number of other advantages in the use of nuclear energy. Firstly, nuclear power, except for accidents, is clean. A further advantage is that a nuclear power station can be run and maintained by relatively few technical and administrative staff. The nuclear reactor represents an enormous step in our scientific evolution and, whatever the anti-nuclear group says, it is wrong to expect a return to more primitive sources of fuel. However, opponents of nuclear energy point out that nuclear power stations bring a direct threat not only to the environment but also to civil liberties. Furthermore, it is questionable whether ultimately nuclear power is a cheap source of energy. There have, for example, been very costly accidents in America, in Britain and, of course, in Russia. The possibility of increases in the cost of uranium (铀) in addition to the cost of greater safety provisions could price nuclear power out of the market. In the long run, environmentalists argue, nuclear energy wastes valuable resources and disturbs the ecology to an extent which could bring about the destruction of the human race. Thus, if we wish to survive, we can not afford nuclear energy. In spite of the case against nuclear energy outlined above, nuclear energy programmes are expanding. Such an expansion assumes a continual growth in industrial production and consumer demands. However, it is doubtful whether this growth will or can continue. Having weighed up the arguments on both sides, it seems there are good economic and ecological reasons for sources of energy other than nuclear power. 73. Some people claim that nuclear energy is essential because ________. A. it provides a perfect solution to mass unemployment B. it represents an enormous step forward in our scientific evolution C. it can meet the growing demand of an industrially developing society D. nuclear power stations can be run and maintained by relatively few technical and administrative staff 74. Which of the following statements does the writer support? A. The demand for commercial products will not necessarily keep increasing. B. Nuclear energy is something we cannot do without. C. Uranium is a good source of energy for economic and ecological reasons. D. Greater safety provisions can bring about the expansion of nuclear energy programmes. 75. What is one of the main concerns raised by opponents of nuclear energy regarding its long-term impact? A. It will lead to a decrease in industrial production. B. It may cause a return to more primitive fuel sources. C. It could waste resources and harm the ecology to the point of human extinction. D. It will result in a significant reduction in consumer demands. 76. The writer's attitude toward nuclear energy is ________. A. indifferent B. favorable C. tolerant D. negative (D) “Does my smile look big in this?” Future fitting-room mirrors in clothing stores could subtly adjust your reflection to make you look — and hence feel — happier, encouraging you to like what you see. That’s the idea behind the Emotion Evoking System developed by Shigeo Yoshida and colleagues at the University of Tokyo in Japan. The system can manipulate your emotions and personal preferences by presenting you with an image of your own smiling or frowning face. The principle that physiological changes can drive emotional ones — that laughter comes before happiness, rather than the other way around — is a well-established idea. The researchers wanted to see if this idea could be used to build a computer system that manipulates how you feel. The system works by presenting the user with a webcam (网络摄像头) image of his or her face — as if they were looking in a mirror. The image is then subtly altered with software, turning the corners of the mouth up or down and changing the area around the eyes, so that the person appears to smile or frown. Without telling them the aim of the study, the team recruited 21 volunteers and asked them to sit in front of the screen while performing an unrelated task. When the task was complete the participants rated how they felt. When the faces on screen appeared to smile, people reported that they felt happier. Conversely, when the image was given a sad expression, they reported feeling less happy. Yoshida and his colleagues tested whether manipulating the volunteers’ emotional state would influence their preferences. Each person was given a scarf to wear and again presented with the altered webcam image. The volunteers that saw themselves smiling while wearing the scarf were more likely to report that they liked it, and those that saw themselves not smiling were less likely. The system could be used to manipulate consumers’ impressions of products, say the researchers. For example, mirrors in clothing-store fitting rooms could be replaced with screens showing altered reflections. They also suggest people may be more likely to find clothes attractive if they see themselves looking happy while trying them on. “It’s certainly an interesting area,” says Chris Creed at the University of Birmingham, UK. But he notes that using such technology in a shop would be harder than in the lab, because people will use a wide range of expressions. “Attempting to make slight differences to these and ensuring that the reflected image looks believable would be much more challenging,” he says. Of course, there are also important ethical questions surrounding such subtly manipulative technology. “You could argue that if it makes people happy, what harm is it doing?” says Creed. “But I can imagine that many people may feel manipulated, uncomfortable and cheated if they found out.” 77. What’s the main purpose of the Emotion Evoking System? A. To see whether one’s feeling can be unconsciously affected. B To see whether one’s facial expressions can be altered. C. To see whether laughter comes before happiness. D. To replace the mirrors in future clothing-store fitting rooms. 78. What can we learn about the webcam image in the study? A. It altered the volunteers’ looks in the mirror. B. It gave the volunteers a mistaken impression. C. It attempted to make the volunteers feel happier. D. It recorded the volunteers’ performance in the task. 79. What would probably happen if the researchers’ suggestions were to be taken? A. People would feel cheated and angry. B. People would try on more clothes they like. C. People would buy some clothes they don’t like. D. People would totally change their personal preferences. 80. What does Creed’s comment on the ethical issues with this technology imply? A. Nothing is more important than happiness. B. People should make their decisions independently. C. Technology is unable to manipulate people. D. People should not base their happiness on technology. IV. Blank Filling (5') Directions: Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper form. 81. Many ancient Chinese legends ________ from the oral traditions of different ethnic groups, passed down through generations by storytelling. (origin) (所给词的适当形式填空) 82. The school library is undergoing reconstruction these days, which brings a lot of ________ to us students. (convenient) (所给词的适当形式填空) 83. The public’s disapproval of the celebrity’s ________ remarks was reflected in the sharp decline of her social media followers. (offend) (所给词的适当形式填空) 84. The majority of the books in the library are fiction novels, attracting many reading ________. (enthusiasm) （所给词的适当形式填空） 85. ________ schools often lack sufficient resources, including qualified teachers and modern teaching equipment, which seriously affects the quality of education for students in these areas. (advantage) （所给词的适当形式填空） V. Translation (3'+3'+3'+3'+3') Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 86. 应该鼓励学生按照自己的兴趣报名选修课。 (sign) （汉译英） __________________________________________________ 87. 学点经济学常识，这样你就不会对这一社会现象感到云里雾里了。(and) (汉译英) 88. 在繁忙的学校生活中，确保你定期锻炼并且饮食均衡，以保持健康状态。（sure）（汉译英） __________________________________________________ 89. 自从学期伊始老师给我们布置了这篇研究论文，我就一直在图书馆收集相关资料。（assign）（汉译英） __________________________________________________ 90. 虽然这是我第四次组织学校活动了，但这一突发状况还是增加了顺利组织活动的难度。 (add) （汉译英） __________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年度第一学期 高一英语摸底考试卷 (满分150分，时间130分钟，答案一律写在答题纸上) I. Listening Comprehension (25') Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. This afternoon. B. This morning. C. Tomorrow. D. Next week. 2. A. A waiter. B. A shop assistant. C. A cashier. D. A postman. 3. A. 11. B. 3. C. 7. D. 8. 4. A. At a cinema. B. At an airport. C. At a hotel. D. At a railway station. 5. A. They had better not go out. B. To get some yogurt is a good idea. C. It's too cold to walk in the snow. D. He prefers milk to yogurt. 6. A. She asks the man to open the window. B. It is cold inside. C. She doesn't want to open the window. D. She prefers the fresh air. 7. A. Mom doesn't like wine. B. They've already got plenty of wine. C. They are going to buy what they need. D. They've got enough food for the party. 8. A. The boy doesn't have to clean the screen of his computer. B. There's not enough time for the boy to clean both. C. The desk is such a mess and needs cleaning. D. The boy's mother will do the cleaning for him. 9. A. Touched. B. Amused. C. Annoyed. D. Bored. 10. A. They can't speak English. B. The microphone doesn't work well. C. They are not familiar with his topic. D. The speaker is speaking too fast. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked to questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. In the 1890s. B. In the 1860s. C. In the 1890s. D. In the 1860s. 12. A. To be paid more than their male colleagues. B. To be given the same chance to succeed. C. To win respect from their male colleagues. D. To get promoted more quickly than their male colleagues. 13. A. Women's ability to do important jobs. B. How to have more freedom. C. Concrete issues as well as attitudes and beliefs. D. How to contribute to the communities. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. To recall his own childhood. B. To help his children become more mature. C. To spoil them on purpose. D. To make up for his pity that he didn't have it in his childhood. 15. A. They take possessions and support from their peers for granted. B. They are responsible for building the life that their parents desire. C. They are willing to support their peers if necessary. D. They become more mature and responsible. 16. A. To love and provide for children. B. To help children become kind and responsible. C. To help children get what they need. D. To help children meet their goals. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. He is confirming his flight reservation. B. He is booking a hotel for next week. C. He is making a reservation for a flight. D. He is changing his flight schedule. 18. A. To cut losses. B. To save money. C To have a window seat. D. To have the ticket mailed. 19. A. On May 19th. B. On May 15th. C. On May 20th. D. On May 21st. 20. A. He saved about fifty dollars on the ticket. B. He will pick up the ticket by himself. C. He can get the ticket at three o'clock. D. His seat is by the window. Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary (30'+20'+1.5') Section A Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. 1. Our teachers promised to attend our class meeting, but they haven’t ________ yet. A. turned out B. turned up C. turned in D. turned down 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们的老师承诺会来参加我们的班会，但他们还没有出现。A. turned out结果是，证明是；B. turned up出现，露面；C. turned in上交，提交；D. turned down拒绝，调低。前半句明确老师“承诺参加班会”，后半句用“but”表转折，核心语义是“老师尚未践行参会的承诺，即还没到场”。B项“turned up”意为“出现、露面”，恰好契合“承诺参会却未到场”的语境逻辑，能准确表达句子所需含义。故选B项。 2. The paper parcel ________ a clean shirt, socks and a handkerchief. A. composed B. contained C. included D. consisted 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：纸包里装着一件干净的衬衫、袜子和一块手帕。A. composed组成，构成；B. contained包含；C. included包括；D. consisted由……组成。由a clean shirt, socks and a handkerchief可知，句子表示“纸包里装着一件干净的衬衫、袜子和一块手帕”，空格处意为“包含”，故选B。 3. The union and management are having such a difficult time ______ on a contract for the coming year that the workers may go on strike. A. agreeing B. as to agree C. for agreeing D. to agree 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动名词。句意：工会和资方很难就明年的合同达成一致，工人们可能会罢工。这固定搭配have a difficult time (in) doing sth.，意思是“做……有困难”，动名词作宾语。故选A项。 4. The policeman was following the man ________he thought was the escaped prisoner. A. because B. when C. whom D. who 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：警察正在跟踪他认为是逃犯的那个人。分析可知， ________he thought was the escaped prisoner为定语从句，句中he thought为插入语，先行词为the man，在从句中为主语，所以要用关系代词who，故选D。 5. Members of the Student Union should play a ________ role in keeping the community well-informed of what is going on and off campus. A. demanding B. leading C. challenging D. rewarding 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学生会成员应当发挥主导作用，确保社区成员能够及时了解校内外的最新动态。A. demanding要求高的；B. leading主要的，首位的；C. challenging挑战性的；D. rewarding值得的。根据后文“in keeping the community well-informed of what is going on and off campus”可知是发挥主导作用，确保社区成员能够及时了解校内外的最新动态。故选B。 6. After several months of professional training, they were made used ________ the machine. A. to operating on B. to operate C. to operating D. to operate on 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查介词和动名词。句意：经过几个月的专业训练，他们已经习惯操作这台机器了。be used to“习惯于……”to是介词，其后接operate的动名词形式作宾语，且operate“操作”是及物动词，后面直接跟宾语。综上，故选C。 7. This is the third time that I ________ Hong Kong. The second time I ________ here was at Easter last year. A. have visited; came B. have visited; have come C. visited; came D. visited; had come 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这是我第三次访问香港。我第二次来这里是在去年的复活节。在“This is the+序数词+time that...”的结构中，that从句通常使用现在完成时，第一个空应填have visited；第二个空为从句谓语，根据时间状语从句last year可知，应用一般过去时，第二空应填came。故选A。 8. Since 1995, ________ people call the Year of the Internet, the world has turned flat thanks to the network. A. when B. which C. in which D. what 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：自1995年——人们称之为互联网元年——以来，由于网络的存在，世界变得扁平化了。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，该句中先行词为“1995”，在从句中作“call”的宾语，所以此处应用关系代词which引导。故选B项。 9. The knowledge and skills university provides us ________ are not so worth mentioning when compared to what society supplies ________ us. A. with; to B. for; for C. for; to D. with; with 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：与社会为我们提供的东西相比，大学所传授的知识和技能就显得不那么重要了。provide someone with something“向某人提供某物”和supply something to someone“向某人提供某物”是固定搭配。故选A项。 10. Proper postures and hand movements play a big part in avoiding misunderstanding in language communication. Please ________ eye contact with those you are talking to. A. maintain B. control C. manage D. run 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：正确的姿势和手势在避免语言交流中的误解方面起着重要作用。请与和你交谈的人保持眼神交流。A. maintain保持；B. control控制；C. manage管理，设法做到；D. run奔跑，经营。结合“eye contact with those you are talking to”可知，此处指与交谈的人“保持”眼神交流，应用maintain。故选A。 11. A row of buildings is being ________ to make way for new apartments. A. pulled up B. pulled down C. pulled over D. turned over 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：一排建筑物正在被拆除，以便为新公寓腾出空间。A. pulled up（车辆）停下，拔起（植物等）；B. pulled down拆除（建筑物等），摧毁；C. pulled over（车辆）靠边停车；D. turned over翻转，移交；仔细考虑。根据“a row of buildings”以及“to make way for new apartments”可知，此处表示“移除原有建筑物”的含义，B项“pulled down”（拆除建筑物）符合“拆除旧建筑以腾出空间”的语义逻辑。故选B项。 12. I know Jonathan quite well and never doubt ________ he can do a good job of it. A. whether B. when C. that D. how 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我很了解乔纳森，并且从不怀疑他能把这件事做好。A. whether是否；B. when当……时；C. that(无意义)；D. how如何。根据前文never doubt可知，需用that引导肯定性宾语从句，以表达不怀疑的具体内容（即“他能做好”）。故选C。 13. —I didn’t take notes at yesterday’s meeting because I had left my pen at home. —You ________ mine and I ________ it. A. must have borrowed; wasn’t using B. might have borrowed; didn’t use C. could have borrowed; wasn’t using D. should have borrowed; hadn’t used 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查“情态动词+have done”的用法，时态和主谓一致。句意：——昨天开会我没做笔记，因为我把钢笔落在家里了。——你本来可以借我的呀，我当时又没用它。由“I had left my pen at home”可知，第二个人的意思是“你本来可以借我的呀，我当时又没用它”，第一空用could have borrowed表示“本可以借，事实上却没借”，第二空时态用过去进行时，表示过去的某一时刻正在做的事情，主语是I，因此第二空是wasn’t using。故选C。 14. ________ people around him ________ to find a satisfactory job, he felt hopeless and decided to quit from the job market. A. Seeing, to fail B. Seen, failing C. To see, failed D. Seeing, fail 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：看到周围的人都找不到满意的工作，他感到绝望，决定退出就业市场。第一空为非谓语动词作状语，与逻辑主语he是主动关系，应使用现在分词形式Seeing，排除B项（过去分词表被动）和C项（不定式表目的或将来）；第二空为“see sb. do sth.”是固定搭配，表示“看到某人做某事，强调动作的全过程或经常发生”，此处“周围的人找不到工作”是他看到的完整情况，应用动词原形fail，排除A项。故选D项。 15. In an experiment, pet owners are being encouraged to take their pets to work, a move ________ can be good for both the people and the pets. A. that some scientists say B. in which some scientists say C. some scientists say that D. some scientists say 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在一项实验中，宠物主人被鼓励带宠物去工作，一些科学家称这一举措对人和宠物都有好处。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，修饰先行词为“a move”，“some scientists say”为插入语，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词that引导定语从句，且that不可省略。故选A项。 16. Understanding the cultural habits of another nation, especially ____________ containing as many different subcultures as the United States, is very difficult. A. one B. that C. some D. the one 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查代词。句意：要了解令一个国家的文化习惯，尤其是像美国这样一个集成了多种文化的国家的文化，是很困难的。A. one一个东西或人；B. that那个；C. some一些、某个；D. the one特指那一个。分析句子结构，整个句子的主语是Understanding the cultural habits of another nation，这里one指代nation，这里是泛指任何一个像美国这样的国家，所以前面不用加定冠词，故选A。 17. She packed an extra jacket ________ she might get cold on the hike. A. as if B. even though C. in case D. since 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查连接词短语辨析。句意：她多带了一件夹克，以防徒步时会感到寒冷。A. as if好像，引导方式状语从句；B. even though尽管，引导让步状语从句；C. in case以防；万一，引导目的状语从句；D. since因为；自从，引导原因状语从句以及时间状语从句。根据空白处下文“she might get cold on the hike(徒步时会感到寒冷)”可知，她带额外夹克的目的是为了预防可能的寒冷情况，表示“以防”的含义，引导目的状语从句。故选C项。 18. Born and ________ in a poor family, he has always ________ confidence and is afraid of doing anything wrong to let his parents ________. A. risen... lacked of... down B. rose... been lacking in... out C. bred... lacked... down D. raised... lacked... out 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析、固定搭配及非谓语动词。句意：他在一个贫困的家庭出生并被抚养长大，一直缺乏自信，还害怕做错任何事让父母失望。第一空，分析句子结构，“Born”为过去分词作状语，此处与“Born”并列，也需用过去分词形式，且表示“被抚养”的含义：A项“risen”（rise的过去分词）意为“上升”，无“抚养”义；B项“rose”（rise的过去式）是谓语动词形式，不可作状语，且含义不符；D项“raised”（raise的过去分词）虽有“抚养”义，但后续搭配存在错误，暂不考虑；C项“bred”（breed的过去分词）可表示“养育、抚养”，符合“被动抚养”的语境及语法要求。第二空，考查“缺乏”的表达：A项“lacked of”搭配错误，“lack”作动词时直接接宾语，无需“of”；B项“been lacking in”虽语法正确，但结合语境“一直缺乏”，用一般过去时“lacked”更简洁贴合；C项“lacked”为动词过去式，直接接宾语“confidence”，搭配正确；D项“lacked”本身正确，但后续“let out”搭配错误。第三空为固定短语“let sb. down”，意为“让某人失望”；“let sb. out”意为“让某人出去”，不符合语境。故选C项。 19. Last night, I was packing my bag and texting a message to my boss ________ I heard a cry for help from outside the office. A. when B. as C. before D. while 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查连词。句意：昨晚，我正在整理包给老板发信息时，正在那时听到办公室外传来求救声。分析句子可知，本句为be doing sth ...when...“ 正在做某事,正在那时......”。故选A项。 20. To what extent will future scientific discoveries ________ the prolonging of the human life? A. be made possible B. make it possible C. make possible D. be made it possible 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：未来的科学发现将在多大程度上使人类寿命的延长成为可能？该句为特殊疑问句，此处为“make +宾语+宾语补足语”结构，主语为“future scientific discoveries”，will后应为动词原形，宾语是“the prolonging of the human life”，所以“possible”作宾语补足语。故选C项。 21. The new smartphone costs ________ the basic model, but it comes with a better camera and longer battery life. A. as three times as much B. as much three times as C. three times as the amount D. three times as much as 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查倍数表达法。句意：这款新智能手机的价格是基础款的三倍，但它拥有更好的摄像头和更长的续航时间。此处为“倍数+ as +形容词/副词原级+ as”结构，cost表示“花费”，需用“much”修饰不可数概念的“花费”，所以此处为“three times as much as”复合结构。故选D项。 22. Some psychologists suggest that when ________ with a difficult task, one could improve his performance when mentally imagining himself ________ well. A. facing; performing B. faced; performing C. faced; to perform D. facing; having performed 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句中的省略、非谓语动词。句意：一些心理学家建议，当面对一项困难的任务时，一个人如果在心理上想象自己表现良好，就能提高自己的表现。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。故“when ________ with a difficult task”为时间状语从句的省略形式，完整形式为when one is_____ (face) with a difficult task，be faced with“面对”为固定短语，第一空用过去分词faced。imagine sb doing sth为固定短语，意为“想象某人做某事”，第二空应用perform“表现”的现在分词performing，作宾补。故选B。 23. —Did Jack come back early last night? It really ________ me. —Yes, it was not yet eight o’clock ________ he arrived home. A. was concerned about; when B. concerned; when C. concerned; that D. was concerned about; that 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和状语从句引导词。句意：—杰克昨晚回来得早吗？这真的让我担心。—是的，他到家的时候还不到八点钟。第一个空处为句子的谓语动词。concern可作及物动词，意为“使担心；使忧虑”，主语it指代“杰克是否早归”这件事，直接接宾语me；be concerned about主语通常是人，表“关心……”，不符合语境。第二空处为时间状语从句，“it was not yet eight o’clock when...”表示“当……的时候还不到八点钟”，when引导从句作时间状语。故填B。 24. If the country ________ the opportunity, it will need continuing support from the outside world—preferably on a greater scale than it ________ so far. A. is to seize... has received B. is about to seize... received C. seizes... has received D. is seizing... received 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：如果这个国家想要抓住这个机会，它将需要外界持续的支持，最好这种支持的规模比它目前所获得的更大。横线一所在句子是个条件状语从句，主句使用一般将来时，从句应该使用一般现在时；横线二包括时间状语so far，应该使用现在完成时，综上所述，故选C项。 25. Nancy said cheerfully, “Anne's not really so hopeless. We had a ________ conversation all the way from Wagon Mound. I told her all about my painting.” A. vague B. terrific C. visual D. virtual 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：南希兴高采烈地说道：“安妮其实并非完全无可救药。从瓦贡莫德出发后，我们一路上交流甚欢。我向她详细讲述了我所有的绘画作品。”A. vague模糊的；B. terrific极好的；C. visual视觉的；D. virtual虚拟的。根据后文“all the way from Wagon Mound. I told her all about my painting.”可知，有了极好的对话，一路上交流甚欢。向她详细讲述了所有的绘画作品。故选B。 26. According to the art dealer, the painting ________ to go for at least a million dollars. A. is expected B. expects C. expected D. is expecting 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：据艺术品经销商说，这幅画预计至少能卖到100万美元。设空处为谓语，陈述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语the painting和expect之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，应填is expected。故选A。 27. He ________ more than 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15. A. has learned B. would have learned C. learned D. had learned 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：当他15岁进入大学时，他已经学会了5000多个英语单词。“when he entered the university at the age of 15”是一个时间状语从句，表示“当他15岁进入大学时”，这是一个明确的过去时间点。主句描述的是在这个过去时间点之前已经完成的动作，即“他已经学会了5000多个英语单词”，这要求使用过去完成时，表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作或状态。故选D。 28. At 9:00 a.m. tomorrow, our class ________ a chemistry experiment in the lab, so don’t forget to wear safety goggles. A. will do B. will be doing C. are doing D. have done 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：明天上午9点，我们班要在实验室做化学实验，所以别忘了戴上护目镜。根据时间状语“At 9:00 a.m. tomorrow”可知，句子描述将来某个时间点正在发生的动作，应用将来进行时will be doing。故选B。 29. It ________ long before the school art festival opens, and drama clubs are rehearsing nonstop to perfect their performances. A. isn’t B. hasn’t been C. wasn’t D. won’t be 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意：学校艺术节不久就要开幕了，戏剧社正在不停排练以完善他们的表演。本句表达“过不了多久就会……”，主句和从句都表示将来的动作或状态。before引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来，主句则应用一般将来时。故选D项。 30. When I ________, the movie started. A. seated B. was being seated C. was seated D. had seated 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：当我落座后，电影开始了。根据主句中的started可知，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。I和seat(使就座)之间是动宾关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是I，助动词用was。故选C。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. (A) Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. comfortable B. examining C. taking D. enthusiasm E. identified F. shaped G. means H. digital I. screen J. accesses K. typical Every morning, 21-year-old A. J. Hunter downloads his schedule onto his always-at-hand Macintosh laptop. Hunter is a ____31____ technical college student. He downloads music to his iPod and ____32____ social networking sites from his cell phone. He uses e-mail and instant messaging anywhere on the wireless campus. Hunter is a (n) “____33____ native” — a term that has been used to describe the first generation who grew up in a world filled with computers, cell phones and cable TV. These young people think, act and react much differently from how their parents and grandparents did, often because their childhoods were in large part ____34____ by technology, say researchers. “This is so core to their social experience—to their identities—to what it ____35____ to be a young person and a student in the new century,” says educational technology expert Richard Katz. But just because young people are ____36____ with technology, that doesn’t mean it’s always beneficial. Some experts worry that technology is ____37____ over the lives of today’s youth. When his desktop computer crashed during the first week of classes, “I thought I was going to go mad,” says senior Nick Caine. “I was running to the library every two seconds. I didn't even go home because I knew I wouldn't have a computer.” There are other negative sides of too much ____38____ time. A recent study found that nearly 20 percent of students admit that time spent on the Internet and playing computer games resulted in low grades or dropping a class. Technology author Michael Bugeja questions the recent extreme ____39____ toward technology: “Not only are the students addicted—the institutions of learning are addicted,” he says. “No one is _____40_____ its impact, and we continue to proceed under the assumption that more access to technology will enhance learning outcomes.” 【答案】31. K 32. J 33. H 34. F 35. G 36. A 37. C 38. I 39. D 40. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“数字原住民”这一代年轻人的生活与科技紧密相连的特点，同时也指出了过度依赖科技带来的负面影响。 【31题详解】 考查形容词。句意：亨特是一名典型的技术学院学生。空处需用形容词修饰名词短语“technical college student”，结合语境及选项，“typical”意为“典型的”符合句意，描述亨特作为技术学院学生具有代表性的特征。故选K。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：他把音乐下载到iPod上，还通过手机访问社交网站。空处与“downloads”并列，需用动词第三人称单数形式，“access”意为“访问，进入”可搭配“social networking sites”，表示进入社交网站的动作，符合语境。故选J。 【33题详解】 考查形容词。句意：亨特是一名“数字原住民”——这个术语用来描述在一个充满电脑、手机和有线电视的世界里长大的第一代人。根据后文“a world filled with computers, cell phones and cable TV”可知，此处指与数字技术相关的一代，“digital”意为“数字的”修饰“native”，构成“digital native”（数字原住民）这一固定术语，符合文意。故选H。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意：研究人员表示，这些年轻人的思维、行为和反应方式与他们的父母和祖父母大不相同，这往往是因为他们的童年在很大程度上受到了科技的影响。空处需用动词过去分词构成被动语态，“shaped”意为“塑造，影响”符合语境，指童年被科技所塑造，进而影响了他们的思维和行为方式。故选F。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：教育技术专家理查德·卡茨说：“这对他们的社会经历、身份认同，以及对新世纪年轻人和学生意味着什么，都至关重要。”“it means to be...”为固定表达，意为“……意味着……”，此处“means”意为“意味着”符合句子结构和语义，阐述科技对年轻人身份和角色的意义。故选G。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但仅仅因为年轻人对科技感到熟悉自在，并不意味着科技总是有益的。“be comfortable with”为固定搭配，意为“对……感到自在、熟悉”，结合后文提到的年轻人依赖科技的表现，“comfortable”意为“自在的，熟悉的”符合语境，说明年轻人对科技的适应状态。故选A。 【37题详解】 考查动词。句意：一些专家担心，科技正在占据当今年轻人的生活。“take over”为固定短语，意为“占据，接管”，此处用“taking”与“is”构成现在进行时，符合“科技逐渐占据生活”的语境，体现专家的担忧。故选C。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：过多的屏幕时间还有其他负面影响。根据后文“time spent on the Internet and playing computer games”可知，这些活动都需要通过屏幕进行，“screen time”意为“屏幕时间”为固定搭配，指使用电子屏幕的时长，符合文意。故选I。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：科技作家迈克尔·布杰贾对最近人们对科技的极端热情提出了质疑：“不仅学生们上瘾，教育机构也上瘾。”空处需用名词作宾语，“enthusiasm”意为“热情”符合语境，指人们对科技表现出的强烈兴趣，与后文“上瘾”相呼应。故选D。 【40题详解】 考查动词。句意：“没有人在审视它的影响，我们仍然在假设更多地接触科技会提高学习成果的前提下继续前进。”空处需用动词-ing形式与“is”构成现在进行时，“examining”意为“审视，检查”搭配“its impact”（它的影响），符合语境，指人们没有认真研究科技带来的影响。故选B。 (B) Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. diagnosed B. integrating C. toughness D. fulfilling E. value F. fuels G. blow H. trait I. eased J. overwhelming K. supervisors Finding Strength in Sensitivity When my medical school mentor, refusing to write a recommendation for my Ph. D. application, declared my sensitivity a flaw (缺陷), her words, stabbing at my heart, raised doubts about my future. That rejection, a heavy ____41____ then and remaining in my thoughts now, sparks a realization. Sensitivity, often deemed a weakness, emerges as my strength, shaping daily challenges. After six exhausting years in medical school, during which my mental health steadily worsened, I set out on a Ph. D. abroad. This journey proved ____42____. Anxiety took hold of me, as tasks others handled easily became terrifying. The stress, escalating until I reached a breaking point, forced me to switch labs and, in my second Ph. D. year, turn to a psychiatrist (精神科医生), who ____43____ me with smelling disorder. This condition, ____44____ sensitivity with my daily life, made science a source of doubt. Efforts to avoid errors, often causing missed deadlines, were misjudged as laziness. Others urged ____45____. I hid my struggles, pretending to be fine. Treatment brought some balance. In October 2023, conflict in Israel led me to Serbia. Feeling unsafe as a special person, I soon left for Denmark to restart my Ph. D. Denmark offered freedom. New strategies, like photographing, ____46____ my stress. Feedback no longer felt like attacks. Medication and open communication with ____47____ helped. These steps made my path sustainable. Though my mentor’s words trigger occasional doubt, sensitivity, now seen as power, ____48____ my kindness as a future doctor. This ____49____, driving my research to aid patients, highlights the need for doctors to blend science with care, a belief shaped by my chronic condition. My struggles, teaching me to respect limits and _____50_____ emotions, have strengthened me. This journey, though tough, proves that sensitivity, far from a flaw, enhances my passion for healing. 【答案】41. G 42. J 43. A 44. B 45. C 46. I 47. K 48. F 49. H 50. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述自身求学经历，曾因敏感受挫、遇健康问题，后调整状态，发现敏感是优势，坚定从医信念。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：那次拒绝在当时是一个沉重的打击，现在也依然萦绕在我的思绪中，它让我意识到一个问题。根据上文“her words, stabbing at my heart, raised doubts about my future”可知，导师拒绝为作者写博士申请推荐信，这对作者来说是一次打击。空处前有不定冠词a和形容词heavy修饰，应填名词，“blow”作名词时意为“打击”，符合语境。故选G。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这段旅程证明是难以应对的。根据下文“Anxiety took hold of me, as tasks others handled easily became terrifying”可知，别人轻易能完成的任务对作者来说却很可怕，作者还被焦虑困扰，说明这段博士求学旅程很艰难、难以应对。空处作表语，应用形容词，“overwhelming”意为“难以应对的”，符合语境。故选J。 【43题详解】 考查动词。句意：压力不断升级，直到我达到崩溃的边缘，这迫使我更换了实验室，并且在我博士二年级时，我去看了精神科医生，医生诊断我患有嗅觉障碍。根据空后“me with smelling disorder”可知，此处指医生对作者的病情进行诊断，“diagnose sb. with sth.”是固定搭配，意为“诊断某人患有某种疾病”。结合上下文时态，此处应用一般过去时，“diagnosed”符合语境。故选A。 【44题详解】 考查动词。句意：这种将敏感与我的日常生活融为一体的状况，让科学研究成了一个令人怀疑的领域。根据空后“sensitivity with my daily life”可知，此处指嗅觉障碍这种状况使得敏感融入到作者的日常生活中，“integrate...with...”是固定搭配，意为“使……与……融合”。分析句子结构，此处为非谓语动词作定语，逻辑主语This condition与integrate之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，“integrating”符合语境。故选B。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：其他人则劝我要坚强。根据下文“I hid my struggles, pretending to be fine”可知，作者隐藏自己的困境，假装一切都好，结合别人的态度，推测别人是劝作者要坚强面对困难。空处作urged的宾语，应用名词，“toughness”意为“坚韧；坚强”，符合语境。故选C。 【46题详解】 考查动词。句意：新的方法，比如拍照，缓解了我的压力。根据上文“Denmark offered freedom”和下文“Feedback no longer felt like attacks”可知，丹麦的生活给了作者自由，反馈也不再让作者觉得是攻击，说明新的方法起到了积极作用，缓解了作者的压力。此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，“eased”意为“缓解；减轻”，符合语境。故选I。 【47题详解】 考查名词。句意：药物治疗以及与上级的坦诚沟通起到了帮助作用。根据上文语境，作者正在进行博士研究，结合选项，能与作者进行沟通并对其有一定影响的，“supervisors”（上级；指导教师）符合逻辑，指作者与指导自己的上级坦诚沟通，从而获得帮助。故选K。 【48题详解】 考查动词。句意：虽然导师的话偶尔会引发我的怀疑，但现在被视为一种力量的敏感，激发了我作为未来医生的善意。根据空后“my kindness as a future doctor”可知，此处指敏感这种特质促使作者产生了作为医生的善意，“fuels”作动词时意为“激起；刺激”，符合语境。结合上下文时态，此处应用一般现在时，主语sensitivity是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选F。 【49题详解】 考查名词。句意：这种特质推动着我的研究，以帮助患者，它凸显了医生需要将科学与关怀结合起来的必要性，这一信念是由我的慢性疾病塑造的。根据上文“sensitivity, now seen as power”可知，此处指代的就是“敏感”这种特质，“trait”意为“特质；特性”，符合语境。故选H。 【50题详解】 考查动词。句意：我的这些困境教会了我尊重极限并重视情感，也让我变得更坚强。根据空后“emotions”以及上文作者对敏感的认知转变可知，作者从困境中学会了重视情感，“value”作动词时意为“重视；珍视”，符合语境。此处与前面的“respect”并列，应用动词原形。故选E。 III. Reading Comprehension (15'+30') Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The responsibilities of job, home and family all too often transform the daily routine into a huge burden. Enjoying quality leisure time becomes ____51____. True leisure means engaging in a ____52____ and rewarding activity without being ____53____ by other aspects of your life. Sometimes, the ____54____ you experience during the week makes you place great emphasis on weekends and other days off. You hope to relax, but the pressure is ____55____. You can't rest even when you have the time to do so. When time is limited, leisure activities are usually the first items to ____56____ from the daily schedule. If you routinely ____57____ your leisure time because you have “more important things to do.” you may be underestimating how much time the things ____58____ take. Most people routinely shortchange themselves on the amount of time required to complete a given task. The problem is a ____59____ to evaluate performance honestly. _____60_____, simplifying your life will let you have more windows of opportunity to do stuff just for fun. Maybe you need to relearn to relax. Spare Time for Your _____61_____: Devote one afternoon or evening per week _____62_____ to doing something that you enjoy, listening to music, assembling a jigsaw puzzle. Do whatever you always wish to but never seem to find time for. And do it where there's nothing to remind you of other _____63_____. Choose Low-Tech: The popular fascination with technological advances in all areas of life has diverted (偏离) attention from the simple pleasures of many _____64_____ pastimes. People think they must have the best, most up-to-date equipment available to enjoy themselves. When keeping up with trends becomes the _____65_____, the pure pleasure of leisure is lost. 51. A. essential B. difficult C. noticeable D. incapable 52. A. reluctant B. disgusting C. delicate D. pleasurable 53. A. preoccupied B. ashamed C. cultivated D. oppressed 54. A. favour B. risk C. thirst D. stress 55. A. enormous B. reasonable C. ignorant D. adjusted 56. A. destroy B. consider C. disappear D. recognize 57. A. estimate B. abandon C. fulfill D. expand 58. A. constantly B. initially C. actually D. equally 59. A. variety B. delay C. record D. failure 60. A. However B. Consequently C. Moreover D. Therefore 61. A. Instincts B. Desires C. images D. Tasks 62. A. occasionally B. dramatically C. primarily D. entirely 63. A. expectations B. obligations C. simulations D. limitations 64. A. individual B. uncommon C. traditional D. physical 65. A. threat B. obstacle C. source D. focus 【答案】51. B 52. D 53. A 54. D 55. A 56. C 57. B 58. C 59. D 60. A 61. B 62. D 63. B 64. C 65. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了现代人因工作、家庭责任难以享受高质量休闲时光的问题及原因，并提出简化生活、预留专属时间、选择传统消遣等解决办法。 【51题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：享受高质量的休闲时光变得困难。A. essential必要的、基本的、本质的；B. difficult困难的、不易的；C. noticeable明显的、显著的、易察觉的；D. incapable无能力的、不能胜任的、无法做到的。根据上文“The responsibilities of job, home and family all too often transform the daily routine into a huge burden.”可知，工作、家庭责任常将日常变成沉重负担。由此可推测，享受高质量的休闲时光会变得困难。故选B。 【52题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：真正的休闲意味着从事一项令人愉快且有益的活动，而不受生活其他方面的干扰。A. reluctant不情愿的、勉强的、迟疑的；B. disgusting令人厌恶的、令人作呕的、讨厌的；C. delicate脆弱的、精细的、微妙的、易碎的；D. pleasurable愉快的、愉悦的、令人开心的。根据空后“rewarding”可推测，空处指的是真正的休闲应该具有积极属性，且与“rewarding”构成并列的正面描述。故选D。 【53题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：真正的休闲意味着从事一项令人愉快且有益的活动，而不受生活其他方面的干扰。A. preoccupied被某事占据心思的；B. ashamed羞愧的、惭愧的、感到难为情的；C. cultivated有教养的、栽培的、培养的；D. oppressed受压迫的、被压制的、感到沉重负担的。根据上文“True leisure means engaging in a ____2____ and rewarding activity”可知，真正的休闲是参与愉悦且有益的活动，不被其他事务分心。故选A。 【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时，一周的压力会让你格外重视周末和其他休息日。A. favour偏爱、恩惠、支持、帮助；B. risk风险、危险、冒险；C. thirst渴望、口渴、渴求；D. stress压力、紧张、强调。根据下文“You hope to relax, but the pressure is ____5____ .”可知，一周的压力会让自己渴望休息。故选D。 【55题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你希望放松，但压力巨大。A. enormous巨大的、庞大的、极大的；B. reasonable合理的、公道的、有道理的；C. ignorant无知的、愚昧的、不知道的；D. adjusted调整过的、适应的、校准的。根据下文“You can't rest even when you have the time to do so.”可推测，压力巨大，没办法放松。故选A。 【56题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时间有限时，休闲活动通常是日常安排中首先被舍弃的项目。A. destroy破坏、摧毁、毁坏；B. consider考虑、认为、思索；C. disappear消失、不见、消逝；D. recognize认出、识别、承认、认可。根据上文“When time is limited”和下文“If you routinely ____7____ your leisure time because you have “more important things to do.””可知，时间有限时，休闲活动会从日程中“消失”。故选C。 【57题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你经常因为“有更重要事情要做”而放弃休闲时间，你可能低估了这些事情实际所需的时间。A. estimate估计、估算、评价；B. abandon放弃、抛弃、遗弃；C. fulfill完成、实现、履行、满足；D. expand扩大、扩展、扩张、膨胀。根据上文“When time is limited, leisure activities are usually the first items to ____6____ from the daily schedule.”和后文“because you have “more important things to do”可知，如果有更重要的事，人们总是会首先舍弃休闲活动。故选B。 【58题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你经常因为“有更重要的事情要做”而放弃休闲时间，你可能低估了这些事情实际所需的时间。A. constantly不断地、持续地、经常地；B. initially最初、起初、开始；C. actually实际上、事实上、确实；D. equally平等地、同样地、平均地。根据下文“Most people routinely shortchange themselves on the amount of time required to complete a given task.”可知，人们会低估完成这些任务实际所需的时间。故选C。 【59题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题在于未能诚实地评估自己的表现。A. variety多样性、种类、变化；B. delay延迟、拖延、耽搁；C. record记录、记载、唱片、履历；D. failure失败、不及格、未能做到、故障。根据上文“Most people routinely shortchange themselves on the amount of time required to complete a given task.”可知，人们会低估任务所需的时间。而本句则解释了人们之所以这样，是因为无法诚实地评估自己的表现。故选D。 【60题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，简化生活会让你有更多的时间去做一些纯粹为了乐趣的事情。A. However然而、可是、无论如何；B. Consequently因此、结果、所以；C. Moreover此外、而且、再者；D. Therefore因此、所以、因而。根据上文可知，人们总是会低估任务所需的时间。而下文则提出可以简化生活，从而做一些有趣的事情。上下文之间存在转折关系。故选A。 【61题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为你的心愿留出时间：每周抽出一个下午或晚上，完全用来做你喜欢的事，比如听音乐、拼拼图。A. Instincts本能、直觉、天性；B. Desires欲望、渴望、愿望；C. Images图像、影像、形象、印象；D. Tasks任务、工作、作业。根据下文“Devote one afternoon or evening per week ____12____ to doing something that you enjoy, listening to music, assembling a jigsaw puzzle.”可知，本段建议留出时间做自己渴望做的事情。故选B。 【62题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：为你的心愿留出时间：每周抽出一个下午或晚上，完全用来做你喜欢的事，比如听音乐、拼拼图。A. occasionally偶尔、间或、有时候；B. dramatically显著地、剧烈地、戏剧性地；C. primarily主要地、首先、起初；D. entirely完全地、彻底地、全然地。根据上文“True leisure means engaging in a ____2____ and rewarding activity without being ____3____ by other aspects of your life.”可知，作者建议人们要在这个下午或晚上完全投入到自己所喜欢的事情之中。故选D。 【63题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：而且要在没有任何东西能让你想起其他义务的地方去做。A. expectations期望、预期、指望；B. obligations义务、责任、职责；C. simulations模拟、仿真、模拟操作；D. limitations限制、局限、限度。根据上文“True leisure means engaging in a ____2____ and rewarding activity without being ____3____ by other aspects of your life.”可知，作者认为真正的休闲不应该被生活的其他方面分心。因此，本句指的是全身心放松时就不要再去想其他的义务，如工作，家庭责任等。故选B。 【64题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：选择低技术含量：生活中各个领域对技术进步的狂热追求，使人们对许多传统消遣活动带来的简单乐趣视而不见。A. individual个人的、个体的、单独的、个人；B. uncommon不常见的、罕见的、不寻常的；C. traditional传统的、惯例的、守旧的；D. physical身体的、物理的、物质的、实体的。空前“The popular fascination with technological advances in all areas of life has diverted (偏离) attention from the simple pleasures”中的“the simple pleasures”暗示了这些消遣是传统的、非高科技的。故选C。 【65题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当跟上潮流成为关注焦点时，纯粹的休闲乐趣就丧失了。A. threat威胁、恐吓、构成威胁的人或事；B. obstacle障碍、阻碍、障碍物；C. source来源、源头、根源、出处；D. focus焦点、中心、重点、聚焦、关注。根据上文“People think they must have the best, most up-to-date equipment available to enjoy themselves.”可推测，人们拥有了好的、先进的设备时，就是将跟上潮流成为了自己关注的焦点。而一旦这样，人们就失去了纯粹的休闲。故选D。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) There was no possibility of taking a walk that day. We had been wandering, indeed, in the leafless shrubbery an hour in the morning; but since dinner (Mrs. Reed, when there was no company, dined early) the cold winter wind had brought with it clouds so dark, and rain so likely to pour, that further outdoor exercise was now out of the question. I was glad of it. I never liked long walks, especially on cold afternoons. Awful to me was the coming home in the raw twilight, with nipped (冻伤的) fingers and toes, and a heart saddened by the scoldings of Bessie, the nurse, and humbled (贬低) by the consciousness of my physical inferiority to Eliza, John, and Georgiana Reed. Eliza, John, and Georgiana were now surrounding their mama in the drawing room; she lay on a sofa by the fireside, and with her darlings around her (for the time neither quarrelling nor crying) looked perfectly happy. She had stopped me from joining the group. She said that she regretted to be under the necessity of keeping me at a distance, but that until she heard from Bessie, and could discover by her own observation that I was trying to acquire a more sociable and childlike nature and a more attractive and lovely manner, and that she really must exclude me from privileges intended only for good children. “What did Bessie say about me?” I asked. “Jane, I don’t like questioners; besides, there is something truly forbidding in a child taking up her elders in that manner. Be seated somewhere; remain silent until you can speak pleasantly.” The study room adjoined the drawing room and I slipped there. It contained a bookcase. I soon possessed myself of a volume stored with pictures. With the book on my knee, I was then happy; happy at least in my way. I feared nothing but interruption, and that came too soon. 66. The underlined phrase “out of the question” in the first paragraph probably means ________. A. impossible B. possible C. likely D. no problem 67. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. the drawing room contained a bookcase. B. Jane liked reading very much. C. Jane drew the curtain to keep warm. D. Bessie was Jane’s good friend. 68. We can infer from the passage that ________. A. Jane enjoyed some privileges in the family B. Jane couldn’t enjoy equal rights with her cousins C. Mrs. Reed was very strict with Jane for her sake D. Jane was too troublesome 69. The main idea of this part of the story is ________. A. Jane was on good terms with her cousins B. Jane spent a happy childhood C. Jane was badly treated in such a family D. Jane loved Mrs. Reed and her cousins 【答案】66. A 67. B 68. B 69. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了主人公简在家里受到不平等对待的故事。 【66题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章画线短语所在句中的“but since dinner (Mrs. Reed, when there was no company, dined early) the cold winter wind had brought with it clouds so dark, and rain so likely to pour”可知自从晚餐后，寒冷的冬风带来了黑漆漆的云，很可能下大雨，所以进一步的户外运动现在是不可能的了。out of the question意为“不可能”。故选A。 【67题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“With the book on my knee, I was then happy; happy at least in my way.(书放在我的膝盖上，那时我很快乐；至少是以我自己的方式快乐着)”可知，简看书时觉得很快乐，所以她喜欢读书，B项正确；故选B。 【68题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“Eliza, John, and Georgiana were now surrounding their mama in the drawing room; she lay on a sofa by the fireside, and with her darlings around her (for the time neither quarrelling nor crying) looked perfectly happy. She had stopped me from joining the group. (伊丽莎、约翰和乔治亚娜现在正围着客厅里的妈妈；她躺在炉边的沙发上，和她心爱的孩子们在一起（当时既没有争吵也没有哭泣），看起来非常高兴。她阻止我加入这个团体。)”可知，里德太太和自己的孩子相处得很愉快，但排斥简，由此可推测，简在这里得不到平等对待。故选B。 【69题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段讲述了简在寒冷的冬天还在外面散步；第二段讲述了护士贝西会责骂简，自己会因为与表亲相比没有身体优势而自卑；第三段到第五段讲述了里德太太区别对待简和她自己的孩子，不让简融入她们；最后两段讲述了简只能自己躲在书房看书，并且很快就被打扰了。由此可推测出，本文主要讲述了简在家里受到不平等对待。故选C。 (B) Animals on the Move Moving to Survive Like the shark, most animals use movement to find food. They also use locomotion to escape enemies, find a mate, and explore new territories. Humans have the added advantage of using their various inventions to move about in just about any kind of environment. However, for other animals movement came about naturally through millions of years of evolution. One of the most successful examples of animal locomotion is that of the shark. Its ability to quickly zero in on its prey has always impressed scientists. Skin Is the Key The biologists discovered that the skin of the shark is the key to the animal’s high efficiency in swimming through the water. The skin contains many fiber (纤维). These fibers can either store or release large amounts of energy depending on whether the fibers are relaxed or pulled tight. As energy is alternately stored and released on both sides of the animal’s body, the tail whips strongly back and forth. This whip-like action propels (推进) the animal through the water like a living bullet. Source of Energy When the shark swims slowly, the pressure on the fibers is relatively low. The fibers are more relaxed, and the shark is able to bend its body at sharp angles. The animal swims this way when looking around for food or just swimming. However, when the shark detects an important food source, some fantastic involuntary changes take place. The pressure inside the animal may increase by 10 times. This pressure change greatly stretches the fibers, enabling much energy to be stored. This energy is then transferred to the tail, and the shark is off. The rest of the story is predictable. Other Animals Less Efficient Not all animals move as efficiently as sharks. Perhaps the greatest loser in locomotion efficiency is the slug (鼻涕虫). It uses so much energy producing the mucus (粘液) and crawling over it that a mouse traveling the same distance uses only one twelfth as much energy. Scientists say that because of the slug’s inefficient use of energy, its lifestyle must be restricted. That is, the animals are forced to confine themselves to small areas for obtaining food and finding proper living conditions. Have humans ever been faced with this kind of problem? 70. What is the main factor for shark’s rapid water movement? A. The skin. B. The tail. C. The muscle. D. The jaw. 71. According to the passage when will the pressure inside the animal increase dramatically? A. When moving its tail rapidly. B. When finding its prey. C. When staying without any movement. D. When bending its body in swimming. 72. What can be learned about slugs according to the passage? A. They move as efficiently as sharks. B. They can travel as far as mice. C. They only live in restricted areas. D. They use only little energy. 【答案】70. A 71. B 72. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍动物为生存而移动，以鲨鱼为例说明其高效游泳的关键在于皮肤，还对比鼻涕虫移动效率低及由此受限的生活方式。 【70题详解】 细节理解题。根据Skin Is the Key部分中的“The biologists discovered that the skin of the shark is the key to the animal’s high efficiency in swimming through the water. (生物学家发现，鲨鱼的皮肤是这种动物能高效在水中游泳的关键)”可知，鲨鱼能在水中快速移动的主要因素是它的皮肤。故选A项。 【71题详解】 细节理解题。根据Source of Energy部分中的“However, when the shark detects an important food source, some fantastic involuntary changes take place. The pressure inside the animal may increase by 10 times. (然而，当鲨鱼察觉到重要的食物来源时，会发生一些无意识的奇妙变化。它体内的压力可能会增加10倍。)”可知，当鲨鱼发现猎物时，其体内压力会急剧增加。故选B项。 【72题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Scientists say that because of the slug’s inefficient use of energy, its lifestyle must be restricted. That is, the animals are forced to confine themselves to small areas for obtaining food and finding proper living conditions. (科学家表示，由于鼻涕虫对能量的低效利用，其生活方式一定会受到限制。也就是说，这种动物被迫将自己局限在小范围内获取食物和寻找合适的生存环境。)”可知，鼻涕虫只能生活在受限的区域内。故选C项。 (C) It is often claimed that nuclear energy is something we cannot do without. We live in a consumer society where there is an enormous demand for commercial products of all kinds. Moreover, an increase in industrial production is considered to be one solution to the problem of mass unemployment. Such an increase presumes an abundant and cheap energy supply. Many people believe that nuclear energy provides an inexhaustible and economical source of power and that it is therefore essential for an industrially developing society. There are a number of other advantages in the use of nuclear energy. Firstly, nuclear power, except for accidents, is clean. A further advantage is that a nuclear power station can be run and maintained by relatively few technical and administrative staff. The nuclear reactor represents an enormous step in our scientific evolution and, whatever the anti-nuclear group says, it is wrong to expect a return to more primitive sources of fuel. However, opponents of nuclear energy point out that nuclear power stations bring a direct threat not only to the environment but also to civil liberties. Furthermore, it is questionable whether ultimately nuclear power is a cheap source of energy. There have, for example, been very costly accidents in America, in Britain and, of course, in Russia. The possibility of increases in the cost of uranium (铀) in addition to the cost of greater safety provisions could price nuclear power out of the market. In the long run, environmentalists argue, nuclear energy wastes valuable resources and disturbs the ecology to an extent which could bring about the destruction of the human race. Thus, if we wish to survive, we can not afford nuclear energy. In spite of the case against nuclear energy outlined above, nuclear energy programmes are expanding. Such an expansion assumes a continual growth in industrial production and consumer demands. However, it is doubtful whether this growth will or can continue. Having weighed up the arguments on both sides, it seems there are good economic and ecological reasons for sources of energy other than nuclear power. 73. Some people claim that nuclear energy is essential because ________. A. it provides a perfect solution to mass unemployment B. it represents an enormous step forward in our scientific evolution C. it can meet the growing demand of an industrially developing society D. nuclear power stations can be run and maintained by relatively few technical and administrative staff 74. Which of the following statements does the writer support? A. The demand for commercial products will not necessarily keep increasing. B. Nuclear energy is something we cannot do without. C. Uranium is a good source of energy for economic and ecological reasons. D. Greater safety provisions can bring about the expansion of nuclear energy programmes. 75. What is one of the main concerns raised by opponents of nuclear energy regarding its long-term impact? A. It will lead to a decrease in industrial production. B. It may cause a return to more primitive fuel sources. C. It could waste resources and harm the ecology to the point of human extinction. D. It will result in a significant reduction in consumer demands. 76. The writer's attitude toward nuclear energy is ________. A. indifferent B. favorable C. tolerant D. negative 【答案】73. C 74. A 75. C 76. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了核能的优点、反对核能的人提出核能的缺点以及作者对核能的看法。 【73题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“Many people believe that nuclear energy provides an inexhaustible and economical source of power and that it is therefore essential for an industrially developing society. (许多人认为核能是一种取之不尽且经济实惠的能源，因此对于正在工业化发展的社会而言，它至关重要)”可知，有些人声称核能是必不可少的，因为它可以满足一个工业社会发展日益增长的需求。故选C。 【74题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的“In spite of the case against nuclear energy outlined above, nuclear energy programmes are expanding. Such an expansion assumes a continual growth in industrial production and consumer demands. However, it is doubtful whether this growth will or can continue. (尽管上面已经阐述了反对核能的理由，但核能项目仍在不断扩大。这种扩张的前提是工业生产持续增长以及消费者需求不断增加。然而，这种增长能否持续下去还是个未知数)”可知，核能项目扩张假设工业生产和消费需求持续增长，但作者质疑这种增长是否会或能否持续，即作者认为需求不一定持续增长，该选项符合作者观点，故选A。 【75题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“The possibility of increases in the cost of uranium (铀) in addition to the cost of greater safety provisions could price nuclear power out of the market. In the long run, environmentalists argue, nuclear energy wastes valuable resources and disturbs the ecology to an extent which could bring about the destruction of the human race. (铀成本的上涨（除了安全措施成本的增加之外）有可能会使核电的成本过高，从而导致其退出市场。从长远来看，环保人士认为，核能会浪费宝贵的资源，并对生态造成一定程度的破坏，这种破坏可能会导致人类的毁灭)”可知，环保人士（反对者）认为，从长远看，核能会浪费资源，危害生态，导致人类灭绝。故选C。 【76题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的“However, it is doubtful whether this growth will or can continue. Having weighed up the arguments on both sides, it seems there are good economic and ecological reasons for sources of energy other than nuclear power. (然而，这种增长能否持续仍存疑问。经过对双方论点的权衡，似乎存在一些经济和生态方面的理由表明，除了核能之外，还有其他能源可供利用)”可知, 作者权衡后认为有充分的经济和生态理由选择非核能能源。由此推知，他对核能持反对态度。故选D。 (D) “Does my smile look big in this?” Future fitting-room mirrors in clothing stores could subtly adjust your reflection to make you look — and hence feel — happier, encouraging you to like what you see. That’s the idea behind the Emotion Evoking System developed by Shigeo Yoshida and colleagues at the University of Tokyo in Japan. The system can manipulate your emotions and personal preferences by presenting you with an image of your own smiling or frowning face. The principle that physiological changes can drive emotional ones — that laughter comes before happiness, rather than the other way around — is a well-established idea. The researchers wanted to see if this idea could be used to build a computer system that manipulates how you feel. The system works by presenting the user with a webcam (网络摄像头) image of his or her face — as if they were looking in a mirror. The image is then subtly altered with software, turning the corners of the mouth up or down and changing the area around the eyes, so that the person appears to smile or frown. Without telling them the aim of the study, the team recruited 21 volunteers and asked them to sit in front of the screen while performing an unrelated task. When the task was complete the participants rated how they felt. When the faces on screen appeared to smile, people reported that they felt happier. Conversely, when the image was given a sad expression, they reported feeling less happy. Yoshida and his colleagues tested whether manipulating the volunteers’ emotional state would influence their preferences. Each person was given a scarf to wear and again presented with the altered webcam image. The volunteers that saw themselves smiling while wearing the scarf were more likely to report that they liked it, and those that saw themselves not smiling were less likely. The system could be used to manipulate consumers’ impressions of products, say the researchers. For example, mirrors in clothing-store fitting rooms could be replaced with screens showing altered reflections. They also suggest people may be more likely to find clothes attractive if they see themselves looking happy while trying them on. “It’s certainly an interesting area,” says Chris Creed at the University of Birmingham, UK. But he notes that using such technology in a shop would be harder than in the lab, because people will use a wide range of expressions. “Attempting to make slight differences to these and ensuring that the reflected image looks believable would be much more challenging,” he says. Of course, there are also important ethical questions surrounding such subtly manipulative technology. “You could argue that if it makes people happy, what harm is it doing?” says Creed. “But I can imagine that many people may feel manipulated, uncomfortable and cheated if they found out.” 77. What’s the main purpose of the Emotion Evoking System? A. To see whether one’s feeling can be unconsciously affected. B. To see whether one’s facial expressions can be altered. C. To see whether laughter comes before happiness. D. To replace the mirrors in future clothing-store fitting rooms. 78. What can we learn about the webcam image in the study? A. It altered the volunteers’ looks in the mirror. B. It gave the volunteers a mistaken impression. C. It attempted to make the volunteers feel happier. D. It recorded the volunteers’ performance in the task. 79. What would probably happen if the researchers’ suggestions were to be taken? A. People would feel cheated and angry. B. People would try on more clothes they like. C. People would buy some clothes they don’t like. D. People would totally change their personal preferences. 80. What does Creed’s comment on the ethical issues with this technology imply? A. Nothing is more important than happiness. B. People should make their decisions independently. C. Technology is unable to manipulate people. D. People should not base their happiness on technology. 【答案】77. A 78. B 79. C 80. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日本东京大学研发的“情绪唤起系统”，该系统通过微调用户面部图像来影响其情绪和偏好，并探讨了该系统在服装店试衣镜等场景的应用潜力、现实挑战及伦理问题。 【77题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The researchers wanted to see if this idea could be used to build a computer system that manipulates how you feel.( 研究人员想知道这个理念是否能用于构建一个能操控人感受的计算机系统。)”可知，该系统的主要目的是验证能否通过技术手段在不知不觉中影响人的情绪。故选A。 【78题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The image is then subtly altered with software, turning the corners of the mouth up or down and changing the area around the eyes, so that the person appears to smile or frown.(随后该图像会通过软件进行细微调整，将嘴角向上或向下调整，并改变眼部周围区域，让这个人看起来在微笑或皱眉。)”及第四段“When the faces on screen appeared to smile, people reported that they felt happier. Conversely, when the image was given a sad expression, they reported feeling less happy.(当屏幕上的脸出现微笑时，人们报告说他们感到更快乐。相反，当照片上有悲伤的表情时，他们会感到不那么快乐。)”可知，该图像通过伪造表情给志愿者传递了错误的自我形象印象。故选B。 【79题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“The volunteers that saw themselves smiling while wearing the scarf were more likely to report that they liked it, and those that saw themselves not smiling were less likely.(看到自己在戴围巾时微笑的志愿者更有可能表示喜欢，而那些看到自己没有微笑的志愿者则不太可能喜欢。)”及第六段“The system could be used to manipulate consumers' impressions of products, say the researchers. For example, mirrors in clothing-store fitting rooms could be replaced with screens showing altered reflections. They also suggest people may be more likely to find clothes attractive if they see themselves looking happy while trying them on.(研究人员说，这个系统可以用来操纵消费者对产品的印象。例如，服装店试衣间里的镜子可以换成显示改变反射的屏幕。他们还表示，如果人们在试穿时看到自己看起来很开心，他们可能会觉得衣服更有吸引力。)”可知，若应用该系统，人们可能因被诱导的积极情绪而误判对衣服的真实喜好，进而可能购买原本不喜欢的衣服。故选C。 【80题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“But I can imagine that many people may feel manipulated, uncomfortable and cheated if they found out.( 但我能想象，如果人们发现了真相，很多人会觉得自己被操控、不舒服且被欺骗。)”可知，Creed认为这种暗中操控的技术侵犯了人们的知情权和自主判断权，隐含“人们应能独立做决定”的观点。故选B。 IV. Blank Filling (5') Directions: Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper form. 81. Many ancient Chinese legends ________ from the oral traditions of different ethnic groups, passed down through generations by storytelling. (origin) (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】originate 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：许多中国古代传说源自不同民族的口头传统，通过讲故事代代相传。此处为动词作谓语，origin是名词，意为“起源”，其对应的动词形式是originate，意为“起源于”，且“originate from”为固定搭配，意为“源自”；句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语“Many ancient Chinese legends”为复数形式，谓语动词用原形。故填originate。 82. The school library is undergoing reconstruction these days, which brings a lot of ________ to us students. (convenient) (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】inconvenience 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：学校图书馆这些天正在重建，这给我们学生带来了很多不便。空格前有a lot of修饰，应用名词，convenient是形容词，其名词形式为convenience，不可数名词，且根据“The school library is undergoing reconstruction these days”可知，此处使用其反义名词inconvenience，表示“不便”，故填inconvenience。 83. The public’s disapproval of the celebrity’s ________ remarks was reflected in the sharp decline of her social media followers. (offend) (所给词适当形式填空) 【答案】offensive 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：公众对这位名人冒犯性言论的不满，体现在她社交媒体粉丝数量的急剧下降上。此处为形容词作定语修饰名词“remarks”，offend是动词，意为“冒犯”，其对应的形容词形式是offensive，意为“冒犯性的”，符合句意。故填offensive。 84. The majority of the books in the library are fiction novels, attracting many reading ________. (enthusiasm) （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】enthusiasts 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：图书馆里的大部分书籍都是小说，吸引了众多的阅读爱好者。根据空格前的attracting many reading可知，图书馆里的书吸引的应该是阅读爱好者，所以空格处应该用复数名词enthusiasts作宾语。故填enthusiasts。 85. ________ schools often lack sufficient resources, including qualified teachers and modern teaching equipment, which seriously affects the quality of education for students in these areas. (advantage) （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】Disadvantaged 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：弱势学校往往缺乏足够的资源，包括合格的教师和现代化的教学设备，这严重影响了这些地区学生的教育质量。分析句子可知，此处需要一个形容词修饰schools，根据lack sufficient resources, including qualified teachers and modern teaching equipment可知是指“处于不利地位的”学校，advantage的反义词disadvantage，其形容词形式为disadvantaged，表示“处于不利地位的；贫困的”，符合语境。故填 Disadvantaged。 V. Translation (3'+3'+3'+3'+3') Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 86. 应该鼓励学生按照自己的兴趣报名选修课。 (sign) （汉译英） __________________________________________________ 【答案】Students should be encouraged to sign up for elective/optional courses according to their own interests. 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词、时态语态和固定搭配。根据汉语语境可知，句子陈述的是一般性的客观事实，应使用一般现在时。表示“鼓励某人做某事”应用固定短语encourage sb. to do sth.，其中encourage表示“鼓励”，句子表达“应该鼓励学生”的建议性观点，应用情态动词should加被动语态的形式，即sb. should be encouraged to do sth.，其中sb.指“学生”译为students，作主语，位于句首，首字母需大写；to do sth.指“报名选修课”译为to sign up for elective/optional courses，其中sign up for…为固定搭配，意为“报名”，elective/optional courses意为“选修课”。“按照自己的兴趣”可译为according to their own interests，作方式状语，其中according to为固定搭配，意为“根据，按照”。故整句话可译为：Students should be encouraged to sign up for elective/optional courses according to their own interests. 87. 学点经济学常识，这样你就不会对这一社会现象感到云里雾里了。(and) (汉译英) 【答案】Learn some common knowledge in economics, and you won’t be confused about this social phenomenon. 【解析】 【详解】考查“祈使句+and+含有一般将来时的陈述句”。表示“学”应用动词learn；表示“一点经济学常识”应用some common knowledge in economics；表示“……，这样你就（不）会……”可以使用“祈使句+and+含有一般将来时的陈述句”这个句型结构，即Learn some common knowledge in economics, and you will/won’t…；表示“对……感到云里雾里”用短语be confused about；表示“这一社会现象”用短语this social phenomenon。故翻译为Learn some common knowledge in economics, and you won’t be confused about this social phenomenon. 88. 在繁忙的学校生活中，确保你定期锻炼并且饮食均衡，以保持健康状态。（sure）（汉译英） __________________________________________________ 【答案】In your busy school life, be sure to exercise regularly and eat a balanced diet to stay healthy. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语、介词短语和非谓语动词。根据句意，该句为生活建议类表达，描述日常需注意的事项，全句使用祈使句，以动词原形开头，表建议。表示“在繁忙的学校生活中”为介词短语作状语，句首“在……中”用In，“你的繁忙的学校生活”为your busy school life，故状语译为In your busy school life；表示“确保”根据提示词sure用固定短语be sure to，祈使句开头，be动词用原形；表示“定期锻炼并且饮食均衡”为并列的不定式结构，作be sure to的宾语，“定期锻炼”为exercise regularly，“饮食均衡”为eat a balanced diet，二者用and连接，所以该部分译为be sure to exercise regularly and eat a balanced diet；表示“以保持健康状态”为目的状语，用不定式to stay healthy。故翻译为In your busy school life, be sure to exercise regularly and eat a balanced diet to stay healthy. 89. 自从学期伊始老师给我们布置了这篇研究论文，我就一直在图书馆收集相关资料。（assign）（汉译英） __________________________________________________ 【答案】Since the teacher assigned us this research paper at the beginning of the semester, I have been collecting relevant materials in the library. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词、介词短语、名词短语、形容词和时态。句子前后讲述两件事，应用主从复杂句。“自从”用英文单词since，引导时间状语从句；“学期伊始”译为介词短语at the beginning of the semester；“老师给我们布置了这篇研究论文”中“老师”是主语，为特指，用the teacher；根据提示词，“布置”用动词assign，“给某人布置……”可用assign sb. sth.结构，且这一动作发生在“学期伊始”这一过去时间，应使用一般过去时；“研究论文”为名词短语research paper。故从句翻译为Since the teacher assigned us this research paper at the beginning of the semester。主句为“我就一直在图书馆收集相关资料”，使用主谓宾结构。“我”为主语；“收集”为动词，用collect表示，且该动作从过去（老师布置论文）开始一直持续到现在，应使用现在完成进行时；“相关资料”为宾语，其中“相关”用形容词relevant作定语，“资料”用名词material，表达该意时为可数名词，此处用其复数形式materials表示泛指；“在图书馆”为介词短语in the library。因此，主句翻译为I have been collecting relevant materials in the library。故全句翻译为Since the teacher assigned us this research paper at the beginning of the semester, I have been collecting relevant materials in the library. 90. 虽然这是我第四次组织学校活动了，但这一突发状况还是增加了顺利组织活动的难度。 (add) （汉译英） __________________________________________________ 【答案】Although this is the fourth time that I have organized school activities the sudden situation has added to the difficulty of organizing activities smoothly. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型和动词短语。“虽然”使用although引导让步状语从句，“这是第……次做某事”描述一个事实，使用一般现在时，使用固定句型this is the...time that...，that从句使用现在完成时，“组织学校活动”使用动词短语organize school activities；“这一突发状况还是增加了顺利组织活动的难度”描述过去发生的事情对现在的影响，使用现在完成时，“突发状况”译为名词短语sudden situation，“增加”使用动词短语add to，“顺利”使用副词smoothly，“组织活动的难度”译为名词短语the difficulty of organizing activities smoothly，故翻译为：Although this is the fourth time that I have organized school activities, the sudden situation has added to the difficulty of organizing activities smoothly. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $