Unit5 A delicate world.词汇拓展短语背记（二）-2025-2026学年高中英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册

该高中英语单元知识清单系统梳理了“Unit 5 A Delicate World”中的词汇与短语拓展内容，涵盖溶解现象、养分吸收、比较表达、草本植物、生物多样性等八大主题范畴，构建了从基础释义到语境应用的阶梯式学习支架，助力学生实现语言输入到输出的转化。 清单通过分类归纳、难度分级和语境关联等方式呈现知识体系，如将“dissolve in water”与“dissolve slowly”对比标注为易混点，并附带记忆口诀“糖溶快，药缓释”，强化理解与运用。特别设计“高频短语应用场景提示”和“核心句型结构图”，帮助学生建立逻辑联系，提升思维品质和语言能力。教师可据此精准定位教学重难点，学生则能自主查漏补缺，高效达成语言学习目标。

UNIT 5 A delicate world.词汇拓展短语背记（二） 序号 短语或句型 意思 例句（中英对照） 1 dissolve in water 溶于水 1. Salt dissolves easily in water.（盐容易溶于水。）2. Sugar dissolves in water to form a sweet solution.（糖溶于水形成甜味溶液。） 2 dissolve sugar 溶解糖 1. She used a spoon to stir and dissolve the sugar in the coffee.（她用勺子搅拌，让糖在咖啡中溶解。）2. Hot water helps dissolve sugar faster than cold water.（热水比冷水帮助溶解糖更快。） 3 dissolve slowly 缓慢溶解 1. The tablet dissolves slowly in the liquid, releasing medicine gradually.（药片在液体中缓慢溶解，逐渐释放药物。）2. This type of salt dissolves slowly, so it’s good for long-cooked dishes.（这种盐溶解缓慢，适合长时间炖煮的菜肴。） 4 essential nutrients 必需养分 1. Fruits and vegetables provide essential nutrients for our bodies.（水果和蔬菜为我们的身体提供必需养分。）2. Children need more essential nutrients like calcium to grow.（儿童需要更多钙等必需养分来生长发育。） 5 plant nutrients 植物养分 1. Fertilizers can supply plant nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus.（肥料能提供氮、磷等植物养分。）2. The soil in this area is poor in plant nutrients, so crops grow slowly.（这个地区的土壤缺乏植物养分，所以庄稼长得慢。） 6 absorb nutrients 吸收养分 1. Plant roots absorb nutrients and water from the soil.（植物的根从土壤中吸收养分和水分。）2. Our intestines absorb nutrients from the food we eat.（我们的肠道从吃的食物中吸收养分。） 7 make a comparison 做比较 1. The teacher asked us to make a comparison between the two poems.（老师让我们对这两首诗做比较。）2. Before buying a phone, it’s wise to make a comparison of different brands.（买手机前，对不同品牌做比较是明智的。） 8 in comparison with 与……比较 1. In comparison with last year, our sales have increased by 20%.（与去年比较，我们的销售额增长了20%。）2. In comparison with cities, the air in the countryside is fresher.（与城市比较，农村的空气更清新。） 9 comparison between A and B A与B的比较 1. The comparison between traditional schools and online schools is often discussed.（传统学校与在线学校的比较经常被讨论。）2. There’s a clear comparison between his work this year and last year—he’s improved a lot.（他今年和去年的工作有明显比较——他进步了很多。） 10 visual effects 视觉效果 1. The visual effects in this science fiction movie are amazing.（这部科幻电影的视觉效果令人惊叹。）2. The designer added special visual effects to make the poster more attractive.（设计师添加了特殊视觉效果，让海报更吸引人。） 11 visual aids 视觉辅助工具（如PPT） 1. Teachers often use visual aids like PPTs to make classes more interesting.（老师常使用PPT等视觉辅助工具让课堂更有趣。）2. The speaker prepared charts as visual aids to explain the data.（演讲者准备了图表作为视觉辅助工具来解释数据。） 12 visual information 视觉信息 1. Our brains process visual information like images faster than text.（我们的大脑处理图像等视觉信息比文字快。）2. The museum uses videos and pictures to present visual information about history.（博物馆用视频和图片呈现关于历史的视觉信息。） 13 training session 培训课 1. We have a two-hour training session on computer skills every Friday.（我们每周五有一节两小时的计算机技能培训课。）2. The new employees attended a training session to learn about company rules.（新员工参加了培训课，学习公司制度。） 14 meeting session 会议场次 1. The morning meeting session lasted for one and a half hours.（上午的会议场次持续了一个半小时。）2. We need to prepare materials for tomorrow’s meeting session.（我们需要为明天的会议场次准备材料。） 15 one-hour session 一小时的时间 1. The students have a one-hour session of English reading every morning.（学生们每天早上有一小时的英语阅读时间。）2. I booked a one-hour session with the doctor to talk about my health.（我预约了一小时的时间和医生讨论我的健康问题。） 16 on behalf of sb. 代表某人 1. He accepted the award on behalf of the whole class.（他代表全班领取了奖项。）2. My mother signed the document on behalf of my absent father.（妈妈代表缺席的爸爸签署了文件。） 17 speak on behalf of 代表……发言 1. She spoke on behalf of the students to put forward suggestions.（她代表学生发言，提出建议。）2. The manager spoke on behalf of the company to apologize for the mistake.（经理代表公司为失误道歉。） 18 act on behalf of 代表……行动 1. The lawyer acted on behalf of his client to handle the legal case.（律师代表当事人处理这个法律案件。）2. He acted on behalf of the team to negotiate with the organizer.（他代表团队与组织者谈判。） 19 herbal tea 花草茶 1. I like drinking mint herbal tea in summer—it’s cool and refreshing.（我夏天喜欢喝薄荷花草茶，清凉爽口。）2. Her grandmother makes homemade herbal tea with chrysanthemums.（她奶奶用菊花泡制自制花草茶。） 20 herbal medicine 草药 1. This herbal medicine is used to relieve cough and sore throat.（这种草药用于缓解咳嗽和喉咙痛。）2. Many people believe that herbal medicine has fewer side effects.（很多人认为草药的副作用更少。） 21 herbal products 草本产品 1. The store sells herbal products like herbal soap and herbal shampoo.（这家店售卖草本肥皂、草本洗发水等草本产品。）2. She prefers to use herbal products because they are made from natural ingredients.（她更喜欢用草本产品，因为它们由天然成分制成。） 22 mysterious place 神秘的地方 1. The ancient temple hidden in the mountains is a mysterious place.（藏在山里的古老寺庙是个神秘的地方。）2. He wrote a story about a boy who explored a mysterious place in the forest.（他写了一个关于男孩探索森林中神秘地方的故事。） 23 mysterious event 神秘事件 1. No one could explain the mysterious event of the lights going out suddenly.（没人能解释灯突然熄灭的神秘事件。）2. The newspaper reported a mysterious event where a ship disappeared at sea.（报纸报道了一起船只在海上失踪的神秘事件。） 24 look mysterious 看起来神秘 1. He wore a hat and sunglasses, looking mysterious.（他戴着帽子和墨镜，看起来很神秘。）2. She smiled and said nothing, which made her look even more mysterious.（她微笑着不说话，这让她看起来更神秘了。） 25 social status 社会地位 1. In ancient China, scholars had a high social status.（在中国古代，文人的社会地位很高。）2. Social status shouldn’t be judged by how much money a person has.（不应以金钱多少来评判一个人的社会地位。） 26 legal status 法律地位 1. The new policy will improve the legal status of part-time workers.（新政策将提高兼职工作者的法律地位。）2. We need to confirm the legal status of this organization before cooperating with it.（与该组织合作前，我们需要确认它的法律地位。） 27 improve status 提高地位 1. She worked hard to improve her professional status in the company.（她努力工作，提高自己在公司的职业地位。）2. Learning new skills is a good way to improve your status in the job market.（学习新技能是提高你在就业市场地位的好方法。） 28 evaluation criterion 评价标准 1. The evaluation criterion for this project includes creativity and practicality.（这个项目的评价标准包括创新性和实用性。）2. Teachers should explain the evaluation criterion to students clearly.（老师应向学生清楚解释评价标准。） 29 selection criterion 选拔标准 1. The main selection criterion for this competition is talent and effort.（这场比赛的主要选拔标准是才华和努力。）2. The company has strict selection criteria for new employees.（该公司对新员工有严格的选拔标准。） 30 meet the criterion 符合标准 1. His design meets the criterion of environmental protection, so it was selected.（他的设计符合环保标准，因此被选中。）2. You need to score at least 80 points to meet the criterion for passing the exam.（你需要至少得80分才能符合考试及格标准。） 31 prosper economically 经济兴旺 1. The city has prospered economically since the new port was built.（自从新港口建成后，这座城市经济兴旺起来。）2. Small towns can also prosper economically by developing local tourism.（小城镇也能通过发展本地旅游业实现经济兴旺。） 32 business prosper 生意兴隆 1. His restaurant has prospered since he improved the service quality.（自从改善服务质量后，他的餐馆生意兴隆。）2. The store’s business prospered during the holiday season.（这家商店在节假日期间生意兴隆。） 33 prosper rapidly 迅速兴旺 1. The technology industry in this area has prospered rapidly in recent years.（近年来，这个地区的科技产业迅速兴旺。）2. With the support of the government, local agriculture has prospered rapidly.（在政府支持下，本地农业迅速兴旺起来。） 34 rare animal 稀有动物 1. The giant panda is a rare animal that only lives in China.（大熊猫是仅生活在中国的稀有动物。）2. We should protect rare animals from being hunted.（我们应保护稀有动物不被猎杀。） 35 rare plant 稀有植物 1. This rare plant can only grow in cool and humid mountains.（这种稀有植物只能在凉爽潮湿的山区生长。）2. The botanical garden has a special area for growing rare plants.（植物园有专门区域种植稀有植物。） 36 rare opportunity 难得的机会 1. Studying abroad is a rare opportunity for many students.（出国留学对很多学生来说是难得的机会。）2. Don’t miss this rare opportunity to meet the famous scientist.（别错过这个见到著名科学家的难得机会。） 37 biological research 生物研究 1. This laboratory focuses on biological research related to cancer treatment.（这个实验室专注于与癌症治疗相关的生物研究。）2. She decided to study biology in college to do biological research in the future.（她决定在大学学生物，未来从事生物研究。） 38 biological clock 生物钟 1. Staying up late for a long time will disrupt your biological clock.（长期熬夜会打乱你的生物钟。）2. Our biological clock tells us when to sleep and when to wake up.（我们的生物钟告诉我们何时睡觉、何时醒来。） 39 biological diversity 生物多样性 1. Protecting forests is important for maintaining biological diversity.（保护森林对维持生物多样性很重要。）2. The loss of biological diversity will affect the balance of the ecosystem.（生物多样性的丧失会影响生态系统的平衡。） 40 apparently true 似乎真实 1. The news seems apparently true, but we need to check the source.（这个消息似乎真实，但我们需要核实来源。）2. His explanation sounds apparently true, but there are still some doubts.（他的解释听起来似乎真实，但仍有一些疑问。） 41 apparently happy 似乎开心 1. She was smiling, but she didn’t look apparently happy.（她在笑，但看起来似乎并不开心。）2. He talked and laughed with others, appearing apparently happy.（他和别人有说有笑，似乎很开心。） 42 apparently easy 似乎容易 1. This math problem looks apparently easy, but it’s actually very difficult.（这道数学题看起来似乎容易，其实很难。）2. Learning a language seems apparently easy at first, but it takes a lot of practice.（学习语言起初似乎容易，但需要大量练习。） 43 vast ocean 广阔的海洋 1. Ships sail across the vast ocean to deliver goods to different countries.（轮船穿越广阔的海洋，将货物运送到不同国家。）2. The vast ocean is home to many kinds of marine creatures.（广阔的海洋是多种海洋生物的家园。） 44 vast land 广阔的土地 1. China has a vast land with different climates and landscapes.（中国有广阔的土地，拥有不同的气候和地貌。）2. Farmers work on the vast land to grow crops for people.（农民在广阔的土地上耕作，为人们种植庄稼。） 45 vast majority 绝大多数 1. The vast majority of students support the new school rule.（绝大多数学生支持新的校规。）2. The vast majority of people in this country like drinking tea.（这个国家的绝大多数人喜欢喝茶。） 46 high altitude 高海拔 1. People may feel sick at high altitude because of the thin air.（在高海拔地区，人们可能因空气稀薄而感到不适。）2. Many rare plants grow well at high altitude.（很多稀有植物在高海拔地区生长良好。） 47 altitude sickness 高原反应 1. He suffered from altitude sickness when he climbed the mountain.（他爬山时出现了高原反应。）2. Drinking more water can help prevent altitude sickness.（多喝水能帮助预防高原反应。） 48 at an altitude of 在……海拔高度 1. The village is located at an altitude of 2000 meters above sea level.（这个村庄位于海拔2000米处。）2. The plane flew at an altitude of 10000 meters.（这架飞机在海拔10000米的高度飞行。） 49 variation in temperature 温度差异 1. There is a big variation in temperature between day and night in the desert.（沙漠地区昼夜温差很大。）2. This region has a small variation in temperature throughout the year.（这个地区全年温度差异很小。） 50 genetic variation 遗传变异 1. Genetic variation is the basis for biological evolution.（遗传变异是生物进化的基础。）2. Scientists study genetic variation to understand how species adapt to the environment.（科学家研究遗传变异，以了解物种如何适应环境。） 51 small variation 微小差异 1. There is only a small variation between the two products—they are almost the same.（这两种产品只有微小差异，几乎一样。）2. The small variation in color doesn’t affect the quality of the cloth.（颜色上的微小差异不影响布料的质量。） 52 thrive in water 在水中茁壮成长 1. Rice plants thrive in water, so they are often grown in paddies.（水稻在水中茁壮成长，因此常种植在稻田里。）2. Lotus flowers thrive in water and look very beautiful.（荷花在水中茁壮成长，看起来很漂亮。） 53 plants thrive 植物茁壮成长 1. Plants thrive in spring when the weather is warm and rainy.（春天天气温暖多雨，植物茁壮成长。）2. With proper care, these potted plants will thrive.（只要照料得当，这些盆栽植物会茁壮成长。） 54 thrive in warm weather 在温暖天气里茁壮成长 1. Tomatoes thrive in warm weather, so they are planted in summer.（西红柿在温暖天气里茁壮成长，因此在夏天种植。）2. These tropical plants thrive in warm weather and can’t stand cold.（这些热带植物在温暖天气里茁壮成长，不耐寒。） 55 fossil fuels 化石燃料 1. Coal, oil and natural gas are all fossil fuels.（煤、石油和天然气都是化石燃料。）2. Burning too many fossil fuels causes air pollution.（燃烧过多化石燃料会造成空气污染。） 56 ancient fossils 古老化石 1. Scientists found ancient fossils of dinosaurs in this area.（科学家在这个地区发现了恐龙的古老化石。）2. The museum displays ancient fossils that are millions of years old.（博物馆展出了数百万年前的古老化石。） 57 discover fossils 发现化石 1. A group of students helped discover fossils during their field trip.（一群学生在实地考察时帮忙发现了化石。）2. He spent years searching the mountain to discover rare fossils.（他花了多年时间在山里搜寻，以发现稀有化石。） 58 floral pattern 花卉图案 1. This dress has a beautiful floral pattern with roses and lilies.（这条裙子有漂亮的花卉图案，印着玫瑰和百合。）2. She decorated the room with curtains that have a light floral pattern.（她用带有浅色花卉图案的窗帘装饰房间。） 59 floral arrangement 插花 1. She learned how to make a floral arrangement in her art class.（她在美术课上学了如何插花。）2. The hotel placed a beautiful floral arrangement in the lobby.（酒店在大堂摆放了一个漂亮的插花。） 60 floral scent 花香 1. The floral scent of jasmine filled the room.（茉莉的花香弥漫了整个房间。）2. She likes this perfume because it has a soft floral scent.（她喜欢这款香水，因为它有淡淡的花香。） 61 mammalian vertebrates 哺乳脊椎动物 1. Dogs, cats and elephants are all mammalian vertebrates.（狗、猫和大象都是哺乳脊椎动物。）2. Mammalian vertebrates feed their babies with milk from their bodies.（哺乳脊椎动物用自身的乳汁喂养幼崽。） 62 aquatic vertebrates 水生脊椎动物 1. Fish and dolphins are common aquatic vertebrates.（鱼和海豚是常见的水生脊椎动物。）2. Aquatic vertebrates have different ways to breathe underwater.（水生脊椎动物有不同的水下呼吸方式。） 63 study vertebrates 研究脊椎动物 1. This university has a lab where scientists study vertebrates’ behavior.（这所大学有一个实验室，科学家在那里研究脊椎动物的行为。）2. She chose to study vertebrates because she is interested in animal evolution.（她选择研究脊椎动物，因为她对动物进化感兴趣。） 64 build a beehive 筑蜂房 1. Bees work together to build a beehive with wax.（蜜蜂一起用蜂蜡筑蜂房。）2. It takes bees several weeks to build a new beehive.（蜜蜂需要几周时间筑一个新蜂房。） 65 beehive in a tree 树上的蜂房 1. We found a beehive in a big tree in the park.（我们在公园的一棵大树上发现了一个蜂房。）2. Bees often build beehives in trees to stay safe from predators.（蜜蜂常在树上筑蜂房，以躲避天敌。） 66 collect honey from beehive 从蜂房采蜜 1. Beekeepers wear special clothes to collect honey from beehives.（养蜂人穿特殊服装从蜂房采蜜。）2. They collect honey from beehives only when there is enough honey stored.（只有当蜂房里储存了足够的蜂蜜时，他们才会采蜜。） 67 endangered species 濒危物种 1. The giant panda is one of the most famous endangered species in the world.（大熊猫是世界上最著名的濒危物种之一。）2. We need to take action to protect endangered species from extinction.（我们需要采取行动保护濒危物种免于灭绝。） 68 endangered animals 濒危动物 1. Many endangered animals lose their homes because of deforestation.（许多濒危动物因森林砍伐失去家园。）2. The zoo participates in a program to protect endangered animals.（这家动物园参与了一个保护濒危动物的项目。） 69 protect endangered plants 保护濒危植物 1. The government has set up reserves to protect endangered plants.（政府建立了保护区来保护濒危植物。）2. We should not pick wild flowers, especially endangered plants.（我们不应采摘野花，尤其是濒危植物。） 70 look elsewhere 去别处找 1. This store doesn’t have the book I want, so I’ll look elsewhere.（这家商店没有我想要的书，所以我去别处找。）2. If you can’t find the key here, try looking elsewhere.（如果你在这里找不到钥匙，试试去别处找。） 71 live elsewhere 住在别处 1. His parents moved to another city last year, so they live elsewhere now.（他的父母去年搬到了另一个城市，现在住在别处。）2. She plans to live elsewhere after graduating from college to experience different life.（她计划大学毕业后住在别处，体验不同的生活。） 72 work elsewhere 在别处工作 1. He used to work in Beijing, but now he works elsewhere.（他以前在北京工作，现在在别处工作。）2. The company opened a new branch, so some employees were sent to work elsewhere.（公司开了一家新分公司，所以一些员工被派去别处工作。） 73 invasion of pests 害虫涌入 1. The invasion of pests destroyed a lot of crops in the village.（害虫涌入摧毁了村里的很多庄稼。）2. Farmers use pesticides to prevent the invasion of pests.（农民用杀虫剂防止害虫涌入。） 74 invasion of tourists 游客涌入 1. The small town can’t handle the invasion of tourists during holidays.（这个小镇在节假日期间无法应对游客涌入。）2. The invasion of tourists has brought both benefits and problems to the area.（游客涌入给这个地区带来了好处，也带来了问题。） 75 prevent invasion 防止涌入 1. The government built a fence to prevent the invasion of wild animals.（政府建了围栏防止野生动物涌入。）2. We need to take measures to prevent the invasion of harmful species.（我们需要采取措施防止有害物种涌入。） 76 coexist peacefully 和平共存 1. People of different ethnic groups should coexist peacefully.（不同民族的人们应和平共存。）2. Countries with different cultures can coexist peacefully and learn from each other.（不同文化的国家可以和平共存，互相学习。） 77 coexist with nature 与自然共存 1. Human beings must learn to coexist with nature instead of destroying it.（人类必须学会与自然共存，而不是破坏它。）2. This community promotes a lifestyle that coexists with nature.（这个社区倡导与自然共存的生活方式。） 78 coexist harmoniously 和谐共存 1. All living things on Earth should coexist harmoniously to maintain ecological balance.（地球上所有生物应和谐共存，以维持生态平衡。）2. Neighbors should help each other and coexist harmoniously.（邻里之间应互相帮助，和谐共存。） 79 secure place 安全的地方 1. Please put your valuables in a secure place.（请把贵重物品放在安全的地方。）2. The safe in the bank is a very secure place to store money.（银行的保险柜是存放钱的非常安全的地方。） 80 feel secure 感到安全 1. Children feel secure when their parents are around.（父母在身边时，孩子会感到安全。）2. Living in a community with good security makes people feel secure.（住在安保良好的社区里，人们会感到安全。） 81 secure future 稳定的未来 1. A good education can help you build a secure future.（良好的教育能帮助你构建稳定的未来。）2. He works hard every day to give his family a secure future.（他每天努力工作，为家人创造稳定的未来。） 82 warm greeting 热情的问候 1. She gave me a warm greeting when we met at the party.（我们在派对上见面时，她给了我热情的问候。）2. The teacher’s warm greeting made the new student feel welcome.（老师热情的问候让新学生感到受欢迎。） 83 exchange greetings 互相问候 1. Teachers and students exchange greetings every morning at school.（每天早上在学校，老师和学生互相问候。）2. Neighbors often exchange greetings when they meet in the neighborhood.（邻里们在小区里见面时，经常互相问候。） 84 morning greeting 早晨的问候 1. My mother always gives me a morning greeting before I go to school.（我妈妈总是在我上学前给我早晨的问候。）2. The radio program starts with a cheerful morning greeting.（这个广播节目以愉快的早晨问候开始。） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $