Unit4 Breaking boundaries.同步词汇笔记-2025-2026学年高中英语外研版(2019)选择性必修第二册
2025-09-22
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资源信息
| 学段 | 高中 |
| 学科 | 英语 |
| 教材版本 | 高中英语外研版选择性必修第二册 |
| 年级 | 高二 |
| 章节 | Unit 4 Breaking Boundaries |
| 类型 | 学案-知识清单 |
| 知识点 | - |
| 使用场景 | 同步教学-单元练习 |
| 学年 | 2025-2026 |
| 地区(省份) | 全国 |
| 地区(市) | - |
| 地区(区县) | - |
| 文件格式 | DOCX |
| 文件大小 | 45 KB |
| 发布时间 | 2025-09-22 |
| 更新时间 | 2025-09-22 |
| 作者 | 匿名 |
| 品牌系列 | - |
| 审核时间 | 2025-09-22 |
| 下载链接 | https://m.zxxk.com/soft/54028391.html |
| 价格 | 1.00储值(1储值=1元) |
| 来源 | 学科网 |
|---|
摘要:
该高中英语Unit 4“Breaking boundaries”词汇清单系统梳理了56个核心单词及短语,涵盖边界、统计、协助、挑战、疾病防控、奉献精神等主题范畴,构建了从基础词义到语境应用、从单个词汇到派生拓展的立体化学习支架,助力学生实现语言知识的结构化积累。
清单通过分类整理、分级标注和语境关联等方式呈现知识体系,如将“vital”“combat”“devotion”等高频难点标为“重点词汇”,并配以“记忆口诀”“例句情境化提示”等实用设计,强化语言能力与思维品质的融合提升。例如,“in vain”附带“徒劳努力”的生活化例句,帮助学生理解抽象含义;“collaborate”与“joint effort”形成搭配对比表,促进文化意识中合作精神的理解。此清单既便于学生自主复习时快速定位重难点,又为教师提供清晰的教学抓手,有效支持差异化教学与高效课堂实施。
内容正文:
UNIT 4 Breaking boundaries.同步词汇笔记
序号
单词
派生词)
核心考点
单词速记
例句
1
boundary /ˈbaʊnd(ə)ri/ n. 分界线;边界
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. national boundary(国界)2. boundary between A and B(A与B之间的界限)
“划分界限的线”
The river forms a natural boundary between the two neighboring countries.(这条河是两个邻国之间的天然分界线。)
2
statistic /stəˈtɪstɪk/ n.(一项)统计数据
statistics /stəˈtɪstɪks/ n. 统计学;统计数据(复数)
1. collect statistics(收集统计数据)2. official statistics(官方统计数据)
“单个统计数据”
The statistic from the government shows that the unemployment rate has dropped.(政府发布的统计数据显示失业率有所下降。)
3
assist /əˈsɪst/ v. 协助,帮助
1. assistance /əˈsɪstəns/ n. 协助2. assistant /əˈsɪstənt/ n. 助手
assist sb with sth(帮助某人做某事,如assist with homework)
“帮忙、协助”
The volunteer offered to assist the elderly with their shopping.(志愿者主动帮忙老人购物。)
4
tackle /ˈtæk(ə)l/ v. 处理,对付(难题)
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. tackle a problem(处理问题,如tackle pollution)2. tackle challenges(应对挑战)
“处理难题”
The new policy is designed to tackle the problem of traffic congestion.(新政策旨在解决交通拥堵问题。)
5
vital /ˈvaɪtl/ adj. 极其重要的
vitality /vaɪˈtæləti/ n. 活力
be vital to(对……极其重要,如vital to life)
“至关重要的”
Clean water is vital to the survival of all living organisms.(清洁的水对所有生物的生存至关重要。)
6
comrade /ˈkɒmrəd/ n. 同志;朋友
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. comrade in arms(战友)2. close comrade(亲密的朋友)
“同志、朋友”
He and his comrades in arms shared many difficult moments during the war.(他和战友们在战争中共同经历了许多艰难时刻。)
7
tragic /ˈtrædʒɪk/ adj. 悲惨的,不幸的
tragedy /ˈtrædʒədi/ n. 悲剧
1. tragic event(悲惨事件,如tragic accident)2. tragic ending(悲惨结局)
“悲惨的、不幸的”
The tragic story of the lost child touched the hearts of many people.(这个失踪孩子的悲惨故事打动了很多人。)
8
Ebola /ɪˈbəʊlə/ n. 埃博拉病毒
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
Ebola virus(埃博拉病毒)
“埃博拉病毒”
Scientists have been researching ways to prevent the spread of the Ebola virus.(科学家一直在研究防止埃博拉病毒传播的方法。)
9
combat /ˈkɒmbæt/ v. 防止,抑制;n. 战斗
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. combat diseases(防治疾病,如combat flu)2. combat poverty(消除贫困)
“防止、抑制;战斗”
Local governments are taking actions to combat the spread of infectious diseases.(地方政府正采取行动防治传染病传播。)
10
relieve /rɪˈliːv/ v. 给(某人)换班;缓解
relief /rɪˈliːf/ n. 缓解;救济
1. relieve sb of duty(给某人换班)2. relieve pain(缓解疼痛)
“换班、缓解”
A new nurse came to relieve her of duty after she worked for 12 hours.(她工作12小时后,一名新护士来给她换班。)
11
specialist /ˈspeʃ(ə)lɪst/ n. 专家
1. specialize /ˈspeʃəlaɪz/ v. 专门研究2. special /ˈspeʃl/ adj. 特别的
1. medical specialist(医学专家)2. specialist in sth(某领域专家,如specialist in physics)
“某领域专家”
We invited a specialist in environmental science to give a lecture at school.(我们邀请了一位环境科学专家来学校做讲座。)
12
infectious /ɪnˈfekʃəs/ adj. 传染性的
1. infect /ɪnˈfekt/ v. 传染2. infection /ɪnˈfekʃn/ n. 感染
infectious disease(传染病,如infectious flu)
“有传染性的”
The doctor warned that this type of flu is highly infectious.(医生警告这种流感传染性很强。)
13
clinic /ˈklɪnɪk/ n. 诊所;门诊部
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. medical clinic(医疗诊所)2. dental clinic(牙科诊所)
“诊所、门诊部”
I go to the community clinic for a regular health check every six months.(我每六个月去社区诊所做一次常规体检。)
14
disinfect /ˌdɪsɪnˈfekt/ v. 为……消毒,给……杀菌
disinfection /ˌdɪsɪnˈfekʃn/ n. 消毒
1. disinfect surfaces(给表面消毒)2. disinfect medical tools(给医疗工具杀菌)
“消毒、杀菌”
The nurse disinfected the patient's wound before applying the bandage.(护士给病人的伤口消毒后再包扎。)
15
outbreak /ˈaʊtbreɪk/ n. 爆发,突然发生
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. outbreak of a disease(疾病爆发,如outbreak of COVID-19)2. outbreak of violence(暴力事件爆发)
“突然爆发”
The local government quickly responded to the outbreak of the new disease.(地方政府迅速应对这种新疾病的爆发。)
16
devotion /dɪˈvəʊʃ(ə)n/ n. 奉献
1. devote /dɪˈvəʊt/ v. 奉献2. devoted /dɪˈvəʊtɪd/ adj. 忠诚的
devotion to sth(对某事的奉献,如devotion to teaching)
“奉献精神”
Her devotion to helping the poor won her the title of "Model Citizen".(她对帮助穷人的奉献使她获得“模范公民”称号。)
17
vomit /ˈvɒmɪt/ n. 呕吐物;v. 呕吐
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. vomit up(呕吐出,如vomit up food)2. clean up vomit(清理呕吐物)
“呕吐物;呕吐”
The sick child vomited after eating, and his mother cleaned up the vomit immediately.(生病的孩子吃完东西后吐了,妈妈立刻清理了呕吐物。)
18
miracle /ˈmɪrək(ə)l/ n. 意外的幸运事;奇迹
miraculous /mɪˈrækjələs/ adj. 奇迹般的
work a miracle(创造奇迹,如work a miracle in treatment)
“奇迹、幸运事”
It was a miracle that he survived the serious car accident.(他在严重的车祸中幸存下来,真是个奇迹。)
19
van /væn/ n. 小型货车
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. delivery van(送货车)2. cargo van(货运小货车)
“小型货车”
The supermarket uses a van to deliver groceries to customers' homes.(超市用小型货车给顾客家配送食品杂货。)
20
twin /twɪn/ adj. 双胞胎的;n. 双胞胎之一
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. twin sisters/brothers(双胞胎姐妹/兄弟)2. twin cities(双子城,如Beijing-Tianjin)
“双胞胎的;双胞胎”
She and her twin sister look almost identical, so it's hard to tell them apart.(她和双胞胎妹妹长得几乎一样,很难区分。)
21
ward /wɔːd/ n. 病房;选区
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. hospital ward(医院病房,如general ward)2. patient ward(病患病房)
“病房、选区”
The old man was moved to a quieter ward to help him recover better.(老人被转移到更安静的病房,以便更好地康复。)
22
compensate /ˈkɒmpenseɪt/ v. 弥补,补偿
compensation /ˌkɒmpenˈseɪʃn/ n. 补偿;赔偿金
compensate sb for sth(因某事补偿某人,如compensate for loss)
“弥补、补偿”
The company promised to compensate the customers for the damaged products.(公司承诺为损坏的产品向顾客作出补偿。)
23
collaborate /kəˈlæbəreɪt/ v. 合作,协作
collaboration /kəˌlæbəˈreɪʃn/ n. 合作
collaborate with sb(与某人合作,如collaborate with scientists)
“合作、协作”
The two universities decided to collaborate on a research project about climate change.(两所大学决定合作开展一项关于气候变化的研究项目。)
24
realistic /ˌriːəˈlɪstɪk/ adj.(目标、希望)能够实现的;现实的
realism /ˈriːəlɪzəm/ n. 现实主义
1. be realistic about(对……现实,如realistic about goals)2. realistic plan(切实可行的计划)
“现实的、可实现的”
We need to make a realistic plan that we can finish within a month.(我们需要制定一个能在一个月内完成的切实可行的计划。)
25
minority /maɪˈnɒrəti/ n. 少数派;少数
minor /ˈmaɪnə(r)/ adj. 少数的;次要的
1. the minority(少数派,如the minority of voters)2. ethnic minority(少数民族)
“少数、少数派”
Only a minority of students chose to study art instead of science.(只有少数学生选择学艺术而非理科。)
26
cast /kɑːst/ v. 选派(角色);投射(光、影);n. 全体演员
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. cast sb as(选派某人扮演,如cast as the hero)2. the cast of a film(电影全体演员)
“选角、投射;全体演员”
The director cast a young actor as the lead role in his new film.(导演选派一名年轻演员在他的新电影中扮演主角。)
27
mankind /ˌmænˈkaɪnd/ n. 人类
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. the future of mankind(人类的未来)2. benefit mankind(造福人类)
“人类”
Scientific and technological progress has greatly improved the quality of life for mankind.(科技进步极大地提高了人类的生活质量。)
28
inclusive /ɪnˈkluːsɪv/ adj. 包容广阔的;包含的
inclusion /ɪnˈkluːʒn/ n. 包含;包容
1. be inclusive of(包含……,如inclusive of all ages)2. inclusive culture(包容的文化)
“包容的、包含的”
The school strives to create an inclusive environment where every student feels welcome.(学校努力营造包容的环境,让每个学生都有归属感。)
29
culture shock 文化冲击
无(短语)
1. experience culture shock(经历文化冲击)2. overcome culture shock(克服文化冲击)
“文化冲击”
Many international students experience culture shock when they first study abroad.(许多留学生初到国外学习时会经历文化冲击。)
30
joint /dʒɔɪnt/ adj. 联合的,共同的;n. 关节
jointly /ˈdʒɔɪntli/ adv. 共同地
1. joint effort(共同努力,如joint effort to help)2. joint project(联合项目)
“联合的、共同的;关节”
The two companies made a joint investment in building a new factory.(两家公司共同投资建设一座新工厂。)
31
harmonious /hɑːˈməʊniəs/ adj. 和睦的,融洽的;和谐的
harmony /ˈhɑːməni/ n. 和谐;和睦
1. harmonious relationship(和睦的关系,如family relationship)2. harmonious society(和谐社会)
“和睦的、和谐的”
People in this neighborhood live in a harmonious atmosphere and help each other.(这个社区的居民生活在和睦的氛围中,互相帮助。)
32
mutual /ˈmjuːtʃuəl/ adj. 共有的,共同的;相互的
mutually /ˈmjuːtʃuəli/ adv. 相互地
1. mutual understanding(相互理解)2. mutual benefit(互利,如mutual benefit cooperation)
“相互的、共同的”
They have a mutual respect for each other's professional skills.(他们相互尊重对方的专业技能。)
33
rewarding /rɪˈwɔːdɪŋ/ adj. 值得做的,有意义的
reward /rɪˈwɔːd/ n. 奖励;v. 奖励
be rewarding to do sth(做某事有意义,如rewarding to volunteer)
“值得的、有意义的”
Volunteering in the animal shelter is a rewarding experience for me.(在动物收容所做志愿者对我来说是有意义的经历。)
34
mount /maʊnt/ v. 走上,登上;安装;n. 山峰
mountain /ˈmaʊntən/ n. 山
1. mount the stage(登上舞台)2. mount a painting(装裱画)
“登上、安装;山峰”
The award-winning student mounted the stage to receive her certificate.(获奖学生登上舞台领取证书。)
35
civil /ˈsɪv(ə)l/ adj. 公民的,国民的;民事的
civilization /ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ n. 文明
1. civil rights(公民权利)2. civil law(民法)
“公民的、民事的”
Every citizen should abide by civil laws and respect others' rights.(每个公民都应遵守民法,尊重他人权利。)
36
civil war 内战
无(短语)
1. break out a civil war(爆发内战)2. end a civil war(结束内战)
“内战”
The country suffered a long civil war which destroyed its economy.(这个国家经历了长期内战,经济遭到破坏。)
37
slave /sleɪv/ n. 奴隶;v. 拼命工作
slavery /ˈsleɪvəri/ n. 奴隶制
1. slave trade(奴隶贸易)2. abolish slavery(废除奴隶制)
“奴隶;拼命工作”
Slavery was abolished in the United States in the 19th century.(美国在19世纪废除了奴隶制。)
38
confederate /kənˈfed(ə)rət/ adj.(美国内战期间)南部联邦的;n. 同盟者
confederation /kənˌfedəˈreɪʃn/ n. 同盟
Confederate States(美国内战期间的南部联邦各州)
“南部联邦的;同盟者”
During the American Civil War, the Confederate army fought against the Union army.(美国内战期间,南部联邦军队与联邦军队作战。)
39
union /ˈjuːnjən/ n. 联邦;工会;联合
unite /juˈnaɪt/ v. 联合;团结
1. the Union(美国联邦,内战时期)2. trade union(工会)
“联邦、工会、联合”
The Union won the American Civil War and kept the country united.(联邦政府赢得美国内战,维护了国家统一。)
40
civilian /səˈvɪliən/ adj. 平民的;百姓的;n. 平民
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. civilian life(平民生活)2. civilian population(平民人口)
“平民的;平民”
During the war, many civilians had to leave their homes to seek safety.(战争期间,许多平民不得不离开家园寻求安全。)
41
division /dɪˈvɪʒ(ə)n/ n. 分歧,分裂;部门
divide /dɪˈvaɪd/ v. 分开;分裂
1. division between people(人与人之间的分歧)2. sales division(销售部门)
“分歧、分裂;部门”
The division of opinions among the team members delayed the project.(团队成员间的意见分歧延误了项目进度。)
42
bring forth 使产生,使出现
无(短语)
1. bring forth new ideas(产生新想法)2. bring forth changes(带来变化)
“产生、出现”
The discussion brought forth many practical suggestions for improving the school.(这次讨论为改善学校提出了许多切实可行的建议。)
43
conceive /kənˈsiːv/ v. 构想,设想;怀孕
conception /kənˈsepʃn/ n. 构想;概念
conceive of(构想、设想,如conceive of a plan)
“构想、设想;怀孕”
She conceived the idea of opening a bookstore after traveling to many cities.(在游历多个城市后,她构想了开一家书店的想法。)
44
liberty /ˈlɪbəti/ n. 自由
liberal /ˈlɪbərəl/ adj. 自由的;开明的
1. personal liberty(个人自由)2. liberty to do sth(做某事的自由,如liberty to speak)
“自由”
Citizens have the liberty to express their opinions freely under the law.(公民在法律范围内有自由表达意见的权利。)
45
endure /ɪnˈdjʊə/ v. 持续存在;忍受
endurance /ɪnˈdjʊərəns/ n. 耐力;持续
1. endure pain(忍受痛苦)2. endure for years(持续多年,如tradition endure)
“持续、忍受”
This ancient tradition has endured for more than 500 years.(这个古老的传统已经延续了500多年。)
46
battlefield /ˈbætlfiːld/ n. 战场
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
on the battlefield(在战场上,如fight on the battlefield)
“战场”
Thousands of soldiers lost their lives on the battlefield during the war.(战争期间,成千上万的士兵在战场上牺牲。)
47
portion /ˈpɔːʃ(ə)n/ n. 一部分;一份
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. a portion of(一部分,如a portion of food)2. portion out(分配,如portion out tasks)
“一部分、一份”
The teacher gave each student a small portion of cake to celebrate the festival.(老师给每个学生分了一小块蛋糕庆祝节日。)
48
altogether /ˌɔːltəˈɡeðə/ adv. 完全;总共
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. altogether different(完全不同)2. altogether 100 people(总共100人)
“完全、总共”
His new idea is altogether different from the previous plans we discussed.(他的新想法与我们之前讨论的计划完全不同。)
49
consecrate /ˈkɒnsɪkreɪt/ v. 宣布……为神圣之处;奉献
consecration /ˌkɒnsɪˈkreɪʃn/ n. 神圣化
consecrate a place(宣布某地为神圣之处,如consecrate a church)
“神圣化、奉献”
The ancient temple was consecrated as a place of worship by local people.(这座古老的寺庙被当地人奉为神圣的礼拜场所。)
50
hallow /ˈhæləʊ/ v. 使成为神圣;n. 圣徒
hallowed /ˈhæləʊd/ adj. 神圣的
hallow a tradition(使传统神圣,如hallow national tradition)
“使神圣;圣徒”
The hallowed ground where the heroes are buried is visited by many people every year.(埋葬英雄的这片神圣土地每年都有许多人前来瞻仰。)
51
detract /dɪˈtrækt/ v. 减低,破坏,损害
detraction /dɪˈtrækʃn/ n. 诋毁
detract from(损害、减低,如detract from reputation)
“损害、减低”
His occasional mistakes do not detract from his great contributions to the team.(他偶尔的失误丝毫不会损害他对团队的重大贡献。)
52
nobly /ˈnəʊbli/ adv. 高尚地,崇高地
noble /ˈnəʊbl/ adj. 高尚的;贵族的
act nobly(行为高尚,如act nobly for justice)
“高尚地、崇高地”
He fought nobly for the freedom and dignity of his people.(他为人民的自由和尊严高尚地战斗。)
53
in vain 白白地,徒劳地
无(短语)
1. try in vain(徒劳尝试,如try in vain to find)2. in vain efforts(徒劳的努力)
“徒劳地、白白地”
They searched for the missing dog in vain for three days.(他们徒劳地寻找了三天那只失踪的狗。)
54
perish /ˈperɪʃ/ v. 死亡;毁灭
perishability /ˌperɪʃəˈbɪləti/ n. 易腐性(少见)
1. perish in a disaster(在灾难中丧生,如perish in flood)2. perish from cold(冻死)
“死亡、毁灭”
Many plants and animals perished in the severe drought last year.(去年的严重干旱导致许多动植物死亡。)
55
influential /ˌɪnfluˈenʃ(ə)l/ adj. 有影响力的
influence /ˈɪnfluəns/ n. 影响;v. 影响
1. influential person(有影响力的人,如influential leader)2. influential work(有影响力的作品)
“有影响力的”
This book by the famous writer has been very influential in shaping people's views.(这位著名作家的这本书对塑造人们的观点产生了很大影响。)
56
communist /ˈkɒmjənɪst/ adj. 共产主义的;n. 共产主义者
communism /ˈkɒmjunɪzəm/ n. 共产主义
communist party(共产党,如the Communist Party of China)
“共产主义的;共产主义者”
China is a communist country that adheres to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.(中国是坚持中国特色社会主义道路的共产主义国家。)
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