Unit2 Be sporty,be healthy Grammar and usage课件-2025-2026学年高中英语译林版必修第二册

该高中英语课件聚焦被动语态在现在进行时和现在完成时中的运用，以“do”为例构建完整时态体系，通过对比主动与被动句式、归纳结构规律、设计情境练习，形成由浅入深的学习支架，帮助学生从认知到应用逐步掌握语法核心要点。 其亮点在于融合语言能力、思维品质与学习能力的培养，如通过真实语境（社区体育中心宣传文案）引导学生分析句子逻辑，强化对“动作发生时间”与“影响结果”的区分，体现思维深度；又如用“be under + 名词”替代部分进行时被动结构，提升语言表达灵活性，展现文化意识中对英语习惯表达的理解。教师可借此高效组织课堂活动，学生则能在任务驱动下实现语法内化，提升综合语言素养。

Unit 2 Grammar and usage Passive voice in the present continuous and present perfect tenses The Tenses of English The classification of verbs Notional Verb Link Verb Auxiliary Verb Modal Verb do do does did doing done to do The explanation of tense 时间 状态 现在 一般 过去 进行 将来 完成 过去将来 完成进行 以do为例 一般式 进行式 完成式 完成进行式 现在时 过去时 将来时 过去将来时 以do为例 一般式 进行式 完成式 完成进行式 现在时 过去时 将来时 过去将来时 do/ does did Will/shall do Would/ Should do Am/is/are doing Were/was doing Will be doing Would be doing Have/has done Had done Will have done Would have done Have/has been doing Had been doing Will have been doing Would have been doing 一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态 We speak English. 主语 谓语 宾语 English is spoken by us. 主语 谓语 宾语 宾变主,主变宾,前加by 主动语态 8 主变被解题步骤: 1. 找宾语 ----即动作的承受者 They make shoes in that factory. Shoes 2. 判断宾语的单复数 ----即be动词的单复数. are were 3. 判断动词的时态 ----即be动词的时态. 4. 修改谓语的时态 ----即原句动词改为过去分词 made 5. 修改原句的主语 ----即by+ 主语/ 宾语. by them in that factory. 9  1. Tom broke the window.      The window was broken by Tom.   2.He broke the windows.      The windows were broken by him. Be要随着主语变 逻辑主语by来引 10 The lights were turned off by Tom. The windows are cleaned every week. Millie’s closed the door. The TV was turned on. The boy made a model plane. A total(总数) of 8 questions are answered. or Active Passive Passive Passive Active Passive Active Passive 区分主动语态和被动语态，主要看主语是执行者还是承受者 1. They make shoes in that factory. 主语+及物动词+宾语 Shoes are made (by them) in that factory. 变为被动语态 一般现在时被动结构： am/is /are +过去分词 12 Exercise: He rides the motorbike to his factory every day. The motorbike is ridden to his factory every day. 13 2. They bought ten computers last term． Ten computers were bought (by them) last term. 一般过去时被动结构： was/were +过去分词 14 Exercise: He bought some fruits yesterday. Some fruits were bought yesterday. 15 3. Some workers are painting the rooms now． The rooms are being painted by some workers now. 现在进行时被动结构： am/is/are + being +PP 16 Exercise: They are playing volleyball now. Volleyball is being played (by them) now 17 4.She was interviewing the famous man at this time yesterday. The famous man was being interviewed by her 过去进行时被动结构： was/were + being +PP 18 Exercise: He was playing basketball at 8:00 last night. Basketball was being played at 8:00 yesterday. 19 5.They will finish the work in ten days. The work will be finished (by them) in ten days. 一般将来时被动结构： will+ be +过去分词 20 They are going to have an evening party tomorrow. An evening party is going to be had tomorrow. be going to + be + pp 21 6. He said the workers would build a new school in two weeks. He said a new school would be built in two weeks. 过去将来时被动构成： would + be + pp 22 They would have a party the next day. A party would be had (by them) the next day. 23 7.Aby can take good care of Tina ． Tina can be taken good care of by Aby. 情态动词变被动： 情态动词 + be+过分 24 Exercise: He may carry the basket easily. The basket may be easily carried by him. 25 8.We have made twenty keys． Twenty keys have been made by us. 现在完成时被动结构： have/has + been+过去分词 26 Exercise: Workers have built the house since two years ago. The house has been built since two years ago. 27 9.We had seen this film before you came here. This film had been seen by us before you came here. 过去完成时被动结构： had +been +PP 28 Exercise: The doctor knew that he had known his problem. —The doctor knew that his problem had been known by him. 29 三、被动语态的结构： 被动语态由“be+done（及物动词的过去分词）构成，被动语态可以用于各种时态，其时态变化通过助动词 be 的不同形式来体现。 一般现在时： am / is / are done 一般过去时： was / were done 现在进行时： am / is / are being done 过去进行时： was / were being done 现在完成时： have / has been done 过去完成时： had been done 一般将来时： shall / will be done ; be going to be done 当句中含有情态动词时，句子结构为 can / must / have to…be done ※ 只有及物动词才有被动形式，不及物动词如rise / come / go / take / place / happen等，没有被动形式。 Compare the sentences with passive voice in the present continuous or present perfect tenses. construct The road is being constructed. The road has been constructed. Passive voice in the present continuous tense Passive voice in the present perfect tense Lead-in repair The car is being repaired. The car has been repaired. Lead-in cook The dish is being cooked. The dish has been cooked. Lead-in The house is being decorated. The house has been decorated. Lead-in decorate Find the sentences in the leaflet that use the passive voice in the present continuous and present perfect tenses. Passive voice in the present continuous tense The finishing touches are now being put to a new swimming pool … Passive voice in the present perfect tense Our facilities have been enlarged and redone … Weight training classes, for example, are being designed … … and our workout rooms have been updated with modern equipment. … our aerobics class has been replaced with several fun options … Exploring the rules Are you ready to get fit? We are happy to announce that the Community Sports Centre will soon be open to the public again! Our facilities have been enlarged and redone and our centre is now bigger and better than ever before. The finishing touches are now being put to a new swimming pool and our workout rooms have been updated with modern equipment. Come by and check them out. Exploring the rules There are a lot of fitness courses for you to choose from. In response to public interest, our aerobics class has been replaced with several fun options, including modern dance. You can find more details about all our courses on our website. Better still, we will update our fitness courses every few months so that more popular courses can be included. Weight training classes, for example, are being designed and will be added to our programme soon. We will invite professional athletes to be our coaches. We are confident that we have something for everyone. We look forward to seeing you here! Exploring the rules Working out the rules We use the passive voice in the present continous tense to talk about something that is being done right now. The verb form is (1) _____________________ We use the passive voice in the present perfect tense to talk about something that has been done. The verb form is (2) ___________________ is/are/am being done. has/have been done. The Present Continuous Passive Voice 现在进行时的被动语态 结构 1.肯定式：am/is/are + being + done ① We are being killed for the wool beneath our stomachs. ② Our fur is being used (use)to make sweaters for people like you now. am/is/are + being + done 2.否定式：am/is/are + not + being +done ① The engineer is not being treated fairly. ② New nature parks are not being started in China. am/is/are + not + being +done 3.一般疑问式： ① Is the patient _____________(examine)by the doctor now? ② Is a computer center _________ (build)for the students? being examined being built Am/Is/Are + 主语 + being + done ① Who ________________ (film)now? ② Why is the house _____________ (clean)by you? 4.特殊疑问式： 疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + being + done + 其他？ is being filmed being cleaned 现在进行时的被动语态的形式 肯定式 am/is/are + being done 否定式 am/is/are + not +being done 一般疑问式 am/is/are+主语+being done 特殊疑问式 疑问词+am/is/are +主语＋being done 用法 My washing machine is being repaired (repair) this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. ①表示正在进行或正在发生的被动动作 My bedroom is being painted(paint) now. ②表示现阶段或目前这段时间正在进行的被动动作,但这 一被动动作在此时此刻不一定正在发生，常与these days， this week连用。 用法 The telephone is in use. = The telephone is being used. Many new products are on show.= Many new products are being shown. ③少数及物动词的进行时表示按计划、安排将要承受某个动作。 A concert is being held tonight. ④be + under/in/on +n.可表示现在进行时的被动语态的含 义。 ⑤注意短语动词变为被动语态时, 短语中的介词或副词不能省掉, 应当看成一个整体。 The children _________________________ (正在被照顾)here. are being taken good care of Make sure that all the victims are being taken good care of. Nobody suspects that the plan is being carried out well. The passive voice in the present continuous tense for phrasal verbs: for verbs with two objects: The teacher is giving examination papers to students. Examination papers are being given to students (by the teacher). 动词词组，一个整体，不分开 宾语变，其余不变 The washing machine is being repaired. = The washing machine is under repair. am/is/are being investigated = under investigation am/is/are being constructed = under construction am/is/are being controlled = under control am/is/are being attacked = under attack am/is/are being reviewed = under review am/is/are being discussed = under discussion 1. Many activities _________________ (hold) in our school these days. 2. A new gym ___________________ (build). They hope to finish it next month. 3.  -What’s that noise? - Oh, I forgot to tell you.  The new washing machine _______________ (test). 4. The camera you ____________(use) now _________ (belong) to me. 5. One third of the class ___________________ (question) by the teachers now. are using belongs is being built are being held Practice is being tested are being questioned 无被动语态 用法 The child has been taken good care of by his grandma all these years. ①表示被动的动作发生在过去，强调对现在造成的影响和结果。 The door has been locked. 门已经被锁了. ②表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在， 并可能将持续下去,常与for a time、since、how long等时 间状语连用。 The Present Perfect Passive Voice 现在完成时的被动语态 注意： 注意其与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时间，其结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时的被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去,但强调该动作或状态对现在造成的影响和结果。 The house____________(build) last year. 这房子是去年建的。 The house _______________. We can move in. was built has been built 常与现在完成时连用的时间状语： already已经 yet 已经 recently/lately最近 since then从那时起 ever since自那以来 ever曾经 so far迄今为止 for a long time 很长一段时间 by now到现在为止 in recent years在最近几年里 in/during/over the past/last years在过去的几年里 Every argument has been backed up with examples. The negative feelings have been got over by doing exercise. The passive voice in the present continuous tense for phrasal verbs: for verbs with two objects: The committee has awarded the prize to him twice. He has been awarded the prize twice (by the committee). 动词词组，一个整体，不分开 宾语变，其余不变 即时练习 1.These rabbits (look) after by wildlife keepers now. 2.How many phones (make) in the factory since last century? 3.Since your work (finish)，you can have a rest now. 4.Many interesting experiments (carry) out these days. 5.More than 100 famous films (show) since July. 6.Just a moment, please. The dishes for the dinner (cook) in the kitchen. 8.They are living in a rented house because their own house ______________ (rebuild). are being looked have been made has been finished are being carried have been shown are being cooked is being rebuilt Applying the rules Rewrite the following sentences using the passive voice. 1. The city government is building a new community sports centre. _______________________________________________________ 2. Some workers are painting the walls in the workout rooms. _______________________________________________________ A new community sports centre is being built (by the city government). The walls in the workout rooms are being painted (by some workers). Exercise 1 Rewrite the following sentences using the passive voice. 3. People have told me the new workout rooms are very modern. _______________________________________________________ 4. Jenny’s PE teacher has asked her to make an exercise plan. _______________________________________________________ 5. The teachers are testing students on their knowledge of fitness. _______________________________________________________ I have been told that the new workout rooms are very modern. Jenny has been asked to make an exercise plan (by her PE teacher). Students are being tested on their knowledge of fitness (by the teachers). Fill in the blanks with the proper verb forms. 1. I got caught in the rain and my suit _____________ (ruin). 2. Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where ___________________ (not decide) yet. 3. Would you please keep silent? The weather report ________________ (broadcast) and I want to listen. 4. His sister left home in 1998, and _____________________ (not hear of) since then. has been ruined has not been decided is being broadcast has not been heard of Exercise 2 Fill in the blanks with the proper verb forms. 5. —Hi, Terry, can I use your computer for a while this afternoon? —Sorry. It’s _____________ (repair). 6. In the last few years thousands of films _____________ (produce) all over the world. 7. Food supplies in the flood-stricken area _____________ (run out). We must act immediately because there’s none left. 8. We won’t start the work until all the preparations _____________ (make). being repaired have been produced have run out have been made 汉语中有一类句子不出现主语，但译成英语时要用被动语态。 (1) It is said that… 据说… (2) It is reported that… 据报道… (3) It is believed that… 有人相信… (4) It is well-known that… 众所周知… (5) It is considered that… 人们认为… (6) It is supposed that… 据推测… (7) It is estimated that… 据估计… I visited the new and improved Community Sports Centre. It looks amazing! It is not open to the public yet, but preparations (1) ____________________ (make) presently for the reopening. Lots of new and modern facilities (2) ____________________ (put) in place. Some of the exercise machines (3)  ___________________ (test) by a group of energetic young people now. A whole new range of courses (4) ____________________ (design) for people of all ages, including tai chi and boxing! I tried out the boxing class and I loved it! The coach, who was a boxing champion, was patient and professional. At the end of the one-hour class, I was sweating all over but felt relaxed. Despite all these improvements, I have also found something that still needs to be done: so far no basketball court (5) ____________________ (build). I love playing basketball and I hope a basketball court will be built in the near future. I am sure it will make the sports centre more popular. are being made have been put are being tested have been designed has been built Exercise Frances has written a review of the sports centre. Complete the review with the correct forms of the verbs in the brackets. 1. All his money _______________(use) up and he has to borrow some. 2. Look out！You _______________ (follow) by a stranger. 3.--The window is dirty. --I know. It (not clean) for weeks. 4. Paper money ____________ (use) for over nine hundred years. 5. --Have you moved into the new house? --Not yet. The rooms (paint). hasn’t been cleaned are being painted Practice has been used are being followed has been used Describe a self-chosen situation using as many sentences with passive voice in the present continuous and present perfect tenses as possible. $