Unit3 Same or Different Section B讲义-2025-2026学年人教版(2024)八年级英语上册

本讲义围绕八年级英语上册Unit3 Same or Different Section B的核心内容展开，系统构建“相似与差异”主题下的语言知识体系，从词汇、短语到句型和语法层层递进，形成清晰的学习支架。通过重点词汇如alike、difference等的辨析，搭配比较级结构（A比B更……）和定语从句（who引导）的实际运用，帮助学生在真实语境中理解并输出表达朋友间异同的观点。 该资料设计亮点突出，融合语言能力、思维品质与学习能力三大核心素养。例如，在阅读理解环节引导学生对比不同观点，培养批判性思维；写作任务以“My Friend”为题，鼓励学生结合自身经历描述外貌、性格与兴趣，实现语言输出与情感态度的统一，体现文化意识中的尊重差异理念。课中可作为教师精讲精练的教学抓手，课后则便于学生自主复习巩固，查漏补缺，提升英语综合应用能力。

八年级英语上册Unit3 Same or Different Section B讲义 一、学习目标 1. 掌握核心词汇，如 alike, mirror, interest, novel, difference, sense, humour 等，以及相关短语的用法。 2. 熟练运用比较级相关句式和定语从句，如 “A + 动词 + 比较级 + than + B”“A + be + as + 形容词原级 + as + B” 以及 who 引导的定语从句。 3. 能够读懂关于朋友相似性与差异性的论坛帖子类文本，提取关键信息，并完成相关任务。 4. 学会运用所学词汇和句式，描述自己与朋友的相似或不同之处，进行口语交流。 5. 模仿范文结构，结合个人经历撰写短文，表达对 “朋友是否应相似” 的看法。 6. 理解友谊的多样性，尊重他人与自己的差异，树立正确的交友观。 二、重点词汇 1. alike /əˈlaɪk/adj. 相像的；adv. 相似地 2. mirror /ˈmɪrə(r)/n. 镜子 3. interest /ˈɪntrəst/n. 业余爱好；兴趣 4. novel /ˈnɒvl/n. 小说 5. difference /ˈdɪfrəns/n. 差异 6. sense /sens/n. 理解 7. humour /ˈhjuːmə(r)/（=humor）n. 幽默 8. less /les/adj. 较少的；更少的；adv. 更少地 三、重点短语 1. be alike in 在…… 方面相似 2. look alike 看起来相像 3. be similar to 与…… 相似 4. be different from 与…… 不同 5. hang out 闲逛 6. have similar interests and hobbies 有相似的兴趣和爱好 7. for example 例如 8. because of 因为，由于 9. share...with... 和…… 分享…… 10. respect each other's differences 尊重彼此的不同 11. learn from each other 互相学习 12. have a good sense of humour 有很强的幽默感 13. because of 归功于；由于 14. make mistakes 犯错误 15. be glad to do sth. 很高兴做某事 16. be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 17. have an honest friend 有一个诚实的朋友 18. give a direct opinion 给出直接看法 19. treat each other's differences 对待彼此的不同 20. in front of 在…… 前面 四、核心句型 1. I think (that)... 我认为…… 2. For me,... 对我来说…… 3. Some people think..., but others think... 一些人认为……，但是其他人认为…… 4. A + be + more + 形容词比较级 + than + B A 比 B 更…… 5. A + be + as + 形容词原级 + as + B A 和 B 一样…… 6. Friends who are different make me better. 不同的朋友让我变得更好。 五、语法精讲 ㈠比较级的用法 1. 用于两者之间的比较，表示 “更……”。基本结构为：A + be + 比较级 + than + B 或 A + 实义动词 + 比较级 + than + B。 如：He is taller than me. 他比我高。She runs faster than her sister. 她比她姐姐跑得更快。 2. 可以用 much, a little, even 等词来修饰比较级，加强比较的程度。如：This book is much more interesting than that one. 这本书比那本书有趣得多。 ㈡定语从句 由关系代词或关系副词引导，在句中作定语，用来修饰先行词。 1. 本单元主要学习 who 引导的定语从句，who 在从句中作主语，用来指代人。 如:The boy who is standing there is my brother. 站在那里的那个男孩是我弟弟。 2. 关系代词 who 引导的定语从句紧跟在先行词之后，其作用是对先行词进行限定或说明。 如: Friends who are different can bring us different experiences. 不同的朋友能给我们带来不同的经历。 六、巩固练习 ㈠单项选择 1. My best friend is ________ me. We are both quiet. A. different from B. similar to C. the same 2. I think friends ________ are different make me better. A. which B. who C. what 3. He is ________ than his brother. A. much friendly B. more friendly C. very friendly ㈡单词词形变换 1. alike（副词）________ 2. different（名词）________ 3. humour（形容词）________ 4. little（比较级）________ ㈢语法填空 1. My sister is ________ (outgoing) than me. 2. I have a friend ________ (who/which) is very kind. 3. They are ________ (similar) in many ways. ㈣句型转换 1. My friend is taller than me.（改为同义句）I'm ________ ________ my friend. 2. The boy who is playing basketball is my classmate.（对划线部分提问）________ ________ is your classmate? ㈤阅读理解 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Friends are very important in our life. Some people think friends should be similar. They think friends who are similar can get on well with each other. They can do many things together, such as playing basketball, going to the movies and so on. But some people like to make friends who are different from them. They think friends who are different can bring them something new. For example, a quiet boy may make friends with an outgoing girl. The girl can help the boy become more outgoing. In my opinion, both kinds of friends are important. We can get something different from different friends. 1. Do all people think friends should be similar? 2. What can friends who are different bring to us? 3. Why do some people like to make friends who are different from them? 4. What does the writer think of friends? ㈥书面表达：以 “My Friend” 为题，写一篇短文，介绍你的朋友。内容包括朋友的外貌、性格、兴趣爱好以及你们之间的相似或不同之处，80 词左右。 七、练习答案 ㈠单项选择 1-3：B B B ㈡单词词形变换 1. alike 2. difference 3.humorous 4. less ㈢语法填空 1. more outgoing 2. who 3. similar ㈣句型转换 1. shorter than 2. Which boy ㈤阅读理解 1. No, they don't. 2. They can bring us something new. 3. Because they think friends who are different can bring them something new. 4. The writer thinks both kinds of friends are important. We can get something different from different friends. ㈥写作 My Friend I have a wonderful friend named Lily. She is of medium height with long, straight hair. Her eyes are big and bright, always shining with kindness. Lily is very outgoing and has a good sense of humour. She can always make me laugh with her funny jokes. We both have a great interest in reading novels. Whenever we have spare time, we often share our favorite books with each other. However, we are also different in some ways. Lily is more active in sports. She often encourages me to do more exercise. Thanks to her, I've become more energetic. I think our similarities bring us closer, and our differences make our friendship more colorful. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $