2026年中考英语语法复习：There be 句型（重难点、易错点+中考模拟+强化训练）

该初中英语中考复习讲义聚焦“There be”句型这一核心语法点，系统梳理存在关系与所属关系的本质区别，构建“定义辨析—用法规则—易错突破—真题演练—分层训练”的完整教学链条。通过表格对比、就近原则讲解和时态变化归纳，帮助学生厘清概念混淆，再以中考真题为锚点进行情境化训练，强化语言能力与思维品质的协同发展。 亮点在于融合语言能力、思维品质与学习能力三大核心素养，设计“概念辨析+易错诊断+限时训练”三阶活动，如针对“some/any”使用误区设置改错任务，引导学生主动发现并修正错误逻辑，提升批判性思维；通过“中考真题精讲+模拟题实战”双轨推进，实现考点全覆盖，确保学生在有限时间内高效掌握高频考点。教师可依据练习反馈灵活调整节奏，精准定位学情，助力学生从理解到应用全面提升应考能力。

中考语法复习:There be 句型 (重难点、易错点+中考模拟+强化训练) 第一部分:定义与核心概念——理解“存在”与“拥有”的本质区别 一、 定义 There be 句型是英语中表示 “存在” 关系的核心句型,用于说明“某时”或“某地”存在“某人”或“某物”。句子的逻辑主语是“存在”的人或物。 中文意思: “有……”。 核心结构: There + be + 主语 + 地点/时间状语. 功能: 描述一个静态的场景、环境或客观事实。 二、 There be vs. have/ has:最根本的区分 这是学生最先接触也最容易混淆的点。关键在于主语和关系的不同。 特征 There be句型 have/ has动词 中文意思 有(存在) 有(拥有) 核心含义 表示“在某地方有…”,强调事物的存在性。 表示“某人有…”,强调所属关系。 主语 主语是存在的人或物之后的“地点/时间”是状语。 主语是拥有者(人或物)。 例句 There is a book on the desk. (存在一本书在桌上。) I have a book. (我拥有一本书。) 例句分析 真正的主语是a book,on the desk是地点状语。 主语是I,a book是宾语。 转换理解 On the desk, there is a book. (不能转换) 【概念强化练习】 选词填空(There is/There are/have/has): 1. I _ a new bike. 2. _ a new bike in the yard. 3. They _ a big garden. 4. _ a big garden behind their house. 5. This room _ two windows. 6. _ two windows in this room. 第二部分:重点与用法——掌握“就近原则”和“时态变化” 1、 Be动词的单复数变化:就近原则! 这是There be句型最核心、最重要的规则,也是中考必考点。 规则:be动词的单复数形式必须和它后面紧跟的第一个主语(名词)保持一致。 1. There is + 单数主语 / 不可数名词 There is a book on the desk. There is some water in the bottle. There is an apple and two oranges in the basket. (就近:an apple) 2. There are + 复数主语 There are many books on the shelf. There are two oranges and an apple in the basket. (就近:two oranges) 二、 各种时态形式 There be句型通过各种时态来表达不同时间存在的状态。变化只体现在be动词上。 1. 一般现在时 (Present Simple): There is / There are There is a teacher in the classroom now. 2. 一般过去时 (Past Simple): There was / There were There was a teacher in the classroom an hour ago. 3. 一般将来时 (Future Simple): There will be... (将来会有……) There will be a meeting tomorrow. There is/are going to be... (计划或打算会有……) There is going to be a football match this weekend. (注意:是There is going to be,不是have!) 4. 现在完成时 (Present Perfect): There has been... / There have been... 表示从过去某时持续到现在存在的状态或影响。 There has been great change in my hometown. (我的家乡发生了巨大变化。) There have been many accidents on this road. (这条路上出过很多事故。) 三、 否定句和疑问句的构成 1. 否定句 (Negative Sentences): 结构:There + be + not (+ any) + 主语 ... 在be动词后直接加not,可缩写为isn't/aren't/wasn't/weren't。 肯定句中的some,在否定句中通常要变为any。 There is not (isn't) any milk in the glass. There are not (aren't) any students in the classroom. 2. 一般疑问句 (General Questions): 结构:Be + there (+ any) + 主语 ...? 将be动词提到there之前。句首大写,句尾用问号。 Is there a park near here? — Yes, there is. / No, there isn't. Are there any apples on the tree? — Yes, there are. / No, there aren't. 3. 特殊疑问句 (Special Questions): 结构:特殊疑问词 + be + there ...? 针对主语提问:What is there in the box? 针对数量提问:How many students are there in your class? 针对地点提问:Where is there a post office? 【用法强化练习】 练习一: 用正确的be动词形式填空。 1. There _ a pen and some books on the desk. 2. There _ some books and a pen on the desk. 3. There _ some water in the bottle. 4. There _ a lot of people in the park yesterday. 5. _ there a library near your school? Yes, there _. 6. There _ (not) any students in the playground now. 7. There _ an English party next Monday. 8. There _ great changes in my hometown in the past ten years. 练习二: 句型转换。 1. There is some juice in the glass. (改为否定句) _ 2. There are some pictures on the wall. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) _? Yes, _. / No, _. 3. There was a meeting this morning. (改为一般疑问句) _? 4. There are fifty students in our class. (对划线部分提问) _? 第三部分:难点与易错点——突破学习瓶颈 难点一:some 和 any 的深度辨析 some:用于肯定句中,表示“一些”,修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。 There are some apples on the tree. any:用于否定句和疑问句中,表示“任何”,修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。 There aren't any apples on the tree. Are there any apples on the tree? “希望得到肯定回答”的例外:在表示请求、建议、邀请或期望对方给予肯定回答的疑问句中,用some。 Could you give me some water? (表请求) Would you like some apples? (表邀请) 难点二:修饰主语的形容词位置——“有很多”怎么说? 错误:There have many students. (受中文“有”字影响) 正确:There are many students. 规则:There be + 数量词/修饰词 + 主语 数量词:a, one, two, many, a few, several... 修饰词:some, any, no, a lot of, lots of, plenty of... 例句:There is a lot of water. There are many books. There is no milk. (= There isn't any milk.) 难点三: 注意There be句型中地点状语的位置。在变否定句和疑问句时,地点状语通常保留不变。 (原句) There is a bird in the tree. (疑问) Is there a bird in the tree? (否定) There isn't a bird in the tree. 【难点突破练习】 改正句中的错误。 1. There have a map on the wall. 2. There are much water in the lake. 3. There isn't some bread on the plate. 4. How many student are there in your class? 5. Are there a pen in the box? 第四部分:综合应用与真题演练 【三年内中考真题训练】 1. (2023 • 北京) — _ there any interesting news in today's newspaper? — No, there _. A. Is; isn't B. Are; aren't C. Is; aren't D. Are; isn't 2. (2022 • 上海) Look! There _ a pair of glasses on the book. It must be our teacher's. A. is B. are C. have D. has 3. (2023 • 广州) — What's in your hand? — Look! There _ some beautiful flowers for you. A. is B. are C. have D. has 4. (2022 • 深圳) There _ great changes in Shenzhen in the past ten years. A. are B. were C. will be D. have been 5. (2021 • 天津) There _ an English speech contest next month. A. will have B. is going to have C. will be D. is 第五部分:满分100分强化训练 一、 单项选择 (共15题,每题3分,共45分) 1. There _ a pencil box and many books in her backpack. A. have B. has C. is D. are 2. _ there a map of China on the wall? A. Is B. Are C. Have D. Has 3. There _ some bread on the plate. You can eat it. A. is B. are C. have D. has 4. There _ an English party this weekend. A. will have B. is going to have C. will be D. is going to be 5. — Are there _ students in the hall? — No, there aren't _. A. some; some B. any; any C. some; any D. any; some 6. There _ a lot of rain in this area every summer. A. is B. are C. have D. has 7. — What's behind the door? — There _ a broom behind it. A. am B. is C. are D. be 8. _ there any restaurants near here? A. Be B. Is C. Are D. Am 9. There _ a football match on TV tonight. A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have 10. How many teachers _ _ in your school? A. is there B. are there C. there is D. there are 11. There _ a computer on every student's desk in the future. A. will have B. will be C. is D. are 12. — Would you like some coffee? — No, thanks. There _ still some in my cup. A. is B. are C. has D. have 13. There _ not enough people to pick apples last autumn. A. is B. are C. was D. were 14. There _ a talk about science in our school tomorrow afternoon. A. will have B. will be C. is having D. has 15. Long long ago, there _ a very old temple on the top of the mountain. A. is B. are C. was D. were 二、 句型转换 (共5题,每题5分,共25分) 1. There is some water in the bottle. (改为否定句) _. 2. There are some parks in the city. (改为一般疑问句并做否定回答) _? No, _. 3. There was a tall building here in 2000. (用in 2023改写句子) There _ a tall building here in 2023. 4. The books are on the shelf. (用There be句型改写) _ on the shelf. 5. a, there, desk, computer, is, the, on (连词成句) _. 三、 翻译句子 (共5题,每题6分,共30分) 1. 冰箱里有一些鸡蛋和蔬菜。 _. 2. 三年前,这里没有医院。 _three years ago. 3. 下周将会有一场篮球赛。 _next week. 4. 你的城市里有多少所中学? _ in your city? 5. 杯子里没有牛奶了。 _ in the cup. 答案与解析 【概念强化练习】答案 1. have 2. There is 3. have 4. There is 5. has 6. There are 解析:区分“拥有”(have/has)和“存在”(There be)。 【用法强化练习】答案 练习一: 1. is (就近原则) 2. are (就近原则) 3. is (水不可数) 4. were (过去时,人复数) 5. Is; is (图书馆单数) 6. aren't (学生复数) 7. will be / is going to be (将来时) 8. have been (in the past ten years用现在完成时,changes复数) 练习二: 1. There isn't any juice in the glass. (some变any) 2. Are there any pictures on the wall?; there are; there aren't 3. Was there a meeting this morning? 4. How many students are there in your class? 【难点突破练习】答案 1. have is (表示存在用There is) 2. are is (water不可数) 3. some any (否定句用any) 4. student students (how many后接复数) 5. Are Is (a pen单数) 【中考真题训练】答案与解析 1. A (news是不可数名词,用Is there...? 否定回答用isn't.) 2. A (a pair of... 是一个整体,视作单数主语,用is.) 3. B (flowers是复数名词,用are.) 4. D (时间状语in the past ten years是“近十年”,用现在完成时has/have been。changes是复数,用have been.) 5. C (时间状语next month表将来,There be句型的将来时是There will be或There is going to be.) 【强化训练】答案与解析 一、 单项选择 1. C 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. B 11. B 12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C 解析: 1. 就近原则,a pencil box是单数。 3. bread不可数。 4. 将来时,There is going to be... 5. 疑问句和否定句中用any。 6. rain不可数。 10. 特殊疑问句结构:How many + 复数名词 + are there...? 12. coffee不可数,用is。 13. last autumn过去时,people是复数,否定用were not。 14. tomorrow afternoon表将来,用will be。 15. Long long ago表过去,temple是单数,用was。 二、 句型转换 1. There isn't any water in the bottle. 2. — Are there any parks in the city? — there aren't. 3. will be / is going to be 4. There are some books 5. There is a computer on the desk. 三、 翻译句子 1. There are some eggs and vegetables in the fridge. 2. There wasn't a hospital here 3. There will be a basketball match 4. How many middle schools are there 5. There isn't any milk 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $