精品解析：广东省广州市海珠区五中滨江2024-2025学年八年级上学期期中测试英语试卷

2024学年第一学期英语学科期中限时训练（八年级） 本试卷共8页，满分共100分，用时100分钟。 一、语法选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1-15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。 (A) The Big Merino is ___1___ the city of Goulburn. Merinos ___2___ a type of sheep. They can live in dry weather. Some places in Australia are very dry, so these sheep are very important ___3___ the farmers there. Inside the Big Merino, there is a small museum about the history of wool in Australia. Visitors can also ___4___ up to the Big Merino’s head and look at the view through ___5___ eyes. 1. A. in B. at C. on D. by 2. A. is B. are C. was D. were 3. A. to B. with C. by D. for 4. A. climbed B. climbs C. climbing D. climb 5. A. it B. it’s C. it is D. its 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了绵羊的一种——大美利奴羊。 【1题详解】 句意：大美利奴位于古尔本市。 in在里面；at在；on在上面；by通过。根据“The Big Merino is...the city of Goulburn.”可知大美利奴在古尔本市里。故选A。 【2题详解】 句意：美利奴羊是绵羊的一种。 is是，be动词单数形式；are是，be动词复数；was是，am和is的过去式；were是，are的过去式。句子是一般现在时，主语是复数，be动词用are，故选B。 【3题详解】 句意：澳大利亚的一些地方非常干旱，所以这些羊对那里的农民非常重要。 to到；with和；by通过；for为了。固定短语be important to“对……很重要”，故选A。 【4题详解】 句意：游客还可以爬到大美利奴雕像的头上，通过它的眼睛观看风景。 climbed爬，过去式；climbs动词三单；climbing动名词；climb动词原形。空前有情态动词can，动词用原形，故选D。 【5题详解】 句意：游客还可以爬到大美利奴雕像的头上，通过它的眼睛观看风景。 it它；it’s它是；it is它是；its它的。eyes是名词，应用形容词性物主代词its修饰，故选D。 (B) There once lived a very stupid king and queen. One day the queen had ___6___ baby daughter. When they first saw their baby, they both cried out, “My goodness! She’s hairless and toothless! It’s a monster (怪物)!” They ordered all the doctors in the country ___7___ some medicine for her. “If you can’t make her have hair and teeth, I’ll kill you.” the king said to the doctors. The doctors thought it was not possible, but they couldn’t say ___8___ against the king’s order. Just then, one of ___9___ came up. “Oh, we shall ___10___ your order,” he said, “but it takes time. We have to dig for something ___11___ a little medicine from the Kunlun Mountains when the snow melts (融化) for the second time. The snow melts on those mountains only once in six years. ___12___ we need twelve years.” At last the king agreed and the doctors took away the little baby. On her ___13___ birthday, they brought her back to her parents ___14___ long black hair and beautiful teeth. The king and queen were much ____15____ and gave the doctors many presents. 6. A. a B. an C. the D. / 7. A. prepare B. prepared C. to prepare D. preparing 8. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 9. A. older doctor B. the oldest doctor C. the older doctors D. the oldest doctors 10. A. follows B. to follow C. follow D. following 11. A. makes B. to make C. make D. making 12. A. However B. But C. Because D. So 13. A. twelve B. twelfth C. the twelve D. the twelfth 14. A. for B. to C. with D. of 15. A. happier B. happiest C. happily D. happy 【答案】6. A 7. C 8. B 9. D 10. C 11. B 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述愚蠢的国王和王后因婴儿无发无牙而误以为她是怪物，命令医生研制药物，医生机智拖延时间最终让婴儿自然长出头发和牙齿的故事。 【6题详解】 句意：一天，王后生了一个小女儿。 a不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。根据“One day the queen had…baby daughter.”的语境可知，此处表示泛指的含义，baby以辅音音素开头，用a。故选A。 【7题详解】 句意：他们命令全国所有的医生为她准备一些药物。 prepare准备，动词原形；prepared准备，过去式；to prepare准备，不定式；preparing准备，现在分词。order sb. to do sth.“命令某人去做某事”，是固定搭配。故选C。 【8题详解】 句意：医生们认为这是不可能的，但他们不能违背国王的命令。 something某物；anything任何事物；nothing没有什么；everything一切。根据下文“Oh, we shall…your order”可知，他们遵从国王的命令，此句为否定句，用anything。故选B。 【9题详解】 句意：就在那时，一位年纪最大的医生走上前来。 older doctor年纪更大的医生；the oldest doctor年纪最大的医生；the older doctors年纪更大的医生；the oldest doctors年纪最大的医生。此处为“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”结构，含义是“最……的……之一”。故选D。 【10题详解】 句意：哦，我们会听从你的命令。 follows听从，三单形式；to follow听从，不定式；follow听从，动词原形；following听从，现在分词。shall后接动词原形。故选C。 【11题详解】 句意：当雪第二次融化时，我们必须从昆仑山挖些东西来做一点药。 makes制作，三单形式；to make制作，不定式；make制作，动词原形；making制作，现在分词。此处表示目的，用不定式结构。故选B。 12题详解】 句意：所以我们需要十二年。 However然而；But但是；Because因为；So所以。根据“The snow melts on those mountains only once in six years…we need twelve years.”的语境可知，此处表示结果，So符合。故选D。 【13题详解】 句意：在她十二岁生日那天，他们把她带回了父母身边，她有着长长的黑发和美丽的牙齿。 twelve十二；twelfth第十二；the twelve错误搭配；the twelfth第十二，the+序数词。此处指第十二个生日，用序数词，前有形容词性物主代词her，此处不用定冠词the。故选B。 【14题详解】 句意：在她十二岁生日那天，他们把她带回了父母身边，她有着长长的黑发和美丽的牙齿。 for为了；to到；with有；of……的。此处描述人的特征，with符合。故选C。 【15题详解】 句意：国王和王后高兴多了，给了医生许多礼物。 happier更高兴的；happiest最高兴的；happily高兴地；happy高兴的。根据比较级修饰词“much”可知，此处用比较级形式。故选A。 二、完型填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D选项中，选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Steve Jobs is the designer of Apple Computer. ___16___, he was not clever or popular when he was in school. At that time, he was not a good student and he ___17___ made trouble with his schoolmates. When he went to ___18___, he didn’t change a lot. Then he dropped out (辍学) from the college. But he was full of new ___19___. After that, Steve Jobs ___20___ a video game designer. He worked there for only several months and then he went to India. He hoped that the trip would give him some new ideas and give him a ___21___ in life. After he returned from India, he went to California and lived on a farm for a year. In 1975, he began to ___22___ a new type of computer. He designed the Apple Computer with his friend in his garage. He ___23___ the name “Apple” just because it could help him to remember a happy summer he once spent in an apple tree garden. His Apple Computer was such a great success that he soon became a ___24___ designer all over the world. So I think we should often use our ____25____ and often ask why. Whatever we do, we must try our best to do it. I think we must be successful one day. 16. A. So B. Because C. Although D. However 17. A. always B. hardly C. seldom D. never 18. A. college B. company C. society D. middle school 19. A. computers B. games C. ideas D. mobile phones 20. A. worked for B. worked as C. worked in D. worked at 21. A. place B. change C. computer D. plane 22. A. make B. play C. buy D. sell 23. A. disliked B. copied C. wrote D. chose 24. A. patient B. careful C. successful D. hard-working 25. A. feet B. bands C. body D. brains 【答案】16. D 17. A 18. A 19. C 20. B 21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了苹果公司创始人史蒂夫·乔布斯的成长经历和创业故事。 【16题详解】 句意：然而，他在学校时既不聪明也不受欢迎。 So因此；Because因为；Although虽然；However然而。根据“Steve Jobs is the designer of Apple Computer.”和“he was not clever or popular when he was in school”可知，这两句之间是转折关系，表示虽然乔布斯是苹果电脑的设计师，然而他在学校时既不聪明也不受欢迎。故选D。 【17题详解】 句意：那时，他不是一个好学生，总是和同学惹麻烦。 always总是；hardly几乎不；seldom很少；never从不。根据“he was not a good student”可推知，乔布斯总是惹麻烦。故选A。 【18题详解】 句意：上大学时，他并没有太大变化。 college大学；company公司；society社会；middle school中学。根据“Then he dropped out (辍学) from the college.”可推知，此处表示乔布斯上大学时并没有太大变化。故选A。 【19题详解】 句意：但是他充满了新的想法。 computers电脑；games游戏；ideas想法；mobile phones手机。根据“Then he dropped out (辍学) from the college. But he was full of new...”可知，此处是转折关系，表示虽然乔布斯从大学辍学，但是他充满了新的想法。故选C。 【20题详解】 句意：此后，史蒂夫·乔布斯曾担任过视频游戏设计师。 worked for为……工作；worked as担任；worked in在……领域工作；worked at在……地点工作。根据“video game designer”可知，这是一种职业身份，所以此处表示乔布斯曾担任过视频游戏设计师。故选B。 【21题详解】 句意：他希望这次旅行能给他带来一些新的想法，改变他的生活。 place地点；change改变；computer电脑；plane飞机。根据“the trip would give him some new ideas and give him a...”可知，乔布斯希望这次旅行能改变他的生活。故选B。 【22题详解】 句意：1975年，他开始制造一种新型计算机。 make制造；play玩耍；buy购买；sell销售。根据“He designed the Apple Computer with his friend in his garage.”可知，乔布斯和他的朋友在他的车库里设计了苹果电脑。因此，此处表示乔布斯开始制造一种新型计算机。故选A。 【23题详解】 句意：他选择“苹果”这个名字只是因为它能帮助他回忆起他曾经在一个苹果园度过快乐的夏天。 disliked不喜欢；copied复制；wrote书写；chose选择。根据“He...the name ‘Apple’ just because it could help him to remember a happy summer he once spent in an apple tree garden.”可知，此处解释了乔布斯选择“苹果”这个名字的原因。故选D。 【24题详解】 句意：他的苹果电脑大获成功，很快他便成为全球知名的成功设计师。 patient有耐心的；careful细心的；successful成功的；hard-working勤奋的。根据“His Apple Computer was such a great success”可推知，苹果电脑的成功使乔布斯成为了一名成功的设计师。故选C。 【25题详解】 句意：所以我认为我们应该经常动动脑子，经常问为什么。 feet脚；bands乐队；body身体；brains大脑。根据“ask why”可推知，人们提问前应首先动脑思考。故选D。 三、阅读（共两节，满分35分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，然后从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。 (A) AI (人工智能) makes our lives easier and better. Let’s see some amazing AIs. Cool driverless (无人驾驶的) bus Apolong is a driverless bus. Its door will open to you by itself. The bus can hold 14 people and doesn’t need a driver. It follows traffic rules. It stops every time when it sees a stop light. Your close friend Xiaoice is a robot. If you feel lonely, you can talk with it. It is good at singing, writing poems and telling stories. You can make friends with it! World’s first AI anchor (主播) See this picture! The famous Chinese anchor Qiu Hao is reporting the news. But “he” is not the real Qiu Hao. It is the world’s first AI anchor. It looks and speaks just like a real person. It speaks both Chinese and English. It can work 24 hours without any mistakes. Popular AI artist A beautiful painting was sold for about 3,000,000 yuan in 2018. But it isn’t a work by a famous painter such as Vincent Van Gogh. It was painted by an AI artist. Three Frenchmen created it. The AI artist imitated (临摹) over 15,000 works to learn to paint. Now it is one of the most popular artists in the world. 26. Xiaoice can do the following things EXCEPT ________. A. going out to play with you B. talking with you if you feel lonely C being your friend D. singing, writing poems and telling stories 27. What can we know about the painting? A. Vincent Van Gogh painted it. B. It was sold for about 3,000,000 yuan in 2018. C. The AI artist imitated it. D. It is the most popular painting in the world. 28. This passage is probably from ________. A. a travel guide B. a story book C. a school report D. a science magazine 【答案】26. A 27. B 28. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了四个AI产品，说明了AI使我们的生活更轻松、更美好。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据“If you feel lonely, you can talk with it...make friends with it!”可知，Xiaoice可以和你谈话，它还会唱歌、写诗、讲故事，还可以和你交朋友。没有提到可以和你出去玩。故选A。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据“A beautiful painting was sold for about 3,000,000 yuan in 2018.”可知，这幅画在2018年卖了300万元，B项表述正确。故选B。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“AI makes our lives easier and better. Let’s see some amazing AIs.”可知，本文介绍了几个AI产品，说明了AI使我们的生活更轻松、更美好，所以本文可能出自一本科学杂志。故选D。 (B) letter I V X L C D M value 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000 Roman numbers are the number system with hundreds of years’ history. They were created by the Romans with seven letters: I, V, X, L, C, D and M. Their meanings are as follows. Hand signals（ 手 势 ）may tell us how Roman numbers were invented. “I”, a single line, is one finger, and “V” means five fingers. “X” is two hands showing two fives with thumbs(拇指) crossed, like the shape “X”. Roman numbers are read from left to right. The order of the letters is important. There are two main rules. If a letter comes before a letter of greater value, you use subtraction. For example, IV is 4 and XC is 90. If one or more letters come after a letter of greater value, you add them. For example, XII equals 12; CXIII means 113. Roman numbers have played an important part in Roman times. People used them in everyday business, engineering and maths. People in Europe kept using them until the 15th century. Later, people realized the Arabic numbers were easier when they had to calculate larger numbers. Also, zero was not in the Roman number system. It was a big problem in maths. However, Roman numbers are still used on watches and clocks to show people the time. In the names of streets and buildings, you can also see them. Subjects like chemistry and music might still use them. Besides, they are used to refer to kings and queens, such as Queen Elizabeth II. While they are not the main number system in modern maths, they are still around us. 29. Which of following stands for “subtraction” in Paragraph 4? A. B. C. D. 30. What does the Roman number LXXII mean? A. 28 B. 32 C. 68 D. 72 31. Why were Roman numbers important in Roman times? A. Because they were easier than the Arabic numbers. B. Because Europeans had to calculate larger numbers. C. Because people widely used them in their daily life. D. Because the number zero brought a problem to maths. 32. What does “they” in the last paragraph refer to? A. Arabic numbers. B. Roman numbers. C. Subjects like music. D. Watches and clocks. 【答案】29. B 30. D 31. C 32. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍罗马数字的相关知识。 【29题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“If a letter comes before a letter of greater value, you use subtraction. For example, IV is 4 and XC is 90.”和表格内容可知，例如，IV为4，XC为90。两者都是后一个数字减去前一个数字的结果，所以subtraction的意思是“减法”，故选B。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据“If one or more letters come after a letter of greater value, you add them. For example, XII equals 12; CXIII means 113.”和表格内容可知，如果一个或多个字母出现在一个值更大的字母后面，则做加法。例如，XII等于12；CXIII表示113。由此可知，LXXII=50+10+10+1+1=72。故选D。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Roman numbers have played an important part in Roman times. People used them in everyday business, engineering and maths.”可知，罗马数字在罗马时代扮演了重要的角色。人们在日常商业、工程和数学中使用它们。故选C。 【32题详解】 代词指代题。根据“Roman numbers are still used...In the names of streets and buildings...Subjects like chemistry and music might still use them. Besides, they are used to refer to kings and queens, such as Queen Elizabeth II.”可知，罗马数字应用于各处，此处they指的是“罗马数字”，故选B。 (C) The umbrella is a very common object. It keeps the rain and the sun off the people. Umbrellas can be folded up so it is easy to carry them. However, the umbrella has not always been as common as it is now. In the past, it was a symbol of importance. Some African countries still use umbrellas in this way. Someone carries an umbrella behind the king or important person. Umbrellas are very old. People in different parts of the world began to use umbrellas at different times. The Chinese had them more than 3000 years ago. From then on, people brought umbrella to India and Egypt. In Greece and Kome, men wouldn’t use them. They believed umbrellas were only for women. England was probably the first country in Europe where common people used umbrellas against rain. The weather there is very wet and umbrellas are very useful. Everybody uses umbrellas today. The next time you carry one, just think that for centuries only great men and women used them. You will feel you are important people, too. 33. What is the umbrella used for? A. Keeping the rain off. B. Keeping the rain and the sun off. C. Keeping the sun off. D. Keeping the wind off. 34. What does the underlined word “be folded up” mean in Chinese? A. 撑开 B. 关闭 C. 闲置 D. 折叠 35. Which country is the earliest country that used umbrellas? A. England. B. China. C. India. D. Egypt. 36. What is the best title of this passage? A. The Development of Umbrellas B. How to Use Umbrellas C. Umbrellas Are Used for Keeping off the Rain and Cloud D. Umbrellas Are Unimportant for Us 【答案】33. B 34. D 35. B 36. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了雨伞的发展过程。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据“It keeps the rain and the sun off the people.”可知，雨伞使雨水和阳光远离人们。故选B。 【34题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“it is easy to carry them.”可知，雨伞折叠起来才方便携带，故可推断画线部分意为“折叠”。故选D。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据“The Chinese had them more than 3000 years ago. From then on, people brought umbrella to India and Egypt.”可知，中国人在3000多年前就拥有伞了，从那时起，人们把雨伞带到了印度和埃及。故可推断，中国是最早使用雨伞的国家。故选B。 【36题详解】 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了雨伞的发展过程。故选A。 (D) Good morning, my dear classmates. I am very pleased to introduce my favorite scientist, Charles Darwin. I searched for all the information from the Internet. I am happy to share it with you. Charles Robert Darwin was born on February 12, 1809 in Shrewsbury, England, the same day as Abraham Lincoln. Charles wasn’t the best student in his school. When he was 16, his father sent him to a medical school. Charles liked spending time outdoors discovering nature more than attending medical classes. He left school without finishing it. Then, Charles’s father sent him to another school to make him become a minister (牧师). He made it to graduation, but he didn’t want to become a minister. His real dream was to be a scientist. After graduation, someone invited Charles to sail on the Beagle as a scientist without any money. The Beagle was to travel to South America and then around the world. Their work was to make maps of the places they visited. The trip was planned to last for two years, but in fact, it lasted for five years. During this time, he saw many amazing things. He collected lots of plants and animals and took them back to England to study. Several years later, Darwin published an important scientific paper. He is famous for the theories of evolution and natural selection (物竞天择). 37. When did Darwin go to the medical school? A. In 1809. B. In 1825. C. In 1849. D. In 1828. 38. What did Darwin want to be? A. A doctor. B. A minister. C. A scientist. D. A traveler. 39 Which of the following statements about Darwin is TRUE according to the article? A. Darwin always got good grades at school. B. Darwin was born on the same day as Abraham Lincoln. C. Darwin sailed on the Beagle and got much money. D. The Beagle trip lasted for two years. 40. What’s the purpose of the Beagle trip? A. To discover plants and animals. B. To collect useful things for the paper. C. To travel for fun. D. To make maps of some places. 【答案】37. B 38. C 39. B 40. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要是作者对自己最喜欢的科学家查尔斯·达尔文的介绍。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Charles Robert Darwin was born on February 12, 1809 in Shrewsbury,”及“When he was 16, his father sent him to a medical school.”可知，达尔文出生于1809年，16岁时去了医学院，故可知达尔文是1825年去的医学院。故选B。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据“His real dream was to be a scientist.”可知，达尔文梦想成为一名科学家。故选C。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Charles Robert Darwin was born on February 12, 1809 in Shrewsbury, England, the same day as Abraham Lincoln”可知，达尔文与亚伯拉罕·林肯同一天出生。故选B。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Their work was to make maps of the places they visited.”可知，他们乘坐小猎犬号航行是为了绘制他们参观过的地方的地图。故选D。 第二节 阅读填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入1~5各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In the modern world, people use money every day. Money is very important in our life. ____41____ But I think few people know about the history of money. ____42____ They lived with family and lived on wild animals, fruits and other plants. And they also made things they need by themselves. As time passed, people learned to keep animals and grow crops. Sometimes, families would produce more things than they needed. Then exchange（交换）started to happen between families. They exchanged things they didn’t need for that they wanted. Later, people began to use money as an exchanging way. ____43____ They used other things as money, like shells, rice, salt, stone, etc. After 600 BC, people began using coins as money. ____44____ Later, countries began to make their own coins. Ancient China was the first to make paper money, probably in the 11th century. The Italian traveler Marco Polo saw Chinese people using paper money when he visited China in the 1200s. ____45____ Today, we have many new ways to pay for things. A. Long time ago, people did not use money. B. They soon found that coins were easier to carry. C. But the money they used was not the same as we use today. D. That’s because without money, you can’t buy anything you want. E. However, European countries did not start using paper money until the 1600s. 【答案】41. D 42. A 43. C 44. B 45. E 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了人们从以物换物，到使用硬币，最后使用纸币的过程。 【41题详解】 根据“Money is very important in our life.”可知是说钱在日常生活中的重要性，选项D“那是因为没有钱，你就买不到你想要的东西。”符合语境，故选D。 【42题详解】 根据“They lived with family and lived on wild animals, fruits and other plants. And they also made things they need by themselves.”以及“They exchanged things they didn’t need for that they wanted. ”可知以前人们同时自给自足，或者互相交互物品，不需要钱，选项A“很久以前，人们不使用钱。”符合语境，故选A。 【43题详解】 根据“Later, people began to use money as an exchanging way...They used other things as money, like shells, rice, salt, stone, etc.”可知他们用其他东西作为货币，如贝壳、大米、盐、石头等。选项C“但是他们用的钱和我们今天用的不一样。”符合语境，故选C。 【44题详解】 根据“After 600 BC, people began using coins as money.”可知是指公元前600年后，人们开始使用硬币作为货币。选项B“他们很快发现硬币更容易携带。”符合语境，故选B。 【45题详解】 根据“The Italian traveler Marco Polo saw Chinese people using paper money when he visited China in the 1200s. ”可知说的是使用纸币，选项E“然而，欧洲国家直到17世纪才开始使用纸币。”符合语境，故选E。 四、写作 第一节 语篇填词（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 根据下列语篇及所缺单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答题卡时，要求写出完整单词。（每空只写一词） Jack was b___46___ in 2000. He lived in a small village with his parents. He was a w___47___ man. When he was young, he wanted to be an i___48___. He carried a notebook with him all the time. His notebook included many drawings of different inventions. In order to achieve his dream, Jack worked very hard. He studied 12 hours a day, especially at weekends. Later, he c___49___ many new things and made his dream come true. He also w___50___ many prizes because of his inventions. 【答案】46. (b)orn 47. (w)ise 48. (i)nventor 49. (c)reated 50. (w)on 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了Jack小的时候就想当一名发明家，他靠着努力拼搏，最后实现了自己的梦想。 【46题详解】 句意：杰克出生于2000年。根据“Jack was…in 2000.”以及首字母可知，此处指出生。be born in“出生于”。故填(b)orn。 【47题详解】 句意：他是个聪明的人。根据下文“Later, he...many new things and made his dream come true. He also...many prizes because of his inventions.”和以及首字母可知，此处指聪明的。wise“聪明的、有智慧的”，形容词，作定语，修饰名词man。故填(w)ise。 【48题详解】 句意：当他年轻的时候，他想成为一名发明家。根据下文“Later, he...many new things and made his dream come true.”以及首字母可知，此处指发明家。inventor“发明家”，前面有an，用单数形式。故填(i)nventor。 【49题详解】 句意：后来，他创造了许多新事物，实现了自己的梦想。根据“Later, he…many new things and made his dream come true.”以及首字母可知，此处指创造。create“创造”，根据后面的“and made”可知，用一般过去时，谓语动词使用过去式created。故填(c)reated。 【50题详解】 句意：他还因发明而赢得了许多奖项。根据“He also…many prizes because of his inventions.”以及首字母可知，此处指赢得。win“赢得”，用一般过去时，陈述过去发生的事，谓语动词使用过去式won。故填(w)on。 第二节 完成句子（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） 51. 莉莉喜欢用她的手机上网。 Lily liked to __________ __________ __________ __________ through her phone. 【答案】 ①. go ②. on ③. the ④. Internet 【解析】 【详解】对照中英文可知，空处缺少“上网”，其英文表达为go on the Internet，固定搭配；like to do sth.“喜欢做某事”，固定搭配，因此这里应用动词原形go。故填go；on；the；Internet。 52. 在过去，她总是很期待和朋友一起玩手机游戏。 In the past, she always __________ __________ __________ __________ mobile games with her friends. 【答案】 ① looked ②. forward ③. to ④. playing 【解析】 【详解】对照中英文可知，空处缺少“期待”和“玩”；根据英文题干和汉语提示可知，此处考查look forward to doing sth.“期待做某事”，动词短语；play“玩”，动词，其动名词形式为playing；根据“In the past”可知，此处表示过去发生的动作，时态应用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式looked。故填looked；forward；to；playing。 53. 莉莉的妈妈在一家医院当医生。 Lily’s mother __________ __________ a doctor in a hospital. 【答案】 ①. works ②. as 【解析】 【详解】对照中英文可知，空处表示“当”，即“担任”。work as“担任；以……身份而工作”，动词短语。句子陈述一个事实，时态应用一般现在时，且主语“Lily’s mother”为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式works。故填works；as。 54. 她妈妈认为玩手机游戏对青少年的眼睛有害。 Her mother thinks that playing mobile games __________ __________ __________ teenagers’ eyes. 【答案】 ①. is ②. harmful ③. to 【解析】 【详解】对照中英文可知，空处缺少“对……有害”，其英文表达为be harmful to，为动词短语，充当句子的谓语。根据“thinks”和句意可知，句子陈述一个客观事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语为动名词短语“playing mobile games”，表示单数概念，be动词应用is。故填is；harmful；to。 55. 所以，莉莉的妈妈经常阻止她玩太多手机游戏。 Therefore, Lily’s mother often __________ __________ __________ playing too many mobile games. 【答案】 ①. stops ②. her ③. from 【解析】 【详解】对照中英文，横线部分缺少的内容为“阻止她……”。stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事；her她，使用宾格作stop的宾语。根据“often”以及句意可知，该句使用一般现在时，主语Lily’s mother为第三人称单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式，stop的三单形式为stops。故填stops；her；from。 56. 此外，妈妈建议她去进行运动而不是待在家。 __________ __________, her mother advises her to play sports __________ __________ staying at home. 【答案】 ①. In ②. addition ③. instead ④. of 【解析】 【详解】对比所给中英文可知，前两空表示“此外”，in addition“此外”，副词短语，作状语修饰整个句子，句首首字母大写；后两空表示“而不是”，instead of“而不是”，复合介词。故填In；addition；instead；of。 57. 这样，她就不再需要依靠手机获得快乐。 In this way, she doesn’t need to __________ __________ phones to have fun any more. 【答案】 ①. depend ②. on 【解析】 【详解】对照中英文可知，空处缺少“依靠”，其英文表达为depend on，动词短语；need to do sth.“需要做某事”，固定搭配，因此这里应用动词原形depend。故填depend；on。 58. 自那以后，莉莉就不再玩手机游戏了。 __________ __________, Lily has never played mobile games. 【答案】 ①. Since ②. then 【解析】 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“自那以后”。since then意为“从那时起，自那以后”，句首首字母要大写。故填Since；then。 59. 现在她喜欢游泳，打羽毛球，旅游，等等。 Now she enjoys going swimming, playing badminton, going travelling __________ __________ __________. 【答案】 ①. and ②. so ③. on 【解析】 【详解】对照中英文可知，空处缺少“等等”；根据英文题干和汉语提示可知，此处考查and so on“诸如此类，等等”，固定搭配。故填and；so；on。 60. 莉莉的生活方式正在变得越来越好。 Lily’s lifestyle is becoming __________ __________ __________. 【答案】 ①. better ②. and ③. better 【解析】 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，英文句子缺少“越来越好”，good“好的”，形容词，此处应用“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”，good的比较级是better。故填better；and；better。 第三节 书面表达（共1题；满分15分） 61. 你们学校校报将出版一期以computer为主题的专刊，号召全体同学积极投稿。请你根据以下所给的内容提示，写一篇英语短文。 电脑的地位 最伟大的发明之一；在我们的日常生活中越来越重要。 电脑的用途 1. 搜索信息，获得更多新知识（knowledge），有助于我们学习; 2. 可以听歌、看电影等有利于我们放松心情； 3. 可以结交来自全世界的朋友，与他人保持联系。 你的观点或建议 （合理使用电脑） 不少于两点。 注意： ①不少于 80 词（文章开头已给出，不计入词数）； ②不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。 Nowadays, the computer plays a very important role in our society. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： Nowadays, the computer plays a very important role in our society. As one of the greatest inventions, computer is becoming more and more important in our daily life. We can use them to search for information and get more new knowledge. They help us learn. The students think they can chat online, make friends and shop on the computer. They can play computer games and listen to music to relax. They can also make friends from all over the world and keep in touch with others. We should not use it for too long every day and pay attention to protecting our eyes. Remember not to spend too much time playing computer games. I think using a computer is helpful. We can send and receive e-mails and see the films and so on. But we can’t always play computer games, or it will influence our study. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为一般现在时； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生注意不要遗漏，适当增加细节，表述完整。 [写作步骤] 第一步，承接开头，表明电脑的重要性； 第二步，具体介绍电脑的用处； 第三步，表达自己的观点和建议。 [亮点词汇] ①in our daily life在我们日常生活中 ②search for查找 ③listen to music听音乐 ④all over the world全世界 ⑤keep in touch with与某人保持联系 [高分句型] ①As one of the greatest inventions, computer is becoming more and more important in our daily life.（比较级句型） ②The students think they can chat online, make friends and shop on the computer.（宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024学年第一学期英语学科期中限时训练（八年级） 本试卷共8页，满分共100分，用时100分钟。 一、语法选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1-15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。 (A) The Big Merino is ___1___ the city of Goulburn. Merinos ___2___ a type of sheep. They can live in dry weather. Some places in Australia are very dry, so these sheep are very important ___3___ the farmers there. Inside the Big Merino, there is a small museum about the history of wool in Australia. Visitors can also ___4___ up to the Big Merino’s head and look at the view through ___5___ eyes. 1. A. in B. at C. on D. by 2. A. is B. are C. was D. were 3. A. to B. with C. by D. for 4. A. climbed B. climbs C. climbing D. climb 5. A. it B. it’s C. it is D. its (B) There once lived a very stupid king and queen. One day the queen had ___6___ baby daughter. When they first saw their baby, they both cried out, “My goodness! She’s hairless and toothless! It’s a monster (怪物)!” They ordered all the doctors in the country ___7___ some medicine for her. “If you can’t make her have hair and teeth, I’ll kill you.” the king said to the doctors. The doctors thought it was not possible, but they couldn’t say ___8___ against the king’s order. Just then, one of ___9___ came up. “Oh, we shall ___10___ your order,” he said, “but it takes time. We have to dig for something ___11___ a little medicine from the Kunlun Mountains when the snow melts (融化) for the second time. The snow melts on those mountains only once in six years. ___12___ we need twelve years.” At last the king agreed and the doctors took away the little baby. On her ___13___ birthday, they brought her back to her parents ___14___ long black hair and beautiful teeth. The king and queen were much ____15____ and gave the doctors many presents. 6. A. a B. an C. the D. / 7. A. prepare B. prepared C. to prepare D. preparing 8. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 9. A. older doctor B. the oldest doctor C. the older doctors D. the oldest doctors 10. A. follows B. to follow C. follow D. following 11. A. makes B. to make C. make D. making 12. A. However B. But C. Because D. So 13. A. twelve B. twelfth C. the twelve D. the twelfth 14. A. for B. to C. with D. of 15. A. happier B. happiest C. happily D. happy 二、完型填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D选项中，选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Steve Jobs is the designer of Apple Computer. ___16___, he was not clever or popular when he was in school. At that time, he was not a good student and he ___17___ made trouble with his schoolmates. When he went to ___18___, he didn’t change a lot. Then he dropped out (辍学) from the college. But he was full of new ___19___. After that, Steve Jobs ___20___ a video game designer. He worked there for only several months and then he went to India. He hoped that the trip would give him some new ideas and give him a ___21___ in life. After he returned from India, he went to California and lived on a farm for a year. In 1975, he began to ___22___ a new type of computer. He designed the Apple Computer with his friend in his garage. He ___23___ the name “Apple” just because it could help him to remember a happy summer he once spent in an apple tree garden. His Apple Computer was such a great success that he soon became a ___24___ designer all over the world. So I think we should often use our ____25____ and often ask why. Whatever we do, we must try our best to do it. I think we must be successful one day. 16. A. So B. Because C. Although D. However 17. A. always B. hardly C. seldom D. never 18. A. college B. company C. society D. middle school 19. A. computers B. games C. ideas D. mobile phones 20. A. worked for B. worked as C. worked in D. worked at 21 A. place B. change C. computer D. plane 22. A. make B. play C. buy D. sell 23. A. disliked B. copied C. wrote D. chose 24. A. patient B. careful C. successful D. hard-working 25. A. feet B. bands C. body D. brains 三、阅读（共两节，满分35分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，然后从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。 (A) AI (人工智能) makes our lives easier and better. Let’s see some amazing AIs. Cool driverless (无人驾驶的) bus Apolong is a driverless bus. Its door will open to you by itself. The bus can hold 14 people and doesn’t need a driver. It follows traffic rules. It stops every time when it sees a stop light. Your close friend Xiaoice is a robot. If you feel lonely, you can talk with it. It is good at singing, writing poems and telling stories. You can make friends with it! World’s first AI anchor (主播) See this picture! The famous Chinese anchor Qiu Hao is reporting the news. But “he” is not the real Qiu Hao. It is the world’s first AI anchor. It looks and speaks just like a real person. It speaks both Chinese and English. It can work 24 hours without any mistakes. Popular AI artist A beautiful painting was sold for about 3,000,000 yuan in 2018. But it isn’t a work by a famous painter such as Vincent Van Gogh. It was painted by an AI artist. Three Frenchmen created it. The AI artist imitated (临摹) over 15000 works to learn to paint. Now it is one of the most popular artists in the world. 26. Xiaoice can do the following things EXCEPT ________. A. going out to play with you B. talking with you if you feel lonely C. being your friend D. singing, writing poems and telling stories 27. What can we know about the painting? A. Vincent Van Gogh painted it. B. It was sold for about 3,000,000 yuan in 2018. C. The AI artist imitated it. D. It is the most popular painting in the world. 28. This passage is probably from ________. A. a travel guide B. a story book C. a school report D. a science magazine (B) letter I V X L C D M value 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000 Roman numbers are the number system with hundreds of years’ history. They were created by the Romans with seven letters: I, V, X, L, C, D and M. Their meanings are as follows. Hand signals（ 手 势 ）may tell us how Roman numbers were invented. “I”, a single line, is one finger, and “V” means five fingers. “X” is two hands showing two fives with thumbs(拇指) crossed, like the shape “X”. Roman numbers are read from left to right. The order of the letters is important. There are two main rules. If a letter comes before a letter of greater value, you use subtraction. For example, IV is 4 and XC is 90. If one or more letters come after a letter of greater value, you add them. For example, XII equals 12; CXIII means 113. Roman numbers have played an important part in Roman times. People used them in everyday business, engineering and maths. People in Europe kept using them until the 15th century. Later, people realized the Arabic numbers were easier when they had to calculate larger numbers. Also, zero was not in the Roman number system. It was a big problem in maths. However, Roman numbers are still used on watches and clocks to show people the time. In the names of streets and buildings, you can also see them. Subjects like chemistry and music might still use them. Besides, they are used to refer to kings and queens, such as Queen Elizabeth II. While they are not the main number system in modern maths, they are still around us. 29 Which of following stands for “subtraction” in Paragraph 4? A. B. C. D. 30. What does the Roman number LXXII mean? A. 28 B. 32 C. 68 D. 72 31. Why were Roman numbers important in Roman times? A. Because they were easier than the Arabic numbers. B. Because Europeans had to calculate larger numbers. C. Because people widely used them in their daily life. D. Because the number zero brought a problem to maths. 32. What does “they” in the last paragraph refer to? A. Arabic numbers. B. Roman numbers. C. Subjects like music. D. Watches and clocks. (C) The umbrella is a very common object. It keeps the rain and the sun off the people. Umbrellas can be folded up so it is easy to carry them. However, the umbrella has not always been as common as it is now. In the past, it was a symbol of importance. Some African countries still use umbrellas in this way. Someone carries an umbrella behind the king or important person. Umbrellas are very old. People in different parts of the world began to use umbrellas at different times. The Chinese had them more than 3000 years ago. From then on, people brought umbrella to India and Egypt. In Greece and Kome, men wouldn’t use them. They believed umbrellas were only for women. England was probably the first country in Europe where common people used umbrellas against rain. The weather there is very wet and umbrellas are very useful. Everybody uses umbrellas today. The next time you carry one, just think that for centuries only great men and women used them. You will feel you are important people, too. 33. What is the umbrella used for? A. Keeping the rain off. B. Keeping the rain and the sun off. C. Keeping the sun off. D. Keeping the wind off. 34. What does the underlined word “be folded up” mean in Chinese? A. 撑开 B. 关闭 C. 闲置 D. 折叠 35. Which country is the earliest country that used umbrellas? A. England. B. China. C. India. D. Egypt. 36 What is the best title of this passage? A. The Development of Umbrellas B. How to Use Umbrellas C. Umbrellas Are Used for Keeping off the Rain and Cloud D. Umbrellas Are Unimportant for Us (D) Good morning, my dear classmates. I am very pleased to introduce my favorite scientist, Charles Darwin. I searched for all the information from the Internet. I am happy to share it with you. Charles Robert Darwin was born on February 12, 1809 in Shrewsbury, England, the same day as Abraham Lincoln. Charles wasn’t the best student in his school. When he was 16, his father sent him to a medical school. Charles liked spending time outdoors discovering nature more than attending medical classes. He left school without finishing it. Then, Charles’s father sent him to another school to make him become a minister (牧师). He made it to graduation, but he didn’t want to become a minister. His real dream was to be a scientist. After graduation, someone invited Charles to sail on the Beagle as a scientist without any money. The Beagle was to travel to South America and then around the world. Their work was to make maps of the places they visited. The trip was planned to last for two years, but in fact, it lasted for five years. During this time, he saw many amazing things. He collected lots of plants and animals and took them back to England to study. Several years later, Darwin published an important scientific paper. He is famous for the theories of evolution and natural selection (物竞天择). 37. When did Darwin go to the medical school? A. In 1809. B. In 1825. C. In 1849. D. In 1828. 38. What did Darwin want to be? A. A doctor. B. A minister. C. A scientist. D. A traveler. 39. Which of the following statements about Darwin is TRUE according to the article? A. Darwin always got good grades at school. B. Darwin was born on the same day as Abraham Lincoln. C. Darwin sailed on the Beagle and got much money. D. The Beagle trip lasted for two years. 40. What’s the purpose of the Beagle trip? A. To discover plants and animals. B. To collect useful things for the paper. C. To travel for fun. D. To make maps of some places. 第二节 阅读填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入1~5各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In the modern world, people use money every day. Money is very important in our life. ____41____ But I think few people know about the history of money. ____42____ They lived with family and lived on wild animals, fruits and other plants. And they also made things they need by themselves. As time passed, people learned to keep animals and grow crops. Sometimes, families would produce more things than they needed. Then exchange（交换）started to happen between families. They exchanged things they didn’t need for that they wanted. Later, people began to use money as an exchanging way. ____43____ They used other things as money, like shells, rice, salt, stone, etc. After 600 BC, people began using coins as money. ____44____ Later, countries began to make their own coins. Ancient China was the first to make paper money, probably in the 11th century. The Italian traveler Marco Polo saw Chinese people using paper money when he visited China in the 1200s. ____45____ Today, we have many new ways to pay for things. A. Long time ago, people did not use money. B. They soon found that coins were easier to carry. C. But the money they used was not the same as we use today. D. That’s because without money, you can’t buy anything you want. E. However, European countries did not start using paper money until the 1600s. 四、写作 第一节 语篇填词（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 根据下列语篇及所缺单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答题卡时，要求写出完整单词。（每空只写一词） Jack was b___46___ in 2000. He lived in a small village with his parents. He was a w___47___ man. When he was young, he wanted to be an i___48___. He carried a notebook with him all the time. His notebook included many drawings of different inventions. In order to achieve his dream, Jack worked very hard. He studied 12 hours a day, especially at weekends. Later, he c___49___ many new things and made his dream come true. He also w___50___ many prizes because of his inventions. 第二节 完成句子（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） 51. 莉莉喜欢用她的手机上网。 Lily liked to __________ __________ __________ __________ through her phone. 52. 在过去，她总是很期待和朋友一起玩手机游戏。 In the past, she always __________ __________ __________ __________ mobile games with her friends. 53. 莉莉的妈妈在一家医院当医生。 Lily’s mother __________ __________ a doctor in a hospital 54. 她妈妈认为玩手机游戏对青少年的眼睛有害。 Her mother thinks that playing mobile games __________ __________ __________ teenagers’ eyes. 55. 所以，莉莉的妈妈经常阻止她玩太多手机游戏。 Therefore, Lily’s mother often __________ __________ __________ playing too many mobile games. 56. 此外，妈妈建议她去进行运动而不是待在家。 __________ __________, her mother advises her to play sports __________ __________ staying at home. 57. 这样，她就不再需要依靠手机获得快乐。 In this way, she doesn’t need to __________ __________ phones to have fun any more. 58. 自那以后，莉莉就不再玩手机游戏了。 __________ __________, Lily has never played mobile games. 59. 现在她喜欢游泳，打羽毛球，旅游，等等。 Now she enjoys going swimming, playing badminton, going travelling __________ __________ __________. 60. 莉莉的生活方式正在变得越来越好。 Lily’s lifestyle is becoming __________ __________ __________. 第三节 书面表达（共1题；满分15分） 61. 你们学校校报将出版一期以computer为主题的专刊，号召全体同学积极投稿。请你根据以下所给的内容提示，写一篇英语短文。 电脑的地位 最伟大的发明之一；在我们的日常生活中越来越重要。 电脑的用途 1. 搜索信息，获得更多新知识（knowledge），有助于我们学习; 2. 可以听歌、看电影等有利于我们放松心情； 3. 可以结交来自全世界的朋友，与他人保持联系。 你的观点或建议 （合理使用电脑） 不少于两点。 注意： ①不少于 80 词（文章开头已给出，不计入词数）； ②不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。 Nowadays, the computer plays a very important role in our society. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $