精品解析：北京师范大学附属中学2025-2026学年九年级上学期开学考试英语试卷

北京师大附中2025—2026学年第一学期 初三英语开学适应性练习 考生须知 1. 本试卷有五道大题，共10页。考试时长70分钟，满分70分。 2. 在试卷和答题纸上准确填写班级、姓名、学号。 3. 考生务必将答案填写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。 4. 考试结束后，考生应将答题纸交回。 第一部分 本部分共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。 一、单项填空（每题0.5分，共6分） 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. The bread smells ________ and sells ________. A. good; good B. well; well C. good; well D. well; good 2. This bed ________ soft and comfortable. A. touches B. feels C. smells D. tastes 3. We usually have the first class ________8:00 in the morning. A. of B. in C. at D. on 4. My grandparents ________ in that city since 2008. A. will live B. live C. were living D. have lived 5. —Hello. Is Lucy at home? —No, she ________ the library. She ________ a message for you just now. A. has been in is leaving B. has gone to, left C. has been to, has left D. went to, left 6. A young man ________ from the wall and ________ his shoulders. A. fell; hurt B. falls; hurt C. fell; hurts D. felt; hurt 7. —Would you like to see the film YOLO with us? —I’d love to! But I ________ it. A. see B. saw C. have seen D. will see 8. Which of the following sentences follows the structure of “S（主）+V（谓）+IO（间宾）+DO（直宾）”? A. Autumn leaves turn brown. B. Tommy does some reading every day. C. I found him very interesting. D. Sandy’s mum bought her a new hat. 9. The sports meeting won’t begin until 10:00 a.m., ________ there is no need for you to get up early. A. or B. so C. but D. for 10. The weatherman says it ________ tomorrow morning. A. will rain B. rains C. was raining D. rained 11. Sora surprises the world with very wonderful videos. I wonder ________. A. how soon will Sora be widely put into use B. how long it takes Sora to turn words into a video C. that Sora has more advantages than ChatGPT D. how does Sora turns words into a 60-second video 12. —Do you know ________? —Sure. It’s about 7 million. A. how many is the population of Hong Kong B. how many the population of Hong Kong is C. what the population of Hong Kong is D. what is the population of Hong Kong 二、完形填空（每小题1分，共8分） 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Self-satisfaction—A deadly Competitor I am Peggy Fleming, a coach in the figure-skating team. I remember I suffered a serious failure when I was only 10 years old and the ____13____ helped me win the Olympic ice-skating championship (冠军). It also gave me a deadly competitor—the other Peggy Fleming. Just before that, I had been roller-skating, playing basketball, and could climb up a tree as well as any boy. So Dad ____14____ me to take skating lessons. And soon I won several local figure-skating prizes. Then came the Pacific Coast Championship in Los Angeles. I, a very ____15____ young girl, proud of the praise from friends and newspapers, walked into the gym expecting to add another great honor to my recent success. Out on the ice, I totally enjoyed myself, flying through all kinds of figures I knew so well. But when the results were reported, I was shocked—out of the 12 competitors I had finished last! The lesson burned as bright as my skate knives: “You didn’t skate your best!” I knew that only one person had ____16____ me that day—myself, my own self-satisfaction. The rules of figure-skating are: There are 69 figures in all. A skater must do five figures for the Olympics, but you aren’t told which figures these will be until the last minute. So you must be very familiar with the 69 figures. When I ____17____ every time, I would practice the same 69 figures over and over, eight hours a day. Often in the middle of practicing a figure, the other Peggy Fleming would say in a low voice, “Good enough—why force yourself so ____18____?” At this time, I remembered the lesson in Los Angeles. Now I skate professionally—teach teenagers how to skate. But I still ____19____ this competitor, myself. I surely believe that each of us has a special talent. And if we lock our talent because of our own self-satisfaction, simply do not want to make ____20____ or fear trying, we will fail. 13. A. competition B. failure C. result D. rule 14. A. chose B. ordered C. promised D. encouraged 15. A. careful B. honest C. confident D. beautiful 16. A. taught B. supported C. beaten D. reminded 17. A. trained B. learnt C. fought D. shared 18. A. hard B. fast C. easily D. happily 19. A. help B. face C. warn D. praise 20. A. sense B. efforts C. decision D. mistakes 三、阅读理解（每小题2分，共26分） A篇 ①Old habits, especially bad ones, can be hard to break. ②People often make fun of New Year’s resolutions (决心). However, resolutions present a big opportunity for self-improvement. Fortunately, social science has some idea about how to start a good habit and stick to it. ③Gary Charness and Uri Gneezy, two scientists at the University of Chicago, did research, where 120 students were asked to come to take part in an experiment about exercise habits, and each of them would get $175 in the end. The students were randomly assigned (随机分配) to three groups. The first group got the money for just giving researchers permission (允许) to record their gym attendance. The second group gave permission but had to go to the gym at least once the next month. The final group gave permission and had to go to the gym eight times that month. ④Unsurprisingly, the group that had to make eight gym visits to get paid exercised more than the other two groups. And after the payments stopped, these students went to the gym about twice as often as the other two groups. ⑤In another study, researchers invited 151 students to work out in the gym and randomly assigned 75 to a “temptation-bundling” group. As they exercised, they listened to the start of an attractive audio-novel. At the end of their workout, participants (参与者) were told that if they wanted to hear what happened next in their book, they had to come back to the gym. They could only listen to the audiobook while exercising. The other 76 students also completed the first workout but without any kind of temptation bundle. ⑥It turned out participants in the temptation-bundling group visited the gym 27% more often than the control group over the next seven weeks. Sadly, the temptation-bundling trick fell apart over the Thanksgiving holiday when the gym was closed. 21. What can we learn from the two studies? A. The students got different payments according to their gym attendance. B. The temptation-bundling group loved audio-novels more than the other group. C. The students who exercised more often at first were more likely to keep working out. D. 27% of students in the temptation-bundling group exercised more often than before. 22. The third paragraph is mainly about ________. A. what was found in the research B. how the research was performed C. who took part in the research D. why the scientists did the research 23. The underlined word “temptation-bundling” in Paragraph 5 probably means ________. A. pushing yourself by doing two tasks at the same time B. improving your workout skills by listening to audio-books C. forming new habits by trying something you didn’t like before D. connecting something you like with something you have to do 24. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A To present a new way to do scientific research. B. To offer advice on how to develop a good habit. C. To encourage people to go to the gym more often. D. To stress the importance of New Year’s resolutions. B篇 ①Most adults show less interest in climate (气候) change than young people. Yet it’s adults who have the power to influence the policies (政策) causing climate change. Now a new study shows that teenagers may be able to raise their parents’ interest in human effects on climate. ②In the study, a new curriculum (课程) was used in some schools in coastal North Carolina. The students worked on four activities centered on the connections between climate change and local wildlife. They also took part in a community-based project and interviewed their parents about the changes in weather they had noticed in their lifetimes. To see how attitudes changed as a result of the program, the researchers surveyed both students and parents at the beginning and the end of the study. ③The study shows the students who completed the climate change module cared more about the issue (问题). The effect was even stronger among parents. Experts say the program’s success had a lot to do with how teachers dealt with climate change in the classroom. ④“Reading a textbook and completing a worksheet are unlikely to lead students to talk about their day at the dinner table,” says Martha Monroe, an expert on environmental education at the University of Florida. Instead, the researchers designed hands-on lessons focused on local issues. For example, one task involved monitoring the weather outside the school and comparing it with historical information about the area. ⑤Those activities may have helped increase parental involvement. “If you can get kids so excited and talking with their parents about what they are learning in schools, parents will want to learn,” says Danielle Lawson, a social scientist and leading researcher of the study. However, she adds, “We are not telling the students what to think or what to say. That way, kids didn’t feel that there was all this responsibility put on them to change their parents’ minds about anything.” ⑥Lawson is hopeful that kids can boost their parents’ understanding of climate science. “I know how powerful kids can be,” Lawson says. “Kids don’t need a special curriculum to discuss climate change at home. They just need to talk to their parents about what they see going on.” 25. The second paragraph is mainly about ________. A. how the activities were designed B. how the study was carried out C. why a new curriculum was introduced D. why both students and parents were surveyed 26. What can we learn about the new curriculum from the passage? A It developed students’ communication skills. B. It focused on lessons about climate change in textbooks. C. It created more chances for families to talk about climate change. D. It helped students feel responsible to change their parents. 27. The word “boost” in the last paragraph probably means ________. A. check B. express C. share D. improve C篇 ①Learning to play the piano is an exciting journey that goes beyond (超过) just pressing the right keys. It’s a journey that causes changes in brain activity over time. As we start on this musical adventure, certain parts of our brains become highly active. These parts help us remember and explain what we see, hear, and feel. However, as we progress and become more skilled, these areas of activity start to drop. ②Scientists have long been interested in the effects of learning an instrument on the brain. To explore this interesting subject, Alicia Olszewska and her team from the Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology in Poland carried out a study with 24 people learning the piano over 26 weeks. After 1, 6, 13, and 26 weeks of training, the researchers used functional magnetic resonance imaging (功能性磁共振成像) to watch the participants’ (参与者的) brain activity while they tried to play the increasingly difficult pieces. ③The result showed that playing the piano activates (激活) different areas across the brain, including the auditory cortices (听觉皮层) that are required in managing sounds and the motor cortices (运动皮层) required in the planning and making of movements. Interestingly, while the areas responsible for hearing remained relatively balanced over the 26 weeks, those required in movement presented lowered activity. A reduction in brain activity symbolizes its improvement, which would be expected as the participants’ piano-playing skills progressed, says Olszewska. ④The result also showed that learning to play the instrument activates other areas of the brain including parts of the parietal cortex (顶叶皮层), which connect different kinds of sensory information. Furthermore, Olszewska’s team discovered that as people progress in their learning journey, parts of the brain related to memory and those controlling movement become more active. Activity in these areas similarly dropped as the participants’ training progressed. According to Olszewska, as people progress in their musical skills, their brains become more skilled at managing music. ⑤In a word, learning to play the piano is more than just developing a skill. It’s a groundbreaking experience that changes how our brains work, showing the amazing effectiveness of the human brain. 28. What happens to brain activity while learning to play the piano? A. It increases rapidly. B. It remains the same. C. It becomes balanced. D. It drops gradually. 29. What can we learn from Olszewska’s study? A. Piano playing activates areas of the brain connected with smell. B. Learning to play the piano has no effect on brain activity. C. The brain becomes better at managing music as piano skills improve. D. Brain activity increases over time when learning to play the piano. 30. What is the main idea of the passage? A. What effects music has on memory. B What reduction in brain activity symbolizes. C. How learning to play an instrument benefits us. D. How learning the piano changes brain activity. D篇 ①In the 1966 science-fiction (科幻) film Fantastic Voyage, a team of scientists and doctors are put into the body of an ill man to fix his body. ②Such an idea, while fun, sounds surprising to many. But what if it were possible to treat an illness like cancer (癌症) by putting tiny pieces of something into the body to not only find the cancer, but also destroy it without harming anything else? Although it may seem like science fiction, tools like this are now being developed and may, in fact, become common in the near future—thanks to research now being done in the field of nanotechnology (纳米科技). ③The main thing to know about nanotechnology is that it’s small—really small. Using this technology, it will be possible to discover cancer at a certain level where there are perhaps only a thousand bad cells (细胞). Compare this to what happens today: Doctors can discover cancer only after the dangerous cells have increased into the millions. One of the advantages of discovering and treating cancer at an early period is that the cells are less likely to become resistant to medical treatment. In later periods, cancer cells often change and get used to certain medicine so quickly that many medicines become ineffective. ④Once a certain type of cancer is discovered, nanotechnology will also completely improve the way it is treated. Right now, most cancer treatments kill not only cancerous cells but the healthy ones as well, causing a number of side effects in people, such as hair loss and bad pain. Nanotechnology will allow doctors to destroy cancerous cells without harming healthy cells. ⑤Unluckily, even though nanotechnology has great possibility of medical achievement, there are serious concerns that it could have bad environmental and health effects. Many scientists believe that governments should give more money for safety-related studies—to make sure that these tiny pieces of something do not get into our food and water and cause serious problems. ⑥Meanwhile, research into the uses of nanotechnology continues and it’s developing quickly. Even ten years ago, many of these uses “would have seemed pretty unrealistic,” says Chemist Vicki Colvin. Perhaps that old movie, Fantastic Voyage, isn’t hard to believe after all. 31. According to the passage, nanotechnology ________. A. may cause a number of side effects such as hair loss B. may help discover and treat cancer before it is too late C. can be used to kill both cancerous cells and healthy ones D. can discover cancer and treat it completely in later period 32. The words “resistant to” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”. A. useless for B. harmless to C. unsatisfied with D. undestroyed by 33. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. A Treatment for Cancer? B. A Tool for Creating Medicine? C. The Near Future of Science Fiction D. The Advantages of Nanotechnology 第二部分-词汇翻译练习 本部分共6题，共30分。 四、句子翻译练习。（每小题5分，共30分） 34. You’d better not look up each new word in the English-Chinese dictionary while you are reading the English newspaper or novel. ________________________________________ 35. Before they graduate from universities, these volunteers with the united uniforms are all pleased to serve all the visitors from all over the world. ________________________________________ 36. Since the clever boy realizes that he himself is keen on chemistry, he makes a decision to study this interesting subject well with the help of his teacher. ________________________________________ 37. After he took the medicine, the sick soldier felt very weak and finally fell asleep, so you had better leave him alone and not go around. ________________________________________ 38. This brave wounded fireman deserved the praise because he was not frightened by the danger of smoke and saved all the graduates from the burning teaching building. ________________________________________ 39. During the concert, it is not polite to use the camera with the flash or pick up your phone in front of other audiences, and it is even rude to communicate with your partners. ________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京师大附中2025—2026学年第一学期 初三英语开学适应性练习 考生须知 1. 本试卷有五道大题，共10页。考试时长70分钟，满分70分。 2. 在试卷和答题纸上准确填写班级、姓名、学号。 3. 考生务必将答案填写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。 4. 考试结束后，考生应将答题纸交回。 第一部分 本部分共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。 一、单项填空（每题0.5分，共6分） 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. The bread smells ________ and sells ________. A. good; good B. well; well C. good; well D. well; good 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：面包闻起来很香，卖得很好。 考查形容词和副词用法。good好的，形容词；well好，副词。感官动词“smells”此处作连系动词，后面接形容词作表语；“sell”为实义动词，需用副词修饰。故选C。 2. This bed ________ soft and comfortable. A. touches B. feels C. smells D. tastes 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：这张床摸起来柔软舒服。 考查动词辨析。touches触摸；feels感觉起来；smells闻起来；tastes尝起来。根据“soft and comfortable”可知，此处表示摸起来柔软舒服。“feel”作系动词时表示“给人以……感觉”，后接形容词“soft and comfortable”描述主语特征，符合语境。故选B。 3. We usually have the first class ________8:00 in the morning. A. of B. in C. at D. on 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们通常在早上8点上第一节课。 考查介词辨析。of……的；in在，后面接某年某月某季节；at在，后面接具体时刻；on在，后面接具体的一天。根据“8:00”可知，具体时刻前用介词at。故选C。 4. My grandparents ________ in that city since 2008. A. will live B. live C. were living D. have lived 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：我的祖父母自2008年以来一直住在那个城市。 考查时态。根据“since 2008”可知，此处表示从过去持续到现在的动作，应使用现在完成时，其构成为主语+have/has+done。故选D。 5. —Hello. Is Lucy at home? —No, she ________ the library. She ________ a message for you just now. A. has been in, is leaving B. has gone to, left C. has been to, has left D. went to, left 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你好，露西在家吗？——不在，她去图书馆了。她刚刚给你留了条消息。 考查动词时态及短语辨析。has gone to去了某地（尚未回来）；has been to去过某地（已返回）；has been in持续待在某地；went to为一般过去时。根据“Hello. Is Lucy at home?”及“No,”可知，第一空表示“去了某地（未回来）”，用has gone to；第二空根据“just now”可知，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，其构成为主语+动词过去式。故选B。 6. A young man ________ from the wall and ________ his shoulders. A. fell; hurt B. falls; hurt C. fell; hurts D. felt; hurt 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：一名年轻男子从墙上摔了下来，伤了肩膀。 考查动词辨析和时态。fall摔倒；felt是feel过去式，意为“感受到”。根据“A young man...from the wall and...his shoulders.”可知，此处应是指男子从墙上摔了下来，可排除选项D；主语是第三人称单数，如果用一般现在时，谓语动词应用三单形式falls和hurts，但没有合适的选项；因此句子应该使用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式fell和hurt。故选A。 7. —Would you like to see the film YOLO with us? —I’d love to! But I ________ it. A. see B. saw C. have seen D. will see 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你想和我们一起看电影《热辣滚烫》吗？——我很乐意！但我已经看过了。 考查时态。根据“I’d love to! But I...it”可知转折词后表示自己已经看过这部电影了，表示过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时have/has done。故选C。 8. Which of the following sentences follows the structure of “S（主）+V（谓）+IO（间宾）+DO（直宾）”? A. Autumn leaves turn brown. B. Tommy does some reading every day. C. I found him very interesting. D. Sandy’s mum bought her a new hat. 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：桑迪的妈妈给她买了一顶新帽子。 考查句子结构。题干要求选择符合“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”结构的句子。A项为“主语+谓语+表语”结构；B项为“主语+谓语+宾语”结构；C项为“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”结构；D项“bought her a new hat”中“her”为间接宾语，“a new hat”为直接宾语，完全符合题干结构要求。故选D。 9. The sports meeting won’t begin until 10:00 a.m., ________ there is no need for you to get up early. A. or B. so C. but D. for 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：运动会要到上午10点才开始，所以你没必要早起。 考查连词辨析。or或者；so所以；but但是；for因为。根据“The sports meeting won’t begin until 10:00 a.m.”可知，前句是后句的原因，后句是结果，所以用so连接。故选B。 10. The weatherman says it ________ tomorrow morning. A. will rain B. rains C. was raining D. rained 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：天气预报员说明天早上会下雨。 考查一般将来时。根据时间状语“tomorrow morning”可知，句子描述的是将来发生的动作，需用“will+动词原形”结构表示一般将来时。故选A。 11. Sora surprises the world with very wonderful videos. I wonder ________. A. how soon will Sora be widely put into use B. how long it takes Sora to turn words into a video C. that Sora has more advantages than ChatGPT D. how does Sora turns words into a 60-second video 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：索拉用非常精彩的视频给世界带来惊喜。我想知道索拉要花多长时间才能把文字变成视频。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句语序为陈述语序，排除选项A、D；根据“wonder”可知不能用that引导从句。故选B。 12. —Do you know ________? —Sure. It’s about 7 million. A. how many is the population of Hong Kong B how many the population of Hong Kong is C. what the population of Hong Kong is D. what is the population of Hong Kong 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你知道香港的人口是多少吗？——当然知道。大约700万。 考查宾语从句。how many is the population of Hong Kong香港的人口是多少，疑问语序，但不符合询问人口常用句型；how many the population of Hong Kong is香港的人口是多少，陈述语序，但不符合询问人口常用句型；what the population of Hong Kong is香港的人口是多少，陈述语序；what is the population of Hong Kong香港的人口是多少，疑问语序。根据选项“the population of Hong Kong”可知此处询问人口，应该用what引导宾语从句，排除A和B选项。又因为宾语从句的语序为陈述语序，谓语动词is应该放在主语the population of Hong Kong后，故选C。 二、完形填空（每小题1分，共8分） 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Self-satisfaction—A deadly Competitor I am Peggy Fleming, a coach in the figure-skating team. I remember I suffered a serious failure when I was only 10 years old and the ____13____ helped me win the Olympic ice-skating championship (冠军). It also gave me a deadly competitor—the other Peggy Fleming. Just before that, I had been roller-skating, playing basketball, and could climb up a tree as well as any boy. So Dad ____14____ me to take skating lessons. And soon I won several local figure-skating prizes. Then came the Pacific Coast Championship in Los Angeles. I, a very ____15____ young girl, proud of the praise from friends and newspapers, walked into the gym expecting to add another great honor to my recent success. Out on the ice, I totally enjoyed myself, flying through all kinds of figures I knew so well. But when the results were reported, I was shocked—out of the 12 competitors I had finished last! The lesson burned as bright as my skate knives: “You didn’t skate your best!” I knew that only one person had ____16____ me that day—myself, my own self-satisfaction. The rules of figure-skating are: There are 69 figures in all. A skater must do five figures for the Olympics, but you aren’t told which figures these will be until the last minute. So you must be very familiar with the 69 figures. When I ____17____ every time, I would practice the same 69 figures over and over, eight hours a day. Often in the middle of practicing a figure, the other Peggy Fleming would say in a low voice, “Good enough—why force yourself so ____18____?” At this time, I remembered the lesson in Los Angeles. Now I skate professionally—teach teenagers how to skate. But I still ____19____ this competitor, myself. I surely believe that each of us has a special talent. And if we lock our talent because of our own self-satisfaction, simply do not want to make ____20____ or fear trying, we will fail. 13. A. competition B. failure C. result D. rule 14. A. chose B. ordered C. promised D. encouraged 15. A. careful B. honest C. confident D. beautiful 16. A. taught B. supported C. beaten D. reminded 17. A. trained B. learnt C. fought D. shared 18. A. hard B. fast C. easily D. happily 19 A. help B. face C. warn D. praise 20. A. sense B. efforts C. decision D. mistakes 【答案】13. B 14. D 15. C 16. C 17. A 18. A 19. B 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文中主人公佩吉·弗莱明通过自身经历揭示了自满如何成为成功之路上的致命对手，她以一次惨败为转折点，认识到只有不断挑战自我、超越“足够好”的惰性，才能释放真正的潜能。 【13题详解】 句意：我记得在我年仅10岁时，一次严重的​​失败帮助我赢得了奥运会滑冰冠军。 competition竞赛；failure失败；result结果；rule规则。根据“a serious failure”可知，此处第二次提到那次失败，指出那次失败后来帮我赢得冠军。故选B。 【14题详解】 句意：于是爸爸​​鼓励我去上滑冰课。 chose选择；ordered命令；promised承诺；encouraged鼓励。根据“I had been roller-skating, playing basketball, and could climb up a tree as well as any boy.”可知，我很爱运动，父亲对我上滑冰课很支持，鼓励我去做。故选D。 【15题详解】 句意：我，一个非常​​自信的小女孩，对朋友和报纸的赞扬感到自豪，走进体育馆，期望为我近期的成功再添一项荣誉。 careful仔细的；honest诚实的；confident自信的；beautiful美丽的。根据“proud of the praise from friends and newspapers”可知，我对于获得的赞扬很自豪，是个自信的人。故选C。 【16题详解】 句意：我知道，那天只有一个人​​击败了我——我自己，我自己的自满。 taught教；supported支持；beaten打败；reminded提醒。根据“out of the 12 competitors I had finished last!”可知，我比赛失利了。所以赛后自己总结到：打败我的是我自己。故选C。 【17题详解】 句意：每次​​训练时，我都会反复练习这69个图形，每天八小时。 trained训练；learnt学习；fought斗争；shared分享。根据“I would practice the same 69 figures over and over, eight hours a day.”可知，我每天训练8个小时。故选A。 【18题详解】 句意：够好了——何必把自己逼得这么​​辛苦​​？ hard艰难地，辛苦地；fast快速地；easily容易地；happily开心地。根据“Good enough”可知，另一个我在劝诫自己，认为自己已经足够好了，为什么要逼迫自己那么辛苦。故选A。 【19题详解】 句意：但我仍然要​​面对这个竞争对手，我自己。 help帮助；face面对；warn警告；praise表扬。根据“But I still…this competitor, myself.”可知，我每天都要面对自己。自己的对手是自己。故选B。 【20题详解】 句意：如果我们因为自满而锁住自己的天赋，仅仅是不愿付出​​努力或害怕尝试，我们就会失败。 sense感知；efforts努力；decision决定；mistakes错误。根据“simply do not want to make…or fear trying, we will fail.”再结合上文中另一个自己悄声对正努力的自己说“可以了，你已经足够好了”可知，不想努力或害怕常识，都会导致失败。故选B。 三、阅读理解（每小题2分，共26分） A篇 ①Old habits, especially bad ones, can be hard to break. ②People often make fun of New Year’s resolutions (决心). However, resolutions present a big opportunity for self-improvement. Fortunately, social science has some idea about how to start a good habit and stick to it. ③Gary Charness and Uri Gneezy, two scientists at the University of Chicago, did research, where 120 students were asked to come to take part in an experiment about exercise habits, and each of them would get $175 in the end. The students were randomly assigned (随机分配) to three groups. The first group got the money for just giving researchers permission (允许) to record their gym attendance. The second group gave permission but had to go to the gym at least once the next month. The final group gave permission and had to go to the gym eight times that month. ④Unsurprisingly, the group that had to make eight gym visits to get paid exercised more than the other two groups. And after the payments stopped, these students went to the gym about twice as often as the other two groups. ⑤In another study, researchers invited 151 students to work out in the gym and randomly assigned 75 to a “temptation-bundling” group. As they exercised, they listened to the start of an attractive audio-novel. At the end of their workout, participants (参与者) were told that if they wanted to hear what happened next in their book, they had to come back to the gym. They could only listen to the audiobook while exercising. The other 76 students also completed the first workout but without any kind of temptation bundle. ⑥It turned out participants in the temptation-bundling group visited the gym 27% more often than the control group over the next seven weeks. Sadly, the temptation-bundling trick fell apart over the Thanksgiving holiday when the gym was closed. 21. What can we learn from the two studies? A. The students got different payments according to their gym attendance. B. The temptation-bundling group loved audio-novels more than the other group. C. The students who exercised more often at first were more likely to keep working out. D. 27% of students in the temptation-bundling group exercised more often than before. 22. The third paragraph is mainly about ________. A. what was found in the research B. how the research was performed C. who took part in the research D. why the scientists did the research 23. The underlined word “temptation-bundling” in Paragraph 5 probably means ________. A. pushing yourself by doing two tasks at the same time B. improving your workout skills by listening to audio-books C. forming new habits by trying something you didn’t like before D. connecting something you like with something you have to do 24. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To present a new way to do scientific research. B. To offer advice on how to develop a good habit. C. To encourage people to go to the gym more often. D. To stress the importance of New Year’s resolutions. 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，通过两项科学研究探讨了如何培养良好习惯的方法。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第4段“the group that had to make eight gym visits…exercised more…after the payments stopped, these students went to the gym about twice as often”和第6段“temptation-bundling group visited the gym 27% more often”可知，最初锻炼频率更高的学生更可能坚持运动。故选C。 【22题详解】 主旨大意题。第3段详细描述了实验设计（分组、任务和报酬），属于研究过程。根据第3段“The students were randomly assigned…The first group… The second group…The final group…”可知，本段重点在实验方法。故选B。 【23题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第5段“they listened to… an attractive audio-novel… could only listen to the audiobook while exercising”可知，“temptation-bundling”是将喜欢的活动（听有声书）与必须做的事（锻炼）绑定。故选D。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。全文通过两项实验（强制锻炼和诱惑捆绑）说明习惯养成的方法。根据第2段“social science has some idea about how to start a good habit”和第6段实验结论可知，作者旨在提供培养习惯的建议。故选B。 B篇 ①Most adults show less interest in climate (气候) change than young people. Yet it’s adults who have the power to influence the policies (政策) causing climate change. Now a new study shows that teenagers may be able to raise their parents’ interest in human effects on climate. ②In the study, a new curriculum (课程) was used in some schools in coastal North Carolina. The students worked on four activities centered on the connections between climate change and local wildlife. They also took part in a community-based project and interviewed their parents about the changes in weather they had noticed in their lifetimes. To see how attitudes changed as a result of the program, the researchers surveyed both students and parents at the beginning and the end of the study. ③The study shows the students who completed the climate change module cared more about the issue (问题). The effect was even stronger among parents. Experts say the program’s success had a lot to do with how teachers dealt with climate change in the classroom. ④“Reading a textbook and completing a worksheet are unlikely to lead students to talk about their day at the dinner table,” says Martha Monroe, an expert on environmental education at the University of Florida. Instead, the researchers designed hands-on lessons focused on local issues. For example, one task involved monitoring the weather outside the school and comparing it with historical information about the area. ⑤Those activities may have helped increase parental involvement. “If you can get kids so excited and talking with their parents about what they are learning in schools, parents will want to learn,” says Danielle Lawson, a social scientist and leading researcher of the study. However, she adds, “We are not telling the students what to think or what to say. That way, kids didn’t feel that there was all this responsibility put on them to change their parents’ minds about anything.” ⑥Lawson is hopeful that kids can boost their parents’ understanding of climate science. “I know how powerful kids can be,” Lawson says. “Kids don’t need a special curriculum to discuss climate change at home. They just need to talk to their parents about what they see going on.” 25. The second paragraph is mainly about ________. A. how the activities were designed B. how the study was carried out C. why a new curriculum was introduced D. why both students and parents were surveyed 26. What can we learn about the new curriculum from the passage? A. It developed students’ communication skills. B. It focused on lessons about climate change in textbooks. C. It created more chances for families to talk about climate change. D. It helped students feel responsible to change their parents. 27. The word “boost” in the last paragraph probably means ________. A. check B. express C. share D. improve 【答案】25. B 26. C 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了研究表明，通过参与气候变化相关课程和实践活动，青少年能够有效提升父母对气候变化问题的关注度和理解。 【25题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段内容“In the study, a new curriculum (课程) was used in some schools… The students worked on four activities… They also took part in a community-based project… To see how attitudes changed… the researchers surveyed both students and parents…”可知，该段主要描述了研究的具体实施过程。故选B。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Instead, the researchers designed hands-on lessons focused on local issues”和第五段“If you can get kids so excited and talking with their parents about what they are learning in schools…”可知，新课程创造了更多家庭讨论气候变化的机会。故选C。 【27题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第六段“Lawson is hopeful that kids can boost their parents’ understanding of climate science”及后文“Kids don’t need a special curriculum to discuss climate change at home. They just need to talk to their parents...” 可知，Lawson希望孩子能促进父母对气候科学的理解，“boost”在此处意为“提高、促进”。故选D。 C篇 ①Learning to play the piano is an exciting journey that goes beyond (超过) just pressing the right keys. It’s a journey that causes changes in brain activity over time. As we start on this musical adventure, certain parts of our brains become highly active. These parts help us remember and explain what we see, hear, and feel. However, as we progress and become more skilled, these areas of activity start to drop. ②Scientists have long been interested in the effects of learning an instrument on the brain. To explore this interesting subject, Alicia Olszewska and her team from the Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology in Poland carried out a study with 24 people learning the piano over 26 weeks. After 1, 6, 13, and 26 weeks of training, the researchers used functional magnetic resonance imaging (功能性磁共振成像) to watch the participants’ (参与者的) brain activity while they tried to play the increasingly difficult pieces. ③The result showed that playing the piano activates (激活) different areas across the brain, including the auditory cortices (听觉皮层) that are required in managing sounds and the motor cortices (运动皮层) required in the planning and making of movements. Interestingly, while the areas responsible for hearing remained relatively balanced over the 26 weeks, those required in movement presented lowered activity. A reduction in brain activity symbolizes its improvement, which would be expected as the participants’ piano-playing skills progressed, says Olszewska. ④The result also showed that learning to play the instrument activates other areas of the brain, including parts of the parietal cortex (顶叶皮层), which connect different kinds of sensory information. Furthermore, Olszewska’s team discovered that as people progress in their learning journey, parts of the brain related to memory and those controlling movement become more active. Activity in these areas similarly dropped as the participants’ training progressed. According to Olszewska, as people progress in their musical skills, their brains become more skilled at managing music. ⑤In a word, learning to play the piano is more than just developing a skill. It’s a groundbreaking experience that changes how our brains work, showing the amazing effectiveness of the human brain. 28. What happens to brain activity while learning to play the piano? A. It increases rapidly. B. It remains the same. C. It becomes balanced. D. It drops gradually. 29. What can we learn from Olszewska’s study? A. Piano playing activates areas of the brain connected with smell. B. Learning to play the piano has no effect on brain activity. C. The brain becomes better at managing music as piano skills improve. D. Brain activity increases over time when learning to play the piano. 30. What is the main idea of the passage? A. What effects music has on memory. B. What reduction in brain activity symbolizes. C How learning to play an instrument benefits us. D. How learning the piano changes brain activity. 【答案】28. D 29. C 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文通过科学研究说明学习钢琴会改变大脑活动模式，随着技能提升，大脑管理音乐的能力会增强。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据“However, as we progress and become more skilled, these areas of activity start to drop.”可知，随着钢琴学习技能的提升，大脑活动区域会逐渐减少。故选D。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据“According to Olszewska, as people progress in their musical skills, their brains become more skilled at managing music.”可知，随着钢琴技能的提升，大脑在管理音乐方面会变得更高效。故选C。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是第五段“In a word, learning to play the piano is more than just developing a skill. It’s a groundbreaking experience that changes how our brains work”可知，文章主要讲述学习钢琴如何改变大脑活动。故选D。 D篇 ①In the 1966 science-fiction (科幻) film Fantastic Voyage, a team of scientists and doctors are put into the body of an ill man to fix his body. ②Such an idea, while fun, sounds surprising to many. But what if it were possible to treat an illness like cancer (癌症) by putting tiny pieces of something into the body to not only find the cancer, but also destroy it without harming anything else? Although it may seem like science fiction, tools like this are now being developed and may, in fact, become common in the near future—thanks to research now being done in the field of nanotechnology (纳米科技). ③The main thing to know about nanotechnology is that it’s small—really small. Using this technology, it will be possible to discover cancer at a certain level where there are perhaps only a thousand bad cells (细胞). Compare this to what happens today: Doctors can discover cancer only after the dangerous cells have increased into the millions. One of the advantages of discovering and treating cancer at an early period is that the cells are less likely to become resistant to medical treatment. In later periods, cancer cells often change and get used to certain medicine so quickly that many medicines become ineffective. ④Once a certain type of cancer is discovered, nanotechnology will also completely improve the way it is treated. Right now, most cancer treatments kill not only cancerous cells but the healthy ones as well, causing a number of side effects in people, such as hair loss and bad pain. Nanotechnology will allow doctors to destroy cancerous cells without harming healthy cells. ⑤Unluckily, even though nanotechnology has great possibility of medical achievement, there are serious concerns that it could have bad environmental and health effects. Many scientists believe that governments should give more money for safety-related studies—to make sure that these tiny pieces of something do not get into our food and water and cause serious problems. ⑥Meanwhile, research into the uses of nanotechnology continues and it’s developing quickly. Even ten years ago, many of these uses “would have seemed pretty unrealistic,” says Chemist Vicki Colvin. Perhaps that old movie, Fantastic Voyage, isn’t hard to believe after all. 31. According to the passage, nanotechnology ________. A. may cause a number of side effects such as hair loss B. may help discover and treat cancer before it is too late C. can be used to kill both cancerous cells and healthy ones D. can discover cancer and treat it completely in later period 32. The words “resistant to” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”. A. useless for B. harmless to C. unsatisfied with D. undestroyed by 33. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. A Treatment for Cancer? B. A Tool for Creating Medicine? C. The Near Future of Science Fiction D. The Advantages of Nanotechnology 【答案】31. B 32. D 33. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了纳米技术在癌症早期发现和治疗中的潜在应用及其优势，同时也提到了相关的环境和健康问题。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据“But what if it were possible to treat an illness like cancer (癌症) by putting tiny pieces of something into the body to not only find the cancer, but also destroy it without harming anything else?”可知，纳米技术可能帮助发现和治疗癌症。故选B。 【32题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“In later periods, cancer cells often change and get used to certain medicine so quickly that many medicines become ineffective.”可知，在后期，癌细胞经常发生变化，并很快适应某种药物，以至于许多药物变得无效，也就是对药物治疗产生抗药性。即“resistant to”意为“undestroyed by”。故选D。 【33题详解】 最佳标题题。文章主要讨论了纳米技术在癌症治疗中的应用及其潜在优势，因此最佳标题应为“A Treatment for Cancer?”。故选A。 第二部分-词汇翻译练习 本部分共6题，共30分。 四、句子翻译练习。（每小题5分，共30分） 34. You’d better not look up each new word in the English-Chinese dictionary while you are reading the English newspaper or novel. ________________________________________ 【答案】当你读英语报纸或小说的时候，最好不要每个新单词都查英汉词典。 【解析】 【详解】You’d better not“你最好不要”；look up“查阅”；each new word“每个新单词”；in the English-Chinese dictionary“在英汉词典里”；while“当……时候”；you are reading“你在阅读”；the English newspaper or novel“英语报纸或小说”。故填：当你读英语报纸或小说的时候，最好不要每个新单词都查英汉词典。 35. Before they graduate from universities, these volunteers with the united uniforms are all pleased to serve all the visitors from all over the world. ________________________________________ 【答案】在大学毕业前，这些穿着统一制服的志愿者都乐意为全世界的游客服务。 【解析】 【详解】before“之前”；they“他们”；graduate from universities“从大学毕业”；these“这些”；volunteers“志愿者们”；with“有着”；the united uniforms“统一的制服”；are pleased to“很乐意”；serve“服务”；all“所有的”；visitors“游客”；from“来自”；all over the world“全世界”。故填：在大学毕业前，这些穿着统一制服的志愿者都乐意为全世界的游客服务。 36. Since the clever boy realizes that he himself is keen on chemistry, he makes a decision to study this interesting subject well with the help of his teacher. ________________________________________ 【答案】由于那个聪明的男孩意识到他自己热爱化学，他决定在老师的帮助下好好学这个有趣的学科。 【解析】 【详解】Since“由于”；the clever boy“那个聪明的男孩”；realizes that“意识到”；he himself“他自己”；is keen on chemistry“热爱化学”；he“他”；makes a decision to“决定”；study this interesting subject well“好好学这个有趣的学科”；with the help of his teacher“在老师的帮助下”。故填：由于那个聪明的男孩意识到他自己热爱化学，他决定在老师的帮助下好好学这个有趣的学科。 37. After he took the medicine, the sick soldier felt very weak and finally fell asleep, so you had better leave him alone and not go around. ________________________________________ 【答案】吃过药后，那个生病士兵感到很虚弱，最后睡着了，因此你最好别打扰他，不要到处走动。 【解析】 【详解】After“在……之后”；he“他”；took the medicine“吃药”；the sick soldier“那个生病的士兵”；felt very weak“感到很虚弱”；and“和”，表示递进关系；finally“最后”；fell asleep“入睡”；so“因此”；you had better“你最好……”；leave him alone“不要打扰他，让他独自待着”；not go around“不要四处走动”。故填：吃过药后，那个生病的士兵感到很虚弱，最后睡着了，因此你最好别打扰他，不要到处走动。 38. This brave wounded fireman deserved the praise because he was not frightened by the danger of smoke and saved all the graduates from the burning teaching building. ________________________________________ 【答案】这个勇敢的受伤的消防员值得表扬，因为他不惧烟雾危险，从那个着火的教学楼里救出了所有的大学毕业生。 【解析】 【详解】This brave wounded fireman“这个勇敢的受伤的消防员”；deserved the praise“值得表扬”；because“因为”；he“他”；was not frightened by the danger of smoke“不惧烟雾危险”；and表示并列关系；saved“拯救”；all the graduates“所有的大学毕业生”；from the burning teaching building“从那个着火的教学楼里”。故填：这个勇敢的有伤的消防员值得表扬，因为他不惧烟雾危险，从那个着火的教学楼里救出了所有的大学毕业生。 39. During the concert, it is not polite to use the camera with the flash or pick up your phone in front of other audiences, and it is even rude to communicate with your partners. ________________________________________ 【答案】在听音乐会的时候，用闪光灯拍照或当着其他观众的面接电话是不礼貌的，甚至与同伴交流也是粗鲁的。 【解析】 【详解】During the concert“在听音乐会的时候”；it is not polite to…“做……是不礼貌的”；use the camera with the flash“用闪光灯拍照”；or作为并列连词，在句中连接前后两个动词词组；pick up your phone“接电话”；in front of other audiences“当着其他观众的面”；and作为并列连词，在句子连接前后两个独立的句子；it is even rude to…“做……甚至也是粗鲁的”；communicate with your partners“与同伴交流”。故填：在听音乐会的时候，用闪光灯拍照或当着其他观众的面接电话是不礼貌的，甚至与同伴交流也是粗鲁的。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $