知识清单02 必修第一册Unit 1～Unit 3 单元词汇短语句型梳理（期中知识清单）高一英语上学期沪外版

题型清单 必修第一册Unit 1~Unit 3单元词汇与语法 题型 01 单词拼写（夯实双基，厚积薄发） Unit1 1. He s ___________ （分类）the materials into their folders. 2. It would be a mistake to i__________（忽视） his opinion.  3. If this offer is g__________（真心的）, I will gladly accept it. 4. He said many h__________ （刺耳的）and unkind things about his opponents. 5. China made a clean sweep of the medals in the _________（体操）events. 6. The move follows growing public __________ （担心）over the spread of the disease. 7. The assessment for the course involves written a__________（任务）and practical tests. 8. It's harmful for your eyes to s__________（凝视）at the computer or mobile phone screen for a long time.  9. There is little doubt, however, that things will improve in the not too __________ （遥远的）future. 10. Over the next few years many people had occasion to __________（反思）on the truth of his warnings. 【答案】1.sorted 2.ignore  3.genuine 4.harsh 5.gymnastics 6.concern 7.assignments 8. stare  9.distant 10.reflect Unit2 1. He loved best to find ________（缺点）with me. 2. He d________（令人厌恶）many with his boorish behaviour. 3. The instructions on the box are very ________（使困惑）. 4. His son was praised for speeches of remarkable ________（流畅）. 5. We apologize for any ________（尴尬）this may have caused. 6. All colour ________（褪色） especially under the impact of direct sunlight. 7. Without a ________（语境）, I would have assumed it was written by a man. 8. ________（具讽刺意味）, for a man who hated war, he would have made a superb war cameraman. 9. Putting on an opera is a tremendous enterprise involving l________（确实）hundreds of people. 10. A fifth year of drought is expected to have d________（引人注目的）effects on the California economy. 11. An earthquake has hit the capital, causing damage to buildings and ________（恐慌）among the population. 12. It would provide hundreds of millions of dollars for research into ________（可替代的）energy sources. 【答案】 1. fault 2.disgusted 3.confusing 4.fluency 5.embarrassment 6.fades 7.context 8.Ironically 9.literally 10.dramatic 11.panic 12.alternative Unit3 1. These products r_________ in price from $3 to $15. 2. The walled city is an important tourist a__________ . 3. Data mining is used to _____________ (分析) individuals' buying habits. 4. A week by the sea is a ____________(奢侈) they can no longer afford. 5. I called the station to ____________ （询问）about train times. 6. Anyone who ___________ (见证) the attack should call the police. 7. They expected him to p____________ (参与) in the ceremony. 8. Molly had fought and __________ (克服) her fear of flying. 9. A lack of qualifications can be a major ___________ (障碍) to finding a job. 10. The house has b______________ (令人惊叹的) views from every room. 11. The d___________and furnishings had to be practical enough for a family home. 12. Madagascar is the most f______________(迷人的) place I have ever been to. 13. The fire gradually got bigger and bigger. _____________ (火花) flew off in all directions. 14. Some banks c__________（收费）if you access your account to determine your balance. 15. Instead of seeing the s_______(挫折) as something discouraging, just accept it as a part of the journey. 【答案】 1. range 2.attraction 3.analyse 4.luxury 5.enquire 6.witnessed 7.participate 8.overcome 9.obstacle 10.breathtaking 11.decoration 12.fascinating 13.Sparks 14.charge 15.setback 题型 02 单元词汇填空（一词多变，活学活用） Unit1 （24-25高二下·上海七宝中学·期中）Directions: In this secontion, fill the blanks using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．complex    B．demands    C． falsely    D．extensive    E. head-on    F. promising    G. topic    H. transfer    I. shape    J. accurately    K. self-fulfilling Writing as a Skill A realistic attitude about writing must build on the idea that writing is a skill, not a “natural gift”. Like any skill, it can be learned as long as you have the determination to learn, and give yourself 11 practice. People often fear that they are the only ones for whom writing is unbearably difficult. Such people typically say, “I am not any good at writing.” Often, the result of this attitude is that people try to avoid writing. It becomes a(n) 12 prediction: their writing fails chiefly because they have brainwashed themselves into believing they don’t have the “natural talent”. Many people find it difficult to do the intense, active thinking that clear writing 13 . It is frustrating to discover how much of a challenge it is to 14 thoughts and feelings from one’s hand onto the page. But writing is not an automatic process. For almost everyone, competent writing comes from plain hard work-determination, sweat, and 15 battle. Additionally, many people 16 believe that writing should flow in a straight line from the writer’s head onto the written page. But a finished paper seldom comes out in the first draft. The truth is writing is a process of discovery involving a series of steps, which are very often a zigzag journey. For example, Diane Woods had been assigned to write about an annoyance in everyday life. She did not know what specific annoyances she would choose; instead, she just began writing about them in general. One of those annoyances was traffic, which seemed 17 , so she began putting down details that came to her. One detail was the traffic she had to deal with in going to the movies. That made her think of the traffic in the parking lot at the theater 18 . At that point, it dawned on her that, instead of traffic, moviegoing itself was an annoyance. She switched direction in midstream and began writing down ideas and details about moviegoing. The point is writing is often a process of continuing discovery. You may be working on a(n) 19 sentence and realize suddenly that it could be your concluding thought. Writers frequently do not know their exact destination as they begin to write. Very often they discover the direction and 20 of a paper during the process of writing. 【答案】 11．D 12．K 13．B 14．H 15．E 16．C 17．F 18．A 19．G 20．I 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了写作是一种可以通过学习获得的技能，而非天赋。 11．考查形容词。句意：如同任何技能一样，只要你有决心去学习，并给自己大量的练习，写作技能是可以学会的。空处修饰名词practice ，需用形容词作定语，表示“大量的”应用形容词extensive。故选D。 12．考查形容词。句意：这变成了一种自我实现的预言：他们的写作失败主要是因为他们给自己洗脑，让自己相信自己没有“天赋”。空处修饰名词prediction，需用形容词作定语，表示“自我实现的”应用形容词self-fulfilling。故选K。 13．考查动词时态。句意：许多人发现，要进行清晰写作所要求的那种深入、积极的思考是很困难的。空处作谓语，表示“要求”应用demand，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为clear writing，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故选B。 14．考查非谓语动词。句意：发现把思想和情感从脑海中转移到纸上是多么具有挑战性，这是令人沮丧的。it是形式主语，to是动词不定式符号，故此处用动词原形，表示“转移”应用动词transfer。故选H。 15．考查形容词。句意：对几乎所有人来说，出色的写作来自于纯粹的努力工作——决心、汗水和正面的努力。修饰名词battle，需用形容词作定语，表示“正面交锋的”应用形容词head-on。故选E。 16．考查副词。句意：此外，许多人错误地认为写作应该从作者的脑海中直接流畅地写到纸上。修饰动词believe需用副词作状语，表示“错误地”应用副词falsely。故选C。 17．考查形容词。句意：其中一个烦恼是交通问题，这似乎很有潜力，所以她开始写下想到的细节。空处作表语，需用形容词，表示“有希望的”应用promising。故选F。 18．考查形容词。句意：这让她想到了电影院停车场复杂的交通情况。空处作表语，需用形容词，表示“复杂的”应用形容词complex。故选A。 19．考查名词。句意：你可能正在写一个主题句，突然意识到它可能是你的总结性想法。空处修饰名词sentence，需用名词作定语，表示“主题”应用名词topic。故选G。 20．考查名词。句意：他们常常在写作过程中发现一篇文章的方向和形式。空处和direction并列，作宾语，需用名词，表示“形状”应用名词shape。故选I。 Unit2 （2018·上海·高考真题）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．committed        B．compared          C． contact         D．delegation E. destructive        F. weak              G. negotiate        H. respelled I. similarity          J. superiors           K. witnessed Some Very “American” Words Come from Chinese On a recent program, we told you the stories of English words borrowed from other languages. Today, we will tell you about words that English has taken from Chinese. Many of the Chinese words that are now part of English were borrowed long ago. They are most often from Cantonese or other Chinese languages rather than Mandarin. Let’s start with kowtow. kowtow The English word kowtow is a verb that means to agree too easily to do what someone else wants you to do, or to obey someone with power in a way that seems 1 . It comes from the Cantonese word kau tau, which means “knock your head.” It refers to the act of kneeling and lowering one’s head as a sign of respect to 2 — such as emperors, elders and leaders. In the case of emperors, the act required the person to touch their head to the ground. In 1793, Britain’s King George III sent Lord George Macartney and other trade ambassadors to China to 3 a trade agreement. The Chinese asked them to kowtow to the Qianlong Emperor. As the story goes, Lord Macartney refused for his 4 to do more than bend their knees. He said that was all they were required to do for their own king. It is not surprising, then, that Macartney left China without negotiating the trade agreement. After that, critics used the word kowtow when anyone was too submissive to China. Today, the usage has no connection to China, nor any specific political connection. gung-ho Another borrowed word that came about through 5 between two nations is gung-ho. In English, the word gung-ho is an adjective that means extremely excited about doing something. The Chinese characters “gōng” and “hé” together mean “work together, cooperate.” The original term — gõngyè  hézuòshè — means Chinese Industrial Cooperatives. The organizations were established in the 1930s by Westerners in China to promote industrial and economic development. Lt. Colonel Evans Carlson of the United States Marine3 Corps4 observed these cooperatives while he was in China. He was impressed, saying “...all the soldiers 6 themselves to one idea and worked together to put that idea over.” He then began using the term gung-ho in the Marine Corps to try to create the same spirit he had 7 . In 1942, he used the word as a training slogan for the 2nd Marine Raider Battalion during World War II. The men were often called the “Gung Ho Battalion.” From then, the word gung-ho spread as a slogan the Marine Corps. Today, its meaning has no relation to the military. typhoon In English, a typhoon is a very powerful and 8 storm that occurs around the China Sea and in the South Pacific. The word history of typhoon had a far less direct path to the English language than gung-ho. And not all historical accounts are the same. But, according to the Merriam-Webster New Book of Word Histories, the first typhoons reported in the English language were in India and were called “touffons” or “tufans,” The word tufan or al-tufan is Arabic and means violent storm or flood. The English came across this word in India and borrowed it as touffon. Later, when English ships encountered violent storms in the China Sea, Englishmen learned the Cantonese word tai fung, which means “great wind.” The word’s 9 to touffon is only by chance. The modern form of the word — typhoon — was influenced by the Cantonese but   10 to make it appear more Greek. 【答案】 1．F 2．J 3．G 4．D 5．C 6．A 7．K 8．E 9．I 10．H 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是几个来自于中文的英语单词。 1．考查形容词。句意：英语单词kowtow是一个动词，意思是太轻易地同意别人让你做的事，或者以一种看似软弱的方式服从有权力的人。由“agree too easily to do what someone else wants you to do”可知，句子表示“以一种看似软弱的方式服从有权力的人”，空格处意为“软弱的”，是weak，故选F。 2．考查名词。句意：它指的是对上级——如皇帝、长辈和领导人——跪下并低下头以示尊重的行为。由“such as emperors, elders and leaders”可知，空格处意为“上级”，是superior，要用复数，故选J。 3．考查不定式。句意：1793年，英国国王乔治三世派遣Lord George Macartney和其他贸易大使前往中国谈判一项贸易协定。由“a trade agreement”可知，句子表示“谈判一项贸易协定”，空格处意为“谈判”，是negotiate，用不定式表目的，故选G。 4．考查名词。句意：据说，Lord Macartney只让他的代表团屈膝。由上文“Britain’s King George III sent Lord George Macartney and other trade ambassadors”可知，句子表示“Lord Macartney只让他的代表团屈膝”，空格处意为“代表团”，是delegation，此处是指一个代表团，空格处用单数，故选D。 5．考查名词。句意：另一个通过两国接触而产生的外来词是“gunung -ho”。由“between two nations”可知，句子表示“另一个通过两国接触而产生的外来词是“gunung -ho””，空格处意为“接触”，是contact，是不可数名词，故选C。 6．考查时态。句意：他被打动了，说：“……所有的士兵都致力于一个想法，并共同努力实现这个想法。”由“themselves to one idea and worked together to put that idea over”可知，句子表示“所有的士兵都致力于一个想法，并共同努力实现这个想法”，空格处意为“致力于”，是commit，构成短语commit oneself to，由was可知，时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故选A。 7．考查时态。句意：然后，他开始在海军陆战队中使用“gung-ho”这个词，试图创造出他所目睹的同样的精神。由上文“observed these cooperatives while he was in China”可知，句子表示“试图创造出他所目睹的同样的精神”，空格处意为“目睹”，是witness，时态是过去完成时，因此空格处用过去分词，故选K。 8．考查形容词。句意：在英语中，台风是一种非常强大的破坏性风暴，发生在中国海周围和南太平洋。由“a typhoon”可知，句子表示“台风是一种非常强大的破坏性风暴”，空格处意为“破坏性的”，是形容词destructive作定语，故选E。 9．考查名词。句意：这个词与touffon的相似只是偶然。由前面的“tai fung”和空后“to touffon”可知，句子表示“这个词与touffon的相似只是偶然”，空格处意为“相似之处”，是similarity，此处用单数，故选I。 10．考查时态。句意：“台风”一词的现代形式受到广东话的影响，但它的拼写使其看起来更像希腊语。由前面的typhoon，touffon和空后的“to make it appear more Greek”可知，此处表示这个词被重新拼写，空格处意为“重新拼写”，是respell，词是被重新拼写，因此用被动语态，空前有was，空格处用过去分词。故选H。 Unit3 （24-25高三上·上海·阶段练习）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．typically   B．booming   C． remain   D．attempt   E. impact   F. beneficial    G. historically   H. advocating   I. migrate   J. bridge   K. available In recent years, sustainable tourism has gained widespread approval as more travelers become aware of the environmental and social impacts of traditional tourism. Originally considered a low-value market, sustainable tourism has evolved into a   1 industry that offers particular benefits to both the environment and local communities. This form of tourism 2 aims to reduce the negative effects of travel while enhancing the social, cultural, and economic well-being of destinations. One of the primary advantages of sustainable tourism is its ability to preserve natural resources and protect fragile ecosystems. By 3 environmentally responsible practices such as reducing waste, conserving water, and minimizing carbon footprints, sustainable tourism ensures that tourist hotspots 4 attractive. This not only benefits the environment but also guarantees that these natural attractions will still be 5 for future generations to enjoy. Additionally, sustainable tourism con provide significant economic astatine to local communities. Unlike traditional large-scale tourism projects, which often force locals to 6 to other places, sustainable tourism promotes employment opportunities for local people by maximizing the use of local resources. Whether by purchasing handmade goods, or by dining in family-run restaurants, traveler help 7 the economic gap between tourists and local populations, supporting local livelihoods, However, implementing sustainable tourism practices is not without its challenges. Some destinations 8 to market themselves as eco-friendly without making genuine efforts, a practice known as “greenwashing.” This makes it essential for travelers to be aware of which businesses and destinations truly prioritize sustainability. In conclusion, sustainable tourism offers endless potential to make travel more environmentally friendly and socially 9 . By making more conscious choices, tourists can leave a positive 10 on the places they visit while enjoying unique and unforgettable experiences. 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．H 4．C 5．K 6．I 7．J 8．D 9．F 10．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主题是：可持续旅游的发展及其对环境和社会的积极影响。 1．考查形容词。句意：最初被视为低价值市场，可持续旅游已发展成为蓬勃发展的产业，对环境和当地社区都带来了特别的好处。根据句意及空前“has evolved into a”和空后的“industry”可知，空处应用形容词表达“蓬勃发展的”，booming意为“繁荣的”，符合语境，形容词作定语，修饰名词industry。故选B。 2．考查副词。 句意：这种形式的旅游通常旨在减少旅行的负面影响，同时增强目的地的社会、文化和经济福祉。根据句意及空后的“aims to”可知，空处应用副词表达通常的行为方式，typically意为“通常”，符合语境，副词修饰动词aims。故选 A。 3．考查非谓语动词。 句意：通过倡导环保措施，如减少废物、节约用水和减少碳足迹，可持续旅游确保旅游热点仍然具有吸引力。根据句意及空前的“By”和空后的“environmentally responsible practices”可知，空处位于介词后，应用动名词形式表达倡导某些措施，advocating意为“倡导”，符合语境。故选H。 4．考查动词。 句意：通过倡导环保措施，如减少废物、节约用水和减少碳足迹，可持续旅游确保旅游热点仍然具有吸引力。空处是that引导从句的谓语动词，根据句意及空前的“ensures that tourist hotspots”和空后的“attractive”可知，空处应用动词表达保持某种状态，remain意为“保持”，符合语境，根据主句谓语动词ensures可知，句子陈述客观事实，时态为一般现在时，主语为复数名词，谓语动词用原形即可。故选C。 5．考查形容词。 句意：这不仅有益于环境，还保证这些自然景点未来仍可供后代享受。根据句意及空前的“will still be”和空后的“for future generations to enjoy”可知，空处应表达可用性，available意为“可用的，可获得的”，符合语境，形容词作表语。故选K。 6．考查动词。 句意：与传统的大型旅游项目不同，这些项目往往迫使当地人迁移到其他地方，可持续旅游通过最大化利用当地资源来促进当地人的就业机会。根据句意及空前的“force locals to”和空后的“to other places”可知，空处应用动词，表达“迁移”，migrate意为“迁移”，符合语境，force sb. to do sh“迫使某人做某事”为固定短语，故填原形形式。故选I。 7．考查动词。 句意：无论是购买手工艺品，还是在家庭经营的餐馆用餐，旅行者都帮助缩小了游客与当地人口之间的经济差距，支持了当地人的生计。根据句意及空前的“travelers help”和空后的“the economic gap between tourists and local populations”可知，空处应用动词表达“缩小”。bridge意为“‌减小差异”，符合语境，help do something是一个固定的搭配，意思是“帮助做某事”，故应填动词原形。故选J。 8．考查动词。 句意：一些目的地试图把自己宣传为环保，但实际上并未做出真正的努力，这种做法被称为“漂绿”。根据句意及空后的“to market themselves as eco-friendly”可知，空处应用动词表达“试图”，attempt意为“试图”，符合语境，句子陈述客观事实，时态为一般现在时，主语为名词复数，谓语动词用原形即可。故选D。 9．考查形容词。 句意：总之，可持续旅游提供了无限的潜力，使旅行更加环保和社会有益。根据句意及空前的“make travel more environmentally friendly and socially”可知，空处应用形容词表达“有益的”，与friendly并列作宾语补足语，beneficial意为“有益的”，符合语境。故选F。 10．考查名词。 句意：通过做出更有意识的选择，游客可以在享受独特和难忘的经历的同时，对访问的地方产生积极的影响。根据句意及空前的“leave a positive”和空后的“on the places they visit”可知，空处应用名词表达“影响”作宾语，impact意为“影响”，符合语境，根据空前a可知，应用单数形式，短语leave a positive impact on意为“对……产生积极的影响”。故选E。 题型 03 1 补全翻译（巩固再现，灵活运用） Unit1 comment assign genuine harsh reflect concentrate tempt sort concern behaviour nasty 1. I finished my ____________ just under the deadline. 我恰好在最后期限之前完成了我的指派任务. 2. The minister refused to ____________ publicly on these claims. 部长拒绝公开评论这些要求. 3. We were angry at their bad ____________ . 我们被他们的恶劣行为激怒了. 4. We thought it was a ____________ antique(古董), but it turned out to be a fake. 我们以为这是真古董, 结果只是一件赝品. 5. His voice was ____________ and unmusical. 他的声音刺耳难听。 6. I often ____________ on my schooldays. 我经常回忆起我上学的日子 7. You should ____________ on your work. 你应该专心于你的工作. 8. He is a person with a ____________ mind. 他是个思想肮脏的人. 9. It's very kind of you to show so much ____________ for us. 谢谢您对我们这么关心. 10. We need to ____________ the garbage out before the truck comes. 我们需要在垃圾车来前就做好垃圾分类. 【答案】 1.assignment 2.comment 3.behaviour 4.genuine 5.harsh 6.reflect 7.concentrate 8. nasty 9. concern 10.sort Unit2 alternative gesture differ fade embarrassment deliver confusion likely signal disgusted appointment 1. You mustn't fire without my __________. 没我的信号不许开枪。 2. I'm ___________ with what she said. 我对她的话很反感. 3. He made a rude __________ with his fingers. 他用手指做了一个不礼貌的手势. 4. Allow me to clear up this __________. 请允许我澄清这种混淆. 5. It's so cloudy and cold that it's ____________to snow. 天气又阴又冷,大半要下雪. 6. She made an ___________for her son to see the doctor. 她为儿子约定了看医生的时间。 7. He's not used to making speeches in public; it's so . 他不习惯在大庭广众中演讲, 因为这太使人窘迫了. 8. When the night light gradually ___________, the world entered the dark. 当夜晚的灯光渐渐褪去, 世界就进入了黑暗. 9. A parcel weighing half a ton has just been _____________. 一个半吨重的包裹刚刚递送出去. 10. Drivers are advised to seek ______________routes. 驾车者被告知需另寻其他路线。 【答案】 1.signal 2.disgusted 3.gesture 4.confusion 5.likely 6.appointment 7.embarrassing 8.faded 9.delivered 10.alternative Unit3 vast relic witness charge souvenir setback maintain participate relevant overcome process 1. Her appearance is not __________to whether she can be a good teacher. 她的长相跟她能否当个好老师无关. 2. Food is necessary to __________life. 食物是维持生命所必需的. 3. She was a __________ of the incident. 她是事件的目击者. 4. China has a __________territory and a large population. 中国地域辽阔,人口众多 5. They __________all kinds of difficulties. 他们克服了重重困难. 6. I bought the ring as a ___________of Greece. 我买了一枚戒指，留作对希腊的纪念。 7. He may personally __________in the meeting. 他亲自参加首脑会议. 8. You can __________your mobile phone over there. 你可以在那里给你的移动电话充电. 9. They have several __________in their career. 他们在事业上受到许多挫折. 10. In summary, it is my opinion that this complete treatment __________was very successful. 总的来说，我认为整个治疗过程非常成功。 【答案】 1. relevant 2.maintain 3.witness 4.vast 5.overcame 6.souvenir 7.participate 8.charge 9.setbacks 10.process 学科网（北京）股份有限公4 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 题型清单 必修第一册Unit 1~Unit 3单元词汇与语法 题型 01 单词拼写（夯实双基，厚积薄发） Unit1 1. He s ___________ （分类）the materials into their folders. 2. It would be a mistake to i__________（忽视）his opinion.  3. If this offer is g__________（真心的）, I will gladly accept it. 4. He said many h__________ （刺耳的）and unkind things about his opponents. 5. China made a clean sweep of the medals in the _________（体操）events. 6. The move follows growing public__________ （担心）over the spread of the disease. 7. The assessment for the course involves written a__________（任务）and practical tests. 8. It's harmful for your eyes to s__________（凝视）at the computer or mobile phone screen for a long time.  9. There is little doubt, however, that things will improve in the not too__________ （遥远的）future. 10. Over the next few years many people had occasion to __________（反思）on the truth of his warnings. Unit2 1. He loved best to find ________（缺点）with me. 2. He d________（令人厌恶）many with his boorish behaviour. 3. The instructions on the box are very ________（使困惑）. 4. His son was praised for speeches of remarkable ________（流畅）. 5. We apologize for any ________（尴尬）this may have caused. 6. All colour ________（褪色） especially under the impact of direct sunlight. 7. Without a ________（语境）, I would have assumed it was written by a man. 8. ________（具讽刺意味）, for a man who hated war, he would have made a superb war cameraman. 9. Putting on an opera is a tremendous enterprise involving l________（确实）hundreds of people. 10. A fifth year of drought is expected to have d________（引人注目的）effects on the California economy. 11. An earthquake has hit the capital, causing damage to buildings and ________（恐慌）among the population. 12. It would provide hundreds of millions of dollars for research into ________（可替代的）energy sources. Unit3 1. These products r_________ in price from $3 to $15. 2. The walled city is an important tourist a__________ . 3. Data mining is used to _____________ (分析) individuals' buying habits. 4. A week by the sea is a ____________(奢侈) they can no longer afford. 5. I called the station to ____________ （询问）about train times. 6. Anyone who ___________ (见证) the attack should call the police. 7. They expected him to p____________ (参与) in the ceremony. 8. Molly had fought and __________ (克服) her fear of flying. 9. A lack of qualifications can be a major ___________ (障碍) to finding a job. 10. The house has b______________ (令人惊叹的) views from every room. 11. The d___________and furnishings had to be practical enough for a family home. 12. Madagascar is the most f______________(迷人的) place I have ever been to. 13. The fire gradually got bigger and bigger. _____________ (火花) flew off in all directions. 14. Some banks c__________（收费）if you access your account to determine your balance. 15. Instead of seeing the s_______(挫折) as something discouraging, just accept it as a part of the journey. 题型 02 单元词汇填空（一词多变，活学活用） Unit1 （24-25高二下·上海七宝中学·期中）Directions: In this secontion, fill the blanks using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．complex    B．demands    C． falsely    D．extensive    E. head-on    F. promising    G. topic    H. transfer    I. shape    J. accurately    K. self-fulfilling Writing as a Skill A realistic attitude about writing must build on the idea that writing is a skill, not a “natural gift”. Like any skill, it can be learned as long as you have the determination to learn, and give yourself 11 practice. People often fear that they are the only ones for whom writing is unbearably difficult. Such people typically say, “I am not any good at writing.” Often, the result of this attitude is that people try to avoid writing. It becomes a(n) 12 prediction: their writing fails chiefly because they have brainwashed themselves into believing they don’t have the “natural talent”. Many people find it difficult to do the intense, active thinking that clear writing 13 . It is frustrating to discover how much of a challenge it is to 14 thoughts and feelings from one’s hand onto the page. But writing is not an automatic process. For almost everyone, competent writing comes from plain hard work-determination, sweat, and 15 battle. Additionally, many people 16 believe that writing should flow in a straight line from the writer’s head onto the written page. But a finished paper seldom comes out in the first draft. The truth is writing is a process of discovery involving a series of steps, which are very often a zigzag journey. For example, Diane Woods had been assigned to write about an annoyance in everyday life. She did not know what specific annoyances she would choose; instead, she just began writing about them in general. One of those annoyances was traffic, which seemed 17 , so she began putting down details that came to her. One detail was the traffic she had to deal with in going to the movies. That made her think of the traffic in the parking lot at the theater 18 . At that point, it dawned on her that, instead of traffic, moviegoing itself was an annoyance. She switched direction in midstream and began writing down ideas and details about moviegoing. The point is writing is often a process of continuing discovery. You may be working on a(n) 19 sentence and realize suddenly that it could be your concluding thought. Writers frequently do not know their exact destination as they begin to write. Very often they discover the direction and 20 of a paper during the process of writing. Unit2 （2018·上海·高考真题）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．committed        B．compared          C． contact         D．delegation E. destructive        F. weak              G. negotiate        H. respelled I. similarity          J. superiors           K. witnessed Some Very “American” Words Come from Chinese On a recent program, we told you the stories of English words borrowed from other languages. Today, we will tell you about words that English has taken from Chinese. Many of the Chinese words that are now part of English were borrowed long ago. They are most often from Cantonese or other Chinese languages rather than Mandarin. Let’s start with kowtow. kowtow The English word kowtow is a verb that means to agree too easily to do what someone else wants you to do, or to obey someone with power in a way that seems 1 . It comes from the Cantonese word kau tau, which means “knock your head.” It refers to the act of kneeling and lowering one’s head as a sign of respect to 2 — such as emperors, elders and leaders. In the case of emperors, the act required the person to touch their head to the ground. In 1793, Britain’s King George III sent Lord George Macartney and other trade ambassadors to China to 3 a trade agreement. The Chinese asked them to kowtow to the Qianlong Emperor. As the story goes, Lord Macartney refused for his 4 to do more than bend their knees. He said that was all they were required to do for their own king. It is not surprising, then, that Macartney left China without negotiating the trade agreement. After that, critics used the word kowtow when anyone was too submissive to China. Today, the usage has no connection to China, nor any specific political connection. gung-ho Another borrowed word that came about through 5 between two nations is gung-ho. In English, the word gung-ho is an adjective that means extremely excited about doing something. The Chinese characters “gōng” and “hé” together mean “work together, cooperate.” The original term — gõngyè  hézuòshè — means Chinese Industrial Cooperatives. The organizations were established in the 1930s by Westerners in China to promote industrial and economic development. Lt. Colonel Evans Carlson of the United States Marine3 Corps4 observed these cooperatives while he was in China. He was impressed, saying “...all the soldiers 6 themselves to one idea and worked together to put that idea over.” He then began using the term gung-ho in the Marine Corps to try to create the same spirit he had 7 . In 1942, he used the word as a training slogan for the 2nd Marine Raider Battalion during World War II. The men were often called the “Gung Ho Battalion.” From then, the word gung-ho spread as a slogan the Marine Corps. Today, its meaning has no relation to the military. typhoon In English, a typhoon is a very powerful and 8 storm that occurs around the China Sea and in the South Pacific. The word history of typhoon had a far less direct path to the English language than gung-ho. And not all historical accounts are the same. But, according to the Merriam-Webster New Book of Word Histories, the first typhoons reported in the English language were in India and were called “touffons” or “tufans,” The word tufan or al-tufan is Arabic and means violent storm or flood. The English came across this word in India and borrowed it as touffon. Later, when English ships encountered violent storms in the China Sea, Englishmen learned the Cantonese word tai fung, which means “great wind.” The word’s 9 to touffon is only by chance. The modern form of the word — typhoon — was influenced by the Cantonese but   10 to make it appear more Greek. Unit3 （24-25高三上·上海·阶段练习）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．typically   B．booming   C． remain   D．attempt   E. impact   F. beneficial    G. historically   H. advocating   I. migrate   J. bridge   K. available In recent years, sustainable tourism has gained widespread approval as more travelers become aware of the environmental and social impacts of traditional tourism. Originally considered a low-value market, sustainable tourism has evolved into a   1 industry that offers particular benefits to both the environment and local communities. This form of tourism 2 aims to reduce the negative effects of travel while enhancing the social, cultural, and economic well-being of destinations. One of the primary advantages of sustainable tourism is its ability to preserve natural resources and protect fragile ecosystems. By 3 environmentally responsible practices such as reducing waste, conserving water, and minimizing carbon footprints, sustainable tourism ensures that tourist hotspots 4 attractive. This not only benefits the environment but also guarantees that these natural attractions will still be 5 for future generations to enjoy. Additionally, sustainable tourism con provide significant economic astatine to local communities. Unlike traditional large-scale tourism projects, which often force locals to 6 to other places, sustainable tourism promotes employment opportunities for local people by maximizing the use of local resources. Whether by purchasing handmade goods, or by dining in family-run restaurants, traveler help 7 the economic gap between tourists and local populations, supporting local livelihoods, However, implementing sustainable tourism practices is not without its challenges. Some destinations 8 to market themselves as eco-friendly without making genuine efforts, a practice known as “greenwashing.” This makes it essential for travelers to be aware of which businesses and destinations truly prioritize sustainability. In conclusion, sustainable tourism offers endless potential to make travel more environmentally friendly and socially 9 . By making more conscious choices, tourists can leave a positive 10 on the places they visit while enjoying unique and unforgettable experiences. 题型 03 1 补全翻译（巩固再现，灵活运用） Unit1 comment assign genuine harsh reflect concentrate tempt sort concern behaviour nasty 1. I finished my ____________ just under the deadline. 我恰好在最后期限之前完成了我的指派任务. 2. The minister refused to ____________ publicly on these claims. 部长拒绝公开评论这些要求. 3. We were angry at their bad____________ 我们被他们的恶劣行为激怒了. 4. We thought it was a ____________ antique(古董), but it turned out to be a fake. 我们以为这是真古董, 结果只是一件赝品. 5. His voice was____________ and unmusical. 他的声音刺耳难听。 6. I often ____________ on my schooldays. 我经常回忆起我上学的日子 7. You should ____________ on your work. 你应该专心于你的工作. 8. He is a person with a ____________ mind. 他是个思想肮脏的人. 9. It's very kind of you to show so much____________ for us. 谢谢您对我们这么关心. 10. We need to____________ the garbage out before the truck comes. 我们需要在垃圾车来前就做好垃圾分类. Unit2 alternative gesture differ fade embarrassment deliver confusion likely signal disgusted appointment 1. You mustn't fire without my __________. 没我的信号不许开枪。 2. I'm ___________ with what she said. 我对她的话很反感. 3. He made a rude __________ with his fingers. 他用手指做了一个不礼貌的手势. 4. Allow me to clear up this __________. 请允许我澄清这种混淆. 5. It's so cloudy and cold that it's ____________to snow. 天气又阴又冷,大半要下雪. 6. She made an ___________for her son to see the doctor. 她为儿子约定了看医生的时间。 7. He's not used to making speeches in public; it's so . 他不习惯在大庭广众中演讲, 因为这太使人窘迫了. 8. When the night light gradually ___________, the world entered the dark. 当夜晚的灯光渐渐褪去, 世界就进入了黑暗. 9. A parcel weighing half a ton has just been _____________. 一个半吨重的包裹刚刚递送出去. 10. Drivers are advised to seek ______________routes. 驾车者被告知需另寻其他路线。 Unit3 vast relic witness charge souvenir setback maintain participate relevant overcome process 1. Her appearance is not __________to whether she can be a good teacher. 她的长相跟她能否当个好老师无关. 2. Food is necessary to__________life. 食物是维持生命所必需的. 3. She was a __________ of the incident. 她是事件的目击者. 4. China has a __________territory and a large population. 中国地域辽阔,人口众多 5. They__________all kinds of difficulties. 他们克服了重重困难. 6. I bought the ring as a ___________of Greece. 我买了一枚戒指，留作对希腊的纪念。 7. He may personally __________in the meeting. 他亲自参加首脑会议. 8. You can __________your mobile phone over there. 你可以在那里给你的移动电话充电. 9. They have several __________in their career. 他们在事业上受到许多挫折. 10. In summary, it is my opinion that this complete treatment __________was very successful. 总的来说，我认为整个治疗过程非常成功。 学科网（北京）股份有限公4 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $