上海交通大学附属中学2025-2026学年高二上学期开学摸底测验英语试卷

2025-2026学年度第一学期 高二英语摸底考试卷 (满分150分，130分钟完成。答案一律写在答题纸上) 第一卷 I. Listening Comprehension (25’) Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Their friends would take them to the beach. B. They wouldn’t mind taking the bus. C. Someone would drive them home. D. They wouldn’t be able to find a phone. 2. A. The man has to wash a thousand dishes. B. The man has more dishes than his brother. C. The man’s brother hasn’t washed the dishes yet. D. The man’s brother spends much time washing the dishes. 3. A. He’d like to reschedule the party. B. He and Joe aren’t free next Friday. C He doesn’t know what to bring to the party. D. He isn’t sure if Joe is available on the party day. 4. A. The man took the wrong train. B. Delays in train service will continue. C. It’s better to take a train later in the day. D. Train service will return to normal in a few days. 5. A. Sports. B. Music. C. Hardware. D. Arts and crafts. 6. A. She has changed her schedule. B. She was sick on Friday. C. She works less than she used to. D. Her vacation started on Monday. 7. A. She’d also like to get a printer. B. The man should buy a high-quality printer. C. She needs a printer more than the man does. D. The man should invest in a printing company. 8. A. He doesn’t remember exactly what he said. B. He told the woman to try to get more sleep. C. He knew the woman would benefit from his advice. D. He didn’t expect that the woman would listen to him. 9. A. She thinks it’s cold, too. B. They need to get the freezer fixed again. C. She’d like the man to repeat what he said. D. The man told her that before. 10. A. Eat a late dinner. B. Cancel the break. C. Ski p dinner. D. Bring the man something to eat. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. It can film things beyond one’s view. B. It can get data with its built-in devices. C. It can access one’s phone or tablet for data. D. It is linked with one’s desktop computers. 12. A. By gesturing or talking to the device. B. By touching one arm of the frame. C. By selecting built-in commands. D. By using data from one’s tablet. 13. A. It has proved useful to the consumer. B. It has greatly changed people’s life. C. Its value is still unpredictable now. D. It promises to be potentially profitable. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Weaker muscles. B. Change in eyeballs. C. Exposure to radiation. D. Body weight loss. 15. A. By lowering pressure in their skulls. B. By exercising with special equipment. C. By fighting against radiation in space. D. By creating a man-made magnetic field. 16. A. Zero gravity is the only cause of astronauts’ health problems in space. B. The human body can adapt itself quickly to the environment in outer space. C. Men are more affected than women physically in zero gravity environment. D. There are problems to be solved for longer stays in space. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. She only rested a little time between exercises. B. She did not rest after exercise. C. She attended the beginner’s class. D. She attended an advanced exercise class. 18. A. Lifting weights. B. Doing aerobics. C. Instructing the woman. D. Cooking breakfast. 19. A. Ten o’clock next evening. B. Ten o’clock next morning. C. Eight o’clock next evening. D. Eight o’clock next morning. 20. A. The winner cooks dinner. B. The winner entertains the family. C. The loser cooks dinner. D. The loser entertains the family. II. Multiple Choices(25’) 1. Learning the rules of a new language, especially ________ involving as many irregular verbs as English, can be frustrating. A. the one B. that C. some D. one 2. She showed us a(n) ________ chess set, which once graced Napoleon’s private study. A ivory French antique B. ivory antique hand-carved C. French hand-carved ivory D. antique hand-carved ivory 3. — The professor swears the exam answers leaked at exactly 2:15 a.m. from the online portal. — I ________ it. My phone battery died at midnight, and the dorm WiFi was down for the whole night, so there’s no log of me even logging in. A. can’t have done B. mustn’t have done C. may have done D. must have done 4. At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with grass ________ and trees ________, and ________ down to eat our picnic lunch. A. to lie on; to provide shade; sat B. lying on; providing shade; sitting C. lying on; to provide shade; sitting D. to lie on; providing shade; sat 5. The bill ________ data-privacy standards across the EU, and tech companies ________ that compliance costs will soar. A. concerns about; deeply concern B. concerns; are deeply concerned C. concerns that; are deeply concerned about D. is concerned about; are deeply concerned 6. The algorithm ranks ________ human intuition once considered priceless beyond measure, yet it also learns to question whether its own metrics still echo the heartbeat of what we truly value. A. how B. where C. what D. how what 7. The judges gave no hint of what they thought, so the defendant left the room really ________. A. to be worried B. being worried C. having been worried D. worried 8. After you watch the documentary, you will know the way ________. A. how nature is ruined B. nature is being ruined C. in which to ruin nature D. that nature to be ruined 9. The review board rejected the proposed survey ________ its questions might trigger subconscious distress among adolescent participants. A. on the grounds that B. with the intention that C. under the condition that D. despite the fact that 10. Many might think of Emily Dickinson as someone locked away from the world, a spinster living and writing in her bedroom ________ she were in a self-made prison. A. as though B. even if C. in that D. on condition that 11. Sarah carefully reviewed the contract, then ________ it to the finance department for final approval before the board meeting scheduled next Tuesday. A. signed B. forwarded C. drafted D. released 12. Even in rich countries, governments struggle to be able to ________ the necessary resources to the pressing issue of global warming. A. convince B. conquer C. consult D. commit 13. She is ________ the most inventive coder on the team, routinely delivering elegant solutions weeks ahead of aggressive deadlines. A. submissively B. faithfully C. profitably D. arguably 14. Carbon dating offers vital clues, yet remains ________ within centuries, leaving archaeologists debating the temple’s true age. A. incorrect B. inexact C. incomplete D. inconsistent 15. Despite evidence, the ________ persists that humans use only ten percent of their brains, captivating self-help audiences worldwide. A. myth B. mystery C. medium D. memorandum 16. During the economic downturn, demand for short ________ courses surged as displaced workers sought quick credentials in renewable-energy installation. A. recreational B. vocational C. institutional D. generational 17. The novel captures the collective ________ of villagers who lost homes, land, and ancestral songs to the rising river. A. contentment B. relief C. disgust D. sorrow 18. The athlete’s legal team confirmed they will ________ against the four-year suspension, citing irregularities in the anti-doping panel’s chain-of-custody documentation. A. warn B. discriminate C. appeal D. vote 19. ________ drives teenagers to equate self-worth with branded sneakers, fueling anxiety when limited budgets collide with social media ideals. A. Materialism B. Collectivism C. Imperialism D. Individualism 20. Before negotiations began, the CEO stood to ________ enduring partnership, clinking glasses with investors. A. roast B. boast C. coast D. toast 21. Our beach wedding plans ________ after the resort canceled all bookings due to an approaching super typhoon. A. went through B. saw through C. fell through D. broke through 22. My grandfather still ________ teaching teenagers chess gambits that leave them speechless and humbled. A. is at the mercy of B. takes notice of C. is subjected to D. gets his kicks out of 23. Eager to impress, Maria spoke too fast and ________ as nervous, though her research was flawlessly prepared. A. came out B. came in C. came off D. came on 24. Overconfident freshmen recklessly ________ the advanced courses, only to discover questions far beyond their lecture notes. A. entered for B. ran for C. stood for D. answered for 25. Midway through therapy, she recognized she was ________ when panic attacks shrank from hours to fleeting minutes. A. on thin ice B. on the right track C. on the same page D. on the horizon III. Vocabulary(1’ *20=20’) (A) Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. admitting B. fade C. feverish D. honored E. proposing F. mark G. participation H. revelatory I. shower J. star K. still What makes a tradition—and why do people keep traditions alive? You might ask any of the children chosen to be Las Mayas in Colmenar Viejo, a village in Spain. Each spring, a few girls typically between the ages of 7 and 11 sit in elaborate altars(祭坛) decorated with fresh flowers to ___26___ the new season. As crowds pass by for two hours, the girls are to sit perfectly ___27___ , their facial expressions a sign of how seriously they take their roles. Families are ___28___ if their daughter is selected from the dozens of young girls who apply to participate in this local tradition with ancient roots. But taking part means weeks of ___29___ activity preparing the elaborate altars and dresses. Photographer Daniel Ochoa de Olza has spent his career documenting Spanish traditions, from the serious to the noble. At each, he wonders why they continue. He recalls a festival in Piornal, Spain, where villagers ___30___ an armored, devil-like character with turnips(萝卜). And there’s the famous festival of San Fermín in Pamplona, Ochoa de Olza’s hometown—the running of the bulls. “It’s stupid and it’s dangerous, but it’s our tradition, ” he says, ___31___ that he’s run nine times. The Maya girls create the compositions in which they ___32___ , so the portraits aren’t photographically daring, says Ochoa de Olza. But they’re ___33___ in the sense that, even in one’s own country, there are always new customs to discover—practices with vitality and beauty, even if they may be disappearing. The magic of being a Maya tends to ___34___ as the girls grow beyond childhood, says Ochoa de Olza. As teenagers, onetime Mayas tend to laugh off their past ___35___ , projecting cool by denying their youthful enthusiasm. And yet, as former Mayas have daughters of their own, the tradition continues. (B) Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. boasts B. commuters C. companions D. fooled E. identifiers F. sought-after G. sparks H. striking I. starters J. text-based K. time-honored Why are people hanging plush toys on their bags? In today’s urban landscapes, a fascinating trend is emerging among young people: their bags are becoming canvases for self-expression. Whether it’s subway ___36___ with plush toys dangling from zippers or shoppers adorned with tin badges, bags — be they shoulder bags or backpacks — are being transformed into personalized statements. Plush toys reign supreme as the most popular bag charms. From the highly ___37___ Labubu and the laid-back capybara to Disney’s beloved characters like Linabell and StellaLou, these fluffy ___38___ travel everywhere with their owners. For fans of music and theater, ___39___ charms are the go-to accessory. These vibrant “bag billboards” feature lyrics or inside jokes, serving as subtle yet bold ___40___ for like-minded communities. The anime and manga fandom ___41___ an endless array of IP-inspired charms, collectively known as “goods”. This niche is a vibrant playground for creativity. Don’t be ___42___ by the small size of these bag charms, behind them lies a fascinating psychological significance. Touchable emoji updates Bag charms act as tangible “emoji updates” — personal declarations that are both subtle and ___43___. They offer glimpses into the wearer’s unspoken feelings. Emotional stress reliever Touching soft charms stimulates pleasurable neural signals, reduces stress hormones, and ___44___ joy — a pocket-sized therapy. Unspoken passport Like secret handshakes, these charms unite tribes. They’re silent conversation ____45____ for those who “get it”. Self-expression ID Whether for fandom or self-identity, these tiny accessories reflect who we are — or aspire to be. IV. Reading Comprehension(15’+30’) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The word graffiti simply means words or drawings or scratched or scribbled (乱涂) on a wall and has been around since humans have lived in societies. Most people now agree that art in the form of graffiti ____46____ in New York in the 1960s and it has been developing ever since. However, it is not readily accepted as being art, like those works that we go to galleries or museums to see. It is not ____47____ the status of genuine art because of a lack of form or other basic aesthetic (美学的) elements. In fact, most of the opposition of illegality, incoherence and non-standard presentation does not necessarily ____48____ it as art. There are three main levels and types of graffiti. First, there is the “tag” — the stylized writing of a name — which, while it might ____49____ a style of writing, has little or no aesthetic appeal. In fact, the tag or individual mark is not produced for aesthetic purposes but is basically a means of indicating the writer’s ____50____ — the age-old statement of “I was here”. Murals (壁画) for community enhancement and beautification are also a form of graffiti, even though they are not thought of in this way because most murals are formally ____51____. These are more colorful and complex. They take a considerable amount of skill to complete, and murals can be done in a graffiti art style or as a traditional pictorial scene. The last form of graffiti is graffiti art, which is the ____52____ use of spray-paint to produce an artwork that is graffiti or done in a graffiti-like style. The reasons and values for why one might engage in graffiti art are as ____53____ as the artists who produce it. A chief reason is the prospect of fame and recognition of one’s artistic talent. Graffiti is also a form of self-expression. The art as “writing” is a method of communicating with other writers and the general public. What it communicates is the artist’s ____54____ expression and ideas. Judgments are based solely on one’s artistic ability. This type of communication is of value because it links people regardless of cultural linguistic or racial ____55____ in a way that nothing else can. ____56____, producing graffiti art with a crew builds teamwork in that the crew works together for the accomplishment of a common goal. Some graffitists view their art as a ____57____ against the established art market and gallery system, in that art is not only that which appears in a gallery as determined by the curator (策展人). Some also view their creations on public and private spaces as statements against private ____58____. Of course, the majority of graffitists enjoy what they do and find it to be fun, rewarding and exciting. Although these reasons are valid, they do not ____59____ settle the matter as to why graffiti art is art or why it is a valid art form despite its ____60____ origins. 46. A. benefited B. approached C. originated D. functioned 47. A. considered B. denied C. given D. charged 48. A. remove B. regard C. accept D. disqualify 49. A. suggest B. destroy C. launch D. prefer 50. A. reputation B. interest C. presence D. talent 51. A. allowed for B. arranged for C. applied for D. accounted for 52. A. creative B. excessive C. traditional D. domestic 53. A. famous B. varied C. innovative D. disappointing 54. A. signature B. identity C. masterpiece D. appearance 55. A. differences B. prejudices C. violence D. injustice 56. A. After all B. Even so C. In addition D. On the whole 57. A. competition B. judgment C. protection D. protest 58. A. conversations B. life C. visits D. property 59. A. efficiently B. defensively C. disagreeably D. conclusively 60. A. illegal B. irregular C. irresponsible D. irrelevant Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Nala the cat, a Siamese and tabby mix, is slightly cross-eyed with gray and white fur. She likes being petted but isn’t a fan of being held. She was rescued from an animal shelter and really loves men with beards. She happens to have more than 4.4 million followers on Instagram, making her the most followed cat on the photo-sharing app. Her owners, Varisiri “Pookie” Methachittiphan and Shannon Ellis, also have five other cats and one dog running around their home — all of whom are Internet famous. Animals have long been popular online, and having especially photogenic (上镜的) pets has led people like Methachittiphan and Ellis to a lucrative full-time career. “The hardest part is that you never really have a day off. It’s 24/7,” Methachittiphan told CNN Business. For Nala’s Instagram account, they keep it pretty simple. She’s pictured making funny faces or playing with boxes. For some photos, they dress her up in costumes such as a space suit or with accessories on her head like crowns. Methachittiphan adopted Nala in 2010 in Los Angeles when she was a master’s student and made an Instagram account for her two years later when the service started taking off. “It really happened by accident,” she said. By the second week, Nala had 500 followers, and by the fourth month, she had reached almost 50,000.” Methachittiphan took the cat’s growing fame very seriously. In the early days, she experimented with hashtags and finding the optimal time to post on Instagram to keep growing Nala’s following. When she was featured on Instagram’s “Popular” page, now called “Explore”, Methachittiphan began setting an alarm for 5 a.m. to post photos and increase Nala’s chances of being chosen again to help increase her exposure. Brands soon started reaching out about sponsored content deals with Nala. That’s when Methachittiphan decided to turn the cat’s Instagram following into a career. In addition to sponsored content deals, they use their accounts to raise awareness about animal hunger, fostering pets, adopting animals from shelters and educating people about proper pet parenting. “We know that we have to build something that is sustainable, that lives on its own. That thing will be Nala’s legacy,” Ellis said. 61. What can we learn about Nala according to the first two paragraphs? A. She is a crossbred cat. B. She was born in an animal shelter. C. She now stays with seven other pets. D. She doesn’t enjoy the company of humans. 62. Which of the following is the correct order of Nala’s story? ①Nala got popular and attracted many sponsors. ②Nala’s Instagram account was created in 2012. ③Nala’s accounts were employed to make a difference. ④Nala had almost fifty thousand followers on Instagram. ⑤Nala’s owner figured out the best time to post her photos. A. ①⑤②④③ B. ②①④③⑤ C. ①②⑤③④ D. ②④⑤①③ 63. We can learn from the passage that ________. A. Nala’s popularity has slipped away recently B. Nala’s going viral happened by chance C. Nala’s owners had several jobs to make ends meet D. Nala’s owners donated large sums to charity 64. Methachittiphan and Ellis can be described as ________. A. rich and generous B. powerful and tricky C. quick and humorous D. creative and devoted (B) As fall approaches, new students will arrive on college campuses with all kinds of things: luggage and school supplies, mini fridges and sports equipment. Experts suggest that parents and teenagers take proactive steps now to help plan for and preserve mental well-being during the big transition to college. Connect early with the counseling center Consider contacting the college’s counseling center before you arrive on campus. This is particularly important for those who already have an emotional disorder or other mental health concern. Check to see if the counseling center provides off-campus referrals, and assemble a short list of potential providers to have in your back pocket ahead of arriving at school. This is a good practice for any student, as it may be necessary to seek outside support if the school’s counseling center develops a waiting list. Embrace other types of support There are many resources available to students besides the counseling center. Tutoring, peer advising, student activities and career services can all help support a student’s emotional well-being. Connecting with other students is especially important, the experts said. Spend some time looking at the school’s extracurricular activities and clubs. Consider having a roommate even if you have the option of living alone, Mrs. Martin said. It can broaden your social network and help buffer stressors. Practice basic wellness habits In the summer before college, teenagers should take stock of how they’re eating, sleeping and socializing, the experts said, especially given that they may have formed some unhealthy habits during the pandemic. If a student’s basic needs are neglected, it becomes more difficult to cultivate a healthier mental state. Learning how to support yourself and taking steps to become more independent can also make the college transition less jarring. Before arriving on campus, practice managing a budget; advocating for yourself with a teacher, doctor or coach; or spending time outside of your childhood home — perhaps with a relative, or at summer camp. 65. According to the passage, experts suggest the following ways EXCEPT ________ for students to be emotionally well. A. living with their peers. B. developing good personal habits. C. taking part in after-school activities. D. always seeking advice at school counseling centers. 66. The underlined word “jarring” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ________. A. smooth. B. gradual. C. sudden. D. annoying. 67. The passage is intended for ________. A. senior college students seeking advice on mental health. B. university students majoring in psychology. C. students heading to college in the coming autumn. D. would-be college students suffering mental disorder. (C) In today’s data-driven world, the value of data has been likened to that of oil, but unlike oil, data is not a finite resource — it grows continuously as new information is created. Businesses, particularly those employing AI algorithms, rely on data more than ever to drive success. However, a challenge that has arisen is ensuring the data used is reliable, objective, and ethically sourced. Concerns are mounting over the use of shady data sources and “black-box” collection methods, where businesses are unsure of how the data was sourced, raising ethical and legal issues. Rachel Aldighieri of the Data and Marketing Association (DMA) stresses that ethical practices in data collection are essential, especially as businesses increasingly use AI to automate decision-making processes. Inappropriate data usage can lead to inaccurate AI models and prejudiced outcomes. Stephen Lester, CTO at Paragon, echoes this sentiment, noting that companies should use open methods to collect data, ensuring participants know how their data is being used and that they receive proper payment. To follow data protection rules, businesses should balance their needs with individuals’ rights. This helps ensure they have the right permissions to use collected data, building customer trust and reducing legal risks. They should also consult resources like the DMA Code for guidance on ethical data practices. However, obtaining reliable data isn’t always straightforward. Open-source datasets are available, but they often lack quality controls and safeguards against bias. Synthetic data, generated by AI, offers an alternative, allowing companies to train AI models without risking real individuals’ privacy. Although synthetic data isn’t linked to real people, businesses must be cautious about potential inaccuracies. A notable tool in this space is MIT’s Synthetic Data Vault, which helps generate synthetic data for a variety of enterprise use cases. Despite its usefulness, there remain concerns about the accuracy of such data when used for critical AI training. Chris Stephenson from Sagacity highlights the importance of training AI models with error-checking mechanisms. He notes that while synthetic data can be useful, businesses must remain careful about how algorithms are trained, paying close attention to the potential for mistakes or biases to slip through unnoticed. As ethical concerns rise, businesses are expected to carefully review their data collection practices. They should know where their data comes from, avoid unreliable sources, and ensure data used in AI models is accurate and fair. Ultimately, organizations must be open and accountable in their data practices to remain trustworthy. 68. What does the phrase “echoes this sentiment” in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A. Agrees with clear and ethical data practices. B. Disapproves of the views on data collection. C. Questions the use of open data collection methods. D. Ignores the ethical concerns surrounding AI and data. 69. What can be learned from paragraphs 3 and 4? A. There are tools to ensure data accuracy. B. Reliable data is extremely hard to obtain. C. Ethical data practices lack clear definitions. D. Synthetic data should generally be restricted. 70. Which of the following statements is Chris Stephenson most likely to agree with? A. Error-checking tools are already mature for practical use. B. Data protection rules should be prioritized over data accuracy. C. Mistakes may remain undetected during the training of AI models. D. Synthetic data is the best way to collect data for AI model training. 71. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Synthetic data solves most ethical concerns associated with AI. B. Data collection practices in Al have limited ethical implications. C. Ethical data collection and accuracy are essential for responsible AI usage. D. Businesses should prioritize using as much data as possible for AI training. (D) Women are still underrepresented in top academic positions. One of the possible explanations for this is the increasing importance of obtaining research funding. Women are often less successful in this than men. Psychology researchers Dr. Romy van der Lee and professor Naomi Ellemers investigated whether this difference also occurs at the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) and examined potential explanations. The researchers were assigned by NWO to carry out this study as part of the broader evaluation of NWO’s procedures and its gender diversity policy. The aim was to gain more insight into the causes of the differences in awarding rates for male and female applicants for research funding. The analysis addressed an important “talent programme” of NWO, the Veni grant. “Whoever receives this grant has a greater chance of obtaining an important appointment at a university, ” says Naomi Ellemers. Van der Lee and Ellemers investigated all the applications submitted by male and female researchers over a period of three years: a total of 2823 applications. Under the direction of NWO these applications were assessed by scientific committees consisting of men and women. The results demonstrate that the awarding rates for female applicants (14.9%) are systematically lower than those for male applicants (17.7%). “If we compare the proportion of women among the applicants with the proportion of women among those awarded funding, we see a loss of 4%,” said Ellemers. The study reveals that women are less positively evaluated for their qualities as researcher than men are, “Interestingly the research proposals of women and men are evaluated equally positively. In other words, the reviewers see no difference in the quality of the proposals that men and women submit,” says Romy van der Lee. In search for a possible cause for the differences in awarding rates and evaluations, the researchers also investigated the language use in the instructions and forms used to assess the quality of applications. This clearly revealed the occurrence of gendered language. The words that are used to indicate quality are frequently words that were established in previous research as referring mainly to the male gender stereotype (such as challenging and excellent). Romy van der Lee explains: “As a result, it appears that men more easily satisfy the assessment criteria, because these better fit the characteristics stereotypically associated with men.” In response to the results of this research, NWO will devote more attention to the gender awareness of reviewers in its methods and procedures. It will also be investigated which changes to the assessment procedures and criteria can most strongly contribute to more equal chances for men and women to obtain research funding. This will include an examination of the language used by NWO. NWO chair Jos Engelens said, “The research has yielded valuable results and insights. Based on the recommendations made by the researchers we will therefore focus in the coming period on the development of evidence-based measures to reduce the difference in awarding rates.” 72. Van der Lee and Ellemers carried out the research to find out whether _________. A. women are less successful than men in top academic positions B. female applicants are at a disadvantage in getting research funding C. NOW’s procedures and gender diversity policy enhance fair play D. there are equal chances for men and women to be admitted to a university 73. Van der Lee and Ellemers’ study shows that _________. A. grant receivers were more likely to get appointments at universities B. men applicants for research funding outnumbered women applicants C. the research proposals of women are equally treated with those of men D. the reviewers have narrow, prejudiced conceptions of women candidates 74. What might be the main cause for the differences in awarding rates and evaluations? A. The words used in the instructions and forms. B. The reviewers’ preference to applications. C. The methods and procedures for evaluation. D. The vague and unclear assessment criteria. 75. What will NWO probably do next in response to the results of this research? A. Eliminate possibilities for difference in awarding rates. B. Design a language examination for all the reviewers. C. Emphasize the importance of gender awareness. D. Improve the assessment procedures and criteria. 第二卷 Section A(10’) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Will a robot really take your job? It is one of the most widely quoted statistics of recent years. No report or conference presentation on the future of work is complete ____76____ it. The finding ____77____ 47 percent of American jobs are at high risk of being automated by the mid-2030s comes from a paper published in 2013. The paper was written by two Oxford academics, Carl Benedikt Frey and Michael Osborne. It ____78____ (quote) in more than 4,000 other academic articles ever since. In April, one ____79____ (strike) worker in Los Angeles carried a notice that read “47% of American jobs are expected to be automated by 2034.” “That is,” Frey stresses, “definitely not what the paper says.” At one extreme ____80____ (be) the doom-mongers (末世论者). They warn of mass technological joblessness just around the corner. One advocate of this position, Martin Ford, worries that middle-class jobs will disappear, economic mobility will cease, and the richest people in a country could “shut ____81____ away in gated communities, perhaps guarded by autonomous military robots and drones.” At the positive end of the spectrum, classical economists argue that in the past, new technology has always ended up creating more jobs than it has destroyed. Everything will work out fine in the long run, ____82____ the short term is likely to be bumpy, as it was during the Industrial Revolution. It was several decades ____83____ industrialization led to significantly higher wages for British workers in the early 1800s, ____84____ delay known as Engels’ pause. While automation is likely to boost inequality in the short run by pushing some people into lower-paid jobs, it eventually increases the overall size of the economic pie. Frey is often assumed to be in the first camp. Plenty of people are surprised to discover that he is in fact, ____85____ (close) to the second. The paper by him and Osborne simply wanted to point out that 47 percent of the current jobs in America, from the 702 different occupations they studied, were more likely to be affected by automation. Section B: Summary Writing (10’) 86. Directions: Reading the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage with no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Building a Greener Future Which is more important when designing a building: beauty or function? At the start of the twentieth century, Louis Sullivan, one of the creators of modern architecture, said that ‘form follows function’. However, many people disagree with this and feel that beauty is a more important factor in architectural design. In the modern world, it seems that most architects combine both ideas: aiming to create buildings which are both functional and beautiful. The reason for creating a building in the first place is clearly very important. For example, when building an airport terminal, you need to think of the needs of passengers as well as planes. Passengers want to get to their plane as quickly as they can, and planes need to be parked in the most efficient way possible. Beauty, however, is also clearly important when constructing a building. Living or working in an ugly place creates a depressing and uninspiring environment. In contrast, an attractive building can make people feel happier and increase their motivation to work. There is also a wider responsibility to society which architects have to consider. Beautiful, well-constructed buildings are a symbol of a civilized society. In theory, there seems to be no reason why architecture cannot be both functional and beautiful. Yet in practice, this can cause problems. The Modern International style of the 1920s and 1930s, an example of which is the Guggenheim Museum in New York, was supposed to combine beauty with function. Many consider the museum’s white spiral ramp beautiful, but there have been complaints that it is impractical, as it is difficult to stand back to view the art. Also, the ramp is so narrow that it can become overcrowded. It seems that even this celebrated design has problems with functionality. If architects focus only on function, buildings may be cold, ugly and uninteresting. On the other hand, if they focus only on making it look beautiful, the building may be completely impractical. Therefore, combining these two ideas is necessary to create the perfect piece of architecture. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ * Section C: Translation (3’+3’+4’+5’=15’) 87. 我们对甜食的偏爱可以追溯到史前时期，怪不得戒糖是个难题。(trace)(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________ 88. 尽管高铁车厢拥挤，婴儿还是紧贴着母亲平稳的心跳，安然入睡。(against) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________ 89. 在社交媒体上，各种大胆的意见铺天盖地，却很难开启一次真正有意义、有建设性的对话。(shortage) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________ 90. 今年夏天，苏超联赛（Jiangsu City Football League）火到门票秒空，各大媒体争相报道, 把原本冷门的城市地标都变成了网红景点。(overlook) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________ 2025-2026学年度第一学期 高二英语摸底考试卷 (满分150分，130分钟完成。答案一律写在答题纸上) 第一卷 I. Listening Comprehension (25’) Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Their friends would take them to the beach. B. They wouldn’t mind taking the bus. C. Someone would drive them home. D. They wouldn’t be able to find a phone. 2. A. The man has to wash a thousand dishes. B. The man has more dishes than his brother. C. The man’s brother hasn’t washed the dishes yet. D. The man’s brother spends much time washing the dishes. 3. A. He’d like to reschedule the party. B. He and Joe aren’t free next Friday. C. He doesn’t know what to bring to the party. D. He isn’t sure if Joe is available on the party day. 4. A. The man took the wrong train. B. Delays in train service will continue. C. It’s better to take a train later in the day. D. Train service will return to normal in a few days. 5. A. Sports. B. Music. C. Hardware. D. Arts and crafts. 6. A. She has changed her schedule. B. She was sick on Friday. C. She works less than she used to. D. Her vacation started on Monday. 7. A. She’d also like to get a printer. B. The man should buy a high-quality printer. C. She needs a printer more than the man does. D. The man should invest in a printing company. 8. A. He doesn’t remember exactly what he said. B. He told the woman to try to get more sleep. C. He knew the woman would benefit from his advice. D. He didn’t expect that the woman would listen to him. 9. A. She thinks it’s cold, too. B. They need to get the freezer fixed again. C. She’d like the man to repeat what he said. D. The man told her that before. 10. A. Eat a late dinner. B. Cancel the break. C. Ski p dinner. D. Bring the man something to eat. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. It can film things beyond one’s view. B. It can get data with its built-in devices. C. It can access one’s phone or tablet for data. D. It is linked with one’s desktop computers. 12. A. By gesturing or talking to the device. B. By touching one arm of the frame. C. By selecting built-in commands. D. By using data from one’s tablet. 13. A. It has proved useful to the consumer. B. It has greatly changed people’s life. C. Its value is still unpredictable now. D. It promises to be potentially profitable. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Weaker muscles. B. Change in eyeballs. C. Exposure to radiation. D. Body weight loss. 15. A. By lowering pressure in their skulls. B. By exercising with special equipment. C. By fighting against radiation in space. D. By creating a man-made magnetic field. 16. A. Zero gravity is the only cause of astronauts’ health problems in space. B. The human body can adapt itself quickly to the environment in outer space. C. Men are more affected than women physically in zero gravity environment. D. There are problems to be solved for longer stays in space. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. She only rested a little time between exercises. B. She did not rest after exercise. C. She attended the beginner’s class. D. She attended an advanced exercise class. 18. A. Lifting weights. B. Doing aerobics. C. Instructing the woman. D. Cooking breakfast. 19. A. Ten o’clock next evening. B. Ten o’clock next morning. C. Eight o’clock next evening. D. Eight o’clock next morning. 20. A. The winner cooks dinner. B. The winner entertains the family. C. The loser cooks dinner. D. The loser entertains the family. II. Multiple Choices(25’) 【1题答案】 【答案】D 【2题答案】 【答案】D 【3题答案】 【答案】A 【4题答案】 【答案】D 【5题答案】 【答案】B 【6题答案】 【答案】C 【7题答案】 【答案】D 【8题答案】 【答案】B 【9题答案】 【答案】A 【10题答案】 【答案】A 【11题答案】 【答案】B 【12题答案】 【答案】D 【13题答案】 【答案】D 【14题答案】 【答案】B 【15题答案】 【答案】A 【16题答案】 【答案】B 【17题答案】 【答案】D 【18题答案】 【答案】C 【19题答案】 【答案】A 【20题答案】 【答案】D 【21题答案】 【答案】C 【22题答案】 【答案】D 【23题答案】 【答案】C 【24题答案】 【答案】A 【25题答案】 【答案】B III. Vocabulary(1’ *20=20’) (A) 【26~35题答案】 【答案】26. F 27. K 28. D 29. C 30. I 31. A 32. J 33. H 34. B 35. G (B) 【36~45题答案】 【答案】36. B 37. F 38. C 39. J 40. E 41. A 42. D 43. H 44. G 45. I IV. Reading Comprehension(15’+30’) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. 【46~60题答案】 【答案】46. C 47. B 48. D 49. A 50. C 51. B 52. A 53. B 54. B 55. A 56. C 57. D 58. D 59. D 60. A Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) 【61~64题答案】 【答案】61. A 62. D 63. B 64. D (B) 【65~67题答案】 【答案】65. D 66. C 67. C (C) 【68~71题答案】 【答案】68. A 69. B 70. C 71. C (D) 【72~75题答案】 【答案】72. B 73. C 74. A 75. D 第二卷 Section A(10’) 【76~85题答案】 【答案】76. without 77. that 78. has been quoted 79. striking 80. are 81. themselves 82. although##though##while 83. before 84. a 85. closer Section B: Summary Writing (10’) 【86题答案】 【答案】There is a question that which is more important when an architect designs a building: beauty or function.(要点一) Function is important because it makes the buildings more practical.(要点二) However, beauty is also important because an attractive building can make people feel better.(要点三) It seems that buildings can be functional and beautiful in theory but not in practice.(要点四) Therefore, the perfect building should combine beauty and function.(要点五) * Section C: Translation (3’+3’+4’+5’=15’) 【87题答案】 【答案】Our preference for sweet food can be traced back to prehistoric times. No wonder quitting sugar is a challenge. 【88题答案】 【答案】Despite the cramped high-speed train compartment, the baby slept peacefully, pressed against her mother’s steady heartbeat. ‌ 【89题答案】 【答案】On social media, various bold opinions flood the screen, but there’s a striking shortage of truly meaningful and constructive dialogues. 【90题答案】 【答案】This summer, tickets for the Jiangsu City Football League were sold out instantly, with major media outlets rushing to cover the event, turning previously overlooked urban landmarks into viral destinations. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $