精品解析：北京市2025-2026学年新高一9月入学适应性练习英语试题

机密、本科目考试启用前 北京市2025年普通高中学业水平适应性评估 英 语 姓名：____________________ 准考证号：____________________ 本试卷共11页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。 考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 考试结束时，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题，每小题1. 5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Friend in Need Suraj was a student in Class 5. He was a naught boy who liked making fun of other classmates. They didn’t like this but could do nothing. One day, after the science class, Suraj went to fool one of his classmates, Kiran. Kiran felt ___1___ and just sat on the chair. As soon as their math teacher arrived to the class, Suraj moved back to his place quickly. The class started and the ___2___ was asking some questions to the students. And it happened. Suraj wet his pants! He felt very ashamed. He ___3___ how his classmates would think about him. His wet pants would be the hot topic of the school! His friends would talk about this for years. The girls in the class would never look at him as a friend. The boys and girls would never speak with him. He would become the joker for everyone in the class. Suraj’s imagination was going so wild. The math teacher noticed a kind of uneasiness in Suraj. She was watching him for a few minutes and ___4___ him in some kind of trouble. Suraj noticed the teacher watching him and tried to act normal. He felt that his heart would stop beating very soon. He ___5___ pleaded (恳求), ‘Dear God, you have to help me. In 5 or 10 minutes, I will be dead. I really need some ___6___ from you.’ The teacher again saw that Suraj was uneasy and she looked at him. He smiled at her. Kiran made a request to let him drink some water. ___7___, Kiran from the back chair took his water bottle and started to move out of the classroom. As he crossed Suraj’s desk, he dropped the water bottle. The cap opened and all water fell on Suraj. It surprised everyone greatly and the teacher ___8___ to help Suraj. She asked a student to get a towel from her office. His friends cleaned the desk and helped him. The teacher asked another student to bring a pair of gym pants for him to wear until his pants got dry. The act of being laughed at suddenly became sympathetic (同情的). When Kiran tried to help him, he was cornered. The teacher punished him for being so ___9___. And of course, Suraj was so relaxed. He looked at Kiran, who stood silently in a corner. After school Suraj walked to Kiran and thanked him with all his heart. Kiran smiled and said, ‘Hey, I know buddy! Because I also ____10____ the same few months before. I wet my pants! 1. A. upset B. happy C. satisfied D. excited 2. A. student B. teacher C. classmate D. friend 3. A. expected B. understood C. found D. imagined 4. A. showed B. felt C. saw D. kept 5. A. silently B. loudly C. strangely D. carefully 6. A. hope B. decision C. choice D. help 7. A. Luckily B. Suddenly C. Naturally D. Gradually 8. A. rushed B. agreed C. decided D. preferred 9. A. helpless B. hopeless C. useless D. careless 10. A. expressed B. experienced C. described D. completed 第二节（共10小题，每小题1. 5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 On Februry 14, men around the world take out their wives or girlfriends _____11_____ (have) dinner, buying them flowers and gifts. However, people in Japan do it ____12____ (different). On that day, a woman usually ____13____ (give) gifts to the man in her life. This gift comes in the form of chocolate or cookies. One month later, on March 14, they celebrate White Day, when men present gifts to women. Instead of chocolates, they may give handbags, flowers or clothes. ____14____ if a girl wants to receive more gifts on White Day, she should give gifts generously to her loved ones on Valentine's Day. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 In 2002, Yao Ming was selected the first overall in the NBA Draft(选秀). No athlete is ____15____ (responsible) than Yao for China’s rise to a global sports superpower. After Yao ____16____ (join) the Houston Rockets, the NBA became the first professional sports league from the US to visit China. Thanks to Yao’s impact, more professional ____17____(team) have a presence in China today. Yao retired in 2011 following a career that included eight NBA All-Star selections. He's truly a superstar who belongs to the world. C 18. — ________ are these apples? — About 20 yuan. (用适当的词填空) 19. If I __________ (have) time tomorrow, I will clean the room. (所给词的适当形式填空) 20. A lot of trees __________ (plant) in the park last year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第二部分 阅读表达（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题，每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Trying to find the perfect present is about as easy as trying to read someone’s mind. Few people will actually tell you what they want for a special occasion and most of the time your loved ones will insist that they don’t need or want anything! So, what to do? Here are some tips that could help. Start Early Starting your shopping early can have many advantages. For instance it gives you enough time to come up with ideas for what you should buy your friends or family members. Moreover, the closer it gets to holidays, the higher the prices go up. So, save your money by being an early bird. Make a List Here, you can write down everything your friends or family members love. This can include food, hobbies, experiences, and more. Then try to determine how to use this information to find a gift that perfectly suits them. If you are lucky, you should be able to find good ideas in one of these lists. Think outside the Box Often, the reason why you get stuck for gift ideas is that you only focus on the same kind of presents. If you are still coming up empty, it is time to get creative. You can find something your friends or family members can use every day. When in doubt, you can simply put smaller presents together to make up a larger, more meaningful gift. Gift an Experience In case you are still feeling a little stuck, go ahead and find something that the two of you can do together. It may be a class, or anything else where you can enjoy each other’s company. In short, you will be able to give them the gift of friendship. 21. Start your shopping early can help you _______. A. buy gifts in lower prices B. change ideas very often C. read your friend’s mind easily D. make a list of preferred gifts 22. To enjoy each other’s company, you can _______. A. talk to your family members B. find something that you can do together C. write down everything your friends love D. put smaller gifts together to make up a larger one 23. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To suggest ways on how to make friends. B. To give advice on reading minds. C. To share a travel story. D. To offer tips on buying presents. B Rhiannon Menn is the founder of Lasagna Love, a global nonprofit that connects neighbors through homemade meal delivery. In March 2020, her San Diego community shut down because of the pandemic. She and her husband own a design and build company, but their projects were put on hold. Rhiannon felt helpless and wondered what she could do to be useful. It didn’t take her long to decide. “Cooking is my happy place,” she says. She ordered groceries online and got to work. She and her daughter, Cimorene, then three, made extra pans of lasagna, and Rhiannon posted in a local moms’ group on Facebook, offering to drop off a free home-cooked meal to anyone who wanted one. Some people requested a meal. Even more wanted to help Rhiannon feed those who were struggling. Rhiannon created a spreadsheet for each volunteer, matching them with families who’d requested a meal. Word of what she was doing spread quickly on social media. “By summer, we had more than 100 volunteer chefs,” she says. Too many for one person to track. Someone offered to create an online portal (门户网站) to manage the volunteers and meal requests. This automated system freed Rhiannon to do what she really loves: cook and reach people in need. For Rhiannon, lasagna is the best comfort food. But it’s about more than just food. “Our volunteers deliver a sense of hope with the meal,” she says. “We want people to know that a stranger cared enough about them to make them a meal. Kindness is contagious (传染性的), and it can transform communities.” Lasagna Love currently has 25,000 volunteers—or Lasagna Chefs, as they’re called—across the United States, Canada and Australia, who have delivered more than 150,000 meals to families in their communities. “This movement has given me purpose in a way I didn’t have before,” Rhiannon says. In her home, cooking is a family event. Cimorene, now five, has gotten good at layering the noodles. Rhiannon also has a three-year-old son and an 11-month-old baby boy. “I love that my kids are learning the importance of helping others,” she says. Volunteer chefs log in to the portal and input how many meals they’d like to deliver that week. The system matches them with nearby families requesting a meal, and the volunteer texts the family to set up a delivery time. The meals are dropped off on doorsteps for contact-free delivery. The organization is called Lasagna Love, but volunteers can deliver any home-cooked meal they’d like. Rhiannon’s recipe is her own take on lasagna, made healthier with grated zucchini and yellow squash. “I’ve shared my recipe, but volunteers are welcome to use their own recipes for any dishes they’d like to make,” she says. 24 Why did Rhiannon start Lasagna Love? A. To help struggling neighbors. B. To fight against the pandemic. C. To help their design and build company. D. To improve her neighbors’ cooking skills. 25. What can we know about the volunteers in Lasagna Love? A. They are trained by experienced chefs. B. They deliver their own meals to people in need. C. They search for families in need by themselves. D. They all follow Rhiannon’s recipe to make lasagna. 26. We can infer from the passage that Rhiannon ________. A. had no purpose in life before B. is too busy to deliver meals now C. likes posting her meals on social media D. has set a good example for her children 27. Which of the following words best describe Rhiannon? A. Helpful and humorous. B. Honest and successful. C. Kind-hearted and generous. D. Hardworking and ambitious. C As college sports continue to be hugely popular and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) brings in large amounts of money, people have restarted the discussion on whether college athletes should get paid. Supporters of the idea believe that, because college athletes are bringing in audiences, they should receive some sort of compensation (补偿). In fact, the NCAA brings in about $1 billion income a year, but college athletes don’t receive any of that money in the form of a paycheck. Additionally, people who believe college athletes should be paid state that paying college athletes will actually encourage them to remain in college longer and not turn professionals as quickly, either by giving them a way to begin earning money in college or requiring them to sign a contract (合同) saying they’ll stay at the university for a certain number of years while making an agreed-upon salary. People who argue against the idea of paying college athletes believe the practice could be disastrous for college sports. Paying athletes would turn college sports into a bidding (竞拍)war, where only the richest schools could afford top athletes, and most schools would be shut out from developing a talented team. It could also harm the friendship within many college teams if players become unhappy that certain teammates are making more money than they are. Those against paying college athletes also believe that the athletes are receiving enough benefits already. The top athletes receive scholarships that are worth tens of thousands per year. They receive free food and textbooks, get travel bonuses and free equipment, and can use their time in college as a way to attract the attention of professional coaches. No other college students receive anywhere near as much from their schools. While both sides have good points, it’s clear that the negatives of paying college athletes far outweigh the positives. College athletes have been compensated enough. Adding a salary would result in a college athletic system where only a few athletes are paid by some schools who enter bidding wars to sign them up, while most student athletics and college athletic programs suffer or even shut down for lack of money. Continuing to offer the present benefits to student athletes makes it possible for as many people to benefit from and enjoy college sports as possible. 28. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that college athletes ________. A. have earned what they are promised B tend to serve college longer when well-paid C. should make an agreed-upon salary by signing contracts D. prefer to stay at university rather than turn professionals 29. People against paying college athletes believe ________. A. money should be spent on bonuses B. schools would be unable to afford it C. it could be harmful to college sports D. students would value payments over achievements 30. What is the author’s attitude towards paying college athletes? A. Uncertain. B. Satisfied. C. Positive. D. Unsupportive. D Chemists have spent the past century trying to make plastics that will break down in seawater. As it is, most plastics appear to take centuries to fully degrade in the ocean. But that may change. Scientists have just designed a new plastic that can break down in seawater within weeks, not decades or more. Back in the 1930s, scientists created a now-popular plastic out of corn and potato starch (淀粉). It’s known as polylactide, or PLA. It’s a polymer (聚合物), which is a molecule made by linking many building blocks — called monomers — into a long string. Scientists had hoped PLA would quickly break down in the environment. And in some places, like compost pits (堆肥坑), it does. But not in seawater. Even after three years in ocean water, PLA remains largely unchanged. Timo Rheinberger is a PhD student at the University of Twente in the Netherlands. His work on polymers has focused on boosting PLA’s breakdown. As part of that work, he became part of a team that just added some RNA-inspired breaking points to PLA. They put those breaking points in places where monomers in the PLA molecules are linked. They weakened the links that joined up to 15 percent of a PLA’s monomers. Then, they soaked their samples in artificial seawater and measured how fast these tweaked versions of PLA broke down. The expected final product of PLA’s breakdown was a small molecule called lactic acid. So, they tested for that too. As the team had hoped, seawater attacked the weakened links between monomers, splitting the polymer chain apart. The more breaking points the researchers added to the polymer, the faster the PLA broke down. When they weakened 15 percent of PLA’s monomer links, the polymer broke down entirely within just two weeks. When they weakened only 3 percent of the links, the breakdown took about 2 years. This suggests the team can design how quickly PLA will break down in water by adjusting how many weakened links it has. Mehlika Karamanlioglu teaches biomedical engineering at Istanbul Gelisim University. She, too, has studied environmental breakdown of PLA. “It’s a new approach,” she says of the Dutch technique. Theirs is also “a preliminary study,” Karamanlioglu says. So, more testing must follow. Scientists want to know how the strength of the new PLA compares to old PLA. Rheinberger agrees. “You need a lot of material to start those studies,” he adds. And so far, his team has made only small amounts of the modified PLA. Karamanlioglu notes the Dutch team also tested the breakdown of its PLA in artificial seawater. “I wonder if they checked [the water] for pollution,” she adds. If there were microbes (微生物), those microbes may have produced molecules called enzymes that sped up the PLA’s degradation. 31. What can we learn about PLA from the passage? A Lactic acid prevents the breakdown of PLA. B. PLA breaks down faster in artificial seawater. C. PLA’s breakdown relies on that of monomers. D. Compost pits are the best places for PLA’s breakdown. 32. What does the underlined word “preliminary” in Paragraph 7 probably mean? A. Systematic. B. Comparative. C. In-depth. D. Early-stage. 33. What is Mehlika’s attitude towards the findings of the Dutch team? A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Optimistic. D. Cautious. 34. What can be learned from the last three paragraphs? A. Mehlika is confident about the application of the new PLA. B. The cleanness of water also affects the breakdown of PLA. C. The new PLA has better strength than the old PLA. D. The new PLA have been produced in large amounts. 第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Starting high school means changes in your life. Most teenagers look forward to the first day of high school, but still feel a little bit nervous. ___35___ Learn all you can about your first day before the first school day. Take part in some activities that are held at the school for new students to know the school better. If parents are invited to these activities, take yours with you. Carefully look over all the materials you receive. ___36___ ___37___ Buy the things suggested on your teachers’ supply lists and place your materials for each class separately. ___38___ If you find you’re not doing well in a subject, make use of after-school study groups or ask your teacher to help you with your schoolwork. Consider private tutoring to get you through a difficult time. There are more extracurricular (课外的) activities in high school than in middle school, such as clubs, music and theatre groups, student government, and sports teams. Make friends and be seen at such school activities. ___39___ Ask someone in the school office about opportunities to take part in school activities if you don’t know how. This is a good time to do what you like doing and an opportunity to try new things. Who says school has to be all work and no play? Since you’re attending more activities in high school than in middle school, you’ll have to learn to manage your time. A. Keep up with your high school study. B. Get the things you will need for class. C. Keep a good balance of study and play. D. Enjoy your high school life like this way. E. Be sure you know where the school’s buildings are. F. You can follow these tips to make your new life easier. G. Join a club or other organizations to meet people and develop friendships. 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，42题3分，44题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Your Food Choices Affect the Earth’s Climate Every action has a cost, even for growing food and delivering it to your dinner plate. A team of researchers has found that meat production releases more climate-warming pollution than it does when producing fruits, vegetables, nuts and grains. Their calculations suggest that people could do a lot to slow global warming if they limited how much meat they eat. There are plenty of “costs” of food. As to the visible costs, people pay money for the food as well as the fuel needed to get groceries to the store or restaurant. However, producing foods also takes resources, for example, the water used to irritate (灌溉) crop fields or the fertilizer and chemicals used to promote plant growth and fight pests. Peter Scarborough at the University of Oxford in England decided to calculate some of the less-visible pollution created by food production. His team focused on greenhouse gases emitted through the production of our food, including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (甲烷) and the nitrous oxide. All three gases are important. While CO2 is the greenhouse gas released in the highest volume, methane and nitrous oxide stay in the atmosphere far longer than CO2 does. As such, they are more powerful in warm the earth’s atmosphere. They used a computer to change the methane and nitrous-oxide emissions for each person’s diet into its carbon dioxide “equivalent. ” That’s the amount of CO2 needed to warm Earth’s atmosphere by the same amount as the methane or nitrous oxide would. As for the calculations of the carbon dioxide “equivalent (等量)” , in the 1990s, a survey asked 65,000 adults what they typically had eaten throughout the past year. Scarborough’s team fed those data into a computer and then included the amount of green house gases linked with producing nearly 100 common foods. Then the computer matched those green house-gas amounts to the mix of foods each person had reported eating. It shows that the diet of someone whose meals included an average of 50 to 99 grams of meat each day would be responsible for the daily release of 5.6 kilograms of CO2 equivalent while those vegans had the lowest diet-linked greenhouse-gas emissions （ 40 ） kg of CO2 equivalent. Its authors conclude that reducing the intake of meat and other animal-based products can make a valuable contribution to climate change reduction. And compared to meat, more plant-based food calories can be grown on more lands with less water and other resources. In places where many people are going hungry, raising meat may make it harder to ensure that everyone gets enough to eat. 40. What are the visible costs of food mentioned in the article? _________________________________________ 41. According to the author, why can our food choices affect the earth’s climate? _________________________________________ 42. Please underline the inappropriate part in the following statement and explain why. Plant-based food can adapt to more types of lands than meat, but they may have a higher requirement of water and other resources, which can be a disadvantage of such food. _________________________________________________________________________________ 43. As high school students, how should we protect the environment in addition to what is described in this article? (Put forward his own opinion, no less than 40 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（20分） 44. 英语课上你们在讨论英语学习的方法，请根据下列内容，写一个发言稿，介绍你的英语学习情况： 1. 你在英语学习过程中遇到了哪些困难? 2. 你尝试了哪些方法解决这些困难? 效果如何? 注意：词数100左右。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 机密、本科目考试启用前 北京市2025年普通高中学业水平适应性评估 英 语 姓名：____________________ 准考证号：____________________ 本试卷共11页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。 考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 考试结束时，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题，每小题1. 5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Friend in Need Suraj was a student in Class 5. He was a naught boy who liked making fun of other classmates. They didn’t like this but could do nothing. One day, after the science class, Suraj went to fool one of his classmates, Kiran. Kiran felt ___1___ and just sat on the chair. As soon as their math teacher arrived to the class, Suraj moved back to his place quickly. The class started and the ___2___ was asking some questions to the students. And it happened. Suraj wet his pants! He felt very ashamed. He ___3___ how his classmates would think about him. His wet pants would be the hot topic of the school! His friends would talk about this for years. The girls in the class would never look at him as a friend. The boys and girls would never speak with him. He would become the joker for everyone in the class. Suraj’s imagination was going so wild. The math teacher noticed a kind of uneasiness in Suraj She was watching him for a few minutes and ___4___ him in some kind of trouble. Suraj noticed the teacher watching him and tried to act normal. He felt that his heart would stop beating very soon. He ___5___ pleaded (恳求), ‘Dear God, you have to help me. In 5 or 10 minutes, I will be dead. I really need some ___6___ from you.’ The teacher again saw that Suraj was uneasy and she looked at him. He smiled at her. Kiran made a request to let him drink some water. ___7___, Kiran from the back chair took his water bottle and started to move out of the classroom. As he crossed Suraj’s desk, he dropped the water bottle. The cap opened and all water fell on Suraj. It surprised everyone greatly and the teacher ___8___ to help Suraj. She asked a student to get a towel from her office. His friends cleaned the desk and helped him. The teacher asked another student to bring a pair of gym pants for him to wear until his pants got dry. The act of being laughed at suddenly became sympathetic (同情的). When Kiran tried to help him, he was cornered. The teacher punished him for being so ___9___. And of course, Suraj was so relaxed. He looked at Kiran, who stood silently in a corner. After school, Suraj walked to Kiran and thanked him with all his heart. Kiran smiled and said, ‘Hey, I know buddy! Because I also ____10____ the same few months before. I wet my pants! 1. A. upset B. happy C. satisfied D. excited 2. A. student B. teacher C. classmate D. friend 3. A. expected B. understood C. found D. imagined 4. A. showed B. felt C. saw D. kept 5. A. silently B. loudly C. strangely D. carefully 6. A. hope B. decision C. choice D. help 7. A. Luckily B. Suddenly C. Naturally D. Gradually 8. A. rushed B. agreed C. decided D. preferred 9. A. helpless B. hopeless C. useless D. careless 10. A. expressed B. experienced C. described D. completed 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个调皮男孩Suraj在课堂上不小心尿裤子后感到尴尬，他的同学Kiran通过巧妙的方式帮他解围的故事。 【1题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Kiran感到不安，只是坐在椅子上。A. upset不安的；B. happy高兴的；C. satisfied满意的；D. excited兴奋的。根据前文“One day, after the science class, Suraj went to fool one of his classmates, Kiran.”可知，Suraj捉弄Kiran，Kiran被捉弄后应该感到不高兴。故选A项。 【2题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：开始上课了，老师正在向学生提问。A. student学生；B. teacher老师；C. classmate同学；D. friend朋友。根据上文“As soon as their math teacher arrived to the class, Suraj moved back to his place quickly.”可知，数学老师已经进入教室，因此正在提问的应是老师。故选B项。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他想象着同学们会怎么看他。A. expected期望；B. understood理解；C. found发现；D. imagined想象。本段从第五句开始到倒数第二句，都是Suraj脑海中想象的同学们的反应，且本段最后一句“Suraj’s imagination was going so wild.”明确说明是他的imagination（想象）。故选D项。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她观察了他几分钟，看出他遇到了某种麻烦。A. showed展示；B. felt感觉；C. saw看出；D. kept保持。根据前文“The math teacher noticed a kind of uneasiness in Suraj.”及本句中的“was watching”可知，老师是注意到了他的不安，观察了一会，“看出”他遇到了麻烦。故选C项。 【5题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他默默地恳求：“亲爱的上帝，您必须帮我。”A. silently默默地；B. loudly大声地；C. strangely奇怪地；D. carefully小心地。根据上下文，这一切是发生在上课后的课堂上，符合常理及逻辑的情况应是Suraj在内心祈祷，没有发出声音，因此是“默默地”。故选A项。 【6题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我真的需要你的帮助。A. hope希望；B. decision决定；C. choice选择；D. help帮助。根据前文“He ___5___ pleaded (恳求), ‘Dear God, you have to help me.”可知，他是在向上帝请求帮助。故选D项。 【7题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，Kiran从后排拿起水瓶开始走出教室。A. Luckily幸运地；B. Suddenly突然；C. Naturally自然地；D. Gradually逐渐地。根据前文“Kiran made a request to let him drink some water.”可知，Kiran征得老师的同意想喝水，而对于正在上课的全班同学来说，他拿起水瓶，从后排起身走出教室，这些动作是突然发生，其他学生不可能提前预知这些动作的发生。故选B项。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：大家都非常惊讶，老师冲过去帮助Suraj。A. rushed冲过去；B. agreed同意；C. decided决定；D. preferred更喜欢。根据前文“As he crossed Suraj’s desk, he dropped the water bottle. The cap opened and all water fell on Suraj.”可知，这是突发的意外，老师的第一反应应当是“冲过去”帮忙。故选A项。 【9题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老师因他如此粗心而惩罚了他。A. helpless无助的；B. hopeless无望的；C. useless无用的；D. careless粗心的。结合语境，再根据上文“As he crossed Suraj’s desk, he dropped the water bottle.”可推知，此处指Kiran“不小心”把水洒在Suraj身上，从老师的角度来看应当认为是他粗心导致的。故选D项。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为几个月前我也经历过同样的事。A. expressed表达；B. experienced经历；C. described描述；D. completed完成。根据下文“ I wet my pants!”可知，此处指Kiran说自己也曾尿过裤子，是“经历”过同样的事情。故选B项。 第二节（共10小题，每小题1. 5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 On Februry 14, men around the world take out their wives or girlfriends _____11_____ (have) dinner, buying them flowers and gifts. However, people in Japan do it ____12____ (different). On that day, a woman usually ____13____ (give) gifts to the man in her life. This gift comes in the form of chocolate or cookies. One month later, on March 14, they celebrate White Day, when men present gifts to women. Instead of chocolates, they may give handbags, flowers or clothes. ____14____ if a girl wants to receive more gifts on White Day, she should give gifts generously to her loved ones on Valentine's Day. 【答案】11. to have 12. differently 13. gives 14. So/Thus 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了2月14日情人节时，一般世界各地的男人们会带着他们的妻子或女朋友出去吃饭，给她们买鲜花和礼物。然而，日本人的做法不同。 【11题详解】 考查不定式作目的状语。句意：2月14日，世界各地的男人们会带着他们的妻子或女朋友出去吃饭，给她们买鲜花和礼物。此处要用不定式作目的状语，表示他们外出的目的是吃晚餐。故填to have。 【12题详解】 考查副词。句意：然而，日本人的做法不同。此处要用副词修饰动词do。故填differently。 【13题详解】 考查时态。句意：在那一天，女人通常会把礼物送给她生命中的男人。根据usually 可知时态是一般现在时，且主语是a woman，因此要用第三人称单数形式。故填gives。 【14题详解】 考查副词。句意：因此，如果一个女孩想在白色情人节收到更多的礼物，她应该在情人节慷慨地送礼物给她爱的人。根据if a girl wants to receive more gifts on White Day可知此句与下句是因果关系，要用表示因果的副词修饰本句。故填So/Thus。 【点睛】第3小题考查了一般现在时且主语是第三人称的用法。一般现在时的用法： 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue. 天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day. 我每天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时的结构： 1.be动词：主语+be（am，is，are）其它。如：I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。 2.行动词：主语+行为动词（+其它）。如：We study English我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数（he，she，it）时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如： Mary likes Chinese玛丽喜欢汉语。 一般现在时常用的时间词：often，usually，sometimes，every day（week，year..）等。 A.第三人称单数形式的构成 一般现在时主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词后要加s或es，其变化规则与名词变复数的方法大体相同： 1.一般情况下只在动词后加s，如work-works，write-writes. 2.以o，s，x，sh，ch结尾的动词，后加-es，如guess-guesses，mix-mixes，finish-finishes，catch-catches. 3.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为i加-es，如study-studies. 注：不规则变化的有 have-has B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 In 2002, Yao Ming was selected the first overall in the NBA Draft(选秀). No athlete is ____15____ (responsible) than Yao for China’s rise to a global sports superpower. After Yao ____16____ (join) the Houston Rockets, the NBA became the first professional sports league from the US to visit China. Thanks to Yao’s impact, more professional ____17____(team) have a presence in China today. Yao retired in 2011 following a career that included eight NBA All-Star selections. He's truly a superstar who belongs to the world. 【答案】15. more responsible 16. joined 17. teams 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了姚明从2002年至2011年在NBA期间获得的荣誉和他带来的影响。 【15题详解】 考查形容词的比较级。句意：对于中国崛起为全球体育超级大国，姚明是最负责任的运动员。根据句中的than可知此处要用形容词的比较级。故填more responsible。 【16题详解】 考查时态。句意：姚明加入休斯敦火箭队后，NBA成为第一个访问中国的美国职业体育联盟。根据下句中的谓语became可知此处时态是一般过去时，因此此处要用动词的过去式。故填joined。 【17题详解】 考查名词的复数。句意：由于姚明的影响，更多的职业球队出现在中国。根据形容词more professional可知此处要用名词的复数形式，team是可数名词，复数形式是teams。故填teams。 C 18. — ________ are these apples? — About 20 yuan. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】How much 【解析】 【详解】考查特殊疑问句。句意：——这些苹果多少钱？——大约20元。根据“About 20 yuan”可知，问句是询问苹果的价钱，用特殊疑问词how much提问，置于句首，首字母大写。故填How much。 19. If I __________ (have) time tomorrow, I will clean the room. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have 【解析】 【详解】考查真实条件句和时态。句意：如果明天我有时间，我会打扫房间。本句中if引导真实条件句，表达未来可能发生的真实条件，真实条件句的主从句时态搭配为主将从现，从句用一般现在时表将来。根据主句中的will clean用一般将来时，空处所在的条件从句用一般现在时，主语为第一人称“I”，动词用have。故填have。 20. A lot of trees __________ (plant) in the park last year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】were planted 【解析】 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：去年公园里种了很多树。plant(种植)作谓语，与主语“A lot of trees”之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“last year”可知，讲述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数名词，谓语用复数形式。故填were planted。 第二部分 阅读表达（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题，每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Trying to find the perfect present is about as easy as trying to read someone’s mind. Few people will actually tell you what they want for a special occasion and most of the time your loved ones will insist that they don’t need or want anything! So, what to do? Here are some tips that could help. Start Early Starting your shopping early can have many advantages. For instance, it gives you enough time to come up with ideas for what you should buy your friends or family members. Moreover, the closer it gets to holidays, the higher the prices go up. So, save your money by being an early bird. Make a List Here, you can write down everything your friends or family members love. This can include food, hobbies, experiences, and more. Then try to determine how to use this information to find a gift that perfectly suits them. If you are lucky, you should be able to find good ideas in one of these lists. Think outside the Box Often, the reason why you get stuck for gift ideas is that you only focus on the same kind of presents. If you are still coming up empty, it is time to get creative. You can find something your friends or family members can use every day. When in doubt, you can simply put smaller presents together to make up a larger, more meaningful gift. Gift an Experience In case you are still feeling a little stuck, go ahead and find something that the two of you can do together. It may be a class, or anything else where you can enjoy each other’s company. In short, you will be able to give them the gift of friendship. 21. Start your shopping early can help you _______. A. buy gifts in lower prices B. change ideas very often C. read your friend’s mind easily D. make a list of preferred gifts 22. To enjoy each other’s company, you can _______. A. talk to your family members B. find something that you can do together C. write down everything your friends love D. put smaller gifts together to make up a larger one 23. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To suggest ways on how to make friends. B. To give advice on reading minds. C. To share a travel story. D. To offer tips on buying presents. 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要给出了几条如何找到完美礼物的建议：提前选购，列清单，跳出固有思维以及把共同经历作为一份礼物。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Start Early”部分内容“Moreover, the closer it gets to holidays, the higher the prices go up. So, save your money by being an early bird.(而且，离假期越近，物价就越高。所以，做一个早做准备的人可以节省你的钱。)”可知，早做准备可以省钱，以一个较低的价格买到相同的东西。故选A。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Gift an Experience”部分内容“In case you are still feeling a little stuck, go ahead and find something that the two of you can do together. It may be a class, or anything else where you can enjoy each other’s company.(如果你仍然感觉有点被困住了，继续找一些你们俩可以一起做的事情。它可能是一门课，或者其他任何你们可以享受彼此陪伴的事情。)”可知，为了享受彼此的陪伴，你可以找一些可以一起做的事情。故选B。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章体裁为应用文，文章结构为总分结构，首段内容“Trying to find the perfect present is about as easy as trying to read someone’s mind.(想要找到完美的礼物就像读心术一样简单。)”以及“Here are some tips that could help.(这里有一些可以帮助你的建议。)”揭示了文章的目的，即：文章主要讲述了找到完美礼物的几个建议。D项“To offer tips on buying presents.(提供买礼物的建议)”符合文章大意。故选D。 B Rhiannon Menn is the founder of Lasagna Love, a global nonprofit that connects neighbors through homemade meal delivery. In March 2020, her San Diego community shut down because of the pandemic. She and her husband own a design and build company, but their projects were put on hold. Rhiannon felt helpless and wondered what she could do to be useful. It didn’t take her long to decide. “Cooking is my happy place,” she says. She ordered groceries online and got to work. She and her daughter, Cimorene, then three, made extra pans of lasagna, and Rhiannon posted in a local moms’ group on Facebook, offering to drop off a free home-cooked meal to anyone who wanted one. Some people requested a meal. Even more wanted to help Rhiannon feed those who were struggling. Rhiannon created a spreadsheet for each volunteer, matching them with families who’d requested a meal. Word of what she was doing spread quickly on social media. “By summer, we had more than 100 volunteer chefs,” she says. Too many for one person to track. Someone offered to create an online portal (门户网站) to manage the volunteers and meal requests. This automated system freed Rhiannon to do what she really loves: cook and reach people in need. For Rhiannon, lasagna is the best comfort food. But it’s about more than just food. “Our volunteers deliver a sense of hope with the meal,” she says. “We want people to know that a stranger cared enough about them to make them a meal. Kindness is contagious (传染性的), and it can transform communities.” Lasagna Love currently has 25,000 volunteers—or Lasagna Chefs, as they’re called—across the United States, Canada and Australia, who have delivered more than 150,000 meals to families in their communities. “This movement has given me purpose in a way I didn’t have before,” Rhiannon says. In her home, cooking is a family event. Cimorene, now five, has gotten good at layering the noodles. Rhiannon also has a three-year-old son and an 11-month-old baby boy. “I love that my kids are learning the importance of helping others,” she says. Volunteer chefs log in to the portal and input how many meals they’d like to deliver that week. The system matches them with nearby families requesting a meal, and the volunteer texts the family to set up a delivery time. The meals are dropped off on doorsteps for contact-free delivery. The organization is called Lasagna Love, but volunteers can deliver any home-cooked meal they’d like. Rhiannon’s recipe is her own take on lasagna, made healthier with grated zucchini and yellow squash. “I’ve shared my recipe, but volunteers are welcome to use their own recipes for any dishes they’d like to make,” she says. 24. Why did Rhiannon start Lasagna Love? A. To help struggling neighbors. B. To fight against the pandemic. C. To help their design and build company. D. To improve her neighbors’ cooking skills. 25. What can we know about the volunteers in Lasagna Love? A. They are trained by experienced chefs. B. They deliver their own meals to people in need. C. They search for families in need by themselves. D. They all follow Rhiannon’s recipe to make lasagna. 26. We can infer from the passage that Rhiannon ________. A. had no purpose in life before B. is too busy to deliver meals now C. likes posting her meals on social media D. has set a good example for her children 27. Which of the following words best describe Rhiannon? A. Helpful and humorous. B. Honest and successful. C. Kind-hearted and generous. D. Hardworking and ambitious. 【答案】24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是Rhiannon Menn建立了名为Lasagna Love的全球非营利组织，旨在给有需要的邻居提供食物。 24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“She and her daughter, Cimorene, then three, made extra pans of lasagna, and Rhiannon posted in a local moms’ group on Facebook, offering to drop off a free home-cooked meal to anyone who wanted one. Some people requested a meal. Even more wanted to help Rhiannon feed those who were struggling.(她和当时三岁的女儿Cimorene多做了几盘千层面，Rhiannon在Facebook上的一个当地妈妈群里发帖，表示愿意给任何想吃的人送一份免费的家常菜。有些人要了一份。甚至有更多的人想帮助Rhiannon养活那些生活挣扎的人。)”可知，Rhiannon创办Lasagna Love的目的是帮助苦苦挣扎的邻居。故选A。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段的“Lasagna Love currently has 25,000 volunteers—or Lasagna Chefs, as they’re called—across the United States, Canada and Australia, who have delivered more than 150,000 meals to families in their communities.(Lasagna Love目前有2.5万名志愿者——他们被称为“千层面大厨”——来自美国、加拿大和澳大利亚，他们已经为社区的家庭提供了超过15万份食物。)”可知，Lasagna Love的志愿者送餐给有需要的人。故选B。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的“Cimorene, now five, has gotten good at layering the noodles. Rhiannon also has a three-year-old son and an 11-month-old baby boy. “I love that my kids are learning the importance of helping others,” she says.(五岁的Cimorene很擅长将面条分层。Rhiannon还有一个三岁的儿子和一个11个月大的男婴。她说:“我很高兴我的孩子们正在学习帮助他人的重要性。)”可知，我们可以从文章中推断，Rhiannon为她的孩子树立了一个好榜样，故选D。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的“She and her daughter, Cimorene, then three, made extra pans of lasagna, and Rhiannon posted in a local moms’ group on Facebook, offering to drop off a free home-cooked meal to anyone who wanted one. Some people requested a meal. Even more wanted to help Rhiannon feed those who were struggling.(她和当时三岁的女儿Cimorene多做了几盘千层面，Rhiannon在Facebook上的一个当地妈妈群里发帖，表示愿意给任何想吃的人送一份免费的家常菜。有些人要了一份。甚至有更多的人想帮助Rhiannon养活那些挣扎的人。)”可知，她为有需要的人免费提供千层面，所以她是善良的和慷慨的。故选C。 C As college sports continue to be hugely popular and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) brings in large amounts of money, people have restarted the discussion on whether college athletes should get paid. Supporters of the idea believe that, because college athletes are bringing in audiences, they should receive some sort of compensation (补偿). In fact, the NCAA brings in about $1 billion income a year, but college athletes don’t receive any of that money in the form of a paycheck. Additionally, people who believe college athletes should be paid state that paying college athletes will actually encourage them to remain in college longer and not turn professionals as quickly, either by giving them a way to begin earning money in college or requiring them to sign a contract (合同) saying they’ll stay at the university for a certain number of years while making an agreed-upon salary. People who argue against the idea of paying college athletes believe the practice could be disastrous for college sports. Paying athletes would turn college sports into a bidding (竞拍)war, where only the richest schools could afford top athletes, and most schools would be shut out from developing a talented team. It could also harm the friendship within many college teams if players become unhappy that certain teammates are making more money than they are. Those against paying college athletes also believe that the athletes are receiving enough benefits already. The top athletes receive scholarships that are worth tens of thousands per year. They receive free food and textbooks, get travel bonuses and free equipment, and can use their time in college as a way to attract the attention of professional coaches. No other college students receive anywhere near as much from their schools. While both sides have good points, it’s clear that the negatives of paying college athletes far outweigh the positives. College athletes have been compensated enough. Adding a salary would result in a college athletic system where only a few athletes are paid by some schools who enter bidding wars to sign them up, while most student athletics and college athletic programs suffer or even shut down for lack of money. Continuing to offer the present benefits to student athletes makes it possible for as many people to benefit from and enjoy college sports as possible. 28. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that college athletes ________. A. have earned what they are promised B. tend to serve college longer when well-paid C. should make an agreed-upon salary by signing contracts D. prefer to stay at university rather than turn professionals 29. People against paying college athletes believe ________. A. money should be spent on bonuses B. schools would be unable to afford it C. it could be harmful to college sports D. students would value payments over achievements 30. What is the author’s attitude towards paying college athletes? A. Uncertain. B. Satisfied. C. Positive. D. Unsupportive. 【答案】28. B 29. C 30. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。讨论了是否应该给大学运动员发工资。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Additionally, people who believe college athletes should be paid state that paying college athletes will actually encourage them to remain in college longer and not turn professionals as quickly, (此外，那些认为应该给大学运动员发工资的人表示，给大学运动员发工资实际上会鼓励他们在大学呆得更久，而不是更快地成为专业人士)”可知，大学运动员被给予报酬后，可能倾向于继续在大学服务。故选B。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“People who argue against the idea of paying college athletes believe the practice could be disastrous for college sports. (反对向大学运动员付费的人认为这种做法可能会给大学体育带来灾难)”可知，持反对意见的人们认为给大学运动员支付薪酬会对大学体育造成损害。故选C。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“While both sides have good points, it’s clear that the negatives of paying college athletes far outweigh the positives.(尽管双方都有各自的道理，但显然，给大学运动员发工资的负面影响远远大于正面影响)”可知，作者认为负面影响大于正面影响，也就是说作者不支持给大学运动员发工资。故选D。 D Chemists have spent the past century trying to make plastics that will break down in seawater. As it is, most plastics appear to take centuries to fully degrade in the ocean. But that may change. Scientists have just designed a new plastic that can break down in seawater within weeks, not decades or more. Back in the 1930s, scientists created a now-popular plastic out of corn and potato starch (淀粉). It’s known as polylactide, or PLA. It’s a polymer (聚合物), which is a molecule made by linking many building blocks — called monomers — into a long string. Scientists had hoped PLA would quickly break down in the environment. And in some places, like compost pits (堆肥坑), it does. But not in seawater. Even after three years in ocean water, PLA remains largely unchanged. Timo Rheinberger is a PhD student at the University of Twente in the Netherlands. His work on polymers has focused on boosting PLA’s breakdown. As part of that work, he became part of a team that just added some RNA-inspired breaking points to PLA. They put those breaking points in places where monomers in the PLA molecules are linked. They weakened the links that joined up to 15 percent of a PLA’s monomers. Then, they soaked their samples in artificial seawater and measured how fast these tweaked versions of PLA broke down. The expected final product of PLA’s breakdown was a small molecule called lactic acid. So, they tested for that too. As the team had hoped, seawater attacked the weakened links between monomers, splitting the polymer chain apart. The more breaking points the researchers added to the polymer, the faster the PLA broke down. When they weakened 15 percent of PLA’s monomer links, the polymer broke down entirely within just two weeks. When they weakened only 3 percent of the links, the breakdown took about 2 years. This suggests the team can design how quickly PLA will break down in water by adjusting how many weakened links it has. Mehlika Karamanlioglu teaches biomedical engineering at Istanbul Gelisim University. She, too, has studied environmental breakdown of PLA. “It’s a new approach,” she says of the Dutch technique. Theirs is also “a preliminary study,” Karamanlioglu says. So, more testing must follow. Scientists want to know how the strength of the new PLA compares to old PLA. Rheinberger agrees. “You need a lot of material to start those studies,” he adds. And so far, his team has made only small amounts of the modified PLA. Karamanlioglu notes the Dutch team also tested the breakdown of its PLA in artificial seawater. “I wonder if they checked [the water] for pollution,” she adds. If there were microbes (微生物), those microbes may have produced molecules called enzymes that sped up the PLA’s degradation. 31. What can we learn about PLA from the passage? A. Lactic acid prevents the breakdown of PLA. B. PLA breaks down faster in artificial seawater. C. PLA’s breakdown relies on that of monomers. D. Compost pits are the best places for PLA’s breakdown. 32. What does the underlined word “preliminary” in Paragraph 7 probably mean? A. Systematic. B. Comparative. C. In-depth. D. Early-stage. 33. What is Mehlika’s attitude towards the findings of the Dutch team? A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Optimistic. D. Cautious. 34. What can be learned from the last three paragraphs? A. Mehlika is confident about the application of the new PLA. B. The cleanness of water also affects the breakdown of PLA. C. The new PLA has better strength than the old PLA. D. The new PLA have been produced in large amounts. 【答案】31. C 32. D 33. D 34. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍科学家们设计了一种新型塑料，可以在海洋中迅速分解。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“As the team had hoped, seawater attacked the weakened links between monomers, splitting the polymer chain apart. The more breaking points the researchers added to the polymer, the faster the PLA broke down. (正如研究小组所希望的那样，海水攻击了单体之间薄弱的连接，使聚合物链断裂。研究人员在聚合物中添加的断点越多，PLA分解的速度就越快)”和第六段“When they weakened 15 percent of PLA’s monomer links, the polymer broke down entirely within just two weeks. When they weakened only 3 percent of the links, the breakdown took about 2 years.(当他们削弱PLA 15%的单体连接时，聚合物在两周内完全分解。当他们只削弱了3%的联系时，这种破坏持续了大约2年)”可知，PLA的分解依赖于单体的分解。故选C。 【32题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后句“So, more testing must follow. (因此，必须进行更多的测试)” 可知，他们的研究只是“初步研究”。由此推知，划线词preliminary与early-stage(早期阶段，早期的)意思接近。故选D。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第七段“She, too, has studied environmental breakdown of PLA. “It’s a new approach,” she says of the Dutch technique. Theirs is also “a preliminary study,” Karamanlioglu says. So, more testing must follow. (她也研究过PLA的环境破坏。“这是一种新方法，”她谈到荷兰的技术时说。Karamanlioglu说，他们的研究也是“初步研究”。因此，必须进行更多的测试)” 可推断，Mehlika对荷兰研究小组的发现持谨慎态度。故选D。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后三段，尤其是最后一段“Karamanlioglu notes the Dutch team also tested the breakdown of its PLA in artificial seawater. “I wonder if they checked [the water] for pollution,” she adds. If there were microbes (微生物), those microbes may have produced molecules called enzymes that sped up the PLA’s degradation. (Karamanlioglu指出，荷兰研究小组还测试了PLA在人工海水中的分解。她补充说：“我想知道他们是否检查了（水）污染。”如果有微生物，这些微生物可能产生了一种叫做酶的分子，加速PLA的降解)” 可知，水的清洁度也会影响PLA的分解。故选B。 第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Starting high school means changes in your life. Most teenagers look forward to the first day of high school, but still feel a little bit nervous. ___35___ Learn all you can about your first day before the first school day. Take part in some activities that are held at the school for new students to know the school better. If parents are invited to these activities, take yours with you. Carefully look over all the materials you receive. ___36___ ___37___ Buy the things suggested on your teachers’ supply lists and place your materials for each class separately. ___38___ If you find you’re not doing well in a subject, make use of after-school study groups or ask your teacher to help you with your schoolwork. Consider private tutoring to get you through a difficult time. There are more extracurricular (课外的) activities in high school than in middle school, such as clubs, music and theatre groups, student government, and sports teams. Make friends and be seen at such school activities. ___39___ Ask someone in the school office about opportunities to take part in school activities if you don’t know how. This is a good time to do what you like doing and an opportunity to try new things. Who says school has to be all work and no play? Since you’re attending more activities in high school than in middle school, you’ll have to learn to manage your time. A. Keep up with your high school study. B. Get the things you will need for class. C. Keep a good balance of study and play. D. Enjoy your high school life like this way. E. Be sure you know where the school’s buildings are. F. You can follow these tips to make your new life easier. G. Join a club or other organizations to meet people and develop friendships. 【答案】35. F 36. E 37. B 38. A 39. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要针对高中新生如何适应高中生活提出了几条建议。 【35题详解】 上文“Starting high school means changes in your life. Most teenagers look forward to the first day of high school, but still feel a little bit nervous.(开始上高中意味着你生活的变化。大多数青少年都期待着高中的第一天，但仍然感到有点紧张)”说明开始上高中会带来生活的变化，大多数青少年对此感到期待但也有些紧张。F选项“You can follow these tips to make your new life easier.(你可以遵循这些建议，让你的新生活更轻松)”承接上文，提出可以遵循一些建议来让新生活更轻松，并引出下文的具体建议，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 【36题详解】 上文“Carefully look over all the materials you receive.(仔细查看你收到的所有资料)”建议仔细查看收到的所有资料，E选项“Be sure you know where the school’s buildings are.(一定要知道学校的教学楼在哪里)”进一步提出要确保知道学校建筑的位置，这是对查看资料后可能获得的信息或需要进一步了解的内容的具体说明，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。 【37题详解】 下文“Buy the things suggested on your teachers’ supply lists and place your materials for each class separately.(购买老师供应清单上建议的东西，并把每节课的材料分开摆放)”说明要购买老师建议的物品，并分类摆放好每节课的材料。B选项“Get the things you will need for class.(准备好上课需要的东西)”概括了下文的内容，即准备好上课所需的东西，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。 【38题详解】 下文“If you find you’re not doing well in a subject, make use of after-school study groups or ask your teacher to help you with your schoolwork. Consider private tutoring to get you through a difficult time.(如果你发现自己在某一科目上表现不佳，可以利用课后学习小组或请老师帮助你完成作业。考虑请私人家教来帮你度过难关)”说明如果在学习上遇到困难，要采取一些措施来跟上学习进度。A选项“Keep up with your high school study.(跟上你的高中学习)”概括了下文的内容，即要跟上高中学习进度，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。 【39题详解】 上文“There are more extracurricular (课外的) activities in high school than in middle school, such as clubs, music and theatre groups, student government, and sports teams. Make friends and be seen at such school activities.(高中的课外活动比初中多，如俱乐部、音乐和戏剧团体、学生会和运动队。在这样的学校活动中结交朋友，让人看到你)”说明高中有更多的课外活动，建议在这些活动中结交朋友。G选项“Join a club or other organizations to meet people and develop friendships.(加入俱乐部或其他组织来结识朋友并发展友谊)”进一步提出加入俱乐部或其他组织来结识朋友和发展友谊，与上文内容紧密相连，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，42题3分，44题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Your Food Choices Affect the Earth’s Climate Every action has a cost, even for growing food and delivering it to your dinner plate. A team of researchers has found that meat production releases more climate-warming pollution than it does when producing fruits, vegetables, nuts and grains. Their calculations suggest that people could do a lot to slow global warming if they limited how much meat they eat. There are plenty of “costs” of food. As to the visible costs, people pay money for the food as well as the fuel needed to get groceries to the store or restaurant. However, producing foods also takes resources, for example, the water used to irritate (灌溉) crop fields or the fertilizer and chemicals used to promote plant growth and fight pests. Peter Scarborough at the University of Oxford in England decided to calculate some of the less-visible pollution created by food production. His team focused on greenhouse gases emitted through the production of our food, including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (甲烷) and the nitrous oxide. All three gases are important. While CO2 is the greenhouse gas released in the highest volume, methane and nitrous oxide stay in the atmosphere far longer than CO2 does. As such, they are more powerful in warm the earth’s atmosphere. They used a computer to change the methane and nitrous-oxide emissions for each person’s diet into its carbon dioxide “equivalent. ” That’s the amount of CO2 needed to warm Earth’s atmosphere by the same amount as the methane or nitrous oxide would. As for the calculations of the carbon dioxide “equivalent (等量)” in the 1990s, a survey asked 65,000 adults what they typically had eaten throughout the past year. Scarborough’s team fed those data into a computer and then included the amount of green house gases linked with producing nearly 100 common foods. Then the computer matched those green house-gas amounts to the mix of foods each person had reported eating. It shows that the diet of someone whose meals included an average of 50 to 99 grams of meat each day would be responsible for the daily release of 5.6 kilograms of CO2 equivalent while those vegans had the lowest diet-linked greenhouse-gas emissions （ 40 ） kg of CO2 equivalent. Its authors conclude that reducing the intake of meat and other animal-based products can make a valuable contribution to climate change reduction. And compared to meat, more plant-based food calories can be grown on more lands with less water and other resources. In places where many people are going hungry, raising meat may make it harder to ensure that everyone gets enough to eat. 40. What are the visible costs of food mentioned in the article? _________________________________________ 41. According to the author, why can our food choices affect the earth’s climate? _________________________________________ 42. Please underline the inappropriate part in the following statement and explain why. Plant-based food can adapt to more types of lands than meat, but they may have a higher requirement of water and other resources, which can be a disadvantage of such food. _________________________________________________________________________________ 43. As high school students, how should we protect the environment in addition to what is described in this article? (Put forward his own opinion, no less than 40 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. People pay money for the food as well as the fuel needed to get groceries to the store or restaurant. 41. Because meat production releases more climate-warming pollution than it does when producing fruits, vegetables, nuts and grains, and food production emits greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide. 42. Plant-based food can adapt to more types of lands than meat, but they may have a higher requirement of water and other resources, which can be a disadvantage of such food. According to the article, more plant-based food calories can be grown on more lands with less water and other resources compared to meat. 43. As high school students, we can protect the environment by adopting a more sustainable lifestyle. We can reduce waste by reusing and recycling items, and choose eco-friendly products. Additionally, we can participate in environmental protection activities and raise awareness among our peers and community about the importance of protecting the environment. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了食物选择对地球气候的影响及应对建议。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段中“As to the visible costs, people pay money for the food as well as the fuel needed to get groceries to the store or restaurant.(至于可见的成本，人们要为食物以及将食品杂货运到商店或餐馆所需的燃料付钱)”可知，文章中提到的食物的可见成本包括购买食物的费用以及将食品杂货运到商店或餐馆所需的燃料费用。故答案为：People pay money for the food as well as the fuel needed to get groceries to the store or restaurant. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段中“A team of researchers has found that meat production releases more climate-warming pollution than it does when producing fruits, vegetables, nuts and grains. Their calculations suggest that people could do a lot to slow global warming if they limited how much meat they eat.(一组研究人员发现，肉类生产比生产水果、蔬菜、坚果和谷物释放的导致气候变暖的污染更多。他们的计算表明，如果人们限制吃肉的数量，就可以为减缓全球变暖做很多事情)”以及第三段中“His team focused on greenhouse gases emitted through the production of our food, including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (甲烷) and the nitrous oxide.(他的团队关注的是食品生产过程中排放的温室气体，包括二氧化碳、甲烷和一氧化二氮)”可知，我们的食物选择会影响地球气候，因为肉类生产比生产水果、蔬菜、坚果和谷物释放的导致气候变暖的污染更多，食品生产过程中会排放二氧化碳、甲烷和一氧化二氮等温室气体。故答案为：Because meat production releases more climate-warming pollution than it does when producing fruits, vegetables, nuts and grains, and food production emits greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide. 42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“And compared to meat, more plant-based food calories can be grown on more lands with less water and other resources.(与肉类相比，更多的植物性食物热量可以在更多的土地上用更少的水和其他资源种植)”可知，与肉类相比，植物性食物可以在更多的土地上用更少的水和其他资源种植，所以“but they may have a higher requirement of water and other resources, which can be a disadvantage of such food”表述错误。故答案为：Plant-based food can adapt to more types of lands than meat, but they may have a higher requirement of water and other resources, which can be a disadvantage of such food. According to the article, more plant-based food calories can be grown on more lands with less water and other resources compared to meat. 【43题详解】 考查开放性题目。本题为开放性试题，要求学生以高中生的身份，提出除文章中描述的内容外，我们应该如何保护环境，不少于40个单词，言之有理即可。例如：作为高中生，我们可以通过采取更可持续的生活方式来保护环境。我们可以通过重复使用和回收物品来减少浪费，并选择环保产品。此外，我们可以参加环保活动，提高同龄人和社区对保护环境重要性的认识。故答案为：As high school students, we can protect the environment by adopting a more sustainable lifestyle. We can reduce waste by reusing and recycling items, and choose eco-friendly products. Additionally, we can participate in environmental protection activities and raise awareness among our peers and community about the importance of protecting the environment. 第二节（20分） 44. 英语课上你们在讨论英语学习的方法，请根据下列内容，写一个发言稿，介绍你的英语学习情况： 1. 你在英语学习过程中遇到了哪些困难? 2. 你尝试了哪些方法解决这些困难? 效果如何? 注意：词数100左右。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear classmates, When talking about English learning, I’ve faced some typical difficulties. For a long time, I struggled with remembering new words and felt nervous when speaking English in class, often making mistakes. To solve these, I tried “context memorization” — learning words through sentences and short passages instead of alone. It worked well! For speaking, I joined our English corner, practicing with peers twice a week. Gradually, I became more confident and made fewer errors. In short, finding suitable methods helps a lot. Persistence with the right ways makes English learning easier. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生在英语课上发言，介绍自己的英语学习情况，包括遇到的困难、解决的方法及效果。 【详解】1.词汇积累 斗争：struggle → battle 解决：solve → tackle/deal with 适合的：suitable → appropriate 坚持：persistence → perseverance 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：For speaking, I joined our English corner, practicing with peers twice a week. 拓展句：For speaking, I joined our English corner, where I practiced with peers twice a week. 【点睛】【高分句型1】When talking about English learning, I’ve faced some typical difficulties, which made me feel frustrated at first.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句的省略和which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】To solve these problems, I tried “context memorization”, which is a method that works well for me.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句和that引导的限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $