内容正文:
人教版 选择性必修 4 Unit 5 Launching your career.同步词汇笔记
序号
单词
派生词
核心考点
速记
经典例句
1
bounce /baʊns/ vi. & vt. (使) 弹起;上下晃动;n. 弹性;弹跳;活力
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. bounce around(蹦来蹦去;弹来弹去)2. bounce off(弹开,如The ball bounced off the wall)
“球‘弹起’(bounce)有弹性”
The children bounced around happily in the playground.(孩子们在操场上开心地蹦来蹦去。)
2
aptitude /ˈæptitjuːd/ n. 天资;天赋
apt /æpt/ adj. 有天赋的;恰当的
aptitude for(在某方面有天赋,如aptitude for language)
“apt(有天赋的)+ itude→天资”
She showed a natural aptitude for playing the piano at a young age.(她小时候就表现出弹钢琴的天赋。)
3
head start 起步前的优势
无(短语)
get a head start(获得起步优势,如get a head start in study)
“‘提前开始’→起步优势”
By attending summer school, he got a head start in his math course.(通过参加暑期学校,他在数学课程上获得了起步优势。)
4
scenario /səˈnɑːriəʊ/ n. 设想;方案;预测
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. hypothetical scenario(假设场景)2. emergency scenario(应急方案)
“‘场景设想’→方案/预测”
We need to prepare for different scenarios in case the project fails.(我们需要为项目失败的不同情况做准备。)
5
lawyer /ˈlɔːjə(r)/ n. 律师
1. legal /ˈliːɡl/ adj. 法律的2. law /lɔː/ n. 法律(词根)
1. hire a lawyer(雇佣律师)2. corporate lawyer(公司律师)
“‘处理法律事务的人’→律师”
He hired a top lawyer to handle his divorce case.(他雇佣了一位顶尖律师处理离婚案件。)
6
assemble /əˈsembl/ vt. 组装;装配;vi. & vt. 收集;聚集;集合
assembly /əˈsembli/ n. 集会;组装
1. assemble sth(组装某物,如assemble furniture)2. assemble a crowd(聚集人群)
“‘把零件集合’→组装;‘把人聚集’→集合”
It took us two hours to assemble the new bookshelf.(我们花了两小时组装新书架。)
7
drawer /drɔː(r)/ n. 抽屉;a chest of drawers 抽屉柜
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. open/close a drawer(打开/关上抽屉)2. a chest of drawers(抽屉柜,固定短语)
“‘放小物件的柜子’→抽屉”
She keeps her jewelry in the bottom drawer of her desk.(她把首饰放在书桌最下面的抽屉里。)
8
breast /brest/ n. 乳房;胸部
breastfeeding /ˈbrestfiːdɪŋ/ n. 母乳喂养(短语)
1. breast cancer(乳腺癌)2. beat one's breast(捶胸顿足,表悔恨)
“‘人体胸部区域’→乳房/胸部”
Women over 40 are advised to have regular breast checks.(40岁以上女性建议定期做乳腺检查。)
9
hydrogen /ˈhaɪdrədʒən/ n. 氢;氢气
hydrogen gas(氢气,短语)
1. hydrogen atom(氢原子)2. hydrogen peroxide(过氧化氢,双氧水)
“化学元素‘H’→氢”
Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen atoms.(水由氢原子和氧原子构成。)
10
radium /ˈreɪdiəm/ n. 镭(放射性元素)
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
Marie Curie discovered radium(玛丽·居里发现镭,固定常识)
“‘居里夫人发现的放射性元素’→镭”
Radium was once used in medical treatments but is now rarely used due to its high radioactivity.(镭曾用于医疗,但因放射性强现极少使用。)
11
wrist /rɪst/ n. 手腕;腕关节
wristwatch /ˈrɪstwɒtʃ/ n. 手表(复合词)
1. wrist pain(手腕疼痛)2. sprain one's wrist(扭伤手腕)
“‘戴手表的部位’→手腕”
He sprained his wrist while playing tennis and had to wear a bandage.(他打网球时扭伤了手腕,不得不戴绷带。)
12
bridegroom /ˈbraɪdɡruːm/ n. 新郎
对应词:bride /braɪd/ n. 新娘
the bride and bridegroom(新娘和新郎,固定搭配)
“‘新娘(bride)的配偶’→新郎”
The bridegroom wore a traditional black suit on his wedding day.(新郎婚礼当天穿了传统的黑色西装。)
13
geometry /dʒiˈɒmətri/ n. 几何学;几何图形
geometric /ˌdʒiːəˈmetrɪk/ adj. 几何的
1. study geometry(学习几何学)2. geometric shapes(几何图形,如circle、triangle)
“‘研究图形、角度的学科’→几何学”
She finds geometry easier than algebra because she likes drawing shapes.(她觉得几何比代数简单,因为她喜欢画图形。)
14
debt /det/ n. 债务;欠款
1. debtor /ˈdetə(r)/ n. 债务人2. debt-free /ˈdet friː/ adj. 无债的
1. in debt(欠债,如He is heavily in debt)2. pay off a debt(还债)
“‘欠他人的钱’→债务”
He worked two jobs to pay off his student debt.(他打两份工来偿还学生贷款。)
15
categorise /ˈkætəɡəraɪz/ vt. 把……分类(美式:categorize)
category /ˈkætəɡəri/ n. 类别;种类
categorise sth into...(把某物分类为……,如categorise books into fiction and non-fiction)
“category(类别)+ ise→分类”
The teacher asked students to categorise the animals into mammals and birds.(老师让学生把动物分为哺乳动物和鸟类。)
16
profile /ˈprəʊfaɪl/ n. 简介;概述;侧面轮廓;vt. 扼要介绍;概述
1. user profile(用户简介,短语)2. profile photo(头像照片,短语)
1. write a profile(写简介,如profile of a celebrity)2. facial profile(面部轮廓)
“‘人物简要介绍’或‘面部侧面轮廓’→简介/轮廓”
The magazine published a detailed profile of the new president.(杂志刊登了新总统的详细简介。)
17
participant /pɑːˈtɪsɪpənt/ n. 参与者;参加者
participate /pɑːˈtɪsɪpeɪt/ vi. 参与;参加
participant in...(……的参与者,如participants in the competition)
“participate(参与)+ ant→参与者”
There were over 200 participants in the city's singing competition.(全市歌唱比赛有超过200名参与者。)
18
code /kəʊd/ n. 代码;密码;vt. 编码;把……译成密码
1. coding /ˈkəʊdɪŋ/ n. 编程2. decode /ˌdiːˈkəʊd/ vt. 解码(反义词)
1. computer code(计算机代码)2. code a message(给信息编码)
“‘计算机指令’或‘秘密数字’→代码/密码”
He spent hours writing code for the new mobile app.(他花了几小时为新手机应用编写代码。)
19
orient /ˈɔːrient/ vt. 使适应;使面对;确定方向
orientation /ˌɔːriənˈteɪʃn/ n. 适应;定位
1. orient oneself(使自己适应,如orient oneself to new life)2. orient to(面向,如orient the company to new markets)
“‘确定方向’或‘适应新环境’→使适应/确定方向”
New employees need a week to orient themselves to the company's rules.(新员工需要一周时间适应公司制度。)
20
detective /dɪˈtektɪv/ n. 侦探;警探
detect /dɪˈtekt/ vt. 发现;察觉
1. private detective(私人侦探)2. detective story(侦探小说)
“‘发现线索、侦破案件的人’→侦探”
The detective solved the theft case by analyzing the surveillance footage.(侦探通过分析监控录像破获了盗窃案。)
21
graphic /ˈɡræfɪk/ n. 图表;图形;图画;adj. 绘画的;图案的
graphics /ˈɡræfɪks/ n. 图形学;图表(复数)
1. graphic design(平面设计)2. data graphic(数据图表)
“‘可视化的图表或图画’→图表/绘画的”
The report includes clear graphic illustrations to show the sales data.(报告包含清晰的图表,展示销售数据。)
22
estate /ɪˈsteɪt/ n. 庄园;住宅区;工业区;(real) estate agent 房地产经纪人
real estate /ˌriːəl ɪˈsteɪt/ n. 房地产(短语)
1. housing estate(住宅区)2. estate agent(房地产经纪人,英式)
“‘大片房产区域’或‘房产中介’→庄园/住宅区/房地产经纪人”
We bought our house through a local estate agent.(我们通过当地房产中介买了房子。)
23
accountant /əˈkʊntənt/ n. 会计;会计师
1. accounting /əˈkaʊntɪŋ/ n. 会计学2. account /əˈkaʊnt/ n. 账户;账目(词根)
1. certified accountant(注册会计师,CA)2. hire an accountant(雇佣会计)
“‘管理账目、处理财务的人’→会计”
Our company hired an accountant to handle tax declarations.(我们公司雇了一名会计处理税务申报。)
24
spy /spaɪ/ n. 密探;间谍;vi. 从事间谍活动;vt. 突然看见;发现
spying /ˈspaɪɪŋ/ n. 间谍活动(短语)
1. spy on sb(监视某人,如spy on the enemy)2. spy sth(突然看见某物,如spy a bird in the tree)
“‘秘密监视的人’→间谍;‘突然发现’→看见”
The police caught a man spying on the military base.(警方抓获一名监视军事基地的男子。)
25
justice /ˈdʒʌstɪs/ n. 公平;公正;合理
1. just /dʒʌst/ adj. 公正的;恰好的2. injustice /ɪnˈdʒʌstɪs/ n. 不公(反义词)
1. social justice(社会公平)2. do justice to sb/sth(公正对待某人/某物)
“‘公正的状态’→公平/公正”
Everyone deserves justice, regardless of their background.(无论背景如何,每个人都应得到公平对待。)
26
accuse /əˈkjuːz/ vt. 控告;控诉;谴责
accusation /ˌækjuˈzeɪʃn/ n. 指控;控告
accuse sb of (doing) sth(控告某人做某事,如accuse him of theft)
“‘指责或控告某人犯错’→控告/谴责”
She accused her colleague of stealing her project ideas.(她指控同事窃取自己的项目创意。)
27
come to a conclusion 得出结论
无(短语)
finally come to a conclusion(最终得出结论)
“‘经过分析后得出结果’→得出结论”
After three hours of discussion, we finally came to a conclusion.(经过三小时讨论,我们最终得出了结论。)
28
greedy /ˈɡriːdi/ adj. 贪婪的;贪心的
greed /ɡriːd/ n. 贪婪;贪心
be greedy for sth(渴望某物,含贬义,如be greedy for money)
“greed(贪婪)+ y→贪婪的”
The greedy businessman cheated his customers to make more profit.(贪婪的商人欺骗顾客以赚取更多利润。)
29
entrepreneur /ˌɒntrəprəˈnɜː(r)/ n. 创业者;企业家
entrepreneurship /ˌɒntrəprəˈnɜːʃɪp/ n. 创业精神;创业
young entrepreneur(年轻创业者)
“‘创办企业、创新的人’→创业者/企业家”
She is a successful entrepreneur who founded her own tech company at 25.(她是成功的企业家,25岁就创办了自己的科技公司。)
30
receptionist /rɪˈsepʃənɪst/ n. 接待员
reception /rɪˈsepʃn/ n. 接待;前台(词根)
1. hotel receptionist(酒店接待员)2. office receptionist(办公室接待员)
“‘在前台(reception)接待人的人’→接待员”
The receptionist greeted every visitor with a smile.(接待员微笑着迎接每位访客。)
31
CV /ˌsiː ˈviː/ (NAmE résumé /ˈrezjumeɪ/) n. 履历;简历
无(缩写词)
1. write a CV(写简历)2. send a CV(投递简历,如send a CV to a company)
“‘找工作时提交的个人经历文档’→简历”
He updated his CV before applying for the job.(他申请这份工作前更新了简历。)
32
socialist /ˈsəʊʃəlɪst/ adj. 社会主义的;n. 社会主义者
socialism /ˈsəʊʃəlɪzəm/ n. 社会主义
1. socialist country(社会主义国家)2. socialist system(社会主义制度)
“socialism(社会主义)+ ist→社会主义的/社会主义者”
China is a socialist country that focuses on people's well-being.(中国是注重人民福祉的社会主义国家。)
33
communist /ˈkɒmjənɪst/ adj. 共产主义的;n. 共产主义者
communism /ˈkɒmjunɪzəm/ n. 共产主义
1. Communist Party(共产党)2. communist ideology(共产主义思想)
“communism(共产主义)+ ist→共产主义的/共产主义者”
The Communist Manifesto is a key document of communist theory.(《共产党宣言》是共产主义理论的核心文献。)
34
dedicate /ˈdedɪkeɪt/ vt. 把……奉献给;致力于
dedication /ˌdedɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. 奉献;投入
dedicate sth to sb/sth(把某物奉献给某人/某物,如dedicate one's life to charity)
“‘全身心投入到某事’→奉献”
She dedicated her entire career to improving education in rural areas.(她的整个职业生涯都致力于改善农村教育。)
35
fox /fɒks/ n. 狐狸;狡猾的人
foxy /ˈfɒksi/ adj. 狡猾的;狐媚的
1. a cunning fox(狡猾的狐狸)2. play the fox(耍滑头)
“‘自然界的狐狸’或‘比喻狡猾的人’→狐狸/狡猾的人”
The fox sneaked into the chicken coop to steal an egg.(狐狸溜进鸡窝偷了一个鸡蛋。)
36
council /ˈkaʊnsl/ n. 委员会;市政服务机构
councillor /ˈkaʊnsələr/ n. 议员;委员
1. city council(市议会)2. school council(校委会)
“‘负责管理或决策的团体’→委员会/市政机构”
The city council decided to build a new hospital in the western district.(市议会决定在西区新建一所医院。)
37
canal /kəˈnæl/ n. 运河;灌溉渠
canal system(运河系统,短语)
1. Panama Canal(巴拿马运河)2. irrigation canal(灌溉渠)
“‘人工挖掘的水道’→运河/灌溉渠”
The Suez Canal is a vital waterway connecting the Mediterranean and Red Seas.(苏伊士运河是连接地中海和红海的重要航道。)
38
attend to 关怀;照料;处理
无(短语)
1. attend to sb(照料某人,如attend to a sick child)2. attend to sth(处理某事,如attend to urgent tasks)
“‘关心照料人’或‘处理事务’→关怀/处理”
She stayed home to attend to her sick mother instead of going to work.(她没去上班,留在家里照料生病的母亲。)
39
supervise /ˈsuːpəvaɪz/ vt. & vi. 主管;指导;监督
supervision /ˌsuːpəˈvɪʒn/ n. 监督;指导
1. supervise sb(监督某人,如supervise employees)2. supervise a project(主管项目)
“‘监督他人工作或项目进展’→主管/监督”
The manager supervises a team of 15 designers.(这位经理主管一个15人的设计师团队。)
40
handwriting /ˈhændraɪtɪŋ/ n. 书法;书写;笔迹
handwrite /ˌhændˈraɪt/ vt. 手写(动词)
1. good handwriting(好书法)2. recognize sb's handwriting(认出某人的笔迹)
“‘手写的字迹或书法水平’→书法/笔迹”
Her handwriting is so neat that her notes are often shared with classmates.(她的字很工整,笔记经常被同学传阅。)
41
disk (disc) /dɪsk/ n. 磁盘;盘
1. hard disk(硬盘)2. floppy disk(软盘,过时)
1. save data to a disk(把数据存到磁盘)2. disk drive(磁盘驱动器)
“‘存储数据的圆形盘片’→磁盘”
The old computer uses a floppy disk, which is rarely seen today.(这台旧电脑用软盘,现在已经很少见了。)
42
parking /ˈpɑːkɪŋ/ n. 停车位;停车
1. parking lot(停车场,美式)2. no parking(禁止停车,标识用语)
1. find a parking space(找停车位)2. pay for parking(付停车费)
“‘停车的行为’或‘停车的空间’→停车/停车位”
There is limited parking near the shopping mall during weekends.(周末商场附近停车位很紧张。)
43
camel /ˈkæml/ n. 骆驼
camel's hump(驼峰,短语)
1. desert camel(沙漠骆驼)2. ride a camel(骑骆驼)
“‘沙漠中耐渴的动物’→骆驼,有驼峰储水”
Camels can survive without water for several days in the desert.(骆驼在沙漠中可以几天不喝水仍存活。)
44
fry /fraɪ/ n. 油煎的食物;vt. & vi. 油炸;油炒;油煎
fried /fraɪd/ adj. 油炸的(如fried chicken)
1. fry eggs(煎鸡蛋)2. fish and chips(炸鱼薯条,fry的名词用法)
“‘用油炸的食物’或‘油炸的动作’→油煎食物/油炸”
She fried some bacon and eggs for breakfast.(她煎了培根和鸡蛋当早餐。)
45
purse /pɜːs/ n. 钱包;皮夹子(尤指女用)
对应词:wallet /ˈwɒlɪt/ n. 男用钱包
1. put money in a purse(把钱放进钱包)2. lose one's purse(丢钱包)
“‘女士用来装钱和证件的小包’→女用钱包”
She realized she had lost her purse when she tried to pay for the coffee.(她想买咖啡付款时,发现钱包丢了。)
46
sew /səʊ/ vi. & vt. (sewed, sewn/sewed) 缝制;缝;做针线活
sewing /ˈsəʊɪŋ/ n. 缝纫;针线活
1. sew clothes(缝衣服)2. sew a button(缝纽扣)
“‘用针线连接布料’→缝制”
Her grandmother taught her to sew when she was a child.(她小时候奶奶教她做针线活。)
47
knit /nɪt/ vt. & vi. 编织;针织;(使)紧密结合;n. 编织的衣服;针织衫
1. knitted /ˈnɪtɪd/ adj. 编织的(如knitted sweater)2. knitting needles(织针,短语)
1. knit a sweater(织毛衣)2. knit wool into a scarf(把毛线织成围巾)
“‘用毛线和织针编织’→编织”
She knitted a warm scarf for her boyfriend as a Christmas gift.(她给男友织了一条温暖的围巾当圣诞礼物。)
48
wool /wʊl/ n. 毛;毛线;毛料
woolen /ˈwʊlən/ adj. 羊毛的(美式:woollen)
1. pure wool(纯羊毛)2. wool sweater(羊毛衫)
“‘制作针织品的材料’→毛/毛线”
This sweater is made of pure wool, so it's very warm.(这件毛衣是纯羊毛的,所以很暖和。)
49
intermediate /ˌɪntəˈmiːdiət/ adj. 中级的;中等的;中间的
intermediary /ˌɪntəˈmiːdiəri/ adj. 中间的;n. 中间人(少见)
1. intermediate level(中级水平)2. intermediate course(中级课程,如intermediate English)
“‘介于初级和高级之间的’→中级的”
He passed the intermediate English exam and plans to take the advanced one next year.(他通过了英语中级考试,计划明年考高级。)
50
priority /praɪˈɒrəti/ n. 优先事项;首要的事;优先
1. prior /ˈpraɪə(r)/ adj. 优先的;先前的2. prioritize /praɪˈɒrətaɪz/ vt. 优先处理
1. top priority(首要任务)2. give priority to(优先考虑,如give priority to safety)
“‘优先处理的事情’→优先事项”
For our team, customer satisfaction is our top priority.(对我们团队来说,客户满意度是首要任务。)
51
proficiency /prəˈfɪʃnsi/ n. 熟练;娴熟;精通
proficient /prəˈfɪʃnt/ adj. 熟练的;精通的
proficiency in...(在某方面熟练,如proficiency in Spanish)
“proficient(熟练的)+ cy→熟练/精通”
She has a high level of proficiency in playing the violin.(她小提琴拉得非常熟练。)
52
cage /keɪdʒ/ n. 笼子;vt. 关在笼子里
caged /keɪdʒd/ adj. 关在笼子里的(如caged bird)
1. bird cage(鸟笼)2. cage an animal(把动物关在笼子里)
“‘关押小动物的容器’→笼子;‘关入笼子’→关在笼子里”
Many people think it's cruel to keep birds in cages.(很多人认为把鸟关在笼子里很残忍。)
53
collar /ˈkɒlə(r)/ n. (动物) 颈圈;衣领;flea collar 灭蚤颈圈
collared /ˈkɒlə(r)d/ adj. 有衣领的(如collared shirt)
1. shirt collar(衬衫衣领)2. dog collar(狗颈圈);flea collar(灭蚤颈圈)
“‘衣服的领口’或‘动物的颈圈’→衣领/颈圈”
He adjusted his shirt collar before the job interview.(面试前,他整理了衬衫衣领。)
54
finance /ˈfaɪnæns/ n. 资金;财政;金融;vt. (faɪˈnæns) 提供资金
financial /faɪˈnænʃl/ adj. 金融的;财务的
1. corporate finance(公司金融)2. finance a project(为项目提供资金)
“‘资金或金融领域’→资金/金融;‘提供资金’→资助”
The bank agreed to finance the construction of the new airport.(银行同意为新机场建设提供资金。)
55
receipt /rɪˈsiːt/ n. 收据;接收
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. get a receipt(拿收据,如ask for a receipt)2. receipt of goods(收货)
“‘购物或付款的凭证’→收据”
Always keep the receipt in case you need to return the product.(务必保留收据,以防需要退货。)
56
certificate /səˈtɪfɪkət/ n. 合格证书;证明
certify /ˈsɜːtɪfaɪ/ vt. 证明;证实
1. graduation certificate(毕业证书)2. certificate of achievement(成绩证书)
“‘证明合格或完成的文件’→合格证书”
She received a certificate for passing the national English exam.(她通过全国英语考试,获得了证书。)
57
employer /ɪmˈplɔɪə(r)/ n. 雇主;老板
1. employee /ɪmˈplɔɪiː/ n. 雇员(对应词)2. employment /ɪmˈplɔɪmənt/ n. 就业(词根)
1. employer and employee(雇主和雇员)2. fair treatment by employers(雇主的公平对待)
“‘雇佣他人工作的人或机构’→雇主”
The employer offers its employees a good benefits package.(该雇主为员工提供优厚的福利套餐。)
58
desert /ˈdezət/ n. 沙漠;荒漠
1. desert /dɪˈzɜːt/ vt. 抛弃;遗弃(同音异义动词)2. desert plants(沙漠植物,短语)
1. the Sahara Desert(撒哈拉沙漠)2. desert climate(沙漠气候)
“‘干旱少雨、植被稀少的地区’→沙漠(注意与动词‘抛弃’发音区别)”
Very few plants can survive in the hot and dry desert.(极少植物能在炎热干燥的沙漠中存活。)
59
acquire /əˈkwaɪə(r)/ vt. 获得;购得;习得
acquisition /ˌækwɪˈzɪʃn/ n. 获得;收购
1. acquire knowledge(获取知识)2. acquire a company(收购公司)
“‘通过努力或交易获得’→获得/购得”
Children acquire language skills quickly when they are young.(儿童在年幼时能快速习得语言技能。)
60
Marie Curie /məˈriː kjuːri/ 玛丽·居里(波兰裔法国科学家)
无(专有名词)
1. discovered radium and polonium(发现镭和钋)2. first woman to win two Nobel Prizes(首位获两次诺贝尔奖的女性)
“‘发现放射性元素的女科学家’→玛丽·居里”
Marie Curie made great contributions to the field of nuclear physics.(玛丽·居里对核物理领域做出了巨大贡献。)
61
The Communist Manifesto /ˌmænɪˈfestəʊ/ 《共产党宣言》
无(专有名词)
1. written by Marx and Engels(由马克思和恩格斯撰写)2. important work of communist theory(共产主义理论的重要著作)
“‘共产主义理论的经典文献’→《共产党宣言》”
The Communist Manifesto was published in 1848 and had a huge impact on world history.(《共产党宣言》出版于1848年,对世界历史产生了巨大影响。)
62
Olivia /əˈlɪviə/ 奥利维娅(女性英文名)
无(专有名词)
common female name in English-speaking countries(英语国家常见女名)
“‘流行的英语女名’→奥利维娅”
Olivia is my new roommate who loves reading and painting.(奥利维娅是我的新室友,她喜欢阅读和绘画。)
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PETS (Public English Test System) 全国英语等级考试
无(专有缩写)
1. PETS Level 1-5(PETS一级至五级)2. national English proficiency test in China(中国全国英语水平考试)
“‘中国官方英语水平考试’→全国英语等级考试(PETS)”
He passed PETS Level 3 last year, which helped him get his dream job.(他去年通过了PETS三级,这帮助他获得了理想的工作。)
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