内容正文:
人教版 选择性必修 4 Unit 4 Sharing.同步词汇笔记
序号
单词
派生词
核心考点
单词速记
例句
1
parcel /ˈpɑːsl/ n. 包裹;vt. 裹好;打包
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. send a parcel(寄包裹)2. parcel sth up(把某物打包)
“‘打包好的物品’→包裹;‘打包’的动作”
I sent a parcel of books to my sister who lives abroad.(我给在国外的妹妹寄了一个装书的包裹。)
2
jam /dʒæm/ n. 果酱;堵塞;vt. & vi. 堵塞;挤满
jammed /dʒæmd/ adj. 堵塞的;挤满的
1. traffic jam(交通堵塞)2. strawberry jam(草莓果酱);jam the road(堵塞道路)
“‘黏稠的酱料’→果酱;‘无法移动’→堵塞”
There was a heavy traffic jam on the highway this morning due to an accident.(今早因一起事故,高速公路上出现了严重交通堵塞。)
3
mail /meɪl/ n. 邮件;信件;邮政;vt. 邮寄;发电邮给
1. mailbox /ˈmeɪlbɒks/ n. 邮箱2. email /ˈiːmeɪl/ n. 电子邮件(缩写)
1. mail a letter(寄信)2. receive mail(收邮件);mail sb sth(给某人邮寄某物)
“‘传统邮政’或‘电子邮寄’→邮件;邮寄”
She mailed the important document to the company via express mail.(她通过快递把重要文件寄给了公司。)
4
secondary /ˈsekəndri/ adj. 中学的;次要的
1. secondary school(中学,=high school)2. primary /ˈpraɪməri/ adj. 主要的(反义词)
1. secondary education(中学教育)2. secondary role(次要角色)
“‘第二层级的’→中学的;次要的”
Most students in this area go to public secondary schools.(这个地区的大多数学生就读于公立中学。)
5
clay /kleɪ/ n. 黏土;陶土
claypot /ˈkleɪpɒt/ n. 陶罐(复合词)
1. model with clay(用黏土建模)2. clay sculpture(黏土雕塑)
“‘可塑形的泥土’→黏土;陶土”
The art teacher asked students to make small animals with clay.(美术老师让学生们用黏土做小动物。)
6
dust /dʌst/ n. 沙土;灰尘;vi. & vt. 擦灰;除尘
dusty /ˈdʌsti/ adj. 布满灰尘的
1. dust the furniture(擦拭家具上的灰尘)2. covered in dust(布满灰尘)
“‘细小的土粒’→灰尘;‘去除灰尘’→擦灰”
She dusted the old bookshelf every weekend to keep it clean.(她每周都擦拭旧书架,保持干净。)
7
weed /wiːd/ n. 杂草;野草;vt. & vi. 除杂草
weeder /ˈwiːdə(r)/ n. 除草机(少见)
1. weed the garden(给花园除杂草)2. pull out weeds(拔杂草)
“‘无用的植物’→杂草;‘清除杂草’→除杂草”
He spent the whole afternoon weeding the vegetable patch.(他花了整个下午给菜地除杂草。)
8
chorus /ˈkɔːrəs/ n. 合唱曲;合唱团;vt. 合唱;齐声说
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. a chorus of(齐声;异口同声,固定短语)2. sing in a chorus(合唱)
“‘多人一起唱/说’→合唱;齐声”
The audience broke into a chorus of cheers when the singer appeared.(歌手出场时,观众齐声欢呼起来。)
9
cotton /ˈkɒtn/ n. 棉布;棉花
cottony /ˈkɒtəni/ adj. 棉质的;柔软的(少见)
1. cotton clothes(棉质衣服)2. raw cotton(原棉)
“‘天然纤维作物’→棉花;‘用棉花做的布’→棉布”
This T-shirt is made of pure cotton, so it feels very comfortable.(这件T恤是纯棉的,摸起来很舒服。)
10
uniform /ˈjuːnɪfɔːm/ n. 校服;制服;adj. 一致的;统一的
uniformly /ˈjuːnɪfɔːmli/ adv. 一致地
1. school uniform(校服)2. uniform standard(统一标准)
“‘统一款式的服装’→制服;‘无差异的’→一致的”
All students in this school must wear their school uniform from Monday to Friday.(这所学校的学生周一到周五必须穿校服。)
11
not to mention 更不用说;且不说
无(短语)
用于补充说明(前轻后重,如He can speak French, not to mention English)
“‘不用额外提及’→更不用说”
She is good at playing the piano, not to mention the guitar.(她钢琴弹得好,更不用说吉他了。)
12
tablet /ˈtæblət/ n. 平板电脑;便笺本;药片
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. tablet computer(平板电脑,简称tablet)2. painkiller tablet(止痛片)
“‘便携电子设备’或‘扁平的药片/本子’→平板电脑;药片;便笺本”
She uses a tablet to take notes in class instead of a notebook.(她上课用平板电脑记笔记,而不是笔记本。)
13
rubber /ˈrʌbə(r)/ n. 橡皮;黑板擦;橡胶
rubbery /ˈrʌbəri/ adj. 橡胶似的;有弹性的(少见)
1. rubber eraser(橡皮,口语中直接说rubber)2. rubber band(橡皮筋)
“‘擦铅笔字的工具’→橡皮;‘弹性材料’→橡胶”
I forgot to bring my rubber, so I borrowed one from my deskmate.(我忘带橡皮了,所以向同桌借了一块。)
14
washroom /ˈwɒʃruːm/ n. 洗手间;厕所
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. go to the washroom(去洗手间)2. public washroom(公共洗手间)
“‘用于洗漱的房间’→洗手间,较委婉的说法”
Excuse me, could you tell me where the nearest washroom is?(打扰一下,能告诉我最近的洗手间在哪里吗?)
15
rigid /ˈrɪdʒɪd/ adj. 死板的;固执的;坚硬的
rigidity /rɪˈdʒɪdəti/ n. 死板;坚硬(少见)
1. rigid rules(死板的规定)2. rigid attitude(固执的态度)
“‘不灵活、不变通的’→死板的;固执的”
The company has rigid working hours—employees must arrive at 9 a.m. sharp.(这家公司的工作时间很死板,员工必须早上9点准时到岗。)
16
bubble /ˈbʌbl/ vi. 起泡;沸腾;n. 气泡
bubbly /ˈbʌbli/ adj. 起泡的;活泼的
1. bubble with excitement(兴奋得眉飞色舞)2. soap bubbles(肥皂泡)
“‘液体中冒出的泡’→气泡;‘冒气泡’→起泡”
The water in the pot began to bubble as it boiled.(锅里的水烧开时开始冒泡。)
17
tube /tjuːb/ n. 管子;管状物;(英)地铁
1. test tube(试管)2. toothpaste tube(牙膏管)
1. a tube of toothpaste(一管牙膏)2. travel by tube(乘地铁出行,英式用法)
“‘空心圆柱形物体’→管子;管状物”
The scientist poured the liquid into a test tube to observe its reaction.(科学家把液体倒入试管,观察其反应。)
18
circus /ˈsɜːkəs/ n. 马戏团;马戏表演
circus performer(马戏演员,复合词)
1. go to the circus(看马戏表演)2. circus tent(马戏帐篷)
“‘包含动物、杂技的表演’→马戏团;马戏表演”
When I was a child, my parents often took me to the circus.(小时候,父母经常带我去看马戏。)
19
chemist /ˈkemɪst/ n. 化学家;药剂师;药房(英式)
chemistry /ˈkemɪstri/ n. 化学(词根)
1. visit the chemist(去药房买药,英式)2. research chemist(研究型化学家)
“‘研究化学的人’→化学家;‘卖药的人/地方’→药剂师;药房”
You can buy over-the-counter medicine from the chemist on the corner.(你可以在街角的药房买非处方药。)
20
shade /ʃeɪd/ vt. 给……遮挡(光线);n. 阴凉处;阴影
shady /ˈʃeɪdi/ adj. 阴凉的;可疑的
1. in the shade(在阴凉处)2. shade sb from the sun(为某人遮挡阳光)
“‘挡住阳光的地方’→阴凉处;‘遮挡光线’→遮阳”
We sat in the shade of a big tree to avoid the hot sun.(我们坐在大树的阴凉处躲避烈日。)
21
jaw /dʒɔː/ n. 颌;下巴
jawbone /ˈdʒɔːbəʊn/ n. 颌骨(复合词)
1. lower jaw(下颌)2. drop one's jaw(惊讶得张大嘴巴)
“‘面部用于咀嚼的部位’→颌;下巴”
He dropped his jaw in surprise when he heard the unexpected news.(听到这个意外的消息,他惊讶得张大了嘴巴。)
22
wrinkle /ˈrɪŋkl/ vt. & vi.(使脸上)起皱纹;n. 皱纹
wrinkled /ˈrɪŋkld/ adj. 布满皱纹的
1. wrinkle one's forehead(皱眉头)2. facial wrinkles(面部皱纹)
“‘皮肤表面的褶子’→皱纹;‘使皮肤起褶’→起皱纹”
Her face wrinkled into a smile when she saw her grandson.(看到孙子时,她的脸上笑出了皱纹。)
23
forehead /ˈfɔːhed/ n. 额;前额
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. wipe one's forehead(擦额头)2. furrow one's forehead(皱眉头,=wrinkle one's forehead)
“‘眉毛以上的面部区域’→额;前额”
He wiped the sweat from his forehead after running for 30 minutes.(跑了30分钟后,他擦了擦额头上的汗。)
24
hut /hʌt/ n. 简陋的小房子(或棚、舍)
hutment /ˈhʌtmənt/ n. 临时营房(少见)
1. wooden hut(木屋)2. mountain hut(山间小屋)
“‘结构简单的小建筑’→简陋小屋”
The hikers spent the night in a small hut on the mountain.(徒步旅行者在山上的一间小屋里过夜。)
25
housing /ˈhaʊzɪŋ/ n. 住房;住宅;住房供给
house /haʊs/ n. 房子;vt. 给……提供住房(词根)
1. housing problem(住房问题)2. affordable housing(保障性住房)
“‘住房相关的供给或建筑’→住房;住宅”
The government is taking measures to solve the housing problem for low-income families.(政府正在采取措施解决低收入家庭的住房问题。)
26
platform /ˈplætfɔːm/ n. 平台;站台;舞台
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. train platform(火车站台)2. speaking platform(演讲台)
“‘高出地面的平面’→平台;站台;舞台”
We waited for the train on platform 5 for about 10 minutes.(我们在5号站台等了大约10分钟的火车。)
27
fireplace /ˈfaɪəpleɪs/ n. 壁炉
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. sit by the fireplace(坐在壁炉旁)2. light a fireplace(点燃壁炉)
“‘用于生火取暖的室内结构’→壁炉”
They sat by the fireplace chatting and drinking hot chocolate.(他们坐在壁炉旁聊天,喝热巧克力。)
28
saucer /ˈsɔːsə(r)/ n. 茶碟;杯托
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. cup and saucer(杯子和茶碟)2. put the cup on the saucer(把杯子放在茶碟上)
“‘垫在杯子下面的小盘子’→茶碟;杯托”
She accidentally knocked over the saucer, and the cup fell to the ground.(她不小心碰倒了茶碟,杯子掉到了地上。)
29
kettle /ˈketl/ n.(烧水用的)壶;水壶
kettlebell /ˈketlbel/ n. 壶铃(复合词)
1. boil the kettle(烧水壶)2. electric kettle(电水壶)
“‘用于烧水的容器’→水壶”
He boiled the kettle and made a cup of coffee for himself.(他烧了水壶,给自己冲了杯咖啡。)
30
pan /pæn/ n. 平底锅;烤盘
pancake /ˈpænkeɪk/ n. 薄煎饼(复合词)
1. frying pan(煎锅)2. cook eggs in a pan(用平底锅煎鸡蛋)
“‘扁平的烹饪器具’→平底锅;烤盘”
My mother used a non-stick pan to fry vegetables.(妈妈用不粘锅炒蔬菜。)
31
jar /dʒɑː(r)/ n. 罐子;坛子;vt. 使震动
1. jam jar(果酱罐)2. glass jar(玻璃罐)
1. store food in a jar(把食物储存在罐子里)2. jar sb's teeth(使某人牙齿发酸,比喻)
“‘带盖的圆柱形容器’→罐子;坛子”
She stored the homemade jam in a glass jar and gave it to her friends.(她把自制果酱装在玻璃罐里,送给了朋友。)
32
ripe /raɪp/ adj. 成熟的;时机成熟的
ripen /ˈraɪpən/ vt. & vi.(使)成熟
1. ripe fruit(成熟的水果)2. the time is ripe(时机成熟)
“‘水果可食用的状态’→成熟的;‘条件具备的’→时机成熟的”
The apples on the tree are ripe enough to pick.(树上的苹果已经成熟,可以摘了。)
33
grill /ɡrɪl/ n. 烤架;烤肉餐馆;vt. & vi. 烤;炙
grilled /ɡrɪld/ adj. 烤的(如grilled chicken)
1. barbeque grill(烧烤架)2. eat at a grill(在烤肉店吃饭)
“‘用于烤制食物的工具’→烤架;‘卖烤肉的餐馆’→烤肉餐馆”
We grilled some sausages and steaks on the backyard grill.(我们在后院的烤架上烤了香肠和牛排。)
34
doorway /ˈdɔːweɪ/ n. 门口;出入口;门道
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. stand in the doorway(站在门口)2. block the doorway(挡住门口)
“‘门所在的入口区域’→门口;出入口”
She stood in the doorway, not sure whether to enter or leave.(她站在门口,不确定该进还是该走。)
35
leftover /ˈleftəʊvə(r)/ adj. 吃剩的;残留的;n. 吃剩的食物;遗留物
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. leftover food(剩菜)2. leftover materials(剩余材料)
“‘没吃完/用不完的’→吃剩的;残留的;剩余物”
We heated up the leftover rice for lunch the next day.(我们把剩米饭热了热,作为第二天的午饭。)
36
handshake /ˈhændʃeɪk/ n. 握手
shake hands(动词短语,“握手”)
1. a firm handshake(有力的握手)2. exchange handshakes(互相握手)
“‘手与手的接触礼仪’→握手,名词形式”
They exchanged a warm handshake before starting the meeting.(开会前,他们热情地握了握手。)
37
drag /dræɡ/ vt. 拖;拽;vt. & vi. 缓慢而费力地移动
dragging /ˈdræɡɪŋ/ adj. 拖沓的(如dragging speech)
1. drag sth on the ground(把某物拖在地上)2. drag one's feet(拖延;慢吞吞地走)
“‘用力拉重物’→拖;拽;‘缓慢移动’→费力移动”
He dragged the heavy suitcase up the stairs with great effort.(他费了很大劲才把沉重的行李箱拖上楼梯。)
38
privilege /ˈprɪvəlɪdʒ/ n. 优惠待遇;特权;vt. 给予特权
privileged /ˈprɪvəlɪdʒd/ adj. 有特权的;幸运的
1. special privilege(特殊待遇)2. enjoy privileges(享有特权)
“‘少数人拥有的特殊权利’→特权;优惠待遇”
Education should be a basic right for everyone, not a privilege for the rich.(教育应是每个人的基本权利,而非富人的特权。)
39
plug /plʌɡ/ vt. 封堵;补足;n. 堵塞物;插头;插座
plugged /plʌɡd/ adj. 堵塞的;插着插头的
1. plug in the TV(给电视插电)2. plug a hole(堵洞)
“‘插入电源的接头’→插头;‘堵住缺口’→封堵”
She plugged her phone charger into the socket to charge her phone.(她把手机充电器插进插座,给手机充电。)
40
disabled /dɪsˈeɪbld/ adj. 有残疾的;丧失能力的
1. disability /ˌdɪsəˈbɪləti/ n. 残疾;缺陷2. the disabled(残疾人,复数概念)
1. disabled people(残疾人)2. disabled access(无障碍通道)
“‘身体或能力有缺陷的’→有残疾的;丧失能力的”
The building has special facilities to make it easier for disabled people to enter.(这栋楼有专门设施,方便残疾人进入。)
41
resign /rɪˈzaɪn/ vi. & vt. 辞职;辞去;放弃
resignation /ˌrezɪɡˈneɪʃn/ n. 辞职;顺从
1. resign from one's job(辞职)2. resign oneself to sth(顺从某事)
“‘主动离开工作岗位’→辞职;‘放弃权利’→辞去”
He resigned from his position as manager because he wanted to spend more time with his family.(他辞去了经理职务,因为想多陪陪家人。)
42
deserve /dɪˈzɜːv/ vt. 值得;应得;应受
deserving /dɪˈzɜːvɪŋ/ adj. 值得的(如deserving of praise)
1. deserve praise(值得表扬)2. deserve to win(应该赢)
“‘凭能力/行为获得’→值得;应得”
She has worked very hard for this project, so she deserves the award.(她为这个项目付出了很多努力,所以她值得这个奖项。)
43
lately /ˈleɪtli/ adv. 最近;不久前;近来
late /leɪt/ adj. 晚的;adv. 晚地(词根)
1. lately=recently(最近,用于现在完成时)2. Have you seen her lately?(你最近见过她吗?)
“‘距离现在不远的时间’→最近;近来”
I haven't had much time to read books lately because I'm too busy with work.(最近我太忙了,没什么时间看书。)
44
input /ˈɪnpʊt/ n. 情况;信息;投入;输入;vt. 输入
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. input data(输入数据)2. user input(用户输入的信息);financial input(资金投入)
“‘进入系统的信息’→输入;‘投入的资源’→投入”
The computer will process the input data and generate a report.(电脑会处理输入的数据,生成一份报告。)
45
tune /tjuːn/ n. 曲调;曲子;vt. 调音;调节;调频道
1. tuneful /ˈtjuːnfl/ adj. 悦耳的2. tune in(调频道,如tune in to the news)
1. a beautiful tune(优美的曲调)2. tune a guitar(给吉他调音)
“‘音乐的旋律’→曲调;‘调整乐器/频道’→调音;调频道”
She hummed a familiar tune while she was cooking.(做饭时,她哼着一首熟悉的曲子。)
46
contract /kənˈtrækt/ vt. 感染(疾病);与……订立合同;/ˈkɒntrækt/ n. 合同;契约
1. contractual /kənˈtræktʃuəl/ adj. 合同的2. sign a contract(签合同)
1. contract a cold(感冒,感染疾病)2. business contract(商业合同)
“‘发音不同含义不同’:动词‘感染/订合同’,名词‘合同’”
He contracted a serious illness while traveling abroad.(他在国外旅行时感染了重病。)
47
grant /ɡrɑːnt/ vt. 同意;准许;n. 拨款;补助金
1. granted /ˈɡrɑːntɪd/ conj. 诚然;即使2. government grant(政府拨款)
1. grant sb's request(同意某人的请求)2. receive a grant(获得拨款)
“‘允许某人做某事’→同意;‘给予的资金’→拨款”
The teacher granted the students an extra day to finish their homework.(老师同意给学生们额外一天时间完成作业。)
48
take (...) for granted 认为(……)是理所当然;对(……)不予重视
无(短语)
take sth for granted(不可用于被动,如Don't take his help for granted)
“‘觉得某事本该如此’→认为理所当然”
Many people take clean water and fresh air for granted, but they are not always available.(很多人认为干净的水和新鲜的空气是理所当然的,但它们并非总能获得。)
49
cardiac /ˈkɑːdiæk/ adj. 心脏的;心的
cardiology /ˌkɑːdiˈɒlədʒi/ n. 心脏病学(少见)
1. cardiac disease(心脏病)2. cardiac arrest(心脏骤停)
“‘与心脏相关的’→心脏的;心的”
He was sent to the hospital immediately after suffering a cardiac arrest.(他心脏骤停后,立即被送往医院。)
50
circuit /ˈsɜːkɪt/ n. 巡回;环形线路;电路
1. circuitous /səˈkjuːɪtəs/ adj. 迂回的2. circuit board(电路板)
1. concert circuit(巡回演唱会)2. electrical circuit(电路)
“‘环形的路线/线路’→巡回;环形线路;电路”
The singer will go on a concert circuit across Europe next month.(这位歌手下个月将在欧洲进行巡回演唱会。)
51
disability /ˌdɪsəˈbɪləti/ n. 缺陷;障碍;残疾
disabled /dɪsˈeɪbld/ adj. 有残疾的(派生词)
1. physical disability(身体残疾)2. overcome a disability(克服障碍)
“‘身体或能力的缺陷’→残疾;障碍”
With the help of her family and friends, she overcame her disability and became a successful writer.(在家人和朋友的帮助下,她克服了自身的障碍,成为一名成功的作家。)
52
consultation /ˌkɒnslˈteɪʃn/ n. 咨询;咨询会;磋商
consult /kənˈsʌlt/ vt. & vi. 咨询;商量
1. medical consultation(医疗咨询)2. hold a consultation(举行咨询会)
“‘征求意见的过程’→咨询;咨询会”
Before making a decision, the manager held a consultation with his team members.(做决定前,经理和团队成员进行了磋商。)
53
relay /ˈriːleɪ/ n. 接力赛;接班的人;/rɪˈleɪ/ vt. 转发;转播
relay race(接力赛,固定搭配)
1. relay a message(转达消息,vt.)2. 4×100-meter relay(4×100米接力赛,n.)
“‘传递信息/物品’→转发;‘多人传递的比赛’→接力赛”
Please relay this important message to all members of the team.(请把这条重要消息转达给团队所有成员。)
54
criterion /kraɪˈtɪəriən/ n. (pl. criteria /-riə/) 标准;准则;原则
无(高中阶段常见派生词)
1. evaluation criterion(评价标准)2. meet the criteria(符合标准)
“‘判断的依据’→标准;准则,复数为criteria”
The main criterion for choosing a candidate is their work experience.(选择候选人的主要标准是其工作经验。)
55
stability /stəˈbɪləti/ n. 稳定(性);稳固(性)
stable /ˈsteɪbl/ adj. 稳定的;稳固的
1. political stability(政治稳定)2. economic stability(经济稳定)
“‘不变化、不摇晃的状态’→稳定(性)”
A country needs political and economic stability to develop.(一个国家要发展,需要政治和经济的稳定。)
56
pray /preɪ/ vi. & vt. 企盼;祈祷;请求
1. prayer /preə(r)/ n. 祈祷;祷告文2. pray that(但愿,后接从句)
1. pray for peace(祈求和平)2. pray that sb will be safe(祈祷某人平安)
“‘向神祈求’→祈祷;‘强烈希望’→企盼”
She knelt down and prayed that her sick mother would recover soon.(她跪下祈祷,希望生病的母亲能早日康复。)
57
hypothetical /ˌhaɪpəˈθetɪkl/ adj. 假设的;假定的
hypothesis /haɪˈpɒθəsɪs/ n. 假设;假说(pl. hypotheses)
1. hypothetical situation(假设的情况)2. hypothetical question(假设性问题)
“‘基于假设而非事实的’→假设的;假定的”
Let's discuss a hypothetical case: what would you do if you won a million dollars?(我们来讨论一个假设的情况:如果你赢了一百万美元,你会做什么?)
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Papua New Guinea /ˌpæpuə njuː ˈɡɪni/ 巴布亚新几内亚(国家名)
无(专有名词)
1. located in Oceania(位于大洋洲)2. Papua New Guinea's culture(巴布亚新几内亚文化)
“大洋洲国家,以多元文化和自然景观闻名”
Papua New Guinea is a country with many different ethnic groups and languages.(巴布亚新几内亚是一个拥有众多民族和语言的国家。)
59
Ghana /ˈɡɑːnə/ 加纳(国家名)
无(专有名词)
1. located in West Africa(位于西非)2. Ghana's cocoa industry(加纳可可产业)
“西非国家,以盛产可可闻名”
Ghana is one of the world's largest producers of cocoa beans.(加纳是世界上最大的可可豆生产国之一。)
60
Congo /ˈkɒŋɡəʊ/ 刚果(国家名,分刚果(金)和刚果(布))
无(专有名词)
1. located in Central Africa(位于中非)2. Congo's rainforest(刚果雨林)
“中非国家,拥有广阔的热带雨林”
The Congo has one of the largest rainforests in the world, which is home to many rare animals.(刚果拥有世界上最大的热带雨林之一,是许多珍稀动物的家园。)
61
Panama /ˈpænəmɑː/ 巴拿马(国家名)
无(专有名词)
1. located in Central America(位于中美洲)2. Panama Canal(巴拿马运河,连接大西洋和太平洋)
“中美洲国家,以巴拿马运河闻名世界”
The Panama Canal is an important waterway that saves ships a long journey around South America.(巴拿马运河是重要航道,为船只节省了绕南美航行的漫长路程。)
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