内容正文:
人教版 选择性必修 4 Unit 4 Sharing.期末派生法背记单词
序号
原词
例句
派生词
例句
1
jam /dʒæm/ n. 果酱;堵塞
The traffic is in a jam during morning rush hour.(早高峰时交通很拥堵。)
jammed /dʒæmd/ adj. 堵塞的;卡住的
The door is jammed—we need a screwdriver to open it.(门卡住了,我们需要螺丝刀才能打开。)
2
mail /meɪl/ n. 邮件;信件;邮政;vt. 邮寄;发电邮
I sent a birthday card to my friend by mail.(我通过邮政给朋友寄了一张生日贺卡。)
1. mailbox /ˈmeɪlbɒks/ n. 邮箱2. mailman /ˈmeɪlmæn/ n. 邮递员(美式)
1. Please put the letter into the mailbox at the corner.(请把信放进街角的邮箱里。)2. The mailman delivers newspapers to our door every morning.(邮递员每天早上把报纸送到家门口。)
3
secondary /ˈsekəndri/ adj. 中学的;次要的
She studies in a secondary school in her hometown.(她在家乡的一所中学上学。)
1. second /ˈsekənd/ num. 第二;n. 秒;adj. 第二的(核心词根词)2. secondarily /ˈsekəndrəli/ adv. 其次;在其次
1. He finished in second place in the 100-meter race.(他在100米赛跑中获得第二名。)2. We need to focus on safety first, and secondarily on speed.(我们首先要关注安全,其次才是速度。)
4
dust /dʌst/ n. 沙土;灰尘;vi. & vt. 擦灰
Please dust the bookshelf before putting the new books on it.(把新书放上书架前,请先擦一下灰尘。)
dusty /ˈdʌsti/ adj. 布满灰尘的
The old box in the attic is so dusty that I need to wear a mask.(阁楼里的旧箱子布满灰尘,我得戴口罩。)
5
dusty /ˈdʌsti/ adj. 布满灰尘的
The abandoned house has a dusty floor and broken windows.(这座废弃的房子地面布满灰尘,窗户也破了。)
dust /dʌst/ n. 沙土;灰尘;vt. & vi. 擦灰
My mom asks me to dust the furniture every weekend.(妈妈让我每周擦一次家具上的灰尘。)
6
chorus /ˈkɔːrəs/ n. 合唱曲;合唱团;vt. 合唱;齐声说
The school chorus will perform at the New Year's party.(学校合唱团将在新年晚会上表演。)
choral /ˈkɔːrəl/ adj. 合唱的
We learned a beautiful choral song in music class.(我们在音乐课上学了一首优美的合唱曲。)
7
cotton /ˈkɒtn/ n. 棉布;棉花
This T-shirt is made of 100% cotton, so it's very comfortable.(这件T恤是100%纯棉的,所以很舒服。)
cotton /ˈkɒtn/ adj. 棉制的
She bought a cotton skirt for the summer.(她买了一条棉制短裙过夏天。)
8
uniform /ˈjuːnɪfɔːm/ n. 校服;制服;adj. 一致的;统一的
All students must wear school uniforms on weekdays.(工作日所有学生都必须穿校服。)
uniformly /ˈjuːnɪfɔːmli/ adv. 一致地;均匀地
The teacher graded the papers uniformly according to the same standard.(老师按照统一标准给试卷评分。)
9
rubber /ˈrʌbə(r)/ n. 橡皮;黑板擦;橡胶
I need a new rubber to erase the pencil marks.(我需要一块新橡皮擦掉铅笔印。)
1. rub /rʌb/ vt. & vi. 摩擦(短语:rub out 擦掉)2. rubber /ˈrʌbə(r)/ adj. 橡胶制的
1. Rub out the mistake with your rubber, then rewrite it.(用橡皮擦掉错误,然后重写。)2. These gloves are rubber—they're good for washing dishes.(这双手套是橡胶制的,很适合洗碗。)
10
rigid /ˈrɪdʒɪd/ adj. 死板的;固执的
His rigid attitude makes it hard to work with him.(他死板的态度让人很难和他合作。)
rigidly /ˈrɪdʒɪdli/ adv. 死板地;严格地
She rigidly follows her daily schedule and never changes it.(她严格遵守日常作息,从不改变。)
11
bubble /ˈbʌbl/ vi. 起泡;沸腾
The water in the pot began to bubble after a few minutes.(几分钟后,锅里的水开始冒泡。)
bubbly /ˈbʌbli/ adj. 起泡的;活泼的
I like drinking bubbly water with lemon in summer.(夏天我喜欢喝加柠檬的气泡水。)
12
tube /tjuːb/ n. 管子;管状物
The doctor used a small tube to check his throat.(医生用一根细管子检查他的喉咙。)
tubular /ˈtjuːbjələ(r)/ adj. 管状的
The metal frame is made of tubular steel, which is light and strong.(这个金属框架是管状钢做的,又轻又结实。)
13
chemist /ˈkemɪst/ n. 化学家;药剂师;药房
You can buy this medicine at the chemist around the corner.(你可以在街角的药房买到这种药。)
1. chemistry /ˈkemɪstri/ n. 化学(高中核心词)2. chemical /ˈkemɪkl/ adj. 化学的;n. 化学制品
1. We have a chemistry test next Monday.(我们下周一有化学考试。)2. This chemical reaction produces a lot of heat.(这个化学反应会释放大量热量。)
14
shade /ʃeɪd/ vt. 给……遮挡(光线);n. 阴凉处;阴影
We sat in the shade of a big tree to avoid the sun.(我们坐在大树的阴凉处躲避阳光。)
shady /ˈʃeɪdi/ adj. 阴凉的;可疑的
The path through the forest is cool and shady.(穿过森林的小路阴凉又凉爽。)
15
wrinkle /ˈrɪŋkl/ vt. & vi.(使)起皱纹;n. 皱纹
Smiling too much can wrinkle your forehead.(笑太多会让额头起皱纹。)
wrinkled /ˈrɪŋkld/ adj. 有皱纹的
Her hands are wrinkled because she does a lot of housework.(她的手因为做太多家务而布满皱纹。)
16
housing /ˈhaʊzɪŋ/ n. 住房;住宅
The government is working to improve housing conditions for the poor.(政府正努力改善贫困人口的住房条件。)
house /haʊs/ n. 房子;vt. 给……提供住房
The company will house its employees in apartments near the office.(公司会给员工提供办公室附近的公寓住宿。)
17
pan /pæn/ n. 平底锅;烤盘
My mom used a frying pan to cook eggs for breakfast.(妈妈用平底锅煎鸡蛋当早餐。)
pan /pæn/ vt. 平煎;严厉批评(短语:pan-fry 平煎)
Pan-fry the steak for 5 minutes on each side to make it tender.(牛排每面煎5分钟,这样会更嫩。)
18
jar /dʒɑː(r)/ n. 罐子;坛子
We stored the homemade jam in a glass jar.(我们把自制果酱装在玻璃罐里。)
jar /dʒɑː(r)/ vt. 使震动;使不快
The sudden loud noise jarred my nerves and made me jump.(突然的巨响让我心烦,还吓了一跳。)
19
ripe /raɪp/ adj. 成熟的;时机成熟的
The apples on the tree are ripe and ready to pick.(树上的苹果熟了,可以摘了。)
ripen /ˈraɪpən/ vt. & vi. 使成熟;成熟
Put the bananas in a paper bag to help them ripen faster.(把香蕉放进纸袋里,能让它们熟得更快。)
20
grill /ɡrɪl/ n. 烤架;烤肉餐馆
We had a barbecue with a grill in the backyard.(我们在后院用烤架搞了烧烤。)
1. grill /ɡrɪl/ vt. 烤;盘问2. grilled /ɡrɪld/ adj. 烤的
1. Grill the chicken wings for 10 minutes until they're golden.(鸡翅烤10分钟,直到变成金黄色。)2. I ordered a grilled fish salad for lunch.(我午餐点了一份烤鱼沙拉。)
21
leftover /ˈleftəʊvə(r)/ adj. 吃剩的;残留的;n. 剩菜;遗留物
Don't throw away the leftover rice—we can make fried rice with it.(别扔掉剩米饭,我们可以用来做炒饭。)
leave /liːv/ vt. 留下;离开(词根词)
She always leaves leftover food in the fridge for the next day.(她总是把剩菜放进冰箱,留到第二天吃。)
22
drag /dræɡ/ vt. 拖;拽;vi. 缓慢移动
He had to drag the heavy suitcase up the stairs.(他不得不把沉重的行李箱拖上楼梯。)
1. drag /dræɡ/ n. 累赘;拖曳2. dragging /ˈdræɡɪŋ/ adj. 缓慢的;拖曳的
1. Carrying too many books is a drag when walking to school.(走路去上学时,带太多书是个累赘。)2. The team made a dragging start but finally won the game.(这支队伍开局缓慢,但最终赢了比赛。)
23
privilege /ˈprɪvəlɪdʒ/ n. 优惠待遇;特权
It's a privilege to study in this famous university.(能在这所名牌大学学习是一种特权。)
privileged /ˈprɪvəlɪdʒd/ adj. 有特权的;特许的
Only privileged members can enter the VIP area of the club.(只有特许会员才能进入俱乐部的VIP区域。)
24
plug /plʌɡ/ vt. 封堵;补足;n. 插头;堵塞物
Can you plug the lamp into the socket?(你能把台灯插头插进插座吗?)
plugged /plʌɡd/ adj. 堵塞的;插上插头的
The sink is plugged with hair—we need to clean it.(水槽被头发堵住了,我们得清理一下。)
25
disabled /dɪsˈeɪbld/ adj. 有残疾的;丧失能力的
The school has special facilities for disabled students.(这所学校有针对残疾学生的特殊设施。)
1. disability /ˌdɪsəˈbɪləti/ n. 缺陷;障碍2. disable /dɪsˈeɪbl/ vt. 使残疾;使丧失能力
1. He has a disability in his left leg, but he still plays sports.(他左腿有残疾,但仍坚持运动。)2. The accident disabled him and he couldn't walk anymore.(那场事故让他残疾,再也无法走路了。)
26
resign /rɪˈzaɪn/ vi. & vt. 辞职;辞去
She decided to resign from her job because of the long commute.(因为通勤时间太长,她决定辞职。)
resignation /ˌrezɪɡˈneɪʃn/ n. 辞职;放弃
He handed in his resignation to the manager this morning.(他今天早上向经理提交了辞职信。)
27
deserve /dɪˈzɜːv/ vt. 值得;应得;应受
She works very hard and deserves to get a promotion.(她工作很努力,值得晋升。)
deserving /dɪˈzɜːvɪŋ/ adj. 值得的;应得的(短语:deserving of)
The poor children in this area are deserving of our help.(这个地区的贫困儿童值得我们帮助。)
28
lately /ˈleɪtli/ adv. 最近;不久前
I haven't seen my best friend lately—we're both busy with work.(我最近没见到我最好的朋友,我们都忙着工作。)
1. late /leɪt/ adj. 晚的;adv. 晚地2. later /ˈleɪtə(r)/ adj. 后来的;adv. 后来
1. I woke up late this morning and missed the first bus.(我今天早上起晚了,没赶上第一班公交车。)2. Let's discuss this problem later—we need to finish the meeting first.(我们稍后再讨论这个问题,得先开完会。)
29
input /ˈɪnpʊt/ n. 信息;投入;输入;vt. 输入
The teacher asked for our input on the new teaching plan.(老师征求我们对新教学计划的意见。)
output /ˈaʊtpʊt/ n. 输出;产量(反义词,高中常见)
The factory's input of raw materials increased, and its output also rose.(工厂的原材料投入增加了,产量也随之上升。)
30
tune /tjuːn/ n. 曲调;曲子;vt. 调音;调频道
I can't remember the name of this tune, but it sounds familiar.(我记不起这首曲子的名字,但听起来很耳熟。)
tuneful /ˈtjuːnfl/ adj. 悦耳的;音调优美的
The singer has a tuneful voice that everyone likes.(这位歌手有一副悦耳的嗓音,大家都喜欢。)
31
contract /kənˈtrækt/ vt. 感染;订合同;/ˈkɒntrækt/ n. 合同
The company will contract with a new supplier next month.(这家公司下个月将与新供应商签订合同。)
1. contractor /kənˈtræktə(r)/ n. 承包商;承包人2. contractual /kənˈtræktʃuəl/ adj. 合同的
1. The contractor will finish building the house by the end of the year.(承包商将在年底前建好这栋房子。)2. We have contractual obligations to deliver the goods on time.(我们有合同义务按时交货。)
32
grant /ɡrɑːnt/ vt. 同意;准许;n. 拨款
The government granted her a scholarship to study abroad.(政府给她颁发了留学奖学金。)
granted /ˈɡrɑːntɪd/ conj. 诚然;固然(常用搭配)
Granted, the task is difficult, but we can complete it with teamwork.(诚然,这项任务很难,但通过团队合作我们能完成。)
33
circuit /ˈsɜːkɪt/ n. 巡回;环形线路
The race car driver completed three laps of the circuit.(赛车手跑完了赛道的三圈。)
1. circulate /ˈsɜːkjəleɪt/ vt. & vi. 循环;传播2. circular /ˈsɜːkjələr/ adj. 圆形的;循环的
1. Blood circulates through the heart and blood vessels.(血液通过心脏和血管循环。)2. The company sent a circular to all employees about the new rules.(公司给所有员工发了一份关于新规定的通知。)
34
disability /ˌdɪsəˈbɪləti/ n. 缺陷;障碍
The organization provides help for people with physical disabilities.(这个组织为身体有缺陷的人提供帮助。)
1. disabled /dɪsˈeɪbld/ adj. 有残疾的2. disable /dɪsˈeɪbl/ vt. 使残疾
1. Disabled people should have equal access to public services.(残疾人应享有平等的公共服务使用权。)2. A serious illness disabled him when he was young.(他年轻时因一场重病致残。)
35
consultation /ˌkɒnslˈteɪʃn/ n. 咨询;咨询会
I had a consultation with a doctor about my headache.(我就头痛问题咨询了医生。)
1. consult /kənˈsʌlt/ vt. & vi. 咨询;商量2. consultant /kənˈsʌltənt/ n. 顾问;专科医生
1. You should consult your parents before making a big decision.(做重大决定前,你应该和父母商量。)2. The company hired a financial consultant to manage its money.(公司聘请了一位财务顾问管理资金。)
36
stability /stəˈbɪləti/ n. 稳定(性);稳固(性)
The country needs political stability to develop its economy.(这个国家需要政治稳定来发展经济。)
1. stable /ˈsteɪbl/ adj. 稳定的;稳重的2. stabilize /ˈsteɪbəlaɪz/ vt. & vi.(使)稳定
1. He has a stable job in a big company.(他在一家大公司有份稳定的工作。)2. The government took measures to stabilize the rising prices.(政府采取措施稳定上涨的物价。)
37
pray /preɪ/ vi. & vt. 祈祷;企盼(短语:pray that)
We pray that our grandparents will stay healthy.(我们祈祷祖父母身体健康。)
prayer /preə(r)/ n. 祈祷;祷告
She said a short prayer before eating dinner.(她晚餐前做了一个简短的祷告。)
38
hypothetical /ˌhaɪpəˈθetɪkl/ adj. 假设的;假定的
The teacher asked us to discuss a hypothetical situation.(老师让我们讨论一个假设的场景。)
hypothesis /haɪˈpɒθəsɪs/ n. 假设;假说(复数:hypotheses)
The scientist put forward a new hypothesis to explain the phenomenon.(科学家提出了一个新假说解释这种现象。)
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