Unit 2 Grammar 数量的比较和as......as的用法 讲义 2025-2026学年译林版（2024）英语八年级上册

该初中英语单元复习讲义通过分类梳理和表格工具系统构建了数量比较和同级比较的知识体系，将修饰可数/不可数名词的数量词（many/few, much/little）按原级、比较级、最高级分类，用对比表格呈现变化规则，结合例句解析as…as结构的肯定与否定形式，清晰呈现知识内在联系。 讲义亮点在于“分层递进”的练习设计，如单项选择巩固基础用法，改写句子（如将比较级句子转换为as…as结构）提升综合运用能力，培养语言能力和思维品质。基础题帮助学生掌握规则，综合题促进灵活运用，参考答案助力学生自主核对，教师可据此实施分层教学，提升复习效率。

八年级上册译林版英语讲义:Unit 2 Grammar (数量的比较和as…as的用法) 学习目标 1. 掌握表示数量的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形式。 1. 理解并正确运用much, many, few, little, more, less, fewer, most, least, fewest等词来比较数量。 1. 掌握“as…as…”结构在同级比较中的用法,包括肯定和否定形式。 1. 通过多样化的练习,巩固所学知识,提升在实际语境中运用数量比较和同级比较的能力。 知识点详解 在英语中,我们经常需要比较事物的数量或程度。本单元将重点学习如何使用形容词和副词来表达数量的比较,以及“as…as…”结构进行同级比较。 一、表示数量的词语及其比较级和最高级 表示数量的词语主要分为修饰可数名词和不可数名词两类,它们也有比较级和最高级形式。 1. 修饰可数名词的词语 原级:many (许多), few (很少) 比较级:more (更多), fewer (更少) 最高级:most (最多), fewest (最少) 例句: I have many books. (我有很多书。) He has few friends. (他朋友很少。) She has more pens than I. (她比我更多的钢笔。) There are fewer students in this class than in that one. (这个班的学生比那个班少。) He has the most toys. (他玩具最多。) She has the fewest mistakes. (她犯的错误最少。) 2. 修饰不可数名词的词语 原级:much (许多), little (很少) 比较级:more (更多), less (更少) 最高级:most (最多), least (最少) 例句: There is much water in the bottle. (瓶子里有很多水。) I have little money. (我钱很少。) He needs more time. (他需要更多时间。) She has less patience than her brother. (她比她哥哥耐心少。) He spends the most time on his homework. (他花在作业上的时间最多。) She has the least interest in sports. (她对运动的兴趣最少。) 3. 总结表格:数量词的比较级和最高级 词语类型 原级 比较级 最高级 修饰可数名词 many (许多) more (更多) most (最多) few (很少) fewer (更少) fewest (最少) 修饰不可数名词 much (许多) more (更多) most (最多) little (很少) less (更少) least (最少) 二、“as…as…”结构:同级比较 “as…as…”结构用于表示两个人或事物在某方面“和……一样……”,或者“不如……”。 1. 肯定形式:和……一样…… 构成:as + 形容词原级/副词原级 + as 用法:表示两者在性质、状态或程度上相同。 例句: He is as tall as his father. (他和他父亲一样高。) She sings as beautifully as her sister. (她唱歌和她姐姐一样动听。) This book is as interesting as that one. (这本书和那本一样有趣。) 2. 否定形式:不如…… 构成:not as/so + 形容词原级/副词原级 + as 用法:表示两者在性质、状态或程度上不相同,即“不如……”。 例句: He is not as tall as his father. (他不如他父亲高。) She doesn’t sing so beautifully as her sister. (她唱歌不如她姐姐动听。) This book is not as interesting as that one. (这本书不如那本有趣。) 3. 其他用法 as much/many as:和……一样多 例句:I have as many books as you. (我拥有的书和你一样多。) He has as much money as his brother. (他拥有的钱和他哥哥一样多。) as little/few as:和……一样少 例句:She has as few friends as her sister. (她和她姐姐的朋友一样少。) He has as little time as I. (他拥有的时间和我一样少。) as…as possible:尽可能地…… 例句:Please come as soon as possible. (请尽快来。) Try to speak as loudly as possible. (尽量大声说。) 三、数量比较与同级比较的综合运用 例句: He has more money than I, but I have as many friends as he. (他比我钱多,但我朋友和他一样多。) This class has fewer students than that one, so it’s not as noisy as that one. (这个班的学生比那个班少,所以它不如那个班吵闹。) 练习与巩固 一、单项选择 (选择最佳答案填空) 1. My brother has _ books than I. A. much B. many C. more D. most 1. There is _ water in the bottle than in the glass. A. little B. less C. least D. few 1. He has _ friends than his sister. A. few B. fewer C. fewest D. little 1. She spends _ time on her homework in her class. A. much B. more C. most D. many 1. I have _ money as you. A. as much B. as many C. more D. less 1. This car is not _ expensive as that one. A. as B. so C. more D. A or B 1. Please write _ words as possible. A. as much B. as many C. more D. most 1. Of all the students, Tom made _ mistakes. A. few B. fewer C. fewest D. little 1. My sister is _ than my brother. A. as tall B. not as tall C. taller D. more tall 1. There is _ milk in this cup than in that one. A. less B. little C. fewer D. few 二、用适当的词语填空 (much, many, few, little, more, less, fewer, most, least, fewest) 1. He has _ books than his brother. 1. There is _ sugar in my coffee than in yours. 1. Of all the students, Mary has _ pens. 1. We have _ time to finish the work. 1. This class has _ students than that one. 1. She eats _ food than her brother. 1. I have _ friends than before. 1. He spends _ money on clothes. 1. There are _ trees in the park now. 1. Of all the subjects, I like English _. 三、根据句意完成句子 (补全句子) 1. He has (和她一样多的) _ friends. 1. There is (比昨天更少的) _ water in the river. 1. Please come (尽可能快地) _. 1. This is (最少的) _ money I have. 1. She has (比我更多的) _ patience. 四、改写句子 (按要求改写句子) 1. I have more books than my sister. (用as…as改写) _ 1. He has little money. (改为比较级) _ 1. No one in our class has as many pens as Lily. (改为最高级) _ 1. The red car is not as fast as the blue one. (用比较级改写) _ 1. He speaks English well. She speaks English as well as he. (合并成一句话,用as…as) _ 五、选择填空 (选择正确的选项填空) 1. He has (much / many) more books than I. 1. There is (little / few) less milk in the glass. 1. She has (fewer / less) friends than her brother. 1. Of all the girls, Lily has (the most / the fewest) dresses. 1. Try to make (as few / as little) mistakes as possible. 参考答案 一、单项选择 1. C 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. A 二、用适当的词语填空 1. more 1. less 1. the most 1. little 1. fewer 1. less 1. more 1. much 1. fewer 1. most 三、根据句意完成句子 1. as many as her 1. less water than yesterday 1. as soon as possible 1. the least 1. more patience than me 四、改写句子 1. My sister doesn’t have as many books as I. / My sister has fewer books than I. 1. He has less money than before. 1. Lily has the most pens in our class. 1. The blue car is faster than the red one. 1. She speaks English as well as he does. 五、选择填空 1. many 1. little 1. fewer 1. the most 1. as few 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $