Unit 2 Onwards and upwards 词汇基础知识过关-2025-2026学年高中英语外研版选择性必修第一册

外研版选必一Unit 2 Onwards and upwards基础知识过关 一、单词变形 1．inform v．通知，告知→ n．信息 2．rarely adv.很少，难得→ adj.稀有的 3．rejection n．拒绝，否决→ v．拒绝，否决 4．persevere v．锲而不舍，坚持不懈→ n．坚持 5．criticism n．批评；指责→ v．批评→ n．批评家 6．delighted adj.愉快的，高兴的→ n．高兴 vt.使高兴→ adj.令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的 7．worthwhile adj.重要的；值得做的→ adj.值得尊敬的；值得赞赏的→ adj.值得的 8．enthusiastic adj.热心的，热衷的→ n．热情 9．elect v．选举，推选→ n．选举 10．blessing n．幸事，幸运→ v．为……祝福 11．appreciative adj.感激的→ v．感激→ n．感激；欣赏 12．mere adj.仅仅，只不过→ adv.仅仅，只 13．gentleness n．和蔼，温和→ adj.温和的→ adv.温和地 14．permanent adj.长久的；永久的→ adv.永久地 15．literary adj.文学的→ n．文学 16．embarrassed adj.难堪的，尴尬的→ vt.使尴尬→ adj.令人尴尬的 二、课本词块汉译英 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 以罗琳为例 2. 与……有共同点 3. 把……粘在墙上 4. 以微薄的收入存活 5. 坚持 v. n. adj. 6. 拒绝 7. 轰动全球 8. 被翻译成 9. 经常 10. 伟大作品的作家 11. 遭受批评与拒绝 12. 奋力做…… 13. 与……斗争 14. 善恶之争 15. 争取独立的斗争 16. 使作品被发表 17. 立刻成为畅销书 18. 奖项被发给某人 19. 梦到/梦想做某事 20. 看到自己的文字付印 21. 以男性的名字 22. 被视作世界文学经典 23. 通过……方式 24. 实现伟大目标 25. 一点，一丝 26. 发挥作用 27. 突然失明失聪 28. 对……欣赏、感激 29. 偶尔 30. 特别地；尤其 31. 值得关注 32. 被……揭示 33. 譬如；比方说 34. 温柔与陪伴 35. 值得过 36. 脸的轮廓 37. 使我的双眼陶醉于… 38. 调查；探究 39. 渴望做 40. 迎接黎明 41. 平淡无奇的世界 42. 做着日常的事情 43. 逼近；围住 44. 降临；突然到达 45. 给……一个忠告/提示 46. 将……应用于 47. 打翻 48. 未能做到某事 49. 拿起 50. 戳/刺/插入 51. 浓汤 52. 菜肴 53. 建议某人做某事 54. 清楚，明白 三、单词拼写 1．They wanted to (邀请) their friends to the birthday party yesterday. 2．The story tells of a (典型的)conflict between love and duty. 3．We (保证) that students will have enough time to relax and sleep. 4．The students were (热情的) about the upcoming science fair, spending weeks preparing their innovative projects. 5．He was (窘迫的) to admit cheating in the exam. 6．It seemed like a joke at first, but the girl was very (苦恼的). 7．The government (概述) its plan to reduce carbon emissions by 2030 during the international conference.   8．You’d better keep him (通知) that his father has died due to an unexpected car accident. 9．Tattoos are often considered a (永久的) form of body art. 10．He tried to (证明……合理) his absence with a reasonable excuse. 11．I wrapped the baby in a (毯子). 12．Cities such as Shanghai, Shenzhen and Guangzhou already have given more (水久的) resident permits to higher-income migrants. 13．She refused to （赞同）to society’s definition of success, instead tracing her own path through volunteer work, discovering that true satisfaction comes from giving. 14．She has published more than 20 books including novels, poetry and literary . (批评，评论) 15．We must learn to (释放) the pressure resulting from our study. 四、选词填空 go wrong; turn down; work on; dream of; be delighted to；  be made up of; pass on; pick up； get out of bed; have fun; contribute to; in particular; care about; make use of; now and then 1.If you lose your focus,things can easily　　　　　　　　　　　.  2.It is impolite to　　　　　　　　　　 the warm-hearted offer.  3.She 　　　　　　　　　　running her own business.  4.He has spent the last two years 　　　　　　a book about childcare.  5.I 　　　　　　　　　　hear that you succeeded. 6.You can 　　　　　　　　picking strawberries in person,but you can’t taste them for free.  7.Place your alarm far away so that you physically have to 　　　　　　　　　to turn it off.  8.The truth is that all food 　　　　　　　　　　chemicals.  9.It teaches us to place a greater value on what we 　　　　　　　　　the society than on what we gain.  10.Phone the Reception Desk,and your message will be 　　　　　　　　　to the room staff. 11.During the following days,I got the same call 　　　　　　.  12.Don’t be afraid of problems,but 　　　　　　　　it to be the best of ourselves!   13.All the candidates are excellent,but I like the last one 　　　　　　　　　　— his experience is just what we need at the moment.   14.My parents still 　　　　　　　　　　me,but I was no longer the center of the universe.  15 .If you love helping the environment,plant trees or 　　　　　　litter.  五、单句语法填空 1．A parrot can sometimes make you (embarrass). 2．What upset us was that the party failed (win) the election. 3．The passionate boy is (enthusiasm) in sports and especially has enthusiasm for ball games. 4．The archaeologist who attempted (document) the caves in Tanzania discovered a relic that provides a clue about ancient traditions. 5．A few students hesitated (start) and waited to see what the rest of the class would do. 6．Remember (turn) off the air conditioning when you leave the room. 7．When (inform) of the sudden change, all the students adjusted their schedules. 8．The ambitious general intended (conquer) not just neighboring lands but also people’s hearts. 9．Swimming builds both strength and (endure). 10．The play received mixed (critic) from the audience. 11．People in rural areas tend (lead) a simpler life than those in urban areas. 12．Compared to those who (rare) move, people who often exercise and stay active are much less likely to develop heart disease. 13．She showed great (gentle) when caring for the injured animal. 14．Alex’s mother was angry because Alex had forgotten (charge) the battery. 15．The organization aims the forest resources for the wildlife. (conserve) 16．Such a meaningful activity is well worth (organize) again. 17．Because my bike needs (repair), I have to walk to school these days. 18．The child pretended (be) a doctor, giving his teddy bear a check-up. 19．After knowing it, they were very (appreciate). 20．We must manage (realize) our dreams. 21．Depending on their rich experience, the firemen prevented the fire (spread) eventually. 22．We don’t allow (dive) in the pool with no teachers around. 23．Perhaps the overall prize for perseverance should go to three sisters from Victorian England who dreamt of (see) their words in print. 24．These are the words that every writer dreads (receive), but words every writer knows well. 25．The accident left him   (permanent) disabled. 26．Time (permit), we’ll go to your house. 六、完成句子 1. 听从医生的建议，你很快就会好的。 ____________________________________, and you will be well very soon. 2. 他张开嘴好像要说什么。 He opened his mouth __________________________________. 3. 直到鱼都死了，村民们才意识到保护这条河的重要性。 Only when all the fish died____________________________________protecting the river. 4. 史密斯太太发现很难清理残局，因为每当她想收拾时，她的孩子们总是碍手碍脚。 Mrs. Smith finds it hard the mess, as her children are always in the way whenever she tries to. 5. 有这位老人引领着我们，我们没有费劲就找到了他家。 With , we had no trouble finding his house. 6. 虽然我们在性格上完全不同，但我们仍然是不错的朋友。 we completely differ from each other in character, we are still great friends. 七、书面表达 假定你是李华，与留学生朋友Bob约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1.表达歉意 2.说明原因 3.另约时间。 Dear Bob, I’m writing to ________________________________ (向你表达歉意) for not gone to the bookstore with you _____________________________________(安排在周五下午的)。 Here is the thing. ________________________________________(我被通知参加) an important class meeting that afternoon. So urgent is it that I have to get our plan changed. I feel terrible sorry for miss the chance of such a happy get-together and cause you trouble. Meanwhile, would you mind if ______________________________________(我提议再约时间). If it’s convenient for you, shall we meet at 8:00 a.m. next Saturday? If not, please keep me informed in advance of what time suits you best. __________________________________________________________ (对于给你造成的不便再次表示道歉) and hope you can accept my apology. Yours, Li Hua 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 答案 一、单词变形 1．inform v．通知,告知→information n．信息 2．rarely adv.很少,难得→rare adj.稀有的 3．rejection n．拒绝,否决→reject v．拒绝，否决 4．persevere v．锲而不舍,坚持不懈→perseverance n．坚持 5．criticism n．批评;指责→criticize v．批评 →critic n．批评家 6．delighted adj.愉快的,高兴的→delight n．高兴 vt. 使高兴→delightful adj.令人愉快的,讨人喜欢的 7．worthwhile adj.重要的;值得做的→worthy adj.值得尊敬的;值得赞赏的→worth adj.值得的 8．enthusiastic adj.热心的,热衷的→enthusiasm n．热情 9．elect v．选举,推选→election n．选举 10．blessing n．幸事,幸运→bless v．为……祝福 11．appreciative adj.感激的→appreciate v．感激→appreciation n．感激;欣赏 12．mere adj.仅仅,只不过→merely adv.仅仅,只 13．gentleness n．和蔼,温和→gentle adj.温和的→gently adv.温和地 14．permanent adj.长久的;永久的→permanently adv.永久地 15．literary adj.文学的→literature n．文学 16．embarrassed adj.难堪的，尴尬的→embarrass vt.使尴尬→embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的 二、课本词块汉译英 1. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2. take J.K Rowling for example/as an example. 3. have something in common with sb. 4. stick … on the wall 5. survive on little money 6. persevere/persist in doing/with sth. 7. turn sb. down 8. become a global success 9. be translated into 10. all too often; /more often than not 11. writers of great works 12. face/meet with criticism = be faced/confronted with… = in the face of… 13. struggle to do sth./for sth. 14. struggle against/with sth. 15. a struggle between good and evil 16. a struggle for independence 17. get his works published 18. become an immediate best-seller 19. The prize goes to sb. 20. dream of/about doing 21. see their words in print 22. under male names 23. be regarded as classics of world literature 24. by means of (区别by no means绝不) 25. achieve great ends 26. a touch of 27. play a part/role in sth. 28. be stricken blind and deaf 29. be appreciative of 30. now and then 31. in particular 32. be worthy of note 33. be revealed by 34. 35. say for … 36. 37. gentleness and companionship 38. be worth living 39. the outline of a face 40. intoxicate my eyes on… 41. probe into 42. be anxious to do 43. greet the dawn 44. the workaday world 45. go about one’s business 46. close in on 47. descend on / upon 48. give one hint to sb 49. apply … to … 50. knock over 51. fail to do 52. pick up 53. stick… into… 54. thick soup 55. course 56. advise sb to do 57. be aware of 三、单词拼写 1. invite 2．classic 3．guarantee 4．enthusiastic/passionate 5．embarrassed 6．upset 7．outlined 8．informed 9．permanent 10．justify 11．blanket 12．permanent 13．subscribe 14．criticism 15．release 四、选词填空 1. go wrong 2. turn down 3. dreams of 4. working on 5. am delighted to 6. have fun 7. get out of the bed 8. are made up of 9. contribute to 10. passed on 11. now and then 12. make use of 13. in particular 14. care about 15. pick up 五、单句语法填空 1．embarrassed 2．to win 3．enthusiastic 4．to document 5．to start 6．to turn 7．informed 8．to conquer 9．endurance 10．criticism 11．to lead 12．rarely 13．gentleness 14．to charge 15．to conserve 16．organizing 17．repairing/to be repaired 18．to be 19．appreciative 20．to realize 21．spreading 22．diving 23．seeing 24．receiving 25．permanently 26. permitting 六、完成句子 1. Follow the doctor’s advice 2. as if he would say something. 3. did the villagers realize the importance of 4. to clear up 5. the old man leading us 6. Even though/if 七、书面表达 1. express my sincere apology 2. scheduled on Friday afternoon 3. I was informed to attend 4. I propose another appointment 5. I’d apologize again for the inconvenience caused $