Unit 4 Adversity and courage 期末派生法背记单词清单-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第三册

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人教版 选择性必修 3 Unit 4 Adversity and courage.期末派生法背记单词

序号

原词

例句

派生词

例句

1

adversity /ədˈvɜːsəti/ n. 困境;逆境

Facing adversity bravely can make people stronger.(勇敢面对困境能让人变得更坚强。)

adverse /ˈædvɜːs/ adj. 不利的;有害的

The adverse weather conditions forced us to cancel the outdoor activity.(不利的天气条件迫使我们取消了户外活动。)

2

bitter /ˈbɪtə(r)/ adj. 严寒的;激烈而不愉快的;味苦的

The coffee is too bitter for me—I need to add some sugar.(这咖啡对我来说太苦了,我得加些糖。)

1. bitterly /ˈbɪtəli/ adv. 痛苦地;激烈地2. bitterness /ˈbɪtənəs/ n. 苦味;痛苦

1. She cried bitterly when she heard the bad news.(听到坏消息时,她痛苦地哭了。)2. The bitterness of the medicine made it hard to swallow.(药的苦味让它很难咽下去。)

3

endurance /ɪnˈdjʊərəns/ n. 忍耐力;耐久力

Long-distance running requires great physical endurance.(长跑需要很强的身体耐力。)

endure /ɪnˈdjʊə(r)/ vt. & vi. 忍受;忍耐

He had to endure great pain after the accident.(事故后,他不得不忍受巨大的疼痛。)

4

vigour /ˈvɪɡə(r); NAmE ˈvɪɡər/ n. 精力;力量;活力

Young people are usually full of vigour and enthusiasm.(年轻人通常充满活力和热情。)

1. vigorous /ˈvɪɡərəs/ adj. 精力充沛的;有力的2. vigorously /ˈvɪɡərəsli/ adv. 精力充沛地

1. He takes vigorous exercise every morning to keep fit.(他每天早上进行剧烈运动来保持健康。)2. The team argued vigorously about the new project plan.(团队就新的项目计划激烈地争论。)

5

qualified /ˈkwɒlɪfaɪd/ adj. 符合资格;具备……

She is qualified for the job because she has five years of experience.(她

1. qualify /ˈkwɒlɪfaɪ/ vt. & vi.(使)具有资格;限定2.

1. Passing this exam will qualify you to work as a teacher.(通过这场

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的知识(或技能、学历等)

有五年经验,能胜任这份工作。)

qualification /ˌkwɒlɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. 资格;学历

考试,你将获得当老师的资格。)2. She has all the necessary qualifications for the position.(她具备这个职位所需的所有资格条件。)

6

enthusiastic /ɪnˌθjuːziˈæstɪk/ adj. 热情的;热心的

The students are enthusiastic about the new science course.(学生们对这门新的科学课程很热心。)

1. enthusiasm /ɪnˈθjuːziæzəm/ n. 热情;热心2. enthusiastically /ɪnˌθjuːziˈæstɪkli/ adv. 热情地

1. Her enthusiasm for music inspired all her classmates.(她对音乐的热情激励了所有同学。)2. The audience clapped enthusiastically after the performance.(表演结束后,观众热情地鼓掌。)

7

assign /əˈsaɪn/ vt. 分派;布置;分配

The teacher assigned us a lot of homework for the weekend.(老师给我们布置了很多周末作业。)

assignment /əˈsaɪnmənt/ n. 任务;作业;分配

I need to finish my math assignment before going to bed.(睡觉前我得完成数学作业。)

8

envy /ˈenvi/ vt. & n. 羡慕;妒忌

I envy her because she can speak three foreign languages fluently.(我羡慕她,因为她能流利地说三种外语。)

1. envious /ˈenviəs/ adj. 羡慕的;妒忌的2. enviously /ˈenviəsli/ adv. 羡慕地

1. They looked at the rich man’s new car with envious eyes.(他们用羡慕的目光看着那个富人的新车。)2. She stared enviously at her friend’s beautiful dress.(她羡慕地盯着朋友漂亮的裙子。)

9

abandon /əˈbændən/ vt. 舍弃;抛弃;放弃

The sailors had to abandon the sinking ship.(水手们不得不放弃正在沉没的船。)

1. abandonment /əˈbændənmənt/ n. 抛弃;放弃2. abandoned /əˈbændənd/ adj. 被抛弃的;放纵的

1. The abandonment of the project made many workers lose their jobs.(项目的放弃让很多工人失业了。)2. We found an abandoned house in the deep

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forest.(我们在深林里发现了一座废弃的房子。)

10

blanket /ˈblæŋkɪt/ n. 毯子

My mother gave me a warm blanket to keep me from catching a cold.(妈妈给了我一条暖和的毯子,防止我感冒。)

blanket /ˈblæŋkɪt/ vt. 覆盖

Heavy snow blanketed the whole village overnight.(一夜之间,大雪覆盖了整个村庄。)

11

belongings /bɪˈlɒŋɪŋz/ n. [pl.] 财物;动产

Please take care of your personal belongings when taking the train.(坐火车时请保管好个人财物。)

1. belong /bɪˈlɒŋ/ vi. 属于2. belonging /bɪˈlɒŋɪŋ/ n. 归属

1. This book belongs to my sister—her name is on the cover.(这本书是我姐姐的,封面上有她的名字。)2. She has a strong sense of belonging to her hometown.(她对家乡有很强的归属感。)

12

miserable /ˈmɪzrəbl/ adj. 痛苦的;令人难受的

He felt miserable after failing the important exam.(重要考试失利后,他感到很痛苦。)

1. misery /ˈmɪzəri/ n. 痛苦;苦难2. miserably /ˈmɪzrəbli/ adv. 痛苦地

1. The war brought great misery to the local people.(战争给当地人民带来了巨大的苦难。)2. He lived miserably alone in the small house.(他独自一人在小房子里痛苦地生活。)

13

navy /ˈneɪvi/ n. 海军;海军部队

His father served in the navy for ten years.(他父亲在海军服役了十年。)

naval /ˈneɪvl/ adj. 海军的

The country has built a new naval base on the coast.(这个国家在海岸线上建了一个新的海军基地。)

14

decent /ˈdiːsnt/ adj. 相当不错的;正派的;得体的

We had a decent meal at the new restaurant

1. decently /ˈdiːsntli/ adv. 得体地;相当好地2. decency

1. She dressed decently for the formal party.(她为正式派对穿得很得体

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