内容正文:
人教版 选择性必修 3 Unit 3 Environmental protection.期末派生法背记单词
序号
原词
例句
派生词
例句
1
graph /ɡræf/ n. 图;图表;曲线图
The graph shows the increase in students’ test scores over six months.(这张图表展示了六个月来学生考试成绩的增长情况。)
1. graphic /ˈɡræfɪk/ adj. 图表的;生动的2. graphically /ˈɡræfɪkli/ adv. 用图表地;生动地
1. The report includes a graphic analysis of sales data.(这份报告包含对销售数据的图表分析。)2. The story was graphically described in the newspaper.(报纸上生动地描述了这个故事。)
2
emission /iˈmɪʃn/ n. 排放物;散发物;排放
Car emissions are a major cause of air pollution in cities.(汽车排放物是城市空气污染的主要原因之一。)
emit /iˈmɪt/ vt. 排放;散发
Factories must reduce the amount of harmful gases they emit.(工厂必须减少有害气体的排放量。)
3
melt /melt/ vi. & vt. (使) 融化;熔化;软化
The ice cream will melt quickly if you leave it in the sun.(把冰淇淋放在阳光下会很快融化。)
1. melting /ˈmeltɪŋ/ adj. 融化的;使人感动的2. melted /meltɪd/ adj. 融化了的
1. The melting snow flowed down the mountain into the river.(融化的雪水从山上流进河里。)2. Add the melted butter to the flour and mix well.(把融化的黄油加入面粉中,充分搅拌。)
4
starve /stɑːv/ vi. & vt. (使) 挨饿;饿死
Many people starved during the long drought.(漫长的干旱期间,很多人挨饿。)
1. starvation /stɑːˈveɪʃn/ n. 饥饿;挨饿2. starving /ˈstɑːvɪŋ/ adj. 饥饿的;渴望的
1. The charity works to prevent starvation in poor areas.(该慈善机构致力于预防贫困地区的饥荒。)2. I’m starving—can we have dinner soon?(我太饿了,我们能快点吃晚饭吗?)
5
ecology /iˈkɒlədʒi/ n. 生态;生态学
We learned about ecology in our biology class last week.(上周生物课上,我们学习了生态学知识。)
1. ecological /ˌiːkəˈlɒdʒɪkl/ adj. 生态的;生态学的2. ecologist /iˈkɒlədʒɪst/ n. 生态学家
1. We need to take ecological protection measures to save the forest.(我们需要采取生态保护措施来拯救森林。)2. The ecologist is studying how climate change affects animals.(这位生态学家正在研究气候变化对动物的影响。)
6
release /rɪˈliːs/ vt. & n. 排放;释放;发布
The factory was fined for releasing toxic waste into the river.(这家工厂因向河流排放有毒废物被罚款。)
releasable /rɪˈliːsəbl/ adj. 可释放的;可发布的
The chemical in this container is releasable only under high temperature.(这个容器里的化学物质只有在高温下才能释放。)
7
carbon /ˈkɑːbən/ n. 碳
Plants absorb carbon from the air to make food.(植物从空气中吸收碳来制造养分。)
carbonic /kɑːˈbɒnɪk/ adj. 碳的;含碳的
Carbonic acid is present in some carbonated drinks like cola.(碳酸存在于可乐等碳酸饮料中。)
8
habitable /ˈhæbɪtəbl/ adj. 适合居住的
This planet is not habitable because it has no water or air.(这颗行星没有水和空气,不适合居住。)
1. inhabit /ɪnˈhæbɪt/ vt. 居住于;栖息在2. inhabitant /ɪnˈhæbɪtənt/ n. 居民;住户
1. Many rare birds inhabit this wetland area.(许多珍稀鸟类栖息在这片湿地。)2. The inhabitants of this small town are very friendly to visitors.(这个小镇的居民对游客非常友好。)
9
sustain /səˈsteɪn/ vt. 维持;遭受;承受住
The company needs to find new ways to sustain its growth.(这家公司需要找到新方法来维持增长。)
1. sustainable /səˈsteɪnəbl/ adj. 可持续的;合理利用的2. sustainability /səˌsteɪnəˈbɪləti/ n. 可持续性
1. We should promote sustainable development to protect the environment.(我们应推动可持续发展,保护生态环境。)2. The sustainability of this project depends on public support.(这个项目的可持续性取决于公众的支持。)
10
sustainable /səˈsteɪnəbl/ adj. 可持续的;合理利用的
Buying local produce is a sustainable way to reduce carbon footprint.(购买本地农产品是减少碳足迹的可持续方式。)
sustainably /səˈsteɪnəbli/ adv. 可持续地
We must use natural resources sustainably to leave them for future generations.(我们必须可持续地利用自然资源,为后代保留它们。)
11
fossil /ˈfɒsl/ n. 化石
Scientists found a dinosaur fossil in this area last year.(科学家去年在这个地区发现了一块恐龙化石。)
fossilized /ˈfɒsəlaɪzd/ adj. 石化的;僵化的
The fossilized leaves in the rock are over 10 million years old.(岩石中的石化树叶已有超过1000万年的历史。)
12
fuel /ˈfjuːəl/ n. 燃料;刺激性言行
Coal and oil are important fossil fuels used in industry.(煤和石油是工业中使用的重要化石燃料。)
fueled/fuelled /fjuːəld/ adj. 加了燃料的
The fueled plane took off smoothly from the runway.(加好油的飞机从跑道上平稳起飞。)
13
comprehensive /ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪv/ adj. 全部的;所有的;详尽的
The teacher gave us a comprehensive review before the final exam.(期末考试前,老师给我们做了全面的复习。)
comprehensively /ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪvli/ adv. 全面地;详尽地
The report covers the problem of climate change comprehensively.(这份报告全面涵盖了气候变化问题。)
14
trend /trend/ n. 趋势;趋向;动向
There is a trend of people choosing to work from home.(现在有一种趋势,人们选择居家办公。)
trendy /ˈtrendi/ adj. 时髦的;流行的
This brand of sneakers is trendy among high school students.(这个品牌的运动鞋在高中生中很流行。)
15
frequently /ˈfriːkwəntli/ adv. 频繁地;经常
He frequently visits his grandparents on weekends.(他周末经常去看望祖父母。)
1. frequent /ˈfriːkwənt/ adj. 频繁的;常见的2. frequency /ˈfriːkwənsi/ n. 频率;频繁
1. Heavy rain is frequent in this region during summer.(夏季这个地区经常下大雨。)2. The frequency of bus services will increase during rush hours.(高峰时段公交车的发车频率会提高。)
16
broadcast /ˈbrɔːdkɑːst/ vt. & vi. 播送;广播;传播;n. 广播节目
The football match will be broadcast live on TV tonight.(这场足球赛今晚将在电视上直播。)
1. broadcasting /ˈbrɔːdkɑːstɪŋ/ n. 广播;播放2. broadcaster /ˈbrɔːdkɑːstə(r)/ n. 广播员;电视台(或电台)工作人员
1. She studied broadcasting in college and now works for a TV station.(她大学学的是播音专业,现在在一家电视台工作。)2. The famous broadcaster retired after working for 30 years.(这位著名广播员工作30年后退休了。)
17
restrict /rɪˈstrɪkt/ vt. 限制;限定;束缚
The school rules restrict students from using mobile phones in class.(校规禁止学生在课堂上使用手机。)
1. restriction /rɪˈstrɪkʃn/ n. 限制规定;约束2. restrictive /rɪˈstrɪktɪv/ adj. 限制性的;约束的
1. There are no restrictions on the number of visitors to the park.(这个公园对游客数量没有限制。)2. The new policy is too restrictive and has affected small businesses.(新政策限制性太强,影响了小企业。)
18
seize /siːz/ vt. 抓住;夺取;控制
The police seized a lot of illegal drugs during the operation.(警方在行动中查获了大量非法毒品。)
seizure /ˈsiːʒə(r)/ n. 夺取;(疾病)发作(如heart seizure 心脏病发作)
He had a sudden heart seizure and was sent to hospital immediately.(他突然心脏病发作,被立即送往医院。)
19
reform /rɪˈfɔːm/ vi. & vt. 改革;(使)改正;n. 改革
The government decided to reform the education system to improve quality.(政府决定改革教育体系以提高质量。)
reformist /rɪˈfɔːmɪst/ n. 改革者;adj. 支持改革的
The reformist put forward a plan to reduce pollution in cities.(这位改革者提出了一项减少城市污染的计划。)
20
implement /ˈɪmplɪmənt/ vt. 使生效;贯彻;执行
The school will implement the new policy next semester.(学校将在下学期实施这项新政策。)
implementation /ˌɪmplɪmenˈteɪʃn/ n. 实施;执行
The implementation of the plan requires the cooperation of all departments.(计划的实施需要所有部门的配合。)
21
harmonious /hɑːˈməʊniəs/ adj. 和谐的
We should build a harmonious relationship between humans and nature.(我们应构建人与自然和谐共处的关系。)
1. harmony /ˈhɑːməni/ n. 和谐;融洽2. harmoniously /hɑːˈməʊniəsli/ adv. 和谐地
1. The family lives in harmony, and they always help each other.(这家人生活和睦,总是互相帮助。)2. People from different cultures can live harmoniously in this city.(不同文化背景的人可以在这座城市和谐生活。)
22
moderate /ˈmɒdərət/ adj. 适度的;温和的;/ˈmɒdəreɪt/ vi. 缓和
We need to do moderate exercise every day to keep healthy.(我们需要每天进行适度运动来保持健康。)
1. moderation /ˌmɒdəˈreɪʃn/ n. 适度;节制(如in moderation 适度地)2. moderately /ˈmɒdərətli/ adv. 适度地;温和地
1. Doctors advise drinking alcohol in moderation.(医生建议饮酒要适量。)2. The temperature today is moderately warm, perfect for a walk.(今天气温温和,很适合散步。)
23
submit /səbˈmɪt/ vt. & vi. 提交;呈递;屈服
You must submit your homework before midnight tonight.(你必须在今晚午夜前提交作业。)
1. submission /səbˈmɪʃn/ n. 提交;屈服2. submissive /səbˈmɪsɪv/ adj. 顺从的;屈服的
1. The submission of the application form is due next Friday.(申请表的提交截止日期是下周五。)2. She has a submissive personality and rarely argues with others.(她性格顺从,很少和别人争论。)
24
annual /ˈænjuəl/ adj. 每年的;n. 年刊
The company holds an annual meeting to review its performance.(这家公司每年召开一次年会,回顾业绩。)
annually /ˈænjuəli/ adv. 每年;一年一度地
The festival is held annually to celebrate the local culture.(这个节日每年举办一次,庆祝当地文化。)
25
tropical /ˈtrɒpɪkl/ adj. 热带的;来自热带的
Banana trees grow well in tropical regions.(香蕉树在热带地区生长良好。)
tropics /ˈtrɒpɪks/ n. 热带地区
Many kinds of colorful birds live in the tropics.(热带地区生活着多种色彩鲜艳的鸟类。)
26
chaos /ˈkeɪɒs/ n. 混乱;杂乱;紊乱
The classroom was in chaos after the teacher left.(老师离开后,教室里一片混乱。)
chaotic /keɪˈɒtɪk/ adj. 混乱的;无秩序的
The traffic was chaotic after the accident on the highway.(高速公路发生事故后,交通一片混乱。)
27
nuclear /ˈnjuːkliə(r)/ adj. 原子能的;核能的;原子核的
Many countries use nuclear energy to generate electricity.(许多国家使用核能发电。)
nucleus /ˈnjuːkliəs/ n. 核;核心(复数:nuclei)
The nucleus of an atom contains protons and neutrons.(原子核包含质子和中子。)
28
sensitive /ˈsensətɪv/ adj. 敏感的;善解人意的;灵敏的
This machine is sensitive to small changes in temperature.(这台机器对温度的微小变化很敏感。)
1. sensitivity /ˌsensəˈtɪvəti/ n. 敏感性;灵敏度2. sensitively /ˈsensətɪvli/ adv. 敏感地;善解人意地
1. The test can measure the sensitivity of the new sensor.(这个测试能测量新传感器的灵敏度。)2. She dealt with the sad student sensitively and offered help.(她善解人意地对待那个难过的学生,并提供了帮助。)
29
smog /smɒɡ/ n. 烟雾(烟与雾混合的污染物)
We should wear masks on smoggy days to protect our lungs.(雾霾天我们应该戴口罩保护肺部。)
smoggy /ˈsmɒɡi/ adj. 烟雾弥漫的
It was a smoggy morning, and we could barely see the buildings in the distance.(那是个烟雾弥漫的早晨,我们几乎看不到远处的建筑。)
30
originate /əˈrɪdʒɪneɪt/ vi. & vt. 起源;发源;创立
This tradition originated in the 19th century.(这个传统起源于19世纪。)
1. origin /ˈɒrɪdʒɪn/ n. 起源;出身;根源2. original /əˈrɪdʒənl/ adj. 原始的;最初的;独创的;n. 原作;原件
1. The origin of the river is in the mountains.(这条河的源头在山里。)2. This is the original painting by Van Gogh, not a copy.(这是梵高的原作,不是复制品。)
31
enterprise /ˈentəpraɪz/ n. 公司;企业;事业
His father founded a small enterprise that sells organic food.(他父亲创办了一家销售有机食品的小企业。)
entrepreneur /ˌɒntrəprəˈnɜː(r)/ n. 企业家
The young entrepreneur started his first company when he was 20.(这位年轻的企业家20岁时创办了自己的第一家公司。)
32
restore /rɪˈstɔː(r)/ vt. 恢复;使复原;修复
The workers spent a year to restore the old temple.(工人们花了一年时间修复这座古老的寺庙。)
restoration /ˌrestəˈreɪʃn/ n. 恢复;修复;重建
The restoration of the old library will be completed next month.(旧图书馆的修复工作将于下个月完成。)
33
conservation /ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn/ n. [环境、文物等] 保护;保持
The conservation of wildlife is important for ecological balance.(野生动物保护对生态平衡很重要。)
1. conserve /kənˈsɜːv/ vt. 保护;保存;节省2. conservative /kənˈsɜːvətɪv/ adj. 保守的;守旧的;n. 保守派
1. We should conserve water by turning off taps when not in use.(我们应在不用水时关掉水龙头,节约用水。)2. He has a conservative view on new fashion trends.(他对新的时尚趋势持保守态度。)
34
regulation /ˌreɡjuˈleɪʃn/ n. 章程;规章制度
All students must follow the school regulations.(所有学生都必须遵守校规。)
1. regulate /ˈreɡjuleɪt/ vt. 规定;管理;调节2. regulatory /ˈreɡjələtri/ adj. 管理的;监管的
1. The government regulates the price of basic goods to protect consumers.(政府调控基本商品价格,保护消费者。)2. There are strict regulatory standards for medical equipment.(医疗设备有严格的监管标准。)
35
disposal /dɪˈspəʊzl/ n. 去掉;清除;处理
The safe disposal of waste is a big problem in this city.(废物的安全处理是这座城市的一大难题。)
1. dispose /dɪˈspəʊz/ vt. & vi. 处理;安排(常搭配of,dispose of 处理;丢弃)2. disposable /dɪˈspəʊzəbl/ adj. 一次性的;可自由支配的
1. We should dispose of plastic waste properly instead of throwing it away.(我们应妥善处理塑料垃圾,而不是随意丢弃。)2. Disposable plastic bags are harmful to the environment.(一次性塑料袋对环境有害。)
36
inspection /ɪnˈspekʃn/ n. 检查;查看;视察
The factory passed the safety inspection last week.(这家工厂上周通过了安全检查。)
1. inspect /ɪnˈspekt/ vt. & vi. 检查;视察;审视2. inspector /ɪnˈspektə(r)/ n. 检查员;督察
1. The teacher will inspect our notebooks in tomorrow’s class.(老师明天上课会检查我们的笔记本。)2. The health inspector visited the restaurant to check its hygiene.(卫生检查员到访餐厅检查卫生情况。)
37
campaign /kæmˈpeɪn/ n. 运动;战役;vi. 参加运动
The school launched a campaign to encourage students to read more.(学校发起了一项运动,鼓励学生多读书。)
campaigner /kæmˈpeɪnə(r)/ n. 活动家;竞选者
The environmental campaigner organized a clean-up activity in the park.(这位环保活动家在公园组织了一场清洁活动。)
38
tolerate /ˈtɒləreɪt/ vt. 忍受;包容;容许
She can’t tolerate the noise from the construction site next door.(她无法忍受隔壁建筑工地的噪音。)
1. tolerance /ˈtɒlərəns/ n. 容忍;忍耐力;宽容2. tolerant /ˈtɒlərənt/ adj. 宽容的;耐……的
1. We should have tolerance for people with different opinions.(我们应对有不同观点的人保持宽容。)2. This plant is tolerant of dry weather and doesn’t need much water.(这种植物耐旱,不需要太多水分。)
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