Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 单元基础知识全方位精练(Section A) （单词、短语、语法、句型）英语人教版2024八年级上册

Unit 2 Home Sweet Home单元基础知识全方位精练(Section A) 【重点单词练习】 1、 根据中文或首字母提示填写单词 1. My dad helped me lift(举起) the heavy box onto the shelf. 2. I wrote a note(笔记) to remind myself to buy milk after school. 3. Please throw the empty bottle into the rubbish(垃圾) bin over there. 4. We plan(打算) to visit the science museum this Saturday afternoon. 5. My little sister always washes her hands in the bathroom (洗手间)after playing outside. 6. Lily wants to invite(邀请) her best friend to her birthday party next Sunday. 7. The old photo album is a precious treasure(宝物) for my family. 8. We prepared a big meal for our grandparents to welcome their arrival(到达). 9. The clock on the wall is dead(不运行的)—it stopped working yesterday. 10. You can add(添加) a little sugar to the coffee if you think it’s too bitter. 11. We went to the forest to hunt(搜寻) for beautiful autumn leaves last weekend. 12. Our community (社区)holds a charity sale every year to help people in need. 13. My mom puts a biscuit(饼干) in my schoolbag every morning as a snack. 14. I need to pack(打包；收拾) up my clothes before going on a trip this weekend. 15. May I borrow(借) your English dictionary? I forgot mine at home. 16. My family and I watched a funny movie (电影)together last night. 2、 重点词汇变形(根据构词法猜测单词词性和词意，并选词填空) 1. pack / package / packer (1) A large package arrived yesterday. Is it yours ? (2) Norma Jones worked as a packer in a local factory. (3) He packed a bag with a few things and was off. 2. careful / care / careless / caring / carefully / carelessly / carelessness (1) Please read the notice carefully. (2) It is so careless of him to leave his homework at home again. (3) Books are our friends. Treat library books with care and respect. (4) Sandy often made mistakes because of carelessness. (5) Amy made many mistakes. She did her homework carelessly. (6) Put safety first and be careful while riding on the road. (7) Judy is kind and caring. She always helps others. (8) Your friends truly care about you. 3. add / addition / additional (1) She added some salt into the soup. (2) The question is whether people are willing to pay these additional costs. (3) In addition, she is good at talking with people. 4. dead / die / dying / death (1) Susan took the dying dog to the hospital. Luckily, the doctor saved it. (2) I got a call from Rick’s parents and learned of his death.  (3) She cleared away the dead leaves on the ground. (4) His cat died last week. He was so sad. 3、 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Sandy turned down Tom’s invitation(invite). 2. Because of the late arrival (arrive)of the train, I didn’t get there on time. 3. We plan to have (have) a picnic this Sunday. 4. With his gun and the rice, he can hunt for and grow his own food. 5. We like to go to the movies(movie) in our free time. 6. I cleaned the room and swept(sweep) the floor.  7. He won’t borrow money from his friends unless he really has to. 8. They always invited their elders to restaurants for a cup of tea and it is a traditional holiday activity. 9. He sorted the apples into big ones and small ones. 10. After hearing your words, I can't wait to see(see) it. 11. I bought something interesting for my brother. 12. When she comes back, she sees some children helping pack up the gifts. 13. She likes cooking because she thinks cooking makes her feel(feel) relaxed.  14. Today more and more students like going shopping(shop) on the Internet. 15. On weekends, I clean my room and the living (live) room . 4、 一词多义(写出词汇在下列句子中的中文意思) 1. lift (1) Judy’s uncle gave me a lift to the office.  (n.)搭便车；搭顺风车 (2) Adam pressed a button(按钮) and waited for the lift. (n.)电梯 (3) The little boy can lift the big box up. (v.) 举起 (4) His heart lifted at the sight(看见) of her. (v.) 高兴起来；振奋 2. note (1) You should take note in class and review them after school. (n.)笔记 (2) Jenny left a note on the table. (n.)便条 (3) She has a deep voice and doesn't even try for the high notes. (n.)音符 (4) Please note (that) the office will be closed on Monday. (v.)注意，留意 (5) The speaker noted that it was important to take up a hobby. (v.)指出 (6) He gave the girl a five-pound note. (n.)纸币 5、 单项填空 1. My phone is ________ , so I am so worried because I need to contact Mr. Lin. A．surprised B．dead C．careful D．ready 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的电话不运行了，所以我很担心，因为我需要联系林先生。。 考查形容词辨析。surprised惊讶的；dead不运行的；careful仔细的；ready准备好的。根据“ so I am so worried because I need to contact Mr. Lin”可知，手机应该出问题了，所以填dead表示“不运行的”。故选B。 2. —Can I ________ your dictionary? —Of course. But you mustn’t ________ it to others. A．borrow; borrow B．lend; lend C．lend; borrow D．borrow; lend 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我可以借你的字典吗？——当然。但你不能把它借给别人。 考查动词辨析。borrow借入；lend借出。根据“Can I…your dictionary”和“But you mustn’t…it to others.”可知，前一个是借入，使用borrow，后一个是借出，使用lend。故选D。 3. ________ we have enough money, we won’t buy any useless things. A．Since B．Until C．Although D．Unless 【答案】C 【详解】句意：虽然我们有足够的钱，但我们不会买任何无用的东西。 考查从属连词辨析。Since自从；Until直到……为止；Although尽管；Unless除非。根据“we have enough money”和“we won’t buy any useless things”可知，两者之间为让步关系，即虽然有足够的钱，但不会买任何无用的东西，要用Although引导让步状语从句。故选C。 4. —What are you doing, Uncle Wang? —I’m ________ old books and I’ll give them away to kids in West China. A．taking up B．sorting out C．putting on D．giving off 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——王叔叔，你在做什么？——我在整理旧书，我会把它们送给中国西部的孩子们。 考查动词短语。taking up开始从事，占据；sorting out整理；putting on穿上；giving off散发。根据空格后“old books and I’ll give them away to kids in West China.”可知，此处指的是“我”在整理旧书。故选B。 5. —What is the secret to your language learning? —I learn English well by ________. A．taking notes B．making mistakes C．taking action D．making money 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你学习语言的秘诀是什么？——我通过记笔记学好英语。 考查动词短语。taking notes记笔记；making mistakes犯错误；taking action采取行动；making money赚钱。根据“What is the secret to your language learning?”以及“I learn English well”可知，此处指学好英语的秘诀，应是记笔记。故选A。 6. — How long will you stay here? — I will stay here ________ next Monday. A．from B．for C．at D．until 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你会在这里待多久？——我会在这里待到下周一。 考查介词辨析。from从……；for为了；at在；until直到。根据题意可知，待在这直到下周一，连词until“直到”符合题意。故选D。 7. —I hope to be a volunteer on weekends. —You could help to ________ the city parks. A．cheer up B．make up C．pack up D．clean up 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我希望在周末成为一名志愿者。——你可以帮忙打扫城市公园。 考查动词短语辨析。cheer up（使）振作起来；make up构成；pack up打包；clean up打扫。根据“be a volunteer”及“the city parks”可知，作为志愿者帮忙打扫城市公园符合语境。故选D。 8. —Have you seen the film Detective Chinatown 1900 ______? —Yes. I have______ seen it with my friends. A．already; already B．yet; already C．yet; yet D．already; yet 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你看过电影《唐人街探案1900》了吗？——是的。我已经和我的朋友们一起看过了。 考查副词辨析。already已经，通常用于肯定句中，放在句中或句末；yet还，已经，通常用于否定句和疑问句中，放在句末。根据第一个空所在句为一般疑问句可知，此处应该用yet，表示“你看过这部电影了吗？”；根据第二个空所在句为肯定句可知，此处应该用already，表示“我已经看过了”。故选B。 9. —Did you enjoy yourself last weekend? —Yes. Lingling invited me ________ strawberries on her grandparents’ farm. A．picking B．picked C．pick D．to pick 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——上周末过得愉快吗？——是的。玲玲邀请了我去她爷爷奶奶的农场摘草莓。 考查非谓语动词。根据“Lingling invited me”可知，考查invite sb to do sth“邀请某人做某事”，为固定短语，因此需要填动词不定式“to pick”，故选D。 10. —What’s your ________ for this weekend, Kangkang? —If it doesn’t rain, I will have a picnic with my classmates. A．treasure B．station C．plan D．arrival 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——康康，你这个周末有什么计划？——如果不下雨，我会和我的同学去野餐。 考查名词时态。treasure宝物；station站；plan计划，打算；arrival到达。根据“If it doesn’t rain, I will have a picnic with my classmates.”可知，后文描述的是打算或计划，故填plan。故选C。 【重点短语练习】 1、 短语英汉互译 1. 打包 pack up 2. 打扫地板 sweep the floor 3. 喂鱼 feed the fish 4. 挂起；挂断电话 hang up 5. 给植物浇水 water plants 6. 出去闲逛 hang out 7. 种花 grow flowers 8. 邀请某人去(某地) invite sb. to... 9. 客厅 living room 10. 不得不，必须 have to 11. 你猜怎么着！ Guess what! 12. 向某人展示某物 show sb. sth. 13. 买某物给某人 bought sth. for sb. 14. 在...前面 in front of 15. 没问题 no problem 16. 在窗户旁边 by the window 17. 使某人感到宾至如归 make sb. feel at home 18. 把...加入... add sth to sth 19. 开车顺便送某人 give sb a lift/ride 20. 立刻，马上 at once 21. 当然 of course 22. 注意；当心 be careful with 23. 做笔记 take notes 24. 清扫 clean up 2、 选择短语填空(注意使用适当形式) treasure hunt；go shopping；hang out；at once；clean up take notes；be careful with；hang up；pack up；no problem 1. My dad told me to hang up the phone because it was time for dinner. 2. My mom usually takes me to go shopping for fruits every Saturday morning. 3. —Can you help me carry this box? —Sure, no problem! 4. He started to pack up his school books after the last class. 5. We need to clean up our classroom before we leave school. 6. Our class will have a fun treasure hunt in the park this weekend. 7. I like to hang out with my best friend after finishing homework. 8. When the teacher called his name, he stood up at once. 9. She uses a notebook to take notes in her English class. 10. You need to be careful with the sharp scissors(剪刀)—they might cut your fingers. 3、 翻译句子 1. 不要忘记加点牛奶在咖啡里。 Don’t forget to add some milk to the coffee. 2. 他们给我买了些有趣的东西，尽全力使我感到宾至如归。 They bought something interesting for me and tried their best to make me feel at home. 3. 我的好朋友邀请我放学后去看电影。 My friend invites me to see a movie after school. 4. 他们迫不及待想要去湖边露营。 They can’t wait to go camping by the lake. 5. 你能帮我把照片挂起来吗？ Could you please help me hang up the photos? 【重点语法练习】 情态动词can/could表请求许可 一、单项填空 1. —Could we read storybooks right now? —No, you ________. You must finish the work first. A．needn’t B．won’t C．mustn’t D．can’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我们可以马上读故事书吗？——不，你们不能。你们必须先完成工作。 考查情态动词辨析。needn’t没有必要；won’t不会；mustn’t禁止；can’t不能，不可以。Could we do sth?表示委婉提出请求，根据“No, you...You must finish the work first.”可知，后者拒绝了前者的请求。故选D。 2. —Lucy, ________ I use your textbook? I can’t find mine. —Of course. Here you are. A．must B．should C．need D．can 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——Lucy，我可以用你的课本吗？我找不到我的了。——当然可以。给你。 考查情态动词。must必须；should应该；need需要；can可以。根据“I can’t find mine.”和答语“Of course. Here you are.”可知，说话人因找不到自己的课本，想向Lucy借用，这是一个典型的请求对方许可的场景。英语中，请求许可最常用、最自然的表达是can，也可用更委婉的could；其他选项要么含义不符 (must, need)，要么焦点是寻求建议而非直接请求许可 (should)，因此都不符合此处表示“请求许可”的语境。故选D。 3. —________ I watch TV? —No. It’s too late. You ________ go to bed now. A．Can; must B．May; mustn’t C．Can; can’t D．Must; can’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我可以看电视吗？——不。太晚了。你现在必须上床睡觉了。 考查情态动词。Can可以；must必须；May可以；mustn’t禁止；can’t不可以。第一空，根据“... I watch TV?”可知，此处表示请求允许，排除D项；第二空，根据“No. It’s too late.”可知，答话人拒绝了对方的请求，所以此处指现在必须去睡觉，排除B项和C项。故选A。 4. —Mom, ________ I invite my friends to a party? —Sorry, you ________. You have a test on Monday. A．could; couldn’t B．can; needn’t C．could; can’t D．can; don’t have to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我可以邀请我的朋友来参加聚会吗？——对不起，你不能。你星期一有考试。 考查情态动词。could能，是can的过去式，可以表示请求，比can语气更委婉；couldn’t不能；can’t不能；needn’t不需要；don’t have to没必要。第一个空表示请求，用can或could；根据“Sorry, you .... You have a test on Monday.”可知，第二个空是否定回答，表示“不能”用can’t。故选C。 5. —Could I hang out with my friends after the movie? —________ A．Yes, I can. B．No, I can’t. C．Yes, but don’t come back too late. D．OK, but I want to watch one show first. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——电影结束后我可以和朋友出去玩吗？——可以，但是别回来太晚。 考查情景交际。Yes, I can.是的，我可以；No, I can’t.不，我不行；Yes, but don’t come back too late.是的，但是不要回来太晚；Ok, but I want to watch one show first.好的，但我想先看一场演出。根据“Could I hang out with my friends after the movie?”可知，允许对方出去，但不能太晚回家，故选C。 6. —My English is very poor. Can you help me with it this Saturday? —________. A．You’re right B．Good idea C．No problem D．Thank you 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我的英语很差。这个星期六你能帮我吗？——没问题。 考查情景交际。You’re right你是对的；Good idea好主意；No problem没问题；Thank you谢谢。根据问句“Can you help me with it this Saturday?”可知，上文是请求帮助，下文应该用No problem回答，意为“没问题”符合语境。故选C。 7. —Excuse me, can I take the seat? —________. It’s for the elderly only. A．You’d better not B．Of course C．Why not D．Never mind 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，我可以坐这个座位吗？——你最好不要。这是专为老年人准备的。 考查情景交际。You’d better not你最好不要；Of course当然；Why not为什么不呢；Never mind不要紧。根据“It’s for the elderly only.”可知，这个座位是专为老人准备的，因此此处应说最好不要坐。故选A。 8. —Jerry, could you tell me how to take a taxi through “Didi”? —________. A．Take it easy B．You are welcome C．Thank you D．Sure, I’d love to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——杰里，你可以告诉我如何通过“滴滴”打车吗？——当然，我愿意。 考查情景交际。Take it easy别紧张；You are welcome不用谢；Thank you谢谢你；Sure, I’d love to当然，我愿意。根据“Jerry, could you tell me how to take a taxi through ‘Didi’?”可知，对于对方的请求应表示愿意做还是不愿意做，故选D。 9. —Could you please help me look after my plants when I am away on business? —________! I will water them every day. A．Don’t mention it B．You don’t need to rush C．It takes time D．With pleasure 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你能在我出差的时候帮我照看一下我的植物吗？——乐意效劳！我每天都会给它们浇水。 考查交际用语。Don’t mention it没关系；You don’t need to rush你不需要着急；It takes time这需要时间；With pleasure乐意效劳。根据“Could you please...”可知，此处表示“礼貌请求”，由答句“I will water them every day”可知，对方可以帮忙浇花，此处使用With pleasure。故选D。 10. —Could I borrow your mirror, please? — ________. A．It doesn’t matter B．Of course you can C．Yes, I’d love to D．No, thank you 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——请问我能借一下镜子吗？——你当然可以。 考查情景交际。It doesn’t matter没关系；Of course you can你当然可以；Yes, I’d love to是的，我想要；No, thank you不，谢谢。根据“Could I borrow your mirror, please?”可知对于他人的请求，应该答应或者委婉拒绝，B选项符合。故选B。 二、选择方框内的情态动词填空。 can’t    could    must    have to 1．— you lend me some money? —Sure. How much do you need? 2．— you please clean the living room? —Sorry, I . I do my homework now. 3．The pianist play the piano very well when he was 7 years old. 4．—What about seeing a new film this evening? —I am afraid I , I finish my maths exercises this evening. 【答案】 1．Could 2． Could can’t must/have to 3．could 4． can’t must/have to 【解析】 1．句意：——你能借给我点钱吗？——当然。你需要多少钱？根据 “… you lend me some money?”可知，此处应用could表示请求，且句首单词首字母大写，故填Could。 3．句意：——你能打扫客厅吗？——对不起，我不能。我现在必须/不得不做作业。第一空应用 could表示请求，且句首单词首字母大写；第二空表示“不能”，应用can’t；第三空表示自己“必须/不得不”做作业，应用must/ have to。故填Could；can’t；must/have to。 4．句意：这位钢琴家7岁时钢琴就能弹得很好。根据“when he was 7 years old”可知，此处应用 could表示过去的能力。故填could。 4．句意：——今晚去看一部新电影怎么样？——恐怕不行。我今晚必须/不得不完成数学练习。根据“I am afraid I”可知第一空应用can’t，表示“不能”；第二空应用must/ have to表示“必须/不得不”完成数学练习。故填can’t；must/have to。 三、根据要求完成句子。 1. —________ you give me a hand? I can’t move the box by myself. —No problem.(填写合适的情态动词) 【答案】Can/Could 2. —Could I feed the monkeys in the zoo, Mum? —No, you ________. It’s not good for them.(填写合适的情态动词) 【答案】can’t 3. Could you please ________ (not talk) loudly here? Emma is sleeping.(用适当形式填空) 【答案】not talk 4. —Could you please sweep the floor? — ________. I am looking after my sister.(填写合适的答语) 【答案】Sorry, I can’t. (答案不唯一) 5. —Can you show me your smart-phone? —________ Here you are.(填写合适的答语) 【答案】Of course. (答案不唯一) 6. —Could I invite my friends to my birthday party on Saturday, Mom? — . That sounds fun.(填写合适的答语) 【答案】Of course/Sure/Yes (答案不唯一) 7. 妈妈想让你帮忙倒一下垃圾。她可以这样跟你说： ? 【答案】Could you please take out the rubbish 8. 你想搭乘对方的便车去机场，可以这样问： ? 【答案】Could you please give me a ride to the airport? 9. —Could I borrow your bike? — . I’m going to ride it to work.(填写合适的答语) 【答案】Sorry, you can’t/ Sorry, I’m afraid not. (答案不唯一) 10. Could you please sweep the floor? , I . I have to finish my homework first.(据情景，礼貌回答） 【答案】 Sorry can’t 【重点句型练习】 一、单项填空 1. —Could I go swimming with my friends this afternoon? —Sorry, ________. It’s dangerous ________ on your own. A．you couldn’t; swimming B．you can’t; to swim C．you shouldn’t; swimming D．you needn’t; swim 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——今天下午我可以和朋友们去游泳吗？——抱歉，你不能去。独自游泳很危险。 考查情态动词和非谓语动词。根据“Could I go swimming with my friends this afternoon?”可知，这里的“could”表示委婉请求，其肯定回答常用“Yes, you can.”，否定回答常用“No, you can’t.”。故一空应用you can’t；根据“It’s dangerous...on your own.”可知，此处为“It’s+形容词+to do sth.”的句型，意为“做某事是……的”，此处应用动词不定式作真正的主语。故选B。 2. — I often have hamburgers for lunch. — You’d better not. It’s bad for you ________ too much junk food. A．eat B．eating C．to eat D．ate 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我午餐经常吃汉堡包。——你最好不要。吃太多垃圾食品对你有害。 考查非谓语动词。eat吃，动词原形；eating吃，动名词或现在分词形式；to eat吃，动词不定式；ate吃，过去式。根据句子结构可知，该句中使用了句型“It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”“对于某人来说做某事是……的”，应用动词不定式作真正的主语。故选C。 3. Usually,_________is difficult_________baby pandas to live in the wild. A．that;for B．that;of C．it;for D．it;of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：对于小熊猫来说，生活在野外经常是很困难的。根据句型It is+形容词+for sb to do sth对于某人来说，做某事是……；句型It is+形容词+of sb to do sth 某人做某事，某人是……；it是形式主语，to do sth是真正主语。此处表示生活在野外对于小熊猫是困难的，故用介词for，故选C。 4. Lao She Teahouse in Beijing shows ________ Beijing Opera every day. A．we B．ours C．our D．us 【答案】D 【详解】句意：北京老舍茶馆每天都给我们展示京剧。 考查代词辨析。we我们，主格；ours我们的，名词性物主代词；our我们的，形容词性物主代词；us我们，宾格。根据show sb. sth.“向某人展示某物”可知，动词后应用宾格代词。故选D。 5. — Charlotte, would you like to go to Disneyland with us tomorrow? — I’d love to, ________ I am not free. I ________ to Hong Kong tomorrow. A．and; am going to fly B．because; will fly C．but; am flying D．but; fly 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——夏洛特，你明天愿意和我们一起去迪士尼乐园吗？——我很想去，但是我没空。我明天要飞去香港。 考查连词的用法以及一般将来时的表达。and和，并且；because因为；but但是；am going to fly to打算飞往；will fly to将要飞往；am flying to将要飞往。 第一空，“I’d love to”（我很想去）与“I am not free”（我没空）之间是转折关系，需要用“but”连接；第二空，“tomorrow”表明是将来的动作，“fly”是表示位置移动的动词，“am flying”可以表示将来计划要做的事。故选C。 6. —Dick, please tell me when your parents ________. —OK. I’ll tell you when they ________. A．are leaving; are leaving B．leave; leave C．are leaving; leave D．leave; are leaving 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Dick，当你的父母准备离开的时候请告诉我一声。——好的。当他们走的时候我会告诉你的。 考查动词时态。根据“please tell me when your parents”可知，第一空考查的是现在进行时表示即将发生的事情；第二空为时间状语从句，从句使用一般现在时，主语是“they”，动词填原形。故选C。 二、教材原句回译与仿写 1. 你能给植物浇水吗？ · 回译：Can/Could you please water the plants? · 解析：我们常用“Can/Could you+动词原型+其他？”句型发出请求，could比can更加委婉，为了表示更加礼貌，还可以加上please。 · 仿写： 你能帮我倒下垃圾吗？ Could/ Can you please help me take out the rubbish? 2. 午饭后，我能和我的朋友出去闲逛吗？ · 回译：Could I hang out with my friends after lunch? · 解析：我们常用“Can/Could I+动词原型+其他？”句型表示获得允许，could比can更加委婉。 · 仿写： 我能把这些照片放在抽屉里吗？ Can/Could I put the photos in the drawer? 3. 你正拿着一个大盒子。很难打开门。 · 回译：You are holding a large box. It is difficult to open the door. · 解析：本句是It is(not) + adj.+ to do ... 句型，表示“做某事(不)是...样的”，其中it代替后面的不定式作形式主语。在形容词后还可以加入of sb.或for sb.变成以下结构： It is(not) + adj.+of sb. to do...某人做某事是...样的(此时adj.用来形容人物的) It is(not) + adj.+for sb. to do...对某人来说，做某事是...样的(此时adj.用来形容事物的) · 仿写： (1) 你犯了这么多错误，真是太粗心了。 It was careless of you to make so many mistakes. (2) 对于学生而言，经常锻炼是很重要的。 It is very important for students to exercise regularly. 4. 我迫不及待地想带他们看看我们的新房子。 · 回译：I can’t wait to show them our new house. · 解析：此句中show them our new house是一个双宾语结构，them是间接宾语，our new house是直接宾语。 双宾语是动词后有两个宾语的结构，一般间接宾语(通常是人)在前，直接宾语(通常是物)在后。 · 仿写： (1) 你能把你的词典借给我吗？ Could you please lend me your dictionary? (2) 你给你的爸爸买了什么特别的东西吗？ Did you buy your dad anything special ? 5. 爷爷奶奶这个周末要来看我们。 · 回译：Grandpa and Grandma are visiting us this weekend. · 解析：此句中are visiting表示“将要拜访”。一些表示位移的动词，如go,come,arrive,fly,drive,travel,move等常用be doing结构可以用于表示将来，句中通常有表示将来时间的状语。 · 仿写： 他明天离开去天津。 He’s leaving for Tianjin tomorrow. ( 第 1 页 共 15 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Home Sweet Home单元基础知识全方位精练(Section A) 【重点单词练习】 1、 根据中文或首字母提示填写单词 1. My dad helped me (举起) the heavy box onto the shelf. 2. I wrote a (笔记) to remind myself to buy milk after school. 3. Please throw the empty bottle into the (垃圾) bin over there. 4. We (打算) to visit the science museum this Saturday afternoon. 5. My little sister always washes her hands in the (洗手间)after playing outside. 6. Lily wants to (邀请) her best friend to her birthday party next Sunday. 7. The old photo album is a precious (宝物) for my family. 8. We prepared a big meal for our grandparents to welcome their (到达). 9. The clock on the wall is (不运行的)—it stopped working yesterday. 10. You can (添加) a little sugar to the coffee if you think it’s too bitter. 11. We went to the forest to (搜寻) for beautiful autumn leaves last weekend. 12. Our (社区)holds a charity sale every year to help people in need. 13. My mom puts a (饼干) in my schoolbag every morning as a snack. 14. I need to (打包；收拾) up my clothes before going on a trip this weekend. 15. May I (借) your English dictionary? I forgot mine at home. 16. My family and I watched a funny (电影)together last night. 2、 重点词汇变形(根据构词法猜测单词词性和词意，并选词填空) 1. pack / package / packer (1) A large arrived yesterday. Is it yours ? (2) Norma Jones worked as a in a local factory. (3) He a bag with a few things and was off. 2. careful / care / careless / caring / carefully / carelessly / carelessness (1) Please read the notice . (2) It is so of him to leave his homework at home again. (3) Books are our friends. Treat library books with and respect. (4) Sandy often made mistakes because of  . (5) Amy made many mistakes. She did her homework . (6) Put safety first and be while riding on the road. (7) Judy is kind and . She always helps others. (8) Your friends truly about you. 3. add / addition / additional (1) She some salt into the soup. (2) The question is whether people are willing to pay these costs. (3) In , she is good at talking with people. 4. dead / die / dying / death (1) Susan took the dog to the hospital. Luckily, the doctor saved it. (2) I got a call from Rick’s parents and learned of his .  (3) She cleared away the leaves on the ground. (4) His cat last week. He was so sad. 3、 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Sandy turned down Tom’s (invite). 2. Because of the late (arrive)of the train, I didn’t get there on time. 3. We plan (have) a picnic this Sunday. 4. With his gun and the rice, he can hunt and grow his own food. 5. We like to go to the (movie) in our free time. 6. I cleaned the room and (sweep) the floor.  7. He won’t borrow money his friends unless he really has to. 8. They always invited their elders restaurants for a cup of tea and it is a traditional holiday activity. 9. He sorted the apples big ones and small ones. 10. After hearing your words, I can't wait (see) it. 11. I bought something interesting my brother. 12. When she comes back, she sees some children helping pack the gifts. 13. She likes cooking because she thinks cooking makes her (feel) relaxed.  14. Today more and more students like going (shop) on the Internet. 15. On weekends, I clean my room and the (live) room . 4、 一词多义(写出词汇在下列句子中的中文意思) 1. lift (1) Judy’s uncle gave me a lift to the office. (2) Adam pressed a button(按钮) and waited for the lift. (3) The little boy can lift the big box up. (4) His heart lifted at the sight(看见) of her. 2. note (1) You should take note in class and review them after school. (2) Jenny left a note on the table. (3) She has a deep voice and doesn't even try for the high notes. (4) Please note (that) the office will be closed on Monday. (5) The speaker noted that it was important to take up a hobby. (6) He gave the girl a five-pound note. 5、 单项填空 1. My phone is ________ , so I am so worried because I need to contact Mr. Lin. A．surprised B．dead C．careful D．ready 2. —Can I ________ your dictionary? —Of course. But you mustn’t ________ it to others. A．borrow; borrow B．lend; lend C．lend; borrow D．borrow; lend 3. ________ we have enough money, we won’t buy any useless things. A．Since B．Until C．Although D．Unless 4. —What are you doing, Uncle Wang? —I’m ________ old books and I’ll give them away to kids in West China. A．taking up B．sorting out C．putting on D．giving off 5. —What is the secret to your language learning? —I learn English well by ________. A．taking notes B．making mistakes C．taking action D．making money 6. — How long will you stay here? — I will stay here ________ next Monday. A．from B．for C．at D．until 7. —I hope to be a volunteer on weekends. —You could help to ________ the city parks. A．cheer up B．make up C．pack up D．clean up 8. —Have you seen the film Detective Chinatown 1900 ______? —Yes. I have______ seen it with my friends. A．already; already B．yet; already C．yet; yet D．already; yet 9. —Did you enjoy yourself last weekend? —Yes. Lingling invited me ________ strawberries on her grandparents’ farm. A．picking B．picked C．pick D．to pick 10. —What’s your ________ for this weekend, Kangkang? —If it doesn’t rain, I will have a picnic with my classmates. A．treasure B．station C．plan D．arrival 【重点短语练习】 1、 短语英汉互译 1. 打包 2. 打扫地板 3. 喂鱼 4. 挂起；挂断电话 5. 给植物浇水 6. 出去闲逛 7. 种花 8. 邀请某人去(某地) 9. 客厅 10. 不得不，必须 11. 你猜怎么着！ 12. 向某人展示某物 13. 买某物给某人 14. 在...前面 15. 没问题 16. 在窗户旁边 17. 使某人感到宾至如归 18. 把...加入... 19. 开车顺便送某人 20. 立刻，马上 21. 当然 22. 注意；当心 23. 做笔记 24. 清扫 2、 选择短语填空(注意使用适当形式) treasure hunt；go shopping；hang out；at once；clean up take notes；be careful with；hang up；pack up；no problem 1. My dad told me to the phone because it was time for dinner. 2. My mom usually takes me to for fruits every Saturday morning. 3. —Can you help me carry this box? —Sure, ! 4. He started to his school books after the last class. 5. We need to our classroom before we leave school. 6. Our class will have a fun in the park this weekend. 7. I like to with my best friend after finishing homework. 8. When the teacher called his name, he stood up . 9. She uses a notebook to in her English class. 10. You need to the sharp scissors(剪刀)—they might cut your fingers. 3、 翻译句子 1. 不要忘记加点牛奶在咖啡里。 2. 他们给我买了些有趣的东西，尽全力使我感到宾至如归。 3. 我的好朋友邀请我放学后去看电影。 4. 他们迫不及待想要去湖边露营。 5. 你能帮我把照片挂起来吗？ 【重点语法练习】 情态动词can/could表请求许可 一、单项填空 1. —Could we read storybooks right now? —No, you ________. You must finish the work first. A．needn’t B．won’t C．mustn’t D．can’t 2. —Lucy, ________ I use your textbook? I can’t find mine. —Of course. Here you are. A．must B．should C．need D．can 3. —________ I watch TV? —No. It’s too late. You ________ go to bed now. A．Can; must B．May; mustn’t C．Can; can’t D．Must; can’t 4. —Mom, ________ I invite my friends to a party? —Sorry, you ________. You have a test on Monday. A．could; couldn’t B．can; needn’t C．could; can’t D．can; don’t have to 5. —Could I hang out with my friends after the movie? —________ A．Yes, I can. B．No, I can’t. C．Yes, but don’t come back too late. D．OK, but I want to watch one show first. 6. —My English is very poor. Can you help me with it this Saturday? —________. A．You’re right B．Good idea C．No problem D．Thank you 7. —Excuse me, can I take the seat? —________. It’s for the elderly only. A．You’d better not B．Of course C．Why not D．Never mind 8. —Jerry, could you tell me how to take a taxi through “Didi”? —________. A．Take it easy B．You are welcome C．Thank you D．Sure, I’d love to 9. —Could you please help me look after my plants when I am away on business? —________! I will water them every day. A．Don’t mention it B．You don’t need to rush C．It takes time D．With pleasure 10. —Could I borrow your mirror, please? — ________. A．It doesn’t matter B．Of course you can C．Yes, I’d love to D．No, thank you 二、选择方框内的情态动词填空。 can’t    could    must    have to 1．— you lend me some money? —Sure. How much do you need? 2．— you please clean the living room? —Sorry, I . I do my homework now. 3．The pianist play the piano very well when he was 7 years old. 4．—What about seeing a new film this evening? —I am afraid I , I finish my maths exercises this evening. 三、根据要求完成句子。 1. —________ you give me a hand? I can’t move the box by myself. —No problem.(填写合适的情态动词) 2. —Could I feed the monkeys in the zoo, Mum? —No, you ________. It’s not good for them.(填写合适的情态动词) 3. Could you please ________ (not talk) loudly here? Emma is sleeping.(用适当形式填空) 4. —Could you please sweep the floor? — ________. I am looking after my sister.(填写合适的答语) 5. —Can you show me your smart-phone? —________ Here you are.(填写合适的答语) 6. —Could I invite my friends to my birthday party on Saturday, Mom? — . That sounds fun.(填写合适的答语) 7. 妈妈想让你帮忙倒一下垃圾。她可以这样跟你说： ? 8. 你想搭乘对方的便车去机场，可以这样问： ? 9. —Could I borrow your bike? — . I’m going to ride it to work.(填写合适的答语) 10. Could you please sweep the floor? , I . I have to finish my homework first.(据情景，礼貌回答） 【重点句型练习】 一、单项填空 1. —Could I go swimming with my friends this afternoon? —Sorry, ________. It’s dangerous ________ on your own. A．you couldn’t; swimming B．you can’t; to swim C．you shouldn’t; swimming D．you needn’t; swim 2. — I often have hamburgers for lunch. — You’d better not. It’s bad for you ________ too much junk food. A．eat B．eating C．to eat D．ate 3. Usually,_________is difficult_________baby pandas to live in the wild. A．that;for B．that;of C．it;for D．it;of 4. Lao She Teahouse in Beijing shows ________ Beijing Opera every day. A．we B．ours C．our D．us 5. — Charlotte, would you like to go to Disneyland with us tomorrow? — I’d love to, ________ I am not free. I ________ to Hong Kong tomorrow. A．and; am going to fly B．because; will fly C．but; am flying D．but; fly 6. —Dick, please tell me when your parents ________. —OK. I’ll tell you when they ________. A．are leaving; are leaving B．leave; leave C．are leaving; leave D．leave; are leaving 二、教材原句回译与仿写 1. 你能给植物浇水吗？ · 回译： · 解析：我们常用“Can/Could you+动词原型+其他？”句型发出请求，could比can更加委婉，为了表示更加礼貌，还可以加上please。 · 仿写： 你能帮我倒下垃圾吗？ 2. 午饭后，我能和我的朋友出去闲逛吗？ · 回译： · 解析：我们常用“Can/Could I+动词原型+其他？”句型表示获得允许，could比can更加委婉。 · 仿写： 我能把这些照片放在抽屉里吗？ 3. 你正拿着一个大盒子。很难打开门。 · 回译：You are holding a large box. · 解析：本句是It is(not) + adj.+ to do ... 句型，表示“做某事(不)是...样的”，其中it代替后面的不定式作形式主语。在形容词后还可以加入of sb.或for sb.变成以下结构： It is(not) + adj.+of sb. to do...某人做某事是...样的(此时adj.用来形容人物的) It is(not) + adj.+for sb. to do...对某人来说，做某事是...样的(此时adj.用来形容事物的) · 仿写： (1) 你犯了这么多错误，真是太粗心了。 (2) 对于学生而言，经常锻炼是很重要的。 4. 我迫不及待地想带他们看看我们的新房子。 · 回译： · 解析：此句中show them our new house是一个双宾语结构，them是间接宾语，our new house是直接宾语。 双宾语是动词后有两个宾语的结构，一般间接宾语(通常是人)在前，直接宾语(通常是物)在后。 · 仿写： (1) 你能把你的词典借给我吗？ (2) 你给你的爸爸买了什么特别的东西吗？ 5. 爷爷奶奶这个周末要来看我们。 · 回译：Grandpa and Grandma are visiting us this weekend. · 解析：此句中are visiting表示“将要拜访”。一些表示位移的动词，如go,come,arrive,fly,drive,travel,move等常用be doing结构可以用于表示将来，句中通常有表示将来时间的状语。 · 仿写： 他明天离开去天津。 ( 第 1 页 共 15 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $