第4单元 地球探秘 单元培优·情境卷-【一本】2025-2026学年高中英语必修上册周末小测卷

2025-10-20
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一本高中英语周未小测卷 Unit 4 单元培优·情境卷 主题情境:地球探秘 ⊙时间:75分钟 总分:87.5分8得分: ☑答案:P22 阅读(32.5分) 第一节(共8小题;每小题2.5分,满分20分) 弥 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最 佳选项。 p The Arctic trip with Quark Expeditions is an amazing experience,and I am thankful for it.However,it also makes me realise our presence here sounds pointless in this great setting,like we are visitors from another world. Our 10-day journey explored the Svalbard islands in northern Norway.At our farthest point,the North Pole was still 600 miles away,but I had never been so far north.It felt like we were at the top of the world. The story of humans in the Norwegian Arctic is all about looting(掠夺)the natural world for fur,coal and other I resources().The first recorded visit was by Dutch sailor 封 Willem Barentsz in June 1596,searching for a northeast passage to China.History presenter Federico Gargiulo explained that this discovery put the Arctic on the map.That attracted people to come and try to take those resources. Today,there are environmental controls on visiting this area. On our first day,we watched videos that laid down the law:Do not touch or take anything,and stay with your armed guide for protection from polar bears.We also washed our shoes and feet before boarding or leaving the ship to make the land free of 蜜 pollution. Tourists pay a lot and travel far to see Arctic wildlife.On our last night,we finally got a close-up of a polar bear.Everyone rushed to the decks()with cameras.We saw the bear swimming towards us,and as it got closer,we could make out its 线 black eyes and rounded ears. Quark Expeditions'guides are experienced in different fields I learnt a lot from them.The guide Austin Hart's words impressed me:"It's not much of a human planet.Dinosaurs were around for 180 million years.I don't know if humans have that long."As I stood among ice and snowy mountains,this made me feel 茶 unbelievably small. 1.How does the author feel after the journey? A.Our presence fits in with the planet. B.It's too cold on the Svalbard islands. C.Human beings are tiny in this world. D.We must stop using natural resources. 2.Why did Willem Barentsz come to the Norwegian Arctic? A.To draw a map of Norway. B.To find a northeast path to China. C.To explore the local history. D.To search for a passage to Holland. 3.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A.Strict rules on visiting the Arctic. B.The rising number of tourists. C.The measures to protect wildlife. D.Useful tips on watching birds. 4.Where is this text probably taken from? A.A history book. B.A news report. C.A research paper. D.A travel magazine. B Every year,travelers head to South America to be amazed at the huge ice sheets,huge open skies and high mountains.But at Omora Ethnobotanical Park on Tierra del Fuego,visitors are encouraged to think small. Tierra del Fuego,a faraway island at the tip of South America,might offer little in terms of animals and trees,but when it comes to bryophytes(苔藓植物),it is among the richest corners of the planet.In the area that covers less than 0.01%of the earth's land surface,more than 5%of the world's bryophyte species is found. On entering the park,you're given a magnifying lens( )Guided by plant experts,you are invited to get down on your hands and knees to explore the little-known world of Tierra del Fuego's“miniature forests'”一the bryophytes that cover the rocks and trees.Focus is key:As you walk through the park,it is easy to miss or even step on them. I wondered how interesting bryophytes could be.But when I got up close,they started to come to life.Shapes and colours that could not be seen without tools appeared.One plant was bright yellow,while another was green with a bright red tip like a little hat. One of the strangest plants is Old Man's Beard,which looks like thin noodles and hangs off the trees in webs.According to my guide Lily Lewis,it plays an important role in the growth of the forest,getting nutrients(营养物)and salts blown in on the ocean wind. Old Man's Beard is vulnerable to pollution,and has all but disappeared across much of the planet.But in Tierra del Fuego, where the air and rain are among the cleanest on the planet,it grows wildly. 必修(上) "The magnifying lens is your doorway to the small and tiny world,"Lewis said."Looking through a lens reminds you that there are other viewpoints from which we can see the world." 5.Which title best describes Tierra del Fuego? A.A faraway land with different views B.A unique place for uncommon species C.A wonderland for small and tiny plants D.A popular destination for hiking lovers 6.What quality is highly valued while exploring Omora Ethnobotanical Park? A.Curiosity and creativity.B.Quickness and confidence. C.Determination and courage.D.Calmness and carefulness. 7.Which can best replace the underlined phrase "is vulnerable to”? A.Is quickly adaptable to. B.Is easily damaged by. C.Is extremely helpful for. D.Is closely connected with. 8.What is the best title for the text? A.Meet with Old Man's Beard B.Eco-tourism in Tierra del Fuego C.Start Your Journey of Discovery D.A Tiny Forest on the Tip of the World 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Travelling can be a good way to get life experiences. 9. Don't worry.Here are some useful suggestions. Plan ahead This is probably the most important preparation for travelling. Don't wait until the last minute to plan your trip,or you will have to spend more on tickets.10. Make a plan and you can save much in this way. Find useful information 11. Also,the Internet can help you save money. You can find some useful websites like www.Travelcity.com and www.Economytravel.com. Travel in groups Find someone who is interested in visiting the same places.By travelling with others,you can share costs and experiences. 12. Well-known places may be expensive and too crowded.You may want to think over your trip and go to a less-known place. Smaller towns still have many interesting activities and sights.You can learn about lots of local customs too. Pack necessary things The most important things to take are not always clothes. 13. Snacks are also necessary because they can save you much money when you can not find a cheap restaurant. ·23· 一本高中英语周末小测卷 By planning carefully,you can not only enjoy travelling but also save lots of money.You will remember your travel experiences all your life. A.Go to a less-known place. B.Watch out for potential dangers. C.Get a good rest before you travel the next day. D.Remember to bring medicine because you may get sick. E.Write down how much you expect to spend on food and hotels. F.Travel books will offer information about the cheapest hotels and restaurants. G.But what will you do if you're a student and don't have enough money for a trip? 语言运用(30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最 佳选项。 A 60-year-old man and 48-year-old woman didn't know what would happen to them before their sailing(). They are 14 sailors and set out for the sea as usual happily on Monday morning.But in the afternoon,the wind picked up and the 19 m large boat 15 up and ran into 16 because it hit something 17.Unluckily,the boat began 18 water. It was about 130 nautical miles()southeast of Sydney and 250 km offshore of Ulladulla then.They sent out a 19 for help but with no answer.The waves and wind became too 20 to face too.The sailors tried every possible 21 they could think of to deal with the running-in seawater.Finally,they found the 22.But they had to 23 wild waves and strong winds overnight. They tried to ask for help at the same time and 24 the rescue()until morning-by which time the boat had run 300 km further away from the coast.However,the 25 were not able to 26 the pair until Tuesday because of the dangerous conditions. The pair were safely rescued 27 after facing wild wind and dangerous waves for more than 18 hours.It is really an amazing story of 28. 14.A.expert B.outgoing C.suitable D.graceful 15.A.set B.sped C.packed D.signed 16.A.movement B.source C.view D.trouble 17.A.accidentally B.obviously C.finally D.actually 18.A.focusing on B.checking in C.working out D.taking in ●24· 19.A.responsibility B.decision C.track D.request 20.A.normal B.powerful C.annoying D.cold 21.A.suggestion B.object C.strategy D.organisation 22.A.solution B.schedule C.application D.event 23.A.brave B.compare C.connect D.control 24.A.designed B.improved C.contacted D.attracted 25.A.juniors B.hikers C.joggers D.rescuers 26.A.choose B.amaze C.reach D.follow 27.A.stressed B.uninjured C.confused D.advanced 28.A.personality B.survival C.sight D.arrangement 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的 正确形式。 新素材六旬老人的长城守护情The moment Yang Junfeng sat down to tell his experiences of the Great Wall to those people,his eyes lit up and a childlike smile spread across his face.Although grey hairs have covered all over his head,the man in his 29. sixty)is full of strength and energy,30. a result of his years of outdoor activities. He talked much about the Great Wall 31. patient) during the opening ceremony in early July at a Great Wall-themed tourist programme in Daixian County,Xinzhou City,Shanxi Province. "There's a watchtower which 32. build)in the Ming Dynasty(1368-1644)and you can also find a stone where there are 33. number of traffic marks,"Yang said about the features()of the Yanmen Pass in Xinzhou.The Yanmen Pass is an important section of the Great Wall that 34. (run)more than 20,000 kilometres in the northern part of the country.35. protect)their countries,the ancient emperors()came up with the idea of building the Great Wall. The Great Wall remains spread all over China.There are 4,266 points 36. many parts of the Great Wall from various dynasties in Shanxi,totaling about 1,400 kilometres. Having spent more than thirty years 37. (walk)to almost all of those parts of the Great Wall in Xinzhou and recording 38. value)pictures with his camera,Yang has come to know the famous building like the back of his hand. 写作(25分) 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语 续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Their forest hike was going to divide into two routes at some point.The more experience scouts were 必修(上) supposed to go with Mr Bennett,their team's leader.The newer scouts were going with Jackson,a college student who volunteered to help Mr Bennett as he had been part of their team years ago. However,Jamie wanted to prove his bravery.He went up to Mr Bennett,who agreed to have him join.Carter saw his actions and decided to go the dangerous route.Soon,they separated and started working on what they had learnt. "Guys,follow me closely here.Several half-trails here might confuse you,but they are much harsher paths where people get easily lost,"Mr Bennett warned,and all the boys nodded. Unfortunately,Jamie and Carter waited for Mr Bennett to get distracted and took one of the other trails.A few minutes after losing the troop,Carter said,"I'm going back.This is stupid." Jamie called out jokingly and continued walking.He was determined to finish the trail,which had to connect with the others at some point.It didn't.The trail ended at some point,and there was nothing around.Jamie was in the middle of the forest,lost, hungry,and scared.Hours passed.It was almost nightfall,and the hike was supposed to end earlier.He took out his phone to call for help.However,he was so deep in the forest that there was no signal.A drop fell on his phone,and he realised it was about to pour rain.Jamie looked around,remembering what they had been taught about shelter,safety,and warmth.But there was nothing he could use until he ran further and spotted a door in the middle of the forest.He went inside,going down three steps and turning on his phone flashlight to see in the dark.He found a light switch, which worked.A man came down and closed the door behind him. Thinking it was a wild bear,Jamie was about to scream when the man rushed forward and covered his mouth. 注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1: "You should never leave a door open like that,"the man said. 线 Paragraph 2: “Police!Open up!”a male voice called.术以减轻旅行负担,包亚伟是其中之一。空处在句中作 后置定语,其与逻辑主语users构成主动关系,故用现在 分词形式。 45.which考查定语从句。句意:Visiotrip是一家旅游科技 公司,于2021年在北京成立,正在将人工智能与旅游服 务相结合。空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 Visiotrip,先行词在从句中作主语,指物,故用关系代词 which引导。 46.impressive考查形容词。句意:“Emily”根据用户的兴 趣设计旅行,并提供令人称赞的服务,覆盖国内外十多个 目的地。空处应用形容词impressive“令人称赞的”作定 语修饰名词services。 47.to考查介词。句意:未来,把人工智能技术应用于旅游 服务是不可阻挡的趋势。apply sth.to sth.为固定短语, 意为“把…应用于…”。 48.requires考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:然而,如何 更有效地满足用户的需求仍然需要时间和努力。此处陈 述客观事实,应用一般现在时,且主语为“how+不定式”, 谓语动词须用单数形式。 ·词汇积累 必背词汇 superhero n.超级英雄 resident n.居民 personalised ad.个性化的 destination n.目的地 unstoppable adj.不可阻挡的must-visit spots必游 景点 ·难句秒懂 原句:Visiotrip,a tourism tech company,which was started in 主语 同位语 定语从句 2021 in Beijing,is combining AI with travel services. 谓语 译文:Visiotrip是一家旅游科技公司,于2021年在北京成立, 正在将人工智能与旅游服务相结合。 B 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了一项研究结果:旅 游不仅让人放松,还有助于身心健康和延缓衰老。 49.tips考查名词复数。句意:澳大利亚伊迪斯·科文大学 最近的一项研究发现,去旅游可以让我们看起来和感觉 上更年轻。go on trips为固定短语,意为“去旅游”。 50.experiencing考查非谓语动词。句意:研究人员认为, 经历新事物和认识不同的人会让我们随着年龄的增长保 持年轻。根据下文中的and meeting可知,空处应该用动 名词experiencing,和meeting并列作主语。 51.who考查定语从句。句意:该研究的第一作者胡方丽 说,“旅游不仅仅是为了好玩;它还可以改善我们的身心 健康。”空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Hu Fangli,从句中缺少主语,空处应该用关系代词who代替 先行词,在从句中作主语。 47 52.for考查介词。句意:同上。for fun“为了好玩”是固定 短语。 53.be stopped考查被动语态。句意:胡女士补充说,“作为 一个自然过程,衰老无法被阻止,但可以被延缓。”空处是 谓语动词,根据空前的can't可知,应该用动词原形;动词 stop和主语ageing之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。 54.and考查连词。句意:这项研究调查了旅游如何延缓衰 老,表明度假、背包旅行和观光可以帮助我们减轻压力。 vacations、backpacking和sightseeing是并列关系,应该用 连词and。 55.includes考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:胡女士说, “旅游通常包括徒步旅行、爬山和骑自行车等体育活动, 这些活动可以缓解肌肉和关节紧张。”空处是谓语动词, 描述客观事实,故用一般现在时,主语是travelling,谓语 动词用第三人称单数形式。 56.ability考查名词。句意:她指出,这些活动可能支撑免 疫系统,提高我们身体抵御疾病的能力。根据空前的动 词improve可知,空处应该用名词ability作宾语。 57.better考查形容词比较级。句意:研究人员表示,在帮 助我们保持年轻和健康方面,旅游可能比抗衰老面霜更 好。根据空后的than可知,空处应该用形容词比较级 better作表语。 58.simply考查副词。句意:所以,与其简单地依赖美容产 品,不如考虑参观新的地方改善你的健康福祉。修饰空 后的动词短语depending on,应该用副词simply作状语。 Unit④单元培优·情境卷 主题情境:地球探秘 阅读 第一节 A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者随Quak Expeditions前往北极旅行的经历。 :·篇章脉络 第1段:北极之行令作者感恩,叹人类于天地何其渺小。 第2段:十日探访Svalbard群岛,未至极点却似立世界 之巅。 第3段:1596年荷兰水手寻道而来,此后众人掠夺北极 资源。 第4段:今访北极管控严格,首日观看视频学习规定、洗鞋 和脚以防止污染等。 第5段:旅程末晚遇北极熊,游客争相拍照留珍贵影像。 第6段:从导游的专业话语中,作者更觉人类于世何其微。 1.C细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“As I stood among ice and snowy mountains,this made me feel unbelievably small.”可知,作者在这次旅行后感觉人类在这个世界上很 渺小。 题干含义:旅行之后作者有怎样的感受? 选项含义:A.我们的存在与地球相适应。B.Svalbard群岛 。难句秒懂 太冷了。C.人类在这个世界上很渺小。D.我们必须停止 原句:However,it also makes me realise our presence here 使用自然资源。 状语 主句 宾语从句 2.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The first recorded visit sounds pointless in this great setting,like we are visitors from was by Dutch sailor Willem Barentsz in June 1596,searching 方式状语从句 another world. for a northeast passage to China.”可知,Willem Barentsz来 挪威北极是为了找到一条通往中国的东北通道。 题干含义:Willem Barentsz为什么来到挪威北极? 译文:然而,这也让我意识到,在这宏大的环境中,我们的存在 选项含义:A.绘制挪威地图。B.寻找通往中国的东北通 似乎毫无意义,就像我们是来自另一个世界的访客。 道。C.探索当地历史。D.寻找通往荷兰的通道。 8 3.A主旨大意题。根据第四段“Today,there are 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Omora environmental controls on visiting this area.On our first day, Ethnobotanical公园苔藓植物的丰富与独特。 we watched videos that laid down the law:Do not touch or ·篇章脉络 take anything,and stay with your armed guide for protection 第1段:开篇指出人们常因南美洲的壮观景色前往,而在 from polar bears.We also washed our shoes and feet before Tierra del Fuego的Omora Ethnobotanical公园,游客须关 boarding or leaving the ship to make the land free of 注微小事物。 pollution..(今天,对参观这个地区有环境控制。第一天,我 第2段:说明Tierra del Fuego动物和树木稀少,但苔藓植 们看了一些制定法律的视频:不要碰或拿任何东西,为了 物资源极为丰富。 保护自已免受北极熊的伤害,要和你的武装向导待在一 第3段:讲述入园获得放大镜,在专家指导下探索Tierra 起。我们在登船或下船前也洗了鞋子和脚,使陆地免受污 del Fuego“微型森林”里的苔藓植物,强调观察要专注。 染。)”可知,第四段主要讲的是参观北极的严格规定。 第4-6段:作者近距离观察苔藓植物,发现其多彩多样,重 题干含义:第四段主要讲了什么? 点介绍Old Man's Beard,它在森林生长中有重要作用,虽 选项含义:A.参观北极的严格规定。B.游客数量的增加。 易受污染,在地球大部分地区几乎已经消失了,却在Tierra C.保护野生动物的措施。D.观看鸟类的有用提示。 del Fuego蓬勃生长。 4.D推理判断题。根据第一段“The Arctic trip with Quark 第7段:借Lewis之语表明放大镜是探索微小世界的工 Expeditions is an amazing experience,and I am thankful for 具,能带来观察世界的新视角。 it.However,it also makes me realise our presence here sounds pointless in this great setting,like we are visitors from 5.C推理判断题。根据第二段“..but when it comes to another world.”并结合文章主要讲述了作者随Quark bryophytes,it is among the richest corners of the planet.In Expeditions前往北极旅行的经历可知,这篇文章可能出现 the area that covers less than 0.01%of the Earth's land 在旅游杂志。 surface,more than 5%of the world's bryophyte species is 题干含义:这篇文章可能取自哪里? found.(…但说到苔藓植物,它是地球上最富有的角落 选项含义:A.历史书。B.新闻报道。C.研究论文。D.旅 之一。在占地球陆地面积不到0.01%的地区,发现了世界 游杂志。 上5%以上的苔藓植物物种。)”可知,Tierra del Fuego这个 易错警示 岛虽小,但拥有世界上超过5%的苔藓植物物种,标题“一 易误选A项,文章虽含历史内容,但主体是旅行经历, 个有着微小植物的仙境”最能描述Tierra del Fuego。. 并非以历史讲述为主,所以选D项。 题干含义:哪个标题最能描述Tierra del Fuego? 选项含义:A.一个有着不同景色的遥远之地。B.一个有 ·词汇积累 罕见物种的独特地方。C.一个有着微小植物的仙境。 D.一个徒步爱好者的热门目的地。 必背词汇 6.D推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Focus is key:As you Arctic adj.北极的journey n.旅行explore v.探索 walk through the park,it is easy to miss or even step on presence n.存在 sailor n.水手environmental adj. them.(集中注意力是关键:当你穿过公园时,很容易错过 环境的protection n.保护polar bear北极熊 甚至踩到它们。)”可知,在探索Omora Ethnobotanical公园 熟词生义 时,冷静和细心是最重要的。 题干含义:在探索Omora Ethnobotanical公园时,什么品质 1.passage熟义:n.文章/生义:n.通道 被高度重视? 2.am熟义:n.胳膊/生义:v.武装 选项含义:A.好奇心和创造力。B.敏捷和自信。C.决心 3.field熟义:n.田野/生义:n.领域 和勇气。D.冷静和细心。 48● 7.B词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Old Man's Beard is vulnerable to pollution,and has all but disappeared across much of the planet.But in Tierra del Fuego,where the air and rain are among the cleanest on the planet,it grows wildly.”可知,Old Man's Beard容易受到污染,在地球上大 部分地区几乎已经消失了,但在空气和雨水最干净的 Tierra del Fuego却疯狂生长。所以vulnerable的意思是 “易受…伤害的”。 题干含义:哪个选项能最好地替代画线短语“is vulnerable to”? 选项含义:A.能快速适应。B.容易被损坏。C.对…极 其有帮助。D.与…紧密相连。 8.D主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是第三段中的“O entering the park,you're given a magnifying lens.Guided by plant experts,you are invited to get down on your hands and knees to explore the little-known world of Tierra del Fuego's miniature forests'-the bryophytes that cover the rocks and trees..(一进人公园,你就会得到一个放大镜。在植物专家 的指导下,你将被邀请跪下来探索Tierra del Fuego's鲜为 人知的‘微型森林’世界一覆盖在岩石和树木上的苔藓 植物。)”可知,文章主要介绍了Tierra del Fuego's的Omora Ethnobotanical公园里的苔藓植物组成的一个微型森林 世界。 题干含义:这篇文章的最佳标题是什么? 选项含义:A.遇见Old Man's Beard B.Tierra del Fuego的 生态旅游C.开始你的发现之旅D.世界尽头的一个微型 森林(世界) 第二节 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学生如何制 订旅行计划才能既省钱又舒心,给出了五种方法。 :·篇章脉络 第1段:以旅行可以收获经验开篇设悬,引出学生旅行预 算不足的问题及应对建议。 第2段:强调提前规划是关键,匆忙规划增加成本,提前制 订计划并规划预算可以省钱。 第3段:聚焦获取信息,旅行书籍与实用网站能提供低价 食宿的信息,帮助省钱。 第4段:阐述团队旅行优势,与志同道合者同行可分担费 用、共享经历。 第5段:建议选小众旅行地,知名景点贵且挤,小众城镇也 有丰富体验。 :第6段:强调打包必要物,除衣物外药品与零食必备,零食 可应急又省钱。 :第7段:总结全文,精心规划旅行可享乐、省钱、留下难忘 回忆。 9.G根据下文中的“Don't worry.Here are some useful suggestions.”可知,此处应该是一个问句,且在担心一些事 ●4 情。由此可知,G项“但是,如果你是一名学生,没有足够 的钱去旅行,你该怎么办呢?”符合语境。 10.E根据上文“This is probably the most important preparation for travelling.Don't wait until the last minute to plan your trip,or you will have to spend more on tickets. (这可能是旅行最重要的准备。不要等到最后一刻才计 划你的旅行,否则你将不得不花更多的钱在票上。)”及下 文中的“Make a plan and you can save much in this way..” 可知,要对旅行花费有个计划。由此可知,E项“写下你 预计在食物和住宿上花多少钱”符合语境。 11.F根据小标题“Find useful information”和下文中的 "Also,the Internet can help you save money.You can find some useful websites like www.Travelcity.com and www.Economytravel.com.”可知,此处要说明查找信息的 途径。由此可知,F项“旅游书籍会提供最便宜的旅馆和 餐馆的信息”符合语境。 12.A该空是小标题,应该用短小精悍的祈使句。根据下文 中的“Well-known places may be expensive and too crowded.You may want to think over your trip and go to a less-known place.(著名的地方可能很贵而且太拥挤。你 可以考虑一下你的旅行,去一个不太知名的地方。)”可 知,此处建议是去不知名的地方。由此可知,A项“去一 个不太知名的地方”符合语境。 13.D根据上文“The most important things to take are not always clothes..”及下文中的“Snacks are also necessary because they can save you much money when you can not find a cheap restaurant..”可知,旅行要带必需的东西。由 此可知,D项“记得带药,因为你可能会生病”符合语境。 未选项含义:B.注意潜在的危险。C.在第二天旅行前好好 休息。 ·词汇积累 必背词汇 preparation n.准备ticket n.票;车票information n.信息website n.网站crowded ad.拥挤的 less-known ad.不太知名的sight n.风景custom n.风俗pack v.收拾(行李)necessary adj.必要的 snack n.小吃 熟词生义 1.save熟义:v.拯救;救助/生义:v.节省;节约 2.share熟义:v.分享/生义:v.分担;分摊 ·难句秒懂 原句:By travelling with others you can share costs and 方式状语 主语 谓语 宾语 experiences. 译文:通过与他人一起旅行,你们可以分担费用并分享经历。 语言运用 第一节 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了一对夫妇在航海时遭 遇意外并获救的故事。他们在海上遇到了困难,但最终在经 历了超过18小时的严峻挑战后被成功救出,这是一个关于生 存的惊人故事。 :·篇章脉络 第1段:60岁男子与48岁女子航行时未料将遇险,悬念 暗伏。 第2段:二人周一早上出海,下午遇风浪,船撞物进水,地 :处偏远求救难,熬过一夜。 第3段:他们持续求救,最终与救援队联系上,因状况危 险,救援人员周二才靠近。 第4段:两人搏斗风浪超18小时后获救,堪称惊人的生存 ;故事。 14.A考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他们是经验丰富的水 手,像往常一样在周一早上愉快地出海。根据下文中的 “set out for the sea as usual happily”可知,他们经常出海, 所以是经验丰富的水手。 选项含义:A.expert经验丰富的B.outgoing外向的 C.suitable合适的D.graceful优雅的 15.B考查动词词义辨析。句意:但在下午,风势增强,19米 长的大船加速并遇到了麻烦,因为它意外地撞到了什么 东西。根据上文中的the wind picked up可知,风速增加 了,所以船也随之加速了。 选项含义:A.set设置B.sped加速C.packed收拾(行 李)D.signed签(名) 16.D考查名词词义辨析。句意:同上。根据下文中的 because it hit something可知,船撞到了什么东西,这说明 他们遇到了麻烦。 选项含义:A.movement移动B.source来源C.view视野 D.trouble麻烦 17.A考查副词词义辨析。句意:同上。根据上文中的hit something及语境可知,船是意外地撞到了什么东西。 选项含义:A.accidentally意外地B.obviously明显地 C.finally最终D.actually实际上 18.D考查动词短语辨析。句意:不幸的是,船开始进水。 根据下文中的the running--in seawater可知,船撞上了什么 东西后开始进水。 选项含义:A.focusing on聚焦于B.checking in登记 C.working out计算D.taking in吸入 19.D考查名词词义辨析。句意:他们发出了求数请求,但 没有得到回应。根据下文中的but with no answer可知, 他们发出了求救请求,但是没得到回应。 选项含义:A.responsibility责任B.decision决定C.track 路径D.request请求 20.B考查形容词词义辨析。句意:海浪和风也变得太强 大,难以面对。根据上文中的the wind picked up可知,风 。5 速不断增加,所以海浪和风也会变得非常强大。 选项含义:A.normal正常的B.powerful强有力的 C.annoying烦人的D.cold冷的 21.C考查名词词义辨析。句意:水手们尝试了他们能想到 的所有可能的策略来处理涌入的海水。根据下文中的“o deal with the running-.in seawater”可知,船在不断地进水, 所以他们尝试了所有可能的策略来自救。 选项含义:A.suggestion建议B.object物品C.strategy策 略D.organisation组织 22.A考查名词词义辨析。句意:最后,他们找到了解决办 法。根据上文中的“tried every possible...they could think” 可知,他们一直在找解决策略,最后终于找到了解决方 案。solution是strategy的近义词。 选项含义:A.solution解决办法B.schedule日程安排 C.application应用D.event事件 23.A考查动词词义辨析。句意:但他们不得不一整晚都勇 敢地面对狂暴的海浪和强风。根据下文中的“wild waves and strong winds overnight'”及语境可知,他们只好勇敢面 对困难。这里brave是动词,意为“勇敢面对”。 选项含义:A.brave勇敢面对B.compare比较C.connect 连接D.control控制 24.C考查动词词义辨析。句意:他们同时试图寻求帮助, 并一直联系营救直到早上…根据上文中的“ask for help at the same time”可知,他们一直在请求救援,也就是联系 救援队。 选项含义:A.designed设计B.improved改进C.contacted 联系D.attracted吸引 25.D考查名词词义辨析。句意:然而,由于情况危险,救援 人员直到周二才到达这两个人所在的位置。根据上文中 的the rescue可知,这里指的是救援人员。 选项含义:A.juniors职位较低者B.hikers徒步旅行者 C.joggers慢跑者D.rescuers救援人员 26.C考查动词词义辨析。句意:同上。根据上文中的 “300 km further away from the coast”可知,遇事船只漂泊 在离海岸很远的地方,所以救援人员没办法到达这两人 所在的位置。 选项含义:A.choose选择B.amaze使惊诧C.reach到达 D.follow跟随 27.B考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在面对狂风和危险的海 浪超过18小时后,这两个人被安全救回,毫发无损。根 据上文中的safely rescued可知,这两个人未受伤,安全 被救。 选项含义:A,stressed焦虑不安的B.uninjured未受伤的 C.confused困惑的D.advanced高级的 28.B考查名词词义辨析。句意:这确实是一个关于生存的 惊人故事。根据语境可知,这两个人在海上经历了巨大 危险但是安然无恙,说明这是关于生存的故事。 选项含义:A.personality个性B.survival生存C.sight景 象D.arrangement安排 ·词汇积累 必背词汇 sailor n.水手hity.撞击 wave n.海浪rescue n.&v.营救coast n.海岸 熟词生义 1.pick up熟义:捡起;搭载/生义:增强 2.run into熟义:偶然遇见(某人)/生义:遭遇(困难 等);撞上 。难句秒懂 原句:The sailors tried every possible strategy they could think of 主句 定语从句 to deal with the running-in seawater 目的快语 译文:水手们尝试了他们能想到的所有可能的策略来处理涌 人的海水。 第二节 【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道,主要讲述了杨峻峰老人对 长城的深厚情感和他在三十多年里对忻州长城的探索与 了解。 。篇章脉络 第1段:六十多岁满头白发的杨峻峰因常年进行户外活动 :而精力充沛,引出其讲述他与长城的故事。 :第2段:在以长城为主题的旅游项目开幕式上,杨峻峰耐 心讲述长城之事。 第3段:杨峻峰介绍忻州雁门关的特点、其在长城中的地 位及修建长城的目的。 第4段:介绍长城在中国的分布,提及山西境内历代长城 :点数与部分长度等信息。 第5段:强调杨峻峰三十多年几乎走遍忻州长城并记录珍 贵图像,对长城极为熟悉。 29.sixties考查名词复数。句意:尽管他满头白发,但由于 他常年的户外活动,这位六十多岁的老人仍然精力充沛。 in one's sixties是固定短语,意为“在某人六十多岁时”, 因此空处填sixties。 30.as考查介词。句意:同上。as a result of是固定短语, 意为“因为”,因此空处填as。 31.patiently考查副词。句意:7月初,在山西省忻州市代县 举办的以长城为主题的旅游项目开幕式上,他耐心地谈 了很多关于长城的事情。此处用副词修饰动词talked, patient的副词是patiently,意为“耐心地”。 32.was built考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:“那里 有一座建于明朝(1368一1644)的瞭望塔,你还可以找到 一块刻着许多交通规则的石头,”杨峻峰说到忻州雁门关 的特点时说道。空处作从句谓语,动词build与主语 which之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;根据in the Ming 。5 Dynasty可知,句子描述过去的事情,因此句子用一般过 去时的被动语态,主语which指代的先行词a watchtower 是单数,因此空处填was built。 33.a考查冠词。句意:同上。a number of是固定短语,意 为“很多”,因此空处填a。 34.nus考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:雁门关是长城的 重要一段,长城位于中国北部,全长2万多千米。句子描 述客观事实,故时态用一般现在时,that指代的先行词 The Yanmen Pass是单数,因此空处用第三人称单数。 35.To protect考查非谓语动词。句意:为了保护自己的国 家,古代皇帝想出了修建长城的主意。根据语境可知,此 处表示“为了保护自己的国家”,因此空处用动词不定式 表目的,位于句首的单词首字母大写。 36.and考查连词。句意:山西境内历代长城共有4266个 点和许多部分,总长约1400千米。points和many parts 之间是并列关系,句子是肯定句,因此空处填and表并列。 37.walking考查非谓语动词。句意:杨峻峰花了三十多年 的时间几乎走遍了忻州的所有长城,用他的相机拍下了 宝贵的照片,他对这座著名的建筑了如指掌。spend time (in)doing sth.是固定短语,意为“花费时间做某事”,因 此空处填动名词作宾语。 38.valuable考查形容词。句意:同上。空处用形容词作定 语,修饰名词pictures,value的形容词是valuable,意为“宝 贵的”。 ·词汇积累 必背词汇 grey adj.灰色的 energy n.精力patiently adv.耐 心地watchtower n.瞭望塔traffic n.交通record v.记录opening ceremony开幕式come up with 想出 熟词生义 1talk熟义:v.谈话/生义:v.讲 2.un熟义:v.跑/生义:v.延伸 ·难句秒懂 原句:There's a watchtower which was built in the Ming Dynasty 主句(并列分句1) 定语从句 (1368-1644)and you can also find a stone where there are a 连词主句(并列分句2) 定语从句 number of traffic marks. 译文:那里有一座建于明朝(1368一1644)的瞭望塔,你还可以 找到一块刻着许多交通规则的石头。 写作 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。Jamie和Carter参加森林徒 步活动,队伍按经验分为两条路线行进,Jamie为证明自己的 勇敢选择跟随经验丰富的领队Mr Bennett走危险路线,途中 他和Carter趁Ar Bennett分心时走了另一条小路,结果迷路 了,夜幕降临时Jamie发现了森林中的一扇门并进人,遇到了 一个男人。 1.情节发展 续写整体情节框架:文章围绕Jamie在森林中迷路后的经 历展开。续写须根据所给开头,围绕Jamie与男人的互动 以及警察到来后的情况推动情节发展,突出Jamie从害怕 到安全的转变,以及可能遇到的意外发现或帮助。 第1段:男人说,“你不应该像那样让门开着。”Jamie可能 会对男人的话感到疑惑,询问男人是谁以及这里是什么地 方。男人可能会解释自已的身份,比如是森林的守护者之 类的,也可能会安抚Jamie不要害怕,告诉Jamie外面即将 下雨很危险,让他在这里暂时躲避。Jamie可能会对男人 的话半信半疑,但由于外面的情况,他决定先留下来,并和 男人交流一些关于森林的事情。 第2段:“警察!开门!”一个男性声音喊道。Jamie听到警 察的声音后可能会感到惊喜和安心,他可能会大声回应警 察,男人可能会打开门,警察看到Jamie后会询问他的情 况,Jamie会向警察讲述自己迷路的经过。警察可能会感 谢男人对Jamie的照顾,最后Jamie跟着警察离开小屋,回 到队伍中。Jamie可能会向队友们讲述这次惊险的经历, 并对帮助他的人表示感激。 2.逻辑连贯 上文详细描述了Jamie在森林中迷路的过程以及他的恐惧 和无助。续写要紧密围绕这些内容展开,Jamie与男人的 对话以及他的情绪变化要符合他迷路后的状态以及对安 全的渴望。警察到来后的情节发展要自然合理,体现出 Jamie最终得到帮助且安全回归队伍。注意关键词如 “forest hike'”“lost”“shelter'”“police”等要在续写中合理运 用,使文章前后连贯。 【参考范文】 "You should never leave a door open like that,"the man said.Jamie looked at the man with a mixture of fear and confusion."Who are you?Where am I?"he asked nervously. The man smiled gently and said,"I'm the caretaker of this place in the forest.It's not safe outside when it's about to rain, especially for a lost boy like you.Don't worry.You're in a safe place now."Jamie relaxed a bit but was still cautious.He started chatting with the man,learning that the man had been living in the forest for years and taking care of this hidden shelter.As they talked,Jamie's fear gradually faded away,and he felt a bit more at ease "Police!Open up!"a male voice called.Jamie's eyes lit up with joy at the sound of the police.“IT'm here!I'm safe!”he shouted loudly.The man opened the door,and two police officers rushed in.They looked at Jamie and asked him what had happened.Jamie quickly told them his story of getting lost in the forest.The police officers thanked the man for taking care of Jamie and then led Jamie out of the shelter.Back at the team, Jamie shared his thrilling experience with his teammates.He was grateful to the man and the police for their help,and he learnt a valuable lesson about being careful in the forest. 5 ·词汇积累 必背词汇 divide v.分开 route n.路线scout n.童子军 bravery n.勇敢confuse v.使迷惑harsh adj.艰苦 的distract v.使分心nightfall n.傍晚pour v.倾 盆而下shelter n.庇护处 flashlight n.手电筒 switch n.开关thrilling adj.惊险的 熟词生义 l.point熟义:n.重,点;要,点/生义:n.时刻 2.take熟义:y.拿;取/生义:v走(路线) ·难句秒懂 原句:He was determined to finish the trail,which had to 主句 connect with the others at some point 非限制性定语从句 译文:他决心走完这条小路,这条小路在某个时刻肯定会和其 他小路相连。 第⑨周动植物守护 、 1.has set考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:到目前为止, 中国已经建立了一些红树林保护区。根据Up to now(到 目前为止)可知,句子应用现在完成时,主语是China,助动 词应用has。 2.has built考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:王女士在美 国出生并长大,但是从她还是个小女孩的时候,她就和中 国文化建立了牢固的联系。根据下文的时间状语从句 “since she was a little girl”可知,此处应用现在完成时,主 语为she,助动词用has。 3.have circled考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:我用黄笔 圈出了错误的问题,所以复习起来很方便。根据下文中的 “soit's convenient for me to review'”可知,表示过去发生的 动作对现在产生的影响,应用现在完成时,主语为【,助动 词用have。 4.has increased考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:自2019 年以来,那些塑料的使用量增加了300%。根据since2019 可知,此处应用现在完成时。动词increase意为“增加”,主 语use意为“使用”,为不可数名词,所以助动词用has。 5.has been tried考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意: 已经尝试了一切可能的手段来防止空气污染,但天空仍然 不晴朗。空处为句子的谓语,根据句意可知,此处表示动 作已完成,对现在造成了影响,时态用现在完成时,y与主 语means之间为动宾关系,应用现在完成时的被动语态; means用作名词,意为“方式;方法”,单复数同形。本句中 means前边有限定词every,为单数意义,助动词用has。 6.have survived考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:这是该术以减轻旅行负担,包亚伟是其中之一。空处在句中作 后置定语,其与逻辑主语users构成主动关系,故用现在 分词形式。 45.which考查定语从句。句意:Visiotrip是一家旅游科技 公司,于2021年在北京成立,正在将人工智能与旅游服 务相结合。空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 Visiotrip,先行词在从句中作主语,指物,故用关系代词 which引导。 46.impressive考查形容词。句意:“Emily”根据用户的兴 趣设计旅行,并提供令人称赞的服务,覆盖国内外十多个 目的地。空处应用形容词impressive“令人称赞的”作定 语,修饰复数名词services:. 47.to考查介词。句意:未来,把人工智能技术应用于旅游 服务是不可阻挡的趋势。apply sth.to sth.为固定短语, 意为“把…应用于…” 48.requires考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:然而,如何 更有效地满足用户的需求仍然需要时间和努力。此处陈 述客观事实,应用一般现在时,且主语为“how+不定式”, 谓语动词须用单数形式。 B 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了一项研究结果:旅 游不仅让人放松,还有助于身心健康和延缓衰老。 49.tips考查名词复数。句意:澳大利亚伊迪斯·科文大学 最近的一项研究发现,去旅游可以让我们看起来和感觉 上更年轻。go on trips为固定短语,意为“去旅游”。 50.experiencing考查非谓语动词。句意:研究人员认为, 经历新事物和认识不同的人会让我们随着年龄的增长保 持年轻。根据下文中的and meeting可知,空处应该用动 名词experiencing,和meeting并列作主语。 51.who考查定语从句。句意:该研究的第一作者胡方丽 说,“旅游不仅仅是为了好玩:它还可以改善我们的身心 健康。”空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词H山 Fangli,从句中缺少主语,空处应该用关系代词,who代替 先行词,在从句中作主语。 52.for考查介词。句意:同上。for fun“为了好玩”是固定短语: 53.be stopped考查被动语态。句意:胡女士补充说,“作为 一个自然过程,衰老无法被阻止,但可以被延缓。”空处是 谓语动词,再根据空前的can't可知,应该用动词原形;动 词stop和主语ageing之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。 54.and考查连词。句意:这项研究调查了旅游如何延缓衰 老,表明度假、背包旅行和观光可以帮助我们减轻压力。 vacations、backpacking和sightseeing是并列关系,应该用 连词and。 55.includes考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:胡女士说, “旅游通常包括徒步旅行、爬山和骑自行车等体育活动, 这些活动可以缓解肌肉和关节紧张。”空处是谓语动词, 描述客观事实,应用一般现在时,主语是travelling,谓语 动词用第三人称单数形式。 56.ability考查名词。句意:她指出,这些活动可能支撑免 疫系统,提高我们身体抵御疾病的能力。根据空前的动 词improve可知,空处应该用名词ability作宾语。 57.better考查形容词比较级。句意:研究人员表示,在帮 助我们保持年轻和健康方面,旅游可能比抗衰老面霜更 好。根据空后的than可知,空处应该用形容词比较级 better作表语。 2 58.simply考查副词。句意:所以,与其简单地依赖美容产 品,不如考虑参观新的地方改善你的健康福祉。修饰空 后的动词短语depending on,应该用副词simply作状语。 Unit④单元培优·情境卷 主题情境:地球探秘 阅读 第一节 A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者随Quark Expeditions前往北极旅行的经历。 1.C细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“As I stood among ice and snowy mountains,this made me feel unbelievably smal.”可知,作者在这次旅行后感觉人类在这个世界上很 渺小。 2.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The first recorded visit was by Dutch sailor Willem Barentsz in June 1596,searching for a northeast passage to China.”可知,Willem Barentsz来 挪威北极是为了找到一条通往中国的东北通道。 3.A主旨大意题。根据第四段“Today,there are environmental controls on visiting this area.On our first day, we watched videos that laid down the law:Do not touch or take anything,and stay with your armed guide for protection from polar bears.We also washed our shoes and feet before boarding or leaving the ship to make the land free of pollution..(今天,对参观这个地区有环境控制。第一天,我 们看了一些制定法律的视频:不要碰或拿任何东西,为了 保护自己免受北极熊的伤害,要和你的武装向导待在一 起。我们在登船或下船前也洗了鞋子和脚,使陆地免受污 染。)”可知,第四段主要讲的是参观北极的严格规定。 4.D推理判断题。通读全文,并根据第一段“The Arctic trip with Quark Expeditions is an amazing experience,and I am thankful for it.However,it also makes me realise our presence here sounds pointless in this great setting,like we are visitors from another world.”可知,文章主要讲述了作者 随Quark Expeditions前往北极旅行的经历,由此可知,这篇 文章可能出现在旅游杂志。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Omora Ethnobotanical公园苔藓植物的丰富与独特。 5.C推理判断题。根据第二段中的“..but when it comes to bryophytes,it is among the richest corners of the planet.In the area that covers less than 0.01%of the earth's land surface,more than 5%of the world's bryophyte species is found.(…但说到苔藓植物,它是地球上最富有的角落 之一。在占地球陆地面积不到0.01%的地区,发现了世界 上5%以上的苔藓植物物种。)”可知,Tierra del Fuego这个 岛虽小,但拥有世界上超过5%的苔藓植物物种,标题“一 个有着微小植物的仙境”最能描述Tierra del Fuego。 6.D推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Focus is key:As you walk through the park,it is easy to miss or even step on thm.(集中注意力是关键:当你穿过公园时,很容易错过 甚至踩到它们。)”可知,在探索Omora Ethnobotanical公园 时,冷静和细心是最重要的。 7.B词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Old Man's Beard is vulnerable to pollution,and has all but disappeared across much of the planet.But in Tierra del Fuego,where the air and rain are among the cleanest on the planet,it grows wildly.”可知,Old Man's Beard容易受到污染,在地球上大 部分地区几乎已经消失了,但在空气和雨水最干净的 Tierra del Fuego却疯狂生长。所以vulnerable的意思是 “易受…伤害的”。 8.D主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是第三段中的“On entering the park,you're given a magnifying lens.Guided by plant experts,you are invited to get down on your hands and knees to explore the little-known world of Tierra del Fuego's miniature forests'-the bryophytes that cover the rocks and rees.(一进入公园,你就会得到一个放大镜。在植物专家 的指导下,你将被邀请跪下来探索Tierra del Fuego's鲜为 人知的‘微型森林’世界一覆盖在岩石和树木上的苔藓 植物。)”可知,文章主要介绍了Tierra del Fuego's的Omora Ethnobotanical公园里的苔藓植物组成的一个微型森林 世界。 第二节 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学生如何制 订旅行计划才能既省钱又舒心,给出了五种方法。 9.G根据下文中的“Don'twoy.Here are some useful suggestions.”可知,此处应该是一个问句,且在担心一些事 情。由此可知,G项“但是,如果你是一名学生,且没有足 够的钱去旅行,你该怎么办呢?”符合语境。 1O.E根据上文中的“This is probably the most important preparation for travelling.Don't wait until the last minute to plan your trip,or you will have to spend more on tickets (这可能是旅行最重要的准备。不要等到最后一刻才计 划你的旅行,否则你将不得不花更多的钱在票上。)”及下 文中的“Make a plan and you can save much in this way.” 可知,要对旅行花费有个计划。由此可知,E项“写下你 预计在食物和住宿上花多少钱”符合语境。 11.F根据小标题“Find useful information”和下文中的 "Also,the Internet can help you save money.You can find some useful websites like www.Travelcity.com and www.Economytravel.com.”可知,此处要说明查找信息的 途径。由此可知,F项“旅游书籍会提供最便宜的旅馆和 餐馆的信息”符合语境。 12.A该空是小标题,应该用短小精悍的祈使句。根据下文 中的“Well-known places may be expensive and too crowded.You may want to think over your trip and go to a less-known place.(著名的地方可能很贵而且太拥挤。你 可以考虑一下你的旅行,去一个不太知名的地方。)”可 知,此处建议是去不知名的地方。由此可知,A项“去一 个不太知名的地方”符合语境。 13.D根据上文中的“The most important things to take are not always clothes.”及下文中的“Snacks are also necessary because they can save you much money when you can not find a cheap restaurant.”可知,旅行要带必需的东西。由 此可知,D项“记得带药,因为你可能会生病”符合语境。 语言运用 第一节 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了一对夫妇在航海时遭 遇意外并获救的故事。他们在海上遇到了困难,但最终在经 。2 历了超过18小时的严峻挑战后被成功救出,这是一个关于生 存的惊人故事。 14.A考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他们是经验丰富的水 手,像往常一样在周一早上愉快地出海。根据下文中的 “set out for the sea as usual happily”可知,他们经常出海, 所以是经验丰富的水手。 15.B考查动词词义辨析。句意:但在下午,风势增强,19米 长的大船加速并遇到了麻烦,因为它意外地撞到了什么 东西。根据上文中的the wind picked up可知,风速增加 了,所以船也随之加速了。 16.D考查名词词义辨析。句意:同上。根据下文中的 because it hit something可知,船撞到了什么东西,这说明 他们遇到了麻烦。 17.A考查副词词义辨析。句意:同上。根据上文中的hit something及语境可知,船是意外地撞到了什么东西。 18.D考查动词短语辨析。句意:不幸的是,船开始进水。 根据下文中的the running-in seawater可知,船撞上了什么 东西后开始进水。 19.D考查名词词义辨析。句意:他们发出了求救请求,但 没有得到回应。根据下文中的but with no answer可知, 他们发出了求救请求,但是没得到回应。 20.B考查形容词词义辨析。句意:海浪和风也变得太强 大,难以面对。根据上文中的the wind picked up可知,风 速不断增加,所以海浪和风也会变得非常强大。 21.C考查名词词义辨析。句意:水手们尝试了他们能想到 的所有可能的策略来处理涌入的海水。根据下文中的“o deal with the running-in seawater”可知,船在不断地进水, 所以他们尝试了所有可能的策略来自救。 22.A考查名词词义辨析。句意:最后,他们找到了解决办 法。根据上文中的“tried every possible..they could think” 可知,他们一直在找解决策略,最后终于找到了解决方 案。solution是strategy的近义词。 23.A考查动词词义辨析。句意:但他们不得不一整晚都勇 敢地面对狂暴的海浪和强风。根据下文中的“wild waves and strong winds overnight'”及语境可知,他们只好勇敢面 对困难。这里brave是动词,意为“勇敢面对”。 24.C考查动词词义辨析。句意:他们同时试图寻求帮助, 并一直联系营救直到早上…根据上文中的“ask for help at the same time'”可知,他们一直在请求救援,也就是联系 救援队。 25.D考查名词词义辨析。句意:然而,由于情况危险,救援 人员直到周二才到达这两个人所在的位置。根据上文中 的the rescue可知,这里指的是救援人员。 26.C考查动词词义辨析。句意:同上。根据上文中的 “3O0 km further away from the coast'”可知,遇事船只漂泊 在离海岸很远的地方,所以救援人员没办法到达这两人 所在的位置。 27.B考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在面对狂风和危险的海 浪超过18小时后,这两个人被安全救回,毫发无损。根 据上文中的safely rescued可知,这两个人未受伤,安全 被救。 28.B考查名词词义辨析。句意:这确实是一个关于生存的 惊人故事。根据语境可知,这两个人在海上经历了巨大 危险但是安然无恙,由此说明,这是关于生存的故事。 3 第二节 【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道,主要讲述了杨峻峰老人对 长城的深厚情感和他在三十多年里对忻州长城的探索与 了解。 29.sixties考查名词复数。句意:尽管他满头白发,但由于 他常年的户外活动,这位六十多岁的老人仍然精力充沛。 in one's sixties是固定短语,意为“在某人六十多岁时”, 因此空处填sixties。 30.as考查介词。句意:同上。as a result of是固定短语, 意为“因为”,因此空处填as。 31.patiently考查副词。句意:7月初,在山西省忻州市代县 举办的以长城为主题的旅游项目开幕式上,他耐心地谈 了很多关于长城的事情。此处用副词修饰动词talked, patient的副词形式是patiently,意为“耐心地”。 32.was built考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:“那里 有一座建于明朝(1368一1644)的瞭望塔,你还可以找到 一块刻着许多交通规则的石头,”杨峻峰说到忻州雁门关 的特点时说道。空处作从句谓语,动词build与主语 which之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;根据in the Ming Dynasty可知,句子描述过去的事情,因此句子用一般过 去时,主语which指代的先行词a watchtower是单数,因 此空处填was built。 33.a考查冠词。句意:同上。a number of是固定短语,意 为“很多”,因此空处填a。 34.rus考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:雁门关是长城的 重要一段,长城位于中国北部,全长2万多千米。句子描 述客观事实,故时态用一般现在时,that指代的先行词 The Yanmen Pass是单数,因此空处用第三人称单数。 35.To protect考查非谓语动词。句意:为了保护自己的国 家,古代皇帝想出了修建长城的主意。根据语境可知,此 处表示“为了保护自己的国家”,因此空处用动词不定式 表目的,位于句首的单词首字母应大写。 36.and考查连词。句意:山西境内历代长城共有4266个 点和许多部分,总长约14O0千米。points和many parts 之间是并列关系,句子是肯定句,因此空处填and,表 并列。 37.walking考查非谓语动词。句意:杨峻峰花了三十多年 的时间几乎走遍了忻州的所有长城,用他的相机拍下了 宝贵的照片,他对这座著名的建筑了如指掌。spend time (in)doing sth.是固定短语,意为“花费时间做某事”,因 此空处填动名词,作宾语。 38.valuable考查形容词。句意:同上。空处用形容词作定 语,修饰复数名词pictures,value的形容词形式是 valuable,意为“宝贵的”。 写作 【参考范文】 "You should never leave a door open like that,"the man said.Jamie looked at the man with a mixture of fear and confusion."Who are you?Where am I?"he asked nervously. The man smiled gently and said,"I'm the caretaker of this place in the forest.It's not safe outside when it's about to rain, especially for a lost boy like you.Don't worry.You're in a safe place now."Jamie relaxed a bit but was still cautious.He started chatting with the man,learning that the man had been living in the forest for years and taking care of this hidden shelter.As they 2 talked,Jamie's fear gradually faded away,and he felt a bit more at ease. “Police!Open up!"a male voice called.Jamie's eyes lit up with joy at the sound of the police.“I'm here!I'm safe!”he shouted loudly.The man opened the door,and two police officers rushed in.They looked at Jamie and asked him what had happened.Jamie quickly told them his story of getting lost in the forest.The police officers thanked the man for taking care of Jamie and then led Jamie out of the shelter.Back at the team, Jamie shared his thrilling experience with his teammates.He was grateful to the man and the police for their help,and he learnt a valuable lesson about being careful in the forest. 第五单元生态守护 第⑨周动植物守护 -1.has set 2.has built 3.have circled 4.has increased 5.has been tried 6.have survived 7.have become 8.has dropped 9.has won 10.has read 11.have been cut 12.has been reported 13.has been paid 14.have been polluted 15.has been changed 二、【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。亚洲狮面临濒危且难以 追踪,Banerjee开发了一种精准辨别亚洲狮的人工智能系统。 16.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“One of the biggest challenges to keep the lions'future is to track them,a hard wok.(要想保住狮子的未来,最大的挑战之一就是追踪 它们,这是一项艰巨的工作。)”可知,保护亚洲狮的最大 问题是追踪它们。 17.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He adds,‘It could help forest officials arrive at a more accurate estimate of Gir's lion population.In a few years,the group will have a rich collection of information-how many lions are male, female,how many will bear babies and how many are dead.'(他补充说:‘这可以帮助森林官员更准确地估计 吉尔狮子的数量。几年后,该组织将收集到丰富的信 息—有多少狮子是雄性的,有多少是雌性的,有多少会 生育幼崽,有多少已经死亡。')”可知,SMBA通过提供 准确的信息帮助研究人员。 18.C推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Despite the advantages,Banerjee also adds his worries.He suggests certain rules be made to prevent main information from being stolen..(尽管有这些优势,Banerjee也增加了他的担 忧。他建议制定一些规则来防止主要信息被盗。)”可知, Banerjee觉得应该意识到该人工智能项目可能存在的 风险。 三、【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们如 何为保护野生动物及其栖息地做出贡献。 19.A观察文章结构可知,该空为段落小标题。根据下文中 "Understanding the issues facing wildlife is the first step in making a difference.Take the time to learn about endangered species,habitat destruction,and conservation efforts.Share this knowledge with your friends and family to raise awareness.(了解野生动物面临的问题是做出改变的 第一步。花点儿时间了解濒危物种、栖息地破坏和保护 工作。与你的朋友和家人分享这些知识来增强意识。)”

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