Unit 3 Fascinating Parks 词汇 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

该高中英语单元复习课件系统梳理了appetite、compete、petition等核心词汇及派生词，通过词源解析（如PIE词根*pet-的“飞、追逐”义）和词根词缀拆解，以共同词根为纽带串联相关词汇，帮助学生构建从词根到派生词的完整知识体系。 其亮点在于融合高考复现题（如2023新高考I卷完形）与分层练习（填空、语法填空），通过词源分析培养学生的思维品质（分析词义演变）和学习能力（构词法策略），让不同水平学生巩固词汇，教师也能依托系统练习提升复习针对性。

-pet-to rush, to fly飞 appetite,compete,petition, symptom,helicopter,feather objective: 通过词源解析和词根词缀拆解，掌握appetite,compete,competence, competition, helicopter，petition,symptom，feather等核心词及其派生词。 1.appetite/ˈæpɪtaɪt/ n.食欲，胃口；欲望，爱好 ap-,ad-to,-pet-to rush,to fly,-ite In its origins, appetite referred to a very generalized desire or inclination; the wish for food is a secondary development. The Latin noun was appetītus, a derivative of the compound verb appetere ‘strive after, desire eagerly’, which was based on petere ‘go to, seek out’ (source also of English compete, impetus, petition, and repeat, and related to feather). => compete, impetus, petition, repeat Derivatives of appetite appetising a. appetiser/ ˈæpəˌtaɪzə(r) / n. 吊胃口的东西；开胃食品（等于 appetizer） appetitive/ əˈpetɪtɪv / a.食欲的；有食欲的；开胃的 Smoked Salmon Appetiser Bites Wrapped in Turnip 2.compete/ kəmˈpiːt /竞争；争夺；比赛 com-together。-pet, 追逐，渴望，词源同feather, petition. 追逐同一个目标的，竞争。 " to enter or be put in rivalry with," from Middle French compéter "be in rivalry with" (14c.), or directly from Late Latin competere "strive in common," in classical Latin "to come together, agree, to be qualified," later, "strive together," from com- "together" (see com-) + petere "to strive, seek, fall upon, rush at, attack" (see petition (n.)). competition /ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃ(ə)n/ n. competitive /kəmˈpetətɪv/ a. competitiveness n. competitively ad. competitor n. competent /ˈkɒmpɪtənt/ a. competence/ˈkɒmpɪtəns/ n. competency /ˈkɒmpɪtənsi/ n. 高考复现：2023新高考I卷完形 On Oct. 11 , hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota.  43. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor 2022新高考七选五 Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled "Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner." One reason was: "You'll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym," while another read: "　16．     　" With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle competition. competent的反义词 incompetent /ɪnˈkɒmpɪtənt/ a.无能力的，不称职的； in-not，competent 3.petition/ pəˈtɪʃn / n.请愿书；v.请愿 来自拉丁语petere,努力，寻求，渴望，祈求，来自PIE*pete,展开，追寻，词源同feather,propitiate / prəˈpɪʃieɪt /.引申词义祈求，请愿。 early 14c., "a supplication or prayer, especially to a deity," from Old French peticion "request, petition" (12c., Modern French pétition) and directly from Latin petitionem (nominative petitio) "a blow, thrust, attack, aim; a seeking, searching," in law "a claim, suit," noun of action from past participle stem of petere "to make for, go to; attack, assail; seek, strive after; ask for, beg, beseech, request; fetch; derive; demand, require," from PIE root *pet-, also *pete- "to rush; to fly" (cognates: Sanskrit pattram "wing, feather, leaf," patara- "flying, fleeting;" Hittite pittar "wing;" Greek piptein "to fall," potamos "rushing water," pteryx "wing;" Old English feðer "feather;" Latin penna "feather, wing;" Old Church Slavonic pero "feather;" Old Welsh eterin "bird"). Meaning "formal written request to a superior (earthly)" is attested from early 15c. Derivatives of petition petitionary/ pəˈtɪʃənˌeri / a. 请愿的 -ary形容词后缀 petitioner/ pəˈtɪʃənə(r) / n. 填空练习： We recently presented the government with a ______ signed by 4,500 people. She was reduced to having to ________ the court for money to get her lawn mowed. petition petition 4.symptom / ˈsɪmptəm / n.症状 来自希腊语 symptoma, 疾病， 发生， 来自 sym-, 一起， 一致，-pt-, 追逐， 降落， 词源同 compete,petition,-oma,名词后缀。引申词义症状，征兆等。词义演变比较 syndrome,综合症。 1540s, re-Latinized from sinthoma (late 14c.), from Medieval Latin sinthoma "symptom of a disease," altered from Late Latin symptoma, from Greek symptoma "a happening, accident, disease," from stem of sympiptein "to befall, happen; coincide, fall together," from assimilated form of syn- "together" (see syn-) + piptein "to fall," from PIE *pi-pt-, reduplicated form of root *pet- "to rush; to fly" (see petition (n.)). Derivatives of symptom symptomatic/ˌsɪmptəˈmætɪk/ a.有症状的 symptomless/ˈsɪmptəmləs/  a. 无症状的 填空练习： 1.A local investigation was conducted and no additional cases or __________contacts were found. 2.One of the most common ________ of schizophrenia is hearing imaginary voices. symptomatic symptoms 5.helicopter / ˈhelɪkɒptə(r) / n.直升机 该词的字面含义为“有旋转翅膀的机器”，词根helic-表“螺旋”，如helical（螺旋状的）、helix（螺旋）；-o-为连接字母；词根pter-来自希腊语“翅膀”，常见于专业词汇，如dipteral（双翼的）、pterosaur（翼龙，即有翅膀的恐龙）、pterodactyl（翼手龙，即手(dactyl-)的部位长翅膀）、archaeopteryx（始祖鸟，即最早有翅膀的鸟）等。pter-谐“扑腾”，以此助记“翅膀”。 1861, from French hélicoptère “device for enabling airplanes to rise perpendicularly,” thus “flying machine propelled by screws.” The idea was to gain lift from spiral aerofoils, and it didn‘t work. Used by Jules Verne and the Wright Brothers, the word transferred to helicopters in the modern sense when those were developed in the 1920s. From Greek helix (genitive helikos) “spiral” (see helix) + pteron “wing” (see pterodactyl)，fromPIE root *pet-to rush,to fly. Nativized in Flemish as wentelwiek "with rotary vanes." 6.feather/ ˈfeðə(r) / n. 羽毛；v. 来自PIE*pet-to fly,to rush，词源同 compete. Birds of a feather flock together. etymology of feather in English Old English feðer "a feather; a pen," in plural, "wings," from Proto-Germanic *fethro (cognates: Old Saxon fethara, Old Norse fioþr, Swedish fjäder, Middle Dutch vedere, Dutch veder, Old High German fedara, German Feder), from PIE *pet-ra-, from root *pet- "to rush, to fly" (see petition (n.)). Feather-headed "silly" is from 1640s. Feather-duster attested by 1835. Figurative use of feather in (one's) cap attested by 1734. Birds of a feather "creatures of the same kind" is from 1580s. Derivatives of feather feathered feathery/ˈfeðəri/ a. featherless/ˈfeðələs/ a. feathelike a. 词缀小贴士： 常见的否定前缀： in- An inexpensive train ticket in the UK is invariably (always, or without variation) a cause for great celebration. However, when you get on that train you might run into people talking loudly on their mobile phone. Or crunching loudly on crisps and getting them all over the floor. How inconsiderate! When it comes to exams, two things you don’t want are an incomplete answer sheets, or one full of incorrect answers. in-是来自拉丁语的前缀，主要有“not,the opposite of ”; “into, upon” 两种含义，这里只讨论第一种情况。 带有拉丁词尾-ate, -ant,-ent, -ite,-ible的词，否定前缀用in-，比如： inappropriate, incessant, indefinite, inaccessible,invincible, invisible等， 但也有例外，比如unfortunate. un- Perhaps the most common negative prefix is ‘un’, meaning ‘not’. Unfortunately, you can’t just add it to any word, which seems unfair to lots of learners. This is an unforgettable prefix for most students. im-多用在b,m,p字母前 ‘Im’ is often used with words beginning with ‘b’, ‘m’ and ‘p’. So this is certainly not an impossible prefix to learn how to use. Immoral behaviour is not something we should condone. And we should definitely pay attention to the gender imbalance in managerial jobs. (Not the fact that men are literally heavier than women, but that there are rather more of them than women.) ir-通常用在r字母前 Used before words starting with ‘r’. We all know that it is irresponsible to go to a party the night before an exam. It is an irrational and irregular thing to do; we think somehow it’ll be OK. Often, the pull of a good night out is completely irresistible. il-通常用在l字母前 Unsurprisingly, ‘il’ is used before words beginning with ‘l’. Did you know that it’s technically illegal to damage an image of the Queen of England? So scribbling all over a fifty pound note is not only a waste, but also a punishable offence. And, how can I tell that you, my reader, are not illiterate? Well, because you’ve made it this far. It would be illogical to assume that you had continued reading and understood nothing. mis- ‘Mis’ means wrongly. While learning English here will be some instances of misunderstanding. In contrast to ‘not understanditng’, if you misunderstand, you think you understand, and boldly go forwards. Usually doing the wrong thing. You can also misinterpret someone’s actions towards you. An English man in Paris might be thrilled to receive two kisses on the cheek from a lovely French lady, and may misinterpret this as love. Our Englishman would be very misinformed about French customs and behaviour. non- Meaning ‘not’ or ‘without’. For example, if you meet a Yorkshire man with a very broad accent you might think he is talking nonsense. Certain Yorkshire men are actually more like nontalkers – they can communicate in grunts and mumblings for hours. In some languages, articles are nonexistent. That means learners of Russian, for example, don’t have to worry about ‘a’ and ‘the’. Lucky them! anti- ‘Anti’ means ‘against’. We can put it in front of lots of nouns, and the list of words is growing all the time. Anti-Brexit, for example, or anti-ageing creams and treatments. Some common words you might need are antisocial, for when you don’t feel like socialising with others. How about antibiotics for when you’re ill? Or an antidote if you get bitten by a poisonous spider on your trip to Australia? Another you might use is anticlimax, when an ending wasn’t as exciting as you’d hoped. dis- Meaning ‘not’ or ‘opposite of’. No one can disagree that English is an important language to learn nowadays. But, most learners dislike learning English tenses. And they can become very discouraged when they don’t make the progress that they want. Learning with Lingoda can help those negative feelings disappear. We promise that your lessons will be unforgettable!   语法填空： Fly too close to the sun In the ancient tale of Icarus and Daedalus, the latter, a competent craftsman, built wings of wax and feather to escape imprisonment. His __1__（compete） was unmatched, yet his son’s reckless appetite for flight led to tragedy. Icarus, ignoring warnings, let his ambition compete with the sun itself—a __2_（fate） petition to the heavens. The symptom of his hubris was the melting wax, each droplet a warning ignored. Unlike the modern helicopter ____3（design）for controlled flight, Icarus’s wings were fragile.__4__,he ascended recklessly. He soared not with skill, but with impulsive desire. Daedalus, though gifted, failed to curb his son’s __5__（hungry）. The very feathers meant for freedom became symptoms of downfall. Icarus’s story reminds us: ambition __6_ caution is a perilous flight. Even the competent can fall when appetite overrules __7__（wise）. Let this be a petition to all __8__ dare to dream: soar, but respect the limits. For every helicopter that __9_（rise） with precision, Icarus plummets—a __10__（time）warning against rushing toward the sun. 参考答案： 1.compete 2.fatal 3.designed 4.However 5.hunger 6.without 7.wisdom 8. who 9.rises 10.timeless $