Unit 2 单元基础知识（单词、短语、句子）过关综合训练 2025-2026学年沪教版（2024）英语八年级上册

Unit 2 单元基础知识（单词、短语、句子）过关综合训练 一、单项选择 1．This is a new word. Remember to ________. A．write down it B．write it down C．write down them D．write them down 2．I will buy a new flat ________ living in the old house if the price ________ next month. A．instead of; drops B．instead; will drop C．instead of; will drop D．instead; drops 3．Without a moment’s ________, she jumped into the river to save the child. A．explanation B．hesitation C．support D．requirement 4．The professor’s new theory aims to ________ the traditional understanding of human evolution. A．challenge B．explain C．support D．ignore 5．She had to ________ her efforts to meet the deadline. A．explain B．double C．support D．require 6．The young artist was thrilled to win the first ________ in the national competition. A．prize B．praise C．price D．practice 7．The olive branch (橄榄枝) always ________ peace all over the world. A．stands out B．stands for C．stands up D．stands by 8．Before you travel abroad, you’d better ________ the opening hours of the embassy in case you need to get some help. A．check B．choose C．collect D．correct 9．The man __________described what he saw so that the police could understand clearly. A．exactly B．simply C．gradually D．probably 10．The cheongsam (旗袍) is often worn by Chinese women to ________ Chinese culture around the world. A．discover B．represent C．create D．divide 11．The human body has a complex ________ that helps it fight against diseases. A．system B．structure C．pattern D．framework 12．—Can you ________ the books on the shelf? —Sure. Let me see. There are 20 books. A．read B．write C．count D．see 13．The lion is often used as a ________ of courage. A．signal B．sign C．symbol D．mark 14．I ________ if we can go to the park tomorrow. A．wonder B．wander C．want D．wait 15．She didn’t ________ to my email until three days later. A．explain B．reply C．support D．require 16．She ________ to finish the project by Friday, even though it seemed challenging. A．refused B．hesitated C．promised D．denied 17．You can find colorful flowers ________ in the garden during springtime. A．everywhere B．somewhere C．anywhere D．nowhere 18．—The movie The Wandering Earth tells us a story about how people tried to save Earth. —Yes. In the film, humans chose to stay on Earth ________ running away from it. A．as for B．thanks to C．instead of D．together with 19．The number of stars in the sky is ________. A．believable B．unbelievable C．small D．large 20．Some numbers have special ________ in different cultures. A．stories B．meanings C．histories D．values 二、单词拼写 21．She knew e what to say to comfort her friend in trouble. 22．You can find people using mobile phones e these days. 23．I don’t like coffee. I will have some tea i . 24．She didn’t r when I asked her a question. 25．The flag’s colors r the history and culture of the nation. 26．She asked the children to c the number of stars drawn on the blackboard. 27．My friend c me to a basketball game. 28．Class One got the first p in the school football game. 29．At the beginning of the new year, I want to make a b for my lucky money. 30．Hunan is one of the most amazing p in China. 31．The little boy is good at playing (国际象棋). 32．Don’t show any (犹豫) when trying new things. 33．The (航班) to Beijing takes 3 hours. 34．The price of potatoes (加倍) last week. 35．Many students don't know __________ （确切地）what they should learn at school. 36．The Mid-Autumn Festival is coming. I (想知道) where we will celebrate it. 37．In nature, you can find new and interesting things (到处) with your own eyes. 38．Could you give my bike a (检查)? It broke down. 39．To them, the most important thing is not to win a gold or a (银牌). 40．Last term, I won the first (奖品) in the English dubbing competition. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 41．The price of the book is 25 yuan, and I have 25 yuan in my wallet. (exact) 42．The grade has eighteen classes, and my friend is in Class . (eight) 43．She accepted the challenge without (hesitate). 44．It’s easy apples because they are objects. (count) 45．We watched birds in the sky while waiting for our to Shanghai. (fly) 46．I’d like you (double) the amount for each of the rest of the squares. 47．She is (current) living with her grandparents. 48．We reached an (agree) on how to solve the problem. 49．The car was in bad condition, but I was sure he could repair it as he (promise). 50．Tom (challenge) his friend to a chess game, and finally he won. 四、完成句子 51．对于学生来说，在日常生活中保护视力非常重要。 It’s very important for students their eyesight . 52．爸爸看了医生后，毫不犹豫地开始节食。 Father went on a diet after seeing the doctor. 53．罗马数字不如阿拉伯数字常见，也许是因为它们太难使用了！ Roman numerals are not Arabic numerals, maybe because they are difficult use! 54．多亏了老师的帮助，我过去数学很差，但现在我擅长了。 my teacher’s help, I be weak in math, but now I’m good at it. 55．计数棒很容易理解，但写下大数字可能需要很长时间。 Tally sticks are easy , but it can take a long time to large numbers. 56．不同的文化有不同的象征，一颗心往往代表爱。 Different cultures have , and a heart often love. 57．袁隆平，世界上最伟大的科学家之一，作为“杂交水稻之父”而出名。 Yuan Longping, one of the greatest scientists in the world, “the Father of Hybrid Rice”. 58．把一个梦想变成现实的最好方式就是立刻行动。 The best way to   reality is by acting right away. 59．面对这么多困难，我们决定继续奋斗，而不是放弃。 Facing so many difficulties, we decide to fight on giving up. 60．在课上，没有必要把屏幕上所有的东西都记下来。 In class there is no need to all the things on the screen. 五、选词填空 （一）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。 agree    carry    challenge    explore    four     make    one    reply    win    wonder 1．Life is . You never know what you’re going to face in the next minute. 2．In China, spring is a season to enjoy beautiful flowers. 3．All of us have the same opinion about it. I think we will be in with their decision. 4．I phoned Julia to make a date three times yesterday, but there were no . 5．John worked very hard and first place in the competition. 6．My mother promises a birthday cake for me every year. 7．—It is said that three of my classmates love listening to music in their free time. —It’s a good way to take a break from long time study. 8．There are so many desks and chairs. You should make enough people them out of the room. 9．The emperor ordered Zheng He the lands outside China. 10．The new bookshop is on the floor of the shopping centre. （二）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空 common count exact happen number quick represent symbol 1． stars again and again, the old man finally started to feel sleepy. 2．Mickey Mouse is one of the famous in American culture. 3．The letter “x” often an unknown number in some Maths exercises. 4．Do you know the date of World Book and Copyright Day ? I can’t remember what day of April it is. 5． are full of magic. I have a good time in Maths classes. 6．Scott brushes his teeth and leaves home without having breakfast. 7．We don’t know what in twenty years. The only thing we can do now is to try our best. 8．Making mistakes in class is to all, so be brave to face it. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 单元基础知识（单词、短语、句子）过关综合训练 一、单项选择 1．This is a new word. Remember to ________. A．write down it B．write it down C．write down them D．write them down 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是一个新词。记得写下来。 考查动词短语和宾格人称代词。write down写下；it“它”，宾格人称代词，单数；them“它们”，宾格人称代词，复数。宾格人称代词应该加在动副短语中间，故排除A和C选项；根据前一句“This is a new word.”可知，此处宾格人称代词要用it，指代前文提到的a new word。故选B。 2．I will buy a new flat ________ living in the old house if the price ________ next month. A．instead of; drops B．instead; will drop C．instead of; will drop D．instead; drops 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果下个月房价下跌，我会买一套新公寓，而不是继续住在旧房子里。 考查词汇辨析和条件状语从句的用法。 instead of代替，而不是，后接名词或动名词；instead代替，副词，单独使用时需置于句首或句末，且不接宾语。根据living可知，此处为动名词形式，空一应用短语instead of；if引导的条件状语从句中，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时，空二用drops。故选A。 3．Without a moment’s ________, she jumped into the river to save the child. A．explanation B．hesitation C．support D．requirement 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她毫不犹豫地跳进河里救那个孩子。 考查名词辨析。explanation解释；hesitation犹豫；support支持；requirement要求。根据“she jumped into the river to save the child”可知，这里指毫不犹豫地跳进河里救那个孩子，without hesitation意为“毫不犹豫地”，固定搭配，故选B。 4．The professor’s new theory aims to ________ the traditional understanding of human evolution. A．challenge B．explain C．support D．ignore 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这位教授的新理论旨在挑战人类进化的传统认知。 考查动词辨析。challenge质疑，挑战；explain解释；support支持；ignore忽视。分析句子结构和语义可知，句子主语是“The professor’s new theory”，宾语是“traditional understanding”，新理论与传统理解之间通常存在“挑战、补充或推翻”的关系，其他选项均不符合“新旧理论对立”的逻辑。故选A。 5．She had to ________ her efforts to meet the deadline. A．explain B．double C．support D．require 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她不得不加倍努力以赶上最后期限。 考查动词辨析。explain解释；double加倍；support支持；require需要。根据“...her efforts to meet the deadline.”可知，此处指“加倍努力”。故选B。 6．The young artist was thrilled to win the first ________ in the national competition. A．prize B．praise C．price D．practice 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这位年轻艺术家因在全国比赛中获得一等奖而激动不已。 考查名词词义辨析。prize奖品，奖项；praise赞扬； price价格； practice练习。根据 “win the first… in the national competition” 可知，是指在全国比赛中获奖。故选 A。 7．The olive branch (橄榄枝) always ________ peace all over the world. A．stands out B．stands for C．stands up D．stands by 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在全世界，橄榄枝总是代表着和平。 考查动词短语辨析。stands out突出，显眼；stands for代表，象征，stands up站起来，起立；stands by支持。根据常识可知，橄榄枝在文化寓意中象征和平。故选B。 8．Before you travel abroad, you’d better ________ the opening hours of the embassy in case you need to get some help. A．check B．choose C．collect D．correct 【答案】A 【详解】句意：出国前，你最好查一下大使馆的开放时间，以防需要帮助。 考查动词辨析。check检查；choose选择；collect收集；correct改正。根据句意可知，出国前需要“核对”大使馆的开放时间。故选A。 9．The man __________described what he saw so that the police could understand clearly. A．exactly B．simply C．gradually D．probably 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个男人准确地描述了他所看到的，以便警察能清楚地理解。 考查副词辨析。exactly精确地、确切地；simply简单地；gradually逐渐地；probably可能地。根据“so that the police could understand clearly”可知，此处需要表达“精确地描述”才能让警察清楚地理解，故选A。 10．The cheongsam (旗袍) is often worn by Chinese women to ________ Chinese culture around the world. A．discover B．represent C．create D．divide 【答案】B 【详解】句意：旗袍常被中国女性穿着，在全世界代表中国文化。 考查动词辨析。discover发现（指发现原本就存在但未被人知晓的事物）；represent代表；create创造；divide分开。根据“Chinese culture around the world”可知，旗袍作为中国传统服饰，被女性穿着向世界展示，能够代表中国文化。故选B。 11．The human body has a complex ________ that helps it fight against diseases. A．system B．structure C．pattern D．framework 【答案】A 【详解】句意：人体有一个复杂的系统，能帮助它抵抗疾病。 考查名词辨析。system系统；structure结构，构造；pattern模式，图案；framework框架，构架。根据“The human body has a complex...that helps it fight against diseases.”可知，人体内的各种功能系统专门负责抵抗疾病。故选A。 12．—Can you ________ the books on the shelf? —Sure. Let me see. There are 20 books. A．read B．write C．count D．see 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能数一下书架上的书吗？——当然。让我看看。有 20 本书。 考查动词辨析。read阅读；write写；count数，计数；see看见。根据“There are 20 books.”可知，此处是要对书的数量进行统计，所以应该用count。故选C。 13．The lion is often used as a ________ of courage. A．signal B．sign C．symbol D．mark 【答案】C 【详解】句意：狮子常被用作勇气的一种象征。 考查名词辨析。signal信号、暗号；sign符号、迹象、招牌等；symbol象征；mark标记、记号、分数。狮子常被看作勇气的象征，这里表示象征意义，所以用 symbol。故选C。 14．I ________ if we can go to the park tomorrow. A．wonder B．wander C．want D．wait 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我想知道我们明天能否去公园。 考查动词辨析。wonder想知道；wander漫步；want想要；wait等待。根据“if we can go”可知，此处为“wonder if + 从句”结构，表示“询问可能性”，故选A。 15．She didn’t ________ to my email until three days later. A．explain B．reply C．support D．require 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她直到三天后才回复我的邮件。 考查动词辨析。explain解释；reply回复；support支持；require要求。根据“to my email”可知，此处指回复邮件，reply to“回复”。故选B。 16．She ________ to finish the project by Friday, even though it seemed challenging. A．refused B．hesitated C．promised D．denied 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她保证在周五前完成项目，尽管这似乎很有挑战性。 考查动词辨析。refused拒绝；hesitated犹豫；promised承诺；denied否认。根据“even though it seemed challenging”可知，此处应是说她承诺克服困难按时完成。故选C。 17．You can find colorful flowers ________ in the garden during springtime. A．everywhere B．somewhere C．anywhere D．nowhere 【答案】A 【详解】句意：春天时，你在花园里到处都能看到五颜六色的花。 考查副词辨析。everywhere到处；somewhere某处；anywhere任何地方，常用于否定句或疑问句；nowhere无处。此句为肯定句，根据“colorful flowers”和“in the garden during springtime”可知，此处强调花朵分布的广泛性，到处都能看到。故选A。 18．—The movie The Wandering Earth tells us a story about how people tried to save Earth. —Yes. In the film, humans chose to stay on Earth ________ running away from it. A．as for B．thanks to C．instead of D．together with 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——电影《流浪地球》给我们讲述了一个人们如何努力拯救地球的故事。——是的。在电影中，人类选择留在地球上，而不是逃离它。 考查介词短语辨析。as for关于，至于；thanks to由于，多亏；instead of代替，而不是；together with和……一起。根据语境可知，此处是在描述电影中人类的选择，即他们选择留在地球上，而不是逃离。所以应该用instead of来表示“而不是”的意思。故选C。 19．The number of stars in the sky is ________. A．believable B．unbelievable C．small D．large 【答案】B 【详解】句意：天空中星星的数量是难以置信的。 考查形容词词义。believable可信的；unbelievable难以置信的；small小的；large大的。根据常识可知，天空中的星星数量极其庞大，超出一般人的想象，因此用unbelievable“难以置信的”，强调数量巨大到令人难以置信的程度。故选B。 20．Some numbers have special ________ in different cultures. A．stories B．meanings C．histories D．values 【答案】B 【详解】句意：有些数字在不同的文化中有特殊的含义。 考查名词辨析。stories故事；meanings意义；histories历史；values价值。根据“in different cultures”可知，有些数字在不同的文化中有特殊的含义。故选B。 二、单词拼写 21．She knew e what to say to comfort her friend in trouble. 【答案】(e)xactly 【详解】句意：她明确知道该说些什么来安慰处于困境中的朋友。根据句子结构，“knew”是谓语动词，需副词修饰以说明动作的程度或方式；结合首字母“e”和“what to say to comfort her friend in trouble”可知，这里指安慰朋友时明确知道该说什么，“exactly”意为“确切地”符合语境。故填(e)xactly。 22．You can find people using mobile phones e these days. 【答案】(e)verywhere 【详解】句意：如今，随处可见使用手机的人。根据“You can find people using mobile phones”以及首字母可推断，此处表达的是到处都能看到人们使用手机。everywhere“到处，处处”，副词，在句中作状语。故填(e)verywhere。 23．I don’t like coffee. I will have some tea i . 【答案】(i)nstead 【详解】句意：我不喜欢咖啡。我将要喝茶来代替。根据“I don’t like coffee”和“I will have some tea”的对比关系，可知此处需填入表示“代替”或“相反选择”的词。instead意为“代替、反而”，用于表示替代前文提到的事物或行为，符合此处语境。故填(i)nstead。 24．She didn’t r when I asked her a question. 【答案】(r)eply 【详解】句意：当我问她问题时，她没有回答。根据“when I asked her a question”及首字母r可知，此处需填表示“回答”的动词，reply“回答”，动词，符合语境。故填(r)eply。 25．The flag’s colors r the history and culture of the nation. 【答案】(r)epresent 【详解】句意：国旗的颜色代表了这个国家的历史和文化。空格位于主语“The flag’s colors”之后，需填入动词作谓语，且主语为复数，时态为一般现在时。结合句意可知国旗的颜色代表了这个国家的历史和文化，动词represent“代表”符合语境。故填(r)epresent。 26．She asked the children to c the number of stars drawn on the blackboard. 【答案】(c)ount 【详解】句意：她让孩子们数黑板上画的星星的数目。根据“the number of stars”和首字母可知，此处是让孩子们数一数黑板上的星星；count“数数”，动词；再根据ask sb. to do sth.“叫某人做某事”可知，此处应用动词原形。故填(c)ount。 27．My friend c me to a basketball game. 【答案】(c)hallenged 【详解】句意：我的朋友向我挑战一场篮球比赛。此句用一般过去时最合适，表示过去发生的事情。空处填动词过去式作谓语。根据“me to a basketball game”和首字母提示可知，此处指向我挑战篮球比赛。challenge sb to sth“向某人挑战……”，challenge“挑战”，动词，过去式为challenged。故填(c)hallenged。 28．Class One got the first p in the school football game. 【答案】(p)rize 【详解】句意：一班在学校足球比赛中获得了一等奖。根据“Class One got the first...in the school football game.”和首字母可知，此处指获得了一等奖，固定搭配“first prize”表示“一等奖”。故填(p)rize。 29．At the beginning of the new year, I want to make a b for my lucky money. 【答案】(b)udget 【详解】句意：在新年开始的时候，我想为我的压岁钱做一个预算。根据“At the beginning of the new year”以及“for my lucky money”和首字母可推断，此处表达的是想要为压岁钱做一个预算。budget“预算”，名词。结合“a”可知此处用单数。故填(b)udget。 30．Hunan is one of the most amazing p in China. 【答案】(p)rovinces 【详解】句意：湖南是中国最令人惊叹的省份之一。根据“Hunan”以及“in China”和首字母可推断，此处表达的是湖南是中国的一个省份，且由“one of the most amazing”可知，此处应用名词复数形式。province“省份”，复数形式为provinces。故填(p)rovinces。 31．The little boy is good at playing (国际象棋). 【答案】chess 【详解】句意：这个小男孩擅长下国际象棋。“国际象棋”用不可数名词chess。故填chess。 32．Don’t show any (犹豫) when trying new things. 【答案】hesitation 【详解】句意：尝试新事物时不要表现出任何犹豫。空处位于“any”后，填名词，作宾语。“犹豫”用名词hesitation。故填hesitation。 33．The (航班) to Beijing takes 3 hours. 【答案】flight 【详解】句意：飞往北京的航班花费3小时。“航班”用可数名词flight，此处指去北京的航班，用单数名词。故填flight。 34．The price of potatoes (加倍) last week. 【答案】doubled 【详解】句意：上周土豆的价格翻了一番。double“加倍”，动词；结合“last week”可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式doubled。故填doubled。 35．Many students don't know __________ （确切地）what they should learn at school. 【答案】exactly 【详解】句意：许多学生不确切地知道他们应该在学校学什么。所填词在句中修饰动词作状语该用副词形式，所以填写exactly，确切地。 36．The Mid-Autumn Festival is coming. I (想知道) where we will celebrate it. 【答案】wonder 【详解】句意：中秋节快到了。我想知道我们将在哪里庆祝它。 wonder“想知道”，动词。句子描述当前的想法，用一般现在时，主语为“I”，因此动词用原形wonder即可。故填wonder。 37．In nature, you can find new and interesting things (到处) with your own eyes. 【答案】everywhere 【详解】句意：在大自然中，你可以用自己的眼睛到处发现新的有趣的东西。根据括号内的中文可知，这里要填相应的副词everywhere。故填everywhere。 38．Could you give my bike a (检查)? It broke down. 【答案】check 【详解】句意：你能检查一下我的自行车吗？它坏了。check“检查”，是可数名词；根据“a”可知，此处用其单数形式。故填check。 39．To them, the most important thing is not to win a gold or a (银牌). 【答案】silver 【详解】句意：对他们来说，最重要的不是赢得金牌或银牌。silver“银牌”，a后跟名词单数。故填silver。 40．Last term, I won the first (奖品) in the English dubbing competition. 【答案】prize 【详解】句意：上学期我在英语配音比赛中获得了一等奖。prize“奖品”，the first prize“第一名”。故填prize。 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 41．The price of the book is 25 yuan, and I have 25 yuan in my wallet. (exact) 【答案】 exact exactly 【详解】句意：这本书的确切价格是25元，而且我的钱包里恰好有25元。根据句子结构，第一个空后接名词“price”，需形容词修饰名词，提示词“exact”本身是形容词，符合语法；第二个空修饰动词“have”，需副词，“exact”的副词形式“exactly”符合语义（恰好有 25 元）和语法要求。故填exact；exactly。 42．The grade has eighteen classes, and my friend is in Class . (eight) 【答案】 eighth Eight 【详解】句意：八年级有十八个班级，我的朋友在八班。第一空用“第八”修饰grade表示“第八年级”，因此用序数词“eighth”；第二空用于“Class+基数词”表示“八班”，因此填“Eight”。故填eighth；Eight。 43．She accepted the challenge without (hesitate). 【答案】hesitating/hesitation 【详解】句意：她毫不犹豫地接受了挑战。空处位于介词“without”后，填动名词或名词作宾语。hesitate“犹豫”，动词，动名词为hesitating，名词为hesitation“犹豫”，不可数名词。故填hesitating/hesitation。 44．It’s easy apples because they are objects. (count) 【答案】 to count countable 【详解】句意：苹果很容易计数，因为它们是可以计数的物体。It’s easy to do something“做某事很容易”，所以第一处空格填动词不定式；第二处空格应填形容词countable“可数的”，作表语。故填to count；countable。 45．We watched birds in the sky while waiting for our to Shanghai. (fly) 【答案】 fly flight 【详解】句意：我们在等去上海的航班时，看着鸟在天上飞。watch sb/sth do sth表示“观看某人/某物做某事的全过程”，故第一空填动词原形fly；“our” 后需接名词，fly的名词形式是flight“航班”，此处表示“去上海的航班”，故第二空填flight。故填fly；flight。 46．I’d like you (double) the amount for each of the rest of the squares. 【答案】to double 【详解】句意：我想要你把剩下每个方块的数量都翻倍。根据“I’d like you…”可知，是我想要你翻倍。would like sb. to do sth.表示“想要某人做某事”，此处需用不定式作宾语补足语。动词“double”意为“翻倍”，其不定式形式为“to double”，符合语境。故填to double。 47．She is (current) living with her grandparents. 【答案】currently 【详解】句意：她目前和她的祖父母一起生活。根据“She is...living with her grandparents.”可知，本句不缺少成分，current是形容词，意为“当前的，目前的”，此处用其副词形式currently“当前，目前”，修饰整个句子。故填currently。 48．We reached an (agree) on how to solve the problem. 【答案】agreement 【详解】句意：我们就如何解决这个问题达成了一致。agree“同意”，动词。reach an agreement“达成一致”，动词短语，agreement“一致”，名词作宾语。故填agreement。 49．The car was in bad condition, but I was sure he could repair it as he (promise). 【答案】promised 【详解】句意：这辆车的状况很糟糕，但我确信他能按照他的承诺修好它。根据“was”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填promised。 50．Tom (challenge) his friend to a chess game, and finally he won. 【答案】challenged 【详解】句意：汤姆向他的朋友挑战下一盘国际象棋，最后他赢了。根据“and finally he won”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的动作，要用一般过去时。challenge的过去式是challenged。故填challenged。 四、完成句子 51．对于学生来说，在日常生活中保护视力非常重要。 It’s very important for students their eyesight . 【答案】 to protect in daily life 【详解】对照中英文可知，本题缺少“保护”和“在日常生活中”。it’s important for sb to do sth意为“对某人来说，做某事很重要”，it作形式主语，不定式是真正的主语，protect意为“保护”；in daily life意为“在日常生活中”。故填to；protect；in；daily；life。 52．爸爸看了医生后，毫不犹豫地开始节食。 Father went on a diet after seeing the doctor. 【答案】 without hesitation 【详解】without hesitation“毫不犹豫”，介词短语作状语。故填without；hesitation。 53．罗马数字不如阿拉伯数字常见，也许是因为它们太难使用了！ Roman numerals are not Arabic numerals, maybe because they are difficult use! 【答案】 as/so      common   as too    to 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，英文句子应用“not as/so+形容词原级+as”表示“不如……”，用形容词common表示“常见的”，用too difficult to use表示“太难使用”。故填as/so；common；as；too；to。 54．多亏了老师的帮助，我过去数学很差，但现在我擅长了。 my teacher’s help, I be weak in math, but now I’m good at it. 【答案】 Thanks to used to 【详解】根据中英文对照，第一、二空缺“多亏”，其常用英语表达为“thanks to”，这是固定短语搭配；第三、四空缺“过去”，“used to”是固定结构，意为“过去常常；过去曾（而现在不再）”，用于描述过去的状态，契合“我过去数学很差”的语义。故填Thanks；to；used；to。 55．计数棒很容易理解，但写下大数字可能需要很长时间。 Tally sticks are easy , but it can take a long time to large numbers. 【答案】 to understand   write down 【详解】对比中英文可知，空处1缺少“理解”，其英文表达为understand，be easy to do sth.“容易做某事”；空处2缺少“写下”，其英文表达为write down，take a long time to do sth.“花费很长时间做某事”。故填to；understand；write；down。 56．不同的文化有不同的象征，一颗心往往代表爱。 Different cultures have , and a heart often love. 【答案】 different symbols stands for 【详解】根据中英文对照，空格1缺“不同的象征”，different“不同的”，后接可数名词复数形式；symbol“象征”，复数形式为symbols；空格2缺“代表”，且“stand for”是英文中“象征/代表”的固定搭配，主语是第三人称单数，此处动词用三单形式。故填different；symbols；stands；for。 57．袁隆平，世界上最伟大的科学家之一，作为“杂交水稻之父”而出名。 Yuan Longping, one of the greatest scientists in the world, “the Father of Hybrid Rice”. 【答案】 is     known    as 【详解】由汉语和英语翻译可知，be known as“作为……而出名”，主语是Yuan Longping，时态为一般现在时，be动词用is。故填is；known；as。 58．把一个梦想变成现实的最好方式就是立刻行动。 The best way to   reality is by acting right away. 【答案】 turn a dream into 【详解】由汉语和英语翻译可知，turn...into“把……变成”；a dream“一个梦想”。the best way to do sth.“做某事的最好方法”。故填turn；a；dream；into。 59．面对这么多困难，我们决定继续奋斗，而不是放弃。 Facing so many difficulties, we decide to fight on giving up. 【答案】 instead of 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，句子表达“继续奋斗，而不是放弃”，“而不是”常用短语instead of来表示，此处缺少“instead of”。故填instead；of 。 60．在课上，没有必要把屏幕上所有的东西都记下来。 In class there is no need to all the things on the screen. 【答案】 write down 【详解】据句意可知，此处表示“记下来”，用动词短语“write down”，又因为“to”后接动词原形构成不定式结构，在句中作真正的主语。故填write；down。 五、选词填空 （一）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。 agree    carry    challenge    explore    four     make    one    reply    win    wonder 1．Life is . You never know what you’re going to face in the next minute. 2．In China, spring is a season to enjoy beautiful flowers. 3．All of us have the same opinion about it. I think we will be in with their decision. 4．I phoned Julia to make a date three times yesterday, but there were no . 5．John worked very hard and first place in the competition. 6．My mother promises a birthday cake for me every year. 7．—It is said that three of my classmates love listening to music in their free time. —It’s a good way to take a break from long time study. 8．There are so many desks and chairs. You should make enough people them out of the room. 9．The emperor ordered Zheng He the lands outside China. 10．The new bookshop is on the floor of the shopping centre. 【答案】 1．challenging 2．wonderful 3．agreement 4．replies 5．won 6．to make 7．fourths 8．carry 9．to explore 10．first 【解析】1．句意：生活充满挑战。你永远不知道下一分钟你会面对什么。根据“Life is”及所给词可知，此处用形容词作表语，备选词challenge的形容词形式是challenging，意为“具有挑战性的”，符合语境。故填challenging。 2．句意：在中国，春天是一个欣赏美丽花朵的美好季节。根据“a…season”可知，此处需形容词修饰名词，备选词wonder的形容词形式是wonderful，意为“美好的”，符合“春天是赏花的美好季节”的语境。故填wonderful。 3．句意：我们所有人对此都有相同的看法。我认为我们会同意他们的决定。根据“be in…with”可知，此处需名词，备选词agree的名词形式是agreement，构成固定搭配be in agreement with“与……一致”。故填agreement。 4．句意：我昨天给茱莉亚打了三次电话想约会，但都没有回复。根据“there were no”可知，此处需名词复数，备选词reply的复数形式是replies，意为“回复”，符合“没有回复”的语境。故填replies。 5．句意：约翰非常努力，并在比赛中获得了第一名。根据“worked very hard and…”可知，此处需动词过去式与worked并列，备选词win的过去式是won，意为“赢得”，符合“赢得第一名”的语境。故填won。 6．句意：我妈妈承诺每年给我做一个生日蛋糕。根据“promises…”可知，此处需动词不定式，构成固定搭配promise to do sth“承诺做某事”，备选词make的不定式是to make，make a cake“做蛋糕”符合语境。故填to make。 7．句意：——据说我的同学中有四分之三喜欢在空闲时间听音乐。——这是从长时间学习中休息的好方法。根据“three…of”可知，此处需分数表达，分母用序数词的复数形式，备选词four的序数词是fourth，复数形式为fourths，three fourths“四分之三”。故填fourths。 8．句意：有这么多桌椅。你应该让足够的人把它们搬出房间。根据“make enough people…”可知，此处需动词原形，构成固定搭配make sb do sth“让某人做某事”，备选词carry意为“搬运”，carry out“搬出”符合语境。故填carry。 9．句意：皇帝命令郑和探索中国以外的土地。根据“ordered Zheng He…”可知，此处需动词不定式，构成固定搭配order sb to do sth“命令某人做某事”，备选词explore意为“探索”，符合“探索国外土地”的语境。故填to explore。 10．句意：新书店在购物中心的一楼。根据“on the…floor”可知，此处需序数词，备选词one的序数词是first，意为“第一”，符合“一楼”的语境。故填first。 （二）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空 common count exact happen number quick represent symbol 1． stars again and again, the old man finally started to feel sleepy. 2．Mickey Mouse is one of the famous in American culture. 3．The letter “x” often an unknown number in some Maths exercises. 4．Do you know the date of World Book and Copyright Day ? I can’t remember what day of April it is. 5． are full of magic. I have a good time in Maths classes. 6．Scott brushes his teeth and leaves home without having breakfast. 7．We don’t know what in twenty years. The only thing we can do now is to try our best. 8．Making mistakes in class is to all, so be brave to face it. 【答案】1．Counting 2．symbols 3．represents 4．exactly 5．Numbers 6．quickly 7．will happen 8．common 【解析】1．句意：一次又一次地数星星，老人终于开始感到昏昏欲睡。根据“stars again and again”可知，是数星星，count“数数”。此处应用其现在分词形式作状语，且句首单词首字母大写。故填Counting。 2．句意：米老鼠是美国文化中著名的象征之一。根据“in American culture”可知，米老鼠是美国文化的象征，symbol“象征”。“one of the+可数名词复数”表示“……之一”，为固定用法。故填symbols。 3．句意：字母“x”在一些数学练习中经常代表一个未知数。根据常识可知，字母x代表未知数，represent“代表”。主语The letter是第三人称单数，且时态是一般现在时，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填represents。 4．句意：你确切地知道世界图书与版权日的日期吗？我记不起它是四月的哪一天了。根据“I can’t remember what day of April it is.”可知，此处询问确切日期，exact“确切的”，此处应用副词exactly修饰动词know。故填exactly。 5．句意：数字充满魔力。我在数学课上过得很愉快。根据Maths classes及所给词可知，此处应选number“数字”；根据are可知，此处应填其复数形式；设空位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填Numbers。 6．句意：斯科特迅速刷完牙，没吃早饭就离开了家。根据“leaves home without having breakfast”可知，他快速离开家。此处表示“快速地”，应用副词quickly修饰动词。故填quickly。 7．句意：我们不知道未来二十年会发生什么。我们现在唯一能做的就是尽我们最大的努力。根据“The only thing we can do now is to try our best.”可知，是不知道未来会发生什么，happen“发生”。根据in twenty years可知句子的时态为一般将来时，故填will happen。 8．句意为：在课上犯错误对所有人来说是很普遍的，因此要勇敢地面对这件事。根据“Making mistakes in class is…”及所给词可知，此处表示“普遍的”，应用形容词common作表语。故填common。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $