精品解析：天津市崇化中学2025-2026学年高三上学期开学英语试题

崇化中学2025—2026学年度第一学期第一次过程性诊断 高三英语 第I卷(选择题，共115分) 第一部分：听力理解(共两小节，满分20分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒中的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where is the new stadium? A. Near Third Street. B. Opposite the supermarket. C. Across from the theater. 2. What are Celia and Jack probably doing now? A. Shopping. B. Having coffee. C. Walking in the park 3. Why can’t the woman go to the movies with the man? A. She will visit her uncle and aunt. B. She has no interest in watching the movie. C. She will accompany her relatives to the castle. 4. What does the man think of the woman’s dream? A. It’s impossible. B. It’s great. C. It’s practical. 5. How long did the woman’s father live abroad? A. Six months. B. Eight months. C. Twelve months. 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 听下面几段对话或独白，每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6. Where is the new Italian restaurant? A. It’s near the river. B. It’s on River Street. C. It’s in front of a French place. 7. When did the woman go to the restaurant? A. Last Wednesday. B. Last Friday. C. Last Saturday 8. How much did the woman spend in the restaurant? A. $8. B. $9. 50. C. $10. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。 9. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Schoolmates. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student. 10. What does the woman suggest doing? A. Cleaning people’s houses. B. Working at the car wash. C. Washing people’s cars. 11. How does the woman feel about hosting a concert at first? A. Surprised. B. Interested. C. Impatient. 听下面一段对话，回答第12至第15小题。 12. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. Changes in the country. B. Cities in the past and at present. C. Differences between town and country. 13 What separated cities from the countryside in the past? A. Buildings. B. People. C. Walls. 14. What was the country like in the past? A. Buildings were not crowded together B. Little land was covered with farms. C. There were too many people. 15. What can we learn from the talk? A. There is more farmland in the country. B. There many changes outside the city. C. There are no clear city limits. 第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节：单项填空(本题共15小题，每题1分，共15分) 1. —________?You look down today, Tom. —I got a“C”again in the English exam. A. What's up B. How are you C. How's everything D. What do you think of the English exam 2. After-school activities also play a part when students apply to college. However, they can ________ a lot of time. A. put up B. pick up C. take up D. turn up 3. By the time she reached the corner of the street, the injured _______ to the nearest hospital. A. was sent B. has been sent C. had been sent D. would be sent 4. Though he changed a lot in appearance, I ________ him the moment I saw him. A. knew B. admitted C. understood D. recognized 5. After-school activities offer an amazing ________ for students to improve themselves. A. performance B. pressure C. exploration D. opportunity 6. People have always been________ about how astronauts live in the spaceship. A excited B. curious C. anxious D. careful 7. I________ the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me. A. looked at B. was looking at C. had looked at D. would look at 8. In the investigation, many men still have difficulty _________ a woman as a business partner. A. accept B. accepting C. accepted D. to accept 9. The teacher is ______ to give us another quiz this week. A. likely B. possibly C. probably D. perhaps 10. Is there anything else ________ that you’d like to share with us? A. in panic B. as a result C. in particular D. in other words 11. If you have health examination________, any disease you may have can be discovered early. A. regularly B. actually C. gradually D. currently 12. Now more and more people are the importance of protecting the environment. A. tired of B. proud of C. fond of D. aware of 13. Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western Culture, but when and where _________ yet. A. hasn’t been decided B. haven’t decided C. isn’t being decided D. aren’t decided 14. －Are you excited now? －Of course. This is the first time that I ______ in such a beautiful garden city. A. travel B. will travel C. would travel D. have travelled 15. —With two exams and a presentation to prepare, I am________ these days. I’m afraid I won’t pass this time. —________. You can make it. A. killing two birds with one stone; Come on B. as busy as a bee; Hurry up C. throwing babies out with bath water; Hold your horses D. as busy as a bee; Cheer up 第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31~50各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中， 选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 My 14-year-old son, John, and I found out the coat which was hanging at a secondhand clothing store in Northampton Mass. All the other coats drooped (低垂)____16____this one looked as if it were holding itself up (支撑起来). The coat had beautiful tailoring, a Fifth Avenue label and a (an)____17____price of $28, which was popular just then with____18____, but could cost several hundred dollars new. This coat was even better with that____19____of classic design. John tried it on and fit was perfect. John wore the coat to school the next day and came home____20____a broad smile. “Did the kids like your coat?” I asked. “They loved it,” he said,____21____folding it over the back of a chair and smoothing it flat. Over the next few weeks, a____22____came over John. Agreement replaced contrariness (作对) and polite discussion replaced rude____23____. He became more mannerly and____24____, eager to please. He would generously lend his younger brother his bike, which he____25____wouldn’t. When I mentioned this incident to his teacher and____26____what caused the changes, she said laughing, “It____27____be his coat!” Another teacher told him she was giving him a good mark not only because he had earned____28____but because she liked his coat. At the library, we____29____a friend. “Could this be John?” he asked surprisingly,____30____John’s new height, assessing (评估) the cut of his coat and extending his hand, one gentleman to another. John and I both know we should never____31____a person’s clothes for the real person within them.____32____there is something to be said for wearing a standard of excellence for the world to see and for____33____what is on the inside to what is on the outside. For John it is a time when it is as easy to try on different approaches to life as it is to try on a____34____. The whole world, the whole future is right ahead, a vast landscape where all the doors are open. And he could____35____himself walking through those doors wearing his wonderful, magical coat. 16. A. while B. once C. until D. unless 17. A. unreasonable B. unbelievable C. expected D. acceptable 18. A. adults B. teenagers C. women D. strangers 19. A. color B. price C. style D. size 20. A. taking B. holding C. bringing D. wearing 21. A. eagerly B. comfortable C. carefully D. quickly 22. A. happiness B. change C. smile D. matter 23. A. doubt B. fight C. argument D. war 24. A. thoughtful B. handsome C. hopeful D. curious 25. A. gradually B. additionally C. normally D. entirely 26. A. concluded B. explored C. wondered D. discovered 27. A. might B. must C. should D. would 28. A. this B. them C. it D. one 29. A. showed off B. turned out C. came across D. turned up 30. A. looking up at B. looking down to C. checking up D. taking up 31. A. trust B. mistake C. exchange D. regard 32. A. But B. Though C. Since D. So 33. A. combining B. connecting C. matching D. relating 34. A. hint B. coat C. solution D. behavior 35. A. reflect B. figure C. believe D. picture 第三部分：阅读理解(本题共20小题，每题2.5分，共50分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A When you’re choosing a college, a lot of factors probably may be considered: the school’s reputation, the classes offered, and the professors in your major, to name a few. However, considering the increasing competitiveness of universities to attract more and more applicants, many schools now offer extra benefits to be enjoyed by all of their students. Here are some of the coolest: University of Missouri When you think of a campus gym, you probably picture a room equipped with old weights and out-of-date machines. However, at the University of Missouri, you can enjoy one of the best campus fitness centers in the country. It features an “indoor beach” complete with a waterfall and a lazy river, as well as a full-service spa. Even if you don’t normally enjoy working out, Missouri’s fitness center will give you a reason to go to the gym. High Point University If you see yourself quickly tired of dining hall food — something that happens to almost all of us — High Point University in North Carolina has a great option for you: a private steakhouse for students. It’s a first-class restaurant, and, best of all, you don’t have to pay for the meal out of your own pocket. You can use your dining dollars instead. Set on Hall University If you’re stressing out about the extra cost of technology when you start college, Seton Hall has great news for you: all freshmen are given free laptops through the university’s Mobile Computing Program. As a freshman, you’ll receive a laptop already set up with all of the software that you’ll need as a student. Then, after two years, you’ll receive a new and updated laptop designed to carry to through until after you graduate. New York University If you’re a fan of museums, NYU (New York University) is the perfect university for you not only are you located in the heart of a city featuring some of the best museums in the world, but the university will even provide you with free admission to many of them. You can take advantage of visiting free museums at any time you want — and you’ll never be bored on the weekends. 36. What can we learn from Paragraph1? A. It is hard to be admitted to a university. B. A university’s fame is the top consideration. C. The competition to attract applicants is fierce. D. Extra benefits makes no difference to applicants. 37. What can we learn about the fitness center in the University of Missouri? A. Its equipment is out of date. B. It is the best one in the world. C. It has a real beach there. D. It can arouse students’ interest in workout. 38 Which university offers extra benefit of food? A. University of Missouri. B. High Point University. C. Seton Hall University. D. New York University. 39. What can be guaranteed for students choosing Seton Hall University? A. Free tuition. B. Free accommodation. C. Free computers D. High graduation rate. 40. Which of the following is true of New York University? A. It is located in the center of the city. B It houses the best museums in the world. C. All the museums are open to its students for free. D. Museums are usually closed on the weekends. B Everyone tries their best in life, and sometimes a few kind words of encouragement can help people realize that their efforts are not in vain (徒劳).Ⅰ remember a time when I was in fifth grade, and I was a very shy girl. There was a drawing competition at my school that day. As everyone started to use their creative ideas to draw, I was only trying to think of something creative that could express my thoughts and emotions. Lost in my own world, I was brought back to reality when my art teacher called my name from behind. She came to me and encouraged me, saying, “Don’t overthink it, just put whatever comes to your mind on the canvas (画布). Do your best, and you will do well.” Taking her words of wisdom to heart, I started my painting. Time flew by, and soon the bell rang, signaling the end of the time limit. We all turned in our canvases for inspection (检查). The next day, the winners of the competition were announced in front of the whole school. To my surprise, I heard my name being called second prize. It was a bolt from the blue for me, as I had never dared to dream of winning any prize. Later on, I expressed my gratitude to my art teacher for her words of encouragement and for believing in me. That day, I became aware of my talent and started painting more whenever I had free time. Sometimes, I think that if it weren’t for her words of encouragement, I may have never discovered the talent I have. Overall, this experience taught me the importance of encouraging others and how a few kind words can make a significant impact on someone’s life. 41. What was the author doing when called by the art teacher? A. Organizing a drawing competition. B. Trying to get some creative ideas. C. Painting her work on her canvas. D. Trying to get help from others. 42. What did the author think of the competition? A. Easy B. Interesting C. Challenging D. Encouraging. 43. What do the underlined words “bolt from the blue” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Addiction B. Puzzlement C. Disappointment D. Surprise 44. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The author didn’t show a talent for drawing. B. The author was forced to participate in a drawing competition. C. The author started her painting under the teacher’s encouragement. D. The judge awarded the author the third prize for her picture. 45. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. The Power of Encouragement B. The Importance of Art Competitions C. Overcoming Shyness Through Painting D. Discovering Your Great Natural Ability C How does an ecosystem(生态系统) work? What makes the populations of different species the way they are? Why are there so many flies and so few wolves? To find an answer, scientists have built mathematical models of food webs, noting who eats whom and how much each one eats. With such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs. Most food webs, for instance, consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones. When a predator(掠食动物) always eats huge numbers of a single prey(猎物), the two species are strongly linked; when a predator lives on various species, they are weakly linked. Food webs may be dominated by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term. If a predator can eat several species, it can survive the extinction(灭绝) of one of them. And if a predator can move on to another species that is easier to find when a prey species becomes rare, the switch allows the original prey to recover. The weak links may thus keep species from driving one another to extinction. Mathematical models have also revealed that food webs may be unstable, where small changes of top predators can lead to big effects throughout entire ecosystems. In the 1960s, scientists proposed that predators at the top of a food web had a surprising amount of control over the size of populations of other species—including species they did not directly attack. And unplanned human activities have proved the idea of top-down control by top predators to be true. In the ocean, we fished for top predators such as cod on an industrial scale, while on land, we killed off large predators such as wolves. These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance. Scientists have built an early-warning system based on mathematical models. Ideally, the system would tell us when to adapt human activities that are pushing an ecosystem toward a breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem back from the borderline. Prevention is key, scientists say, because once ecosystems pass their tipping point(临界点), it is remarkably difficult for them to return. 46. What have scientists discovered with the help of mathematical models of food webs? A. The living habits of species in food webs. B. The rules governing food webs of the ecosystems. C. The approaches to studying the species in the ecosystems. D. The differences between weak and strong links in food webs. 47. A strong link is found between two species when a predator ________. A. has a wide food choice B. can easily find new prey C. sticks to one prey species D. can quickly move to another place 48. What will happen if the populations of top predators in a food web greatly decline? A. The prey species they directly attack will die out. B. The species they indirectly attack will turn into top predators. C. The living environment of other species will remain unchanged. D. The populations of other species will experience unexpected changes. 49. What conclusion can be drawn from the examples in Paragraph 4? A Uncontrolled human activities greatly upset ecosystems. B. Rapid economic development threatens animal habitats. C. Species of commercial value dominate other species. D. Industrial activities help keep food webs stable. 50. How does an early-warning system help us maintain the ecological balance? A. By getting illegal practices under control. B. By stopping us from killing large predators. C. By bringing the broken-down ecosystems back to normal. D. By signaling the urgent need for taking preventive action. D In 1999, Google hired its 53rd employee called Charlie Ayers. This employee was unique. He didn’t develop software, nor did he have business knowledge. In fact, he just worked for a famous band. But Charlie won a cooking competition held by the company. Then, he became the company’s chef. He would help Google feed its employees. Since then, Google’s policy of free snacks has been copied. This policy may make sense for some companies since employees don’t need to travel far to eat. The companies think it can also improve traffic during lunch hour. But firms’ free-snack policy has been attacked by politicians. They believe it extremely reduces the number of customers of local restaurants, which causes many of them to break down and eventually harms the relevant industry. So, officials are preventing Facebook opening a canteen at its new campus. There have been many theories explaining what motivate firms to provide free snacks. Some argue it’s a firm’s dirty trick to keep workers working for longer hours. Others argue it’s about helping the firm attract talents. Still others say rich firms are just generous and that their generosity, in turn, makes their workers happier and more productive. All of these may contribute to the firms’ free snacks. Google says its food system is about promoting teamwork and. creativity. The idea is that it provides chances to bond and exchange ideas when employees randomly meet and eat together. This, they believe, encourages creativity. While free snacks might increase the amount of time employees spend in the office, the theory that it increases creativity lacks evidence. Actually, evidence suggests unlimited candy and chips in the break room will affect people’s cognitive performance, which might eventually prevent workers from thinking intelligently. It’s no wonder that some. Google’s competitors rejected the food policy. If companies want workers to exchange ideas, regular meals can make it. A better food system for companies is one where workers would be given a credit card for food purchases. Some colleges have a similar food system, which offers discount to fruits and vegetables and places an extra cost on junk food—junk food, after all could end up increasing the company’s health insurance bills. There’s no such thing as a free lunch. The same is true for snacks. 51. Why does the author mention Charlie Ayers in Paragraph 1? A. To offer the background of the text. B. To introduce the topic of the passage. C. To expand understanding of the topic. D. To show the structure of the passage. 52. What do politicians think of firms’ free-snack policy? A. It does increase the employees’ creativity. B. It’s beneficial to local transportation. C. It strengthens the unity of the firms’ employees. D. It brings negative effect on local restaurants. 53. What’s Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The possible causes of some firms’ free-snack policy. B. The importance of the free snack policy. C. The benefits of free-snack policy to workers. D. The oppositions to the free snack policy. 54. Why do some companies decline the free snack policy? A. They are unaware of its positive influence. B. They consider it a big financial burden. C. They think it weakens employees’ creativity. D. They find it unattractive to many employees. 55. Which of the following will the author agree with? A. Companies should increase their insurance bills on workers. B. Colleges’ food systems tend to be superior to companies’. C. A good food system can give discounts to any food. D. Free snacks are unnecessary in the companies. 第Ⅱ卷(非选择题，共25分) 第一部分：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英语回答问题 My job consists of planning, producing operating scientific instruments in-flight, and I am grateful for having worked on missions(太空飞行任务) on Saturn, the Moon, and our own planet Earth. When I was a high-schooler, I was unsure of what college I wanted to attend, or what major I wanted to choose. After receiving an email from a college called Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) I decided to apply to a summer program they were offering with the encouragement of my mom. After taking part in that program, I knew that MIT was the right university for me. The enthusiastic students and endless opportunities developed a feeling of belonging in me that led me to apply and eventually get accepted. The most exciting and fulfilling(令人满足的) part of being an engineer is that I am able to work on projects that benefit humans. What they may not imagine is the great body of work being done to study our own home -Earth. I am thankful to have a career that to commit myself to that allows me responsibility. The most exciting part of my career has been seeing the end of the Cassini mission to Saturn. Some of the people on the team had been working on the mission for longer than I had been alive, but they still treated me as one of their own. I was given the opportunity to operate the cameras that would catch breathtaking(激动人心的) images of the planet. And when the Cassini spacecraft had run out of fuel, I quickly learned that it was not just the end of the mission, but the end of a team. The night we watched with bittersweet longing as its signal faded to nothing is something that I will always keep in my memories. And while Cassini will be remembered for its historic contributions, what I will remember it for is the team it brought together. My friends often ask why a girl could achieve all these. I always grew up as a big fan of fiction. I read the Harry Potter books and loved anything fantasy. I realized that the common theme of hero stories is that the hero must always make a choice to start their adventure. If you don’t pick up the sword(剑)in your own story because you are afraid of what may happen next, you risk not having a story at all. 56. Why did the author apply to MIT? (No more than 8 words) _____________________________________________________________ 57. What does the author think about her job according to Paragraph 3? (No more than 15 words) _____________________________________________________________ 58. How did the author feel when seeing the end of the Cassini mission to Satern ? (No more than 8 words) _____________________________________________________________ 59. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 means? (No more than 2 words) _____________________________________________________________ 60. What can you learn from the story? Put it in your own words. (No more than 25 words) _____________________________________________________________ 第二部分：书面表达(满分25分) 61. 假设你是晨光中学的学生李津。你的英国好友Chris 发来邮件表示即将来津，并 打算利用这次机会游览一处天津景点，请你回信。内容应包括以下要点： (1) 推荐一处天津景点(名称、位置); (2) 说明推荐理由; (3) 出游时的注意事项。 注意：(1)词数不少于100; (2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯;(3)开头已 为你写好，不计入词数。 Dear Chris, I am pleased to learn that you are coming to Tianjin. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Jin 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 崇化中学2025—2026学年度第一学期第一次过程性诊断 高三英语 第I卷(选择题，共115分) 第一部分：听力理解(共两小节，满分20分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒中的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where is the new stadium? A. Near Third Street. B. Opposite the supermarket. C. Across from the theater. 2. What are Celia and Jack probably doing now? A. Shopping. B. Having coffee. C. Walking in the park 3. Why can’t the woman go to the movies with the man? A. She will visit her uncle and aunt. B. She has no interest in watching the movie. C. She will accompany her relatives to the castle. 4. What does the man think of the woman’s dream? A. It’s impossible. B. It’s great. C. It’s practical. 5. How long did the woman’s father live abroad? A. Six months. B. Eight months. C. Twelve months. 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 听下面几段对话或独白，每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6. Where is the new Italian restaurant? A. It’s near the river. B. It’s on River Street. C. It’s in front of a French place. 7. When did the woman go to the restaurant? A. Last Wednesday. B. Last Friday. C. Last Saturday 8. How much did the woman spend in the restaurant? A. $8. B. $9. 50. C. $10. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。 9. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Schoolmates. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student. 10. What does the woman suggest doing? A. Cleaning people’s houses. B. Working at the car wash. C. Washing people’s cars. 11. How does the woman feel about hosting a concert at first? A. Surprised. B. Interested. C. Impatient. 听下面一段对话，回答第12至第15小题。 12. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. Changes in the country. B. Cities in the past and at present. C. Differences between town and country. 13. What separated cities from the countryside in the past? A Buildings. B. People. C. Walls. 14. What was the country like in the past? A. Buildings were not crowded together B. Little land was covered with farms. C. There were too many people. 15. What can we learn from the talk? A. There is more farmland in the country. B. There many changes outside the city. C. There are no clear city limits. 第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节：单项填空(本题共15小题，每题1分，共15分) 1. —________?You look down today, Tom. —I got a“C”again in the English exam. A. What's up B. How are you C. How's everything D. What do you think of the English exam 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——发生了什么事？Tom，你今天看起来很沮丧。——我英语考试又得了“C”。A. What's up发生了什么事；B. How are you你好吗；C. How's everything一切还好吧；D. What do you think of the English exam你觉得这次英语考试怎么样。根据后文You look down today, Tom.可知是因为Tom看起来很沮丧，所以询问Tom发生了什么事。故选A。 2. After-school activities also play a part when students apply to college. However, they can ________ a lot of time. A. put up B. pick up C. take up D. turn up 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当学生申请大学时，课外活动也起到了一定的作用。然而，它们可能会占用大量时间。A. put up张贴；B. pick up拿起；C. take up占用；D. turn up出现。根据句意可知，they指代空前的“After-school activities”，故第二句想表达“课外活动可能会占用大量时间”，故填take up，且情态动词can后动词用原形。故选C。 3. By the time she reached the corner of the street, the injured _______ to the nearest hospital. A. was sent B. has been sent C. had been sent D. would be sent 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：当她走到街角时，伤者已被送往最近的医院。send是主句谓语动词，与主语the injured(伤者)之间是被动关系，结合时间状语By the time she reached the corner of the street可知，动作发生在“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时态。故选C项。 4. Though he changed a lot in appearance, I ________ him the moment I saw him. A. knew B. admitted C. understood D. recognized 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然他的外表变了很多，但我一眼就认出了他。A. knew知道；B. admitted承认；C. understood理解；D. recognized认出。根据前文“Though he changed a lot in appearance”可知，后文表转折，所以应该是“一眼就认出了他”符合语境。故选D项。 5. After-school activities offer an amazing ________ for students to improve themselves. A. performance B. pressure C. exploration D. opportunity 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：课外活动为学生提供了一个提高自我的绝佳机会。A. performance表现；B. pressure压力；C. exploration探索；D. opportunity机会。根据句意可知，课外活动给学生提供的是提高自我的机会，故选D。 6. People have always been________ about how astronauts live in the spaceship. A. excited B. curious C. anxious D. careful 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：人们一直对宇航员在宇宙飞船里的生活方式感到好奇。A. excited激动的；B. curious好奇的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. careful仔细的。短语be curious about，意为“对……感到好奇”，根据句意可知，这里指人们对宇航员生活方式感到“好奇”。故选B项。 7. I________ the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me. A. looked at B. was looking at C. had looked at D. would look at 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查过去进行时。句意：我正在看布告栏上的照片，突然听到身后有个声音。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定句型“be doing sth. when...”，表示“当某人或某物正在或正要做某事，就在这时突然又发生了另一件事”，根据句中“heard”可知，“when”引导从句为一般过去时，故主句应用过去进行时。故选B项。 8. In the investigation, many men still have difficulty _________ a woman as a business partner. A. accept B. accepting C. accepted D. to accept 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在调查中，许多男性仍然难以接受女性作为商业伙伴。此处为短语have difficulty (in) doing sth.，动名词作宾语。故选B。 9. The teacher is ______ to give us another quiz this week. A. likely B. possibly C. probably D. perhaps 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词、副词词义辨析。句意：这周老师可能会再给我们一次测验。A. likely可能的； B. possibly可能，副词； C. probably大概，副词；D. perhaps也许，副词。系动词be后用形容词，作表语，be likely to do表示可能做。故选A。 10. Is there anything else ________ that you’d like to share with us? A. in panic B. as a result C. in particular D. in other words 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：您还有什么特别想和我们分享的吗？A. in panic惊慌失措；B. as a result结果；C. in particular特别地；D. in other words换句话说。根据句意，此处表达“特别地”，in particular作状语，符合题意。故选C项。 11. If you have health examination________, any disease you may have can be discovered early. A. regularly B. actually C. gradually D. currently 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你定期做健康检查，你可能患有的任何疾病都可以及早发现。A. regularly定期地；B. actually实际上；C. gradually逐渐地；D. currently目前。根据后文“any disease you may have can be discovered early”可知是定期做检查。故选A。 12. Now more and more people are the importance of protecting the environment. A. tired of B. proud of C. fond of D. aware of 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：现在越来越多的人意识到保护环境的重要性。A. tired of对……厌倦；B. proud of对……骄傲；C. fond of喜爱；D. aware of对……有意识。根据the importance of protecting the environment可知，表示“保护环境的意识”用be aware of。故选D。 13. Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western Culture, but when and where _________ yet. A. hasn’t been decided B. haven’t decided C. isn’t being decided D. aren’t decided 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：James教授将会给我做一个关于西方文化的演讲，但是何时何地还没有确定。句子的主语是when and where指一件事情的两个方面，仍然使用单数形式。根据yet说明使用现在完成时。故A正确。 14. －Are you excited now? －Of course. This is the first time that I ______ in such a beautiful garden city. A. travel B. will travel C. would travel D. have travelled 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：——你现在兴奋吗?——当然。这是我第一次在这样美丽的花园城市旅行。分析句子可知，This is the first time that后接的从句应用现在完成时，即have travelled。故选D项。 15. —With two exams and a presentation to prepare, I am________ these days. I’m afraid I won’t pass this time. —________. You can make it. A. killing two birds with one stone; Come on B. as busy as a bee; Hurry up C. throwing babies out with bath water; Hold your horses D. as busy as a bee; Cheer up 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查习惯表达和情景交际。句意：——有两场考试和一个报告要准备，我这些天忙得不可开交。恐怕这次我过不了。——振作起来。你能做到的。第一空A. killing two birds with one stone一石二鸟；B. as busy as a bee极忙碌；C. throwing babies out with bath water不分良莠；D. as busy as a bee极忙碌。根据上文“With two exams and a presentation to prepare”可知有两场考试和一个报告要准备，所以是指非常忙碌，应用as busy as a bee；第二空A. Come on拜托；B. Hurry up赶紧；C. Hold your horses不要着急，耐心一点；D. Cheer up振作起来。根据后文“You can make it.”可知对方在鼓励，cheer up最符合语境。故选D。 第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31~50各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中， 选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 My 14-year-old son, John, and I found out the coat which was hanging at a secondhand clothing store in Northampton Mass. All the other coats drooped (低垂)____16____this one looked as if it were holding itself up (支撑起来). The coat had beautiful tailoring, a Fifth Avenue label and a (an)____17____price of $28, which was popular just then with____18____, but could cost several hundred dollars new. This coat was even better with that____19____of classic design. John tried it on and fit was perfect. John wore the coat to school the next day and came home____20____a broad smile. “Did the kids like your coat?” I asked. “They loved it,” he said,____21____folding it over the back of a chair and smoothing it flat. Over the next few weeks, a____22____came over John. Agreement replaced contrariness (作对) and polite discussion replaced rude____23____. He became more mannerly and____24____, eager to please. He would generously lend his younger brother his bike, which he____25____wouldn’t. When I mentioned this incident to his teacher and____26____what caused the changes, she said laughing, “It____27____be his coat!” Another teacher told him she was giving him a good mark not only because he had earned____28____but because she liked his coat. At the library, we____29____a friend. “Could this be John?” he asked surprisingly,____30____John’s new height, assessing (评估) the cut of his coat and extending his hand, one gentleman to another. John and I both know we should never____31____a person’s clothes for the real person within them.____32____there is something to be said for wearing a standard of excellence for the world to see and for____33____what is on the inside to what is on the outside. For John it is a time when it is as easy to try on different approaches to life as it is to try on a____34____. The whole world, the whole future is right ahead, a vast landscape where all the doors are open. And he could____35____himself walking through those doors wearing his wonderful, magical coat. 16. A. while B. once C. until D. unless 17. A. unreasonable B. unbelievable C. expected D. acceptable 18. A. adults B. teenagers C. women D. strangers 19. A. color B. price C. style D. size 20. A. taking B. holding C. bringing D. wearing 21. A. eagerly B. comfortable C. carefully D. quickly 22. A. happiness B. change C. smile D. matter 23 A. doubt B. fight C. argument D. war 24. A. thoughtful B. handsome C. hopeful D. curious 25 A. gradually B. additionally C. normally D. entirely 26. A. concluded B. explored C. wondered D. discovered 27. A. might B. must C. should D. would 28. A. this B. them C. it D. one 29. A. showed off B. turned out C. came across D. turned up 30. A. looking up at B. looking down to C. checking up D. taking up 31. A. trust B. mistake C. exchange D. regard 32. A. But B. Though C. Since D. So 33. A. combining B. connecting C. matching D. relating 34. A. hint B. coat C. solution D. behavior 35. A. reflect B. figure C. believe D. picture 【答案】16. A 17. B 18. B 19. C 20. D 21. C 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了她的儿子在穿上了自己喜爱的新衣服后的行为变化。这让作者想到，虽然说不能以貌取人，但是穿着优雅得体，并在思想上、言语上、行动上实践优秀的标准，以达到内外的和谐统一，这又另当别论。 【16题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：其它所有的外套都耷拉着，而这一件看起来好像挺起了身子。A. while而；B. once一旦；C. until直到；D. unless除非。根据上文“All the other coats drooped (低垂)”及下文“this one looked as if it were holding itself up (支撑起来).”可知，前后句意存在对比关系，应用while。故选A。 【17题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这件外套剪裁精美，有第五大道的品牌，28美元的价格令人难以置信，当时在青少年中很流行，但新买的可能要花几百美元。A. unreasonable不合理的；B. unbelievable难以置信的；C. expected预期的；D. acceptable可接受的。根据下文“but could cost several hundred dollars new.”可知，28美元的价格是令人“难以置信的”。故选B。 【18题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这件外套剪裁精美，有第五大道的品牌，28美元的价格令人难以置信，当时在青少年中很流行，但新买的可能要花几百美元。A. adults成年人；B. teenagers青少年；C. women妇女；D. strangers陌生人。根据上文“My 14-year-old son, John, and I spotted the coat which was hanging at a secondhand clothing store in Northampton Mass.”可知，作者的儿子要买衣服，此处指这款衣服当时在“青少年”中很流行。故选B。 【19题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这件大衣配上那种古典优雅的风格就更好了。A. color颜色；B. price价格；C. style风格；D. size尺寸。根据空后“of classic elegance”可知，此处指衣服的“风格”。故选C。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，约翰穿着这件外套去上学，回家时脸上挂着灿烂的笑容。A. taking携带，带走，服用；B. holding持有；C. bringing带来；D. wearing面带。根据空后“a broad smile”可知，此处指“脸上带着”灿烂的笑容。故选D。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“他们很喜欢，”他说着，小心翼翼地把它叠在椅背上，把它抚平。A. eagerly热切地；B. comfortable舒适的；C. carefully小心地；D. quickly迅速地。根据下文“folding it over the back of a chair and smoothing it flat”可知，约翰很珍惜这件衣服，所以“小心翼翼地”把它叠在椅背上。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几个星期里，约翰发生了变化。A. happiness幸福；B. change变化；C. smile微笑；D. matter事情。根据下文“Agreement replaced contrariness (作对) and polite discussion replaced rude ____ . He became more mannerly and ____ , eager to please.”可知，约翰发生了“变化”。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：协商取代了对立，礼貌的讨论取代了粗鲁的争论。A. doubt怀疑；B. fight打架；C. argument争论；D. war战争。根据上文“Agreement replaced contrariness (作对) and polite discussion replaced”可知，此处在对比，与“有礼貌的讨论”对立的是“粗鲁的争论”。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他变得更有礼貌，更体贴，更渴望取悦别人。A. thoughtful体贴的；B. handsome英俊的；C. hopeful充满希望的；D. curious好奇的。根据下文“He would generously lend his younger brother his bike, which he 10 wouldn’t.”可知，约翰变得更“体贴”了。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他会慷慨地把自行车借给他弟弟，而平时他是不会这么做的。A. gradually逐渐地；B. additionally另外；C. normally正常地，通常；D. entirely完全地。根据上文“He became more mannerly and ____ , eager to please.”可知，约翰现在变得更体贴了，通常情况下他是不会慷慨地把自行车借给他弟弟的。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我把这件事告诉他的老师，想知道是什么导致了这些变化时，她笑着说：“一定是他的外套！”A. concluded推断出；B. explored探索；C. wondered想知道；D. discovered发现。根据上文“When I mentioned this incident to his teacher”及下文“what caused the changes,”可知，作者把这件事告诉他的老师，“想知道”是什么导致了这些变化。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：当我把这件事告诉他的老师，想知道是什么导致了这些变化时，她笑着说：“一定是他的外套！”A. might可能；B. must(表示很可能或符合逻辑)一定；C. should应该；D. would会。根据空后“be his coat!”中感叹号可知，老师给出了肯定的回答，“一定”是他的外套导致了这些变化。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查代词词义辨析。句意：另一位老师告诉他，她给他打高分不仅是因为他应得的，还因为她喜欢他的外套。A. this这个；B. them他们；C. it它；D. one一个。此处指代本句中的“a good mark”，应用代词it。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在图书馆，我们遇到了一位朋友。A. showed off炫耀；B. turned out结果是；C. came across遇到；D. turned up出现。根据上文“At the library”及下文“a friend”可知，此处指在图书馆，我们“遇到了”一位朋友。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“会是约翰吗？”他惊讶地问道，抬头看着约翰的新身高，打量着他外套的剪裁，然后伸出手，绅士之间互相握手。A. looking up at抬头看；B. looking down to俯视，看不起；C. checking up检查；D. taking up占用。根据空后“John’s new height”及常识可知，此处指“抬头”看着约翰的新身高。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：约翰和我都知道，我们永远不应该把一个人的衣服误认为是里面真正的人。A. trust信任；B. mistake把……误认为；C. exchange交换；D. regard认为。根据空后“a person’s clothes for the real person within them.”及常识可知，我们不能以貌取人，所以我们永远不应该把一个人的衣服“误认为”是里面真正的人。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：但是，穿出一种卓越的标准，让世界看到，让内在与外在相匹配，这是有道理的。A. But但是；B. Though尽管；C. Since自从；D. So所以。由上文“John and I both know we should never ____ a person’s clothes for the real person within them”以及下文可知，前后句意存在转折关系，应用表转折的并列连词but。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，穿出一种卓越的标准，让世界看到，让内在与外在相匹配，这是有道理的。A. combining组合；B. connecting连接；C. matching匹配；D. relating联系。根据空后“what is on the inside to what is on the outside”可知，此处指让内在与外在相“匹配”。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对约翰来说，在这个时代，尝试不同的生活方式就像试一件外套一样容易。A. hint提示；B. coat外套；C. solution解决方案；D. behavior行为。根据上文“This coat was even better with that ____ of classic elegance. John tried it on and fit was perfect.”可知，此处把尝试新的生活比作尝试一件“外套”。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他可以想象自己穿着那件神奇的魔法外套走进那些门。A. reflect反思；B. figure计算；C. believe相信；D. picture想象。根据下文“himself walking through those doors wearing his wonderful, magical coat”可知，此处指“想象”自己穿着那件神奇的魔法外套走进那些门。故选D。 第三部分：阅读理解(本题共20小题，每题2.5分，共50分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A When you’re choosing a college, a lot of factors probably may be considered: the school’s reputation, the classes offered, and the professors in your major, to name a few. However, considering the increasing competitiveness of universities to attract more and more applicants, many schools now offer extra benefits to be enjoyed by all of their students. Here are some of the coolest: University of Missouri When you think of a campus gym, you probably picture a room equipped with old weights and out-of-date machines. However, at the University of Missouri, you can enjoy one of the best campus fitness centers in the country. It features an “indoor beach” complete with a waterfall and a lazy river, as well as a full-service spa. Even if you don’t normally enjoy working out, Missouri’s fitness center will give you a reason to go to the gym. High Point University If you see yourself quickly tired of dining hall food — something that happens to almost all of us — High Point University in North Carolina has a great option for you: a private steakhouse for students. It’s a first-class restaurant, and, best of all, you don’t have to pay for the meal out of your own pocket. You can use your dining dollars instead. Set on Hall University If you’re stressing out about the extra cost of technology when you start college, Seton Hall has great news for you: all freshmen are given free laptops through the university’s Mobile Computing Program. As a freshman, you’ll receive a laptop already set up with all of the software that you’ll need as a student. Then, after two years, you’ll receive a new and updated laptop designed to carry to through until after you graduate. New York University If you’re a fan of museums, NYU (New York University) is the perfect university for you not only are you located in the heart of a city featuring some of the best museums in the world, but the university will even provide you with free admission to many of them. You can take advantage of visiting free museums at any time you want — and you’ll never be bored on the weekends. 36. What can we learn from Paragraph1? A. It is hard to be admitted to a university. B. A university’s fame is the top consideration. C. The competition to attract applicants is fierce. D. Extra benefits makes no difference to applicants. 37. What can we learn about the fitness center in the University of Missouri? A. Its equipment is out of date. B. It is the best one in the world. C. It has a real beach there. D. It can arouse students’ interest in workout. 38. Which university offers extra benefit of food? A. University of Missouri. B. High Point University. C. Seton Hall University. D. New York University. 39. What can be guaranteed for students choosing Seton Hall University? A. Free tuition. B. Free accommodation. C. Free computers D. High graduation rate. 40. Which of the following is true of New York University? A. It is located in the center of the city. B. It houses the best museums in the world. C. All the museums are open to its students for free. D. Museums are usually closed on the weekends. 【答案】36. C 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四所不同大学为吸引学生而提供的特色福利，以帮助读者做出更好的选择。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“When you’re choosing a college, a lot of factors probably may be considered: the school’s reputation, the classes offered, and the professors in your major, to name a few. However, considering the increasing competitiveness of universities to attract more and more applicants, many schools now offer extra benefits to be enjoyed by all of their students.(当你选择一所大学时，可能会考虑很多因素：学校的声誉，提供的课程，以及你专业的教授，等等。然而，考虑到大学为了吸引越来越多的申请者而增加的竞争力，许多学校现在为所有学生提供额外的福利。)”可知，大学为了吸引越来越多的申请者的竞争非常激烈。故选C。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“University of Missouri”部分中的“However, at the University of Missouri, you can enjoy one of the best campus fitness centers in the country. It features an “indoor beach” complete with a waterfall and a lazy river, as well as a full-service spa. Even if you don’t normally enjoy working out, Missouri’s fitness center will give you a reason to go to the gym.(然而，在密苏里大学，你可以享受到全国最好的校园健身中心之一。它的特色是一个“室内海滩”，配有瀑布和慵懒的河流，以及一个全方位服务的水疗中心。即使你平时不喜欢锻炼，密苏里州的健身中心也会给你一个去健身房的理由。)”可知，密苏里大学的健身中心是全国最好的校园健身中心之一，设施良好，能够引起学生锻炼的兴趣。故选D。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“High Point University”部分中的“If you see yourself quickly tired of dining hall food — something that happens to almost all of us — High Point University in North Carolina has a great option for you: a private steakhouse for students. It’s a first-class restaurant, and, best of all, you don’t have to pay for the meal out of your own pocket.(如果你发现自己很快就厌倦了食堂的食物——这几乎是我们所有人都会遇到的事情——北卡罗来纳州的高点大学为你提供了一个很好的选择：为学生提供的私人牛排馆。这是一家一流的餐厅，最重要的是，你不必自掏腰包。)”可知，北卡罗来纳州的High Point University为学生提供私人牛排馆。故选B。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Seton Hall University”部分中的“If you’re stressing out about the extra cost of technology when you start college, Seton Hall has great news for you: all freshmen are given free laptops through the university’s Mobile Computing Program.(如果你刚开始上大学时还在为科技的额外成本而紧张，那么西顿霍尔大学有一个好消息要告诉你：通过大学的移动计算项目，所有新生都可以获得免费的笔记本电脑。)”可知，西顿霍尔大学的学生可以获得免费的笔记本电脑。故选C。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“New York University”部分中的“If you’re a fan of museums, NYU (New York University) is the perfect university for you not only are you located in the heart of a city featuring some of the best museums in the world, but the university will even provide you with free admission to many of them.(如果你是一个博物馆迷，纽约大学是你的理想之选，不仅因为你位于一个以世界上最好的博物馆为特色的城市的中心，而且大学甚至为你提供许多博物馆的免费入场券。)”可知，纽约大学位于市中心。故选A。 B Everyone tries their best in life, and sometimes a few kind words of encouragement can help people realize that their efforts are not in vain (徒劳).Ⅰ remember a time when I was in fifth grade, and I was a very shy girl. There was a drawing competition at my school that day. As everyone started to use their creative ideas to draw, I was only trying to think of something creative that could express my thoughts and emotions. Lost in my own world, I was brought back to reality when my art teacher called my name from behind. She came to me and encouraged me, saying, “Don’t overthink it, just put whatever comes to your mind on the canvas (画布). Do your best, and you will do well.” Taking her words of wisdom to heart, I started my painting. Time flew by, and soon the bell rang, signaling the end of the time limit. We all turned in our canvases for inspection (检查). The next day, the winners of the competition were announced in front of the whole school. To my surprise, I heard my name being called second prize. It was a bolt from the blue for me, as I had never dared to dream of winning any prize. Later on, I expressed my gratitude to my art teacher for her words of encouragement and for believing in me. That day, I became aware of my talent and started painting more whenever I had free time. Sometimes, I think that if it weren’t for her words of encouragement, I may have never discovered the talent I have. Overall, this experience taught me the importance of encouraging others and how a few kind words can make a significant impact on someone’s life. 41. What was the author doing when called by the art teacher? A. Organizing a drawing competition. B. Trying to get some creative ideas. C. Painting her work on her canvas. D. Trying to get help from others. 42. What did the author think of the competition? A. Easy B. Interesting C. Challenging D. Encouraging. 43. What do the underlined words “bolt from the blue” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Addiction B. Puzzlement C. Disappointment D. Surprise 44. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The author didn’t show a talent for drawing. B. The author was forced to participate in a drawing competition. C. The author started her painting under the teacher’s encouragement. D. The judge awarded the author the third prize for her picture. 45. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. The Power of Encouragement B. The Importance of Art Competitions C Overcoming Shyness Through Painting D. Discovering Your Great Natural Ability 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. D 44. C 45. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己的一次参赛经历来证明鼓励的重要性。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“As everyone started to use their creative ideas to draw, I was only trying to think of something creative that could express my thoughts and emotions. Lost in my own world, I was brought back to reality when my art teacher called my name from behind. (当每个人都开始用他们的创意来画画时，我只是想一些能表达我想法和情绪的创意。我迷失在自己的世界里，当我的艺术老师从背后呼唤我的名字时，我又回到了现实)”可知，当艺术老师叫作者时，作者正在努力获得一些富有创造力的思路。故选B项。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“As everyone started to use their creative ideas to draw, I was only trying to think of something creative that could express my thoughts and emotions. Lost in my own world, I was brought back to reality when my art teacher called my name from behind. She came to me and encouraged me, saying, “Don’t overthink it, just put whatever comes to your mind on the canvas (画布). Do your best, and you will do well.” (当每个人都开始用他们的创意来画画时，我只是想一些能表达我想法和情绪的创意。我迷失在自己的世界里，当我的艺术老师从背后呼唤我的名字时，我又回到了现实。她来找我，鼓励我说：“不要想太多，把你想到的任何东西都画在画布上就行了。尽力而为，你就会做得很好。”)”可知，别的学生已经开始画画了，但是作者还在苦苦构思；且艺术老师对作者说：“不要想太多，只要把你想到的东西画在画布上就行了。”这些都说明作者觉得这次比赛对自己来说很难，很有挑战性。故选C项。 【43题详解】 短语猜测题。根据文章第三段“To my surprise, I heard my name being called second prize. It was a bolt from the blue for me, as I had never dared to dream of winning any prize. (令我惊讶的是，我听到我的名字被称为二等奖。这对我来说是……，因为我从来不敢梦想赢得任何奖项。)”可知，作者做梦都不敢想能得到任何奖品，所以听到自己获奖的消息后感到非常惊讶，划线部分表示“震惊，惊讶”，与surprise同义，故选D项。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“There was a drawing competition at my school that day. As everyone started to use their creative ideas to draw, I was only trying to think of something creative that could express my thoughts and emotions. (那天，学校举行了一场画画比赛。当每个人开始运用他们的创意来绘画时，我只是试图思考一些能够表达我的想法和情感的创意。)”以及“She came to me and encouraged me, saying, “Don’t overthink it, just put whatever comes to your mind on the canvas (画布). Do your best, and you will do well.” (她来找我，鼓励我说：“不要想太多，把你想到的任何东西都画在画布上就行了。尽力而为，你就会做得很好。”)”和第三段“Taking her words of wisdom to heart, I started my painting. (我把她充满智慧的话语牢记在心，开始了我的绘画。)”可知，在画画比赛中，其他人开始绘画时，作者还在思考如何表达自己的创意。然而，接下来的句子提到作者的艺术老师走过来鼓励并告诉作者不要过度思考，只需将脑海中的想法表达在画布上，尽力而为即可，可推知作者在老师的鼓励下开始了自己的绘画，故选C项。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段中“Overall, this experience taught me the importance of encouraging others and how a few kind words can make a significant impact on someone’s life. (总的来说，这次经历教会了我鼓励他人的重要性，以及几句好话如何对某人的生活产生重大影响)”以及文章内容可知，作者通过讲述自己的一次参赛经历来证明鼓励的重要性，所以“鼓励的力量”可以作为文章标题，改选A项。 C How does an ecosystem(生态系统) work? What makes the populations of different species the way they are? Why are there so many flies and so few wolves? To find an answer, scientists have built mathematical models of food webs, noting who eats whom and how much each one eats. With such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs. Most food webs, for instance, consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones. When a predator(掠食动物) always eats huge numbers of a single prey(猎物), the two species are strongly linked; when a predator lives on various species, they are weakly linked. Food webs may be dominated by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term. If a predator can eat several species, it can survive the extinction(灭绝) of one of them. And if a predator can move on to another species that is easier to find when a prey species becomes rare, the switch allows the original prey to recover. The weak links may thus keep species from driving one another to extinction. Mathematical models have also revealed that food webs may be unstable, where small changes of top predators can lead to big effects throughout entire ecosystems. In the 1960s, scientists proposed that predators at the top of a food web had a surprising amount of control over the size of populations of other species—including species they did not directly attack. And unplanned human activities have proved the idea of top-down control by top predators to be true. In the ocean, we fished for top predators such as cod on an industrial scale, while on land, we killed off large predators such as wolves. These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance. Scientists have built an early-warning system based on mathematical models. Ideally, the system would tell us when to adapt human activities that are pushing an ecosystem toward a breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem back from the borderline. Prevention is key, scientists say, because once ecosystems pass their tipping point(临界点), it is remarkably difficult for them to return. 46. What have scientists discovered with the help of mathematical models of food webs? A. The living habits of species in food webs. B. The rules governing food webs of the ecosystems. C. The approaches to studying the species in the ecosystems. D. The differences between weak and strong links in food webs. 47. A strong link is found between two species when a predator ________. A has a wide food choice B. can easily find new prey C. sticks to one prey species D. can quickly move to another place 48. What will happen if the populations of top predators in a food web greatly decline? A. The prey species they directly attack will die out. B. The species they indirectly attack will turn into top predators. C. The living environment of other species will remain unchanged. D. The populations of other species will experience unexpected changes. 49. What conclusion can be drawn from the examples in Paragraph 4? A. Uncontrolled human activities greatly upset ecosystems. B. Rapid economic development threatens animal habitats. C. Species of commercial value dominate other species. D. Industrial activities help keep food webs stable. 50. How does an early-warning system help us maintain the ecological balance? A. By getting illegal practices under control. B. By stopping us from killing large predators. C. By bringing the broken-down ecosystems back to normal. D. By signaling the urgent need for taking preventive action. 【答案】46. B 47. C 48. D 49. A 50. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了借助食物网的数学模型，科学家们发现了一些食物网运行的关键原则。科学家们说一个生态系统越过了它的临界点，它们很难再回来。科学家们已经建立了一个基于数学模型的预警系统，该系统将会发出信号告诉我们人类活动正将生态系统推向崩溃，允许我们采取措施将生态系统从边缘拉回来。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中With such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs.可知，借助食物网的数学模型，科学家们发现了食物网中的一些关键原则。故选B。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中When a predator(掠食动物) always eats huge numbers of a single prey(猎物), the two species are strongly linked; when a predator lives on various species, they are weakly linked.可知，当捕食者总是吃大量的单一猎物，这两个物种是紧密相连的。故选C。 【48题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中In the 1960s, scientists proposed that predators at the top of a food web had a surprising amount of control over the size of populations of other species—including species they did not directly attack.可知，处于食物网顶端的食肉动物对它们没有直接攻击的其他物种的种群数量有着惊人的控制，由此可推断出，如果食物链顶级食肉动物的数量大大下降，其他物种的种群将经历意想不到的变化。故选D。 【49题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段And unplanned human activities have proved the idea of top-down control by top predators to be true. In the ocean, we fished for top predators such as cod on an industrial scale, while on land, we killed off large predators such as wolves. These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance.可知，无计划的人类活动证明了由顶级掠食者自上而下控制的想法是正确的。在海洋中，我们大规模捕捞鳕鱼等顶级捕食者，而在陆地上，我们杀死狼等大型捕食者。这些行为极大地影响了生态平衡。由此可推断出，不受控制的人类活动会极大地破坏了生态系统。故选A。 【50题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中Scientists have built an early-warming system based on mathematical models. Ideally the system would tell us when to adapt human activities that are pushing an ecosystem toward a breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem back from the borderline.可知，早期预警系统通过发出紧急需要采取预防行动的信号帮助我们维持生态平衡。故选D。 D In 1999, Google hired its 53rd employee called Charlie Ayers. This employee was unique. He didn’t develop software, nor did he have business knowledge. In fact, he just worked for a famous band. But Charlie won a cooking competition held by the company. Then, he became the company’s chef. He would help Google feed its employees. Since then, Google’s policy of free snacks has been copied. This policy may make sense for some companies since employees don’t need to travel far to eat. The companies think it can also improve traffic during lunch hour. But firms’ free-snack policy has been attacked by politicians. They believe it extremely reduces the number of customers of local restaurants, which causes many of them to break down and eventually harms the relevant industry. So, officials are preventing Facebook opening a canteen at its new campus. There have been many theories explaining what motivate firms to provide free snacks. Some argue it’s a firm’s dirty trick to keep workers working for longer hours. Others argue it’s about helping the firm attract talents. Still others say rich firms are just generous and that their generosity, in turn, makes their workers happier and more productive. All of these may contribute to the firms’ free snacks. Google says its food system is about promoting teamwork and. creativity. The idea is that it provides chances to bond and exchange ideas when employees randomly meet and eat together. This, they believe, encourages creativity. While free snacks might increase the amount of time employees spend in the office, the theory that it increases creativity lacks evidence. Actually, evidence suggests unlimited candy and chips in the break room will affect people’s cognitive performance, which might eventually prevent workers from thinking intelligently. It’s no wonder that some. Google’s competitors rejected the food policy. If companies want workers to exchange ideas, regular meals can make it. A better food system for companies is one where workers would be given a credit card for food purchases. Some colleges have a similar food system, which offers discount to fruits and vegetables and places an extra cost on junk food—junk food, after all could end up increasing the company’s health insurance bills. There’s no such thing as a free lunch. The same is true for snacks. 51. Why does the author mention Charlie Ayers in Paragraph 1? A. To offer the background of the text. B. To introduce the topic of the passage. C. To expand understanding of the topic. D. To show the structure of the passage. 52. What do politicians think of firms’ free-snack policy? A. It does increase the employees’ creativity. B. It’s beneficial to local transportation. C. It strengthens the unity of the firms’ employees. D. It brings negative effect on local restaurants. 53. What’s Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The possible causes of some firms’ free-snack policy. B. The importance of the free snack policy. C. The benefits of free-snack policy to workers. D. The oppositions to the free snack policy. 54. Why do some companies decline the free snack policy? A. They are unaware of its positive influence. B. They consider it a big financial burden. C. They think it weakens employees’ creativity. D. They find it unattractive to many employees. 55. Which of the following will the author agree with? A. Companies should increase their insurance bills on workers. B. Colleges’ food systems tend to be superior to companies’. C. A good food system can give discounts to any food. D. Free snacks are unnecessary in the companies. 【答案】51. B 52. D 53. A 54. C 55. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了公司免费零食政策的起源以及公司对这一政策的不同看法。 【51题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“In 1999, Google hired its 53rd employee called Charlie Ayers. This employee was unique. He didn’t develop software, nor did he have business knowledge. In fact, he just worked for a famous band. But Charlie won a cooking competition held by the company. Then, he became the company’s chef. He would help Google feed its employees. Since then, Google’s policy of free snacks has been copied.( 1999年，谷歌雇佣了第53名员工查理·艾尔斯。这名员工是独一无二的。他没有开发过软件，也没有商业知识。事实上，他刚为一个著名乐队工作过。但是查理赢得了公司举办的烹饪比赛。然后，他成为了公司的厨师。他将帮助谷歌公司给员工提供零食。从那以后，谷歌的免费零食政策被效仿)”可推知，作者在第一段提到查理·艾尔斯是为了介绍文章的主题。故选B。 【52题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“But firms’ free-snack policy has been attacked by politicians. They believe it extremely reduces the number of customers of local restaurants, which causes many of them to break down and eventually harms the relevant industry. So, officials are preventing Facebook opening a canteen at its new campus.(但是公司的免费零食政策遭到了政客们的抨击。他们认为，这极大地减少了当地餐馆的顾客数量，导致许多餐馆倒闭，最终损害了相关行业。因此，官员们正在阻止Facebook在新园区开设食堂)”可知，政客们认为公司的免费零食政策给当地餐馆带来了负面影响。故选D。 【53题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“There have been many theories explaining what motivate firms to provide free snacks. Some argue it’s a firm’s dirty trick to keep workers working for longer hours. Others argue it’s about helping the firm attract talents. Still others say rich firms are just generous and that their generosity, in turn, makes their workers happier and more productive. All of these may contribute to the firms’ free snacks.(关于公司提供免费零食的动机，有很多理论。一些人认为这是公司让员工工作更长时间的肮脏伎俩。其他人则认为这是为了帮助公司吸引人才。还有一些人说，有钱的公司只是慷慨，他们的慷慨反过来使他们的员工更快乐，更有效率。所有这些都可能为公司的免费零食做出贡献)”可知，第三段主要讲了一些公司免费零食政策的可能原因。故选A。 【54题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“While free snacks might increase the amount of time employees spend in the office, the theory that it increases creativity lacks evidence. Actually, evidence suggests unlimited candy and chips in the break room will affect people’s cognitive performance, which might eventually prevent workers from thinking intelligently. It’s no wonder that some Google’s competitors rejected the food policy.(虽然免费零食可能会增加员工在办公室呆的时间，但它能提高创造力的理论缺乏证据。事实上，有证据表明，在休息室里无限制地吃糖果和薯条会影响人们的认知表现，最终可能会妨碍员工进行聪明的思考。难怪谷歌的一些竞争对手反对这一食品政策)”可知，有些公司拒绝免费零食政策是因为他们认为这会削弱员工的创造力。故选C。 【55题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“A better food system for companies is one where workers would be given a credit card for food purchases. Some colleges have a similar food system, which offers discount to fruits and vegetables and places an extra cost on junk food—junk food, after all could end up increasing the company’s health insurance bills.(对公司来说，一个更好的食品系统是给员工一张信用卡来购买食品。一些大学也有类似的食品系统，水果和蔬菜打折，垃圾食品要额外收费，毕竟垃圾食品最终会增加公司的健康保险账单)”以及最后一段“There’s no such thing as a free lunch. The same is true for snacks.(天下没有免费的午餐。零食也是如此)”可知，作者认为公司不应该提供免费的零食，即：公司提供免费零食是没有必要的。故选D。 第Ⅱ卷(非选择题，共25分) 第一部分：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英语回答问题 My job consists of planning, producing operating scientific instruments in-flight, and I am grateful for having worked on missions(太空飞行任务) on Saturn, the Moon, and our own planet Earth. When I was a high-schooler, I was unsure of what college I wanted to attend, or what major I wanted to choose. After receiving an email from a college called Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) I decided to apply to a summer program they were offering with the encouragement of my mom. After taking part in that program, I knew that MIT was the right university for me. The enthusiastic students and endless opportunities developed a feeling of belonging in me that led me to apply and eventually get accepted. The most exciting and fulfilling(令人满足的) part of being an engineer is that I am able to work on projects that benefit humans. What they may not imagine is the great body of work being done to study our own home -Earth. I am thankful to have a career that to commit myself to that allows me responsibility. The most exciting part of my career has been seeing the end of the Cassini mission to Saturn. Some of the people on the team had been working on the mission for longer than I had been alive, but they still treated me as one of their own. I was given the opportunity to operate the cameras that would catch breathtaking(激动人心的) images of the planet. And when the Cassini spacecraft had run out of fuel, I quickly learned that it was not just the end of the mission, but the end of a team. The night we watched with bittersweet longing as its signal faded to nothing is something that I will always keep in my memories. And while Cassini will be remembered for its historic contributions, what I will remember it for is the team it brought together. My friends often ask why a girl could achieve all these. I always grew up as a big fan of fiction. I read the Harry Potter books and loved anything fantasy. I realized that the common theme of hero stories is that the hero must always make a choice to start their adventure. If you don’t pick up the sword(剑)in your own story because you are afraid of what may happen next, you risk not having a story at all. 56. Why did the author apply to MIT? (No more than 8 words) _____________________________________________________________ 57. What does the author think about her job according to Paragraph 3? (No more than 15 words) _____________________________________________________________ 58. How did the author feel when seeing the end of the Cassini mission to Satern ? (No more than 8 words) _____________________________________________________________ 59. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 means? (No more than 2 words) _____________________________________________________________ 60. What can you learn from the story? Put it in your own words. (No more than 25 words) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】56. A summer program of MIT. 57. She is proud to work for the benefit of humans. Or: She is excited and fulfilled to work for the well-being of humans. 58. She felt pleased but sad. / She felt bittersweet. 59. Disappeared (gradually). / Vanished (gradually). 60. From this story, I learn that as long as one has courage and dream, nothing is impossible, regardless of boys or girls. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者选择麻省理工学院从而成为一名航空工程师的故事。 【56题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段“After receiving an email from a college called Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) I decided to apply to a summer program they were offering with the encouragement of my mom. After taking part in that program, I knew that MIT was the right university for me. (在收到一封来自麻省理工学院的电子邮件后，我决定在妈妈的鼓励下申请他们提供的暑期项目。参加那个项目后，我知道麻省理工学院是适合我的大学。)”可知，一个麻省理工的暑期项目让作者想申请上这所大学。故填A summer program of MIT。 【57题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第三段“The most exciting and fulfilling(令人满足的) part of being an engineer is that I am able to work on projects that benefit humans. (作为一名工程师，最令人兴奋和满足的部分是我能够从事造福人类的项目。)”可知，作者很自豪能为造福人类而工作。故填She is proud to work for the benefit of humans. Or: She is excited and fulfilled to work for the well-being of humans。 【58题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第三段“And when the Cassini spacecraft had run out of fuel, I quickly learned that it was not just the end of the mission, but the end of a team. The night we watched with bittersweet longing as its signal faded to nothing is something that I will always keep in my memories. (当卡西尼号飞船的燃料耗尽时，我很快意识到这不仅是任务的结束，也是一个团队的结束。我们怀着苦乐参半的渴望看着它的信号逐渐消失，这是我将永远留在记忆中的事情。)”可知，随着卡西尼号飞船任务的结束，作者内心喜忧参半。故填She felt pleased but sad. / She felt bittersweet。 【59题详解】 词句猜测题。由文章第三段“And when the Cassini spacecraft had run out of fuel, I quickly learned that it was not just the end of the mission, but the end of a team.(当卡西尼号飞船的燃料耗尽时，我很快意识到这不仅是任务的结束，也是一个团队的结束。)”可推知，卡西尼号飞船的燃料耗尽，所以最后会消失，失去和研究人员的联系，所以猜测faded表“（逐渐）消失”。故填Disappeared (gradually). / Vanished (gradually)。 【60题详解】 开放性试题。言之有理即可。通过作者的故事，我们理解到只要坚持梦想，总有一天会实现的。所以参考答案可为From this story, I learn that as long as one has courage and dream, nothing is impossible, regardless of boys or girls。 第二部分：书面表达(满分25分) 61. 假设你是晨光中学的学生李津。你的英国好友Chris 发来邮件表示即将来津，并 打算利用这次机会游览一处天津景点，请你回信。内容应包括以下要点： (1) 推荐一处天津景点(名称、位置); (2) 说明推荐理由; (3) 出游时的注意事项。 注意：(1)词数不少于100; (2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯;(3)开头已 为你写好，不计入词数。 Dear Chris, I am pleased to learn that you are coming to Tianjin. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Jin 【答案】Dear Chris, I am pleased to learn that you are coming to Tianjin. What a wonderful idea and it really makes me excited! Welcome to my hometown! Tianjin is a city with a long history. The weather is good but perhaps a little bit hot in summer. You’ll have various snacks in Tianjin and meanwhile find lots of western style buildings here on the Five Major Avenues. If you want to enjoy beautiful city views, Haihe River should be a good choice. If you like to have fun and see some animals, the Water Park and Tianjin Zoo could make you content. My favorite place is the Ancient Culture Street where there are plenty of interesting traditional things. I believe you won’t want to miss them. Please remember to take in enough water because it’s dry in Tianjin. I hope this is helpful. Can’t wait to meet you! Yours sincerely, Li Jin 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如考生是晨光中学的李津，你最近收到英国好友Chris的邮件。信中提到他将来津学习，希望你给他推荐一下最值得去的景点，说明原因和注意事项。 【详解】1.词汇积累 （气候）宜人的：good→ pleasant 也许：perhaps→ probably 各种各样的：various→ varieties of 喝，吸收：take in→ consume 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Tianjin is a city with a long history. 拓展句：Tianjin is a city which has a long history. 【点睛】【高分句型1】If you want to enjoy beautiful city views, Haihe River should be a good choice.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句） 【高分句型2】My favorite place is the Ancient Culture Street where there are plenty of interesting traditional things.（运用了where引导的定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $