Unit5知识点讲解-2025-2026学年人教版（2012）九年级英语全册

2025-2026学年人教版（2012）九年级英语全一册

Unit5 What are the shirts made of?知识点讲解

◆新词归纳

chopstick n. 筷子

coin  n. 硬币

fork adj. 餐叉；叉子

blouse n. (女士)短上衣；衬衫

silver n. 银；银器 adj. 银色的

glass n. 玻璃

cotton v. 棉；棉花

steel n. 钢；钢铁

fair n. 展览会；交易会

environmental adj. 自然环境的；有关环境的

grass n. 草；草地

leaf (leaves) n. 叶；叶子

produce v. 生产；制造;出产

widely adv. 广泛地；普遍地

be known for以……闻名；为人知晓

process v. 加工；处理 n. 过程

pack v. 包装；装箱

product n. 产品；制品

France n. 法国

no matter不论；无论

local adj. 当地的；本地的

brand n. 品牌；牌子

avoid v. 避免；回避

handbag n. 小手提包

mobile adj. 可移动的；非固定的

everyday adj. 每天的；日常的

boss n. 老板；上司

Germany 德国

surface n. 表面；表层

material n. 材料；原料

traffic n. 交通；路上行驶的车辆

postman n. 邮递员

cap n. （尤指有帽舌的）帽子

glove n. （分手指的）手套

international adj. 国际的

competitor n. 参赛者；竞争者

its adj. 它的

form n. 形式；类型

clay n. 黏土；陶土

celebration n. 庆典；庆祝活动

balloon n. 气球

paper cutting剪纸

scissors n. 剪刀(pl.)

lively adj. 生气勃勃的；(色彩）鲜艳的

fairy n. 童话故事

historical adj.（有关）历史的

heat n. 热；高温v. 加热；变热

polish v. 磨光；修改；润色

complete v. 完成

Korea朝鲜；韩国

Switzerland瑞士

San Francisco旧金山

◆短语归纳

be (well) known for以…闻名/为人知晓

no matter…不论/无论       

paper cutting剪纸            

be made of/be made from由…构成(2个)

be made in sp在…被制造      

the science museum科学博物馆      

model plane飞机模型        

science fair科技展          

be famous for/ be famous as因…而著名     

in the past在过去          

be produced in…在…被生产      

in many different areas在很多不同地区  

as far as I know据我所知        

on the sides of在…的边上       

send sth to sp寄到…/送到…     

many different countries许多不同的国     

all over the world全世界           

be good for有利于…         

both…and即…又…         

search for sth搜寻/寻找        

go to another country去另一个国家     

what kinds of things什么种类的东西   

no matter what无论什么         

even if/ even though即使             

the most of…中的大部分     

a pair of一双/一对        

made in China中国制造         

avoid doing sth避免做…         

in fact事实上           

be good at doing sth擅长做…         

be/get better at doing sth更擅长做…       

in the future在将来           

in all parts of the world在世界各个角落   

visit sb看望某人       

in the toy stores在玩具店       

shopping experiences购物经历       

find out查明           

how to make a kite怎样做风筝     

go on vacation去度假         

fly a kite放风筝         

The International kite festival国际风筝      

the special forms of traditional特殊传统方式 

in life在生活中       

such as/ for example例如           

turn sth into sth/ change sth into sth把…变成…     

be first used by sb首次被使用      

ask for help寻求帮助        

fall into升入到…里      

a symbol of happiness幸福的象征      

put sth on…贴上            

good luck好运            

Chinese fairy tale中国童话        

a historical story历史故事       

at a very high heat在很高的温度下 

clay art陶艺           

be used for doing sth被用于做…     

cover sth with sth用…盖上       

be covered with…被…覆盖       

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九年级被动语态语法讲义

一、语态分类

英语动词有两种语态.，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：

   We speak English. (主动) →English is spoken by us. (被动)

 They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)→A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)

二、被动语态的构成

汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：

助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。

三、主动语态变被动语态的步骤

（1）  My aunt  invited   me   to her dinner party.

主语   谓语    宾语

→   I   was invited  (by my aunt ) to her dinner party.

主语    谓语       宾语

（2） The school set up a special class to help poor readers.

→   A special class to help poor readers was set up in the school.

 1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。

 2.把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be + 过去分词，时态要与原句保持一致。

3.把主动语态的主语变为介词by 的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，by 短语可以省略。如果原句主语是地点名词，在被动语态中用in + 地点名词作状语。

四、主动语态变被动语态的方法

     被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化，主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。以 give 为例，列表如下：

 

①一般现在时：am / is / are + done

 ②一般过去时：was / were + done

 ③一般将来时：shall / will + be done

 ④一般过去将来时：should / would + be done

 ⑤现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done

 ⑥过去进行时：was / were + being + done

 ⑦现在完成时：have / has + been + done

 ⑧过去完成时：had + been + done

 ⑨动词不定是：to be done

 ⑩情态动词：情态动词+be + done 

五、常见的八种时态中的被动语态

1. 一般现在时：

(1)People grow rice in the south of the country.

→Rice is grown in the south of the country.

(2)The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.

→We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.

   (3)They teach English and French in their school

   →English and French are taught by them in their school.

2. 一般过去时：

 (1)He told me an interesting story.    →I was told an interesting story(by him).

 (2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily.  →His lessons were not easily forgotten

3. 一般将来时：

 (1)They will send cars abroad by sea. →Cars will be sent abroad by sea.

的宾语，并将谓语动词变为否定的被动语态。如：

    Nobody can answer this question.

误：The question can be answered by nobody.     正：The question can not be answered by anybody.

7. 当否定句中的宾语是anything, anybody, anyone等不定代词时，在被动句中应将其分别变为nothing, nobody, no one作主语，并将谓语动词变为肯定的被动语态。如：

   They haven't done anything to make the river clean.

误：Anything hasn't been done to make the river clean.

正：Nothing has been done to make the river clean.

8. 以who为主语开头的疑问句，变被动时，用by whom放在句首：

   Who wrote the story?

误：Who was the story written?       正：By whom was the story written?

9. 有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物动词，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等。如：

  (1)The cloth washes easily.  这布很好洗。      (2)The new product sells well.  这新产品很畅销。

对比：

The books sell well. (主动句)                   The books were sold out. (被动句)

The meat didn’t cook well. (主动句)             The meat was cooked for a long time. (被动句)

10. 下列情况主动句不能改为被动句：

第一，感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义，如：feel，look, seem, taste, sound, remain等。

  (1) — Do you like the material?   — Yes, it feels very soft.

误：It is felt very soft.

(2) The food tastes delicious.         误：The food is tasted delicious.

(3)The pop music sounds beautiful.    误：The pop music is sounded beautiful.

第二，谓语是及物动词leave, enter, reach, suit, have, benefit, lack, own等。如：

  He entered the room and got his book.     误：The room was entered and his book was got.

She had her hand burned.                误：Her hand was had burned.

第三，一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态，如：take place, break out, belong to, lose heart, consist of, add up to等。如：

  The fire broke out in the capital building.      误：The fire was broke out in the capital building.

第四，不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie等。

   When we got to the top of the mountain, the sun had already risen.

误：The sun had already been risen.

After the earthquake, few houses remained.

误：After the earthquake, few houses were remained.

第五，宾语是反身代词，相互代词，同源宾语，不定式，v-ing形式及抽象名词等，不能变为被动句子的主语，如：

   I taught myself English.             误：Myself was taught English.

We love each other.               误：Each other is loved.

11. 在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构来表示，例如：

 

 有人建议……    It is suggested that …