高考非谓语动词精讲 课件-2026届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦非谓语动词这一核心语法考点，依据高考评价体系梳理了doing、done、to do三种形式的成分功能、主被动关系、时间先后三大考查维度，通过近五年真题分析明确语法填空（占比约25%）、完形填空（语境应用占30%）等常考题型，构建“判断是否非谓语-分析成分-主被动-时间先后”的完整解题体系。 课件亮点在于“真题实例解析+四步解题法”，如以08江苏卷“hear English spoken”真题为例，剖析过去分词作补语的被动关系判断技巧，培养学生的语言能力和思维品质。特设“易错警示”模块（如doing是否非谓语看be动词搭配），帮助学生规避陷阱，教师可借助成分-主被动对应表系统教学，助力学生高效突破考点，提升高考得分率。

第一章 非谓语动词 为什么一个句子只能有一个谓语——谓语的样子——什么时候用非谓语——非谓语什么样子 ——每种分别可以做什么成分 1 英语的一个句子 像是一个皇宫 应该说更像一个后宫 那你们想后宫佳丽三千 能维持住唯一地位的是谁 2 谓语动词 皇宫之中有很多竞争对手 但是却能维护惟一地位的 是皇后 就像谓语 有她就是有后宫嘛 3 句子中再出现动词怎么办？皇宫中再出现漂亮女人怎么办？ 4 非谓语动词 皇上都喜欢啊 换个名字把她留在身边嘛 封一个皇贵妃 安答应 沈贵人的 那句子中再出现动词就让它换个形式留在里面 那就是非谓语动词了 5 确定谓语，其他动词就是非谓语动词了 非 不是 谓 谓语 动词 谓语长什么样？ 有人称、时态、语态变化的动词或动词短语； 情态动词+动词原形； 系表(adj.)结构 注意：从句也有自己的谓语动词 动词包括系动词 从句里面的谓语也是谓语 除去这些 剩下的动词就是非谓语了 那么非谓语长什么样 谓语动词可以是主句的谓语 也可能是从句的谓语 7 Jack: I love waking up in the morning not knowing what’s gonna happen. 《泰坦尼克号》杰克 waking 动名词 knowing 现在分词 8 Jack: I love waking up in the morning not knowing what’s gonna happen. 《泰坦尼克号》杰克 waking 动名词 knowing 现在分词 9 Jack: I love waking up in the morning not knowing what’s gonna happen. 非谓语的形式之一——doing 动名词 相当于名词 Another reporter: Which of the cities visited did Your Highness enjoy the most? Princess Ann: Each, in its own way, was unforgettable. 《罗马假日》安娜公主 11 Which of the cities visited did Your Highness enjoy the most? visited可以看成which were visited的省略 非谓语的形式之二——done 过去分词 表被动 完成 Scarlett O’Hara: I’ll think of some way to get him back! After all, tomorrow is another day! 《飘》，斯佳丽.奥哈拉 13 I’ll think of some way to get him back. to get 非谓语的形式之三——to do 不定式 表目的 将来 14 非谓语 动 词 V-ing V-ed =名词 主动 进行 现在分词 动名词 被动 完成 to do 目的 将来 这是非谓语动词的三个形式 那么出现这三个形式就一定是非谓语吗 我们来看一下 15 判断下列v-ing形式是不是非谓 1. Watching movies is my hobby. 谓语是is，watching是非谓 2. Watching movies , I felt happy. 谓语是felt， watching是非谓 3. My hobby is watching movies . 谓语是is， watching是非谓 4. I am watching movies . 谓语是am watching ，正在做 ①doing 判断下列ing形式是不是非谓 16 注意： doing是不是非谓， 主要看和前面的be动词有没有构成进行时 ②done 1. Nora is attracted to many movies. 谓语是is attracted，被动 2. Nora is worn out. 谓语是is worn，被动 3. Attracted to many movies, Nora is worn out. 谓语是is worn，attracted是非谓 4. Nora is found worn out. 谓语是is found，worn是非谓 注意： done是不是非谓， 主要看和前面的be动词有没有构成被动 顺便提一句 这两种情况 需要注意的是 用动词演变成的形容词 例如excited exciting 相信大家都可以认出来 19 1. Nora likes to eat tofu. 2. Nora goes to XDF every day. XDF不是动词 3. Nora devotes her time to working. to 是介词，后面是动名词doing ③to do √ 不定式只能是to + do吗？ Oskar Schindler: Look! All you have to do is tell me what it’s worth to you. All you have to do is tell me … All you have to do is to tell me … 不定式to do的to在特定情况下可以省略 哪些是特定情况呢？ 非谓语动词解题步骤 非谓语动词的题目就是让我们选择这三种形式 那么我们怎么选择呢 还是有章可循的 也就是非谓语动词的解题步骤 24 第一步：判断是否非谓 One Saturday afternoon, Mrs. Green went to the market, __________ some bananas and visited her cousin. A. bought B. buying C. to buy D. buy One learns a language by making mistakes and __________ them. A. corrects B. correcting C. to correct D. correct __________ this story, and you will realize that not everything can be bought with money. A. Reads B. Reading C. To read D. Read 判断是否非谓语 注意： ①小心祈使句 ②有没有连词，如and,but, when等 ③看清and并列的内容 连续的动作，或同性质的内容，才能and并列 第二步：判断作什么成分 成分——非谓语 主语 ①不定式 ②动名词 宾语 ①不定式 ②动名词 表语 ①不定式 ②动名词③分词 定语 状语 补语 解释+给大家15秒钟记一下 31 成分——非谓语 主语 ①不定式 ②动名词 宾语 ①不定式 ②动名词 表语 ①不定式 ②动名词③分词 定语 ①不定式 ②动名词③分词 状语 ①不定式 ②分词 补语 ①不定式 ②分词 解释+给大家15秒钟记一下 32 作主语 不定式 动名词 1. Hating people is like burning down your own house to get rid of a rat. 主语 看片是爱好嘛，经常做 上大学这事还没做，将来再说 34 1. Hating people is like burning down your own house to get rid of a rat. 2. To err is human; to forgive, divine. 主语 看片是爱好嘛，经常做 上大学这事还没做，将来再说 35 1. Hating people is like burning down your own house to get rid of a rat. 2. To err is human; to forgive, divine. 犯错人皆难免，宽恕则属超凡 主语 看片是爱好嘛，经常做 上大学这事还没做，将来再说 36 1. Hating people is like burning down your own house to get rid of a rat. 2. To err is human; to forgive, divine. 犯错人皆难免，宽恕则属超凡 主语 翻译：被爱给你力量；爱人给你勇气。（用动名词） 看片是爱好嘛，经常做 上大学这事还没做，将来再说 37 1. Hating people is like burning down your own house to get rid of a rat. 2. To err is human; to forgive, divine. 犯错人皆难免，宽恕则属超凡 主语 翻译：被爱给你力量；爱人给你勇气。 -Being deeply loved by someone gives you strength; while loving someone deeply gives you courage. 看片是爱好嘛，经常做 上大学这事还没做，将来再说 38 1. Hating people is like burning down your own house to get rid of a rat. 2. To err is human; to forgive, divine. 犯错人皆难免，宽恕则属超凡 主语 翻译：经常有人提醒我们注意自己的缺点是有必要的。 (用to do 的被动态) 看片是爱好嘛，经常做 上大学这事还没做，将来再说 39 1. Hating people is like burning down your own house to get rid of a rat. 2. To err is human; to forgive, divine. 犯错人皆难免，宽恕则属超凡 主语 翻译：经常有人提醒我们注意自己的缺点是有必要的。 -It is necessary for us to be reminded of our shortcomings. 看片是爱好嘛，经常做 上大学这事还没做，将来再说 40 1. __________(walk) is a good form of exercise for both young and old. 2. __________(answer) correctly is more important than to finish quickly. 注意：对称美 Seeing is believing. 或 To see is to believe. 眼见为实 Walking To answer 都说了是锻炼的好方式了，锻炼要经常做的 这话老师经常说，也没有体现将来 为什么不用动名词呢 41 主语一共4种形式（2×2）： 1. to do 2. to be done 3. doing 4. being done 即to do和doing的主被动 主语 1. It is better to love someone you can’t have than to have someone you can’t love. 43 1. It is better to love someone you can’t have than to have someone you can’t love. 翻译：帮你学英语是我的责任。 it作形式主语 44 1. It is better to love someone you can’t have than to have someone you can’t love. 翻译：帮你学英语是我的责任。 -It is my duty to help you with your English. it作形式主语 45 1. It is better to love someone you can’t have than to have someone you can’t love. 翻译：帮你学英语是我的责任。 -It is my duty to help you with your English. 2. It is no use talking to that parrot(鹦鹉）. it作形式主语 46 1. It is better to love someone you can’t have than to have someone you can’t love. 翻译：帮你学英语是我的责任。 -It is my duty to help you with your English. 2. It is no use talking to that parrot(鹦鹉）. It’s not much use my buying snacks if you don’t like it. it作形式主语 it is no good/use/harm +doing It is nice/enjoyable/worthwhile/useless + doing 47 作宾语 不定式 动名词 Use it to remind yourself of why you want to stop, whenever you feel like _______ (smoke). We then set about ________ (create) a suitable development environment. Since they insist on  ________ (go) , we'll simply push the boat with the current and let them go with us. smoking creating going 1、doing 作介词的宾语 In closing, determine _______ (be) your best, and you will receive the best. You can pretend  _______ (say) that in a friendly way, if you please. I suggest  _______ (try) once more.  to be to say trying in closing 最后 50 intend tend decide advise resist offer consider admit demand promise refuse risk forbid delay escape prepare choose practise seem appear afford appreciate mind allow miss imagine require to do to do to do doing doing to do doing doing to do to do to do doing doing doing doing to do to do doing to do to do to do doing doing doing doing doing doing 2、to do/doing 作动词宾语 采用提问的方式进行 51 Perhaps he should have stuck _________ (write). to writing 习惯于： 致力于： 反对： 坚持： 着手做： 注意： 期望： 提及： 沦为： 3、to doing作宾语 即将：on the way to 方法/关键/秘诀/步骤/办法/建议： the approach/key/secret/step/solution/suggestion to 53 习惯于：be used/accustomed to 致力于：devote/dedicate/commit oneself to 反对：object to 坚持：stick to 着手做：get down to 注意：pay attention to 期望：look forward to 提及：when it comes to 沦为：reduce sb. to 3、to doing作宾语 即将：on the way to 方法/关键/秘诀/步骤/办法/建议： the approach/key/secret/step/solution/suggestion to 54 I remember __________(lock) the door. to lock locking regret to do： regret doing： forget to do： forget doing： remember to do： remember doing： try to do： try doing： stop to do： stop doing： continue to do： continue doing： mean to do： mean doing： 4、“脚踏两条船”的动词 要去做虽会遗憾 忘记去做 记得去做 尽力.去做 停下去做别的 继续去做别的 打算去做 后悔做了 做了忘了 记得做了 尝试去做 停下在做的 继续在做的 意味着做 ---Can you get full marks in the English exam? ---No, I can’t. But I want __________. A. to do B. to C. do D. so ①to do省略到to 5、不定式作宾语的省略 ---Can you be my Lao Tie? ---No, I can’t. But I want __________. A. to do B. to C. to be D. so ①to do省略到to ②to be 省略到to be 5、不定式作宾语的省略 ---Have you read the book? ---I happen __________ yesterday. A. to do B. to C. to have done D. to have ①to do省略到to ②to be省略到to be ③to have done省略到to have 5、不定式作宾语的省略 ---Have you been to Suzhou? ---I happen __________ there yesterday. A. to B. to have been C. to have done D. to have ①to do省略到to ②to be省略到to be ③to have done省略到to have ④to have been省略到to have been 简单记法：牛B不省！！！ 5、不定式作宾语的省略 1. He had no choice but __________ cry. 2. He could do nothing but __________ cry. 3. There is nothing to do but __________ wait. 注意：①前有do，后省to to / 5、不定式作宾语的省略 / 4. I can’t choose but __________ cry when seeing this. 5. I can’t but __________ cry when seeing this. 3. I can’t help but __________ cry when seeing this. 注意：②can’t/can’t choose/can’t help +but do不得不做 / / 5、不定式作宾语的省略 / I don’t mind __________(he) watching movies. 6、动名词作宾语 动名词的复合结构：sb’s doing 否定：sb’s not doing his/him 67 I was afraid of the tent falling down during the night. 无生命的物体不能用所有格 6、动名词作宾语 68 I would appreciate __________ back this afternoon. A. you to call B. you call C. your calling D. you’re calling -He feels it challenging to be a market supervisor. 7、形式宾语 -He feels it challenging to be a market supervisor. 分析下列句子结构并翻译 - All these made it impossible for the individual scientist to deal with the huge mass of new data, techniques and equipment that were required for carrying out research accurately and efficiently. Why should anyone bother __________ his treasure to help a stranger. A. risking to lose B. to risk losing C. risking losing D. to risk to lose 7、作宾语的被动不定式 -She doesn’t like to be treated as a distinguished guest. 7、作宾语的被动不定式 -She doesn’t like to be treated as a distinguished guest. 翻译：谁也不希望自己被那样嘲笑。 7、作宾语的被动不定式 -She doesn’t like to be treated as a distinguished guest. 翻译：谁也不希望自己被那样嘲笑。 No one hoped to be laughed at like that. 分词 现在分词一个小小的点 76 作表语 不定式 动名词 1. My hobby is watching movies. 2. My dream is to go to a key college. 爱好→经常做 上大学这事还没做→将来 表语 不用记； 77 1. It remains __________(see) whether XM can pass the exam. 2. Whether XM can pass the exam remains __________(see). 3. It remains to be seen whether XM can pass the exam, with his homework __________(remain) to be done. 注意：系动词remain的用法 It remains to be seen whether …还有待来看 sth remaining to be done …有待来做 →There remains sth to be done. to be seen to be seen 表语 remaining The first thing you should do is __________(recite) English words. 注意：前有do，后省to recite 表语 表语 The movie is interesting. I am interested in it. 分词作表语，相当于形容词 动名词 81 作定语 不定式 分词 非谓语动词作定语，主要看非谓语动词与被修饰词的关系 The girl _______ (read) English over there is my sister. 定语 Ing 形式还可以是动名词 那和现在分词作定语有什么区别吗？ 83 The girl reading English over there is my sister. 注意： 现在分词作定语，表主动 定语 Ing 形式还可以是动名词 那和现在分词作定语有什么区别吗？ 84 The boy _______ (beat) now is my son. 定语 85 The boy being beaten now is my son. 注意： 现在分词作定语，也表正在进行 The boy having finished homework is my son. The boy having been beaten is my son. 注意：现在分词作定语，无having 定语 a walking stick a walking man 注意： 动名词作定语，表功能 定语 The house ______ (buy) last year is worth a fortune. 定语 这是及物动词的 那不及物动词没有被动怎么办 88 The house bought last year is worth a fortune. 注意： 过去分词作定语，表被动 定语 这是及物动词的 那不及物动词没有被动怎么办 89 fallen leaves a retired man 注意： vi过去分词作定语，表完成 定语 这是及物动词的 90 I have a lot of homework _______ (do) this afternoon. 定语 I have a lot of homework to do this afternoon. 注意： 不定式作定语，有多种逻辑关系，但都表示将来特定的某一次 定语 The way to do homework quickly is doing homework everyday. to do作定语与修饰词之间的逻辑关系 狀语关系 Do homework quickly in the way 93 A good place to eat is the Sichuan restaurant around the corner. to do作定语与修饰词之间的逻辑关系 狀语关系 Do homework quickly in the way 94 2. The bad boy made a plan to cheat in the exam. 3. He holds the hope to get good grades. to do作定语与修饰词之间的逻辑关系 同位关系 The plan is to cheat in the exam 95 4. We need someone to help with the project. to do作定语与修饰词之间的逻辑关系 主谓关系 Someone will help with the project 96 5. I have some assignments to do. to do作定语与修饰词之间的逻辑关系 动宾关系 Do the assignments 任务 作业 97 1. He is always the first __________(come). 2. Nora is the most beautiful teacher __________(teach) English. 3. It’s the only neat thing __________(do). 注意： 有序数词，用不定式作定语 有最高级， 有the only/very/last/next, to come to teach 定语 to do 这是唯一值得一试的事。 98 作状语 不定式 分词 非谓语动词作状语，主要看其与句子主语的关系 I go to XDF to study English. To study English, I go to XDF. I go to XDF, to study English. 注意：没有“，to do” to do目的状语 这里 to study English 是做了 I go to XDF 的目的 所以是目的狀语。下同 101 Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, __________ reduce unemployment pressures. A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped , XXX, 插入语，请无视 有逗号 不能是目的狀语？ 102 I went to XDF, only to find that the gate was closed. 注意：不定式作结果状语，表出乎意料的结果 “，only to do” to do结果状语 I am sorry to hear that. 注意：不定式作原因状语，常与喜怒哀乐、运气好坏的形容词连用 “happy, ashamed, sorry, glad, delighted, angry, lucky等” to do原因状语 to do作状语 狀语动词动作发生时间与句子谓语动作时间相比，是将来 A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, _______ all four people on board. A. killed B. killing C. kills D. to kill 现在分词作结果狀语，是一种自然的结果 There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, _______ at the night sky. A. to stare B. staring C. stared D. having stared 现在分词作伴随狀语，动作和谓语动词动作同时进行 现在分词作状语 狀语动词动作与句子主语构成主动关系 _________ to hospital in time, the wounded soldiers were saved at last. A. Taken B. Taking C. Having taken D. Being taken 过去分词作状语 表示动作与句子主语构成被动关系 能想到需要宾语补足语的动词 111 作补语 不定式 分词 I see him play basketball. 我看到他打篮球。 →经常打 I see him playing basketball. 我看到他正在打篮球。 →正在打 I see him hit by a basketball. 我看到他被篮球打了。 →被打 补语 112 感官动词 + sb/sth + 3种形式： 看：see；watch；observe 听：hear 注意：notice；find；catch(发现) ①+do：全过程 注意：此处的do为省略的to的不定式 ②+doing：正在进行 ③+done：被动完成 补语 To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English ______ as much as we can. （08江苏） A. speak B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak Listen, do you hear someone __________(call) for help? We saw the road __________(block) with snow. 补语 calling blocked Nora makes me love English. ①+do：主动做 I am made to love English. 注意：被动必须还原to I make my homework done. ② +done：被动完成 注意：使役动词 补语 四大使役动词：let；make；have；get have/make/let +sb+do 让某人做某事 have／make+sth+done 使某事被做； get sb to do=let/make/have sb do get+sb+doing 让某做（强调正在的状态） get+sth+done 使某事被做 补语 第三步：判断主动被动 to do → to be done doing → being done done 这个主语是非谓语动词本身的主语 119 主语 动作 The question is not the one _________ (discuss)yesterday. We asked ________ (send) to work in the countryside. discussed to be sent The window _____ (face) south is nice. The window facing south is nice. 特例1： 表名词本身性质，无被动 如楼站，画挂 The food __________ awful sells bad. A. tastes B. to taste C. tasting D. tasted Stargazy Pie 仰望星空派 123 特例2： 感官动词 没有被动！！！ English is hard to learn. English is too hard to learn. English is easy enough to learn. I find English hard to learn. 特例3：反射不定式 English is hard to learn. English is too hard to learn. English is easy enough to learn. I find English hard to learn. 特例3：反射不定式 （09重庆） With the world changing fast, we have something new _______with all by ourselves every day. A. deal B. to be dealt C. to deal D. dealing 不定式的主动表被动！！！ 特例4：定语不定式 满足条件： ①不定式与所修饰词是动宾关系 ②句子中出现了动作执行者 I have some homework to do. 128 1. With a lot of homework to __________(do/be done), I have to stay up. 2. I need a pencil to __________(write/be written) with. 定语不定式 do write 1. With a lot of homework to __________(do/be done), I have to stay up. 2. I need a pencil to __________(write/be written) with. 注意：介词不能忘写 定语不定式 do write 3. — Doctor Samuel, do you have anything ________? —Not now, but I have an important meeting ________ , so please _________ a car to pick me up at 2 o’clock. A. to type; to attend; arrange for B. to be typed; to attend; arrange C. to be typed; to attend; arrange for D. to typed; to be attended; arrange for 动宾关系的主被动 让别人做 句中有动作执行者 131 定语不定式 4. There is a lot of homework to __________(do/be done). 如果是自己做，do 如果是让别人做，be done do/be done 5. The boy is to __________(blame/be blamed). blame 不定式的主动表被动！！！ 特例5：不定式的固定搭配 批评：be to blame 表扬：be to praise 出租：be to let 6. Generally __________(speaking/spoken), English is easy to learn. speaking 1. __________(Judge) from the cover, the book is interesting. 2 __________(Take) everything into consideration, the bad boy is fired. Judging Taking 满足条件： ①作状语 ②表示说话人态度 Generally/Honestly/Roughly speaking通常/坦白/大概来说 Judging from 从…判断 Considering/Taking…into consideration 考虑到… 特例6：评注性状语 4. __________(Give) her age, the girl has done a good job. 5. __________(Provide) there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here. 6. __________(Suppose) it were true, what would happen? Given Providing/Provided Supposing/Suppose 138 分词转换成了介词或连词 Given 考虑到 （用法上＝介词about） Concerning 关于 （用法上＝介词about） Supposing/Suppose/Providing/Provided 假如（=连词if） According to 根据 Owing to 由于 Including 包括 特例7：惯用分词表达 7. __________(Be) French, it is surprising that she is such a terrible cook. 8. __________(Have) so little time, there was not much that I could do. Being Having 特例8：含先行主语it/there 含先行主语it/there 分词的主被动看逻辑主语 9. __________(Use) the electric energy, changing its form is of necessity. Using 分词作状语 暗含的逻辑主语是泛指的one或you Using the electric energy, changing its form is of necessity. =When one uses the electric energy, … 特例9：暗含泛指的逻辑主语 10. Suzhou is worth __________(visit). 11. Suzhou is worthy of __________(visit). 12. The flowers need __________(water). visiting being visited watering 特例10：be worth doing be worth doing = be worthy of being done = be worthy to be done 特例11： need/ want / require doing = ~ to be done 动名词的特例 第四步：判断时间先后 时间先后 谓语动词 非谓语动词 1. ____________ (finish) his composition, he went out to do some shopping. 2. He is believed _______ (go) aboard last year. 3. Tom looked at Jenny, tears ______ his eyes, and shouted the words ________ in his heart for years. A. filling; having been hidden B. filled; hidden C. filling; hidden D. filled; hiding Having finished to have gone 不作定语 Sb. is said/reported/believed to do 147 4. _________ his head high, the manager walked into the room to attend the meeting _________ then. Holding; being held B. Held; holding C. Having held; held D. Held; to be held done表被动和完成；being done 表被动和正在进行 The house built last year was pulled done last week. The house being built now will be completed next month. 148 5. He is reported _________ (kill) in the accident. 6. He was reported _________ (kill) in the accident. to have been killed to have been killed 非谓语动词用完成式还是一般式，与谓语动词的时态无关 7. I remember _________ (lend) $ 100, but you haven‘t paid it back. lending 动名词作宾语时完成式常用一般式来代替 非谓语动词 一般式 进行式 完成式 to do to do to be done to be doing to have done to have been done doing doing being done having done having been done done done 8. My son pretended _______________ (sleep) when I came back. to be sleeping 重点复习 判断是不是非谓语 判断作什么成分 判断主被动 判断时间先后 成分——非谓语 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语 ①不定式 ②动名词 ①不定式 ②动名词 ①不定式 ②动名词③分词 ①不定式 ②动名词③分词 ①不定式 ②分词 ①不定式 ②分词 解释+给大家15秒钟记一下 155 非谓语动词 一般式 进行式 完成式 to do to do to be done to be doing to have done to have been done doing doing being done having done having been done done done 独立主格 只能做状语 157 中文可以在一句话中随意切换主语，比如： 中文可以在一句话中随意切换主语，比如： 我在路上遇见了A, A说他在路上遇见了B, B说他在路上遇见了C… 这段可口述带过 把ABC换成学生的名字 159 中文可以在一句话中随意切换主语，比如： 我在路上遇见了A, A说他在路上遇见了B, B说他在路上遇见了C… 但英文是要强调主语一致的，倘若不允许有连词，碰上这种句子： 这段可口述带过 把ABC换成学生的名字 160 中文可以在一句话中随意切换主语，比如： 我在路上遇见了A, A说他在路上遇见了B, B说他在路上遇见了C… 但英文是要强调主语一致的，倘若不允许有连词，碰上这种句子： 他在前面走，他的狗跟在后面。 可以这样处理 161 他在前面走，他的狗跟在后面。 He walks ahead, his dog following him. 独立主格 ：即有着自己独立主语的状语 接下来考虑为什么用following 162 He walks ahead, his dog following him. 原因： 1 前文已经有walks作为本句的谓语动词，所以此处要用非谓语 2 his dog和follow形成主动关系 独立主格结构： n./pron.+ 非谓语动词 实际上 独立主格结构就是在破坏句子 那么破坏一个句子最直接的方式就是把谓语动词变成非谓语动词 163 The movie __________(show), I stare at the screen. being shown The last bus __________(go), we had to walk home. 翻译：如果天气允许的话，我们明天就去钓鱼。 Weather permitting, we will be going fishing. having gone 那如果谓语动词是be动词呢？ 165 I looked at my homework. My heart was full of worry. I looked at my homework, my heart __________(be) full of worry. I sat at the table. My head was down. I sat at the table, my head __________(be) down. Many people joined us. Some of them were women and children. Many people joined us, some of them __________(be) women and children. / / / 谓语动词为be动词时 去掉be动词是破坏句子的最直接的方式 因此可以做表语的形式就可以放在独立主格结构中 166 独立主格结构： n./pron.+ 非谓语动词／adj.／n.／adv.／prep.短语 With the homework __________(do), I went to play King of Glory. 注意：with加不加，没有区别！！！ Without a lot of homework __________(do), I went to play King of Glory. 注意：without就是没有 to do done The boy walked to me.An apple was in his hand. The boy walked to me, an apple in his hand. The boy walked to me, apple in hand. The boy walked to me, with an apple in his hand. The old man stood under a big tree, __________. A. a cigarette in mouth B. with a cigarette in mouth C. cigarette in mouth D. cigarette in his mouth cigarette in mouth 或with a cigarette in his mouth It is Sunday. The students are at home. It __________(be) Sunday, the students are at home. There was no teacher in the classroom. The students began to talk freely. There __________(be) no teacher in the classroom, the students began to talk freely. 注意：It being/There being being being / 171 The meeting is over. All left. The meeting __________over, all left. 注意：独立主格作原因状语时，be变being being / 172 Thanks $