Unit 1 Science and Scientists 期末词汇拓展短语背记（一）清单-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第二册
人教版 选择性必修二 Unit 1 Science and Scientists.期末词汇拓展短语背记（一）
序号 | 短语或句型 | 意思 | 例句1（中英对照） | 例句2（中英对照） |
1 | suffer from cholera | 患霍乱（感染霍乱病毒引发疾病） | In the past, many people suffered from cholera due to poor water quality.（过去，由于水质差，很多人患霍乱。） | The doctor warned that people living in unsanitary conditions are more likely to suffer from cholera.（医生警告，生活在不卫生环境中的人更易患霍乱。） |
2 | prevent cholera | 预防霍乱（采取措施避免感染霍乱） | Drinking boiled water and washing hands frequently are effective ways to prevent cholera.（喝开水、勤洗手是预防霍乱的有效方法。） | The government launched a campaign to prevent cholera by improving public sanitation.（政府通过改善公共卫生启动了预防霍乱的活动。） |
3 | severe pain | 剧烈疼痛（程度强烈、难以忍受的疼痛） | She cried out because of severe pain in her stomach.（她因胃部剧烈疼痛而大叫。） | The athlete had to quit the game due to severe pain in his leg.（运动员因腿部剧烈疼痛不得不退出比赛。） |
4 | severe punishment | 严厉的惩罚（程度重、有警示作用的处罚） | Students who cheat in exams will face severe punishment according to the school rules.（根据校规，考试作弊的学生将面临严厉的惩罚。） | The law imposes severe punishment on those who sell fake medicine.（法律对售卖假药的人施加严厉的惩罚。） |
5 | have diarrhoea | 腹泻（排便次数增多、粪便稀薄的症状） | He had diarrhoea after eating expired food and had to see a doctor.（他吃了过期食物后腹泻，不得不去看医生。） | Eating too many cold foods in summer may make you have diarrhoea.（夏天吃太多生冷食物可能会让你腹泻。） |
6 | cause diarrhoea | 引起腹泻（导致出现腹泻症状） | Contaminated water can easily cause diarrhoea, especially in children.（受污染的水易引起腹泻，儿童尤其如此。） | Some spicy and greasy foods may cause diarrhoea for people with sensitive stomachs.（一些辛辣油腻 |
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
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| 的食物可能会给肠胃敏感的人引起腹泻。） |
7 | suffer from dehydration | 脱水（身体水分流失过多的状态） | Athletes often suffer from dehydration after long hours of training in summer.（运动员在夏天长时间训练后常出现脱水。） | If you don’t drink enough water during a fever, you may suffer from dehydration.（发烧时不喝足够的水，你可能会脱水。） |
8 | prevent dehydration | 预防脱水（采取措施避免身体水分流失过多） | Drinking water regularly during outdoor activities can prevent dehydration.（户外活动时定期喝水能预防脱水。） | Wearing light clothes and staying in the shade also help prevent dehydration in hot weather.（炎热天气穿浅色衣服、待在阴凉处也有助于预防脱水。） |
9 | be frustrated with sth | 对某事感到沮丧（因某事不如意而懊恼） | She was frustrated with her poor grades in math and decided to study harder.（她对自己的数学差成绩感到沮丧，决定更努力学习。） | Many students are frustrated with the difficulty of English listening comprehension.（很多学生对英语听力理解的难度感到沮丧。） |
10 | feel frustrated | 感到沮丧（内心产生懊恼、失意的情绪） | He felt frustrated when he failed to pass the driving test again.（再次没通过驾照考试时，他感到沮丧。） | You may feel frustrated at first, but keep trying and you will succeed.（一开始你可能会感到沮丧，但坚持尝试，你终将成功。） |
11 | solve the problem once and for all | 彻底解决问题（一次性解决，不再复发） | We need to find the root cause to solve the problem once and for all.（我们需要找到根源，彻底解决这个问题。） | The new policy aims to solve the traffic jam problem once and for all.（新政策旨在彻底解决交通拥堵问题。） |
12 | finish the task once and for all | 最终完成任务（一次性完成，不再拖延） | She stayed up late to finish the project task once and | Let’s focus on our work today and finish the task once and for all.（今天我 |
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
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| for all.（她熬夜最终完成了项目任务，不再拖延。） | 们集中精力工作，最终完成这项任务吧。） |
13 | contradictory opinions | 相互矛盾的观点（彼此冲突、不一致的看法） | During the discussion, the two experts put forward contradictory opinions on environmental protection.（讨论中，两位专家就环境保护提出了相互矛盾的观点。） | There are contradictory opinions among students about whether to have more homework.（关于是否要多留作业，学生们有相互矛盾的观点。） |
14 | be contradictory to sth | 与某事相矛盾（和某事实、观点不一致） | His actions are contradictory to his words—he said he would help but did nothing.（他言行不一，说会帮忙却什么也没做。） | The new data is contradictory to the previous research results.（新数据与之前的研究结果相矛盾。） |
15 | get an infection | 受到感染（身体被病菌侵入引发炎症） | He got an infection in his wound after falling off his bike.（他从自行车上摔下来后，伤口受到了感染。） | If you don’t clean the cut properly, you may get an infection.（如果不妥善清理伤口，你可能会受到感染。） |
16 | prevent infection | 预防感染（采取措施避免病菌侵入） | Covering your mouth when coughing can help prevent infection from spreading.（咳嗽时捂住嘴有助于预防感染传播。） | The nurse used alcohol to clean the skin before the injection to prevent infection.（护士注射前用酒精清洁皮肤，预防感染。） |
17 | infect sb with sth | 使某人感染某物（将病菌、病毒传给某人） | The patient infected his family members with the flu virus.（这位患者把流感病毒传给了家人。） | Mosquitoes can infect people with malaria.（蚊子能使人感染疟疾。） |
18 | be infected with a virus | 感染病毒（身体被病毒侵入） | Many people were infected with the new virus during the winter.（冬天期间，很多人感染了这种新病毒。） | She was infected with a cold virus after staying with her sick classmate.（她和 |
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