内容正文:
人教版 选择性必修二 Unit 1 Science and Scientists.期末词汇拓展短语背记(二)
序号
短语或句型
意思
例句1(中英对照)
例句2(中英对照)
1
solid evidence
可靠的证据(能充分证明事实的材料)
The police found solid evidence to prove the suspect’s guilt.(警方找到了可靠的证据,证明嫌疑人有罪。)
You need to provide solid evidence to support your argument in the essay.(写作文时,你需要提供可靠的证据支撑观点。)
2
turn into a solid
变成固体(从液态或气态转化为固态)
When the temperature drops below 0℃, water turns into a solid.(温度降到0℃以下时,水会变成固体。)
The melted chocolate will turn into a solid if we put it in the fridge.(把融化的巧克力放进冰箱,它会变成固体。)
3
cast a shadow
投下阴影(物体挡住光线形成阴影)
The tall building casts a long shadow on the square in the morning.(早上,这座高楼在广场上投下长长的阴影。)
The tree by the window casts a shadow on my desk when the sun shines.(太阳照射时,窗边的树在我的桌子上投下阴影。)
4
cast a glance
瞥一眼(快速看一下某人或某物)
She cast a glance at her watch and realized she was late.(她瞥了一眼手表,发现自己迟到了。)
He cast a glance at the newspaper headlines while having breakfast.(吃早餐时,他瞥了一眼报纸头条。)
5
in the shadow of
在……的阴影下(受某人/某物的影响或掩盖)
The small town has long lived in the shadow of the big city nearby.(这个小镇长期生活在附近大城市的阴影下。)
The young artist’s work was in the shadow of his famous father’s.(这位年轻艺术家的作品被他著名父亲的光环掩盖。)
6
long shadow
长长的影子(物体在特定光线下形成的长影)
In the late afternoon, our long shadows stretch along the street.(傍晚时分,我们长长的影子沿着街道延伸。)
The street lamp’s long shadow covers half of the sidewalk at night.(晚上,路灯的长影覆盖了一半人行道。)
7
see a rainbow
看到彩虹(观察到雨后出现的彩色光带)
We were lucky to see a rainbow after the heavy rain yesterday.(昨天大雨后,我们有幸看到了彩虹。)
Children cheered when they saw a rainbow across the sky.(孩子们看到天空中横跨的彩虹时欢呼起来。)
8
rainbow after the rain
雨后彩虹(雨后出现的彩虹,比喻困境后的希望)
A rainbow after the rain always brings people a good mood.(雨后彩虹总能给人带来好心情。)
Just like a rainbow after the rain, difficulties will pass and better days will come.(就像雨后彩虹,困难总会过去,美好的日子终会来临。)
9
pour water
倒水(将水从容器中倒出)
Please pour some water into the flower pot—it’s too dry.(请往花盆里倒点水,太干了。)
She carefully poured water from the kettle into the cup.(她小心地把水壶里的水倒进杯子。)
10
rain pours
下大雨(雨水大量倾泻而下)
When it rains pours, we usually stay at home and read books.(下大雨时,我们通常待在家里看书。)
The rain poured so hard that the streets were flooded in an hour.(雨下得太大,一小时内街道就被淹了。)
11
concrete building
混凝土建筑(用混凝土建造的建筑物)
The new library is a strong concrete building that can resist small earthquakes.(新图书馆是坚固的混凝土建筑,能抵御小地震。)
Most modern high-rise buildings are concrete buildings for safety.(为了安全,大多数现代高层建筑是混凝土建筑。)
12
concrete plans
具体的计划(详细、可执行的方案)
We need to make concrete plans before starting the school charity event.(开展学校慈善活动前,我们需要制定具体的计划。)
His concrete plans for learning English include reading one article every day.(他学习英语的具体计划包括每天读一篇文章。)
13
blood plasma
血浆(血液中不含血细胞的液体部分)
The hospital is calling for volunteers to donate blood plasma to help patients.(医院呼吁志愿者捐献血浆帮助患者。)
Blood plasma plays an important role in carrying nutrients and hormones.(血浆在运输营养物质和激素方面起重要作用。)
14
donate plasma
捐献血浆(自愿捐献血浆给医疗机构)
He has donated plasma three times this year to help people in need.(今年他已经捐了三次血浆,帮助有需要的人。)
Before you donate plasma, the hospital will check your health condition.(捐献血浆前,医院会检查你的健康状况。)
15
aerospace industry
航空航天工业(制造飞机、火箭等的产业)
China’s aerospace industry has made great achievements in sending satellites into space.(中国航空航天工业在发射卫星方面取得了巨大成就。)
Many engineers dream of working in the aerospace industry to explore the universe.(许多工程师梦想在航空航天工业工作,探索宇宙。)
16
work in aerospace
在航空航天领域工作(从事航空航天相关职业)
My cousin works in aerospace and designs parts for rockets.(我表哥在航空航天领域工作,设计火箭部件。)
To work in aerospace, you need to have a good knowledge of physics and engineering.(要在航空航天领域工作,你需要精通物理和工程学。)
17
patriotic feelings
爱国情感(对祖国的热爱和忠诚之情)
Every Chinese has deep patriotic feelings for their motherland.(每个中国人都对祖国怀有深厚的爱国情感。)
The film aroused strong patriotic feelings among the audience.(这部电影激发了观众强烈的爱国情感。)
18
patriotic actions
爱国行为(体现爱国情怀的实际行动)
Volunteering to help with national events is a kind of patriotic action.(自愿参与国家活动是一种爱国行为。)
Studying hard to contribute to the country’s development is a patriotic action.(努力学习为国家发展做贡献,是一种爱国行为。)
19
mechanical problems
机械故障(机器或设备的机械部分出现问题)
The old car often has mechanical problems, so we plan to sell it.(这辆旧车经常出机械故障,我们打算卖掉它。)
The factory stopped production because of mechanical problems in the main machine.(由于主机出现机械故障,工厂停产了。)
20
a car mechanic
汽车机械师(修理汽车机械部分的技术人员)
We need to call a car mechanic to fix the broken engine of our car.(我们需要叫汽车机械师来修理汽车的故障发动机。)
My uncle is a skilled car mechanic who can repair all kinds of cars.(我叔叔是熟练的汽车机械师,能修理各种汽车。)
21
war breaks out
战争爆发(战争突然开始)
World War II broke out in 1939 and lasted for six years.(第二次世界大战于1939年爆发,持续了六年。)
People hope that no more wars will break out in the world.(人们希望世界上不再爆发战争。)
22
fire breaks out
火灾爆发(火灾突然发生)
A big fire broke out in the shopping mall last night, but no one was hurt.(昨晚商场爆发了一场大火,但没有人受伤。)
We should know how to escape safely when a fire breaks out.(火灾爆发时,我们应该知道如何安全逃生。)
23
aviation industry
航空工业(制造飞机和相关设备的产业)
The aviation industry has developed rapidly with the advancement of technology.(随着技术进步,航空工业发展迅速。)
Many countries invest heavily in the aviation industry to improve air travel.(许多国家大力投资航空工业,改善航空出行。)
24
aviation safety
航空安全(保障飞机飞行安全的各项措施和状态)
Aviation safety is the top priority for all airlines.(航空安全是所有航空公司的首要任务。)
The government has made strict rules to ensure aviation safety.(政府制定了严格的规定,确保航空安全。)
25
defend one's country
保卫国家(保护国家免受外来威胁)
Soldiers devote their lives to defending their country.(士兵们献身保卫国家。)
Every citizen has the duty to defend their country when it is in danger.(国家危难时,每个公民都有保卫国家的义务。)
26
defend oneself
为自己辩解(维护自己的权益或澄清误解)
When you are accused unfairly, you have the right to defend yourself.(当你受到不公正指控时,有权为自己辩解。)
She defended herself by showing the evidence that she was not at the scene.(她通过出示不在场证据为自己辩解。)
27
jet plane
喷气式飞机(以喷气发动机为动力的飞机)
The jet plane can fly from Beijing to Shanghai in about two hours.(喷气式飞机从北京飞到上海大约需要两小时。)
My first time taking a jet plane was when I went to visit my aunt in America.(我第一次坐喷气式飞机是去美国看望姑姑的时候。)
28
take a jet
乘坐喷气式飞机(搭乘喷气式飞机出行)
They will take a jet to Paris for the international conference next week.(他们下周将乘坐喷气式飞机去巴黎参加国际会议。)
Taking a jet is faster than taking a train, but it is more expensive.(乘坐喷气式飞机比坐火车快,但更贵。)
29
personal assistant
私人助理(协助个人处理日常事务的人员)
The company CEO hired a personal assistant to manage his schedule.(公司CEO雇了一位私人助理管理他的日程。)
My personal assistant helps me organize meetings and answer emails.(我的私人助理帮我安排会议、回复邮件。)
30
be in charge of a project
主管一个项目(负责项目的规划和执行)
She is in charge of the new project about environmental protection.(她主管这个关于环境保护的新项目。)
He was chosen to be in charge of the project because of his rich experience.(由于经验丰富,他被选中主管这个项目。)
31
guided missile
导弹(由制导系统控制飞行的武器)
The military successfully tested a new guided missile last month.(军方上个月成功测试了一种新型导弹。)
Guided missiles are important weapons for national defense.(导弹是国防的重要武器。)
32
launch a missile
发射导弹(将导弹发射出去的动作)
No country is allowed to launch a missile at another without reason.(任何国家都不允许无故向他国发射导弹。)
The soldiers practiced launching missiles in the military exercise.(士兵们在军事演习中练习发射导弹。)
33
show leadership
展现领导才能(表现出带领他人的能力)
He showed great leadership when he organized the school sports meeting.(组织学校运动会时,他展现了出色的领导才能。)
A good team leader should show leadership in solving problems.(优秀的团队领导应在解决问题时展现领导才能。)
34
under one's leadership
在某人的领导下(在某人的带领和管理下)
Under the teacher’s leadership, our class won the first prize in the competition.(在老师的领导下,我们班在比赛中获得了一等奖。)
The company developed rapidly under the CEO’s wise leadership.(在CEO的明智领导下,公司发展迅速。)
35
trace back to
追溯到(找到事物的起源或历史)
This traditional festival can trace back to over 1,000 years ago.(这个传统节日可以追溯到1000多年前。)
His family history can trace back to the Tang Dynasty.(他的家族历史可以追溯到唐朝。)
36
leave a trace
留下痕迹(留下可察觉的迹象或印记)
The thief left no trace at the crime scene, making it hard for the police to investigate.(小偷在犯罪现场没有留下痕迹,给警方调查带来困难。)
The flood left a trace of damage on the old building.(洪水在这座老建筑上留下了损坏的痕迹。)
37
outstanding student
优秀学生(表现出色、成绩优异的学生)
Li Hua is an outstanding student who excels in both studies and sports.(李华是优秀学生,学习和体育都很出色。)
The school awarded her the title of “Outstanding Student” for her hard work.(学校因她的努力授予她“优秀学生”称号。)
38
outstanding problem
未解决的问题(尚未处理完毕的问题)
There are still some outstanding problems to be discussed in the meeting.(会议上还有一些未解决的问题需要讨论。)
We must solve all outstanding problems before the project ends.(项目结束前,我们必须解决所有未解决的问题。)
39
gifted in music
有音乐天赋(在音乐方面有天生的才能)
My little sister is gifted in music—she can play the piano at the age of five.(我妹妹有音乐天赋,五岁就能弹钢琴。)
He is gifted in music and has won many prizes in singing competitions.(他有音乐天赋,在歌唱比赛中获得过很多奖项。)
40
come down with a cold
患感冒(染上感冒这种小病)
She came down with a cold because she wore too little in the cold weather.(她因为天冷穿得少,患上了感冒。)
If you don’t get enough rest, you may come down with a cold easily.(如果休息不足,你很容易患感冒。)
41
abstract concept
抽象概念(无法直接感知、需通过思维理解的概念)
Time and love are both abstract concepts that we can’t see or touch.(时间和爱都是抽象概念,我们无法看见或触摸。)
It’s hard for young children to understand abstract concepts like “justice”.(幼儿很难理解“正义”这类抽象概念。)
42
write an abstract
写摘要(为文章或报告撰写简短概括)
You need to write an abstract for your research paper before submitting it.(提交研究论文前,你需要写一份摘要。)
The abstract should briefly introduce the main content of the article.(摘要应简要介绍文章的主要内容。)
43
steady growth
稳定增长(持续、平稳的增长状态)
Our country has achieved steady economic growth in recent years.(近年来,我国实现了经济稳定增长。)
The company’s steady growth is due to its high-quality products and good service.(公司的稳定增长得益于其优质产品和良好服务。)
44
steady pace
平稳的步伐(速度均匀、不慌不忙的行走节奏)
We should walk at a steady pace during the hiking to save energy.(徒步时,我们应以平稳的步伐行走,节省体力。)
The old man walked with a steady pace, supported by his daughter.(老人在女儿的搀扶下,迈着平稳的步伐行走。)
45
basic concept
基本概念(学科或领域中最基础的概念)
Before learning advanced knowledge, we must master the basic concept of this subject.(学习高级知识前,我们必须掌握这门学科的基本概念。)
The teacher spent a class explaining the basic concept of “photosynthesis”.(老师用一节课讲解了“光合作用”的基本概念。)
46
new concept
新概念(新提出的、不同于传统的概念)
The designer came up with a new concept for the smartphone, which is very popular.(设计师为智能手机提出了一个新概念,很受欢迎。)
This new concept of education focuses on students’ practical abilities.(这种新的教育概念注重学生的实践能力。)
47
famous astronomer
著名天文学家(在天文学领域有突出贡献的人)
Copernicus was a famous astronomer who proposed the heliocentric theory.(哥白尼是著名天文学家,提出了日心说。)
Many students dream of becoming a famous astronomer like Stephen Hawking.(许多学生梦想成为像史蒂芬·霍金那样的著名天文学家。)
48
study astronomy
研究天文学(学习和探索天体、宇宙的学科)
He decided to study astronomy in university to explore the mysteries of the universe.(他决定在大学研究天文学,探索宇宙的奥秘。)
We can study astronomy by observing stars with a telescope at night.(我们可以通过晚上用望远镜观察星星来研究天文学。)
49
use a telescope
使用望远镜(操作望远镜观察远处物体)
We use a telescope to see distant stars and planets clearly.(我们用望远镜清晰地观察遥远的恒星和行星。)
The teacher taught us how to use a telescope in the science class.(科学课上,老师教我们如何使用望远镜。)
50
look through a telescope
通过望远镜观察(用望远镜查看目标)
The astronomer looked through the telescope and found a new asteroid.(天文学家通过望远镜观察,发现了一颗新的小行星。)
I looked through the telescope and saw the moon’s craters clearly.(我通过望远镜观察,清晰地看到了月球上的环形山。)
51
besides English
除了英语之外(除某事物外还有其他)
Besides English, she also speaks French and Japanese fluently.(除了英语,她还能流利地说法语和日语。)
Besides reading, he likes playing basketball and swimming in his free time.(除了阅读,他空闲时还喜欢打篮球和游泳。)
52
besides (adv.)
而且;此外(补充说明额外信息)
This book is very interesting; besides, it is full of useful knowledge.(这本书很有趣,而且充满了有用的知识。)
The hotel is near the city center; besides, it offers free breakfast.(这家酒店靠近市中心,此外还提供免费早餐。)
53
brilliant idea
绝妙的主意(非常好、有创意的想法)
She had a brilliant idea to hold a charity sale to help poor children.(她有一个绝妙的主意:举办义卖帮助贫困儿童。)
The brilliant idea solved the difficult problem that had troubled us for weeks.(这个绝妙的主意解决了困扰我们几周的难题。)
54
brilliant student
聪颖的学生(聪明、学习能力强的学生)
Tom is a brilliant student who always gets the highest marks in exams.(汤姆是聪颖的学生,考试总是得最高分。)
The teacher praised her as a brilliant student for her quick thinking.(老师称赞她思维敏捷,是个聪颖的学生。)
55
furthermore (adv.)
此外;再者(进一步补充说明)
This phone has a good camera; furthermore, it has a long battery life.(这款手机摄像头好,此外续航也长。)
He is hard-working; furthermore, he is very helpful to his classmates.(他很努力,再者还经常帮助同学。)
56
above all
最重要的是;尤其是(强调重点)
When learning a language, above all, you need to practice speaking as much as possible.(学习语言时,最重要的是,你要尽可能多练习口语。)
When crossing the road, above all, be careful of the passing cars.(过马路时,最重要的是,要小心过往车辆。)
57
it's one's fault
是某人的错(责任在于某人)
It’s your fault for forgetting to lock the door, so you should apologize.(忘记锁门是你的错,你应该道歉。)
He admitted that it was his fault for breaking the window.(他承认打破窗户是他的错。)
58
find fault with
挑剔(故意找他人或事物的缺点)
We should not find fault with others easily—everyone has their own advantages.(我们不应轻易挑剔别人,每个人都有优点。)
Her mother always finds fault with her cooking, which makes her upset.(她妈妈总挑剔她做的饭,这让她很不开心。)
59
shift one's attention
转移注意力(将注意力从一处移到另一处)
He tried to shift his attention from the noisy classroom to his textbook.(他试图把注意力从吵闹的教室转移到课本上。)
The teacher used a funny story to shift students’ attention back to the class.(老师用一个有趣的故事把学生的注意力拉回课堂。)
60
night shift
夜班(在夜间工作的班次)
My mother works the night shift at the hospital this week, so she sleeps during the day.(妈妈这周在医院上夜班,所以白天睡觉。)
Working the night shift for a long time is bad for your health.(长期上夜班对健康不利。)
61
vivid description
生动的描述(细节丰富、让人有画面感的叙述)
The writer’s vivid description of the sunset made readers feel like they were there.(作家对日落的生动描述,让读者仿佛身临其境。)
She gave a vivid description of her trip to the Great Wall.(她生动地描述了自己的长城之旅。)
62
vivid memory
清晰的记忆(印象深刻、细节清晰的回忆)
I have a vivid memory of my first day at primary school.(我对小学第一天有清晰的记忆。)
The happy time we spent together left a vivid memory in my mind.(我们一起度过的快乐时光,在我心中留下了清晰的记忆。)
63
during Queen Victoria's reign
在维多利亚女王统治时期(1837-1901年英国女王统治期间)
During Queen Victoria's reign, Britain became a powerful industrial country.(在维多利亚女王统治时期,英国成为强大的工业国。)
Many famous novels were written during Queen Victoria's reign.(许多著名小说创作于维多利亚女王统治时期。)
64
Queen Victoria Era
维多利亚女王时代(维多利亚女王统治的历史时期)
The Queen Victoria Era is known for its cultural prosperity and social changes.(维多利亚女王时代以文化繁荣和社会变革著称。)
Fashion in the Queen Victoria Era was characterized by long dresses and top hats.(维多利亚女王时代的时尚以长裙和高顶礼帽为特色。)
65
Cambridge University
剑桥大学(英国著名高等学府)
Cambridge University is one of the top universities in the world.(剑桥大学是世界顶尖大学之一。)
Many famous scientists, like Newton, studied at Cambridge University.(许多著名科学家,如牛顿,曾在剑桥大学学习。)
66
study in Cambridge
在剑桥学习(在剑桥大学或剑桥地区求学)
He dreams of studying in Cambridge to major in physics.(他梦想在剑桥学习,主修物理。)
My cousin studied in Cambridge for three years and got her master’s degree.(我表妹在剑桥学习了三年,获得了硕士学位。)
67
study non-Newtonian fluid
研究非牛顿流体(探索不遵循牛顿黏性定律的流体)
In the science experiment, we learned to study non-Newtonian fluid like oobleck.(科学实验中,我们学习研究像欧不裂这样的非牛顿流体。)
Scientists study non-Newtonian fluid to apply it in industry, like making paint.(科学家研究非牛顿流体,将其应用于工业,如制造油漆。)
68
properties of non-Newtonian fluid
非牛顿流体的特性(非牛顿流体的物理性质)
The properties of non-Newtonian fluid include changing viscosity with shear rate.(非牛顿流体的特性包括黏度随剪切速率变化。)
We did an experiment to observe the properties of non-Newtonian fluid in class.(课堂上我们做了实验,观察非牛顿流体的特性。)
69
work in the Jet Propulsion Laboratory
在喷气推进实验室工作(在美国NASA下属实验室任职)
Many top scientists work in the Jet Propulsion Laboratory to explore space.(许多顶尖科学家在喷气推进实验室工作,探索太空。)
He has worked in the Jet Propulsion Laboratory for five years, designing Mars rovers.(他在喷气推进实验室工作了五年,设计火星探测器。)
70
research by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory
喷气推进实验室的研究(该实验室开展的科研项目)
The research by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory helped send the Perseverance rover to Mars.(喷气推进实验室的研究助力“毅力号”火星车登陆火星。)
We learned about the research by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in our astronomy class.(天文学课上,我们了解了喷气推进实验室的研究。)
71
Stephen Hawking's theory
史蒂芬·霍金的理论(这位英国物理学家提出的科学理论)
Stephen Hawking's theory about black holes is famous around the world.(史蒂芬·霍金关于黑洞的理论闻名世界。)
We discussed Stephen Hawking's theory in the physics class.(物理课上,我们讨论了史蒂芬·霍金的理论。)
72
works by Stephen Hawking
史蒂芬·霍金的著作(这位物理学家撰写的书籍)
A Brief History of Time is one of the most famous works by Stephen Hawking.(《时间简史》是史蒂芬·霍金最著名的著作之一。)
I have read several works by Stephen Hawking and was deeply impressed.(我读了史蒂芬·霍金的几部著作,深受触动。)
73
study the big bang theory
研究大爆炸宇宙论(探索宇宙起源的理论)
Astronomers study the big bang theory to understand how the universe began.(天文学家研究大爆炸宇宙论,了解宇宙的起源。)
We learned to study the big bang theory through videos and books.(我们通过视频和书籍学习研究大爆炸宇宙论。)
74
the big bang theory explains...
大爆炸宇宙论解释……(该理论对某现象的说明)
The big bang theory explains that the universe started from a tiny, dense point.(大爆炸宇宙论解释,宇宙起源于一个微小、致密的点。)
The big bang theory explains why the universe is still expanding today.(大爆炸宇宙论解释了为什么宇宙至今仍在膨胀。)
75
Fred Hoyle's research
弗雷德·霍伊尔的研究(这位英国天文学家的科研成果)
Fred Hoyle's research on stellar nucleosynthesis made great contributions to astronomy.(弗雷德·霍伊尔关于恒星核合成的研究对天文学贡献巨大。)
We learned about Fred Hoyle's research in our high school astronomy class.(高中天文学课上,我们了解了弗雷德·霍伊尔的研究。)
76
ideas of Fred Hoyle
弗雷德·霍伊尔的观点(这位天文学家提出的看法)
Fred Hoyle's ideas about the “steady state theory” were once popular in astronomy.(弗雷德·霍伊尔关于“稳态理论”的观点曾在天文学界流行。)
Scientists discussed the ideas of Fred Hoyle and compared them with other theories.(科学家们讨论了弗雷德·霍伊尔的观点,并与其他理论进行了比较。)
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$