第一部分 必修第三册 UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION（教师用书Word）-【高考领航】2026年高考英语大一轮复习学案

情感描写之 “好奇” 续写词块积累 续写金句背诵 1.be curious about　对……好奇 2．curiosity gets/got the better of sb 好奇心占了上风 3．out of curiosity 由于好奇 4．burn with curiosity 满是好奇 5．stare/look at sb/sth with curiosity 好奇地看着某人/某物 6．driven by curiosity 受好奇心驱使 7．contain one's curiosity/keep one's curiosity in check 抑制某人的好奇心 1.Eventually，her curiosity got the better of her.She arose and rushed out of her room. 最后，好奇心占了上风，她站起来冲出房间。 2．Burning with curiosity，she ran across the field fast until she reached the golden door of the house. 她满怀好奇地飞速跑过田野，一直跑到那所房子的金色的门前。 3．She stopped at the door and stared at it with curiosity.她在门前驻足，好奇地盯着这个房子。 4．Her curiosity grew bigger.Puzzlement and curiosity were written over her face. 她的好奇心越来越重，脸上露出困惑和好奇的神色。 重 点 词 汇 1 disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的(☞disappoint vt.使失望/沮丧☞disappointing adj.令人失望的☞disappointment n．失望；沮丧) [练透]——单句语法填空/句型转换 ①Judging from his disappointed look，his boss was disappointed with his disappointing performance.(disappoint) ②Overcome with bitter disappointment(disappoint) at his failing to win a prize，he locked himself in the room.(读后续写之心理描写) ③To their disappointment，they failed to cook a Mother's Day breakfast at the first attempt.(2021·新高考卷读后续写) →What made them disappointed/What disappointed them was that they failed to cook a Mother's Day breakfast at the first attempt.(what引导的主语从句) →They failed to cook a Mother's Day breakfast at the first attempt，which made them disappointed/disappointed them．(定语从句) (1)be disappointed at/with/by...　　对……失望 be disappointed to do sth 对做某事失望 be disappointed that... 对……失望 (2)to one's disappointment 令某人失望的是 2 desire n．渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望 [练透]——单句语法填空/一句多译 ①Friends are united by a shared love for the arts and for the university, and by a desire to be (be) part of a cultural community.(2025·八省联考) ②When I applied to graduate school，I found three programmes promising to allow me to follow my desired (desire) research direction.(2023·北京卷) ③如果你渴望无障碍地与外国人交流，我呼吁你立即加入我们的英语口语俱乐部。(2022·天津卷3月书面表达) →If you desire to communicate with foreigners freely，I appeal to you to join our Spoken English Club right away.(简单句) →If you desire that you (should) communicate with foreigners freely，I appeal to you to join our Spoken English Club right away.(宾语从句) (1)have a desire to do sth　　渴望做某事 have a desire for sth 渴望得到某物 (2)desire to do sth 渴望做某事 desire sb to do sth 渴望某人做某事 desire that...(should) do... 渴望…… 3 lack n．缺乏；短缺 vt.没有；缺乏(☞lacking adj.不足的；缺乏的) [练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译 ①Though lacking (lack) cooking experience，the twins made up for it by turning to the Internet for some advice.(2021·新高考卷读后续写) ②尽管经历了许多困难，包括极端的天气条件和缺乏食物和水，但他还是到达了目的地。(2023·全国甲卷书面表达) He reached the destination despite many hardships，including extreme weather conditions and a lack of food and water． ③由于缺乏自信和经验，简完全不知道该如何应对这可怕的情况。(读后续写之情感描写) →For lack of confidence and experience，Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.(介词短语) →Lacking confidence and experience，Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.(分词作状语) (1)(a) lack of　　　　缺少…… for/through lack of 因缺少…… (2)be lacking in 在……方面缺乏 4 argue vi.& vt.(argued，argued，arguing)论证；争论；争辩；主张；说服(☞argument n．争论；争吵；论点) [练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It is beyond argument (argue) that the Great Wall is the symbol of China.(应用文之推荐信) ②渴望掌握一些基本的生活技能，我说服了母亲在五一假期期间教我做饭。(2023·全国乙卷书面表达) Eager to master some basic living skills，I argued my mother into teaching me how to cook during the May Day holiday. ③根据上面的表格，65%的学生赞成听英语歌曲而18%的学生主张他们可以通过读英语名著来提高他们的英语水平。(2022·全国乙卷书面表达) Based on the above chart，65% of the students argue for enjoying English songs while 18% of the students argue that they can have their English level improved by reading English classics. (1)argue with sb about/over sth　　　　因某事与某人争吵/争论 argue for/against(doing)sth 据理赞成/反对(做)某事 (2) argue that... 主张……；认为…… (3) argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事 5 attach vt.系；绑；贴(☞attached adj.附加的；依恋的，爱慕的☞attachment n．附件；附属品；依恋) [练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Simply complete the membership form, return it with your annual membership fee in the attached (attach) envelope, and begin enjoying your benefits immediately.(2025·八省联考) ②To be honest，a lot of people attach great importance to becoming (become) rich and famous. ③ 现在是时候重视我们的生态系统的平衡了。让我们马上采取行动吧！(应用文之倡议书) It's high time that we attached/should attach great importance to the balance of our ecosystem.Let's take action right now! (1)attach...to...　　　把……固定/附在……上 attach great importance/significance to sth 认为……有重要性/意义 (2) be attached to 附属于；依恋 6 result in 导致；造成 [练透]—— 一句多译/完成句子 ①直到他再次失败后，他才意识到是他的懒惰导致了他的失败。 →Only after he failed a second time did he realize that his laziness resulted in his failure．(result in) →It was only after he failed a second time that he realized that his failure resulted from his laziness．(result from) ②由于缺乏社交而产生的误解，如果处理不当，可能会导致严重的问题。 Misunderstandings resulting from lack of social communication，if not handled properly，may result in serious problems．(分词作定语) (1)result from　由……造成；因……而产生 (2)as a result 结果 as a result of 由于……的结果 without result 没有结果；白费 7 run out 用完；耗尽 [练透]——用run的相关短语填空/完成句子 ①In the future，care for the environment will become very important as the earth's natural resources are running out． ②The moment we ran across/into a cute wild rabbit，we rode our horses and ran after it without hesitation. ③大卫快要筋疲力尽了，但当他听到其他孩子的欢呼声时，他浑身是汗，蹒跚地朝终点线走去。(2022·新高考卷读后续写) David was running out of his energy but when he heard loud cheers from the other kids，he was struggling his way towards the finish line，bathed in sweat. run out of　　用光，用完(人作主语，有被动语态) run across 偶然遇到 run after 追逐；追求 run into 撞上；遇上，偶然遇到；碰上(困境、麻烦等) 经 典 句 式 1 句型公式：the＋序数词＋名词＋动词不定式 教材原句：Afterwards，the USSR focused on sending people into space，and on 12 April 1961，Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space. 后来，苏联集中力量把人送入太空，1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。 [练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The first landmark to catch(catch) my eye is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge，the world's longest bridge built over permafrost.(外研选必一U6) ②John was the first person to think(think) of making popcorn to help Bernard earn some extra money.He was convinced that he had the ability to help(help) Bernard out of the difficulty. ③说到历史上我最崇拜的人，我第一个想到的人是孔子。(2023·全国甲卷书面表达) When it comes to the person I admire most in history，the first person to come to my mind is Confucius. (1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级以及the next，the only，the right，the last等修饰，常用不定式作后置定语。 (2)动词不定式作定语常用来修饰ability，chance，opportunity，need，way，wish，effort，right，ambition，patience，anxiety，attempt等名词。 2 句型公式：动词-ing形式作主语 教材原句：Firstly，exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger. 首先，太空探索已经在对抗世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了重要作用。 [练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①We strongly encourage all teenagers to follow these lifestyle tips，because living well is (be) the safest and most effective way to get into shape.(译林必修一U4) ②If your supermarket sells loose produce，then buying(buy) smaller quantities is easier.(2024·浙江卷1月) ③在森林中迷路使我的心提到了嗓子眼儿，但是我知道感到害怕是没用的，找到走出森林的路才是我现在必须做的事情。(读后续写之心理描写) Being lost in the forest made my heart in my mouth.But I knew that it was no use feeling frightened and finding my way out of the forest was what I must do right now. exploring space是动名词(短语)在句中作主语。单个动名词(短语)作主语，谓语动词用单数；两个或两个以上用复数，doing作主语还有以下情况： (1)it作形式主语：It is no use/no good/useless doing sth意为“做某事没用”；It is a waste of time doing sth意为“做某事浪费时间”。 (2)动名词的复合结构：“名词所有格/形容词性物主代词＋doing”作主语。 要 点 拾 遗 1 launch vt.& n．发射；发起；上市 [练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The boss headed to the bar，signalling to the girl that she could take part in the project launched (launch) by the company. ②政府发起了一项活动，以提高人们对我们传统文化的关注意识。 The government launched an activity to raise people's awareness of paying attention to our traditional cultures. 2 carry on 继续做，坚持干 [练透]——完成句子 ①爷爷双腿颤抖着站了起来，继续沿路慢慢走着。 Grandfather rose to his feet on shaky legs，carrying on walking slowly down the road． ②尽管考试失败了，她相信她的决心和努力工作会帮助她渡过难关。 Despite the failure of the test，she believed her determination and hard work would carry her through tough times． 3 signal vt.& vi.标志着；标明；发信号n.信号；标志 [练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I ran up to the car，took him by the arm and signalled(signal)him to follow me.(读后续写之动作描写) ②司机抱起受伤的男孩，把他放进车里，匆忙把他送到医院，忽视了一路上的交通信号。 (读后续写之动作描写) The driver lifted up the injured boy，placed him in the car and rushed him to the hospital，ignoring the traffic signals all the way． 4 as a result 所以；结果(是) [练透]——补全句子 ①Many people do not realize the importance of space exploration technology in their lives.As a result/As a consequence(因此)，space exploration becomes a waste of time and money in their eyes. ②It's generally believed that he suffered from illness as a result/consequence of the overfull tiredness(由于过度疲劳). 层级一　语基落实练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空——巩固语言知识 1．(2024·新课标卷读后续写)I felt blessed to have met such a warm-hearted man.After that，we became good friends and kept in touch with each other regularly(regular). 2．I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination(determine). 3．(外研选必二U6)However，sending people there will require all the skill，courage and intelligence(intelligent) of the human race. 4．(外研必修三U5)Research also suggests that our desire to seek(seek) risks can be connected to how much we expect to benefit from the result. 5．She tried her hardest not to show how disappointed (disappoint) she was. 6．She managed a smile when I stepped over to her，and my anger，disappointment (disappoint) and heartbreak faded away. 7．We didn't know you were in trouble at that time，otherwise we would have given(give) you a hand. 8．What counts is that I can't wait to earn some pocket money to prove my independence (independent). 9．It is universally (universe) acknowledged that wealth doesn't necessarily mean happiness. 10．She was the first woman astronaut to give(give) a video lecture in space while orbiting in the capsule. Ⅱ.熟词生义练/一词多义练——清除阅读障碍 1．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思 (1)She was displeased with absolutely everything，nothing was right and I was rather surprised that she became a “regular”．常客 (2)“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house，” says Kathryn Whitehead.提出，提请考虑(想法或计划) (3)(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked，a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private，“off-line” activity.监视，监听 2．选出current的含义 A．adj.现在的；当前的 B．adj.流通的　C．n.水流 D．n.潮流 (1)Fighting against the strong currents and cold wind，she screamed for help at the top of her lungs every three minutes or so.__C__ (2)As we all know，the current money in China is RMB.__B__ (3)We should try our best to go with the current of the times.__D__ (4)Go to your doctor's visits with a good attitude.Bring your medical history，including a list of your current medicines.Think teamwork! Think positive！__A__ 层级二　写作提分练 通知——太空科学讲座 一、根据提示，利用本单元所学知识完成作文 1．随着越来越多的学生强烈渴望学习太空知识，本周五下午2点将在学校礼堂举行一场以太空科学为主题的讲座。(desire；过去分词短语作定语) As more and more students have a strong desire to learn space knowledge，a lecture themed on space science will be held in the school hall at 2 o'clock this Friday afternoon. 2．这个讲座主要由三个部分组成，第一部分将帮助我们弄懂我国太空飞行的历史和近期发射情况。(figure out；“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句) The lecture mainly consists of three parts，the first part of which will help us figure out the history as well as recent launch of space flights in our country. 3．对我们来说，更好地了解我国太空飞行的发展具有至关重要的意义，所以我们应该非常重视。(attach；it作形式主语) It is of vital significance for us to have a better understanding of the development of space flights in our country so we should attach great importance to it. 4．第二部分将继续向我们展示太空探索的好处，例如为某些疾病的治疗奠定基础。(carry on) The second part will carry on showing us the benefits of space exploration，such as laying the foundation for the cure for some illnesses. 5．最后但非常重要的部分是参与者可以提问题，以便使我们能够更多地了解太空探索。(so as to；表语从句) The last but very important part is that participants can ask questions so as to enable us learn more about space exploration. 6．欢迎任何渴望了解更多太空知识的同学参加本次讲座。(keen；定语从句) Any student who is keen on learning more about space is welcome to take part in the lecture. 二、请用恰当的过渡衔接词汇将以上各句合并成美文 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 [参考范文] As more and more students have a strong desire to learn space knowledge，a lecture themed on space science will be held in the school hall at 2 o'clock this Friday afternoon. The lecture mainly consists of three parts，the first part of which will help us figure out the history as well as recent launch of space flights in our country.It is of vital significance for us to have a better understanding of the development of space flights in our country so we should attach great importance to it.Besides，the second part will carry on showing us the benefits of space exploration，such as laying the foundation for the cure for some illnesses.The last but very important part is that participants can ask questions so as to enable us learn more about space exploration. Any student who is keen on learning more about space is welcome to take part in the lecture. 教材语料整合 亮词 [情感描写]　determined adj.→determine v．；disappointed adj.→disappoint v．→disappointment n．→disappointing adj.；desire vt.& n．→desirable adj.；in the hope of doing sth；keen；shallow [动作描写]　launch；leap；carry on；signal；figure out；argue；result in；monitor；provide for sb；run out；so as to (do sth) 美句 1.However，scientists were determined to realise that dream.(情感描写) 2．However，while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment，the desire to explore the universe did not die.(情感描写＋无灵主语) 3．Despite the difficulties，scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future.(主旨升华) 拓展语料积累——摊主一席话，使“我”茅塞顿开 续写语料 语段背诵 情 感 描 写 ①keen adj.　　　　热衷的；渴望的 ②intelligent adj. 有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的 ③be disappointed and frustrated 感到失望和沮丧 ④wipe one's tears 擦干眼泪 ⑤be moved to tears 感动得流下了眼泪 根据语境，补全小语段，并背诵成文 Having argued with my mother fiercely，I stormed out of the house，slamming the door heavily.① Disappointed and frustrated，I felt like floating in an ocean of limitless sadness (既失望又沮丧，我感觉好像漂浮在无限悲伤的海洋里).Later，I stood beside a stand and ② sighed for lack of money (由于缺钱叹了口气).The seller noticed my dilemma，③greeted me with a kind smile and signalled me to sit down (微笑着向我打招呼，示意我坐下).I was moved to tears.The seller smiled，“Girl，④ it is your mother who has been providing for you from when you were born (正是你的妈妈从你出生那天起就一直在为你提供生活所需)！” I wiped my tears，leapt to my feet and ran for home like a wind. 动 作 描 写 ①storm out of the house　愤怒地冲出房子 ②slam the door heavily 用力地砰地关上门 ③greet sb with a kind smile 用友善的微笑问候某人 ④signal sb to do sth 示意某人做某事 ⑤run for home like a wind 像风一样飞奔回家 ⑥argue with sb 与某人争论 限时规范训练(15) (建议用时：30分钟　满分：42.5分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分) A 难度：☆☆ The United Arab Emirates is a small country with big ambitions.Possibly，nowhere is clearer than in its space program，which has already sent two astronauts to space and has a satellite probing (探查) the atmosphere around Mars. The country，over 50 years old，marked a milestone on Monday after Emirati astronaut Sultan Alneyadi returned to Earth in a SpaceX capsule following six months aboard the International Space Station.It was the longest space mission conducted by an Arab astronaut.Alneyadi also became the first person from the Middle East to conduct a spacewalk outside the ISS. Alneyadi，42，was part of a four-person NASA Crew-6 mission that was launched in March and returned to Earth after 186 days in space.Alneyadi's time aboard the ISS highlights the country's regional edge in space exploration. “For me，it was a dream that had come true.It was really amazing，especially for my region，” Alneyadi said in a video conference a few days before leaving the ISS.“I felt that I'm responsible for showing what's happening aboard the station.I think it's a boost towards spreading the enthusiasm in our region.” The father of six and long-time military engineer has been praised as a national hero in the UAE since his return to Earth. The UAE's president，Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan，referred to Alneyadi as “my son” in a post congratulating him on his achievement.He said，“Alneyadi's journey shows we are capable of contributing positively to humanity's scientific and civilized march.” Alneyadi，a Ph.D.holder in information technology，beat out thousands of candidates in the UAE，passing numerous physical and psychological tests to ensure he could stand the physical and mental stress of being in space for many months.He then trained in Russia and the US to become an astronaut. In one of his final social media posts from space，Alneyadi wrote，“Space，this is not a goodbye.I will see you later，whether on a new mission to the ISS or a farther destination.” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了阿联酋的宇航员Sultan Alneyadi在国际空间站工作六个月后，于周一乘坐SpaceX的太空舱返回地球，该宇航员是第一个在国际空间站外进行太空行走的中东人。 1．What did Alneyadi say about his space exploration？(　　) A．It makes him responsible. B．It is inspiring in his region. C．It marks a milestone in spacewalks. D．It is an unrealistic space mission. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第四段中“I felt that I'm responsible for showing what's happening aboard the station.I think it's a boost towards spreading the enthusiasm in our region.”可知，Alneyadi觉得自己有责任展示空间站上发生的一切，他认为这有助于在他们地区传播热情。由此可知，他认为他的太空之旅在他们地区是鼓舞人心的，故选B。 2．Why did the UAE's president call Alneyadi his son？(　　) A．To express his humor. B．To maintain their relationship. C．To show his pride in Alneyadi. D．To thank Alneyadi's family. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据第五段的描述可知，Alneyadi自返回地球后，被誉为阿联酋的民族英雄。第六段中阿联酋总统说Alneyadi的旅程表明他们有能力为人类的科学文明进程作出积极贡献。由此可推知，阿联酋总统称Alneyadi为儿子是为了表明他为Alneyadi感到骄傲，故选C。 3．What is paragraph 7 mainly about？(　　) A．How Alneyadi struggled for his dream. B．Why Alneyadi dreamt to be an astronaut. C．Why Alneyadi became popular worldwide. D．How Alneyadi obtained his academic degrees. 解析：A　段落大意题。第七段谈到Alneyadi是信息技术专业的博士，他在阿联酋击败了数千名候选人，通过了无数的身体和心理测试，以确保他能够承受在太空中数月的身体和精神压力。然后，他为了成为一名宇航员在俄罗斯和美国接受培训。由此可知，本段主要描述了Alneyadi为实现他的太空梦所付出的努力，故选A。 4．What does Alneyadi plan to do in the future？(　　) A．Say goodbye to space. B．Become an Internet influencer. C．Work on building a new ISS. D．Continue his space exploration. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中Alneyadi写的话“Space，this is not a goodbye.I will see you later，whether on a new mission to the ISS or a farther destination.”可知，Alneyadi未来会继续进行太空探索，故选D。 B 难度：☆☆☆☆ Based on new data from the European Space Agency's Gaia mission and other space science data sets，astronomers have created an animation to model dust in the Milky Way.The work was presented this week at the National Astronomy Meeting. The animation shows the cumulative build-up of dust looking from Earth's local neighbourhood to about 13，000 light years towards the galactic centre—around 10% of the overall distance across the Milky Way.Close by，dust swirls all around but，further out，the concentration of dust along the galactic plane (银道面) becomes clear.Two “windows”，one above and one below the galactic plane，are also revealed. “Dust clouds are related to the birth and death of stars，so their distribution tells a story of how structures formed in the galaxy and how the galaxy evolves，” said Nick Cox，coordinator of the EXPLORE Project which is developing the tools.“The maps are also important for cosmologists (宇宙学家) in revealing regions where there is no dust，allowing us to have a clear，unobstructed view out of the Milky Way.This helps in studying the Universe beyond，such as to make deep field observations with Hubble or the new James Webb Space Telescope.” “State-of-the-art machine learning and visual analytics have the power to greatly enhance scientific return and discovery for space science missions，but their use is still relatively novel in the field of astronomy，” said Albert Zijlstra of the University of Manchester and the EXPLORE Project.“With a constant stream of new data，we have an increasing wealth of information to mine—way beyond the scope of what humans could process in a lifetime.We need tools like the ones we are developing for EXPLORE to support scientific discovery，such as by helping us to characterise properties within the data，or to pick out the most interesting or unusual features and structures.” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了天文学家制作动画模拟银河系中的尘埃的技术、数据对研究的作用等。 5．What can we learn about the animation from the first two paragraphs？(　　) A．It is created to replace the dust in the Milky Way. B．It shows dust in a long span of space. C.It employs space data from an individual database. D．The animation hasn't been presented. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The animation shows the cumulative build-up of dust ...towards the galactic centre”可知，该动画显示了一大片空间中的尘埃，故选B项。 6．What can we know from Nick Cox's words？(　　) A．The distribution of dust clouds helps to dig the past of the galaxy. B．Only Hubble and the new James Web Space Telescope can help explore the galaxy. C．Cosmologists use maps to find where there are many precious dust clouds. D．Dust clouds are closely related to the formation and death of various kinds of galaxies. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据题干中的Nick Cox可将答案定位在第三段。根据该段中的“Dust clouds are related to the birth and death of stars，so their distribution tells a story of how structures formed in the galaxy and how the galaxy evolves”可知，尘埃云与恒星的诞生和消亡有关，因此它们的分布讲述了星系中的结构如何形成以及星系如何演变的故事，即尘埃云的分布有助于挖掘星系的过去，故选A项。 7．What does Albert think about the EXPLORE Project？(　　) A．Fruitless.　　　 B．Controversial. C．Unrealistic. D．Challenging. 解析：D　观点态度题。根据题干中的Albert可将答案定位在最后一段。根据该段中的“With a constant stream of new data，we have an increasing wealth of information to mine—way beyond the scope of what humans could process in a lifetime.”可知，Albert认为EXPLORE项目有一定的挑战性，故选D项。 8．What can be a suitable title for this text？(　　) A．Open Invitation of the Wide Galaxy B．Thrilling Project for the European Team C．Deep Dive into the Dusty Milky Way D．Immersing Trip to the Grand Solar System 解析：C　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了天文学家制作了一个动画来模拟银河系中的尘埃以便更深入地探索布满尘埃的银河系，故选C项。 C 难度：☆☆☆☆ If you live on this planet，there's a decent chance you've seen the classic Star Trek episode，in which Captain Kirk and several members find themselves in what appears to be another universe. These days，it seems the idea of the multiverse—many worlds—is having its Hollywood moment.Its appeal as a storytelling device is obvious—characters explore a multi-world with varying degrees of similarity to our own，as well as different versions of themselves.Hence，it has been fully established in mainstream pop culture. While Hollywood can't seem to get enough of the multiverse，it remains deeply controversial (有争议的) among scientists.Advocates on the two sides show no mercy toward each other in their books and on their blogs.But physicists didn't pull the idea out of thin air—rather，several distinct lines of reasoning seem to point to the multiverse's existence.However，critics warn that making the multiverse legal could make it harder for the public to distinguish speculative (推测性的) theories from established fact，making it more difficult to keep pseudoscience (伪科学) at bay.Giving credit to such speculation risks “turning fundamental physics into pseudoscience”． The multiverse controversy is rooted in the idea of testability.If we can't interact with these other universes，or detect them in any way，some experts insist that reduces them to mere philosophical speculation.But Carroll，an advocate for “many worlds”，argues that mathematics is the language describing our physical theories.If Schrödinger's equation (方程)，on which quantum (量子) mechanics rests，predicts the existence of many worlds，so be it. Could a more expansive view of the universe itself be the next breakthrough？As Siegfried puts it，“Every time in the past that we've thought，‘We've got it；this is what the whole universe is’—the people who've said，‘Maybe there's more than one of those’ have always turned out to be right.” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕多元宇宙在好莱坞电影中的流行，探讨了多元宇宙是否存在的问题。 9．Why is Hollywood so occupied with the multiverse? (　　) A．It makes for engaging plots. B．It is a much-talked-about topic. C．It is helpful to popularize science. D．It dominates the mainstream pop culture. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Its appeal as a storytelling device is obvious ...different versions of themselves.”可知，好莱坞之所以青睐多元宇宙题材是因为其故事性强，有引人入胜的情节，故选A。 10．What do the underlined words in paragraph 3 probably mean? (　　) A．Out of date. B．Out of place. C．Out of nowhere. D．Out of question. 解析：C　词义猜测题。根据“rather，several distinct lines of reasoning seem to point to the multiverse's existence”可知，物理学家不是凭空提出这些想法的，C项与画线词的意义最为接近，故选C。 11．According to the opponents，the basic standard of fundamental physics is that ________．(　　) A．it can be detected somehow B．it can be reasoned logically C．it can be interpreted philosophically D．it can be predicted by mathematics equation 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“If we can't interact with these other universes，or detect them in any way，some experts insist that reduces them to mere philosophical speculation.”可知，反对者认为基础物理学不是建立在哲学推测上的，而是能实实在在以某种方式检测出来的，故选A。 12．What might be the author's attitude toward the multiverse？(　　) A．Doubtful. B．Dismissive. C．Unclear. D．Approving. 解析：D　观点态度题。根据最后一段中对问题“对宇宙本身更广阔的认识会是下一个突破吗？”的回答：“在过去每次我们都认为，‘我们已经了解了，整个宇宙就是如此’——那些说‘也许不止一个’的人总会被证明是正确的”可知，作者对于多元宇宙的看法是支持的、赞成的，故选D。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分) 难度：☆☆☆ Reading is an exercise for the mind.It is good for our vocabulary and literacy skills，teaching us math or science concepts and helping us learn history.Apart from those，reading has another benefit.Have you read a story and felt tears well up because of a character's suffering? If so，that is because you have empathy (共情) for the character.__1(____)__ Research shows that human brains react differently to stories and facts.__2(____)__ In addition，your brain thinks you are in the story，which means you experience the characters' thoughts as if they were real. __3(____)__ This skill，called emotional intelligence (EI)，can make it easier to communicate and connect with people.Research shows that building this intelligence can lead to greater tolerance.One study found that people who read the Harry Potter novels，which tell stories about humans fighting against the evil，were less likely to behave unfairly towards powerless groups including refugees (难民). This theory of EI has been put into practice in schools.After reading The Boy at the Back of the Class，a story about a boy who is a refugee escaping from the war，students in St Michael's High School were inspired to do a 10-mile walk for the non-profit organization—Refugee Action.__4(____)__ __5(____)__ Not only are we more likely to engage in helpful behaviors when we feel empathy for other people，but others are also more likely to help us when they experience empathy.For society to develop，communicative and empathetic individuals really matter. A．In a way，all this increases our ability to read well. B．This permits people to limit their emotions that others are feeling. C．Many more areas of your brain light up when you're enjoying a story. D．It also stimulated them to raise ￡1，000 for the homeless caused by war. E．Reading encourages us to empathize with others，which could be beneficial. F.Empathy helps you to read people's emotions and work out the best way to respond. G．It helps you see into other people's hearts and can be learned through various stories. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究表明阅读可以帮助培养同理心，这是有益的。 1．解析：G　上文“Have you read a story and felt tears well up because of a character's suffering? If so，that is because you have empathy (共情) for the character.”提到“共情”，结合选项信息可知，G选项契合语境，该句是对上文“empathy”进行的说明和解释，“it”指代“empathy”，“stories”呼应上文的“story”。故选G。 2．解析：C　根据第二段首句“Research shows that human brains react differently to stories and facts.”可知，本段主要谈论人的大脑会根据不同的故事和事实产生不同的反应；C选项也是谈论当人阅读时大脑的反应，契合语境。故选C。 3．解析：F　下文“This skill，called emotional intelligence (EI)，can make it easier to communicate and connect with people.”讲述情商这项技能能够使得与人沟通、建立联系更容易，F选项契合语境，“This skill”指代F项中的Empathy。故选F。 4．解析：D　上文“After reading The Boy at the Back of the Class，a story about a boy who is a refugee escaping from the war，students in St Michael's High School were inspired to do a 10-mile walk for the non-profit organization—Refugee Action.”进一步举例说在读了《教室后面的男孩》这本书后，圣迈克尔高中的学生的反应，D选项也是在谈论反应，契合语境。故选D。 5．解析：E　由本空所在位置可知，此处为段首句，总括全段信息，最后一段中谈论到不仅当我们对他人感同身受时，我们更有可能做出有益的行为，而且当他人感同身受时，他们也更有可能帮助我们，是在讲述共情对人有益。 故选E。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $