2025-2026学年七年级上Unit 1 Grammar in use 基本句项专项（新教材沪教版）

2025-2026学年七年级上Unit 1 Grammar in use基本句型专项 Sentence Elements句子成分 组成句子的各个部分即句子成分。句子成分包括：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等。 （subject, verb, predicative, object, complement） ①主语(S)是句子所论的主题，主要由名词、代词或起名词作用的单词、短语来充当。 1. Mother likes cooking. _______________________________ (___Mother _作主语) 2. It is fun to go hiking. __________________________________(___It__作主语) 3. Doing sports is important. = To do sports is important. ____________________________(__Doing/To do___作主语) ②谓语(V)论述主语的行为、动作或所处的状态，体现句子的时态、语态、语气等。谓语动词有人称和数的变化。 1. The plane takes off at 8:00. _____________________ (takes off 作动词) 2. They didn’t know the name of the book. ______________________________（didn’t know 作动词） 3. He is reading a new magazine. ___________________________________________(is reading 作动词) 4. The idea sounds good. _________________________________ (sounds 作动词) ③ 宾语(O)表示动作、行为的对象，可用在及物动词(vt.)和不及物动词(vi.)+介词之后。直接宾语(direct object)表示动作的承受者或结果， 一般指物。间接宾语(indirect object)表示动作是对谁做的， 一般指人。名词(短语)、代词、数词、不定式、动名词形式、从句等都可以作宾语。 1. He read a book. ______________________________(___a book__宾语) 2. He looked for a book. ______________________________(__a book____宾语) 3. He gave me a book yesterday. ______________________________ (_____me___间接宾语 ___a book___直接宾语) 4. The idea brought them much money. __________________________ (___them__间接宾语 ___money___直接宾语) ④ 表语(P)常位于系动词之后, 用于描述主语身份、性质、特征或状态的词语或句子，与前面的系动词一起构成复合谓语，用来说明主语,属于主语补足语 1. I felt tired after the sports meeting. ____________________(___tired____作表语) 2. He is a student from New Star Middle school. ____________________(___a student__作表语) ⑤宾语补足语用来补充说明宾语，与宾语一起构成复合宾 语。可作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、副词、不定式和介词短语等。 1. We must keep the classroom clean. ______________________(___clean__作宾补) 2. What makes him sad? _________________________________(____sad____作宾补) 3. He asked me to come back soon. ________________________(___to come back____作宾补) 4. I saw them getting on the bus. __________________________(___getting on the bus____作宾补) ⑥定语（attributive）是用来描述名词或代词的修饰语，它常和名词一起构成名词短语，定语有前置定语和后置定语。1. I like hardworking students. ________________________(hardworking 作定语) 2. The boy in red T-shirt is hardworking. ________________________________(in red T-shirt 作定语) ⑦ 状语用（adverbial）来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。地点，时间，原因状语 1. I looked everywhere for you. _________________________(__everywhere ______状语) 2. He was born on the fifth of July, 2020 in Shanghai. _________________________(on the fifth of July, 2020 in Shanghai________ 状语) Basic sentence patterns基本句型 ① S+V (主语+不及物动词)这种句式是英语中最简单的句式，句中的动词大多为不及物动词。 My book sells well. 我的书销路很好。 主语 不及物动词 ② S+V+O (主语+及物动词+宾语)谓语是及物动词时，不能表达完整的意思，必须跟一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。1. She accepted my idea.她接受了我的意见2. I don't know what to do.我不知道做什么。 主语 及物动词 宾语 主语 及物动词 宾语 ③ S+V+P (主语+系动词+表语)谓语是系动词时，不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个表示主语的特征、身份、状态的表语。The food smells sweet. 食物闻起来很香甜。 主语 系动词 表语 ④S+V+IO+DO (主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语)有些及物动词常带两个宾语：直接宾语和间接宾语。 1. He passed me a book. 他递给我一本书。 主语 及物动词 间接宾语 直接宾语 2. He told me where to buy the ticket. 他告诉我去哪里买票。 主语 及物动词 间接宾语 直接宾语 ⑤S+V+O+C(主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语) 有些及物动词只带宾语句子意义还不完整，它要求带一 个补足语来进一步说明宾语的情况，从而使句子意思完整明确。1. He made the boy laugh. 他把那个男孩逗笑了。 主语 及物动词 宾语 宾语补足语 2. I can hear someone playing the violin next door我能听见有人正在隔壁拉小提琴。 主语 及物动词 宾语 宾语补足语 请写出下列句子的属于上面五种基本句型中的哪一种，用缩写表明： 1. He was born in 2012. _____SVP__ 2. Who knows the answer? ____SVO____ 3. He asked me to come back soon. ____SVOC_____ 4. We like running. _____SVO__________ 5. I showed him my pictures. ___SVOO______ 6. They painted the door green.___SVOC____ 7. I want to have a cup of tea. ____SVO_______ 8. I saw them getting on the bus. ___SVOC_____ 9. Your idea sounds great. ____SVP______ 10. His works made us cry. ____SVOC____ 11. She laugh at her. ____SVO__________ 12. He brought you a dictionary.___SVOO_____ 13. She cooked her husband a delicious meal. ___SVOO_ 14. They felt angry. _______SVP________ 15. They found the house dirty.____SVOC______ 16. He is a five-year-old boy. ____SVP____ 17. I told me how to run the machine. ___SVOO___ 18. The tea tastes good. ___SVP_______ ( )18．Which of the following has the same structure (结构) as “Eddie gives Hobo some ice cream.”? A．Jim loves hamburgers. B．Daniel always feels hungry. C．I lend Tom three books. D．Dad often watches me study. ( )19．— Do you know the sentence structure of “I’m getting hungry”?— Yes, it is ________. A．S+V+O+C B．S+V+P C．S+V+O+O D．S+V+O ( )20．“The children are playing happily in the classroom.” The sentence structure is ________. A．S + V B．S + V + P C．S + V + O + O D．S + V + O + C ( )21．The sentence pattern of “We make our classroom clean.” is ____________. A．S+V+O+O B．S+V+O C．S+V+O+C D．S+V+P ( )22．The sentence structure of “She offers me some help.” is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+O+O C．S+V+O+C D．S+V+P ( )23．What is the sentence pattern of the sentence “His father bought him an e-dictionary.”? A．S+V+O B．S+V+O+O C．S+V D．S+V+O+C ( )24. Which of the following sentences has the structure of :S+V+IO+DO? A．Autumn leaves turn brown. B．Sandy’s mum gave her a new computer. C．I found him very interesting. D．Tommy does his homework every day. ( ) 25.Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “He asked me how to run the machine.”? A．I want to have a cup of tea. B．We like rock climbing very much. C. He asked me to come back soon． D．I told the children an interesting story. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年七年级上Unit 1 Grammar in use基本句型专项 Sentence Elements句子成分 组成句子的各个部分即句子成分。句子成分包括：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等。 （subject, verb, predicative, object, complement） ①主语(S)是句子所论的主题，主要由名词、代词或起名词作用的单词、短语来充当。 1. Mother likes cooking. _______________________________ (__________作主语) 2. It is fun to go hiking. __________________________________(__________作主语) 3. Doing sports is important. = To do sports is important. __________________________________(__________作主语) ②谓语(V)论述主语的行为、动作或所处的状态，体现句子的时态、语态、语气等。谓语动词有人称和数的变化。 1. The plane takes off at 8:00. ______________________________ 2. They didn’t know the name of the book. ______________________________ 3. He is reading a new magazine. ___________________________________________ 4. The idea sounds good. _________________________________ ③ 宾语(O)表示动作、行为的对象，可用在及物动词(vt.)和不及物动词(vi.)+介词之后。直接宾语(direct object)表示动作的承受者或结果， 一般指物。间接宾语(indirect object)表示动作是对谁做的， 一般指人。名词(短语)、代词、数词、不定式、动名词形式、从句等都可以作宾语。 1. He read a book. ______________________________(___________宾语) 2. He looked for a book. ______________________________(___________宾语) 3. He gave me a book yesterday. ______________________________ (___________间接宾语 ___________直接宾语) 4. The idea brought them much money. __________________________ (___________间接宾语 ___________直接宾语) ④ 表语(P)常位于系动词之后, 用于描述主语身份、性质、特征或状态的词语或句子，与前面的系动词一起构成复合谓语，用来说明主语,属于主语补足语 1. I felt tired after the sports meeting. ____________________(____________作表语) 2. He is a student from New Star Middle school. ____________________(____________作表语) ⑤宾语补足语用来补充说明宾语，与宾语一起构成复合宾 语。可作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、副词、不定式和介词短语等。 1. We must keep the classroom clean. ______________________(____________作宾补) 2. What makes him sad? _________________________________(____________作宾补) 3. He asked me to come back soon. ________________________(____________作宾补) 4. I saw them getting on the bus. __________________________(____________作宾补) ⑥定语（attributive）是用来描述名词或代词的修饰语，它常和名词一起构成名词短语，定语有前置定语和后置定语。1. I like hardworking students. ________________________ 2. The boy in red T-shirt is hardworking. ________________________________ ⑦ 状语用（adverbial）来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。地点，时间，原因状语 1. I looked everywhere for you. _________________________(________________状语) 2. He was born on the fifth of July, 2020 in Shanghai. _________________________________ 状语 Basic sentence patterns基本句型 ① S+V (主语+不及物动词)这种句式是英语中最简单的句式，句中的动词大多为不及物动词。 My book sells well. 我的书销路很好。 主语 不及物动词 ② S+V+O (主语+及物动词+宾语)谓语是及物动词时，不能表达完整的意思，必须跟一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。1. She accepted my idea.她接受了我的意见2. I don't know what to do.我不知道做什么。 主语 及物动词 宾语 主语 及物动词 宾语 ③ S+V+P (主语+系动词+表语)谓语是系动词时，不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个表示主语的特征、身份、状态的表语。The food smells sweet. 食物闻起来很香甜。 主语 系动词 表语 ④S+V+IO+DO (主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语)有些及物动词常带两个宾语：直接宾语和间接宾语。 1. He passed me a book. 他递给我一本书。 主语 及物动词 间接宾语 直接宾语 2. He told me where to buy the ticket. 他告诉我去哪里买票。 主语 及物动词 间接宾语 直接宾语 ⑤S+V+O+C(主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语) 有些及物动词只带宾语句子意义还不完整，它要求带一 个补足语来进一步说明宾语的情况，从而使句子意思完整明确。1. He made the boy laugh. 他把那个男孩逗笑了。 主语 及物动词 宾语 宾语补足语 2. I can hear someone playing the violin next door我能听见有人正在隔壁拉小提琴。 主语 及物动词 宾语 宾语补足语 请写出下列句子的属于上面五种基本句型中的哪一种，用缩写表明： 1. He was born in 2012. ____________________ 2. Who knows the answer? __________________ 3. He asked me to come back soon. ________________ 4. We like running. ________________________ 5. I showed him my pictures. ___________________ 6. They painted the door green.________________ 7. I want to have a cup of tea. ____________________ 8. I saw them getting on the bus. _______________ 9. Your idea sounds great. __________________ 10. His works made us cry. ___________________ 11. She laugh at her. __________________________ 12. He brought you a dictionary.________________ 13. She cooked her husband a delicious meal. __________ 14. They felt angry. ______________________ 15. They found the house dirty.______________________ 16. He is a five-year-old boy. ______________ 17. I told me how to run the machine. ________________ 18. The tea tastes good. __________________ ( )18．Which of the following has the same structure (结构) as “Eddie gives Hobo some ice cream.”? A．Jim loves hamburgers. B．Daniel always feels hungry. C．I lend Tom three books. D．Dad often watches me study. ( )19．— Do you know the sentence structure of “I’m getting hungry”?— Yes, it is ________. A．S+V+O+C B．S+V+P C．S+V+O+O D．S+V+O ( )20．“The children are playing happily in the classroom.” The sentence structure is ________. A．S + V B．S + V + P C．S + V + O + O D．S + V + O + C ( )21．The sentence pattern of “We make our classroom clean.” is ____________. A．S+V+O+O B．S+V+O C．S+V+O+C D．S+V+P ( )22．The sentence structure of “She offers me some help.” is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+O+O C．S+V+O+C D．S+V+P ( )23．What is the sentence pattern of the sentence “His father bought him an e-dictionary.”? A．S+V+O B．S+V+O+O C．S+V D．S+V+O+C ( )24. Which of the following sentences has the structure of :S+V+IO+DO? A．Autumn leaves turn brown. B．Sandy’s mum gave her a new computer. C．I found him very interesting. D．Tommy does his homework every day. ( ) 25.Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “He asked me how to run the machine.”? A．I want to have a cup of tea. B．We like rock climbing very much. C. He asked me to come back soon． D．I told the children an interesting story. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $