2025年中考英语重难点语法【主谓一致】考点提炼&专项练习

该初中英语中考复习资料聚焦主谓一致核心考点，系统梳理语法一致、意义一致、就近一致三大原则及特例，通过“考点提炼-方法指导-分层训练”教学环节，帮助学生突破规则辨析难点，体现复习的系统性和针对性。 亮点在于“规则-特例-应用”三阶提炼与分层练习设计，如通过“the singer and dancer”同一人辨析训练思维品质，设置基础达标到拓展培优三级练习，配合详细解析保障复习效果。有效提升学生语言能力和应考效率，教师可据此精准把控复习节奏，实现高效备考。

中考重难点语法【主谓一致】考点提炼&专项练习 一、考点提炼 (核心原则) 主谓一致，简而言之，就是句子的谓语动词必须和它的主语在人称（一、二、三人称）和数（单数、复数）上保持一致。中考主要考查以下三大原则： 原则一：语法一致原则 即根据主语的语法形式（单复数）来决定谓语动词的形式。 1. 单数主语 + 单数动词；复数主语 + 复数动词。 He likes English. （他喜欢英语。） They like English. （他们喜欢英语。） 2. “单数主语 + with/along with/together with/like/except/but/as well as/including…”等结构，谓语动词与第一个主语（即真正的主语）保持一致。 The teacher together with his students is reading. （老师和他的学生们正在阅读。） Nobody except two boys was late. （除了两个男孩，没人迟到。） 由 and 或 both...and... 连接的并列主语，通常表示复数概念，用复数动词。 Both he and I are right. （他和我都是对的。） Reading and writing are very important. （读和写非常重要。） 【特例】：当 and 连接的两个词指同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时，谓语用单数。 The writer and teacher is very popular. （那位作家兼老师很受欢迎。）（一个人） Bread and butter is my breakfast. （面包涂黄油是我的早餐。）（一个整体概念） 3. 由 or, either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also... 连接的并列主语，遵循 “就近原则” ，即谓语动词与最靠近它的主语保持一致。 Either you or he is to go. （要么你要么他得去。） Neither I nor she has been to Beijing. （我和她都没去过北京。） Not only the students but also the teacher was excited. （不仅学生，老师也很兴奋。） 原则二：意义一致原则 即根据主语的实际意义（而非表面形式）来决定谓语动词的单复数。 1. 集体名词 (如 family, team, class, group, government 等) 作主语时： 如果强调整体，谓语用单数。 His family is a big one. （他的家庭是个大家庭。）（家庭作为一个整体） 如果强调其中的各个成员，谓语用复数。 His family are all music lovers. （他的家人都热爱音乐。）（指家庭成员们） “the + 形容词” 表示一类人时，谓语用复数；表示抽象概念时，用单数。 The rich are not always happy. （富人并不总是快乐的。）（指一类人） The beautiful gives pleasure to all. （美给所有人带来愉悦。）（指“美”这个抽象概念） 2. 表示时间、距离、金额、重量等复数名词作主语时，通常被看作一个整体，谓语用单数。 Ten years is a long time. （十年是很长的时间。） One hundred dollars is enough. （一百美元足够了。） 3. 以 -s 结尾的学科名、疾病名、游戏名等（如 physics, politics, news, maths），形式是复数，但意义是单数，谓语用单数。 Physics is difficult for me. （物理对我来说很难。） No news is good news. （没有消息就是好消息。） 原则三：就近一致原则 谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语。这条原则主要适用于以下连词连接的主语： or （或者） either...or... （要么…要么…） neither...nor... （既不…也不…） not only...but also... （不仅…而且…） Not only the students but also the teacher enjoys the movie. Is either he or you responsible for this? 中考英语【主谓一致】专项练习 第一部分：基础达标 (巩固概念) 一、单项选择 1. Both Lily and Lucy ______ from China. A. is B. are C. am D. be 2. Nobody ______ how to solve the problem. A. know B. knows C. knowing D. is known 3. There ______ some milk and two apples in the fridge. A. is B. are C. have D. has 4. The old ______ well looked after in our country. A. is B. are C. was D. has 5. Ten thousand dollars ______ a lot of money. A. is B. are C. have D. has 6. Not only my father but also I ______ interested in this movie. A. am B. is C. are D. were 7. The singer and dancer ______ on the stage now. A. are performing B. is performing C. were performing D. have performed 8. A pair of glasses ______ on the desk. A. is B. are C. have D. has 9. The boy with his parents ______ going to visit the museum tomorrow. A. is B. are C. were D. have 10. Physics ______ my favorite subject when I was in middle school. A. is B. are C. was D. were 第二部分：能力提升 (辨析应用) 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. The number of foreign visitors ________ (be) increasing these years. 2. A number of students ________ (be) playing basketball now. 3. Neither of the answers ________ (be) correct. 4. Either you or he ________ (have) to clean the classroom. 5. Every boy and every girl ________ (wish) to attend the party. 6. The family ________ (be) sitting at the breakfast table. 7. His family ________ (be) very large. 8. Three months ________ (have) passed since he left. 9. The police ________ (be) trying to catch the thief. 10. Reading books ________ (make) us wise. 三、改错题（每句有一处错误，找出并改正） 1. Either your shoes or my coat are always on the floor. 2. Each of the players have a chance to win. 3. The mother together with her children are going to the park. 4. Here is some paper and envelopes for you. 5. Many a student have made that mistake. 第三部分：拓展培优 (综合挑战) 四、综合填空（在空白处填入一个适当的单词或所给词的正确形式） A How time flies! Three years (1) ________ (be) a long time, but it also seems like a short moment. Everyone in our class (2) ________ (study) hard for the coming high school entrance exam. Not only our head teacher but also all the subject teachers (3) ________ (be) doing their best to help us. The number of our mock tests (4) ________ (increase). However, a number of students (5) ________ (feel) more confident now. We believe that all our efforts (6) ________ (pay) off. B The news (1) ________ (be) exciting! Our school basketball team (2) ________ (have) won the first prize. The team (3) ________ (be) having a rest now. The coach, as well as his players, (4) ________ (be) very tired but happy. Either my sister or I (5) ________ (be) going to interview them tomorrow. Five hours (6) ________ (be) not enough for them to celebrate! 五、语法填空 The United States (1) ________ (be) a large country. Reading novels and (2) ________ (watch) movies (3) ________ (be) my hobbies. Nobody except my brothers (4) ________ (know) my secret. Twenty percent of the water (5) ________ (be) polluted. The poor (6) ________ (need) more help. Many people think politics (7) ________ (be) complicated. Here (8) ________ (come) the bus! Tom, rather than his classmates, (9) ________ (be) responsible for it. Not you but I (10) ________ (be) to blame. 参考答案与解析 第一部分：基础达标 1. B (both...and... 连接主语，谓语用复数) 2. B (Nobody, 不定代词，单数) 3. A (There be 就近原则，靠近的是不可数名词 milk) 4. B (the old 指老年人，一类人，复数) 5. A (金额作整体，单数) 6. A (not only...but also... 就近原则，靠近的是 I，用 am) 7. B (The singer and dancer 指一个人“歌手兼舞者”，单数) 8. A (A pair of... 作主语，谓语与 pair 一致，单数) 9. A (主语是 The boy，with... 是修饰语，谓语与 boy 一致，单数) 10. C (Physics 学科名，单数；且时间状语是过去时) 第二部分：能力提升 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. is (The number of... 作主语，单数) 2. are (A number of... 许多，主语是 students，复数) 3. is (Neither of... 两者中没有一个，单数概念) 4. has (Either...or... 就近原则，靠近的是 he，单数) 5. wishes (Every...and every... 强调每一个，谓语用单数) 6. are (此处 family 强调家庭成员，复数) 7. is (此处 family 强调整体家庭，单数) 8. has (一段时间作整体，单数) 9. are (Police 警方人员，复数) 10. makes (动名词短语作主语，单数) 三、改错题 1. are → is (Either...or... 就近原则，靠近的是 my coat，单数) 2. have → has (Each of... 作主语，单数) 3. are → is (主语是 The mother，together with... 是修饰语) 4. is → are (There/Here be 句型就近原则，靠近的是复数名词 envelopes) 5. have → has (“Many a + 单数名词” 作主语，形式上单数，意义复数，但谓语用单数) 第三部分：拓展培优 四、综合填空 A 1. is (三年时间作为一个整体) 2. is studying (Everyone 不定代词，单数) 3. are (Not only...but also... 就近原则，靠近的是 teachers，复数) 4. has increased (The number of... 作主语，单数) 5. feel (A number of... 许多，主语是 students，复数) 6. will pay (主语 efforts 是复数) B 1. is (News 消息，单数) 2. has (Team 作为整体，单数) 3. is (同上) 4. is (主语是 The coach，as well as... 是修饰语) 5. am (Either...or... 就近原则，靠近的是 I) 6. is (五小时时间作为整体) 五、语法填空 1. is (国名，单数) 2. watching (and 连接平行结构) 3. are (两个动名词短语用 and 连接，表示复数概念) 4. knows (主语是 Nobody，except... 是修饰语) 5. is (百分数修饰不可数名词，谓语与不可数名词一致，单数) 6.need (the poor 穷人，一类人，复数) 7. is (Politics 学科，单数) 8. comes (Here comes... 倒装句，主语是 the bus，单数) 9. is (主语是 Tom，rather than... 是修饰语) 10. am (Not...but... 连接主语，遵循“意义一致”，谓语与 but 后的 I 一致) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $