小升初复习 名词(讲义)-2025-2026学年译林版(三起)(2012)英语六年级下册

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名词(Noun) 一.导入 Game: What can you see in our classroom? 二.新授 1. 概念 名词是表示 、 、 、行为和 概念的词。 2. 分类 1) 专有名词 专有名词是表示 、 、 等特有的名词,它的第一个字母要大写。 E.g. · 人名:Tom,Alice,Mr. Yang · 地名:Europe,New York,People’s Square · 节日、月份、星期:Christmas,February,Saturday · 专有名词首字母小写的情况: 1. Rose 罗斯(姓名)——rose玫瑰花 2. China 中国——china 陶瓷 可数名词 个体名词 集体名词 e.g. room, dog, sister e.g. family, army 2)普通名词 不可数名词 物质名词 抽象名词 e.g. juice, meat, wood e.g. fun, love 3. 可数名词与不可数名词 可数名词表示 的人或事物; 不可数名词表示 的人或事物 【练习】选一选,填一填 photo Peter tea cheese pork hair jam bottle ice Tom air worker Europe Christmas potato Saturday 可数名词: 不可数名词: 专有名词: 4. 可数名词复数的构成 名词复数形式的构成 规则变化 (1)一般可数名词直接在词尾+s: → → book → bird → (2) 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的可数名词,在词尾+ es: → → fox → brush → (3) 以o结尾的可数名词,一般情况下,是在有生命的名词词尾后+es,无生命的名词词尾后+s。但也有特殊情况,如kangaroo → potato → zoo → (4) 以f或fe结尾的可数名词,词尾的f或fe变v+es: → → half → knife → (5)以“元音字母+y” 结尾的可数名词,在词尾+s: → → day → boy → 以“辅音字母+y” 结尾的可数名词,词尾的y变i+es: → city → baby → 不规则变化:1.元音变化 woman-women; tooth- 2.词尾变化 child- ; ox-oxen 3.单复数同形 fish-fish; sheep- 4.只有复数的名词 scissors; trousers 1.元音变化 woman-women; tooth- 2.词尾变化 child- ; ox-oxen 3.单复数同形 fish-fish; sheep- 4.只有复数的名词 scissors; trousers 【练习】写出下列名词的复数形式 1.house______ 2. man _____ 3.orange_______ 4.teacher____ 5.family_______ 6. child _____ 7. country _____ 8. match ______ 9. class ______ 10.tomato______ 11. wife _____ 12. goose ______ 13. foot _______ 14.toy_____ 15. bus _____ 16.photo ______ 17.box _____ 18. Chinese _____ 5. 名词的所有格 名词所有格表示 ,意为“ ”。 名词所有格地形式 1.单数名词后面加’s 2.以s结尾地复数名词后面加‘s 3.A名词+of+B名词 注意:在大多数情况下,有生命的事物的所有格,在名词后面加’s; 无生命的事物的所有格,构成则为“名词A+of+名词B”。 E.g. 1) the windows of the room 2) his friends’ bags 3) Andy’s cap is very beautiful. 4) Mary doesn’t know the ending of the story. 【练习】 在横线上填上适当地词 One _____(一天), a monkey rides his ____(自行车) near the river. This time he sees a _____(狮子) under a tree. The lion runs at him. He is afraid and falls into the _____. The _____(兔子) hears him. He jumps into the river and swims to the_____, but he can’t help him. Luckily, an elephant comes along. He is very strong. He helps the rabbit and monkey. They go to the_____(大象的) home. Three of them become very good_______. 【练习】选择题 ( ) 1. ______ room is on the 5th floor. A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and Lily’s C. Lucy’s and Lily D. Lucy’s and Lily’s ( ) 2.There are a lot of ____ down there but hardly any(几乎没有) ____ . A.sheeps; people B.sheep; people  C.sheeps; peoples  D.sheep; peoples ( ) 3.The old woman feeds four ____ . A.piggs B.piges C.pigs D.pig ( ) 4.There are seven ____ in a week. A.dayes B.days C.daies D.day ( ) 5.Grade Three is divided into(分成) seven ____ in our school. A.class B.classes C.class's D.class' ( ) 6.How many ____ are there in the room? A.boxes B.box C.boxs D.boxxes ( ) 7.There ____ all kinds of ____ in this shop. A.are; watches B.be; watches  C.is; watch's D.are; watchs ( ) 8.I usually go to the ____ to borrow some books. A.shop B.cinema  C.hospital D.library 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 名词(Noun) 一.导入 Game: What can you see in our classroom? 二.新授 1. 概念 名词是表示 人 、 物 、 地点、行为和 抽象概念的词。 2. 分类 1) 专有名词 专有名词是表示人名、地名或某类人或事物等特有的名词,它的第一个字母要大写。 E.g. · 人名:Tom,Alice,Mr. Yang · 地名:Europe,New York,People’s Square · 节日、月份、星期:Christmas,February,Saturday · 专有名词首字母小写的情况: 1. Rose 罗斯(姓名)——rose玫瑰花 2. China 中国——china 陶瓷 可数名词 个体名词 集体名词 e.g. room, dog, sister e.g. family, army 2)普通名词 不可数名词 物质名词 抽象名词 e.g. juice, meat, wood e.g. fun, love 3. 可数名词与不可数名词 可数名词表示 可以计算数目 的人或事物; 不可数名词表示 不可以计算数目 的人或事物。 【练习】选一选,填一填 photo Peter tea cheese pork hair jam bottle ice Tom air worker Europe Christmas potato Saturday 可数名词: photo, worker, potato 不可数名词: tea, cheese, pork, hair, jam, ice, air 专有名词: Saturday, Peter, Tom 4. 可数名词复数的构成规则变化 名词复数形式的构成 不规则变化 规则变化 (1)一般可数名词直接在词尾+s: → → book → books bird → birds (2) 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的可数名词,在词尾+ es: → → fox → foxes brush → brushes (3) 以o结尾的可数名词,一般情况下,是在有生命的名词词尾后+es,无生命的名词词尾后+s。但也有特殊情况,如kangaroo → potato → potatoes zoo → zoos (4) 以f或fe结尾的可数名词,词尾的f或fe变v+es: → → half → halves knife → knives (5)以“元音字母+y” 结尾的可数名词,在词尾+s: → → day → days boy → boys 以“辅音字母+y” 结尾的可数名词,词尾的y变i+es: → city → cities baby → babies 不规则变化:1.元音变化 woman-women; tooth- 2.词尾变化 child- ; ox-oxen 3.单复数同形 fish-fish; sheep- 4.只有复数的名词 scissors; trousers 1.元音变化 woman-women; tooth-teeth 2.词尾变化 child-children; ox-oxen 3.单复数同形 fish-fish; sheep- sheep 4.只有复数的名词 scissors; trousers 【练习】写出下列名词的复数形式 1.house houses 2. man men 3.orange oranges 4.teacher teachers 5.family families 6. child children 7. country countries 8. match matches 9. class classes 10.tomato tomatoes 11. wife wives 12. goose geese 13. foot feet 14.toy toys 15. bus buses 16.photo photos 17.box boxes 18. Chinese Chinese 5. 名词的所有格 名词所有格表示所有关系,意为“……的” 名词所有格地形式 1.单数名词后面加’s 2.以s结尾地复数名词后面加‘s 3.A名词+of+B名词 注意:在大多数情况下,有生命的事物的所有格,在名词后面加’s; 无生命的事物的所有格,构成则为“名词A+of+名词B”。 E.g. 1) the windows of the room 2) his friends’ bags 3) Andy’s cap is very beautiful. 4) Mary doesn’t know the ending of the story. 【练习】 在横线上填上适当地词 One day(一天), a monkey rides his bicycle(自行车) near the river. This time he sees a lion(狮子) under a tree. The lion runs at him. He is afraid and falls into the river. The rabbit(兔子) hears him. He jumps into the river and swims to the rabbit, but he can’t help him. Luckily, an elephant comes along. He is very strong. He helps the rabbit and the monkey. They go to the elephant’s(大象的) home. Three of them become very good friends. 【练习】选择题 1. __B__ room is on the 5th floor. A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and Lily’s C. Lucy’s and Lily D. Lucy’s and Lily’s 2.There are a lot of _B_ down there but hardly any ____ . A.sheeps; people B.sheep; people  C.sheeps; peoples  D.sheep; peoples 3.The old woman feeds four _C__ . A.piggs B.piges C.pigs D.pig 4.There are seven _B_ in a week. A.dayes B.days C.daies D.day 5.Grade Three is divided into seven _B_ in our school. A.class B.classes C.class's D.class' 6.How many _A_ are there in the room? A.boxes B.box C.boxs D.boxxes 7.There _A_ all kinds of ____ in this shop. A.are; watches B.be; watches  C.is; watch's D.are; watchs 8.I usually go to a _D_ to borrow some books. A.shop B.cinema  C.hospital D.library 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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