2026年中考英语基础知识梳理：现在进行时

2026中考英语基础知识梳理：现在进行时 一、概念 现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作，或现阶段正在进行的动作，或有迹象表明在进行。特征词：now, look, listen 等。 二、构成 • 特点：主语 + be (am/is/ are) + 动词 - ing 形式 • 【口诀】 现在进行时真有趣，主语和 be 要统一。 -ing 形式跟着走，句中 now 表现在。 直译成 “正在” 很好记，be 动词要随主语变。 肯定句通常一般疑问句，把 be 动词提到主语前。 特殊疑问词 “疑问词 + 一般疑问句” 构成。 三、现在分词（-ing）的变化规则 变化规则 多数动词词尾加 - ing watch → watching, wash → washing 以不发音的 e 结尾的动词，去掉 e 再加 - ing make → making, write → writing 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写尾字母再加 - ing swim → swimming, sit → sitting 以 ie 结尾的动词，变 ie 为 y 再加 - ing lie → lying, die → dying 四、用法 （一）表示 1. 表示说话人强调现在正在进行的动作，常和 now, at the moment, look, listen 等时间状语或提示语连用。 例：They are playing computer games right now. Bruce is studying for the test at this time. Look! Someone is dancing over there. It's raining heavily outside. 2. 表示当前一段时间内持续的动作，这期间动作不一定在进行，常和 these days, this week, all this year 等时间状语连用。 例：Alice is preparing for the final exam these days. Mike is writing a movie review this week. 3. 表示按计划或安排，在近期将要发生的动作，常用于表示 “移动” 的动词，如 come, go, fly, leave, have, play, start, return 等。 例：Xiao Xue is flying to Japan tomorrow. They are going shopping. 4. 表示现阶段经常反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，常和 always, usually, forever 等副词连用，带有称赞、责备、不满、抱怨、厌恶等感情色彩。 例：Chris is always helping his parents in the kitchen. Adam is constantly complaining about the outdoor activity. They're forever arguing about something. 5. 表示人或事物现在的状态或动作，适用于 go, come, become, turn, run, begin, find 等动态或过渡性动词，表示一种趋势或正在发生的变化。 例：The day is becoming darker. The city is getting green. 五、注意 （一）表示心理活动的动词一般不用于现在进行时，如：agree, hope, believe, suppose, understand, regret, hear, seem, remember, need, love, like, prefer 等。 例：She believes hard work will make her successful. He prefers watching football to playing it. （二）表示感觉或感官的动词也不常用于现在进行时，如：see, have, belong to, own, possess, consist of 等。 例：The laptop belongs to Rachel. This chemical consists of three elements. （三）感官动词作系动词时，常用于现在进行时，强调 “渐变” 的过程。 例：The bread smells good. 练习一 写出下列动词的 - ing 形式。 leave - ________ sit - ________ study - ________ begin - ________ tie - ________ 练习二 1. — John, what's your elder sister doing? — She ________ Beijing Opera in the club. A. learns B. learned C. is learning D. was learning 2. Which of the following is wrong according to the picture? A. They are reading books. B. They are doing some cleaning. C. They are doing their homework. D. They are playing games. 3. Tom ________ the dog at the moment. A. walks B. walked C. has walked D. is walking 4. Listen! The birds ________ in the tree now. A. sing B. sang C. are singing D. were singing 5. Look! The students ________ an art class in the park. A. have B. had C. were having D. are having 6. — Where is Helen? — The notice says Maybe she ________ her test now. A. had B. was having C. has D. will have 练习一答案 leave - leaving sit - sitting study - studying begin - beginning tie - tying 练习二答案 1. C 解析：问句用现在进行时（what's...doing），答语需用 “is + 动词 - ing” 结构，故选 C。 2. B 解析：图片显示孩子在读书，B 选项 “正在打扫卫生” 与图片内容不符，故选 B。 3. D 解析：“at the moment” 是现在进行时标志，结构为 “is + 动词 - ing”，故选 D。 4. C 解析：“Listen!” 是现在进行时标志，结构为 “are + 动词 - ing”，故选 C。 5. D 解析：“Look!” 是现在进行时标志，结构为 “are + 动词 - ing”，故选 D。 6. B 解析：“now” 是现在进行时标志，理论上结构为 “is + 动词 - ing”；选项中 “was having” 为过去进行时，若结合题意选 “进行时” 形式，选最接近的 B 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $