2026年中考英语基础知识梳理：一般现在时

2026中考英语基础知识梳理：一般现在时 2026中考英语基础知识梳理：一般现在时 一、知识梳理 • 基本含义：表示现在经常发生的动作；存在的状态；客观事实、自然现象等。 • 基础结构：主 + 谓 + 其他 • 谓语形式： ◦ be 动词：am, is, are（常和表示人的身份、状态的词连用） ◦ 实义动词：原形（除第三人称单数外），第三人称单数形式（主语是第三人称单数时） • 常见的时间副词： often, usually, sometimes, always, every day/week/month/year, in the morning/afternoon/evening, at night, once a Sunday, every day/week, once a month 等。 二、一般现在时的具体用法 表示经常发生的习惯性的动作，也可以表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力，还可以表示客观事实和普遍真理。常与 every day, always, usually 等时间副词连用。 （一）表示经常发生的习惯性的动作 常与表示频率的时间副词连用。 例：I usually get up at 6 a.m. I always go fishing with my dad. I always go to school on foot. （二）表示现在的状态、现在的情况等。 例：My plan is quite new. I'm 15 years old now. He is not a kid any more. （三）表示客观真理、科学真理、自然现象等客观事实 例：Oil does not mix with water. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. The earth goes around the sun. 三、一般现在时的句型转换 一般现在时的句子在变为否定句或疑问句时，要根据句中有没有 be 动词或情态动词，又有实义动词的情况，做相应变化。一般疑问句句首用疑问词。 （一）含有 be 动词的一般现在时 1. 肯定句：主语 + am/is/ are + ... 2. 否定句：主语 + am/is/ are + not + ... 3. 一般疑问句：Am/ Is/ Are + 主语 + ...? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + am/is/ are. 否定回答：No, 主语 + am/is/ are + not. 4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + am/is/ are + 主语 + ...? 例： 肯定句：Tom is my neighbor. 一般疑问句：Is Tom your neighbor? 肯定回答：Yes, he is. / No, he isn't. 特殊疑问句：Who is your neighbor? （二）含有实义动词的一般现在时 1. 肯定句：主语（除第三人称单数外） + 动词原形 + ...；主语（第三人称单数） + 动词的第三人称单数形式 + ... 2. 否定句：主语 + don't/doesn't + 动词原形 + ... 3. 一般疑问句：Do/ Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + ...? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + do/does. 否定回答：No, 主语 + don't/doesn't. 4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + do/does + 主语 + 动词原形 + ...? 例： 肯定句：Amy often goes to school by bus. 否定句：Amy often doesn't go to school by bus. 一般疑问句：Does Amy often go to school by bus? 肯定回答：Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 特殊疑问句：How does Amy go to school? By bus. 练习题 将下列句子改为否定句或疑问句） 1. Mrs Black likes cooking.____________________________ 2. He often has dinner at home.（改为否定句） He ________________________ at home. 3. Tommy and Linda are in Class One.（改为一般疑问句） ________ Tommy and Linda in Class One? 4. — Yes, ________. 5. At 8 in the evening, she watches TV with her parents.（改为否定句） She ________________________ watch TV with her parents in the evening. 6. When ______ they usually ______ (do) their homework? 7. How many hours ______ your little brother ______ (have) on Monday? 8. — ______ Alice ______ (have) dance classes every afternoon? — No, she ______. She ______ five. 四、动词第三人称单数形式的变化规则 当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。一般情况下，在动词原形后加 - s 或 - es。 • （一）多数在动词后直接加 - s。 如：jump—jumps, like—likes • （二）以字母 s, x, sh, ch, o 结尾的动词，在词尾加 - es。 如：miss—misses, fix—fixes, wash—washes, watch—watches, go—goes • （三）以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾的动词，先变 y 为 i，再加 - es。 如：try—tries, hurry—hurries, carry—carries, study—studies, cry—cries • （四）不规则变化：have—has; be—is 练习三 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. He usually ______ (watch) TV after dinner. 2. Every morning, she ______ (sit) on the bench. 3. The cat ______ (eat) the meat. 4. I ______ (read) English every morning and ______ (teach) her a flower. 5. You ______ (be) my best friend. 6. He ______ (play) the guitar in his free time. 7. I ______ (have) physics class at 9 am. 答案： 练习题答案 1. 否定句：Mrs Black doesn't like cooking. 一般疑问句：Does Mrs Black like cooking? 2. He doesn't often have dinner at home. 3. Are Tommy and Linda in Class One? 肯定回答：Yes, they are. 4. She doesn't watch TV with her parents in the evening. 填空答案 5. do; do 6. does; have 7. Does; have; doesn't; has 练习三答案 1. watches 2. sits 3. eats 4. read; teach 5. are 6. plays 7. have 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $