专题06 七选五阅读（期中真题汇编）高二英语上学期人教版

专题06 七选五阅读 主题01 人与社会——个人兴趣与文化修养 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·福建厦门·期中） Appreciating poetry begins with welcoming its unique rhythm and language. Start by reading the poem aloud, allowing its rhythm to reach you emotionally. Poetry is meant to be heard and reciting it can reveal hidden patterns or emotions that silent reading might miss. 1 Does the poem speed up or slow down? These shifts often mirror its themes. Notice the structure. Poems aren’t just words on a page. Their form, including rhyme schemes, stanza breaks, and line lengths, contributes to meaning. A tightly structured poem might evoke (唤起) order, while broken lines could reflect chaos. Don’t overlook punctuation (标点) or capitalization. 2 Engage yourself in imagery and metaphor. Poets paint pictures with words, so visualize the scenes they describe. Ask: What senses are engaged? A poem about rain might feel cold and damp. Figurative language like similes and metaphors invites you to explore deeper connections between seemingly unrelated ideas. Consider the poet’s perspective. Who is speaking? Is it the poet’s voice, a character, or an abstract being? Understanding the “speaker” can clarify the poem’s intention. 3 Historical events, personal experiences, or cultural symbols may influence its meaning. 4 Poetry grows on emotion, and there’s no “correct” interpretation. Your response — whether joy, sorrow, or curiosity — is acceptable. Revisit the poem: meanings often change with each reading. Take down questions it raises, and research unfamiliar references if they interest you. In short, appreciating poetry is an adventure of discovery. Slow down, listen, and trust your feelings. 5 Rather, it’s about appreciating the interplay of sound, image, and idea that makes poetry timeless. A．Let yourself feel. B．Context matters as well. C．Don’t be afraid of making mistakes. D．These shape how you stop and interpret. E．Pay attention to how words flow together. F．The poem’s background determines the style. G．This is not like unlocking a “secret password”. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·山东日照·期中） When you log into social media, does an algorithm (算法) govern your feed? When shopping online, do you often focus on top-listed, AI-suggested items? If you answer “Yes”, most of the time, you go along with what the algorithm recommends. 6 As the name suggests, the term refers to our growing tendency to outsource decisions to systems designed to predict and control our behavior. Now, there’s nothing fundamentally wrong with accepting algorithmic suggestions. 7 But like water slowly carving stone, repeated reliance on AI recommendations can weaken our capacity for independent judgement and even our sense of self. Over time, such reliance not only affects the quality of our choices but also undermines our ability to trust our own judgements. 8 It is the capacity to make intentional choices and take purposeful action. Exercising it requires that we actively shape ourselves through thoughtful choices, rather than being passively shaped by algorithms, social norms, or external pressures. To achieve this, practicing intentional pauses proves workable. That is, before accepting a recommendation, pause and ask, “Would I have made this choice on my own?” 9 For example, when you’re on YouTube, autoplay goes to another video. Instead of watching mindlessly, you pause and realize you’re not truly interested. You close the app and go for a walk instead, following your inner voice over automation. To be human is to choose. It is to exercise the human capacity for intentional action, the ability we have been given to be the authors of our own lives. As AI becomes more integrated in our lives, we must actively preserve our decision-making capacities. 10 A．That is how we remain human. B．So, it’s time to reclaim human agency. C．In many cases they save us considerable time. D．The aim of this question is to stay open to algorithm. E．This short reflection brings awareness to your decisions. F．Psychologists term this common practice “algorithmic dependence”. G．An algorithm is a set of defined rules you follow to get a specific result. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·湖南长沙·期中） The Importance of Poetic Structures 11 . They allow the poets to take the readers by the hand and guide them through the poem, showing them exactly what to focus on in a particular order. To help poets do this successfully, there are many tools at the poet’s disposal when building poem structures, such as lines, stanzas, rhyme schemes, and meters (格律). Each of these works together to provide a roadmap for the readers. 12 Poem Stanzas: Building Blocks of a Poem What is a stanza in a poem? The majority of poems are divided into stanzas or a group of lines with an identifiable structure that repeats throughout the poem. 13 Other times the structure is built around a rhyme scheme. Or the poem structure could even be determined by a specific number of lines per stanza. There are many different types of stanzas. 14 For example, a one-lined stanza is called “monostich” (mono= one). Likewise, a two-lined. stanza is called a “couplet” (couple= two). Shakespeare loved using the couplet at the end of his famous 14 line poems called sonnets. The most important thing to remember about poem stanzas is that whatever the structure is, it must be consistent throughout the poem. Line Structures: Crafting (构建) the Flow When writing a poem, it can be challenging to decide where to end a line and continue onto the next line of a stanza. 15 New poets can mistakenly think that each line has to be a complete sentence. It is perfectly normal to line break in the middle of a sentence, but it has to be done intentionally. Misplaced line breaks in a poem can make or break the “flow” or rhythm of a poem. A．This is called a line break. B．Poetic structures do a few things. C．Each is related to the French form of a number. D．Poetic structures are highly dependent on patterns. E．Sometimes the structure is based on a certain meter. F．They influence the tone and mood of the poem as well. G．A meter determines the structure of the lines within a stanza. 主题02 人与自我——自我管理与成长 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·安徽宿州·期中） Productivity can be a struggle for many of us. It can be easy to feel upset with overflowing email inboxes, housework, social responsibilities. 1 Write it down, do the tasks and cross them off! According to the psychologist David Cohen, there are three key reasons why lists are beneficial. Firstly, they help to drown out the disorder and anxiety that comes with having never-ending tasks. By writing everything down, we don’t have to rely on our memory and can instead focus on the task at hand. 2 Secondly, lists provide structure and guidance, giving us a plan to follow. As well as this, our brains are more likely to keep information that is presented in a structured and organized manner. 3 . They act as proof of what we have achieved, which can help boost our sense of accomplishment and motivation. Seeing our progress on paper can be a great motivator to keep going and tackle more tasks. Another possible reason why our brains love lists is something called the “Zeigarnik Effect”. This is the name psychologists use for when we remember things we need to do, our unfinished tasks, better than things we have already completed. Researchers from Wake Forest University tested the interference of the Zeigarnik effect on a group of people. The researchers concluded that the group permitted to plan had reduced anxiety and performed better in the next task. 4 In conclusion, the to-do list is an invaluable tool for managing our daily lives. 5 It just might be the key to unlocking your full potential. A．Finally, lists give us the psychological boost as well. B．Instead, we can check our lists to remind us of what’s next. C．This not only helps us stay organized but also reduces mental stress. D．Nevertheless, making a to-do list is not always a straightforward process. E．However, one simple tool that can help us stay on top of everything is the to-do list. F．The next time you feel overwhelmed, grab a pen and paper, and start making your list. G．This finding highlights the importance of completing tasks and crossing them off our lists. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·陕西安康·期中） Have you ever woken up at midnight with upsetting thoughts? Maybe you argued with your partner. Perhaps you are worrying about an interview. These are common in our life. 6 And thus we may lose sleep and have trouble concentrating. The following methods are helpful. Learn to practice mindful awareness. This method has the benefit of revealing the temporary nature of your thoughts. 7 There are many mindfulness practices that might help with this. For example, a simple breath meditation(冥想)may do the trick. Thoughts can still come into your head as you practice this. 8 Physical exercise can be helpful. Being outside in nature is one of the best ways. Walking in the woods can reduce meditation more than walking along a road for the same amount of time. If we go out walking, it may help to keep our attention on our surroundings and prevent troubling thoughts from cropping up. Stop feeding the fire and redirect your attention. If we’re ruminating over things, we may need to focus on better things. We can take a break from social media and practice gratitude for the good in our lives. We can also take action with like-minded people. 9 Talk to a trusted person or maybe a therapist. We can turn to others for help. Whether they do it with humor or by offering wisdom, sometimes getting an outsider’s viewpoint can help us a lot. 10 If we don’t have such kind of people, seeing a therapist might be our best option. A．Do some indoor activities. B．Try to move preferably outside. C．But they can make it hard to see reality as it is. D．It can also help to make it easier to let them go. E．We need to give ourselves some space and not assume the worst. F．These can help reduce our worry while pointing us in a right direction. G．We should try to find the right person who can listen well and offer sympathy. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·北京顺义·期中） Whether it’s the echo (回声) of beeping tills in a supermarket or the hissing of a coffee machine in your local café, the brain is constantly working to decode (解码) hundreds of noises each day. But for individuals like 25-year-old Sophie, these background noises can be stressful. 11 She says she can’t figure out where they’re coming from and can’t compute them fast enough. After a hearing test came back normal, Sophie met a private audiologist (听觉矫正专家) for further testing. She was eventually diagnosed (诊断) with auditory processing disorder (APD). 12 However, her audiologist believes the overuse of noise-canceling headphones, which Sophie wears for up to five hours a day, could have a part to play. Noise-canceling headphones do have advantages for long-term ear health. But some experts warn that by blocking everyday sounds, the brain may “forget” how to filter (过滤) noise. 13 Over-reliance on noise-canceling headphones during this period might delay the ability to process speech and noise. Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children have seen an increase in demand for assessments of children struggling to hear certain words in noisy environments. 14 Audiologists are calling for more research into the impact of noise-canceling headphones on teen’s auditory processing. 15 Mobile apps with “word in noise” training exercises are popular for helping patients distinguish speech from background noise. Additionally, microphones and low-gain hearing aids can assist in specific situations. Choosing headphones that don’t completely block the ears is also suggested. A．The cause of Sophie’s APD diagnosis is unknown. B．Treatment for APD can make a significant positive difference. C．Despite having normal hearing, she often struggles to recognize voices. D．She would leave bars and restaurants early because of the stressful noise. E．They note that the high-level listening skills don’t fully develop until late teens. F．One survey showed 61% of 18-24 year olds prefer to watch TV with subtitles on. G．Hearing a diversity of sounds helps the brain decide what is important to focus on. 主题03 人与自然——自然环境与人类生活 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·江西南昌·期中） Summer is a great time to hit the beach, but a few East Coast beach goers have recently had their fun in the sun turned into a nightmare. In July alone, there have been at least five known shark attacks at Carolina beaches. Although shark attacks are actually quite rare, these animals still inspire fear in ocean waters. 1 Skip feeding time. 2 Of course, an attack can happen at any hour of the day or night, but night-time and its transitions are statistically the worst times to be in the water. It is believed that the lack of visibility during these hours makes it easier for the sharks to mistake you for one of their typical prey animals. 3 You don't need to dump shark repellent（驱鲨剂）into the sea when you swim, but it helps to be less attractive as a target. Since sharks tend to attack individuals, swim or surf in groups. Don't wear brightly colored or high-contrast swimwear that is attractive to sharks, and leave the shiny jewelry at home in case of being mistaken for the scales（鳞片）of a fish. 4 Playfully splashing（泼打戏水）around resembles sharks' prey in trap. Fight back. When a shark wants to eat you, you'll know in advance: It will hunch its back, lower its fins, and rush at you in a zigzag pattern. Use your dive knife or anything else you' re packing to discourage it. 5 If you are completely unarmed, punch the shark's super sensitive nose or stab at its eyes or gills. If the shark bites into you, don't give up. Get aggressive and do some damage to the shark. It might just let go. A．Don't act like dinner. B．Don't go into the water individually. C．Also watch your movement in the water. D．Nevertheless, the following three aspects could help. E．If you have a surfboard or bodyboard, use it as a shield. F．If you actually get trapped, avoid irregular movements and splashing. G．The time of a day has always been a factor in a possible shark attack on humans. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·广东深圳·期中） London is considered as one of the greatest cities on Earth. From historical sites to the modern-day metropolis, it can seem an infinite feast of activities and possibilities. For the budget-minded traveler, London might not appear to be the most wallet-friendly destination. 6 There is a wide selection of free things to do in London, as long as you know where to look. One of the most surprisingly free things to do in London is visit top museums and art galleries. 7 For those who prefer museums with an archeological feel, the British Museum charges no admission, and contains such cultural treasures as the Rosetta Stone. Many other museums are also free to visit, although some offer access to special traveling exhibits for a fee. London has a long history of influencing the musical world, and the wise traveler knows that concerts are some of the best free things to do here in various seasons. Particularly in the summer, free concerts are available along the banks of the Thames River, and frequently advertised in entertainment guides. 8 Covent Garden, a theater and shopping district, is famous for its free performances, and even auditions musicians before allowing them to perform. 9 For instance, Charles Dickens's fans may take a stroll through Camden Town, following in the footsteps of Bob Cratchit. For those desperate for a glimpse into the world of Harry Potter, go to King's Cross Station, where you can see for yourself if Platform Nine-and-three-quarters really exists… While London is full of exciting opportunities for the luxury traveler, it doesn't exclude those on a budget. The free things to do in London will often help travelers escape from the tourist attractions and catch a look at local life. 10 A．However, this is not the case. B．Literary lovers will find many free things to do in London. C．That's because London is among the world's priciest cities. D．The National Gallery is free to visitors favoring world-class paintings. E．Even in winter, certain areas are usually crowed with musicians and performers. F．Nobody can refuse such charming music with the beautiful sceneries along the river. G．Combining them with some well-chosen costly additions will give you a balanced look at the beautiful city. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·北京·期中） The Effects of a Warmer World Are Visible in Animals’ Bodies For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defences may help mitigate the effects of a warm world. 11 In a paper published in Trends in Ecology & Evolution, a team led by Sara Ryding, a phd candidate at Deakin University, in Australia, shows that is already happening. Climate change is already altering the bodies of many animal species, giving them bigger beaks, limbs and ears. In some species of Australian parrot, for instance, beak size has increased by between 4 % and 10 % since 1871. All that dovetails (吻合)nicely with evolutionary theory. “Allen’s rule”, named for Joel Asaph Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded-animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages (附属物) than those in less hot regions. 12 For example, Fennec foxes, which are native to the Sahara desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins. Ms Ryding examined museum specimens, comparing their bodies to those of their modern counterparts. She is not the first researcher to take that approach. 13 All sorts of other factors, from changes in prey to the evolving reproductive preferences of males or females, might possibly have been driving the changes. Her team combined data from different species in different places.Since they have little in common apart from living on a warming planet, she says, climate change is the most reasonable explanation. 14 Researchers have already seen changes in the geographical range of many species, from insects to fish. Another evolutionary rule-of-thumb, Bergmann’s rule, holds that animals in hotter places tend to have smaller bodies, another way to boost the ratio between surface area and volume. Other animals may alter their behaviour as well as their bodies, such as by seeking shelter at hot times of the day. Studying a broader range of animals will help firm up exactly what is happening. Much of Ms Ryding’s data concern birds, with less information available for other taxa (类群). But it seems clear that the world of the future is not just going to be hotter than humans are used to. 15 A．And there are other ways to adapt, too. B．The animals living in it will look different, too. C．Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow. D．Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour. E．But it is hard to prove that climate change was the cause of an anatomical (结构上的) change. F．Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs, it is unclear how far the process might go. G．Such adaptations boost an animal's surface area relative to its body volume, helping it to shed excess heat. 主题01 人与社会——人际关系与社会发展 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·吉林白山·期中） In the past decade, the traditional office has undergone a quiet revolution. 1 These dynamic environments are more than just desks and Wi-Fi; they represent a cultural shift in how people view work, community, and productivity. The concept appeared in the early 2000s as a response to firm office structures and the growing number of remote workers. 2 Today, spaces like WeWork, Impact Hub, and local independents cater to diverse users: a graphic designer sketching in a sunny corner, a startup team brainstorming in a glass-walled meeting room, or a student studying for exams. The appeal lies in both practicality and community. For freelancers and small businesses, shared spaces cut costs by removing long-term rents and providing services like printers, coffee bars, and event spaces. 3 Working alone at home can feel lonely, whereas shared workplaces foster casual interactions. A 2022 survey found that 84% of users felt more motivated working alongside others. As tech entrepreneur Maria Lopez notes, “Here, a chat over coffee might lead to a project partnership. It’s networking without pressure.” Shared workplaces flourish diversity. A mix of industries, ages, and backgrounds creates a melting pot of ideas. Many spaces host workshops, networking nights, or skill-sharing sessions to encourage collaboration. In Berlin’s Betahaus, for example, app developers regularly team up with artists to design interactive exhibits. This cross-pollination mirrors the modern economy’s demand for interdisciplinary (跨学科) thinking. 4 However, shared workplaces aren’t perfect. Open layouts can be distracting for those needing deep focus. Noise levels, desk shortages during peak hours, and the lack of personal space are common complaints. Critics also argue that while these spaces promote “community,” relationships often stay superficial (浅的). 5 By prioritizing flexibility and human interaction, they’ re reshaping not only offices but our very definition of a “workplace.” A．But beyond economics, these spaces fight isolation. B．What makes them choose shared workplace is need for flexibility. C．Shared workplaces — also known as co-working spaces —— have ballooned in popularity. D．Shared workplaces remind us that work isn’t just about where we go but how we connect. E．As work becomes more project-based, the ability to connect with diverse talents becomes invaluable. F．Additionally, shared workplaces also raises questions about job stability and long-term sustainability. G．Unlike traditional offices, shared workplaces offer pay-as-you-go memberships and environments tailored to creativity. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·山西晋中·期中） The relationship between sports and arts is evident. There are many striking similarities between them. As an art enthusiast, I notice people’ s narrow view of creativity — limiting arts to mere drawing is unreasonable. Arts go beyond this, requiring skill and imagination to express ideas. 6 . Indoor games like chess engage the body and the mind. Arts and sports are, therefore, birds of a feather, and they ought to flock (聚集) together. The following is something that you may want to know. 7 . Athletes’ discipline enhances artistic effectiveness— few would run 90 minutes for fun, yet passion drives such commitment. This determined spirit mirrors artistic mastery. Just as athletes push their limits to achieve peak performance, artists can channel the same drive into refining their techniques and expanding their creative horizons. The competitive nature of sports fosters a sense of resilience (韧性). Artists who engage in sports learn to deal with failure and setbacks, enabling them to approach their craft with a more determined and positive mindset. 8 . Participating in team sports also teaches valuable lessons in cooperation and communication. 9 , such as theater performances or gallery showcases. Such skills connect personal creativity with teamwork. They balance ideas and roles, allowing each artist to express their style. The dedication and passion developed through sports can significantly enhance artistic abilities. 10 . And that leads to the growth of a more well-rounded and accomplished artist. A．Similarly, sports aren’t just field events B．Sports enhance passion for always fighting for the best C．Sports improve artistic technique through physical strength D．Arts and focus always go hand in hand— the same for sports E．The commitment to excellence in one area naturally impacts the other F．These are very critical for artists frequently involved in group projects G．It helps them stay focused, adapt to challenges and improve their work Passage 3 （24-25高二上·江苏扬州·期中） Will AI Replace Teachers? The AI teacher is also known as the mechanical teacher. 11 It’s a computer or machine that can teach a student according to the level it’s programmed to teach. While the thought of a reliable computer teaching your child might seem promising, AI cannot adapt its teaching to its students during mid-lesson or read its students’ emotions as a human teacher can. 12 It also cannot inspire its students as a human teacher can. The biggest benefit of the human teacher is that he or she gives students human connections they need. There are some who believe that teachers will be completely replaced by robots by the year 2027. Human teachers do carry with them some disadvantages. Some teachers can be of poor character. Others can have a compromising character or not be as knowledgeable about particular subjects as they should be. 13 If you ask anyone the top qualities of a good teacher, AI cannot meet these standards. They include friendly attitude, listening skills, respectful attitude, strong work ethic, patience, discipline skills, and so forth. AI cannot replace teachers. 14 Students long for the student-teacher bond, cooperation, and love. 15 It makes the human teacher’s job easier and helps him or her to be more efficient. This added efficiency allows him or her the time he or she needs to work more one-on-one with students to provide more adaptability and understanding for them. The two things are what an AI teacher would struggle to provide. A．It is exactly what it sounds like. B．AI cannot give a child what he or she needs. C．However, this does not mean that AI is not necessary. D．Frankly speaking, students have their own disadvantages too. E．Luckily, the good news is that AI shows more respect for teachers. F．These drawbacks can be corrected, though, through proper monitoring. G．It fails to simplify problems students have unless it’s programmed to do so. 主题02 人与自我——个人成长与学习策略 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中） The AGES Model of learning enables people to learn quickly, and keep information for the long term. It focuses on four key elements: Attention, Generation, Emotion, and Spacing. Here's what it's all about. Attention Learning takes place when we activate a brain region known as the hippocampus. This occurs when we focus on one topic, without distractions. 1 , we're likely to deactivate the hippocampus and reduce how much learning takes place. In short, attention matters because it's how our brain knows what we're trying to learn in the first place. Generation 2 . Research shows we can't just absorb information passively; we must take an active, creative role. This stems from (源于) how the brain stores memory, as the hippocampus acts more like a web. The thicker the web of memories, the stronger each individual memory becomes. As learners, we help strengthen that web when we actively create-or generate-those connections. 3 . Emotion Emotions play a double role in learning. 4 . And second, emotions activate a brain region called the amygdala, which seems to remind the hippocampus that the material is important and worth encoding (编码) as memory. Spacing Scientists have long found that the brain really creates long-term memories through a spacing approach. Therefore, it's better to introduce concepts at a stable rate and wait some time before recalling that information. Of course, researchers can't say whether we should space lessons by an hour or a week, but they do agree that some spacing is always better than no spacing. 5 . A．When we multi-task or let our minds wander B．If we can keep ourselves from all kinds of distractions C．The second component involves how we engage with the material D．First, they’ve been found to increase our attention to a given topic E．First, positive learning emotions include interest, curiosity, wonder and joy F．How often you space may be more of a practical matter within your organization G．One way to do that is by relating the new material to our existing web of knowledge Passage 2 （24-25高二上·北京·期中）In recent years, research has confirmed that providing students with meaningful feedback can greatly improve their learning and achievement. 6 It can even be counterproductive (适得其反的), especially if it’s presented in an only negative or corrective way. To some degree, it is easier for the teacher and the student to receive a simple grade on an assignment (作业). 7 It tells a student whether he has met the expectations of the assignment, and it creates a simple way for a teacher to assess a student’s work. However, once the grade is on the paper, it pretty much becomes the only thing that matters. 8 Whatever work might have been done on the test is outweighed by the overall low performance. 9 Many educational professors suggest a feedback-oriented (反馈导向的) learning system. In the classroom, this system can shift the focus of the students from their final grades to mastery of the material itself. Feedback is commentary on the student work, individualized to best consider the needs of each student, personally. A feedback-oriented learning system is something that every student can benefit from, whether it is offered verbally, or through the traditional written words. 10 Those students are typically not challenged as much as they should be. While they still may earn an “A”, it is helpful to know what they could be doing to improve their work even further — another learning challenge to engage, and push them forward. A．A grade is clear. B．Be as specific as possible. C．Even “A” students benefit. D．But not all feedback is equally effective. E．Less advantaged learners can also benefit. F．So how can we make students learn effectively from feedback? G．Students are hardly interested in hearing what they did well when they see a low grade. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·河南三门峡·期中） What many of us have heard is that it takes 21 days to form a habit in our lifestyle.Unfortunately, a study revealed that the true number is around 66 days, or over 2 months. 11 Here are some key tips to help you make continuous learning a habit in your life. Start small. Make sure that you can reasonably complete the tasks that you set for yourself .They don’t have to be large tasks. It might just be to read one article per day on a particular topic or cook 3 new dishes per week. You are more likely to continue with lifelong learning if you succeed in completing your goals. 12 Change and adjust. If something that you have arranged isn't working for you, you can change it. 13 For example, if you are assigned a task that doesn't seem to be helping you achieve your goals or is too difficult for you, change the task to something that is more suitable. 14 Friends that also participate in lifelong learning can motivate you, create a strong support system and make learning more enjoyable. You can learn new skills together, play games in order to learn or begin a new project as a group. Make learning a priority (优先事项) 15 So the desire has to come from within. Once you decide you want to make constant learning a habit, it is up to you to make it a priority in your life. Set learning goals, make a plan, and take action to keep yourself moving. A．Surround yourself with other lifelong learners. B．Find jobs that encourage learning. C．This doesn't mean you should give up. D．Few external forces are going to persuade you to learn. E．You are in charge of your own learning experience. F．If you fall behind, you may lose motivation. G．So leave the TV, your phone and your dog in a separate room. 主题03 人与自然——环境保护与可持续发展 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·山东青岛·期中） More than 40 percent of Antarctica’s ice shelves have reduced in the past 25 years, potentially accelerating sea level rise by allowing more landice to flow into the ocean. 1 They play a critical role in slowing the flow of ice on land into the ocean by essentially acting as a wall and surround nearly the entire coastline of Antarctica. When ice shelves thin or retreat(消退), ice on the land can flow into the ocean more quickly and accelerate sea level rise. Healthy ice shelves naturally retreat and grow over time. An ice shelf is continuously flowing and advancing but will also lose mass through melting or calving, which is when its front breaks off into the ocean. 2 But the large portion of steadily shrinking ice shelves shows this natural cycle is off. In West Antarctica, the Getz Ice Shelf experienced some of the biggest ice losses, shedding 1.9 trillion tons of ice over the study period. Most ice shelves in East Antarctica however, increased in volume or stayed the same. 3 Region is protected by a band of cold water at the coast, which helps keep nearby warm water at bay. Even so, the study still showed pockets of shrinking ice shelves, and researchers are still investigating the reasons. 4 The current ice shelf data set is not long enough for researchers to definitively make climate change connection yet, but it would be a ” remarkable coincidence if the natural variability in ice shelves were just that much larger. 5 But we don’t need to hit it before seeing an effect on the planet. A．Then it can gain ice from the land and grow again B．Ice shelves are massive floating sections of ice extending from glaciers on land. C．The east is not as exposed to the warm water like the other side of the continent. D．The thinning of the ice shelves has shown up in the surrounding environment, too. E．Ice shelves not just the big ones, are. steadily losing mass over time with no sign of recovery F．One theory is that the warmer water on the western side could be slowly coming in the region. G．Additionally, climate models predict ice shelves will steadily shrink in a warming world as observed, eventually hitting a tipping point for ice sheet collapse. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·河北沧州·期中） Fig trees are native to Europe around the Mediterranean Sea, Asia and Arica, but they can grow in much cooler climates. Once big enough, fig trees can accept temperatures even a few degrees below freezing. Some kinds of fig trees do better in such environments than others. Depending on the weather and pruning (修剪), a fig can grow into a bush or a tee. Bushes with several stems (茎) growing from the ground do best if covered for the winter. 6 Either way, wait until the trees have dropped most of their leaves. One popular method for burying trees for their protection involves digging a narrow, shallow area. 7 The space should be about 30 centimeters deep, 60 centimeters wide and as long as the height of the tree. To prepare the tree, gather its branches and tie them together with soft rope. Next, push a shovel (铲子) into the soil about a half-meter from the trunk (树干) on the side opposite the hole. Lift that side of the tree’s root ball out of the ground. Then, gently push the tree toward the hole. 8 Pack soil around the exposed side of the roots, and around the length of the tree. Load soil over the tree. Make it at least 30 centimeters deep. You will need more soil than you removed from digging. 9 In this case, you should work upwards from the bottom and put cloth around the tree. Then put heavy brown paper around the cloth and tie it into place. Remove some soil from around the base of the tree. Place a large piece of cardboard into the space. 10 Tie the cardboard into place. A．And in this area the tree can be laid. B．All kinds of the trees could use protection. C．You can also cover, or wrap, the tree instead. D．And bend it around the bottom part of the tree. E．When it is lying fat, cover the tree with plastic. F．Trees with a single trunk can be buried or covered. G．Remove the cover on the tee on a cloudy day in early spring. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·山西吕梁·期中） How do you feel about bees? Do you get annoyed when they fly around you and do you fear their mission is just to sting (叮) you? 11 Without them, we might starve (饿死). Bees deserve some respect. They give us honey, and they play their part either pollinating (授粉) the many vegetables and fruits we eat directly or pollinating the food for the animals that we then consume. 12 That’s not all — a study in the UK, found bees and other pollinating insects have a global economic value of around £120bn ($150bn) and contribute around £690m ($850m) to the UK economy every year. So, bees are worth protecting. 13 But experts say we should be taking care of all our bees. Researchers say conservation efforts should be aimed at a wide number of species — even those that currently contribute little to crop pollination — in order to maintain biodiversity and ensure future food security. 14 It’s something we should be worried about because, as Gill Perkins, chief executive of the Bumblebee Conservation Trust, said, “They provide a whole ecosystem service.” The recent lockdowns caused by the coronavirus pandemic (流行病) seem to have given bee populations a little boost because they faced less human disturbance, traffic and polluting fumes. Conservationists hope, going forward, people will appreciate bees more and encourage them to do well as they reconnect with nature. Gill Perkins says, “They are beginning to realise how their mental health and wellbeing is supported by nature — particularly by bumblebees (大黄蜂), which are so beautiful and buzzy.” 15 A．A small number of bee species are essential for crops such as apples and strawberries. B．The bees busied themselves at making honey. C．So, it really seems time to give bees a second chance. D．In fact, they are the world’s most important pollinators. E．The words remind people of this saying “honey is sweet but the bee stings”. F．Love them or dislike them, these little insects are extremely important creatures. G．Unfortunately, in recent times, bee populations have been declining due to pesticides, disease and habitat loss. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 七选五阅读 主题01 人与社会——个人兴趣与文化修养 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·福建厦门·期中） Appreciating poetry begins with welcoming its unique rhythm and language. Start by reading the poem aloud, allowing its rhythm to reach you emotionally. Poetry is meant to be heard and reciting it can reveal hidden patterns or emotions that silent reading might miss. 1 Does the poem speed up or slow down? These shifts often mirror its themes. Notice the structure. Poems aren’t just words on a page. Their form, including rhyme schemes, stanza breaks, and line lengths, contributes to meaning. A tightly structured poem might evoke (唤起) order, while broken lines could reflect chaos. Don’t overlook punctuation (标点) or capitalization. 2 Engage yourself in imagery and metaphor. Poets paint pictures with words, so visualize the scenes they describe. Ask: What senses are engaged? A poem about rain might feel cold and damp. Figurative language like similes and metaphors invites you to explore deeper connections between seemingly unrelated ideas. Consider the poet’s perspective. Who is speaking? Is it the poet’s voice, a character, or an abstract being? Understanding the “speaker” can clarify the poem’s intention. 3 Historical events, personal experiences, or cultural symbols may influence its meaning. 4 Poetry grows on emotion, and there’s no “correct” interpretation. Your response — whether joy, sorrow, or curiosity — is acceptable. Revisit the poem: meanings often change with each reading. Take down questions it raises, and research unfamiliar references if they interest you. In short, appreciating poetry is an adventure of discovery. Slow down, listen, and trust your feelings. 5 Rather, it’s about appreciating the interplay of sound, image, and idea that makes poetry timeless. A．Let yourself feel. B．Context matters as well. C．Don’t be afraid of making mistakes. D．These shape how you stop and interpret. E．Pay attention to how words flow together. F．The poem’s background determines the style. G．This is not like unlocking a “secret password”. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了欣赏诗歌的方法。 1．根据下文“Does the poem speed up or slow down? These shifts often mirror its themes.(这首诗的节奏是加快还是放慢？这些变化往往反映了它的主题)” 可知，引出后文关于诗歌节奏变化的内容，因为单词组合流动的方式决定节奏，节奏变化又反映主题。E选项“注意单词是如何组合在一起流动的” 符合语境，故选E。 2．根据上文“Their form, including rhyme schemes, stanza breaks, and line lengths, contributes to meaning. A tightly structured poem might evoke (唤起) order, while broken lines could reflect chaos. Don’t overlook punctuation (标点) or capitalization.(它们的形式，包括押韵方案、诗节划分和行长，都有助于表达意义。结构严谨的诗歌可能唤起秩序感，而破碎的诗句可能反映混乱。不要忽视标点符号或大写字母)” 可知，承接前文，说明诗歌形式中的元素以及标点产生的影响。D选项“这些决定了你如何停顿和解读” 符合语境，故选D。 3．根据上文Understanding the “speaker” can clarify the poem’s intention.(理解 “讲述者” 可以阐明诗歌的意图)” 及“Historical events, personal experiences, or cultural symbols may influence its meaning.(历史事件、个人经历或文化符号可能会影响它的意义)” 可知，承上启下，引出后文关于诗歌背景对其意义产生影响的内容，说明除了理解讲述者，背景对理解诗歌也很关键。B选项“背景也很重要” 符合语境，故选B。 4．此空为段落小标题。根据下文“Poetry grows on emotion, and there’s no “correct” interpretation. Your response — whether joy, sorrow, or curiosity—is acceptable. Revisit the poem: meanings often change with each reading. Take down questions it raises, and research unfamiliar references if they interest you.(诗歌基于情感，没有“正确”的解读。你的反应 —— 无论是喜悦、悲伤还是好奇 —— 都是可以接受的。重新审视这首诗：每次阅读，其含义往往会发生变化。记录下它引发的问题，如果感兴趣，研究不熟悉的典故)” 可知，选项强调欣赏诗歌要跟随自己的情感，引出后文关于情感反应及重新审视诗歌等内容。A选项“让自己去感受” 符合语境，作为小标题概括该段内容，故选A。 5．根据下文“Rather, it’s about appreciating the interplay of sound, image, and idea that makes poetry timeless.(相反，它是关于欣赏声音、意象和思想的相互作用，使诗歌永恒)” 可知，选项引出后文对欣赏诗歌真正意义的阐述，通过对比说明欣赏诗歌并非追求唯一正确答案，而是感受其各元素的相互作用。故G选项“这不像解开一个“秘密密码”” 符合语境，故选G。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·山东日照·期中） When you log into social media, does an algorithm (算法) govern your feed? When shopping online, do you often focus on top-listed, AI-suggested items? If you answer “Yes”, most of the time, you go along with what the algorithm recommends. 6 As the name suggests, the term refers to our growing tendency to outsource decisions to systems designed to predict and control our behavior. Now, there’s nothing fundamentally wrong with accepting algorithmic suggestions. 7 But like water slowly carving stone, repeated reliance on AI recommendations can weaken our capacity for independent judgement and even our sense of self. Over time, such reliance not only affects the quality of our choices but also undermines our ability to trust our own judgements. 8 It is the capacity to make intentional choices and take purposeful action. Exercising it requires that we actively shape ourselves through thoughtful choices, rather than being passively shaped by algorithms, social norms, or external pressures. To achieve this, practicing intentional pauses proves workable. That is, before accepting a recommendation, pause and ask, “Would I have made this choice on my own?” 9 For example, when you’re on YouTube, autoplay goes to another video. Instead of watching mindlessly, you pause and realize you’re not truly interested. You close the app and go for a walk instead, following your inner voice over automation. To be human is to choose. It is to exercise the human capacity for intentional action, the ability we have been given to be the authors of our own lives. As AI becomes more integrated in our lives, we must actively preserve our decision-making capacities. 10 A．That is how we remain human. B．So, it’s time to reclaim human agency. C．In many cases they save us considerable time. D．The aim of this question is to stay open to algorithm. E．This short reflection brings awareness to your decisions. F．Psychologists term this common practice “algorithmic dependence”. G．An algorithm is a set of defined rules you follow to get a specific result. 【答案】6．F 7．C 8．B 9．E 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了人们对算法推荐的依赖现象，强调保持人类自主决策能力的重要性。 6．前文“When you log into social media, does an algorithm (算法) govern your feed? When shopping online, do you often focus on top-listed, AI-suggested items? If you answer “Yes”, most of the time, you go along with what the algorithm recommends. (当你登录社交媒体时，是否有算法管理你的推送？网上购物时，你是否常关注AI推荐的置顶商品？如果回答“是”，大多数时候你会听从算法推荐)”描述人们普遍跟随算法推荐的行为，后文“As the name suggests, the term refers to our growing tendency to outsource decisions to systems designed to predict and control our behavior. (顾名思义，这个术语指的是我们日益倾向于将决策权交给那些旨在预测和控制我们行为的系统)”给出对这一现象的专业定义，因此F项“Psychologists term this common practice “algorithmic dependence”. (心理学家将这种常见现象称为“算法依赖”)”符合语境，给出该现象的术语，承前启后，其中的this common practice指代前文行为，algorithmic dependence是后文的the term指代的对象。故选F。 7．前文“Now, there’s nothing fundamentally wrong with accepting algorithmic suggestions. (现在，接受算法建议从根本上来说并无不妥)”肯定算法的合理性，后文“But like water slowly carving stone, repeated reliance on AI recommendations can weaken our capacity for independent judgement and even our sense of self. (但正如滴水穿石般，对AI推荐的反复依赖会逐渐削弱我们独立判断的能力，甚至动摇自我认知的根基)”指出长期依赖算法的危害，因此C项“In many cases they save us considerable time. (在许多情况下，它们为我们节省大量时间)”符合语境，具体说明算法节省时间的益处，承接前文，和后文构成转折，其中的they指代前文的algorithmic suggestions。故选C。 8．后文“It is the capacity to make intentional choices and take purposeful action. (它是做出有意选择和采取有目的行动的能力)”讨论人类自主决策能力，因此B项“So, it’s time to reclaim human agency. (因此，是时候重新找回人类的自主权了)”符合语境，引出对自主决策的呼吁，统领段落，其中的human agency是后文It指代的对象。故选B。 9．前文“That is, before accepting a recommendation, pause and ask, “Would I have made this choice on my own?”(也就是说，在接受一个推荐之前，停下来问问自己：“如果完全由我自己决定，我会做出同样的选择吗？”)”给出有意停顿的具体方法，因此E项“This short reflection brings awareness to your decisions. (这种短暂反思会让你对决策有清醒认知)”符合语境，指出方法的有效性，承接前文。故选E。 10．前文“As AI becomes more integrated in our lives, we must actively preserve our decision-making capacities. (随着AI深度融入生活，我们必须积极维护决策能力)”总结维护自主决策的必要性，因此A项“That is how we remain human. (这便是我们保持人性的方式)”符合语境，将自主决策提升至人性本质的高度，以哲学视角收束全文，强化核心论点。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·湖南长沙·期中） The Importance of Poetic Structures 11 . They allow the poets to take the readers by the hand and guide them through the poem, showing them exactly what to focus on in a particular order. To help poets do this successfully, there are many tools at the poet’s disposal when building poem structures, such as lines, stanzas, rhyme schemes, and meters (格律). Each of these works together to provide a roadmap for the readers. 12 Poem Stanzas: Building Blocks of a Poem What is a stanza in a poem? The majority of poems are divided into stanzas or a group of lines with an identifiable structure that repeats throughout the poem. 13 Other times the structure is built around a rhyme scheme. Or the poem structure could even be determined by a specific number of lines per stanza. There are many different types of stanzas. 14 For example, a one-lined stanza is called “monostich” (mono= one). Likewise, a two-lined. stanza is called a “couplet” (couple= two). Shakespeare loved using the couplet at the end of his famous 14 line poems called sonnets. The most important thing to remember about poem stanzas is that whatever the structure is, it must be consistent throughout the poem. Line Structures: Crafting (构建) the Flow When writing a poem, it can be challenging to decide where to end a line and continue onto the next line of a stanza. 15 New poets can mistakenly think that each line has to be a complete sentence. It is perfectly normal to line break in the middle of a sentence, but it has to be done intentionally. Misplaced line breaks in a poem can make or break the “flow” or rhythm of a poem. A．This is called a line break. B．Poetic structures do a few things. C．Each is related to the French form of a number. D．Poetic structures are highly dependent on patterns. E．Sometimes the structure is based on a certain meter. F．They influence the tone and mood of the poem as well. G．A meter determines the structure of the lines within a stanza. 【答案】11．B 12．F 13．E 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了诗歌的结构。 11．根据本段的标题“The Importance of Poetic Structure(诗歌结构的重要性)”和空格后“They allow the poet to take the reader by the hand and guide them through the poem, showing them exactly what to focus on in a particular order.(它们允许诗人牵着读者的手，引导他们阅读这首诗，告诉他们在一个特定的顺序中，他们应该关注什么。)”可知，本段在讲诗歌结构的作用。B选项“诗歌结构有以下几个作用”，符合语境，故选B。 12．根据空格前“To help poets do this successfully, there are many tools at the poet’s disposal when building poem structures, such as lines, stanzas, rhyme schemes, and meters( 格律). Each of these works together to provide a roadmap for the reader.(为了帮助诗人成功地做到这一点，在构建诗歌结构时，诗人有许多方法可以使用，比如行、节、韵律和格律。这些方法共同为读者提供了一幅路线图。)”可知，构建诗歌结构时，诗人有许多方法可以使用，它们为读者提供了一幅路线图，这是在讲这些方法的作用，空处承接上文，也应是讲这些方法的作用，F选项“它们也影响了这首诗的语气和情绪”，符合语境，故选F。 13．根据空格后“Other times structure is built around a rhyme scheme.(其他时候，结构是围绕一个韵律形成的。)”可知，本句在讲诗歌结构形成的条件。E选项“有时结构是根据一定的格律来确定的”，符合语境，是在讲诗歌结构形成的其他条件，故选E。 14．根据空格后“For example, a one-lined stanza is called “monostich” (mono= one). Likewise, a two-lined. stanza is called a “couplet” (couple= two). (例如，一个一行诗节被称为“隐修士”。同样，两行诗节被称为“对句”。)可知，本句是在讲诗节和数字之间的关系。C选项“每一个都与法语中的数字有关”，符合语境，故选C。 15．根据本段标题“Line Structure: Crafting the Flow(行文结构：构建流畅性)”和空格前“When writing a poem, it can be challenging to decide where to end a line and continue onto the next line of a stanza.(写诗的时候，决定哪一行结束，然后继续下一行，这是很有挑战性的。)”可知，本段在讲诗歌的行文结构。A选项“这叫做换行”，符合语境，指出写诗时，决定哪一行结束，然后继续下一行的这种做法其实是叫换行，故选A。 主题02 人与自我——自我管理与成长 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·安徽宿州·期中） Productivity can be a struggle for many of us. It can be easy to feel upset with overflowing email inboxes, housework, social responsibilities. 1 Write it down, do the tasks and cross them off! According to the psychologist David Cohen, there are three key reasons why lists are beneficial. Firstly, they help to drown out the disorder and anxiety that comes with having never-ending tasks. By writing everything down, we don’t have to rely on our memory and can instead focus on the task at hand. 2 Secondly, lists provide structure and guidance, giving us a plan to follow. As well as this, our brains are more likely to keep information that is presented in a structured and organized manner. 3 . They act as proof of what we have achieved, which can help boost our sense of accomplishment and motivation. Seeing our progress on paper can be a great motivator to keep going and tackle more tasks. Another possible reason why our brains love lists is something called the “Zeigarnik Effect”. This is the name psychologists use for when we remember things we need to do, our unfinished tasks, better than things we have already completed. Researchers from Wake Forest University tested the interference of the Zeigarnik effect on a group of people. The researchers concluded that the group permitted to plan had reduced anxiety and performed better in the next task. 4 In conclusion, the to-do list is an invaluable tool for managing our daily lives. 5 It just might be the key to unlocking your full potential. A．Finally, lists give us the psychological boost as well. B．Instead, we can check our lists to remind us of what’s next. C．This not only helps us stay organized but also reduces mental stress. D．Nevertheless, making a to-do list is not always a straightforward process. E．However, one simple tool that can help us stay on top of everything is the to-do list. F．The next time you feel overwhelmed, grab a pen and paper, and start making your list. G．This finding highlights the importance of completing tasks and crossing them off our lists. 【答案】1．E 2．C 3．A 4．G 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了使用待办事项清单对于提高办事效率、管理日常生活的诸多好处。 1．根据前文“Productivity can be a struggle for many of us. It can be easy to feel upset with overflowing email inboxes, housework, social responsibilities.(对我们很多人来说，提高效率是一件很困难的事情。收件箱里满是邮件、家务、社会责任，这些都很容易让人感到不安)”提到提高效率是一件很困难的事情，和后文“Write it down, do the tasks and cross them off！(把它写下来，完成任务并划掉它们！)”可知，此处是指写下待办事项可以提高办事效率，所以E选项“However, one simple tool that can help us stay on top of everything is the to-do list.(然而，有一个简单的工具可以帮助我们掌握一切，那就是待办事项清单)”起到上下文的承上启下作用，切合文意。故选E。 2．根据前文“Firstly, they help to drown out the disorder and anxiety that comes with having never-ending tasks. By writing everything down, we don’t have to rely on our memory and can instead focus on the task at hand.(首先，它们有助于消除永无止境的任务带来的混乱和焦虑。通过把所有的事情都写下来，我们不必依赖我们的记忆，而是可以专注于手头的任务)”可知，此处是指待办事项清单可以帮助我们理清混乱并减少焦虑，C选项“This not only helps us stay organized but also reduces mental stress.(这不仅能帮助我们保持条理，还能减少精神压力)”承接上文内容，上下文紧密连接。故选C。 3．根据后文“They act as proof of what we have achieved, which can help boost our sense of accomplishment and motivation. Seeing our progress on paper can be a great motivator to keep going and tackle more tasks.(它们是我们取得成就的证明，有助于提高我们的成就感和动力。看到我们在纸上的进步是一个很好的动力，让我们继续前进，处理更多的任务)”可知，此处是指待办事项清单可以给我们提供成就感和动力，A选项“Finally, lists give us the psychological boost as well.(最后，清单也给我们心理上的刺激)”切合文意，上下文紧密连接。故选A。 4．根据前文“Another possible reason why our brains love lists is something called the “Zeigarnik Effect”. This is the name psychologists use for when we remember things we need to do, our unfinished tasks, better than things we have already completed. Researchers from Wake Forest University tested the interference of the Zeigarnik effect on a group of people. The researchers concluded that the group permitted to plan had reduced anxiety and performed better in the next task.(我们的大脑喜欢清单的另一个可能的原因是所谓的“蔡加尼克效应”。心理学家用这个词来形容我们对需要做的事情、未完成的任务的记忆比已经完成的事情更好。维克森林大学的研究人员测试了蔡格尼克效应对一组人的干扰。研究人员得出结论，允许做计划的那组人减少了焦虑，在下一个任务中表现得更好)”介绍“蔡加尼克效应”（对未完成任务的记忆更深刻）及研究结论（制定计划的小组焦虑减少、表现更好）。G选项“This finding highlights the importance of completing tasks and crossing them off our lists.(这一发现强调了完成任务并从清单上划掉它们的重要性)”总结研究意义，与“划掉完成项”的清单使用方式呼应。故选G。 5．根据前文“In conclusion, the to-do list is an invaluable tool for managing our daily lives.(总之，待办事项清单是管理我们日常生活的宝贵工具)”总结待办清单是管理日常生活的宝贵工具，F选项“The next time you feel overwhelmed, grab a pen and paper, and start making your list.(下次感到不知所措时，拿起纸和笔，开始列清单吧)”以具体行动建议结尾，与后文“It just might be the key...(这或许是发挥潜能的关键……)”衔接自然，强化清单的实用性。故选F。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·陕西安康·期中） Have you ever woken up at midnight with upsetting thoughts? Maybe you argued with your partner. Perhaps you are worrying about an interview. These are common in our life. 6 And thus we may lose sleep and have trouble concentrating. The following methods are helpful. Learn to practice mindful awareness. This method has the benefit of revealing the temporary nature of your thoughts. 7 There are many mindfulness practices that might help with this. For example, a simple breath meditation(冥想)may do the trick. Thoughts can still come into your head as you practice this. 8 Physical exercise can be helpful. Being outside in nature is one of the best ways. Walking in the woods can reduce meditation more than walking along a road for the same amount of time. If we go out walking, it may help to keep our attention on our surroundings and prevent troubling thoughts from cropping up. Stop feeding the fire and redirect your attention. If we’re ruminating over things, we may need to focus on better things. We can take a break from social media and practice gratitude for the good in our lives. We can also take action with like-minded people. 9 Talk to a trusted person or maybe a therapist. We can turn to others for help. Whether they do it with humor or by offering wisdom, sometimes getting an outsider’s viewpoint can help us a lot. 10 If we don’t have such kind of people, seeing a therapist might be our best option. A．Do some indoor activities. B．Try to move preferably outside. C．But they can make it hard to see reality as it is. D．It can also help to make it easier to let them go. E．We need to give ourselves some space and not assume the worst. F．These can help reduce our worry while pointing us in a right direction. G．We should try to find the right person who can listen well and offer sympathy. 【答案】6．C 7．D 8．B 9．F 10．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了应对半失眠时出现烦恼思绪的几种方法。 6．上文“Have you ever woken up at midnight with upsetting thoughts? Maybe you argued with your partner. Perhaps you are worrying about an interview. These are common in our life.(你是否曾在午夜醒来，心中充满烦恼？也许你和你的伴侣吵架了。也许你正在担心面试。这些在我们的生活中很常见)”提出烦恼在生活中是很常见的，C选项“But they can make it hard to see reality as it is.(但它们会让我们难以看清现实的本质)”承接上文，指出这些常见烦恼会带来负面影响，即它们会让我们难以看清现实的本质，句中“they”与上文“These”指代一致。故选C项。 7．上文“This method has the benefit of revealing the temporary nature of your thoughts.(这种方法的好处在于能够揭示你思想的短暂性)”说明这种方法的好处，D选项“It can also help to make it easier to let them go.(它还可以帮助你更容易地放下它们)”进一步说明这种方法的另一个好处，即它还可以帮助你更容易地放下这些烦恼，与上文构成并列关系。故选D项。 8．下文“Physical exercise can be helpful. Being outside in nature is one of the best ways.(体育锻炼是有帮助的。置身于大自然中是最好的方式之一)”说明体育锻炼和置身于大自然中是有帮助的，B选项“Try to move preferably outside.(尽量在外面运动)”引出下文，说明尽量在外面运动，适合作段首小标题。故选B项。 9．上文“We can take a break from social media and practice gratitude for the good in our lives. We can also take action with like-minded people.(我们可以暂时远离社交媒体，对我们生活中的美好事物心怀感激。我们也可以和志同道合的人一起行动)”提出了一些应对烦恼的方法，F选项“These can help reduce our worry while pointing us in a right direction.(这些可以帮助我们减少担忧，同时为我们指明正确的方向)”承接上文，说明这些做法的好处，即它们可以帮助我们减少担忧并指明方向，句中“These”指代上文的方法，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 10．上文“We can turn to others for help. Whether they do it with humor or by offering wisdom, sometimes getting an outsider’s viewpoint can help us a lot.(我们可以向别人寻求帮助。无论他们是用幽默的方式还是用智慧的方式，有时候得到局外人的观点会对我们有很大的帮助)”提出可以向别人寻求帮助，G选项“We should try to find the right person who can listen well and offer sympathy.(我们应该试着找到一个能倾听并表示同情的人)”承接上文，说明应该找什么样的人寻求帮助，即找一个能倾听并表示同情的人，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·北京顺义·期中） Whether it’s the echo (回声) of beeping tills in a supermarket or the hissing of a coffee machine in your local café, the brain is constantly working to decode (解码) hundreds of noises each day. But for individuals like 25-year-old Sophie, these background noises can be stressful. 11 She says she can’t figure out where they’re coming from and can’t compute them fast enough. After a hearing test came back normal, Sophie met a private audiologist (听觉矫正专家) for further testing. She was eventually diagnosed (诊断) with auditory processing disorder (APD). 12 However, her audiologist believes the overuse of noise-canceling headphones, which Sophie wears for up to five hours a day, could have a part to play. Noise-canceling headphones do have advantages for long-term ear health. But some experts warn that by blocking everyday sounds, the brain may “forget” how to filter (过滤) noise. 13 Over-reliance on noise-canceling headphones during this period might delay the ability to process speech and noise. Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children have seen an increase in demand for assessments of children struggling to hear certain words in noisy environments. 14 Audiologists are calling for more research into the impact of noise-canceling headphones on teen’s auditory processing. 15 Mobile apps with “word in noise” training exercises are popular for helping patients distinguish speech from background noise. Additionally, microphones and low-gain hearing aids can assist in specific situations. Choosing headphones that don’t completely block the ears is also suggested. A．The cause of Sophie’s APD diagnosis is unknown. B．Treatment for APD can make a significant positive difference. C．Despite having normal hearing, she often struggles to recognize voices. D．She would leave bars and restaurants early because of the stressful noise. E．They note that the high-level listening skills don’t fully develop until late teens. F．One survey showed 61% of 18-24 year olds prefer to watch TV with subtitles on. G．Hearing a diversity of sounds helps the brain decide what is important to focus on. 【答案】11．C 12．A 13．E 14．F 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章以Sophie患听觉处理障碍(APD)为例，介绍了APD，分析了可能的原因，如过度使用降噪耳机，并提及了相应的治疗方法。 11．上文“But for individuals like 25 year old Sophie, these background noises can be stressful.(但对于像25岁的索菲这样的人来说，这些背景噪音可能会带来压力)”指出Sophie会因背景噪音感到压力。C选项“Despite having normal hearing, she often struggles to recognize voices.(尽管听力正常，但她经常难以辨认声音)”进一步说明了Sophie在听觉方面的困扰，与上文提到的背景噪音带来压力相呼应，且与下文“She says she can’t figure out where they’re coming from and can’t compute them fast enough.(她说她搞不清声音从哪里来，也不能快速处理这些声音)”衔接紧密。故选C项。 12．下文“However, her audiologist believes the overuse of noise canceling headphones, which Sophie wears for up to five hours a day, could have a part to play.(然而，她的听觉矫正专家认为，索菲每天佩戴长达五小时的降噪耳机过度使用可能起到了一定作用)”中“However”表示转折，说明前面对于Sophie患APD的原因是不确定的。A选项“The cause of Sophie’s APD diagnosis is unknown.(索菲被诊断出患有APD的原因尚不清楚)”符合上下文逻辑。故选A项。 13．下文“Over reliance on noise canceling headphones during this period might delay the ability to process speech and noise.(在这个时期过度依赖降噪耳机可能会延迟处理语音和噪音的能力)”提到了“this period”，说明前面应该提到了一个特定的时期。E选项“They note that the high level listening skills don’t fully develop until late teens.(他们指出，高级听力技能直到青少年晚期才会完全发展)”指出了高级听力技能发展的时期，与下文的“this period”相呼应。故选E项。 14．上文“Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children have seen an increase in demand for assessments of children struggling to hear certain words in noisy environments.(大奥蒙德街儿童医院发现，对在嘈杂环境中难以听清某些单词的儿童进行评估的需求有所增加)”说明儿童在嘈杂环境中听力有问题的情况增多。F选项“One survey showed 61% of 18-24 year olds prefer to watch TV with subtitles on.(一项调查显示，61%的18-24岁的人更喜欢看带字幕的电视)”进一步举例说明年轻人在听力方面可能存在的问题，与上文内容相关。故选F项。 15．下文“Mobile apps with ‘word in noise’ training exercises are popular for helping patients distinguish speech from background noise. Additionally, microphones and low gain hearing aids can assist in specific situations. Choosing headphones that don’t completely block the ears is also suggested.(带有‘噪音中的单词’训练练习的移动应用程序很受欢迎，可帮助患者从背景噪音中分辨出语音。此外，麦克风和低增益助听器可以在特定情况下提供帮助。还建议选择不完全堵住耳朵的耳机)”介绍了治疗APD的方法。B选项“Treatment for APD can make a significant positive difference.(对APD的治疗可以产生显著的积极影响)”引出下文关于治疗方法的内容。故选B项。 主题03 人与自然——自然环境与人类生活 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·江西南昌·期中） Summer is a great time to hit the beach, but a few East Coast beach goers have recently had their fun in the sun turned into a nightmare. In July alone, there have been at least five known shark attacks at Carolina beaches. Although shark attacks are actually quite rare, these animals still inspire fear in ocean waters. 1 Skip feeding time. 2 Of course, an attack can happen at any hour of the day or night, but night-time and its transitions are statistically the worst times to be in the water. It is believed that the lack of visibility during these hours makes it easier for the sharks to mistake you for one of their typical prey animals. 3 You don't need to dump shark repellent（驱鲨剂）into the sea when you swim, but it helps to be less attractive as a target. Since sharks tend to attack individuals, swim or surf in groups. Don't wear brightly colored or high-contrast swimwear that is attractive to sharks, and leave the shiny jewelry at home in case of being mistaken for the scales（鳞片）of a fish. 4 Playfully splashing（泼打戏水）around resembles sharks' prey in trap. Fight back. When a shark wants to eat you, you'll know in advance: It will hunch its back, lower its fins, and rush at you in a zigzag pattern. Use your dive knife or anything else you' re packing to discourage it. 5 If you are completely unarmed, punch the shark's super sensitive nose or stab at its eyes or gills. If the shark bites into you, don't give up. Get aggressive and do some damage to the shark. It might just let go. A．Don't act like dinner. B．Don't go into the water individually. C．Also watch your movement in the water. D．Nevertheless, the following three aspects could help. E．If you have a surfboard or bodyboard, use it as a shield. F．If you actually get trapped, avoid irregular movements and splashing. G．The time of a day has always been a factor in a possible shark attack on humans. 【答案】1．D 2．G 3．A 4．C 5．E 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何躲避和应对鲨鱼的袭击。 1．根据上句“Although shark attacks are actually quite rare, these animals still inspire fear in ocean waters. (尽管鲨鱼攻击的情况很少，但是这些动物仍旧可引起海水中的恐惧)”可知，空格处将引出下文具体的应对措施，因此D.Nevertheless,the following three aspects could help(然而下面三点可能有帮助)符合语境，故选D项。 2．根据本段小标题“Skip feeding time.”及本段的内容可推知，空格处引出下文，即避开鲨鱼出没的时间，因此G.The time of a day has always been a factor in a possible shark attack on humans(鲨鱼袭击人的时间常是一个因素)符合语境，故选G项。 3．根据文章结构及空格所在位置可知，空格处为段落小标题；根据“Don't wear brightly colored or high-contrast swimwear that is attractive to sharks, (不要穿太艳丽的泳衣，这容易吸引鲨鱼)”可知，本段主要警示人们在海边游泳时，不要太招摇，以免引起鲨鱼的注意，与选项A呼应，A.Don't act like dinner(别装腔作势)符合语境，故选A项。 4．根据空格后一句“Playfully splashing around resembles sharks' prey in trap.(嬉戏的戏水就像鲨鱼陷阱里的猎物。)”可推知，空格处是对水中行为的警示，C.Also watch your movement in the water(也要关注你在水中的移动) 符合语境，故选C项。 5．根据上句“Use your dive knife or anything else you' re packing to discourage it. (使用你的潜水刀或者其它任何东西去阻止它) ” 以及空格后的“If you are completely unarmed(如果你完全赤手空拳) ”可推知，此处指采取任何有效手段去保护自己。因此 E.If you have a surfboard or bodyboard, use it as a shield(如果你有一个冲浪板或冲浪趴板，把它当作盾牌)符合语境。故选E。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·广东深圳·期中） London is considered as one of the greatest cities on Earth. From historical sites to the modern-day metropolis, it can seem an infinite feast of activities and possibilities. For the budget-minded traveler, London might not appear to be the most wallet-friendly destination. 6 There is a wide selection of free things to do in London, as long as you know where to look. One of the most surprisingly free things to do in London is visit top museums and art galleries. 7 For those who prefer museums with an archeological feel, the British Museum charges no admission, and contains such cultural treasures as the Rosetta Stone. Many other museums are also free to visit, although some offer access to special traveling exhibits for a fee. London has a long history of influencing the musical world, and the wise traveler knows that concerts are some of the best free things to do here in various seasons. Particularly in the summer, free concerts are available along the banks of the Thames River, and frequently advertised in entertainment guides. 8 Covent Garden, a theater and shopping district, is famous for its free performances, and even auditions musicians before allowing them to perform. 9 For instance, Charles Dickens's fans may take a stroll through Camden Town, following in the footsteps of Bob Cratchit. For those desperate for a glimpse into the world of Harry Potter, go to King's Cross Station, where you can see for yourself if Platform Nine-and-three-quarters really exists… While London is full of exciting opportunities for the luxury traveler, it doesn't exclude those on a budget. The free things to do in London will often help travelers escape from the tourist attractions and catch a look at local life. 10 A．However, this is not the case. B．Literary lovers will find many free things to do in London. C．That's because London is among the world's priciest cities. D．The National Gallery is free to visitors favoring world-class paintings. E．Even in winter, certain areas are usually crowed with musicians and performers. F．Nobody can refuse such charming music with the beautiful sceneries along the river. G．Combining them with some well-chosen costly additions will give you a balanced look at the beautiful city. 【答案】6．A 7．D 8．F 9．B 10．G 【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文作者介绍了对于预算有限的游客可以在伦敦做的一些免费的事情。 6．根据前句“London might not appear to be the most wallet-friendly destination.(伦敦似乎不是最钱包友好的目的地)”及后句“There is a wide selection of free things to do in London, as long as you know where to look.(只要你知道该去哪里，那么伦敦有大量的免费的资源)”可知，两句之间存在转折。由此可知，A选项的“However, this is not the case.(然而，事实并非如此)”与前后句逻辑一致，故选A。 7．根据前句的“One of the most surprisingly free things to do in London is visit top museums and art galleries.(伦敦最令人震惊的免费的资源之一就是参观博物馆和艺术馆)”及后两句均为介绍其他适合不同品味的人的一些免费的博物馆可知，空格处也是介绍一个免费的博物馆美术馆之类的。由此可知，D选项“The National Gallery is free to visitors favoring world-class paintings.(国家美术馆对爱好绘画的游客免费开放)”与前后句逻辑一致，故选D。 8．根据空格前句“Particularly in the summer, free concerts are available along the banks of the Thames River, and frequently advertised in entertainment guides.(特别是在夏天，在Thames River河沿岸有免费的音乐会，这些也会在旅游指南里面作宣传)”可知，空格处与前面的音乐会和这条河有关。由此可知，F选项“Nobody can refuse such charming music with the beautiful sceneries along the river.(没有人能拒绝如此迷人的音乐和沿河美丽风景)”与前句逻辑一致，故选F。 9．根据前文空格后面的“for instance”可知，本段主要在举例子，主要介绍了Camdon小镇，King’s Cross Station等目的地。那么首句为本段的总领句，跟文学家及文学作品有关的景点。由此可知，B选项“Literary lovers will find many free things to do in London.( 文学爱好者在伦敦会发现很多免费的事情可以做)”与本段内容贴合，可作为本段总领句填入此处，故选B。 10．根据空格前句“The free things to do in London will often help travelers escape from the tourist attractions and catch a look at local life.(伦敦免费的资源将帮助游客们远离旅游景点，看看当地的生活)”可知，此处讲述的是免费的资源。G选项 “Combining them with some well-chosen costly additions will give you a balanced look at the beautiful city.(将它们与一些精心挑选的自费资源结合起来，你就可以对这个美丽的城市有一个均衡的了解)”中的them指代的上文中的免费资源，与文段逻辑一致，故选G。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·北京·期中） The Effects of a Warmer World Are Visible in Animals’ Bodies For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defences may help mitigate the effects of a warm world. 11 In a paper published in Trends in Ecology & Evolution, a team led by Sara Ryding, a phd candidate at Deakin University, in Australia, shows that is already happening. Climate change is already altering the bodies of many animal species, giving them bigger beaks, limbs and ears. In some species of Australian parrot, for instance, beak size has increased by between 4 % and 10 % since 1871. All that dovetails (吻合)nicely with evolutionary theory. “Allen’s rule”, named for Joel Asaph Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded-animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages (附属物) than those in less hot regions. 12 For example, Fennec foxes, which are native to the Sahara desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins. Ms Ryding examined museum specimens, comparing their bodies to those of their modern counterparts. She is not the first researcher to take that approach. 13 All sorts of other factors, from changes in prey to the evolving reproductive preferences of males or females, might possibly have been driving the changes. Her team combined data from different species in different places.Since they have little in common apart from living on a warming planet, she says, climate change is the most reasonable explanation. 14 Researchers have already seen changes in the geographical range of many species, from insects to fish. Another evolutionary rule-of-thumb, Bergmann’s rule, holds that animals in hotter places tend to have smaller bodies, another way to boost the ratio between surface area and volume. Other animals may alter their behaviour as well as their bodies, such as by seeking shelter at hot times of the day. Studying a broader range of animals will help firm up exactly what is happening. Much of Ms Ryding’s data concern birds, with less information available for other taxa (类群). But it seems clear that the world of the future is not just going to be hotter than humans are used to. 15 A．And there are other ways to adapt, too. B．The animals living in it will look different, too. C．Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow. D．Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour. E．But it is hard to prove that climate change was the cause of an anatomical (结构上的) change. F．Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs, it is unclear how far the process might go. G．Such adaptations boost an animal's surface area relative to its body volume, helping it to shed excess heat. 【答案】11．D 12．G 13．E 14．A 15．B 【分析】这是一篇说明文。讲述了可以从动物的身体中看出来全球变暖的影响。 11．上文“For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defences may help mitigate the effects of a warm world. (对人类来说，适应气候变化将主要是技术问题。更多的空调、更好设计的房屋和更大的防洪系统可能有助于缓解全球变暖的影响。)”说明人类要适应气候变化依靠的是科学技术，选项D “动物将不得不依靠改变它们的身体或行为（去适应）。”承接上文，说明和人类不同，动物要适应气候变化就只能依靠它们的身体和行为。上下文通顺合理。故选D项。 12．上文“‘Allen’s rule’, named for Joel Asaph Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded-animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages (附 属 物) than those in less hot regions. (‘艾伦法则’是以Joel Asaph Allen的名字命名的，他在1877年提出了这一法则，认为在炎热地区的温血动物往往比在不那么炎热地区的动物有更大的附属物。)”说明炎热地区的温血动物往往长有更大的附属物，这是动物对气候的一种适应，选项G“这种适应性提高了动物相对于其身体体积的表面积，帮助它释放多余的热量。”解释了这种现象的产生原因。下文“For example, Fennec foxes, which are native to the Sahara desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins.(原产于撒哈拉沙漠的芬内克狐狸耳朵大得惊人，尤其是与它们的北极近亲相比。)”举例说明动物的这种适应性。上下文通顺合理。故选G项。 13．下文“All sorts of other factors, from changes in prey to the evolving reproductive preferences of males or females, might possibly have been driving the changes. (所有其他因素，从猎物的变化到雄性或雌性不断进化的生殖偏好，都可能推动了这种变化。)”说明所有其他因素也可能推动这些解剖变化，选项E“但是很难证明气候变化是解剖结构变化的原因。”说明只靠气候变化这一因素难以证明解剖结构变化。上下文通顺合理。故选E项。 14．下文“Researchers have already seen changes in the geographical range of many species, from insects to fish. Another evolutionary rule-of-thumb, Bergmann’s rule, holds that animals in hotter places tend to have smaller bodies, another way to boost the ratio between surface area and volume. Other animals may alter their behaviour as well as their bodies, such as by seeking shelter at hot times of the day. (研究人员已经发现，从昆虫到鱼类，许多物种的地理范围都发生了变化。另一个进化的经验法则，伯格曼法则，认为在更热的地方的动物往往有更小的身体，这是另一种提高表面积和体积比率的方法。其他动物可能会改变它们的行为和它们的身体，比如通过在一天的炎热时间寻求庇护。)”讲述了另外的一些适应方式，选项A“还有其他的适应方式。”位于段首，概括说明本段介绍其他的适应方式。上下文通顺合理。故选A项。 15．上文“But it seems clear that the world of the future is not just going to be hotter than humans are used to. (但很显然，未来的世界不仅仅会比人类习惯的更热。)”说明在未来的世界里，人类要面对许多气候变化问题，选项B“生活在里面的动物看起来也会不一样。”承接上文，说明，对比人类，生活在未来世界的动物也会发生变化。故选B项。 主题01 人与社会——人际关系与社会发展 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·吉林白山·期中） In the past decade, the traditional office has undergone a quiet revolution. 1 These dynamic environments are more than just desks and Wi-Fi; they represent a cultural shift in how people view work, community, and productivity. The concept appeared in the early 2000s as a response to firm office structures and the growing number of remote workers. 2 Today, spaces like WeWork, Impact Hub, and local independents cater to diverse users: a graphic designer sketching in a sunny corner, a startup team brainstorming in a glass-walled meeting room, or a student studying for exams. The appeal lies in both practicality and community. For freelancers and small businesses, shared spaces cut costs by removing long-term rents and providing services like printers, coffee bars, and event spaces. 3 Working alone at home can feel lonely, whereas shared workplaces foster casual interactions. A 2022 survey found that 84% of users felt more motivated working alongside others. As tech entrepreneur Maria Lopez notes, “Here, a chat over coffee might lead to a project partnership. It’s networking without pressure.” Shared workplaces flourish diversity. A mix of industries, ages, and backgrounds creates a melting pot of ideas. Many spaces host workshops, networking nights, or skill-sharing sessions to encourage collaboration. In Berlin’s Betahaus, for example, app developers regularly team up with artists to design interactive exhibits. This cross-pollination mirrors the modern economy’s demand for interdisciplinary (跨学科) thinking. 4 However, shared workplaces aren’t perfect. Open layouts can be distracting for those needing deep focus. Noise levels, desk shortages during peak hours, and the lack of personal space are common complaints. Critics also argue that while these spaces promote “community,” relationships often stay superficial (浅的). 5 By prioritizing flexibility and human interaction, they’ re reshaping not only offices but our very definition of a “workplace.” A．But beyond economics, these spaces fight isolation. B．What makes them choose shared workplace is need for flexibility. C．Shared workplaces — also known as co-working spaces —— have ballooned in popularity. D．Shared workplaces remind us that work isn’t just about where we go but how we connect. E．As work becomes more project-based, the ability to connect with diverse talents becomes invaluable. F．Additionally, shared workplaces also raises questions about job stability and long-term sustainability. G．Unlike traditional offices, shared workplaces offer pay-as-you-go memberships and environments tailored to creativity. 【答案】1．C 2．G 3．A 4．E 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新型的办公方式“共享工位”的兴起。共享工位这一概念源于远程办公和共享经济的发展。在共享工位中，不同的人可以共用一个办公场所，而不是每个人都有自己的独立办公室。这样的工作方式更加灵活，也可以节省成本，等等。 1．由上文“In the past decade, the traditional office has undergone a quiet revolution.(在过去十年中，传统办公室经历了一场悄然的革命)”可知，此处需引出革命的具体表现 —— 共享工作空间的兴起。C项Shared workplaces — also known as co-working spaces — have ballooned in popularity.(共享工作空间 —— 也称为联合办公空间 —— 已迅速流行起来)中“ballooned in popularity”呼应“quiet revolution”，明确说明传统办公室的变化趋势，且通过同位语解释术语，与后文“These dynamic environments are more than just desks and Wi-Fi(这些动态环境不仅仅是桌子和Wi-Fi)”形成“概念引入→特征描述”的逻辑衔接。故选C项。 2．由上文“The concept appeared in the early 2000s as a response to firm office structures and the growing number of remote workers.(该概念于21世纪初出现，是对固定办公结构和远程工作者数量增长的回应)”及下文“Today, spaces like WeWork, Impact Hub, and local independents cater to diverse users(如今，WeWork、Impact Hub和当地独立机构等空间迎合了不同的用户)”可知，此处需对比说明共享工作空间的特点。G项Unlike traditional offices, shared workplaces offer pay-as-you-go memberships and environments tailored to creativity.(与传统办公室不同，共享工作空间提供即付即用的会员资格和专为创造力定制的环境)通过“Unlike traditional offices”形成对比，“pay-as-you-go memberships”和“tailored to creativity”具体阐述其灵活性与创新性，既承接前文“对固定结构的回应”，又为后文“多样用户”做铺垫。故选G项。 3．由上文“For freelancers and small businesses, shared spaces cut costs by removing long-term rents and providing services like printers, coffee bars, and event spaces.(对于自由职业者和小型企业来说，共享空间通过取消长期租金和提供打印机、咖啡馆和活动空间等服务来降低成本)”及下文“Working alone at home can feel lonely, whereas shared workplaces foster casual interactions.(独自在家工作可能感到孤独，而共享工作场所促进随意互动)”可知，此处需转折引出共享空间的社交价值。A项But beyond economics, these spaces fight isolation.(但除了经济因素，这些空间还能对抗孤独)中“But beyond economics”转折，从“成本优势”过渡到“社交意义”，“fight isolation”对应后文“lonely”和“foster interactions”，形成“经济优势→社交价值”的递进逻辑。故选A项。 4．由上文“This cross-pollination mirrors the modern economy’s demand for interdisciplinary thinking.(这种思想交融反映了现代经济对跨学科思维的需求)”可知，此处需强调跨学科合作的重要性。E项As work becomes more project-based, the ability to connect with diverse talents becomes invaluable.(随着工作变得更基于项目，与多样化人才建立联系的能力变得无价) 中“diverse talents”呼应“cross-pollination”和“interdisciplinary thinking”，“project-based”衔接前文“team up with artists”的案例，说明共享空间如何满足现代经济需求，形成“现象→意义” 的阐释关系。故选E项。 5．由下文“By prioritizing flexibility and human interaction, they’re reshaping not only offices but our very definition of a ‘workplace.’(通过优先考虑灵活性和人际互动，它们不仅在重塑办公室，还在重塑我们对‘工作场所’的定义)”可知，此处需总结共享工作空间的核心价值。D项Shared workplaces remind us that work isn’t just about where we go but how we connect.(共享工作空间提醒我们，工作不仅关乎我们去哪里，还关乎我们如何连接)中“how we connect”对应“human interaction”，“where we go”对应“workplace definition”，通过对比句式提炼共享空间的本质，与后文“reshaping definition”形成“总结→延伸”的逻辑闭环。故选D项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·山西晋中·期中） The relationship between sports and arts is evident. There are many striking similarities between them. As an art enthusiast, I notice people’ s narrow view of creativity — limiting arts to mere drawing is unreasonable. Arts go beyond this, requiring skill and imagination to express ideas. 6 . Indoor games like chess engage the body and the mind. Arts and sports are, therefore, birds of a feather, and they ought to flock (聚集) together. The following is something that you may want to know. 7 . Athletes’ discipline enhances artistic effectiveness— few would run 90 minutes for fun, yet passion drives such commitment. This determined spirit mirrors artistic mastery. Just as athletes push their limits to achieve peak performance, artists can channel the same drive into refining their techniques and expanding their creative horizons. The competitive nature of sports fosters a sense of resilience (韧性). Artists who engage in sports learn to deal with failure and setbacks, enabling them to approach their craft with a more determined and positive mindset. 8 . Participating in team sports also teaches valuable lessons in cooperation and communication. 9 , such as theater performances or gallery showcases. Such skills connect personal creativity with teamwork. They balance ideas and roles, allowing each artist to express their style. The dedication and passion developed through sports can significantly enhance artistic abilities. 10 . And that leads to the growth of a more well-rounded and accomplished artist. A．Similarly, sports aren’t just field events B．Sports enhance passion for always fighting for the best C．Sports improve artistic technique through physical strength D．Arts and focus always go hand in hand— the same for sports E．The commitment to excellence in one area naturally impacts the other F．These are very critical for artists frequently involved in group projects G．It helps them stay focused, adapt to challenges and improve their work 【答案】6．A 7．B 8．G 9．F 10．E 【导语】本文为说明文。文章主要讲述了体育与艺术之间的关系有助于培养韧性、创造力和成长，最终提升艺术能力，促进艺术家的全面发展。 6．根据上文“The relationship between sports and arts is evident. There are many striking similarities between them. As an art enthusiast, I notice people’ s narrow view of creativity — limiting arts to mere drawing is unreasonable. Arts go beyond this, requiring skill and imagination to express ideas.(体育和艺术之间的关系是显而易见的。他们之间有许多惊人的相似之处。作为一个艺术爱好者，我注意到人们对创造力的狭隘看法——把艺术仅仅局限于绘画是不合理的。艺术超越了这一点，它需要技巧和想象力来表达思想)”可知，此处提到艺术需要技艺和想象力去表达想法，并非仅限于绘画，而下文“Indoor games like chess engage the body and the mind.(像国际象棋这样的室内运动既能锻炼身体又能锻炼大脑)”则开始为体育举例，所以空处应是过渡句，A项“Similarly, sports aren’t just field events(同样，体育运动也不仅仅是田径项目)”承接前文，并引出下文。故选A项。 7．设空位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“Athletes’ discipline enhances artistic effectiveness — few would run 90 minutes for fun, yet passion drives such commitment. This determined spirit mirrors artistic mastery. Just as athletes push their limits to achieve peak performance, artists can channel the same drive into refining their techniques and expanding their creative horizons.(动员的纪律提高了艺术效果——很少有人会为了好玩而跑90分钟，但激情驱使着这种投入。这种坚定的精神反映了艺术的高超。就像运动员突破自己的极限以达到最佳表现一样，艺术家也可以将同样的动力用于改进他们的技术和扩大他们的创作视野)”可知，本段主要讲述了激情驱使着运动员追求卓越，所以B项“Sports enhance passion for always fighting for the best(体育运动增强了人们追求最佳状态的激情)”符合本段主题，为本段中心句。故选B项。 8．设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“The competitive nature of sports fosters a sense of resilience (韧性). Artists who engage in sports learn to deal with failure and setbacks, enabling them to approach their craft with a more determined and positive mindset.(体育运动的竞争性培养了一种适应力。从事体育运动的艺术家学会处理失败和挫折，使他们能够以更坚定和积极的心态接近他们的工艺)”可知，体育运动的竞争性有许多优势，G项“It helps them stay focused, adapt to challenges and improve their work(这有助于他们保持专注，适应挑战并改进他们的工作)”是对前文的总结，其中“It”指代前文“a more determined and positive mindset”，符合文意。故选G项。 9．根据前文“Participating in team sports also teaches valuable lessons in cooperation and communication.(参加团队运动也教会了合作和沟通的宝贵经验)”可知，本段主要讲述参加团队运动可以提高艺术家的合作和沟通的能力，所以F项“These are very critical for artists frequently involved in group projects(这些对于经常参与团体项目的艺术家来说是非常重要的)”符合本段主题，强调其重要性，后文“such as theater performances or gallery showcases.(比如戏剧表演或画廊展示)”是对此的举例，符合文意。故选F项。 10．根据上文的“The dedication and passion developed through sports can significantly enhance artistic abilities.(通过运动培养的奉献精神和激情可以显著提高艺术能力)”可知，通过运动培养的奉献精神和激情可以显著提高艺术能力，这里在说运动对艺术的影响，选项 E“The commitment to excellence in one area naturally impacts the other(在一个领域追求卓越的投入自然会影响到另一个领域)”进一步说明了这种相互影响的关系，承接上文。故选E项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·江苏扬州·期中） Will AI Replace Teachers? The AI teacher is also known as the mechanical teacher. 11 It’s a computer or machine that can teach a student according to the level it’s programmed to teach. While the thought of a reliable computer teaching your child might seem promising, AI cannot adapt its teaching to its students during mid-lesson or read its students’ emotions as a human teacher can. 12 It also cannot inspire its students as a human teacher can. The biggest benefit of the human teacher is that he or she gives students human connections they need. There are some who believe that teachers will be completely replaced by robots by the year 2027. Human teachers do carry with them some disadvantages. Some teachers can be of poor character. Others can have a compromising character or not be as knowledgeable about particular subjects as they should be. 13 If you ask anyone the top qualities of a good teacher, AI cannot meet these standards. They include friendly attitude, listening skills, respectful attitude, strong work ethic, patience, discipline skills, and so forth. AI cannot replace teachers. 14 Students long for the student-teacher bond, cooperation, and love. 15 It makes the human teacher’s job easier and helps him or her to be more efficient. This added efficiency allows him or her the time he or she needs to work more one-on-one with students to provide more adaptability and understanding for them. The two things are what an AI teacher would struggle to provide. A．It is exactly what it sounds like. B．AI cannot give a child what he or she needs. C．However, this does not mean that AI is not necessary. D．Frankly speaking, students have their own disadvantages too. E．Luckily, the good news is that AI shows more respect for teachers. F．These drawbacks can be corrected, though, through proper monitoring. G．It fails to simplify problems students have unless it’s programmed to do so. 【答案】11．A 12．G 13．F 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述AI无法取代人类教师的情感联结与适应性，但可作为教学辅助工具。 11．根据上文“The AI teacher is also known as the mechanical teacher. (人工智能老师也被称为机械老师。)”及下文“It’s a computer or machine that can teach a student according to the level it’s programmed to teach. (它是一种计算机或机器，可以根据其编程的教学水平来教授学生。)”可知，后文是对前句“mechanical teacher”的具体解释，因此划线部分要自然引出定义，选项A“It is exactly what it sounds like (听起来就是这样。)”承接上文，引出下文，符合逻辑。故选A。 12．上文“While the thought of a reliable computer teaching your child might seem promising, AI cannot adapt its teaching to its students during mid-lesson or read its students’ emotions as a human teacher can. (虽然让一台可靠的电脑教你的孩子听起来很有前途，但人工智能无法在上课过程中根据学生的情况调整教学，也无法像人类老师那样读懂的情绪。)”指出人工智能无法在上课过程中根据学生的情况调整教学，也无法像人类老师那样读懂的情绪，这是人工智能的缺陷，空处承接上文，也应是指出其缺陷，G项“它无法简化学生的问题，除非编程让它这样做。”符合语境，也会是在陈述人工智能的缺陷，故选G。 13．根据上文“Some teachers can be of poor character. Others can have a compromising character or not be as knowledgeable about particular subjects as they should be. (有些教师的品德可能很差。其他人可能会有妥协的性格，或者对特定的主题没有足够的了解。)”可知，前文列举人类教师的缺点（品德或知识不足），下段“If you ask anyone the top qualities of a good teacher, AI cannot meet these standards. They include friendly attitude, listening skills, respectful attitude, strong work ethic, patience, discipline skills, and so forth. AI cannot replace teachers.(如果你问任何人优秀教师的首要品质，人工智能是无法达到这些标准的。这些品质包括友好的态度、倾听的技巧、尊重、强烈的工作伦理、耐心、纪律技巧等等。人工智能无法取代教师。)”指出人工智能无法取代老师，所以空处应该指出相比于人工智能，人类的这些缺点是可以纠正的，划线部分要针对这些确定提出解决方案。选项F“These drawbacks can be corrected, though, through proper monitoring. (不过，这些缺点可以通过适当的监控加以纠正。)” 提出解决方案，转折合理。故选F。 14．上文“If you ask anyone the top qualities of a good teacher, AI cannot meet these standards. They include friendly attitude, listening skills, respectful attitude, strong work ethic, patience, discipline skills, and so forth. AI cannot replace teachers.(如果你问任何人优秀教师的首要品质，人工智能是无法达到这些标准的。这些品质包括友好的态度、倾听的技巧、尊重、强烈的工作伦理、耐心、纪律技巧等等。人工智能无法取代教师。)”强调人类教师的优秀品质（友好、耐心等）是AI无法满足的，下文“Students long for the student-teacher bond, cooperation, and love.(学生渴望师生之间的纽带、合作和爱)”提到“学生渴望师生关系”，B项“人工智能无法给予孩子他或她所需要的东西。”总结AI的不足，呼应后文“学生需求”，解释了人工智能不能取代教师的原因。故选B。 15．根据下文“It makes the human teacher’s job easier and helps him or her to be more efficient. This added efficiency allows him or her the time he or she needs to work more one-on-one with students to provide more adaptability and understanding for them. (它使人类教师的工作更容易，并帮助他或她更有效率。这种增加的效率使他或她有更多的时间与学生进行一对一的工作，为他们提供更多的适应性和理解。)”可知，下文在讨论利用AI的辅助作用来提高效率，与上一段AI的局限性形成对照，因此划线处起到承上启下的作用，选项C“However, this does not mean that AI is not necessary (然而，这并不意味着人工智能是不必要的)”引出AI的积极意义，符合逻辑。故选C。 主题02 人与自我——个人成长与学习策略 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中） The AGES Model of learning enables people to learn quickly, and keep information for the long term. It focuses on four key elements: Attention, Generation, Emotion, and Spacing. Here's what it's all about. Attention Learning takes place when we activate a brain region known as the hippocampus. This occurs when we focus on one topic, without distractions. 1 , we're likely to deactivate the hippocampus and reduce how much learning takes place. In short, attention matters because it's how our brain knows what we're trying to learn in the first place. Generation 2 . Research shows we can't just absorb information passively; we must take an active, creative role. This stems from (源于) how the brain stores memory, as the hippocampus acts more like a web. The thicker the web of memories, the stronger each individual memory becomes. As learners, we help strengthen that web when we actively create-or generate-those connections. 3 . Emotion Emotions play a double role in learning. 4 . And second, emotions activate a brain region called the amygdala, which seems to remind the hippocampus that the material is important and worth encoding (编码) as memory. Spacing Scientists have long found that the brain really creates long-term memories through a spacing approach. Therefore, it's better to introduce concepts at a stable rate and wait some time before recalling that information. Of course, researchers can't say whether we should space lessons by an hour or a week, but they do agree that some spacing is always better than no spacing. 5 . A．When we multi-task or let our minds wander B．If we can keep ourselves from all kinds of distractions C．The second component involves how we engage with the material D．First, they’ve been found to increase our attention to a given topic E．First, positive learning emotions include interest, curiosity, wonder and joy F．How often you space may be more of a practical matter within your organization G．One way to do that is by relating the new material to our existing web of knowledge 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．G 4．D 5．F 【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了AGES学习模型，这个模型帮助人们快速学习并长时间记住信息。AGES模型强调注意力、生成、情感和间隔这四个关键要素。通过这些要素，学习得以有效进行和巩固。 1．上文提到“Learning takes place when we activate a brain region known as the hippocampus. This occurs when we focus on one topic, without distractions.(当我们激活被称为海马体的大脑区域时，学习就发生了。当我们专注于一个话题，没有分心时，就会发生这种情况。)”，说明了什么时候学习会发生，空格处承上启下，选项A“当我们多任务处理或让我们的思维游荡时”与上文形成对比，并引出下文内容“we're likely to deactivate the hippocampus and reduce how much learning takes place.(我们可能会使海马体失活，减少学习的进行。)”，下文说的是当我们不能集中注意力时的情况，和选项A语意衔接紧密。故选A。 2．下文提到“Research shows we can't just absorb information passively; we must take an active, creative role.(研究表明，我们不能只是被动地吸收信息；我们必须发挥积极、创造性的作用。)”，说明了我们应该如何对待信息，C项“第二个组成部分涉及我们如何处理材料”可以很好地引出接下来的内容，即我们需要采取积极、创造性的作用来加强记忆网络。故选C。 3．上文“As learners, we help strengthen that web when we actively create-or generate-those connections.(作为学习者，当我们积极创建或生成这些连接时，我们有助于加强网络。)”说明作为学习者，我们要积极创建或生成网络连接，G项“一种方法是将新材料与我们现有的知识网络联系起来”提供了这样一个具体的例子，说明了如何生成新的记忆连接。故选G。 4．上文“Emotions play a double role in learning.(情绪在学习中起着双重作用。)提到了情绪的双重作用。D项“首先，情感已被发现可以增加我们对某一特定主题的关注”符合情感的第一个作用，紧接着下文“And second, emotions activate a brain region called the amygdala, which seems to remind the hippocampus that the material is important and worth encoding (编码) as memory.(其次，情绪会激活一个名为杏仁核的大脑区域，这似乎提醒海马体，这种物质很重要，值得编码为记忆。)”提到了情感的第二个作用，且选项D中的“First”和下文的“second”衔接紧密。故选D。 5．上文“Of course, researchers can't say whether we should space lessons by an hour or a week, but they do agree that some spacing is always better than no spacing.(当然，研究人员不能说我们应该把课程间隔一小时还是一周，但他们确实同意，有一定间隔总比没有间隔好。)”说明，研究人员对于课程间隔时间不能确定，但是他们同意有一定的间隔总比没有间隔好，F项“在你的组织内，你的空间可能更像是一个实际问题”说明你多久间隔一次可能更多是你组织内部的一个实际问题，符合语境，故选F。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·北京·期中）In recent years, research has confirmed that providing students with meaningful feedback can greatly improve their learning and achievement. 6 It can even be counterproductive (适得其反的), especially if it’s presented in an only negative or corrective way. To some degree, it is easier for the teacher and the student to receive a simple grade on an assignment (作业). 7 It tells a student whether he has met the expectations of the assignment, and it creates a simple way for a teacher to assess a student’s work. However, once the grade is on the paper, it pretty much becomes the only thing that matters. 8 Whatever work might have been done on the test is outweighed by the overall low performance. 9 Many educational professors suggest a feedback-oriented (反馈导向的) learning system. In the classroom, this system can shift the focus of the students from their final grades to mastery of the material itself. Feedback is commentary on the student work, individualized to best consider the needs of each student, personally. A feedback-oriented learning system is something that every student can benefit from, whether it is offered verbally, or through the traditional written words. 10 Those students are typically not challenged as much as they should be. While they still may earn an “A”, it is helpful to know what they could be doing to improve their work even further — another learning challenge to engage, and push them forward. A．A grade is clear. B．Be as specific as possible. C．Even “A” students benefit. D．But not all feedback is equally effective. E．Less advantaged learners can also benefit. F．So how can we make students learn effectively from feedback? G．Students are hardly interested in hearing what they did well when they see a low grade. 【答案】6．D 7．A 8．G 9．F 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了有意义的反馈在学生学习和成就提升中的重要性，以及与单纯评分相比的优势。 6．上文“In recent years, research has confirmed that providing students with meaningful feedback can greatly improve their learning and achievement.(近年来，研究证实，向学生提供有意义的反馈可以极大地提高他们的学习效果和成绩)”说明有意义的反馈可以提高学生的学习和成就，但并不是所有的反馈都是有效的，空格处承上启下，D项“But not all feedback is equally effective.”与上文一致，说明并不是所有的反馈都是有效的。故选D。 7．上文“To some degree, it is easier for the teacher and the student to receive a simple grade on an assignment.(在某种程度上，教师和学生都更容易接受作业上的一个简单分数)”说明给作业打分对老师和学生来说更简单，空格处承接上文，A项“A grade is clear.”说明分数是明确的，与上文一致。故选A。 8．上文“However, once the grade is on the paper, it pretty much becomes the only thing that matters.(然而，一旦分数写在了纸上，它几乎就成了唯一重要的事情)”，说明一旦分数写在纸上，它几乎就成了唯一重要的东西，空格处承接上文。G项“Students are hardly interested in hearing what they did well when they see a low grade.”说明学生在看到低分时几乎不关心他们做得好的地方，与上文一致，符合语境。故选G。 9．下文“Many educational professors suggest a feedback-oriented (反馈导向的) learning system.(许多教育学教授建议采用一种反馈导向的学习系统)”说明许多教育学教授建议采用反馈导向的学习系统，空格处承接上文，F项“So how can we make students learn effectively from feedback?”说明如何让学生有效地从反馈中学习，与上文一致，符合语境。故选F。 10．上文“A feedback-oriented learning system is something that every student can benefit from, whether it is offered verbally, or through the traditional written words.(反馈导向的学习系统是每位学生都能从中受益的，无论是通过口头还是传统的书面形式提供)”说明反馈导向的学习系统对每个学生都有好处，空格处承接上文，C项“Even “A” students benefit.”说明即使是“A”学生也能受益，与上文一致，符合语境。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·河南三门峡·期中） What many of us have heard is that it takes 21 days to form a habit in our lifestyle.Unfortunately, a study revealed that the true number is around 66 days, or over 2 months. 11 Here are some key tips to help you make continuous learning a habit in your life. Start small. Make sure that you can reasonably complete the tasks that you set for yourself .They don’t have to be large tasks. It might just be to read one article per day on a particular topic or cook 3 new dishes per week. You are more likely to continue with lifelong learning if you succeed in completing your goals. 12 Change and adjust. If something that you have arranged isn't working for you, you can change it. 13 For example, if you are assigned a task that doesn't seem to be helping you achieve your goals or is too difficult for you, change the task to something that is more suitable. 14 Friends that also participate in lifelong learning can motivate you, create a strong support system and make learning more enjoyable. You can learn new skills together, play games in order to learn or begin a new project as a group. Make learning a priority (优先事项) 15 So the desire has to come from within. Once you decide you want to make constant learning a habit, it is up to you to make it a priority in your life. Set learning goals, make a plan, and take action to keep yourself moving. A．Surround yourself with other lifelong learners. B．Find jobs that encourage learning. C．This doesn't mean you should give up. D．Few external forces are going to persuade you to learn. E．You are in charge of your own learning experience. F．If you fall behind, you may lose motivation. G．So leave the TV, your phone and your dog in a separate room. 【答案】11．C 12．F 13．E 14．A 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍如何养成良好的习惯。 11．根据上文“Unfortunately, a study revealed that the true number is around 66 days, or over 2 months.（不幸的是，一项研究显示，真实的数字是66天左右，或2个多月。）”说明养成习惯需要时间漫长，以及空后的“Here are some key tips to help you make continuous learning a habit in your life.（这里有一些重要方法，可帮助您将持续学习变成生活中的习惯。）”，故C项“This doesn't mean you should give up.（这并不意味着你应该放弃。）”承上启下，可知，虽然习惯养成漫长，但不要放弃，符合语境。故选C。 12．根据下文“You are more likely to continue with lifelong learning if you succeed in completing your goals.（如果您成功完成自己的目标，您就更有可能继续终身学习。）”F项“If you fall behind, you may lose motivation.（如果落后，你可能会失去动力。）”符合语境，上下午文表示相反的情况。故选F。 13．根据上文“If something that you have arranged isn’t working for you, you can change it. （如果您安排的事情不适合您，您可以更改它。）”强调了你可以采取改变的措施，以及空后的“For example, if you are assigned a task that doesn't seem to be helping you achieve your goals or is too difficult for you, change the task to something that is more suitable.（例如，如果您被分配了一项任务，而它似乎没有帮助您实现目标，或者对您来说太难，请将该任务更改为更合适的任务。）”可知，你可以调整任务因为你负责自己的学习。故E项“You are in charge of your own learning experience.（你负责自己的学习经历。）”符合语境。故选E。 14．设空处是本段的主题句，根据下文“Friends that also participate in lifelong learning can motivate you, create a strong support system and make learning more enjoyable. You can learn new skills together, play games in order to learn or begin a new project as a group.（参与终身学习的朋友可以激励你，建立强大的支持系统，让学习变得更有趣。你们可以一起学习新技能，玩游戏来学习，或者作为一个团队开始一个新项目。）”可知，本段列举了多和终身学习的人在一起的好处，建议多和终身学习的人在一起，故A项“Surround yourself with other lifelong learners. （与其他终身学习者在一起。）”符合语境。故选A。 15．根据下文“So the desire has to come from within（所以愿望必须来自内心）”可知，想学习的愿望来自内心不是外力的说服，故D项“Few external forces are going to persuade you to learn.（很少有外力能够说服你学习。）”符合语境。故选D。 主题03 人与自然——环境保护与可持续发展 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·山东青岛·期中） More than 40 percent of Antarctica’s ice shelves have reduced in the past 25 years, potentially accelerating sea level rise by allowing more landice to flow into the ocean. 1 They play a critical role in slowing the flow of ice on land into the ocean by essentially acting as a wall and surround nearly the entire coastline of Antarctica. When ice shelves thin or retreat(消退), ice on the land can flow into the ocean more quickly and accelerate sea level rise. Healthy ice shelves naturally retreat and grow over time. An ice shelf is continuously flowing and advancing but will also lose mass through melting or calving, which is when its front breaks off into the ocean. 2 But the large portion of steadily shrinking ice shelves shows this natural cycle is off. In West Antarctica, the Getz Ice Shelf experienced some of the biggest ice losses, shedding 1.9 trillion tons of ice over the study period. Most ice shelves in East Antarctica however, increased in volume or stayed the same. 3 Region is protected by a band of cold water at the coast, which helps keep nearby warm water at bay. Even so, the study still showed pockets of shrinking ice shelves, and researchers are still investigating the reasons. 4 The current ice shelf data set is not long enough for researchers to definitively make climate change connection yet, but it would be a ” remarkable coincidence if the natural variability in ice shelves were just that much larger. 5 But we don’t need to hit it before seeing an effect on the planet. A．Then it can gain ice from the land and grow again B．Ice shelves are massive floating sections of ice extending from glaciers on land. C．The east is not as exposed to the warm water like the other side of the continent. D．The thinning of the ice shelves has shown up in the surrounding environment, too. E．Ice shelves not just the big ones, are. steadily losing mass over time with no sign of recovery F．One theory is that the warmer water on the western side could be slowly coming in the region. G．Additionally, climate models predict ice shelves will steadily shrink in a warming world as observed, eventually hitting a tipping point for ice sheet collapse. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．F 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在过去的25年里，南极洲40%以上的冰架已经减少，这可能会使更多的陆地冰流入海洋，从而加速海平面上升。文章还介绍了这一现象的原因可能和气候变化有关。 1．下文“They play a critical role in slowing the flow of ice on land into the ocean by essentially acting as a wall and surround nearly the entire coastline of Antarctica.When ice shelves thin or retreat(消退), ice on the land can flow into the ocean more quickly and accelerate sea level rise. (它们在减缓陆地上的冰流入海洋方面发挥着关键作用，基本上起到了一堵墙的作用，几乎包围了南极洲的整个海岸线。它们在减缓陆地上的冰流入海洋方面发挥着关键作用，基本上就像一面墙，环绕着南极洲几乎整个海岸线。当冰架变薄或消退时，陆地上的冰可以更快地流入海洋，加速海平面上升)”说明了南极冰架的作用。空出引出下文，介绍什么是南极冰架。B项中的“Ice shelves”是下文They所指代的对象，说明冰架是从陆地冰川延伸出来的巨大漂浮冰块，他们起着重要的作用。故选B。 2．上文“Healthy ice shelves naturally retreat and grow over time. An ice shelf is continuously flowing and advancing but will also lose mass through melting or calving, which is when its front breaks off into the ocean.(健康的冰架会随着时间的推移自然后退和增长。冰架在不断地流动和前进，但也会因融化或崩解而失去质量，而崩解是冰架前缘断裂进入海洋的时候)”说明冰架是可以自然的消退和增长的。空处承接上文，表明冰架会融化或崩解，也会再次生长。A项中的“gain ice from the land and grow again”和前文“naturally retreat and grow over time”相呼应。A项“然后它可以获取冰，然后再次生长”符合语境。故选A。 3．上文“Most ice shelves in East Antarctica however, increased in volume or stayed the same. (然而，南极东部大部分冰架的体积都在增加或保持不变)”以及下文“Region is protected by a band of cold water at the coast, which helps keep nearby warm water at bay. (这片区域受到海岸的一股冷水的保护，这有助于防止附近的温水进入)”说明南极东部大部分冰架的体积都在增加或保持不变是因为附近的温水没有进入。空处承接前文，说明南极东部大部分冰架的体积都在增加或保持不变的原因。C项“东部不像大陆的另一边那样暴露在温暖的海水中。”符合语境。故选C。 4．上文“Even so, the study still showed pockets of shrinking ice shelves, and researchers are still investigating the reasons. (即便如此，这项研究仍然显示了冰架缩小的区域，研究人员仍在调查原因)”说明研究人员在调查该区域冰架缩小的原因。空处承接上文，F项中的One theory 和前文的“investigating the reasons”相呼应，表明调查的一个原因可能是西区的暖水可能正慢慢进入该地区。故选F。 5．上文“The current ice shelf data set is not long enough for researchers to definitively make climate change connection yet, but it would be a ” remarkable coincidence if the natural variability in ice shelves were just that much larger. (目前的冰架数据集还不足以让研究人员明确地将气候变化联系起来，但如果冰架的自然变异性大得多，这将是一个“惊人的巧合”)”说明虽然数据还不足以明确的将冰架减少和气候变化联系起来，但是因为冰架的变化非常大，所以还是推测和气候变化有关。空处进一步表明这一观点。G项中的Additionally和前文是递进关系，表明人类也在气候模型的帮助下推测处气候变暖让冰架不断减少，最终会达到冰盖崩塌的临界点。G项“此外，气候模型预测，在观察到的全球变暖的情况下，冰架将稳步缩小，最终达到冰盖崩塌的临界点。”符合语境。故选G。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·河北沧州·期中） Fig trees are native to Europe around the Mediterranean Sea, Asia and Arica, but they can grow in much cooler climates. Once big enough, fig trees can accept temperatures even a few degrees below freezing. Some kinds of fig trees do better in such environments than others. Depending on the weather and pruning (修剪), a fig can grow into a bush or a tee. Bushes with several stems (茎) growing from the ground do best if covered for the winter. 6 Either way, wait until the trees have dropped most of their leaves. One popular method for burying trees for their protection involves digging a narrow, shallow area. 7 The space should be about 30 centimeters deep, 60 centimeters wide and as long as the height of the tree. To prepare the tree, gather its branches and tie them together with soft rope. Next, push a shovel (铲子) into the soil about a half-meter from the trunk (树干) on the side opposite the hole. Lift that side of the tree’s root ball out of the ground. Then, gently push the tree toward the hole. 8 Pack soil around the exposed side of the roots, and around the length of the tree. Load soil over the tree. Make it at least 30 centimeters deep. You will need more soil than you removed from digging. 9 In this case, you should work upwards from the bottom and put cloth around the tree. Then put heavy brown paper around the cloth and tie it into place. Remove some soil from around the base of the tree. Place a large piece of cardboard into the space. 10 Tie the cardboard into place. A．And in this area the tree can be laid. B．All kinds of the trees could use protection. C．You can also cover, or wrap, the tree instead. D．And bend it around the bottom part of the tree. E．When it is lying fat, cover the tree with plastic. F．Trees with a single trunk can be buried or covered. G．Remove the cover on the tee on a cloudy day in early spring. 【答案】6．F 7．A 8．E 9．C 10．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了无花果树可以在寒冷的气候下生长。 6．根据空格前句“Bushes with several stems (茎) growing from the ground do best if covered for the winter. (从地面长出几根茎的灌木如果覆盖过冬，效果最好)”可知，这里指的是对有几根茎的灌木的对待方式。由此可知，F选项的“Trees with a single trunk can be buried or covered.(只有一个树干的树木可以被掩埋或覆盖)”指的是只有一个树干的树木的处理方式，与前句并列。故选F。 7．根据空格前句“One popular method for burying trees for their protection involves digging a narrow, shallow area. (一种为保护树木而掩埋树木的流行方法是挖一个狭窄而浅的区域)”可知，这里提到了挖一个狭窄而浅的区域。由此可知，A选项的“And in this area the tree can be laid. (在这个区域可以铺设树木)”刚好指出这个区域的用途，语义顺承。故选A。 8．根据空格前句“Then, gently push the tree toward the hole. (然后，轻轻地把树往洞里推)”可知，这里指的是对树的操作。由此可知，E选项的“When it is lying fat, cover the tree with plastic.(把树平放好后，用塑料盖住树)”与前句语义存在顺承关系。故选E。 9．根据空格后句“In this case, you should work upwards from the bottom and put cloth around the tree.(在这种情况下，你应该从底部向上工作，并在树周围布上布)”可知，这里指的是包裹树的动作，C选项的“You can also cover, or wrap, the tree instead. (你也可以覆盖或包裹这棵树)”与后句语义相呼应。故选C。 10．根据空格前句“Remove some soil from around the base of the tree. Place a large piece of cardboard into the space. (从树基周围清除一些泥土。在这个空间里放一大块纸板)”以及后句“Tie the cardboard into place. (把硬纸板扎好)”可知，这里指的是对硬纸板的操作。由此可知，D选项的“And bend it around the bottom part of the tree.(把它弯曲到树的底部)”刚好承接前后句语义。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·山西吕梁·期中） How do you feel about bees? Do you get annoyed when they fly around you and do you fear their mission is just to sting (叮) you? 11 Without them, we might starve (饿死). Bees deserve some respect. They give us honey, and they play their part either pollinating (授粉) the many vegetables and fruits we eat directly or pollinating the food for the animals that we then consume. 12 That’s not all — a study in the UK, found bees and other pollinating insects have a global economic value of around £120bn ($150bn) and contribute around £690m ($850m) to the UK economy every year. So, bees are worth protecting. 13 But experts say we should be taking care of all our bees. Researchers say conservation efforts should be aimed at a wide number of species — even those that currently contribute little to crop pollination — in order to maintain biodiversity and ensure future food security. 14 It’s something we should be worried about because, as Gill Perkins, chief executive of the Bumblebee Conservation Trust, said, “They provide a whole ecosystem service.” The recent lockdowns caused by the coronavirus pandemic (流行病) seem to have given bee populations a little boost because they faced less human disturbance, traffic and polluting fumes. Conservationists hope, going forward, people will appreciate bees more and encourage them to do well as they reconnect with nature. Gill Perkins says, “They are beginning to realise how their mental health and wellbeing is supported by nature — particularly by bumblebees (大黄蜂), which are so beautiful and buzzy.” 15 A．A small number of bee species are essential for crops such as apples and strawberries. B．The bees busied themselves at making honey. C．So, it really seems time to give bees a second chance. D．In fact, they are the world’s most important pollinators. E．The words remind people of this saying “honey is sweet but the bee stings”. F．Love them or dislike them, these little insects are extremely important creatures. G．Unfortunately, in recent times, bee populations have been declining due to pesticides, disease and habitat loss. 【答案】11．F 12．D 13．A 14．G 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了蜜蜂的作用和人们应该怎样对待蜜蜂。 11．上文“Do you get annoyed when they fly around you and do you fear their mission is just to sting (叮) you? (当它们在你身边飞来飞去的时候，你会生气吗?你会担心它们的任务只是为了叮你吗?)”提出我们对蜜蜂的误解，下文“Without them, we might starve (饿死).(没有它们，我们可能会挨饿)”介绍蜜蜂的重要性，上下文句意有转折关系，F项“Love them or dislike them, these little insects are extremely important creatures.(不管你喜不喜欢，这些小昆虫都是极其重要的生物)”承上启下，句中“Love them or dislike them”照应上文人们对蜜蜂的态度。故选F项。 12．上文“They give us honey, and they play their part either pollinating (授粉) the many vegetables and fruits we eat directly or pollinating the food for the animals that we then consume.(它们为我们提供蜂蜜，它们要么为我们直接食用的许多蔬菜和水果授粉，要么为我们食用的动物的食物授粉)”提出蜜蜂为植物授粉，D项“In fact, they are the world’s most important pollinators.(事实上，它们是世界上最重要的传粉者)”承接上文，介绍它们是世界上最重要的传粉者。上下文语意连贯。故选D项。 13．下文“But experts say we should be taking care of all our bees. (但专家表示，我们应该照顾好所有的蜜蜂)”特别强调要照顾好所有的蜜蜂，根据But可知，上下文有转折关系；A项“A small number of bee species are essential for crops such as apples and strawberries.(对于苹果和草莓等作物，少数种类的蜜蜂是非常重要的)”讲只有少数种类的蜜蜂是是非常重要，与下文构成转折关系。故选A项。 14．根据指代关系和下文“It’s something we should be worried about (这是我们应该担心的事情)”可知，上文应出现It指代对象，且是令人担心的事情，G项“Unfortunately, in recent times, bee populations have been declining due to pesticides, disease and habitat loss.(不幸的是，近年来，由于杀虫剂、疾病和栖息地的丧失，蜜蜂的数量一直在下降)”中“bee populations have been declining”即令人担心的事情，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 15．上文“They are beginning to realise how their mental health and wellbeing is supported by nature — particularly by bumblebees (他们开始意识到他们的心理健康和幸福是如何得到大自然的支持的——尤其是大黄蜂)”提出人们逐渐开始认识到蜜蜂的重要性，C项“So, it really seems time to give bees a second chance.(所以，似乎真的是时候再给蜜蜂一次机会了)”承接上文，既然蜜蜂重要，所以应该再给它们机会，让它们再次壮大起来，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $