专题06 七选五阅读 （期中真题汇编）高一英语上学期人教版

专题06 七选五阅读 主题01 人与自然——自然生态与环境保护 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·广东韶关·期中） What’s the secret to a healthy plant? Sunlight and water, of course. And, it turns out that another surprising factor, music, can help grow happy, healthy plants. According to a study published in Frontiers in Plant Science, music might promote the plants’ growth. 1 . The sound vibrations (振动) may speed up processes like nutrient transport that encourage healthier plants. Plants don’t hear sound like humans do, but they can feel vibrations from sound and respond positively to certain types of music. The sound vibrations from music are like wind or water. Plants hearing music grow faster, with larger blooms (花朵) and healthier leaves. How about singing? 2 . Which type of music do plants prefer? Playing heavy metal music increases plant growth, producing shorter plants with larger, more disease-resistant flowers. 3 . The loud energy of heavy metal proved most effective for blooms, suggesting an unexpected link between music and the plant’s health. Overall, findings seem to prove that plants prefer more rhythmic (有节奏的) music, especially heavy metal and classical music. Classical music seems to work wonders for keeping the holes on the outer skin of plants open longer, increasing air intake. Heavy metal appears to encourage even greater growth. 4 . It can depend on all sorts of situations like plant types, music styles, and environmental factors. Some critics add that more research with stricter controls needs to be done in order to establish a connection between music and plant growth. The improvements in plant health observed during these studies could also be caused by better plant care and attentive behavior from caretakers. Whether or not plants truly prefer music, adding music to your gardening life is of benefit. 5 . A．Obviously, the same is true of it B．Music and plants aren’t closely related C．Classical music slightly improved growth D．Choose the music that suits your plants best E．Turn up the Mozart and see if plants start growing well F．Even the type of music can have a different impact on plants G．However, understanding plants’ music preference can be difficult Passage 2 （24-25高一上·湖南永州·期中）What if we take a closer look at the food chains in a garden? 6 Or how, as we put it in another way, everything gardens. I began by looking at which larger predatory (捕食性的) creatures are in my garden. Some predators are at the tops of the food chains. Others, of course, can be both predators and prey (猎物). 7 Working out the place occupied by various wildlife in my garden comes next. With most creatures in the garden, including common pests (有害动物), the key to successfully living with them and preventing population explosions lies in understanding what they eat and what eats them, that is, their place within garden food chains. We also need to understand that there will never be just one food chain in operation. 8 Just think of the number of different things that will eat different insect species. Looking at who is eating what, when, and where in our gardens can help us not only understand our gardens better but also get them to function better and find our own place as a gardener within the systems. 9 While these creatures are sometimes considered pests, they are extremely beneficial to keep the ecosystem in balance. Seeing connections with an open mind can help a gardener understand nothing in the world works on its own. 10 A．Why should we work out what eats what in a garden? B．The interdependence between garden creatures is limited. C．Different creatures will compete over various forms of prey. D．We should always let nature do some of the gardening as well. E．Moles, for example, eat earthworms and are sometimes eaten by foxes. F．We may begin to truly understand how every creature shapes its environment. G．For example, tracing the food chains in my garden, I let field mice inhabit the space. Passage 3 （24-25高一上·福建福州·期中） For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help to make the effects of a warmer world less harmful. 11 In a paper published in Trends & Evolution, a team led by Sara Ryding, a PhD candidate at Deakin University, shows that is already. happening. Climate change is already changing the bodies of many animal species: bigger beaks (喙), limbs and ears. In some species of Australian parrot, for instance, beak size has increased by between 4% and 10%since 1871. Another study, this time in North American dark-eyed juncos, another bird, found the same pattern. 12 All that is perfectly consistent with evolutionary (进化) theory, “Allen’s rule”. Allen suggested it in 1877, holding that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger body parts than those in temperate (温带的) regions. 13 Being richly filled with blood vessels (血管), and not covered by feathers, beaks make an ideal place for birds to get rid of heat. Ms. Ryding examined museum specimens (标本) to prove that climate change was the cause of an anatomical (解剖学的) changes. All sorts of other factors might have been driving the changes. Her team combined data from different species in different places. They have little in common apart from living on a warming planet. 14 For now, at least, the increase is small, never much more than 10%. 15 Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs (妥协), it is unclear how far the process might go. A．Therefore, climate change is the most reasonable explanation. B．That may change as warming accelerates (加速). C．Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviors. D．It seems that the future world is going to be hotter than humans are used to. E．Therefore, the negative effects of a warmer world are visible in these animals’ bodies. F．Such adaptations boost an animal’s surface area relative to its body, helping it to release extra heat. G．Similar trends are seen in mammals, with species of mice and bats evolving bigger ears, legs and wings. 主题02 人与自我——人际关系中的自我成长 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·江苏无锡·期中）Is it ever too late to learn a new skill? The answer is: absolutely not! 1 It can change your life in many ways—from boosting your career to helping you discover a new interest. All you need is focus and some helpful learning strategies. Teach yourself using many sources. The best learning materials vary based on the skill you want to develop. 2 There are many learning materials that are free to use, including textbooks, online videos, and even blog posts. Do an online search for sources and check your local library for helpful books. Learn through practical experience. The most effective way to learn something is just to do it! Books and tutorials (教程) are excellent primers (入门指南), but try to start performing the new skill as soon as possible. Learn through trial and error rather than spending all your time on theories and memorization. 3 Teach someone else. Teaching a skill enables you to understand it better. Why? By teaching someone else, you first have to think about the skill or subject and break it down into easily explainable pieces. 4 You can also make an informative presentation about the subject or start a blog about your learning process. 5 A plan will help you stay on track with your new pursuit (爱好). Devote at least 20 hours to learning the skill; research shows that spending 20 hours on any skill will greatly improve your understanding and ability. Reserve practice time for days when you have plenty of free time and the time of day when you feel most alert (机敏的). A．Give yourself tests. B．Set a study or practice schedule. C．Learning new things is beneficial at any age. D．You can learn new things without paying for a class. E．Ask people you know if they can recommend a teacher to you. F．The better you can explain something, the better you understand it. G．Apply the ideas you’ve learned and find out what works best for you in practice. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·辽宁丹东·期中） Research reveals that showing you’re happy can enhance both physical and mental health. And here is why. Smiling is a stress reliever. A University of Kansas study found that participants who were asked to smile during stressful tasks had lower heart rates during stress recovery. So it seems even forcing yourself to look happy helps to manage tricky situations. Smiling may lower blood pressure. The benefits of smile go beyond stress reduction. 6 Another research has shown that blood pressure doesn’t rise when people are exposed to humour. Smiling boosts immunity. A smile releases certain hormones in the brain, including serotonin, which is associated with an improvement in immune function. Depression, meanwhile, can weaken your immune system. 7 A smile can reduce your pain. Being amused also prompts the release of endorphins (内啡肽) in the brain. 8 In one study, participants who smiled while being injected reported 40 percent less pain. 9 It seems smiling really can boost your mood, rather than simply being a response to feeling happy. A 2022 study of 3,878 participants in 19 countries found people’s happiness rating was higher when they smiled. Of course, smiling endears you to others and helps you to connect with them. 10 Give yourself cues to remind you to smile — when you see someone laughing or you’re making a cup of tea — or put a note on your phone as a reminder. Think of something pleasurable, such as a favourite person, place or memory when you smile. You will harvest the rewards of your continuous efforts. A．Looking happy encourages positivity. B．Endorphins are the body’s natural painkillers. C．Those who have the broadest smile live longer. D．If you practise enough, it’ll become second nature. E．So, it makes sense to smile more if you want to stay well. F．It is also likely to have a knock-on effect on blood pressure. G．It not only releases endorphins but also boosts your immune system. Passage 3 （24-25高一上·广东广州·期中） As I stepped off the plane in Yunnan, I was about to begin an unforgettable experience: the Water-Splashing Festival. On the morning of the festival, people were busy getting prepared. Their faces lit with expectation. I, a foreigner, really stood out in the street. A passing vendor (小贩) noticed my out-of-place expression and flashed me a wide smile. 11 Walking through the lively streets of Xishuangbanna with excitement, I saw a group of local children approaching me, their eyes shining with kindness. They handed me a traditional Dai hat and in that simple gesture, I felt a connection to this land and its people. 12 Such a moment highlights how the Water-Splashing Festival is more than just an event; it’s a celebration of warmth and openness. Soon, the most important event, the water splashing, began. People of all ages, armed with water guns and buckets, filled the streets. 13 The thought of getting completely wet in front of so many strangers made me nervous. But then, a group of local boys targeted me with their water guns. Before I knew it, I got wet through, and a burst of laughter escaped my lips. In that moment, all my hesitations faded away. 14 But for me, it was also a way to wash away the distance between myself and the people around me. As the sun began to set, the festival finally ended. But the memories created, the friendship formed, the cultural understanding gained would last a lifetime. 15 It caught me that by being brave enough to explore new cultures, we open ourselves up to a world of possibilities. We enrich our lives in ways we could never have imagined, filling them laughter, warmth, and the magic of cultural connection. A．At first, I was a bit hesitant. B．That warmth and friendliness immediately put me at ease. C．The water-splashing had a long history for the Dai people. D．It made me understand that a kind act can break down cultural barriers. E．This led to my new understanding of communicating with different people. F．My time at Yunnan’s Water-Splashing Festival was a journey of discovery. G．In Dai culture, splashing water means getting rid of bad luck and welcoming the new. 主题03 人与社会——社会文化与生活方式 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·广西玉林·期中） Having a good relationship with your roommate is important. 1 If you and your roommates make the effort, a peaceful and happy home is in your future. Before starting the journey to find a roommate, it’s important to make sure you will get along. Take a moment to think about your living preferences before making a decision. Getting along doesn’t mean you and your roommate have to share all of the same interests or be best friends. 2 Once you’ve found a friendly roommate, the next key step for a warm living environment is to set clear rules through a roommate agreement. This document should include rights and responsibilities, covering rent payments, chores, and privacy. 3 Besides, agreeing on personal space rules also makes sure both of you feel comfortable at home. Achieving a fair way of dealing with money also helps avoid arguments. This includes dividing the cost of rent, bills, and other shared costs in a way that everyone agrees on. Dividing rent equally (平等地) among roommates is nice. 4 In this case, it might be better to decide each person’s rent flexibly (灵活地). 5 . Creating an environment where open and regular communication is welcomed is key to solving problems before they get worse. One way of keeping communication clear is to have regular “check-in” meetings. They provide roommates with time to talk about home things, share problems in a helpful manner, and celebrate successes or share personal news. A．Your lifestyles and values just have to be similar. B．A friendly atmosphere depends on how you think. C．However, one’s room might have more advantages. D．You can include what you want to list in the agreement. E．Living with others may seem hard, but it doesn’t have to be. F．Communication is the basis of good roommate relationships. G．Clear discussions about money and chore sharing prevent fights. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·河南南阳·期中）You can picture it already: relaxing with your closest friends and exploring new exciting destinations. All the while you’re enjoying great food and making fantastic memories (回忆). 6 Use our tips to plan a trip with friends where you’ll come home not only relaxed but closer than ever. 7 Slow down and honestly discuss what everyone hopes to get out of the vacation before booking anything. Talk about where you’d like to and how long a vacation is OK for all. Will you be together all of the time? 8 Will there be one or two main planning leaders? Make sure everyone plays a part in planning the vacation. Have the money talk. No one likes the uncomfortable talk about how the money is going to work, but it is a necessary part of planning. 9 So it’s best to have honest conversations about money. Try to find some common ground when planning a budget (预算) for accommodations, visiting attractions, meals out, and activities. Stay safe. While you don’t have to be with the group every minute of your trip, agree to stay accountable (负有责任的) to each other for everyone’s safety. That means no leaving without telling the group where you’re going. 10 Look out for one another and use common sense so everyone stays safe. A．Have a full discussion. B．Choose a tour leader of your group. C．Will there be days to explore separately? D．People often have different ideas when it comes to money. E．Be sure that everyone has each other’s contact information on their phone. F．Having a travel adviser would be easier than doing all the booking yourself. G．However, travelling with your closest friends sometimes can be a terrible experience. Passage 3 （24-25高一上·福建厦门·期中） Knowing exactly how to comfort your friend and what to say isn’t always easy, and you might be feeling a little tongue-tied. Keep reading and you can learn the effective ways to comfort a friend when they’ re feeling down. 11 Give your undivided attention and allow your friend to openly share their experiences. Avoid interrupting or offering immediate advice unless they specifically ask for it. Sometimes, all someone needs is a compassionate ear to listen to their worries, fears, or frustrations. Empathy plays a vital role in comforting a friend. Try to understand them by putting yourself in their shoes. Acknowledge their emotions by saying things like, “I can imagine this is really tough for you” or “ 12 ” Offering support is another critical aspect of comforting a friend. Remind them that difficult times are temporary and that they have your unwavering support throughout their journey. 13 . Lastly, following up and checking in on your friend’s well-being is essential. 14 Send them a thoughtful message, plan activities together, or simply ask how they’ re doing. Let them know that your support is continuous and that you are there for them whenever they need someone to lean on. Remember, everyone responds to comfort differently. 15 The most important thing is to show genuine care and understanding as you provide comfort to your friend in their time of need. A．Encourage them to seek any necessary help they may need B．Listening attentively is the key in providing comfort. C．Comforting someone should not be a one-time act but an ongoing process. D．Ask your friend to express their emotions and thoughts. E．Therefore, be open and flexible(灵活的)in your approach. F．It sounds like you’ re feeling rather disappointed. G．I don’t think the situation is as bad as you imagine. 主题01 人与社会——社会参与人际关系 Passage 1 （23-24高一上·山西吕梁·期中） Volunteers make a significant difference in the lives of others. Often, they perform voluntary activities with the intention of helping those in need. 1 From enlarging your social circle to lowering stress, volunteering offers many social and mental benefits. 2 Volunteers perform important roles in their duties. They serve as greeters providing patient room information and directions. Many volunteers use their craft skills to make blankets, sweaters and hats that typically are given to newborn babies and patients. Outside of a health care setting, volunteers improve our beaches, parks, and other public services. Volunteers’ work is necessary for everyday activities, which makes them feel that their life is meaningful. Volunteering helps you meet others and develop new relationships. One of the best ways to make new friends and strengthen relationships is to take part in a shared activity. 3 Spending your time working as a volunteer also helps you expand your network and practice social skills with others. Volunteering helps you be grateful. This social emotion isn’t always the easiest to express, but it can strengthen relationships with those closest to you. Volunteering allows you to take a step back to look at the bigger picture, which can help you realize you should never take life for granted (对……不予重视) and always be appreciative of what you have. 4 Volunteering may reduce stress levels 5 . Moreover, it increases positive, relaxed feelings by releasing dopamine. By enjoying time spent in service to others, you will feel a sense of meaning and appreciation, both given and received, which can have a stress-reducing effect. A．Volunteering gives purpose. B．It leads to lower rates of anxiety. C．What do you hope to get out of volunteering? D．There are organizations actively seeking volunteers. E．But do you know volunteering benefits your own health as well? F．It’s the little things you have that give you a sense of satisfaction. G．Volunteering is a great way to meet new people sharing common interests. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·四川达州·期中） If you are looking for meaningful yet easy ways to volunteer from home, then you’ll love this list of opportunities for remote volunteers. 6 , there are also ways to make a difference without leaving home. Below is a list of virtual volunteer opportunities that allow you to have a positive impact while sitting on your couch. Use your creativity to help at-risk communities 7 . It has a number of community projects that allow remote volunteers to create hand-sewn (手缝的) items that would benefit women and children in shelters. Some of their current projects include sewing pillowcases, dolls and patches. Help a family in need to buy holiday gifts for their children Camp Dreamcatcher offers free educational programs for young people whose lives have been affected by AlDS. Along with their in-person camp, which also recruits (招募) volunteers, those looking for ways to volunteer from home can take part in the Adopt A Family program. This involves adopting a family and assisting them in purchasing holiday gifts from their child’s wish list. 8 Set aside a portion of your shopping expenses to benefit a cause If you’re looking for easy ways to volunteer from home, it doesn’t get much simpler than swapping your regular Amazon browser for AmazonSmile. 9 . However, the difference is that when using AmazonSmile, 0.5% of the purchase price of the products gets donated to the charity of your choice.   10    World Hunger Education Services’ Hunger Quiz opportunity definitely deserves a spot on this list of easy ways to volunteer from home. In fact, you simply need to read some educational material about world hunger and then answer a series of questions. When you complete a quiz, the organization donates $0.02-$0.10 to help feed hungry people. A．Plant a row to feed the hungry. B．Take a quiz to help end hunger. C．You’ll be able to see the list before signing up. D．AmazonSmile has the same pricing as Amazon.com. E．Volunteering from home is easy with Enchanted Makeovers. F．Volunteers can also help to make pillows, blankets and more. G．While offering time to in-person and volunteer abroad projects can be worthwhile. Passage 3 （24-25高一上·四川绵阳·期中） Different types of volunteer opportunities for teenagers exist in a wide range of time periods and fields. 11 Types of these opportunities include working with young children, pets, or the elderly. After-school opportunities can help teenagers develop a sense of responsibility and a good work attitude. Volunteer opportunities for teenagers looking to volunteer after school include private teaching and volunteering as an instructor. 12 During the holidays, a wide variety of volunteer opportunities exist to help give back to the surrounding community during times of need. 13 Helping to organize a toy drive or hand out donated gifts is another way for teenagers to get involved during the holiday season. 14 Volunteers can help keep animals clean, fed, and exercised. Teenagers who intend to enter professions handling animals can benefit from the learning experience of handling a wide range of animals while sharing love and care with animals in need. Working with the elderly is another opportunity for teenagers. 15 In addition, regular volunteer opportunities for teenagers can include visiting elderly neighbors, running errands for those who have a hard time getting out, and helping them around their own homes with chores and basic upkeep, such as mowing the lawn. A．Options may also vary according to a child’s age. B．It’s necessary to do some research to find volunteer opportunities. C．Volunteering to help pets is a choice for teenagers with a love of animals. D．They are available after school, during the summer, and over the holidays. E．Nursing homes can use teenage volunteers for arts activities and regular visits. F．These opportunities can often be found through local schools or community centers. G．Volunteering at food banks and homeless shelters is a good way to help the less fortunate. 主题02 人与自我——个人成长与自我认知 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·广西柳州·期中） Confidence is very important in daily life. It can help you to develop a healthy attitude (态度). A study shows that the people who are more confident are much happier. They can have more chances to make themselves successful. But how to be more confident? 1 Speak loud. When you are not confident, it is hard to do what you want to do. You speak in a voice so low that other people can hardly hear you. Try to speak loud enough so that people can hear you clearly. 2 Play sports. Physical exercise makes you tired but completely relaxed. A strong body helps you be full of confidence. Encourage yourself. Write down a list of things you did during the day to see how many things you have done well. Did you finish your homework? 3 Give yourself praise for the good things you have done Get rid of fear. 4 But it’s easy to overcome (克服) if you know that failure is part of your life. Don’t hide your head just because you said something stupid last time. Try to start again and believe you can do better. 5 If you like singing, sing as much as you can. In some ways. A hobby can make you outstanding. And it will make you happy and confident. A．Pick up a hobby. B．Speak loud as much as you can. C．Your voice can help you become more confident. D．Fear comes along with failure. E．Did you tell a joke that made everybody laugh? F．Here are some suggestions. G．Get relaxed. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·安徽亳州·期中） How to deal with your nervousness before exams? 6 Here are some dos and don’ts that might help you with your exams. Don’t arrive too early. 7 When you’re revising with friends, you might get more anxious. Instead, try to get there five to ten minutes earlier and keep yourself from talking about the exam to anybody. Do sleep well. Lack of sleep is a huge factor in increasing your nervousness. 8 Also, you will have a harder time concentrating. So, instead of studying deep into the night, you should work on getting a regular sleep pattern. 9 If you’ve worked hard, and you are ready, you don’t need this. Going over notes on the day of the exam might make you feel like you’ve missed out on some topics. So you had better just be rested and relaxed for the exam and do the best that you can. Do eat well. Don’t forget to have a good meal. We tend to forget to eat when we’re too anxious, but eating is necessary. Your brain needs sugar to work properly. You have to eat something before taking an exam. 10 Don’t think about the result of the exam. Before and during an exam, don’t think about the result. Stay focused on the present. You should not think about your grades, your chances of getting into college, and your family’s opinion, etc. Try to separate yourself from anything else. A．Don’t revise on the day of the exam. B．How to revise better to get a good grade? C．Don’t make your revision go on for too long. D．How to prepare yourself better for the coming exam? E．It will give you more energy and lower your anxiety level. F．When your nervous system is not rested, you’ll feel more anxious. G．You probably arrive early before an exam, but it’s not a good idea to get there too early. Passage 3 （24-25高一上·河南南阳·期中） Making decisions in life can be a difficult task. 11 In fact, the decisions you make today will not only influence your future, but also other people and the world in which you live. Decisions making involves thinking, talking, and searching for information related to a problem. 12 You do this by talking with others who know about the subject, going to the library, and thinking about two or more solutions. 13 An example is your ten-year-old car breaks down and needs much money to repair. You need transportation to get to work, to do shopping and to deal with other tasks. You must decide the best way to spend the family’s money. In deciding-or making a decision-there is a six-step process: ▪ Define (明确) the problem. Understand the problem clearly. • Gather and list all the information you can get on the problem. ▪ 14 It is important to have many possible solutions (解决方法) to the situation. It will take time to research the variety of solutions. • 15 Look at the good and bad sides to each solution. What are the results of each? Answer the questions: Will the solution be good for me... the family...co-workers? Stay with your values and those of your family. ▪ Choose the best solution to solve your problem. ▪ Evaluate the decision you made. Decide if you need to change your action plan. A．Set clearly defined goals or action plans. B．Examine two or more solutions to the situation. C．Analyze (分析) the possible results of each solution. D．You probably won’t be happy with every decision you make. E．You collect information that can help you with every decision you make. F．Throughout your life you will make some decisions that will influence your future. G．Decision making usually happens when events, habits, and patterns of living change. 主题03 人与自然——环境保护与自然灾害 Passage 1 （23-24高一上·湖南长沙·期中） The weather forecast calls for a slight chance of thunderstorms, but you can only see a few white clouds overhead. 1 You spend a few minutes warming up and then wait. Is that thunder you hear? Is that a lightning flash? What do you do? Keep playing until the thunder and lightning get close? Or get in your car and drive home? Correct answer: If no substantial, non-concrete shelter is nearby, get in your car and wait out the storm. Why? 2 Although the odds of being struck by lightning are less than 1 in a million, some factors can put you at greater risk. Lightning most often strikes people who work outside or engage in outdoor recreational activities. 3 Florida is considered the “lightning capital” of the country, with more than 2,000 lightning injuries over the past 50 years. From 2009 to 2018, lightning caused an average of 27 deaths per year in the United States. 4 ● If the weather forecast calls for thunderstorms, postpone your trip or activity. ●When thunder rolls, go indoors. Find a safe shelter, such as homes, offices, shopping centers, and hard-top vehicles with the windows rolled up. ● 5 After you see lightning, start counting to 30. If you hear thunder before you reach 30, go indoors. Suspend activities for at least 30 minutes after the last clap of thunder. A．Don’t forget the 30-30 rule. B．Avoid using electronic equipment of all types. C．So you and your tennis partner head for the tennis court. D．Here are some tips to reduce your risk of being struck by lightning. E．Regional differences can also affect your risk of being injured by lightning F．Perform the following actions if you are accidentally caught in an open area. G．Because being outside when lightning is present is not something to take lightly. Passage 2 （23-24高一上·陕西·期中） An earthquake, a natural disaster, is a 'sudden rapid shaking of the earth caused by the shifting of underground rock. Deaths and injuries occur when people try to escape during the shaking. Earthquakes can happen anywhere, and there is no way to predict them. 6 Here are some tips to learn what to do during an earthquake to better protect yourself. 7 Earthquakes can happen but are more common in certain areas. Find out if you live in an area where earthquakes easily happen. And figure out the situations of your surroundings. Are you inside or outside? Is the space that you are currently in crowds or near the exit? How can you protect yourself within the shortest time? Prevent possible injuries. Identify things that might fall during shaking. Imagine if the room were shaken up and down, and side to side, which items could fall and cause damage to you? Consider things such as televisions, shelves, mirrors, and bookcases. 8 Gather necessary supplies. 9 Portable chargers for devices are also good for getting in touch with the outside area. To protect your feet from glass, have yourself and family wear some pairs of firm shoes. And a flashlight and a dust mask help you wait for the rescue. Learn emergency（紧急情况）skills. People may be injured, and emergency services may not be available. 10 Knowing where nearby emergency shelters for disasters are is of equal importance. Get a fire extinguisher and learn how to use it safely. Be ready to live without power, gas, and water. A．Understand the risk. B．Protect certain areas. C．But you can take action to prepare. D．So learning first aid can be beneficial to saving others. E．It is important for people to know about various disasters. F．Secure these items so they don't hurt you during an earthquake. G．You can prepare needed supplies like food, water, and medicine in advance. Passage 3 （24-25高一上·广东惠州·期中） Have you always dreamed of having a garden,but thought you didn’t have enough space (空间)? 11 With a little planning and creativity. you can still make a beautiful garden from the small outdoor space Here are some tips that you can follow. Plan your layout (布局) carefully. 12 Consider the overall arrangement of the space and create different zones for different purposes. You may want to make an outline or use a design tool to imagine it. Or it’s a good choice to search online for digital garden planners to help you deign the layout 13 If you have limited space,it’s important to select plants that will grow well in your garden. Look for plants that suit the climate,soil type,and growing conditions. Or choose dense or small sizes of plants to make the best use of your space Make use of vertical (垂直的) space. One of the best ways to make the most of your small garden is to use vertical gardening skills. Vertical gardening is an excellent way to add more greenery to your small garden without taking up too much space. 14 You can also use hanging baskets to add more greenery to your space. Include the eatable into your garden. Growing your own food is not only satisfying,but it can also save you money on groceries Even if you only have a small garden. you can still consider growing various fruits,vegetables, which can be grown ta containers like boxes and pots. 15 With these tips in mind,you can create a beautiful and productive garden in even the smallest space. Happy gardening! A．Follow design rules. B．It’s time to think again. C．Choose suitable plants. D．First,owning a garden is important. E．You can grow plants on walls or ladders. F．Before planting. think about how to use your garden. G．They can provide fresh and delicious food throughout the season. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 七选五阅读 主题01 人与自然——自然生态与环境保护 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·广东韶关·期中） What’s the secret to a healthy plant? Sunlight and water, of course. And, it turns out that another surprising factor, music, can help grow happy, healthy plants. According to a study published in Frontiers in Plant Science, music might promote the plants’ growth. 1 . The sound vibrations （振动） may speed up processes like nutrient transport that encourage healthier plants. Plants don’t hear sound like humans do, but they can feel vibrations from sound and respond positively to certain types of music. The sound vibrations from music are like wind or water. Plants hearing music grow faster, with larger blooms (花朵) and healthier leaves. How about singing? 2 . Which type of music do plants prefer? Playing heavy metal music increases plant growth, producing shorter plants with larger, more disease-resistant flowers. 3 . The loud energy of heavy metal proved most effective for blooms, suggesting an unexpected link between music and the plant’s health. Overall, findings seem to prove that plants prefer more rhythmic (有节奏的) music, especially heavy metal and classical music. Classical music seems to work wonders for keeping the holes on the outer skin of plants open longer, increasing air intake. Heavy metal appears to encourage even greater growth. 4 . It can depend on all sorts of situations like plant types, music styles, and environmental factors. Some critics add that more research with stricter controls needs to be done in order to establish a connection between music and plant growth. The improvements in plant health observed during these studies could also be caused by better plant care and attentive behavior from caretakers. Whether or not plants truly prefer music, adding music to your gardening life is of benefit. 5 . A．Obviously, the same is true of it B．Music and plants aren’t closely related C．Classical music slightly improved growth D．Choose the music that suits your plants best E．Turn up the Mozart and see if plants start growing well F．Even the type of music can have a different impact on plants G．However, understanding plants’ music preference can be difficult 【答案】1．F 2．A 3．C 4．G 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述音乐通过声波振动促进植物生长，金属乐和古典乐效果尤佳，但具体偏好因植物而异。 1．根据上文“According to a study published in Frontiers in Plant Science, music might promote the plants’ growth. (根据发表在《植物科学前沿》上的一项研究，音乐可能会促进植物的生长)”及下文“The sound vibrations (振动) may speed up processes like nutrient transport that encourage healthier plants. (声音振动可能会加速营养物质运输等过程，从而促进植物更健康)”以及第二段“Plants don’t hear sound like humans do, but they can feel vibrations from sound and respond positively to certain types of music. (植物不像人类那样能听到声音，但它们能感受到声音的振动，并对某些类型的音乐做出积极的反应)”可知，第二段分别提到了声音振动，音乐类型影响植物，而第一空上文仅仅提出音乐对植物的促进，下文提出振动，因此这里要补充音乐类型。选项F“Even the type of music can have a different impact (甚至音乐的类型也会产生不同的影响)”提出音乐类型进行补充，符合逻辑，故选F。 2.根据上文“The sound vibrations from music are like wind or water. Plants hearing music grow faster, with larger blooms (花朵) and healthier leaves. How about singing? (音乐产生的声音振动就像风或水。听到音乐的植物生长得更快，花更大，叶子更健康。唱歌怎么样？)”可知，上文指出音乐促进植物生长，而唱歌也属于音乐，所以这里要回答唱对植物的效用，即唱歌也能促进植物生长。选项A“Obviously, the same is true of it(显然也如此)”符合逻辑。故选A。 3．根据上文“Which type of music do plants prefer? Playing heavy metal music increases plant growth, producing shorter plants with larger, more disease-resistant flowers. (植物更喜欢哪种类型的音乐？播放重金属音乐能促进植物生长，使植株更矮，花更大，更抗病)”可知，上文提出比较音乐类型，即不同音乐影响不同，有指提出了重金属音乐，因此这里要补充其他音乐类型，选项C“Classical music slightly improved growth (古典音乐略有提高)”对比古典音乐的影响，与上文呼应，符合逻辑。故选C。 4.根据下文“It can depend on all sorts of situations like plant types, music styles, and environmental factors. (它可以取决于各种情况，如植物类型，音乐风格和环境因素)”可知，下文对不同的局限性因素进行列举，因此这里要提出遇到难题或是挑战，才能引出下文的分别论述。选项G“However, understanding plants’ music preference can be difficult (然而，了解植物的音乐偏好可能很困难)”符合逻辑。故选G。 5.根据上文“Whether or not plants truly prefer music, adding music to your gardening life is of benefit. (无论植物是否真的喜欢音乐，在你的园艺生活中加入音乐都是有益的)”可知，上文建议“将音乐融入园艺生活”，因此这里要结尾总结，给出实践建议即为植物播放音乐。选项E“Turn up the Mozart and see if plants start growing well (打开莫扎特的音乐，看看植物是否开始生长良好)”符合逻辑。故选E。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·湖南永州·期中）What if we take a closer look at the food chains in a garden? 6 Or how, as we put it in another way, everything gardens. I began by looking at which larger predatory (捕食性的) creatures are in my garden. Some predators are at the tops of the food chains. Others, of course, can be both predators and prey (猎物). 7 Working out the place occupied by various wildlife in my garden comes next. With most creatures in the garden, including common pests (有害动物), the key to successfully living with them and preventing population explosions lies in understanding what they eat and what eats them, that is, their place within garden food chains. We also need to understand that there will never be just one food chain in operation. 8 Just think of the number of different things that will eat different insect species. Looking at who is eating what, when, and where in our gardens can help us not only understand our gardens better but also get them to function better and find our own place as a gardener within the systems. 9 While these creatures are sometimes considered pests, they are extremely beneficial to keep the ecosystem in balance. Seeing connections with an open mind can help a gardener understand nothing in the world works on its own. 10 A．Why should we work out what eats what in a garden? B．The interdependence between garden creatures is limited. C．Different creatures will compete over various forms of prey. D．We should always let nature do some of the gardening as well. E．Moles, for example, eat earthworms and are sometimes eaten by foxes. F．We may begin to truly understand how every creature shapes its environment. G．For example, tracing the food chains in my garden, I let field mice inhabit the space. 【答案】6．F 7．E 8．C 9．G 10．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍通过观察花园里生物链了解花园里的生态系统。 6.由上文“What if we take a closer look at the food chains in a garden? (如果我们仔细观察花园里的食物链会怎样呢？)”及下文“Or how, as we put it in another way, everything gardens. (或者，用另一种方式说，万物如何造园)”可知，上文提出了一个关于花园里食物链的问题，本空应对此问题进行回答，且与下文“万物如何造园”相一致。F选项“We may begin to truly understand how every creature shapes its environment. (我们可能开始真正了解每种生物是如何塑造其环境的。)”能够回应上文的问题，且指出每种生物是如何塑造其环境，与下文万物如何造园相一致，符合题意。故选F。 7．由上文“I began by looking at which larger predatory (捕食性的) creatures are in my garden. Some predators are at the tops of the food chains. Others, of course, can be both predators and prey (猎物). (我先看看我的花园里有哪些大型的捕食性生物。一些捕食者处于食物链的顶端。当然，其他的既可以是捕食者也可以是猎物。)”可知，上文提到了花园里的捕食者和猎物，本空应举例说明捕食者既可以是顶端捕食者也可以同时成为其他动物的食物，E选项“Moles, for example, eat earthworms and are sometimes eaten by foxes. (例如，鼹鼠吃蚯蚓，有时也被狐狸吃掉。)”举了一个捕食者和猎物的例子，能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。 8．由上文“We also need to understand that there will never be just one food chain in operation. (我们还需要明白，永远不会只有一条食物链在运行。)”及下文“Just think of the number of different things that will eat different insect species. (想想会有多少不同的东西吃不同的昆虫种类。)”可知，本空应强调花园里食物链的多样性，C选项“Different creatures will compete over various forms of prey. (不同的生物会为各种形式的猎物而竞争。)”说明了不同生物会因为食物而竞争，进一步说明了食物链的多样性，能承上启下，符合题意。故选C。 9．由上文“Looking at who is eating what, when, and where in our gardens can help us not only understand our gardens better but also get them to function better and find our own place as a gardener within the systems. (看看谁在花园里吃什么，什么时候吃，什么地方吃，这不仅能帮助我们更好地了解我们的花园，还能让它们更好地发挥作用，并在这个系统中找到我们作为园丁的位置。)”及下文“While these creatures are sometimes considered pests, they are extremely beneficial to keep the ecosystem in balance. (虽然这些生物有时被认为是害虫，但它们对保持生态系统的平衡非常有益。)”可知，本空应强调理解和接受花园中所有生物的角色对于维持生态平衡的重要性，G选项“For example, tracing the food chains in my garden, I let field mice inhabit the space. (例如，在追踪花园里的食物链时，我让田鼠栖息在这个空间里。)”提供了一个实际的例子，说明如何通过允许某些生物存在来维持生态平衡，能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。 10.由上文“Seeing connections with an open mind can help a gardener understand nothing in the world works on its own. (以开放的心态看待联系可以帮助园丁理解世界上没有什么东西是独自运作的。)”可知，上文强调以开放的心态看待联系，本空应强调大自然的园艺作用，D选项“We should always let nature do some of the gardening as well. (我们也应该让大自然做一些园艺工作。)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·福建福州·期中） For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help to make the effects of a warmer world less harmful. 11 In a paper published in Trends & Evolution, a team led by Sara Ryding, a PhD candidate at Deakin University, shows that is already. happening. Climate change is already changing the bodies of many animal species: bigger beaks (喙), limbs and ears. In some species of Australian parrot, for instance, beak size has increased by between 4% and 10%since 1871. Another study, this time in North American dark-eyed juncos, another bird, found the same pattern. 12 All that is perfectly consistent with evolutionary (进化) theory, “Allen’s rule”. Allen suggested it in 1877, holding that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger body parts than those in temperate (温带的) regions. 13 Being richly filled with blood vessels (血管), and not covered by feathers, beaks make an ideal place for birds to get rid of heat. Ms. Ryding examined museum specimens (标本) to prove that climate change was the cause of an anatomical (解剖学的) changes. All sorts of other factors might have been driving the changes. Her team combined data from different species in different places. They have little in common apart from living on a warming planet. 14 For now, at least, the increase is small, never much more than 10%. 15 Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs (妥协), it is unclear how far the process might go. A．Therefore, climate change is the most reasonable explanation. B．That may change as warming accelerates (加速). C．Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviors. D．It seems that the future world is going to be hotter than humans are used to. E．Therefore, the negative effects of a warmer world are visible in these animals’ bodies. F．Such adaptations boost an animal’s surface area relative to its body, helping it to release extra heat. G．Similar trends are seen in mammals, with species of mice and bats evolving bigger ears, legs and wings. 【答案】11．C 12．G 13．F 14．A 15．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了地球变暖正在改变动物的外貌，如嘴巴变大。 11.根据上文“For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help to make the effects of a warmer world less harmful.(对人类来说，适应气候变化将主要是一个技术问题。更多的空调，更好设计的房屋和更大的防洪系统可能有助于减少全球变暖的危害)”可知，人类依靠的是科学技术来适应气候变化。选项C“动物将不得不依靠改变它们的身体或行为（去适应）。”承接上文，说明和人类不同，动物要适应气候变化就只能依靠它们的身体和行为。从而引出下文对于动物适应气候变化发生的变化的讲述，上下文通顺合理。故选C项。 12.空处位于段末应承接上文。上文“In some species of Australian parrot, for instance, beak size has increased by between 4% and 10%since 1871. Another study, this time in North American dark-eyed juncos, another bird, found the same pattern.(例如，在一些澳大利亚鹦鹉中，自1871年以来，喙的大小增加了4%到10%。另一项研究，这次是在另一种鸟类北美黑眼鹦鹉中，发现了同样的模式)”列举了一些动物因为天气变暖，喙变大的例子。由此推知，空处承接上文，继续举例。选项G“哺乳动物也有类似的趋势，老鼠、鼩鼱和蝙蝠进化出更大的耳朵、尾巴、腿和翅膀”符合语境，是动物应对天气变化外貌发生变化的例子。故选G项。 13.根据上文“All that is perfectly consistent with evolutionary (进化) theory, “Allen’s rule”. Allen suggested it in 1877, holding that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger body parts than those in temperate (温带的) regions.(所有这些都完全符合进化论的“艾伦法则”。艾伦在1877年提出了这个观点，他认为生活在炎热地区的温血动物往往比生活在温带地区的动物有更大的身体部位)”可知，炎热地区的温血动物往往长有更大的附属物，这是动物对气候的一种适应，选项F“这种适应性增加了动物相对于其身体体积的表面积，帮助它释放多余的热量。”解释了这种现象的产生原因。下文“Being richly filled with blood vessels (血管), and not covered by feathers, beaks make an ideal place for birds to get rid of heat.(喙部充满了血管，没有被羽毛覆盖，是鸟类散热的理想场所)”举例说明动物的这种适应性。上下文通顺合理。故选F项。 14.根据上文“Ms. Ryding examined museum specimens (标本) to prove that climate change was the cause of an anatomical (解剖学的) changes. All sorts of other factors might have been driving the changes. Her team combined data from different species in different places. They have little in common apart from living on a warming planet.(赖丁检查了博物馆的标本，以证明气候变化是导致解剖结构变化的原因。各种各样的其他因素可能推动了这些变化。她的团队结合了来自不同地方不同物种的数据。除了生活在一个变暖的星球上，它们几乎没有什么共同之处)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，对生物结构变化的原因进行解释说明。故A选项“因此，气候变化是最合理的解释”符合语境，故选A项。 15.根据上文“For now, at least, the increase is small, never much more than 10%.(至少就目前而言，增幅很小，不会超过10%)”以及后文“Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs (妥协), it is unclear how far the process might go.(由于任何进化适应都伴随着权衡，目前尚不清楚这个过程会走多远)”可知，上文提到了目前的情况，推测本句是在说明未来可能会发生何种改变。故B选项“随着气候变暖的加速，这可能会改变”符合语境，故选B项。 主题02 人与自我——人际关系中的自我成长 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·江苏无锡·期中）Is it ever too late to learn a new skill? The answer is: absolutely not! 1 It can change your life in many ways—from boosting your career to helping you discover a new interest. All you need is focus and some helpful learning strategies. Teach yourself using many sources. The best learning materials vary based on the skill you want to develop. 2 There are many learning materials that are free to use, including textbooks, online videos, and even blog posts. Do an online search for sources and check your local library for helpful books. Learn through practical experience. The most effective way to learn something is just to do it! Books and tutorials (教程) are excellent primers (入门指南), but try to start performing the new skill as soon as possible. Learn through trial and error rather than spending all your time on theories and memorization. 3 Teach someone else. Teaching a skill enables you to understand it better. Why? By teaching someone else, you first have to think about the skill or subject and break it down into easily explainable pieces. 4 You can also make an informative presentation about the subject or start a blog about your learning process. 5 A plan will help you stay on track with your new pursuit (爱好). Devote at least 20 hours to learning the skill; research shows that spending 20 hours on any skill will greatly improve your understanding and ability. Reserve practice time for days when you have plenty of free time and the time of day when you feel most alert (机敏的). A．Give yourself tests. B．Set a study or practice schedule. C．Learning new things is beneficial at any age. D．You can learn new things without paying for a class. E．Ask people you know if they can recommend a teacher to you. F．The better you can explain something, the better you understand it. G．Apply the ideas you’ve learned and find out what works best for you in practice. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．G 4．F 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了学习新技能的重要性以及如何有效地学习新技能的方法。文章强调了学习新技能对个人发展的益处，并提供了一些实用的学习策略。 1．根据上文“Is it ever too late to learn a new skill? The answer is: absolutely not!(学习新技能是否为时已晚？答案是：绝对不是！)”以及下文“It can change your life in many ways—from boosting your career to helping you discover a new interest. All you need is focus and some helpful learning strategies.(它可以在很多方面改变你的生活——从提升你的职业生涯到帮助你发现新的兴趣。你所需要的只是专注和一些有用的学习策略)”可知，上文说的是学习新技能并不晚，下文说的是新技能可以在很多方面改变你的生活，可推理出这里强调了学习新技能在任何年龄都是有益的，与C项“Learning new things is beneficial at any age.(在任何年龄学习新事物都是有益的)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。 2.根据下文“There are many learning materials that are free to use, including textbooks, online videos, and even blog posts. Do an online search for sources and check your local library for helpful books.(有许多免费的学习材料，包括教科书、在线视频，甚至博客文章。在线搜索资料，并查看你当地的图书馆是否有有用的书籍)”可知，下文说的是有许多免费的学习材料，包括教科书、在线视频，甚至博客文章，可推理出空白处说的是可以通过多种免费资源自学，与D项“You can learn new things without paying for a class.(你可以不用付费上课就能学习新事物)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。 3.根据上文“Learn through practical experience. The most effective way to learn something is just to do it! Books and tutorials (教程) are excellent primers (入门指南), but try to start performing the new skill as soon as possible. Learn through trial and error rather than spending all your time on theories and memorization.(通过实践经验学习。学习某样东西最有效的方法就是去做！书籍和教程是很好的入门指南，但尽量尽早开始练习新技能。通过尝试和错误来学习，而不是把所有时间都花在理论和记忆上)”可知，这里强调了将所学知识应用到实践中，与G项“Apply the ideas you’ve learned and find out what works best for you in practice.(应用你所学到的知识，并找出在实践中对你最有效的方法)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。 4.根据上文“Teach someone else. Teaching a skill enables you to understand it better. Why? By teaching someone else, you first have to think about the skill or subject and break it down into easily explainable pieces.(教别人。教一种技能能让你更好地理解它。为什么？通过教别人，你首先必须思考这种技能或主题，并将其分解成易于解释的部分)”可知，上文说的是通过教别人，可推理出这里强调了教别人能帮助自己更好地理解所学内容，与F项“The better you can explain something, the better you understand it.(你越能解释清楚某件事，你就越能理解它)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。 5.根据下文“A plan will help you stay on track with your new pursuit (爱好). Devote at least 20 hours to learning the skill; research shows that spending 20 hours on any skill will greatly improve your understanding and ability. Reserve practice time for days when you have plenty of free time and the time of day when you feel most alert(机敏的).(一个计划能帮助你保持对新爱好的关注。至少花20个小时学习这项技能；研究表明，花20个小时在任何技能上都能大大提升你的理解和能力。预留练习时间在你有大量空闲时间的日子和你感觉最机敏的时间)”可知，下文提到了一个计划能帮助你保持对新爱好的关注，可推理出这里提到了制定学习计划的重要性，与B项“Set a study or practice schedule.(制定一个学习或练习计划)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·辽宁丹东·期中） Research reveals that showing you’re happy can enhance both physical and mental health. And here is why. Smiling is a stress reliever. A University of Kansas study found that participants who were asked to smile during stressful tasks had lower heart rates during stress recovery. So it seems even forcing yourself to look happy helps to manage tricky situations. Smiling may lower blood pressure. The benefits of smile go beyond stress reduction. 6 Another research has shown that blood pressure doesn’t rise when people are exposed to humour. Smiling boosts immunity. A smile releases certain hormones in the brain, including serotonin, which is associated with an improvement in immune function. Depression, meanwhile, can weaken your immune system. 7 A smile can reduce your pain. Being amused also prompts the release of endorphins (内啡肽) in the brain. 8 In one study, participants who smiled while being injected reported 40 percent less pain. 9 It seems smiling really can boost your mood, rather than simply being a response to feeling happy. A 2022 study of 3,878 participants in 19 countries found people’s happiness rating was higher when they smiled. Of course, smiling endears you to others and helps you to connect with them. 10 Give yourself cues to remind you to smile — when you see someone laughing or you’re making a cup of tea — or put a note on your phone as a reminder. Think of something pleasurable, such as a favourite person, place or memory when you smile. You will harvest the rewards of your continuous efforts. A．Looking happy encourages positivity. B．Endorphins are the body’s natural painkillers. C．Those who have the broadest smile live longer. D．If you practise enough, it’ll become second nature. E．So, it makes sense to smile more if you want to stay well. F．It is also likely to have a knock-on effect on blood pressure. G．It not only releases endorphins but also boosts your immune system. 【答案】6．F 7．E 8．B 9．A 10．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了微笑对身心健康的多重益处，包括缓解压力、降低血压、增强免疫力、减轻疼痛和提升幸福感等。 6.上文“The benefits of smile go beyond stress reduction.(微笑的好处不仅仅是减轻压力)”说明微笑的好处不止一个，下文“Another research has shown that blood pressure doesn’t rise when people are exposed to humour.(另一项研究表明，当人们接触到幽默时，血压不会升高)”表明接触幽默时血压不会升高，F项“它也可能对血压产生连锁反应。”说明微笑与血压的关系，承上启下，既体现了微笑的额外好处，又引出了下文关于血压的研究，符合语境。故选F。 7.上文“A smile releases certain hormones in the brain, including serotonin, which is associated with an improvement in immune function. Depression, meanwhile, can weaken your immune system.(微笑会释放大脑中的某些激素，包括血清素，这与免疫功能的改善有关。与此同时，抑郁会削弱你的免疫系统)”说明微笑对免疫系统的好处，E项“所以，如果你想保持健康，多微笑是有道理的。”总结上文，将微笑与免疫功能、健康联系起来，和上文之间是因果关系。故选E。 8．上文“Being amused also prompts the release of endorphins in the brain.(被逗乐也会促使大脑释放内啡肽)”表明微笑释放内啡肽，下文“In one study, participants who smiled while being injected reported 40 percent less pain.(一项研究中，微笑着接受注射的参与者报告疼痛减少了40%)”表明微笑可以减轻痛苦，B项“内啡肽是人体天然的止痛药。”直接解释其止痛作用，与后句研究数据形成因果关系，Endorphins与上文呼应，painkillers与下文less pain相呼应，符合语境。故选B。 9．下文“It seems smiling really can boost your mood, rather than simply being a response to feeling happy. A 2022 study of 3,878 participants in 19 countries found people’s happiness rating was higher when they smiled.(似乎微笑真的能提升你的情绪，而不仅仅是对快乐的一种反应。2022年一项针对19个国家3878名参与者的研究发现，当人们微笑时，他们的幸福感评分更高)”说明微笑能提升情绪，空处位于段首，应为本段的主题句，概括本段内容，A项“看起来快乐能激发积极性。”与下文的观点完全一致，符合语境。故选A。 10.上文“Of course, smiling endears you to others and helps you to connect with them.(当然，微笑能让你更讨人喜欢，帮助你与他人建立联系)”说明微笑增进人际关系，下文“Give yourself cues to remind you to smile — when you see someone laughing or you’re making a cup of tea — or put a note on your phone as a reminder.(给自己一些提示来提醒自己微笑——比如当你看到有人大笑时，或者在你泡茶的时候——或者在手机上贴一张便签作为提醒)”给出练习微笑的具体建议，D项“如果你练习得足够多，它就会成为你的第二天性。”衔接上下文，既呼应了微笑的好处，又引出了下文的练习建议，符合语境。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·广东广州·期中） As I stepped off the plane in Yunnan, I was about to begin an unforgettable experience: the Water-Splashing Festival. On the morning of the festival, people were busy getting prepared. Their faces lit with expectation. I, a foreigner, really stood out in the street. A passing vendor (小贩) noticed my out-of-place expression and flashed me a wide smile. 11 Walking through the lively streets of Xishuangbanna with excitement, I saw a group of local children approaching me, their eyes shining with kindness. They handed me a traditional Dai hat and in that simple gesture, I felt a connection to this land and its people. 12 Such a moment highlights how the Water-Splashing Festival is more than just an event; it’s a celebration of warmth and openness. Soon, the most important event, the water splashing, began. People of all ages, armed with water guns and buckets, filled the streets. 13 The thought of getting completely wet in front of so many strangers made me nervous. But then, a group of local boys targeted me with their water guns. Before I knew it, I got wet through, and a burst of laughter escaped my lips. In that moment, all my hesitations faded away. 14 But for me, it was also a way to wash away the distance between myself and the people around me. As the sun began to set, the festival finally ended. But the memories created, the friendship formed, the cultural understanding gained would last a lifetime. 15 It caught me that by being brave enough to explore new cultures, we open ourselves up to a world of possibilities. We enrich our lives in ways we could never have imagined, filling them laughter, warmth, and the magic of cultural connection. A．At first, I was a bit hesitant. B．That warmth and friendliness immediately put me at ease. C．The water-splashing had a long history for the Dai people. D．It made me understand that a kind act can break down cultural barriers. E．This led to my new understanding of communicating with different people. F．My time at Yunnan’s Water-Splashing Festival was a journey of discovery. G．In Dai culture, splashing water means getting rid of bad luck and welcoming the new. 【答案】11．B 12．D 13．A 14．G 15．F 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在云南参加泼水节的难忘经历，通过这次经历作者感受到了傣族文化的温暖与开放，也对跨文化交流有了新的认识。 11.根据上文“A passing vendor (小贩) noticed my out-of-place expression and flashed me a wide smile. (一个路过的小贩注意到我异样的表情，对我露出了灿烂的笑容)”可知，小贩的笑容让作者感到放松。B选项“That warmth and friendliness immediately put me at ease. (那种热情友好立刻让我放松了下来)”，承接上文，说明小贩的笑容和友好让作者感到放松。故选B项。 12.根据上文“They handed me a traditional Dai hat and in that simple gesture, I felt a connection to this land and its people. (他们递给我一顶传统的傣族帽子，通过这个简单的举动，我感受到了与这片土地及其人民的联系)”以及下文“Such a moment highlights how the Water-Splashing Festival is more than just an event; it’s a celebration of warmth and openness. (这样的时刻凸显了泼水节不仅仅是一个活动；它是对热情与开放的颂扬)”可知，作者在描述与当地孩子的互动时，感受到了温暖和开放，且这种互动打破了文化障碍。D选项“It made me understand that a kind act can break down cultural barriers. (这让我明白，一个善意的举动可以打破文化障碍)”，承接上文，说明孩子们的善意举动让作者感受到了与当地文化的连接，同时引出下文对泼水节意义的阐述。故选D项。 13.根据下文“The thought of getting completely wet in front of so many strangers made me nervous. (一想到要在这么多陌生人面前被淋成落汤鸡，我就紧张)”可知，作者一开始对泼水感到犹豫和紧张。A选项“At first, I was a bit hesitant. (一开始，我有点犹豫)”，引出下文的紧张情绪，逻辑一致。故选A项。 14.根据下文“But for me, it was also a way to wash away the distance between myself and the people around me. (但对我来说，这也是一种消除我和周围人之间距离的方式)”可知，空处与下文是转折关系，说明泼水对傣族人来说有特殊的意义，同时对作者来说也有消除距离的作用。G选项“In Dai culture, splashing water means getting rid of bad luck and welcoming the new. (在傣族文化中，泼水意味着摆脱厄运，迎接新事物)”，解释了泼水在傣族文化中的意义，与下文形成转折，符合这种逻辑。故选G项。 15.根据下文“It caught me that by being brave enough to explore new cultures, we open ourselves up to a world of possibilities. We enrich our lives in ways we could never have imagined, filling them laughter, warmth, and the magic of cultural connection. (我突然意识到，只要勇敢地去探索新文化，我们就能开启一个充满无限可能的世界。我们以一种难以想象的方式丰富了自己的生活，让生活充满欢笑、温暖，以及文化交融带来的奇妙体验)”可知，作者在总结自己的泼水节经历，说明探索新文化带来的丰富体验和人生感悟。F选项“My time at Yunnan’s Water-Splashing Festival was a journey of discovery. (我在云南泼水节的时光是一次探索之旅)”，概括了文章主旨，引出下文的感悟，说明了作者在泼水节的经历是一次文化探索之旅。故选F项。 主题03 人与社会——社会文化与生活方式 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·广西玉林·期中） Having a good relationship with your roommate is important. 1 If you and your roommates make the effort, a peaceful and happy home is in your future. Before starting the journey to find a roommate, it’s important to make sure you will get along. Take a moment to think about your living preferences before making a decision. Getting along doesn’t mean you and your roommate have to share all of the same interests or be best friends. 2 Once you’ve found a friendly roommate, the next key step for a warm living environment is to set clear rules through a roommate agreement. This document should include rights and responsibilities, covering rent payments, chores, and privacy. 3 Besides, agreeing on personal space rules also makes sure both of you feel comfortable at home. Achieving a fair way of dealing with money also helps avoid arguments. This includes dividing the cost of rent, bills, and other shared costs in a way that everyone agrees on. Dividing rent equally (平等地) among roommates is nice. 4 In this case, it might be better to decide each person’s rent flexibly (灵活地). 5 . Creating an environment where open and regular communication is welcomed is key to solving problems before they get worse. One way of keeping communication clear is to have regular “check-in” meetings. They provide roommates with time to talk about home things, share problems in a helpful manner, and celebrate successes or share personal news. A．Your lifestyles and values just have to be similar. B．A friendly atmosphere depends on how you think. C．However, one’s room might have more advantages. D．You can include what you want to list in the agreement. E．Living with others may seem hard, but it doesn’t have to be. F．Communication is the basis of good roommate relationships. G．Clear discussions about money and chore sharing prevent fights. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．G 4．C 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了与室友建立良好关系的实用方法，包括选择适配室友、制定包含权利责任与分摊规则的协议、灵活处理费用分配及通过定期沟通预防矛盾等关键步骤。 1．空前句“Having a good relationship with your roommate is important.(与室友建立良好关系很重要)”点明主题，强调重要性；空后句“If you and your roommates make the effort, a peaceful and happy home is in your future.(如果你和你的室友做出努力，一个和平快乐的家就在你的未来)”提到，如果双方努力，就能实现和平快乐的家，转向积极解决方案。选项E“Living with others may seem hard, but it doesn’t have to be.(和别人住在一起可能看起来很难，但事实并非如此)”通过承认潜在挑战（承上），同时暗示问题可解决（启下），为后文的努力与结果做铺垫，承上启下，符合语境。故选E。 2．空前句“Getting along doesn’t mean you and your roommate have to share all of the same interests or be best friends.(相处融洽并不意味着你和你的室友必须拥有相同的兴趣或成为最好的朋友)”提到，相处融洽不要求兴趣相同或成为挚友，否定了表面共性。选项A“Your lifestyles and values just have to be similar.(你们的生活方式和价值观必须相似)”提到只需生活方式和价值观相似，直接承接空前句的“不要求兴趣相同”，指出核心相似点（生活方式和价值观），承接上文，符合语境。故选A。 3．空前句“This document should include rights and responsibilities, covering rent payments, chores, and privacy.(这份文件应该包括权利和责任，包括租金、家务和隐私)”详述室友协议内容；空后句“Besides, agreeing on personal space rules also makes sure both of you feel comfortable at home.(此外，在个人空间规则上达成一致也能确保你们在家里感觉舒适)”补充协议延伸。选项G“Clear discussions about money and chore sharing prevent fights.(关于金钱和家务分担的明确讨论可以防止争吵)”说明清晰讨论金钱和杂务分工可预防争执，总结空前句的“租金、杂务”要点，点明其作用（防冲突），同时与空后句的“舒适”形成因果链（讨论规则→避免冲突→确保舒适），起到承上启下作用。故选G。 4．空前句“Dividing rent equally among roommates is nice.(在室友之间平均分摊房租是不错的)”肯定平等分租；空后句“In this case, it might be better to decide each person’s rent flexibly.(在这种情况下，最好是灵活地决定每个人的租金)”提出例外方案。选项C“However, one’s room might have more advantages.(然而，一个人的房间可能有更多的优势)”以转折词“However”引出不平等因素，解释为何均分不总是公平，自然触发空后句的“灵活分租”方案，承上启下，符合语境。故选C。 5．本空要填的是段落主题句。空后句“Creating an environment where open and regular communication is welcomed is key to solving problems before they get worse.(创造一个欢迎公开和定期交流的环境是在问题恶化之前解决问题的关键)”聚焦沟通的核心作用；下文“One way of keeping communication clear is to have regular “check-in” meetings.( 保持沟通清晰的一种方法是定期召开“定期”会议)”进一步以“定期会议”例证沟通实践。选项F“Communication is the basis of good roommate relationships.(交流是良好室友关系的基础)”作为段落主题句，直接概括后文核心（沟通环境的重要性），且“basis”与后文“key”形成同义替换。故选F。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·河南南阳·期中）You can picture it already: relaxing with your closest friends and exploring new exciting destinations. All the while you’re enjoying great food and making fantastic memories (回忆). 6 Use our tips to plan a trip with friends where you’ll come home not only relaxed but closer than ever. 7 Slow down and honestly discuss what everyone hopes to get out of the vacation before booking anything. Talk about where you’d like to and how long a vacation is OK for all. Will you be together all of the time? 8 Will there be one or two main planning leaders? Make sure everyone plays a part in planning the vacation. Have the money talk. No one likes the uncomfortable talk about how the money is going to work, but it is a necessary part of planning. 9 So it’s best to have honest conversations about money. Try to find some common ground when planning a budget (预算) for accommodations, visiting attractions, meals out, and activities. Stay safe. While you don’t have to be with the group every minute of your trip, agree to stay accountable (负有责任的) to each other for everyone’s safety. That means no leaving without telling the group where you’re going. 10 Look out for one another and use common sense so everyone stays safe. A．Have a full discussion. B．Choose a tour leader of your group. C．Will there be days to explore separately? D．People often have different ideas when it comes to money. E．Be sure that everyone has each other’s contact information on their phone. F．Having a travel adviser would be easier than doing all the booking yourself. G．However, travelling with your closest friends sometimes can be a terrible experience. 【答案】6．G 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了与最亲密的朋友一起旅行的几个规划建议，包括在预订前充分讨论期望、坦诚交流预算问题、确保彼此间的安全责任等，以确保旅行愉快且增进友谊。 6．上文“You can picture it already: relaxing with your closest friends and exploring new exciting destinations. All the while you’re enjoying great food and making fantastic memories (回忆). (你可以想象一下这样的场景：与最亲密的朋友们一起放松，探索那些充满新奇与刺激的地方。与此同时，你还能品尝到美味的食物，留下美好的回忆。)”提到与朋友一起放松和探索新目的地的美好画面，而G选项“However, travelling with your closest friends sometimes can be a terrible experience. (然而，和最亲密的朋友们一起旅行有时却会是一次糟糕的经历。)”通过“however”进行转折，指出与最亲密的朋友一起旅行有时也可能是一次糟糕的经历，从而引出下文关于如何规划一次愉快的旅行的建议。因此，G选项承上启下，符合语境。故选G。 7．下文“Slow down and honestly discuss what everyone hopes to get out of the vacation before booking anything. (在预订任何行程之前，先放慢脚步，诚实地讨论一下每个人希望通过这次度假达成什么样的目标。)”，提到要在预订之前放慢脚步，诚实地讨论每个人希望从假期中获得什么。A选项“Have a full discussion. (进行充分的讨论。)”，与下文内容相呼应，强调了讨论的重要性，符合题意。故选A。 8．上文“Will you be together all of the time? (你们会一直在一起吗？)”提出问题指出你会和朋友们在一起吗；C选项“Will there be days to explore separately? (有没有分开探索的时间？)”是对上文问题的进一步提问，关于旅行中是否有各自探索的时间，符合语境。故选C。 9．上文提到“No one likes the uncomfortable talk about how the money is going to work, but it is a necessary part of planning. (没有人喜欢那种关于资金运作方式的令人不适的讨论，但这是规划过程中必不可少的一部分。)”指出没有人喜欢谈论钱怎么花这种不舒服的话题，但这是计划的一部分。D选项“People often have different ideas when it comes to money. (当谈到钱时，人们往往有不同的想法。)”解释了为什么谈论钱会不舒服，因为人们往往有不同的观点，符合题意。故选D。 10．上文“That means no leaving without telling the group where you’re going. (这意味着在离开之前，必须先告知团队你要去的地方。)”提出离开前必须告诉团队你要去哪里。E选项“Be sure that everyone has each other’s contact information on their phone. (确保每个人的手机上都有彼此的联系方式。)”，是对上文内容的补充，强调了为了安全起见，需要确保团队成员之间有联系方式，以便随时联系，符合语境。故选E。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·福建厦门·期中） Knowing exactly how to comfort your friend and what to say isn’t always easy, and you might be feeling a little tongue-tied. Keep reading and you can learn the effective ways to comfort a friend when they’ re feeling down. 11 Give your undivided attention and allow your friend to openly share their experiences. Avoid interrupting or offering immediate advice unless they specifically ask for it. Sometimes, all someone needs is a compassionate ear to listen to their worries, fears, or frustrations. Empathy plays a vital role in comforting a friend. Try to understand them by putting yourself in their shoes. Acknowledge their emotions by saying things like, “I can imagine this is really tough for you” or “ 12 ” Offering support is another critical aspect of comforting a friend. Remind them that difficult times are temporary and that they have your unwavering support throughout their journey. 13 . Lastly, following up and checking in on your friend’s well-being is essential. 14 Send them a thoughtful message, plan activities together, or simply ask how they’ re doing. Let them know that your support is continuous and that you are there for them whenever they need someone to lean on. Remember, everyone responds to comfort differently. 15 The most important thing is to show genuine care and understanding as you provide comfort to your friend in their time of need. A．Encourage them to seek any necessary help they may need B．Listening attentively is the key in providing comfort. C．Comforting someone should not be a one-time act but an ongoing process. D．Ask your friend to express their emotions and thoughts. E．Therefore, be open and flexible(灵活的)in your approach. F．It sounds like you’ re feeling rather disappointed. G．I don’t think the situation is as bad as you imagine. 【答案】11．B 12．F 13．A 14．C 15．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了如何有效安慰情绪低落的朋友，强调了倾听、共情、持续支持和灵活应对的重要性。 11．根据空后“Give your undivided attention and allow your friend to openly share their experiences. Avoid interrupting or offering immediate advice unless they specifically ask for it. Sometimes, all someone needs is a compassionate ear to listen to their worries, fears, or frustrations.(全神贯注地倾听，让你的朋友能够毫无保留地分享他们的经历。不要打断他们或立即给出建议，除非他们明确提出需要。有时候，人们所需要的仅仅是一双充满同情心的耳朵，来倾听他们所担忧、恐惧或沮丧的情绪。)”可知，此处强调给予朋友全神贯注倾听的重要性，且空处为主旨句。B项“Listening attentively is the key in providing comfort.(用心倾听是给予安慰的关键所在。)”强调倾听是安慰的关键，概括全段内容，而且选项中的Listening与空后的listen为高频词复现，选项中的Listening attentively与undivided attention为同义复现，符合上下文语境，故选B项。 12．根据段首句“Empathy plays a vital role in comforting a friend.(同理心在安慰朋友时起着至关重要的作用。)”以及空前“Acknowledge their emotions by saying things like, “I can imagine this is really tough for you.” or(通过说诸如“我能理解这对你来说确实很艰难。”之类的话来表达对他们的情绪的认同。)”可知，此处指出我们要有同理心，即对于朋友的情绪我们要表达认同。F项“It sounds like you’ re feeling rather disappointed.(听起来你似乎感到相当失望。)”直接认可情绪，与or前的“I can imagine this is really tough for you.”(“我能理解这对你来说确实很难。”)为并列关系，通过换位思考和语言认可对方的情绪，是同理心的表现，符合上下文语境，故选F项。 13．空前“Offering support is another critical aspect of comforting a friend. Remind them that difficult times are temporary and that they have your unwavering support throughout their journey.(提供支持是安慰朋友的另一个重要方面。提醒他们，困难只是暂时的，在他们的人生旅途中，你会毫不动摇地支持他们。)”指出给朋友提供支持的重要性。A项“Encourage them to seek any necessary help they may need.(鼓励他们去寻求他们可能需要的任何帮助。)”指出我们要鼓励朋友寻求帮助，对支持性行动进行了补充，符合上下文语境，故选A项。 14．根据空前“Lastly, following up and checking in on your friend’s well-being is essential.(最后，定期关心并了解你朋友的近况是非常重要的。)”可知，本段的建议是要定期关心并了解朋友的近况，根据空后“ Send them a thoughtful message, plan activities together, or simply ask how they’ re doing. Let them know that your support is continuous and that you are there for them whenever they need someone to lean on.(给他们发一条贴心的短信，一起策划一些活动，或者只是问问他们的近况如何。让他们知道你的支持是持续不断的，而且无论何时他们需要依靠他人时，你都会在他们身边。)”可知，此处指出对于朋友的支持要是持续不断的，C项“Comforting someone should not be a one-time act but an ongoing process.(安慰他人不应只是一次性的行为，而应是一个持续的过程。)”指出安慰他人应是一个持续的过程，承接上文，引出下文，选项中的ongoing与空后的continuous为同义词复现，符合上下文语境，故选C项。 15．根据空前“Remember, everyone responds to comfort differently.(要记住，每个人对舒适感的反应都是不同的。)”可知，此处的建议是要记住每个人对舒适感的反应都是不同的，那就意味着对于不同的人我们要有不同的态度，E项“Therefore, be open and flexible(灵活的)in your approach.(因此，在你的方法上要保持开放和灵活的态度。)”指出在方法上要保持开放和灵活的态度，与上文之间构成因果关系，符合上下文语境，故选E项。 主题01 人与社会——社会参与人际关系 Passage 1 （23-24高一上·山西吕梁·期中） Volunteers make a significant difference in the lives of others. Often, they perform voluntary activities with the intention of helping those in need. 1 From enlarging your social circle to lowering stress, volunteering offers many social and mental benefits. 2 Volunteers perform important roles in their duties. They serve as greeters providing patient room information and directions. Many volunteers use their craft skills to make blankets, sweaters and hats that typically are given to newborn babies and patients. Outside of a health care setting, volunteers improve our beaches, parks, and other public services. Volunteers’ work is necessary for everyday activities, which makes them feel that their life is meaningful. Volunteering helps you meet others and develop new relationships. One of the best ways to make new friends and strengthen relationships is to take part in a shared activity. 3 Spending your time working as a volunteer also helps you expand your network and practice social skills with others. Volunteering helps you be grateful. This social emotion isn’t always the easiest to express, but it can strengthen relationships with those closest to you. Volunteering allows you to take a step back to look at the bigger picture, which can help you realize you should never take life for granted (对……不予重视) and always be appreciative of what you have. 4 Volunteering may reduce stress levels 5 . Moreover, it increases positive, relaxed feelings by releasing dopamine. By enjoying time spent in service to others, you will feel a sense of meaning and appreciation, both given and received, which can have a stress-reducing effect. A．Volunteering gives purpose. B．It leads to lower rates of anxiety. C．What do you hope to get out of volunteering? D．There are organizations actively seeking volunteers. E．But do you know volunteering benefits your own health as well? F．It’s the little things you have that give you a sense of satisfaction. G．Volunteering is a great way to meet new people sharing common interests. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．G 4．F 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了志愿服务对志愿者自身健康、社交、心理等多方面带来的益处。 1．由上文“Volunteers make a significant difference in the lives of others. Often, they perform voluntary activities with the intention of helping those in need. (志愿者在别人的生活中发挥着重要作用。他们经常以帮助有需要的人为目的进行志愿活动。)”及下文“From enlarging your social circle to lowering stress, volunteering offers many social and mental benefits. (从扩大你的社交圈到减轻压力，志愿服务提供了许多社会和心理上的好处。)”可知，上文提到志愿者帮助他人，下文则说志愿服务对志愿者自身的好处，本空应过渡到志愿服务对自身的好处，E选项“But do you know volunteering benefits your own health as well? (但是你知道志愿服务也有益于你自己的健康吗？)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。 2．由下文“Volunteers perform important roles in their duties. They serve as greeters providing patient room information and directions. Many volunteers use their craft skills to make blankets, sweaters and hats that typically are given to newborn babies and patients. Outside of a health care setting, volunteers improve our beaches, parks, and other public services. Volunteers’ work is necessary for everyday activities, which makes them feel that their life is meaningful. (志愿者在职责中扮演重要角色。他们作为迎宾员，提供病房信息和指引。许多志愿者利用他们的手工艺技能制作毯子、毛衣和帽子，这些通常送给新生儿和病人。在医疗环境之外，志愿者改善我们的海滩、公园和其他公共服务。志愿者的工作对日常活动是必要的，这让他们觉得自己的生活是有意义的。)”可知，本空应强调志愿服务带来的意义感和目标感，A选项“Volunteering gives purpose. (志愿服务赋予了目标。)”能概括本段内容，符合题意。故选A。 3．由上文“Volunteering helps you meet others and develop new relationships. One of the best ways to make new friends and strengthen relationships is to take part in a shared activity. (志愿服务有助于你结识他人并建立新的关系。结交新朋友和加强关系的最佳方式之一是参加共同的活动。)”及下文“Spending your time working as a volunteer also helps you expand your network and practice social skills with others. (花时间做志愿者工作也有助于你扩大人际网络，并与他人练习社交技能。)”可知，上文提到志愿服务有助于结识他人，下文说有助于扩大人际网络，本空应强调志愿服务有助于结交新朋友。G选项“Volunteering is a great way to meet new people sharing common interests. (志愿服务是结识有共同兴趣的新朋友的好方法。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。 4．由上文“Volunteering allows you to take a step back to look at the bigger picture, which can help you realize you should never take life for granted (对……不予重视) and always be appreciative of what you have. (志愿服务让你退后一步，从更宏观的角度看问题，这可以帮助你意识到你永远不应该把生活视为理所当然，并且要永远感激你所拥有的。)”可知，本空应与感激和满足感相关。F选项“It’s the little things you have that give you a sense of satisfaction. (正是你所拥有的小事情给了你一种满足感。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。 5．由上文“Volunteering may reduce stress levels (志愿服务可以降低压力水平)”及下文“Moreover, it increases positive, relaxed feelings by releasing dopamine. (此外，它通过释放多巴胺增加积极、放松的感觉。)”可知，本空应与降低压力水平相关，B选项“It leads to lower rates of anxiety. (它能降低焦虑率。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·四川达州·期中） If you are looking for meaningful yet easy ways to volunteer from home, then you’ll love this list of opportunities for remote volunteers. 6 , there are also ways to make a difference without leaving home. Below is a list of virtual volunteer opportunities that allow you to have a positive impact while sitting on your couch. Use your creativity to help at-risk communities 7 . It has a number of community projects that allow remote volunteers to create hand-sewn (手缝的) items that would benefit women and children in shelters. Some of their current projects include sewing pillowcases, dolls and patches. Help a family in need to buy holiday gifts for their children Camp Dreamcatcher offers free educational programs for young people whose lives have been affected by AlDS. Along with their in-person camp, which also recruits (招募) volunteers, those looking for ways to volunteer from home can take part in the Adopt A Family program. This involves adopting a family and assisting them in purchasing holiday gifts from their child’s wish list. 8 Set aside a portion of your shopping expenses to benefit a cause If you’re looking for easy ways to volunteer from home, it doesn’t get much simpler than swapping your regular Amazon browser for AmazonSmile. 9 . However, the difference is that when using AmazonSmile, 0.5% of the purchase price of the products gets donated to the charity of your choice.   10    World Hunger Education Services’ Hunger Quiz opportunity definitely deserves a spot on this list of easy ways to volunteer from home. In fact, you simply need to read some educational material about world hunger and then answer a series of questions. When you complete a quiz, the organization donates $0.02-$0.10 to help feed hungry people. A．Plant a row to feed the hungry. B．Take a quiz to help end hunger. C．You’ll be able to see the list before signing up. D．AmazonSmile has the same pricing as Amazon.com. E．Volunteering from home is easy with Enchanted Makeovers. F．Volunteers can also help to make pillows, blankets and more. G．While offering time to in-person and volunteer abroad projects can be worthwhile. 【答案】6．G 7．E 8．C 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍几种可在家参与的远程志愿活动，如用创意帮助社区等。 6．根据上文“If you are looking for meaningful yet easy ways to volunteer from home, then you’ll love this list of opportunities for remote volunteers.(如果你正在寻找有意义但又简单的在家志愿服务方式，那么你会喜欢这份远程志愿者机会列表。)”及下文“there are also ways to make a difference without leaving home.(也有不出家门就能有所作为的方法。)”可知，此空需衔接“线下志愿”与“线上志愿”的对比。G选项“While offering time to in-person and volunteer abroad projects can be worthwhile(虽然为面对面的国外志愿项目奉献时间是值得的)”中的“While”表让步，“in-person and volunteer abroad projects”与下文“without leaving home”形成对比，引出“远程志愿”的话题，符合语境。故选G项。 7．根据段落主题句“Use your creativity to help at-risk communities(利用你的创造力帮助处于危险中的社区)”及下文“It has a number of community projects that allow remote volunteers to create hand-sewn (手缝的) items that would benefit women and children in shelters. (它有许多社区项目，允许远程志愿者制作手缝物品，这些物品将使庇护所中的妇女和儿童受益。)”可知，“It”指代空格处的组织名称。E选项“Volunteering from home is easy with Enchanted Makeovers(通过Enchanted Makeovers在家志愿服务很容易)”中的“Enchanted Makeovers”提供了“it”的具体所指，“Volunteering from home”对应“remote volunteers”，符合段落中“通过手缝物品帮助社区”的描述。故选E项。 8．根据上文“Along with their in-person camp, which also recruits (招募) volunteers, those looking for ways to volunteer from home can take part in the Adopt A Family program. This involves adopting a family and assisting them in purchasing holiday gifts from their child’s wish list. (除了会招募志愿者的线下营地活动外，那些想寻找居家志愿服务方式的人可以参加“领养家庭”项目。该项目包括“领养”一个家庭，并帮助他们根据孩子的愿望清单购买节日礼物。)”可知，此空需补充该项目的具体细节。C选项“You’ll be able to see the list before signing up(你可以在注册前查看清单)”中的“the list”指代上文“child’s wish list”，“before signing up”说明志愿流程，衔接“assisting in purchasing gifts”的行为，符合语境。故选C项。 9．根据上文“If you’re looking for easy ways to volunteer from home, it doesn’t get much simpler than swapping your regular Amazon browser for AmazonSmile. (如果你在寻找简单的居家志愿服务方式，没有什么比把日常使用的亚马逊浏览器换成“亚马逊微笑”（AmazonSmile）更简便的了。)”及下文“However, the difference is that when using AmazonSmile, 0.5% of the purchase price of the products gets donated to the charity of your choice. (不过，区别在于使用“亚马逊微笑”（AmazonSmile）时，商品购买价格的 0.5% 会捐赠给你选择的慈善机构。)”可知，此空需说明AmazonSmile与普通亚马逊的相似之处。D选项“AmazonSmile has the same pricing as Amazon.com(AmazonSmile的价格与Amazon.com相同)”中的“same pricing”体现了两者的一致性，“However”引出下文的差异，符合“先同后异”的对比逻辑。故选D项。 10．根据下文“World Hunger Education Services’ Hunger Quiz opportunity definitely deserves a spot on this list of easy ways to volunteer from home. In fact, you simply need to read some educational material about world hunger and then answer a series of questions. When you complete a quiz, the organization donates $0.02-$0.10 to help feed hungry people. (世界饥饿教育服务组织（World Hunger Education Services）的“饥饿知识测验”（Hunger Quiz）绝对值得列入这份轻松居家志愿服务的清单。事实上，你只需阅读一些关于世界饥饿的教育资料，然后回答一系列问题即可。当你完成一次测验后，该组织会捐赠0.02到0.10美元用于帮助喂养饥饿人群。)”可知，本段核心为通过测验帮助结束饥饿。B选项“Take a quiz to help end hunger(参加测验帮助结束饥饿)”为祈使句，与其它段落的主题句句式一致，作为段落主题句，概括了本段的主题，“Take a quiz”对应“complete a quiz”，“help end hunger”概括了测验的目的，适合作小标题。故选B项。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·四川绵阳·期中） Different types of volunteer opportunities for teenagers exist in a wide range of time periods and fields. 11 Types of these opportunities include working with young children, pets, or the elderly. After-school opportunities can help teenagers develop a sense of responsibility and a good work attitude. Volunteer opportunities for teenagers looking to volunteer after school include private teaching and volunteering as an instructor. 12 During the holidays, a wide variety of volunteer opportunities exist to help give back to the surrounding community during times of need. 13 Helping to organize a toy drive or hand out donated gifts is another way for teenagers to get involved during the holiday season. 14 Volunteers can help keep animals clean, fed, and exercised. Teenagers who intend to enter professions handling animals can benefit from the learning experience of handling a wide range of animals while sharing love and care with animals in need. Working with the elderly is another opportunity for teenagers. 15 In addition, regular volunteer opportunities for teenagers can include visiting elderly neighbors, running errands for those who have a hard time getting out, and helping them around their own homes with chores and basic upkeep, such as mowing the lawn. A．Options may also vary according to a child’s age. B．It’s necessary to do some research to find volunteer opportunities. C．Volunteering to help pets is a choice for teenagers with a love of animals. D．They are available after school, during the summer, and over the holidays. E．Nursing homes can use teenage volunteers for arts activities and regular visits. F．These opportunities can often be found through local schools or community centers. G．Volunteering at food banks and homeless shelters is a good way to help the less fortunate. 【答案】11．D 12．F 13．G 14．C 15．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了青少年可以参与的不同类型的志愿者机会。 11．上文“Different types of volunteer opportunities for teenagers exist in a wide range of time periods and fields.(青少年有各种各样的志愿者机会，存在于不同的时间段和领域)”提到了志愿者机会存在于不同的时间段，由此可推测出，此空应该是在介绍志愿者机会的时间段，选项D“They are available after school, during the summer, and over the holidays.(它们可以在放学后、暑假和假期期间进行)”符合语境，且选项中的“They”指代上文的“volunteer opportunities”。故选D。 12．上文“After-school opportunities can help teenagers develop a sense of responsibility and a good work attitude. Volunteer opportunities for teenagers looking to volunteer after school include private teaching and volunteering as an instructor.(放学后的机会可以帮助青少年培养责任感和良好的工作态度。想要在放学后做志愿者的青少年的志愿者机会包括私人教学和担任导师)”提到了放学后做志愿者的机会，由此可推测出，此空应该是在介绍这些机会的来源，选项F“These opportunities can often be found through local schools or community centers.(这些机会通常可以通过当地的学校或社区中心找到)”符合语境。故选F。 13．上文“During the holidays, a wide variety of volunteer opportunities exist to help give back to the surrounding community during times of need.(在假期期间，有各种各样的志愿者机会，可以在需要的时候帮助回馈周围的社区)”提到了假期期间的志愿者机会，下文“Helping to organize a toy drive or hand out donated gifts is another way for teenagers to get involved during the holiday season.(帮助组织玩具募捐活动或分发捐赠的礼物是青少年在假期期间参与的另一种方式)”提到了假期期间做志愿者的另一种方式。由此可推测出，此空应该是在介绍假期期间做志愿者的方式，选项G“Volunteering at food banks and homeless shelters is a good way to help the less fortunate.(在食品银行和无家可归者收容所做志愿者是帮助不幸者的好方法)”符合语境。故选G。 14．下文“Volunteers can help keep animals clean, fed, and exercised.(志愿者可以帮助保持动物清洁、喂食和锻炼)”提到了志愿者可以帮助动物，由此可推测出，此空应该是在介绍与动物有关的志愿者机会，选项C“Volunteering to help pets is a choice for teenagers with a love of animals.(对于热爱动物的青少年来说，志愿帮助宠物是一个选择)”符合语境。故选C。 15．上文“Working with the elderly is another opportunity for teenagers.(与老年人一起工作是青少年的另一个机会)”提到了与老年人一起工作是青少年的志愿者机会，下文“In addition, regular volunteer opportunities for teenagers can include visiting elderly neighbors, running errands for those who have a hard time getting out, and helping them around their own homes with chores and basic upkeep, such as mowing the lawn.(此外，青少年的定期志愿者机会可以包括拜访年长的邻居，为那些难以出门的人跑腿，以及帮助他们在家做家务和基本的维护，比如修剪草坪)”提到了与老年人一起工作的其他志愿者机会。由此可推测出，此空应该是在介绍与老年人一起工作的志愿者机会，选项E“Nursing homes can use teenage volunteers for arts activities and regular visits.(养老院可以利用青少年志愿者进行艺术活动和定期探访)”符合语境，且选项中的“regular visits”与下文的“regular volunteer opportunities”相呼应。故选E。 主题02 人与自我——个人成长与自我认知 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·广西柳州·期中） Confidence is very important in daily life. It can help you to develop a healthy attitude (态度). A study shows that the people who are more confident are much happier. They can have more chances to make themselves successful. But how to be more confident? 1 Speak loud. When you are not confident, it is hard to do what you want to do. You speak in a voice so low that other people can hardly hear you. Try to speak loud enough so that people can hear you clearly. 2 Play sports. Physical exercise makes you tired but completely relaxed. A strong body helps you be full of confidence. Encourage yourself. Write down a list of things you did during the day to see how many things you have done well. Did you finish your homework? 3 Give yourself praise for the good things you have done Get rid of fear. 4 But it’s easy to overcome (克服) if you know that failure is part of your life. Don’t hide your head just because you said something stupid last time. Try to start again and believe you can do better. 5 If you like singing, sing as much as you can. In some ways. A hobby can make you outstanding. And it will make you happy and confident. A．Pick up a hobby. B．Speak loud as much as you can. C．Your voice can help you become more confident. D．Fear comes along with failure. E．Did you tell a joke that made everybody laugh? F．Here are some suggestions. G．Get relaxed. 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．E 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章给出了关于变得更加自信的一些建议。 1．上文提出问题“But how to be more confident? (但是如何变得更自信呢？)”下文给出一些建议和方法，因此F选项“Here are some suggestions. (以下是一些建议。)”承上启下，引出下文的具体建议。故选F。 2．此段主题是“Speak loud. (大声说话。)”上文“When you are not confident, it is hard to do what you want to do. You speak in a voice so low that other people can hardly hear you. Try to speak loud enough so that people can hear you clearly.(当你不自信的时候，很难去做你想做的事。你说话的声音太小了，别人几乎听不见。尽量大声说话，以便人们能听清楚。)”提到不自信时说话声音低，建议要大声说话让人听清，所以C选项“Your voice can help you become more confident. (你的声音可以帮助你变得更加自信。)”来强调大声说话对提升自信的作用，符合题意。故选C。 3．前文“Write down a list of things you did during the day to see how many things you have done well. (把你白天做的事情列一张清单，看看有多少事情做得很好。)”提到写下一天中做的事情，所以空处为E选项“Did you tell a joke that made everybody laugh? (你讲了让大家都笑的笑话吗？)”和上文“Did you finish your homework? (你完成作业了吗？)”句式一致，都可以作为一天中做的事情的具体例子，符合语意。故选E。 4．此段主题是“Get rid of fear. (摆脱恐惧。)”下文提到“But it’s easy to overcome if you know that failure is part of your life. (但如果你知道失败是你生活的一部分，它就很容易克服。)”因此空处为D选项“Fear comes along with failure. (恐惧伴随着失败而来。)”引出对恐惧和失败关系的讨论。符合语境，故选D。 5．此处为主题句。下文“If you like singing, sing as much as you can. In some ways. A hobby can make you outstanding. And it will make you happy and confident.(如果你喜欢唱歌，就尽量多唱。在某些方面。爱好可以让你出类拔萃。它会让你快乐和自信。)”指出爱好可以使人出众、快乐和自信，所以A选项“Pick up a hobby. (培养一个爱好。)”符合本段主题，故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·安徽亳州·期中） How to deal with your nervousness before exams? 6 Here are some dos and don’ts that might help you with your exams. Don’t arrive too early. 7 When you’re revising with friends, you might get more anxious. Instead, try to get there five to ten minutes earlier and keep yourself from talking about the exam to anybody. Do sleep well. Lack of sleep is a huge factor in increasing your nervousness. 8 Also, you will have a harder time concentrating. So, instead of studying deep into the night, you should work on getting a regular sleep pattern. 9 If you’ve worked hard, and you are ready, you don’t need this. Going over notes on the day of the exam might make you feel like you’ve missed out on some topics. So you had better just be rested and relaxed for the exam and do the best that you can. Do eat well. Don’t forget to have a good meal. We tend to forget to eat when we’re too anxious, but eating is necessary. Your brain needs sugar to work properly. You have to eat something before taking an exam. 10 Don’t think about the result of the exam. Before and during an exam, don’t think about the result. Stay focused on the present. You should not think about your grades, your chances of getting into college, and your family’s opinion, etc. Try to separate yourself from anything else. A．Don’t revise on the day of the exam. B．How to revise better to get a good grade? C．Don’t make your revision go on for too long. D．How to prepare yourself better for the coming exam? E．It will give you more energy and lower your anxiety level. F．When your nervous system is not rested, you’ll feel more anxious. G．You probably arrive early before an exam, but it’s not a good idea to get there too early. 【答案】6．D 7．G 8．F 9．A 10．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了一些对考试有帮助的注意事项。 6．上文 “How to deal with anxiety before exams?(如何应对考试前的焦虑？)”引出话题，提到如何缓解考试焦虑；下文“Here are some dos and don’ts that might help you with your exams.(这里有一些注意事项，可能会对你的考试有所帮助)”说明下文会给出解决方法，D项（如何为即将到来的考试做更好的准备？）符合语境，起到承上启下的作用，故选D项。 7．根据本段小标题“Don’t arrive too early.(不要到得太早)”以及下文“Instead, try to get there five to ten minutes earlier and keep yourself from talking about the exam to anybody.(相反，尽量早到5到10分钟，不要和任何人谈论考试)”可知，本段主要讲的是不要在考试之前太早到考场。G项（你可能会在考试前提前到达，但太早到达那里并不是一个好主意）中的“getting there too early”和小标题呼应，引出下文讲到在考试之前太早到考场，跟同学一起复习可能会增加焦虑。故选G项。 8．空前一句“Lack of sleep is a huge factor in increasing your nervousness.(睡眠不足是增加你紧张的一个重要因素)”提到睡眠不足是增加焦虑的一个重要因素；下文 “Also, you will have a harder time concentrating.(同时，你也很难集中注意力)”说明睡眠不足带来的危害，Also表明上下文为顺承关系，故设空处也应是睡眠不足的危害。F项（当你的神经系统没有得到休息时，你会感到更加焦虑）说明了睡眠不足的另一个负面影响。故选F项。 9．设空处为本段的小标题，应概括该段内容。根据“Going over notes on the day of the exam might make you feel like you've missed out on some topics. So you had better just be rested and relaxed for the exam and do the best that you can.(在考试当天复习笔记可能会让你觉得自己错过了一些主题。所以你最好只是休息和放松考试，尽你所能做到最好)”可知，本段主要讲了在考试当天复习可能带来的不好的影响。A项（不要在考试当天复习）符合段意，其中的“revise on the day of the exam”与本段中的“Revising on the day of the exam”相呼应。故选A项。 10．根据该段小标题“Do eat well.(一定要吃好)”和设空处前一句“You have to eat something before taking an exam.(考试前你得吃点东西)”可知，本段讲的是在考试之前有必要吃点东西。E项（这会给你更多的能量，降低你的焦虑水平）解释考前吃东西的原因，承接上文，E项中的 It 指代空前提到的“在考试前吃点东西”这件事。故选E项。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·河南南阳·期中） Making decisions in life can be a difficult task. 11 In fact, the decisions you make today will not only influence your future, but also other people and the world in which you live. Decisions making involves thinking, talking, and searching for information related to a problem. 12 You do this by talking with others who know about the subject, going to the library, and thinking about two or more solutions. 13 An example is your ten-year-old car breaks down and needs much money to repair. You need transportation to get to work, to do shopping and to deal with other tasks. You must decide the best way to spend the family’s money. In deciding-or making a decision-there is a six-step process: ▪ Define (明确) the problem. Understand the problem clearly. • Gather and list all the information you can get on the problem. ▪ 14 It is important to have many possible solutions (解决方法) to the situation. It will take time to research the variety of solutions. • 15 Look at the good and bad sides to each solution. What are the results of each? Answer the questions: Will the solution be good for me... the family...co-workers? Stay with your values and those of your family. ▪ Choose the best solution to solve your problem. ▪ Evaluate the decision you made. Decide if you need to change your action plan. A．Set clearly defined goals or action plans. B．Examine two or more solutions to the situation. C．Analyze (分析) the possible results of each solution. D．You probably won’t be happy with every decision you make. E．You collect information that can help you with every decision you make. F．Throughout your life you will make some decisions that will influence your future. G．Decision making usually happens when events, habits, and patterns of living change. 【答案】11．F 12．E 13．G 14．B 15．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了做决定的重要性、做决定的常见场景以及一个六步决策流程，帮助读者更好地掌握决策方法。 11．上文“Making decisions in life can be a difficult task. (在生活中做决定可能是一项困难的任务)”提出生活中做决定这一话题，下文“In fact, the decisions you make today will not only influence your future, but also other people and the world in which you live. (事实上，你今天做的决定不仅会影响你的未来，还会影响其他人以及你生活的世界)”进一步强调决定的影响，F选项“在你的一生中，你会做出一些影响你未来的决定”承接上文“做决定”的话题，且与下文“影响未来”形成呼应，符合语境。故选F。 12．上文“Decisions making involves thinking, talking, and searching for information related to a problem. (做决定包括思考、交流以及寻找与问题相关的信息)”提到做决定需要寻找信息，下文“You do this by talking with others who know about the subject, going to the library, and thinking about two or more solutions. (你可以通过与了解该主题的人交谈、去图书馆以及思考两种或多种解决方案来做到这一点)”具体说明获取信息的方式，E选项“你收集的信息可以帮助你做出每一个决定”既承接上文“寻找信息”，又解释了收集信息的作用。故选E。 13．下文“An example is your ten-year-old car breaks down and needs much money to repair. You need transportation to get to work, to do shopping and to deal with other tasks. You must decide the best way to spend the family’s money. (举个例子，你用了十年的车坏了，需要很多钱来修理。你需要交通工具去上班、购物以及处理其他事务。你必须决定用家里的钱的最佳方式)”通过具体事例说明需要做决定的场景，G选项“当生活中的事件、习惯和模式发生变化时，通常需要做决定”是对下文事例的概括，指出做决定的触发条件，下文“车坏了”正是“生活事件变化”的体现，符合语境。故选G。 14．上文介绍了六步决策流程的前两步“明确问题”“收集信息”，下文“It is important to have many possible solutions (解决方法) to the situation. It will take time to research the variety of solutions. (对这种情况有多种可能的解决方案很重要。研究各种解决方案需要时间)”强调要有多种解决方案，B选项“研究该情况的两种或多种解决方案”承接上文流程，且与下文“many possible solutions”“the variety of solutions”相呼应，是六步流程中的第三步，符合语境。故选B。 15．下文“Look at the good and bad sides to each solution. What are the results of each? Answer the questions: Will the solution be good for me... the family...co-workers? Stay with your values and those of your family. (看看每个解决方案的优缺点。每个方案的结果是什么？回答这些问题：这个方案对我、对家人、对同事有好处吗？坚持你和你家人的价值观)”强调分析每个解决方案的好坏和结果，C选项“分析每个解决方案的可能结果”是对下文内容的概括，且符合六步决策流程的逻辑顺序，承接上文“研究解决方案”，引出下文“分析优缺点”。故选C。 主题03 人与自然——环境保护与自然灾害 Passage 1 （23-24高一上·湖南长沙·期中） The weather forecast calls for a slight chance of thunderstorms, but you can only see a few white clouds overhead. 1 You spend a few minutes warming up and then wait. Is that thunder you hear? Is that a lightning flash? What do you do? Keep playing until the thunder and lightning get close? Or get in your car and drive home? Correct answer: If no substantial, non-concrete shelter is nearby, get in your car and wait out the storm. Why? 2 Although the odds of being struck by lightning are less than 1 in a million, some factors can put you at greater risk. Lightning most often strikes people who work outside or engage in outdoor recreational activities. 3 Florida is considered the “lightning capital” of the country, with more than 2,000 lightning injuries over the past 50 years. From 2009 to 2018, lightning caused an average of 27 deaths per year in the United States. 4 ● If the weather forecast calls for thunderstorms, postpone your trip or activity. ●When thunder rolls, go indoors. Find a safe shelter, such as homes, offices, shopping centers, and hard-top vehicles with the windows rolled up. ● 5 After you see lightning, start counting to 30. If you hear thunder before you reach 30, go indoors. Suspend activities for at least 30 minutes after the last clap of thunder. A．Don’t forget the 30-30 rule. B．Avoid using electronic equipment of all types. C．So you and your tennis partner head for the tennis court. D．Here are some tips to reduce your risk of being struck by lightning. E．Regional differences can also affect your risk of being injured by lightning F．Perform the following actions if you are accidentally caught in an open area. G．Because being outside when lightning is present is not something to take lightly. 【答案】1．C 2．G 3．E 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了遇到雷暴天气应该怎么做。 1．下文“You spend a few minutes warming up and then wait.(你花几分钟热身，然后等待)”说明此时热身是因为要准备开始运动。C项“So you and your tennis partner head for the tennis court.(所以你和你的网球伙伴去了网球场)”与下文相一致，符合语境。故选C。 2．空前“Correct answer: If no substantial, non-concrete shelter is nearby, get in your car and wait out the storm. Why?(正确答案是：如果附近没有坚固的非混凝土遮蔽处，就钻进车里躲避风暴直至其结束。为什么呢?)”提到了为什么上车等待，下文要给出原因。G项“Because being outside when lightning is present is not something to take lightly.(因为当闪电出现的时候待在外面不能掉以轻心)”承接上文，符合语境。故选G。 3．下文“Florida is considered the “lightning capital” of the country, with more than 2,000 lightning injuries over the past 50 years.(佛罗里达州被认为是美国的“闪电之都”，在过去的50年里，有2000多人被闪电伤害)”举佛罗里达州的例子说明该地区是发生雷击最多的地方之一。E项“Regional differences can also affect your risk of being injured by lightning.(地区差异也会影响你被闪电击伤的风险)”说明地区差异会对闪电伤害风险有影响，引起下文的例子，符合语境。故选E。 4．由下文“If the weather forecast calls for thunderstorms, postpone your trip or activity.(如果天气预报称会有雷暴，推迟你的行程或活动)”并结合下文给的三条遇到雷暴天气如何做的建议可知，D项“Here are some tips to reduce your risk of being struck by lightning.(以下是一些能降低你被闪电击中风险的建议)”符合语境，引起下文的建议，故选D。 5．下文“After you see lightning, start counting to 30. If you hear thunder before you reach 30, go indoors. Suspend activities for at least 30 minutes after the last clap of thunder.(看到闪电后，开始数到30。如果你在30之前听到雷声，就到室内去。在最后一次打雷后，暂停活动至少30分钟)”解释了30-30的做法，A选项“Don’t forget the 30-30 rule.(不要忘记30-30法则)”引出了下文的30-30的做法，符合语境。故选A。 Passage 2 （23-24高一上·陕西·期中） An earthquake, a natural disaster, is a 'sudden rapid shaking of the earth caused by the shifting of underground rock. Deaths and injuries occur when people try to escape during the shaking. Earthquakes can happen anywhere, and there is no way to predict them. 6 Here are some tips to learn what to do during an earthquake to better protect yourself. 7 Earthquakes can happen but are more common in certain areas. Find out if you live in an area where earthquakes easily happen. And figure out the situations of your surroundings. Are you inside or outside? Is the space that you are currently in crowds or near the exit? How can you protect yourself within the shortest time? Prevent possible injuries. Identify things that might fall during shaking. Imagine if the room were shaken up and down, and side to side, which items could fall and cause damage to you? Consider things such as televisions, shelves, mirrors, and bookcases. 8 Gather necessary supplies. 9 Portable chargers for devices are also good for getting in touch with the outside area. To protect your feet from glass, have yourself and family wear some pairs of firm shoes. And a flashlight and a dust mask help you wait for the rescue. Learn emergency（紧急情况）skills. People may be injured, and emergency services may not be available. 10 Knowing where nearby emergency shelters for disasters are is of equal importance. Get a fire extinguisher and learn how to use it safely. Be ready to live without power, gas, and water. A．Understand the risk. B．Protect certain areas. C．But you can take action to prepare. D．So learning first aid can be beneficial to saving others. E．It is important for people to know about various disasters. F．Secure these items so they don't hurt you during an earthquake. G．You can prepare needed supplies like food, water, and medicine in advance. 【答案】6．C 7．A 8．F 9．G 10．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了地震这一自然灾害无法预测，但人们可以采取措施应对，具体给出了在地震发生时更好保护自己的一些建议。 6．根据上文“Earthquakes can happen anywhere, and there is no way to predict them.(地震可能在任何地方发生，而且无法预测)” 及 “Here are some tips to learn what to do during an earthquake to better protect yourself.(这里有一些建议，让你了解在地震期间该做什么以更好地保护自己)” 可知，空处起到承上启下的作用。C选项“但你可以采取行动做好准备” 符合语境。故选 C。 7．根据下文“Find out if you live in an area where earthquakes easily happen. And figure out the situations of your surroundings.(弄清楚你是否生活在容易发生地震的地区。并弄清楚你周围的情况)” 可知，本段主要在说要了解风险。A选项“了解风险” 符合语境，作为小标题概括该段内容。故选A。 8．该段小标题是 “Prevent possible injuries.(预防可能的伤害)”以及根据上文“Consider things such as televisions, shelves, mirrors, and bookcases.(考虑像电视、书架、镜子和书柜这类物品)” 可知，此处应说明对物品的预防措施。F选项“固定这些物品，这样在地震时它们就不会伤到你” 符合语境。故选F。 9．根据上文“Gather necessary supplies.(收集必要的物资)”根据下文“Portable chargers for devices are also good for getting in touch with the outside area. To protect your feet from glass, have yourself and family wear some pairs of firm shoes. And a flashlight and a dust mask help you wait for the rescue.(设备的便携式充电器也有助于与外界取得联系。为了保护你的脚不被玻璃划伤，让你自己和家人穿上几双结实的鞋子。一个手电筒和一个防尘口罩能帮助你等待救援)” 可知，选项具体说明收集物资的内容。G选项“你可以提前准备像食物、水和药品这类所需物资” 符合语境。故选G。 10．根据上文“People may be injured, and emergency services may not be available.(人们可能会受伤，而且紧急救援服务可能无法及时提供)” 可知，选项与上文为因果关系。D选项“所以学习急救知识对拯救他人可能有益” 符合语境。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·广东惠州·期中） Have you always dreamed of having a garden,but thought you didn’t have enough space (空间)? 11 With a little planning and creativity. you can still make a beautiful garden from the small outdoor space Here are some tips that you can follow. Plan your layout (布局) carefully. 12 Consider the overall arrangement of the space and create different zones for different purposes. You may want to make an outline or use a design tool to imagine it. Or it’s a good choice to search online for digital garden planners to help you deign the layout 13 If you have limited space,it’s important to select plants that will grow well in your garden. Look for plants that suit the climate,soil type,and growing conditions. Or choose dense or small sizes of plants to make the best use of your space Make use of vertical (垂直的) space. One of the best ways to make the most of your small garden is to use vertical gardening skills. Vertical gardening is an excellent way to add more greenery to your small garden without taking up too much space. 14 You can also use hanging baskets to add more greenery to your space. Include the eatable into your garden. Growing your own food is not only satisfying,but it can also save you money on groceries Even if you only have a small garden. you can still consider growing various fruits,vegetables, which can be grown ta containers like boxes and pots. 15 With these tips in mind,you can create a beautiful and productive garden in even the smallest space. Happy gardening! A．Follow design rules. B．It’s time to think again. C．Choose suitable plants. D．First,owning a garden is important. E．You can grow plants on walls or ladders. F．Before planting. think about how to use your garden. G．They can provide fresh and delicious food throughout the season. 【答案】11．B 12．F 13．C 14．E 15．G 【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了几条关于如何利用有限的空间设计花园的建议。 11．空前说“Have you always dreamed of having a garden, but thought you didn’t have enough space?(你是否一直梦想拥有一个花园，但又觉得没有足够的空间？)”，空后说“With a little planning and creativity, you can still make a beautiful garden from the small outdoor space. Here are some tips that you can follow.(只要有一点计划和创意，你仍然可以把小小的户外空间变成一个美丽的花园。这里有一些建议，你可以遵循。)”，这说明要建花园还是有办法的，因此空格处应该承上启下，引出下文建议，说明人们可以重新考虑一下借鉴下面的建议来建花园，B选项“It’s time to think again.(是时候重新考虑了。)”说明是时候重新考虑建花园了，引出下文建议，符合语境，故选B。 12．空前说“Plan your layout (布局) carefully.(仔细规划你的布局。)”，布局就是关于如何安排花园的分区，空后说“Consider the overall arrangement of the space and create different zones for different purposes.(考虑空间的整体布局，为不同的目的创造不同的区域。)”，说明要想好用花园来干什么，这都是在建花园之前要考虑的，F选项“Before planting, think about how to use your garden.(在种植之前，考虑一下如何利用你的花园。)”说明了在种植前要考虑用途，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选F。 13．空格处是下文的概括，由空后的“If you have limited space, it’s important to select plants that will grow well in your garden. Look for plants that suit the climate, soil type, and growing conditions. Or choose dense or small sizes of plants to make the best use of your space.(如果你的空间有限，选择那些能在花园里长得很好的植物是很重要的。寻找适合气候、土壤类型和生长条件的植物。或者选择密集或小尺寸的植物来充分利用你的空间。)”可知，下文主要讲的是要选择恰当的植物，C选项“Choose suitable plants.(选择合适的植物。)”说明了要选择合适的植物，概括了下文，故选C。 14．空前说“Vertical gardening is an excellent way to add more greenery to your small garden without taking up too much space.(垂直园艺是一个很好的方式来增加更多的绿色植物到你的小花园，而不占用太多的空间。)”，说明垂直园艺是不占空间的，是垂直地种植作物，空后说“You can also use hanging baskets to add more greenery to your space.(你也可以用挂篮给你的空间增加更多的绿色植物。)”是举的垂直园艺的具体方法，由also可知，空格处是另一个方法，E选项“You can grow plants on walls or ladders.(你可以在墙上或梯子上种植植物。)”说的垂直园艺的一种方法，而且句式和空后的一致，都是You can开头，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选E。 15．空前说“Even if you only have a small garden. you can still consider growing various fruits, vegetables, which can be grown ta containers like boxes and pots. (即使你只有一个小花园。你仍然可以考虑种植各种各样的水果、蔬菜，这些都可以种植在盒子和罐子之类的容器上。)”，空格处应该说种这些植物的好处，G选项“They can provide fresh and delicious food throughout the season.(它们可以在整个季节提供新鲜美味的食物。)”说明了种蔬菜水果的好处，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $