Unit 4 History and Traditions（重难词汇精练）英语人教版2019必修第二册

Unit 4 History and Traditions重难词汇精练 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、词性转换 1 题型二、核心短语 1 题型三、重点单词 2 题型四、单句语法填空 2 题型五、单词拼写 5 题型六、完成句子 6 综合攻坚·能力跃升 7 题型一、语篇语法填空 7 题型二、应用文写作 10 题型一、词性转换 1．puzzle n．谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑→puzzling adj.令人困惑的→puzzled adj.感到困惑的 2．defence n．防御；保卫→defend v．防御；保卫→defensive adj.防御的；保护的 3．legal adj.法律的；合法的→illegal adj.不合法的 4．surround vt.围绕；包围→surrounding adj.周围的→surroundings n．周围的环境 5．evidence n．证据；证明→evident adj.明显的 6．achievement n．成就；成绩；达到→achieve vt.达到；实现 7．location n．地方；地点；位置→locate vt.位于；找……的位置 8．fascinating adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的→fascinate v．使……入迷，迷住→fascinated adj.着迷的 9．announce vt.宣布；通知；声称→announcement n．宣布；通知→announcer n．广播员；解说员 10．poet n．诗人→poem n．诗歌→poetry n．诗歌(总称) 11．striking adj.引人注目的；显著的→strike vt.打击；攻击；打动 n．罢工 12．crowd n．人群；一群人；民众 vt.挤满；使……拥挤→crowded adj.拥挤的 题型二、核心短语 1. break away ( from sb. /sth. )　 脱离; 背叛; 逃脱  2. belong to 属于  3. as well as 同(一样也); 和; 还  4. join. . . to. . . 把……和……连接或联结起来 5. keep one’s eyes open (for) 留心; 注意; 警觉  6. result in 导致  7. date back to 追溯到  8. refer to. . . as. . . 认为……是……  9. have an influence on 对……有影响  10. make up 组成; 编造; 弥补  题型三、重点单词 1. individual 　　　 n. 个人 adj. 单独的; 个别的 2. chief n. (公司或机构的)首领; 酋长 adj 最重要的; 最高级别的 3. poet n. 诗人 4. military adj. 军事的; 军用的 5. battle n. 战斗, 战役; 搏斗 vi. &vt. 搏斗; 奋斗 6. amount n. 金额; 数量 7. ensure vt. 保证; 确保; 担保 8. landscape n. (陆上, 尤指乡村的)风景 9. ocean n. 大海; 海洋 10. custom n. 风俗; 习俗 题型四、单句语法填空 1．The ruins of a Norman (mansion) stand on that hillside. 【答案】mansion 【详解】考查名词。句意：一座诺曼式宅邸的废墟矗立在那片山坡上。此处为名词作介词“of”的宾语，所给词“mansion”本身为名词，意为“宅邸；大厦”，且根据空前的不定冠词“a”可知，应用单数形式。故填mansion。 2．The legal (defend) system was established under Anglo-Saxon law. 【答案】defence 【详解】考查名词。句意：法律辩护制度是根据盎格鲁 ‒ 撒克逊法律建立的。此处为名词作定语修饰system，defend的名词形式defence意为“防御，辩护”，legal defence system意为“法律辩护制度”，符合句意。故填defence。 3．The poet wrote about the scent of (cattle) in the Irish countryside. 【答案】cattle 【详解】考查名词。句意：这位诗人描写了爱尔兰乡村里牛群的气味。cattle本身是集合名词，单复数同形，此处表示 “牛群”，应用其原形。故填cattle。 4．Scotland’s (strike) highlands attract millions of tourists yearly. 【答案】striking 【详解】考查形容词。句意：苏格兰引人注目的高地每年吸引数百万游客。根据空格后的名词“highlands”可知，此处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词。strike的形容词形式为striking，意为“引人注目的”，符合句意。故填striking。 5．The Normans successfully (conquer) England in 1066. 【答案】conquered 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：诺曼人在1066年成功征服了英格兰。根据时间状语in 1066可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词conquer用过去式conquered。故填conquered。 6．Van Gogh’s paintings are on display at the art (gallery). 【答案】gallery 【详解】考查名词。句意：梵高的画作正在美术馆展出。空处作介词at的宾语，应用名词单数形式gallery，art gallery意为“美术馆”，特指画作正在展出的美术馆。故填gallery。 7．The (achieve) of Roman engineering can still be seen in the ruins. 【答案】achievement 【详解】考查名词。句意：罗马工程的成就仍然可以在废墟中看到。空处用于The之后，介词of之前，应用名词achievement，意为“成就”，作句子主语，此处为抽象概念，不可数。故填achievement。 8．Several (suspend) lamps cast a warm glow over the dining table, creating an elegant atmosphere. 【答案】suspended 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：几盏悬挂的灯在餐桌上投下温暖的光芒，营造出优雅的氛围。修饰名词lamps作定语，lamps与动词suspend之间为逻辑上被动关系，填过去分词作前置定语。故填suspended。 9．The trees (surround) the house were planted by my father 10 years ago. 【答案】surrounding 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：环绕着房子的树是我父亲 10 年前种的。句中已有谓语动词were planted，所以surround 要用非谓语形式；trees与surround 之间是主动关系，即“树环绕房子”，所以用现在分词 surrounding作后置定语，修饰trees。故填surrounding。 10．You’d better have the machine (repair) as it breaks down now and then. 【答案】repaired 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你最好把机器修理一下，因为它时不时出故障。have后为宾语the machine，空格处为宾语补足语，动词repair与其逻辑主语the machine构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填repaired。 11．They have yet (announce) the experiment result. 【答案】to announce 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们还没有公布实验结果。have yet to do sth.“尚未做某事”为固定搭配，故空处应用动词不定式to announce。故填to announce。 12．We are still in the （transition） stage between the old and new methods. 【答案】transitional 13．He was trying to make himself （understand）. 【答案】understood 14．The exhibition tells the （fascinate） story of the steam age. 【答案】fascinating 15．Please make sure you have all your （belong） with you when leaving the plane. 【答案】belongings 16．His very last paintings are perhaps the most （puzzle）. 【答案】puzzling 17．The students work （individual）, then pool their ideas in groups of six. 【答案】individually 18．He was also an economist and political （philosophy）. 【答案】philosopher 19．Do not go to （crowd） places like shopping malls. 【答案】crowded 20．The police also found nine cellphone chips and one （charge）. 【答案】charger 题型五、单词拼写 21．Van Gogh’s landscapes (捕捉) nature’s vivid colors. 【答案】capture 【详解】考查动词。句意：梵高的风景画捕捉到了大自然的鲜艳色彩。此处为句子谓语，根据汉语提示可知，表示“捕捉”应使用动词capture，根据句意可知，此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时，主语Van Gogh’s landscapes为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填capture。 22．The scent of wildflowers (充满) the Irish courtyards. 【答案】filled 【详解】考查动词。句意：野花的香气充满了爱尔兰的庭院。此处为动词作谓语，根据汉语提示“充满”可知，应为动词fill，结合语境可知，此处描述的是过去的状态，使用一般过去时，所以谓语动词用过去式filled。故填filled。 23．Celtic ancestors (居住在) Scotland before Roman times. 【答案】inhabited 【详解】考查动词。句意：凯尔特人的祖先在罗马时代之前就居住在苏格兰。此处为动词作谓语，根据汉语提示“居住在”可知，应为动词inhabit，由时间状语“before Roman times”可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用inhabit的过去式inhabited。故填inhabited。 24．The painting is on the second floor of the (美术馆). 【答案】gallery 【详解】考查名词。 句意：这幅画在美术馆的二楼。根据空前定冠词the和汉语提示可知，空处应填名词gallery“美术馆”，此处表示特指，用单数形式即可。故填gallery。 25．There’s no (证据) that the Prime Minister himself cancelled the visit. 【答案】evidence 【详解】考查名词。句意：没有证据表明首相本人取消了这次访问。该句为“there be”句型，此处为名词作主语，根据汉语提示“证据”可知，此处为名词evidence，为不可数名词。故填evidence。 26．The exact (位置) of the hidden treasure remains a mystery. 【答案】location 【详解】考查名词。句意：隐藏宝藏的确切位置仍然是个谜。根据汉语提示“位置”，以及上文the exact可知，此处应填名词作主语，且谓语动词为remains，故此处用名词的单数形式location。故填location。 27．I had to have my car (充电) before going on the trip. 【答案】charged 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在旅行前，我不得不给我的车充电。空处应填非谓语动词作宾语补足语，结合汉语提示“充电”可知，此处应填动词charge，have sth. done为固定搭配，意为“使某事被做”，故此处应用charge的过去分词形式charged。故填charged。 28．The beauty of the （风景）overwhelmed me. 【答案】landscape 29．Her greatest (成就) was winning the national science competition last year. 【答案】achievement 【详解】考查名词。句意：她最大的成就就是去年赢得了全国科学竞赛。根据汉语提示“成就”可知，此处为名词achievement，作主语，结合“was winning”可知，使用单数形式。故填achievement。 30．With the spring (临近), everything on earth takes on its lively appearance. 【答案】approaching 【详解】考查动词。句意：随着春天临近，地球上的一切都呈现出生机勃勃的景象。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词approach，与spring之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，作宾补，表示主动、进行。故填approaching。 题型六、完成句子 31．你会因那里的建筑风格和保存完好的杰作和珍宝而感到惊奇的。 You’ll be the architectural style and the masterpieces and treasures there. 【答案】 amazed at well preserved 【详解】考查固定短语和过去分词。前两个空表示“对……感到惊奇”，可用固定短语be amazed at，这里描述主语“You”的感受，用-ed形容词amazed，前两空填amazed和at；后两个空处表示“保存完好的”，作后置定语，“保存”用动词preserve，用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语“the masterpieces and treasures”之间是被动关系，用过去分词preserved表被动，“完好”用副词well，修饰过去分词preserved。故填amazed；at；well；preserved。 32．另一个担忧是等菜的时间长，因此我们休息的时间变少了。 Another concern is on waiting is long, so we have less time to have a rest. 【答案】 that the time spent 【详解】考查表语从句和非谓语动词。is后为表语从句，从句中：表示“时间” 用the time，作主语，表示“花费”用spend，本句谓语为空后的is，此处为非谓语动词，且the time与spend为被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，修饰time；从句中不缺少成分或含义，用that引导，故填that the time spent。 33．Xiao Kong is doing a research project on . 小孔正在做一个关于孔子哲学的研究项目。 【答案】 Confucius Philosophy 【详解】考查名词。“孔子哲学”为Confucius Philosophy作宾语。故填Confucius Philosophy。 34．这座曾经属于那位老人的城堡如今是一处旅游景点。 The castle which once the old man is a tourist attraction now. 【答案】 belonged to 【详解】考查动词短语。对比中英文可知，空处表示“属于”，可用动词短语belong to，结合“once”可知，时态应用一般过去时，belong需用过去式的形式。故填belonged to。 35．组成乐队的音乐人演奏音乐，还彼此打趣逗笑，这些玩笑和音乐大多都在模仿“甲壳虫”乐队。 The musicians were to play music play jokes on each other, most of which were based loosely on the Beatles. 【答案】 as well as 【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意“还”可知，句中涉及固定短语“as well as”，意为“也，还”，连接“play music”和“play jokes on each other”。故填as well as。 36．他逃离了他的老朋友，开始了新的生活。 He his old friends and started a new life. 【答案】 broke   away from 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“逃离”，是固定短语break away from，由started可知，句子时态是一般过去时，break用过去式broke，故填broke；away；from。 37．老人安慰那个被他人取笑的孩子。 The old man comforted the child by others. 【答案】 made fun of 【详解】考查固定短语及非谓语动词。根据句意，“取笑”对应固定短语make fun of。句中“the child”与“make fun of”之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词短语made fun of作后置定语，修饰“the child”，相当于定语从句who was made fun of by others。故填①made②fun③of。 38．50岁时，她发觉自己失业了，困在家里，只有电脑相伴。 At age 50, she found herself out of work and with only her computer to keep her company. 【答案】 stuck at home 【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。根据汉语提示并分析句子结构可知，此处found为谓语动词，设空处需填非谓语动词与前面的out of work并列，作宾语补足语， be stuck at home为固定短语，意为“被困在家里”，需填形容词化的过去分词形式。故填①stuck②at③home。 39．他们使用相同的被称为“联合王国国旗的旗帜”以及共享相同的货币和军事防御。 They use the same flag, the Union Jack, as well as share the and . 【答案】 known as same currency military defence 【详解】考查动词短语和名词短语。第一空表示“被称为”应用动词短语be known as，此处省略be动词，使用过去分词，作后置定语；第二空表示“相同的货币”译为same currency；第三空表示“军事防御”译为military defence。故填①known as；②same currency；③military defence。 40．There are many in Heyuan. 河源有许多名胜。 【答案】places of interest 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“名胜”可知短语为place of interest，many后跟复数形式。故填places of interest。 题型一、语篇语法填空 （24-25高一上·广东揭阳·期末）根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词的适当形式填空。 In recent years, food has 1 (obvious) become a new hot spot (热点) for Chinese cities to attract tourists. Following Zibo and Harbin, Tianshui, 2 ancient city in Northwest China’s Gansu Province, became the 3 (hot) tourists destination of 2024 because of malatang, a local street dish. Malatang, literally (字面上地) meaning “numbing (麻的), spicy, and hot” in Chinese, is a common street food that can 4 (find) all over China, but its tastes differ depending 5 the region (地区). In Tianshui, malatang is a mix of fresh 6 (vegetable) and meat boiled in a hot, spicy chicken soup. Tianshui went viral (走红) when a student 7 (post) a seven-second video in February on her social media. In the video, she suggested 8 (make) Gansu malatang a national dish. The video, 9 quickly received millions of likes online, attracted food lovers to the city 10 (experience) this local dish firsthand. Malatang also helps attract more visits to key attractions in Tianshui, such as Maijishan Grottoes and Fuxi Temple. 【答案】 1．obviously 2．an 3．hottest 4．be found 5．on/upon 6．vegetables 7．posted 8．making 9．which 10．to experience 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了近年来美食成为中国城市吸引游客的新热点，继淄博、哈尔滨之后，中国西北甘肃省的古城天水因当地街头小吃麻辣烫成为2024年最热门的旅游目的地，并阐述了天水麻辣烫的特色以及天水因麻辣烫走红的原因。 1．考查副词。句意：近年来，美食显然已成为中国城市吸引游客的新热点。空处修饰动词become，需用副词形式，obvious的副词是obviously，符合语境。故填obviously。 2．考查冠词。句意：继淄博、哈尔滨之后，中国西北甘肃省的古城天水，因当地街头小吃麻辣烫成为2024年最热门的旅游目的地。city为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一座古城”，ancient发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an，符合语境。故填an。 3．考查形容词最高级。句意：继淄博、哈尔滨之后，中国西北甘肃省的古城天水，因当地街头小吃麻辣烫成为2024年最热门的旅游目的地。根据定冠词the以及语境“2024年（范围内）最热门的”可知，此处需用形容词hot的最高级形式hottest，符合语境。故填hottest。 4．考查被动语态。句意：麻辣烫，在中文里字面意思是“麻、辣、烫”，是一种在中国随处可见的常见街头小吃，但不同地区的口味有所不同。that引导定语从句，先行词是a common street food，与find之间是被动关系，情态动词can后接be+过去分词构成被动语态，find的过去分词是found，符合语境。故填be found。 5．考查介词。句意：麻辣烫，在中文里字面意思是“麻、辣、烫”，是一种在中国随处可见的常见街头小吃，但不同地区的口味有所不同。depend on/upon为固定短语，意为“取决于；依靠”。故填on/upon。 6．考查名词复数。句意：在天水，麻辣烫是将新鲜的蔬菜和肉类在辛辣的鸡汤中煮熟而成的。vegetable为可数名词，此处表示泛指“新鲜的蔬菜”，需用复数形式vegetables，符合语境。故填vegetables。 7．考查动词时态。句意：今年2月，一名学生在社交媒体上发布了一段7秒的视频，天水因此走红。根据时间状语in February以及语境可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时，post的过去式是posted，符合语境。故填posted。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：在视频中，她建议将甘肃麻辣烫打造成国菜。suggest doing sth.为固定用法，意为“建议做某事”，空处需填动名词形式making，符合语境。故填making。 9．考查定语从句。句意：这段视频在网上迅速获得了数百万个赞，吸引了美食爱好者前往该市亲身体验这道当地美食。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The video，指物，在从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：这段视频在网上迅速获得了数百万个赞，吸引了美食爱好者前往该市亲身体验这道当地美食。attract sb. to do sth.为固定用法，意为“吸引某人做某事”，空处需填动词不定式to experience作宾语补足语。故填to experience。 （24-25高一下·福建泉州·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Every year, more than £1 million in coins thrown into the Trevi Fountain (喷泉) in Rome are collected 1 (feed), clothe, and house the city’s poor. 2 (complete) in 1762, the fountain is one of the city’s most popular 3 (destination). Usually it’s a tourist madhouse, taking up a third of the space in the already small Piazza di Trevi (a public square). Visitors arrive in large numbers, and many hope to do more than see the 4 (wonder) artwork. Tradition has it that visitors put their back to the fountain and throw 5 coin over their left shoulder with their right hand — an act 6 supposedly guarantees (确保) they shall return to the city. The tradition was born from the 1954 film Three Coins in the Fountain about three American women living in Rome who wish upon the fountain 7 love in the city. Over €1 million is thrown into its waters every year, which is collected by 8 (sweep) all the coins together and then using a machine to pick 9 (they) up. Caritas, a charity, 10 (receive) this massive windfall (巨额款项), and uses it to fund soup kitchens, homeless shelters (收容所), free supermarkets and other projects. 【答案】 1．to feed 2．Completed 3．destinations 4．wonderful 5．a 6．that /which 7．for 8．sweeping 9．them 10．receives 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了罗马特莱维喷泉。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：每年，人们会收集扔在罗马特莱维喷泉里的100多万英镑硬币，用于为这座城市的穷人提供食物、衣物和住所。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词are collected，此处需用非谓语动词表目的，所以用动词不定式to feed，“to feed clothe, and house the city’s poor”意为“为了给……提供食物、衣物和住所”。故填to feed。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这座喷泉于1762年建成，是这座城市最受欢迎的景点之一。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词is，complete需用非谓语形式。complete与逻辑主语the fountain之间是动词关系，即“喷泉被建成”，所以用过去分词Completed作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Completed。 3．考查名词复数。句意：这座喷泉于1762年建成，是这座城市最受欢迎的景点之一。“one of + the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数”为常用结构，意为“最……之一”，所以此处用名词复数destinations，意为“目的地，景点”。故填destinations。 4．考查形容词。句意：游客大量涌入，许多人希望做的不仅仅是观赏这美妙的艺术品。此处修饰名词artwork，应用形容词wonderful，意为“美妙的，精彩的”。故填wonderful。 5．考查冠词。句意：传统习俗是游客背对喷泉，用右手将一枚硬币从左肩上方扔过去——这个举动据说能确保他们会再次回到这座城市。coin为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一枚硬币”，且coin首字母的发音为辅音音素。所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 6．考查定语从句。句意：传统习俗是游客背对喷泉，用右手将一枚硬币从左肩上方扔过去——这个举动据说能确保他们会再次回到这座城市。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词为an act，指物，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that或which引导该定语从句。故填that/which。 7．考查介词。句意：这个传统源于1954年的电影《罗马之恋》，这部电影讲述了三个生活在罗马的美国女性在喷泉边许愿，希望在这座城市收获爱情的故事。wish for为固定搭配，意为“希望得到，祈求”，所以此处填for。故填for。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：每年有超过100万欧元被投入喷泉，收集硬币的方式是先把所有硬币扫到一起，然后用机器把它们捡起来。by为介词，后接动名词作宾语，所以用sweeping。故填sweeping。 9．考查代词。句意：每年有超过100万欧元被投入喷泉，收集硬币的方式是先把所有硬币扫到一起，然后用机器把它们捡起来。作动词pick宾语，后接宾格代词them指代前文的coins。故填them。 10．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：慈善机构Caritas接收这笔巨额款项，并将其用于资助施粥所、无家可归者收容所、免费超市和其他项目。此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语Caritas是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用receives。故填receives。 题型二、应用文写作 1．（24-25高一下·湖北·期末）由于工作忙，假期短，越来越多的人在假期选择到周边地区进行短途旅行，微旅行成为一种趋势。请你就此话题写一篇短文，谈一谈微旅行的优势。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：微旅行micro-tourism ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 Busy work and short holiday making long-distance trips inconvenient, an increasing number of people choose to take short trips to nearby destinations during their holidays. Micro-tourism has become a trend, which has its advantages. First, micro-tourism is less expensive compared with long-distance traveling, which eases the travelers’ financial burden. Besides, micro-tourism allows people to be more flexible, since it doesn’t require an elaborate plan or public transportation. Finally, micro-tourism provides new ways for people to experience their hometowns. Activities like exploring cultural heritage sites, experiencing rural life and going camping ease tension of daily life and bring just as much fun. Travel doesn’t mean you need to go far away to find a resting place for your heart. That’s the mission of the micro-tourism. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就“微旅行成为趋势”这一话题写一篇短文，阐述微旅行的优势。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 选择：choose→opt for 优势：advantage→merit 相比：compared with→in comparison with 缓解：ease→alleviate 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Busy work and short holiday making long-distance trips inconvenient, an increasing number of people choose to take short trips to nearby destinations during their holidays. 拓展句：As busy work and short holidays make long-distance trips inconvenient, an increasing number of people choose to take short trips to nearby destinations during their holidays. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Micro-tourism has become a trend, which has its advantages.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】First, micro-tourism is less expensive compared with long-distance traveling, which eases the travelers’ financial burden.（运用了过去分词短语作状语，which引导非限制性定语从句） 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 History and Traditions重难词汇精练 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、词性转换 1 题型二、核心短语 1 题型三、重点单词 2 题型四、单句语法填空 2 题型五、单词拼写 5 题型六、完成句子 6 综合攻坚·能力跃升 7 题型一、语篇语法填空 7 题型二、应用文写作 10 题型一、词性转换 1．____________n．谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑→____________ adj.令人困惑的→____________ adj.感到困惑的 2．____________ n．防御；保卫→____________ v．防御；保卫→____________ adj.防御的；保护的 3．____________ adj.法律的；合法的→____________ adj.不合法的 4．____________ vt.围绕；包围→____________ adj.周围的→____________ n．周围的环境 5．____________ n．证据；证明→____________ adj.明显的 6．____________ n．成就；成绩；达到→____________ vt.达到；实现 7．____________ n．地方；地点；位置→____________ vt.位于；找……的位置 8．____________ adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的→____________ v．使……入迷，迷住→____________ adj.着迷的 9．____________ vt.宣布；通知；声称→____________ n．宣布；通知→____________ n．广播员；解说员 10．____________ n．诗人→____________ n．诗歌→____________ n．诗歌(总称) 11．____________ adj.引人注目的；显著的→____________ vt.打击；攻击；打动 n．罢工 12．____________ n．人群；一群人；民众 vt.挤满；使……拥挤→____________ adj.拥挤的 题型二、核心短语 1. ____________　 脱离; 背叛; 逃脱  2. ____________ 属于  3. ____________ 同(一样也); 和; 还  4. ____________ 把……和……连接或联结起来 5. ____________ 留心; 注意; 警觉  6. ____________ 导致  7. ____________ 追溯到  8. ____________ 认为……是……  9. ____________ 对……有影响  10. ____________ 组成; 编造; 弥补  题型三、重点单词 1. ____________ 　　　 n. 个人 adj. 单独的; 个别的 2. ____________ n. (公司或机构的)首领; 酋长 adj 最重要的; 最高级别的 3. ____________ n. 诗人 4. ____________ adj. 军事的; 军用的 5. ____________ n. 战斗, 战役; 搏斗 vi. &vt. 搏斗; 奋斗 6. ____________ n. 金额; 数量 7. ____________ vt. 保证; 确保; 担保 8. ____________ n. (陆上, 尤指乡村的)风景 9. ____________ n. 大海; 海洋 10. ____________ n. 风俗; 习俗 题型四、单句语法填空 1．The ruins of a Norman (mansion) stand on that hillside. 2．The legal (defend) system was established under Anglo-Saxon law. 3．The poet wrote about the scent of (cattle) in the Irish countryside. 4．Scotland’s (strike) highlands attract millions of tourists yearly. 5．The Normans successfully (conquer) England in 1066. 6．Van Gogh’s paintings are on display at the art (gallery). 7．The (achieve) of Roman engineering can still be seen in the ruins. 8．Several (suspend) lamps cast a warm glow over the dining table, creating an elegant atmosphere. 9．The trees (surround) the house were planted by my father 10 years ago. 10．You’d better have the machine (repair) as it breaks down now and then. 11．They have yet (announce) the experiment result. 12．We are still in the （transition） stage between the old and new methods. 13．He was trying to make himself （understand）. 14．The exhibition tells the （fascinate） story of the steam age. 15．Please make sure you have all your （belong） with you when leaving the plane. 16．His very last paintings are perhaps the most （puzzle）. 17．The students work （individual）, then pool their ideas in groups of six. 18．He was also an economist and political （philosophy）. 19．Do not go to （crowd） places like shopping malls. 20．The police also found nine cellphone chips and one （charge）. 题型五、单词拼写 21．Van Gogh’s landscapes (捕捉) nature’s vivid colors. 22．The scent of wildflowers (充满) the Irish courtyards. 23．Celtic ancestors (居住在) Scotland before Roman times. 24．The painting is on the second floor of the (美术馆). 25．There’s no (证据) that the Prime Minister himself cancelled the visit. 26．The exact (位置) of the hidden treasure remains a mystery. 27．I had to have my car (充电) before going on the trip. 28．The beauty of the （风景）overwhelmed me. 29．Her greatest (成就) was winning the national science competition last year. 30．With the spring (临近), everything on earth takes on its lively appearance. 题型六、完成句子 31．你会因那里的建筑风格和保存完好的杰作和珍宝而感到惊奇的。 You’ll be the architectural style and the masterpieces and treasures there. 32．另一个担忧是等菜的时间长，因此我们休息的时间变少了。 Another concern is on waiting is long, so we have less time to have a rest. 33．Xiao Kong is doing a research project on . 小孔正在做一个关于孔子哲学的研究项目。 34．这座曾经属于那位老人的城堡如今是一处旅游景点。 The castle which once the old man is a tourist attraction now. 35．组成乐队的音乐人演奏音乐，还彼此打趣逗笑，这些玩笑和音乐大多都在模仿“甲壳虫”乐队。 The musicians were to play music play jokes on each other, most of which were based loosely on the Beatles. 36．他逃离了他的老朋友，开始了新的生活。 He his old friends and started a new life. 37．老人安慰那个被他人取笑的孩子。 The old man comforted the child by others. 38．50岁时，她发觉自己失业了，困在家里，只有电脑相伴。 At age 50, she found herself out of work and with only her computer to keep her company. 39．他们使用相同的被称为“联合王国国旗的旗帜”以及共享相同的货币和军事防御。 They use the same flag, the Union Jack, as well as share the and . 40．There are many in Heyuan. 河源有许多名胜。 题型一、语篇语法填空 （24-25高一上·广东揭阳·期末）根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词的适当形式填空。 In recent years, food has 1 (obvious) become a new hot spot (热点) for Chinese cities to attract tourists. Following Zibo and Harbin, Tianshui, 2 ancient city in Northwest China’s Gansu Province, became the 3 (hot) tourists destination of 2024 because of malatang, a local street dish. Malatang, literally (字面上地) meaning “numbing (麻的), spicy, and hot” in Chinese, is a common street food that can 4 (find) all over China, but its tastes differ depending 5 the region (地区). In Tianshui, malatang is a mix of fresh 6 (vegetable) and meat boiled in a hot, spicy chicken soup. Tianshui went viral (走红) when a student 7 (post) a seven-second video in February on her social media. In the video, she suggested 8 (make) Gansu malatang a national dish. The video, 9 quickly received millions of likes online, attracted food lovers to the city 10 (experience) this local dish firsthand. Malatang also helps attract more visits to key attractions in Tianshui, such as Maijishan Grottoes and Fuxi Temple. （24-25高一下·福建泉州·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Every year, more than £1 million in coins thrown into the Trevi Fountain (喷泉) in Rome are collected 1 (feed), clothe, and house the city’s poor. 2 (complete) in 1762, the fountain is one of the city’s most popular 3 (destination). Usually it’s a tourist madhouse, taking up a third of the space in the already small Piazza di Trevi (a public square). Visitors arrive in large numbers, and many hope to do more than see the 4 (wonder) artwork. Tradition has it that visitors put their back to the fountain and throw 5 coin over their left shoulder with their right hand — an act 6 supposedly guarantees (确保) they shall return to the city. The tradition was born from the 1954 film Three Coins in the Fountain about three American women living in Rome who wish upon the fountain 7 love in the city. Over €1 million is thrown into its waters every year, which is collected by 8 (sweep) all the coins together and then using a machine to pick 9 (they) up. Caritas, a charity, 10 (receive) this massive windfall (巨额款项), and uses it to fund soup kitchens, homeless shelters (收容所), free supermarkets and other projects. 题型二、应用文写作 1．（24-25高一下·湖北·期末）由于工作忙，假期短，越来越多的人在假期选择到周边地区进行短途旅行，微旅行成为一种趋势。请你就此话题写一篇短文，谈一谈微旅行的优势。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：微旅行micro-tourism ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $