Unit 5 Music 过去分词做状语和表语（单元核心语法精练）英语人教版2019必修第二册

Unit 5 Music 核心语法精练（过去分词做状语和表语） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单句语法填空 3 二、完成句子 3 三、选词填空 4 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 5 题型一 语法填空（模考真题） 5 题型二 阅读理解（模考真题） 6 一、过去分词作表语 过去分词作表语时，放在系动词（Linking Verbs） 之后，用来说明主语的特征、状态或感受。 例句与用法： The window is broken. （窗户是破的。） （描述主语window的状态是“被打碎”后的状态。） She felt exhausted after the long journey. （长途旅行后，她感到筋疲力尽。） （描述主语She的感受。） He seems worried about the exam. （他似乎很担心考试。） Everyone got excited about the news. （每个人对这个消息都感到兴奋。） The door remained locked. （门仍然锁着。） 重点注意事项： 与被动语态的区别： 过去分词作表语强调状态，而被动语态强调动作。 表语（状态）： The window is broken. （重点是窗户现在的状态是“破的”） 被动语态（动作）： The window was broken by the boy. （重点是“被打碎”这个动作，以及执行者the boy） 一个简单的测试方法：如果能在句子中合理地加上“by+执行者”，它就是被动语态；如果不能，它更可能是表语。 与现在分词作表语的区别： 过去分词作表语通常修饰人的感受，现在分词作表语通常修饰物的特性。 The movie is boring. （这部电影很无聊。 - 电影令人感到无聊，修饰物） I am bored. （我很无聊。 - 我被电影弄得感到无聊，修饰人） a frightening dog （一条令人害怕的狗） a frightened girl （一个受惊的女孩） 二、过去分词作状语 过去分词作状语时，用来修饰整个主句，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随情况。这种结构非常简洁、书面化。 1. 核心结构： 过去分词短语，主句 其逻辑是：分词短语的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语一致，且构成被动关系。 2. 不同类型与例句： 表示原因（Reason） Deeply moved by the story, she couldn't hold back her tears. = Because she was deeply moved by the story, she... （因为被故事深深感动，她忍不住流下了眼泪。） Born into a poor family, he had to work from a very young age. （因为出生在一个贫困家庭，他不得不很小就开始工作。） 表示时间（Time） Seen from the hill, the city looks magnificent. = When it is seen from the hill, the city... （从山上看去，这座城市显得非常壮观。） Once published, the book became a bestseller. （一旦出版后，这本书就成了畅销书。） 表示条件（Condition） Given more time, we could have done it better. = If we were given more time, we... （如果被给予更多时间，我们本可以做得更好。） Compared with you, I still have a long way to go. （和你相比，我还有很长的路要走。） 表示方式或伴随（Manner/Accompaniment） The teacher walked into the classroom, followed by a group of students. （老师走进教室，后面跟着一群学生。） He stood there, astonished by what he had just heard. （他站在那里，被他刚刚听到的话惊呆了。） 一、语法填空 1． (compare) with face to face communication, books often touch people’s hearts better. 2．He left the hotel (surround) by crowds of journalists. 3． (breathe) in, the virus began to make him feel sick with a cough and fever. 4． (aim) at raising awareness about environmental protection, a campaign was launched yesterday in our city. 5． (discover) by accident during the hiking, the small waterfall soon became a local attraction. 6． (design) for children, the album became popular with parents immediately it came out. 7． (frighten) by the footsteps behind, she quickened her pace and held her phone tightly. 8． (refer) to as a “living fossil” for its long history, this plant species is now under strict protection. 9． (strike) by his uplifting speech, the teacher awarded the first prize to him. 10． (worry) about his son’s safety, he didn’t sleep well. 11． (locate) in a remote area, the small village has limited access to modern facilities. 12．You can use the questions to get (start). 13．He got seriously (injure) and had to quit the football match. 14．She is (attract) to her new school. 15．I feel greatly (honour) to deliver a speech on a healthy diet. 16．The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain (seat) as the plane was making a landing. 17． (lead) by the teacher, the students slowly walked through the tunnel. 18． (question) in public, he will surely be a little annoyed. 19． (bear) into a worker’s family in Beijing, she began to play table tennis at the age of five. 20． (use) for a long time, the book looks old. 二、完成句子 21．与以前的作品相比，你最近的作品有了很大的进步。 , your recent works have improved a lot. 22．受到他项目成功的鼓励，约翰开办了一个更大的项目。(inspire) , John started an even bigger program. 23． , he continued his study. 尽管被许多人嘲笑，但他还是继续他的研究。 24． , the boy had no chance to go to school. 出生在一个贫困的家庭，这个男孩没有机会去上学。 25． , the city looks more magnificent. 从塔顶上看时，那座城市看上去更壮观。 26． , I have to turn to you for help. 面对困难，我不得不向你求助。 27． this music, he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time.” 他被这段音乐打动了，他说：“那种（兴奋的）感觉就如同是第一次看见色彩一样。” 28．沉迷于网络的人在现实生活中通常不活跃。 People who are the Internet often become inactive in real life. 29．经过努力，经理看到了许多新产品，感到很满意。(分词做表语) The manager saw many new products and after work hard. 30． , office workers are generally troubled by health problems.　 因为在桌前久坐，办公室工作人员一般都被健康问题所困扰。 三、选词填空 根据语境，用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空 for the first time; from then on; in addition to; get through; add... to...; try out for; pay off; fall in love with; absorbed in sth./ sb.; set sth. up 31．I can’t remember when I light music. 32． , the boy never told lies. 33．You can find Rita in the concert hall. She’s the school play again. 34． the piano, Li Qiang is good at playing Chinese traditional instruments — Guqin and Erhu. 35．I’ve been trying to make a phone call for nearly 10 minutes and I just can’t . 36．He was the calculation of that difficult maths problem. 37．I the computer   so that the workers could work from home. 38．According to the law, you shall your old loan before you can obtain a new one. 39．Silk as well as many plant species came to Britain . 40．Asked many times, they my name the list of the music group. 题型一 语法填空 （24-25高一下·浙江杭州·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Sharing music online prevents recording companies 1 (make) money. They say that over the past 10 years, sharing music online 2 (result) in a huge drop in profits and sales. People who find music for free online are not paying for CDs or every MP3 downloaded. To 3 (true) understand the influence of music piracy (盗版) on 4 (create), one must understand how many people are related to the recording process. For the sale of each album, profits must 5 (share) between musicians, sound engineers, music producers, managers, advertisers, and the company 6 (sell) the product. Many people believe sharing music only affects the recording artist, 7 the reality is that sharing hurts business for all companies involved. Many people don’t see the harm in sharing music online and even think they have the right 8 (do) it. One online blogger states that he originally paid for 9 entire CD and that he should be able to do with the material 10 he owns. He may actually have paid for the music legally; however, he has no right to provide permission, which means people like bloggers are thieves. （24-25高一下·吉林白山·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has a long and 1 (influence) musical tradition. Over the centuries, musicians developed various styles of music and 2 (invent) or adopted many types of instruments. The classical traditional music of the elites, the folk and ethnic music, and the favourite traditional Chinese instruments are “keynotes” for 3 (praise) Chinese traditional music in general and enjoying it more! Confucius is said to have lived about 2,500 or so years ago. He is honoured for setting the tone for much traditional Chinese music for thousands of years. He is thought of as a great music teacher and a gifted musician 4 is able to play several instruments expertly. He also is China’s leading social philosopher (哲学家). In Confucian teachings, the purpose and role of music are laid out and the 5 (quality) of “good music” are explained. Perhaps for other people around the world, music was meant 6 (main) for enjoyment. But during the time of the Zhou Dynasty about 500 BC and afterwards, music had the key role of 7 important pillar (支柱) of society. How music is meant to be used and performed 8 (express) in several of the main Confucian books. The teachings are important for understanding traditional music. Confucius taught that: “ 9 (educate) somebody, you should start with poems, emphasize ceremonies (强调仪式), and finish with music.” Musical knowledge is a matter 10 higher learning. 题型二 阅读理解 （24-25高一下·河南郑州·期末）On the first day of school this year, Joseph Riley, the headmaster of Pocahontas County High School in West Virginia, dropped by the band classroom and told the 38 students that the school had been unable to find a band teacher after the former teacher left over the summer to take a teaching position at a different school. “I said that we’d have to get them into other classes,” Riley said. Then he gave the students a second option. If the teens wanted to keep the Warriors band going and teach themselves, the school would support them. Most students decided to take a different class, but 10 students took him up on the offer. The guys didn’t give up in the face of difficulties and they found the courage to keep the band going. The 10 band members elected Hailey Fitzgerald, 17, as band director, and then invited 2 teachers from the school to serve as advisors. Math teacher Jennifer Cook agreed to offer support. “They’re an impressive group of kids,” Cook said, “We’re all very proud of them.” Band students practice the school song every day, and they’ve learned to work together, Fitzgerald said. They also had to solve a problem when they realized they had too many drummers (鼓手). The band’s latest performance was on their school’s Homecoming Day. “When we do our school song, that’s probably everybody’s favorite,” said Jadyn Lane, 17. “To see so many people supporting and cheering us on, that’s inspiring.” Several schoolmates volunteered to join the students in the stands on Homecoming Day. “Our school is the heart of the community,” Riley said. “Everyone is really appreciative of these kids working together to make sure our school still has a band. It’s amazing to see the progress they’ve made on their own.” Years from now, Fitzgerald imagines she’ll look back on her junior year as the band director with pride. “It was never an option for us to quit — we all love it too much,” she said. 1．What happened to the Warriors band when school started this year? A．The school hired a new band teacher. B．The band members chose other classes. C．The band continued with student leadership. D．The headmaster was not satisfied with the band. 2．Which words can best describe the 10 band members? A．Mild and patient. B．Capable and generous. C．Intelligent and imaginative. D．Determined and impressive. 3．What do we know about the band’s latest performance? A．It was organized by several schools. B．It was staged for a yearly local festival. C．It was well recognised by the audience. D．It was attended by every community member. 4．How has Fitzgerald benefited from directing the band? A．It has led her to a lifelong hobby. B．It has helped her to be a top student. C．It has brought her a sense of community. D．It has given her a memory to be treasured. （24-25高一下·甘肃张掖·期末）The Eagles’ rock song “Hotel California” is very famous. Many famous musicians, like the Gypsy Kings, Nancy Sinatra, and Frank Ocean, have played it. But there’s a mysterious musician named MoYun who has played it in a special way. She used a guzheng, which is a traditional Chinese instrument, to play this song from the 1970s. Her unusual version (版本) is very beautiful and keeps the super harmony (和谐) of the original song. Guzheng is a kind of stringed instrument (弦乐器). The modern versions of this wooden instrument usually have 21,25, or 26 strings and are about 64 inches long. It is known for its sharp and metal sounds. Thanks to its features and history, it is mostly used to perform traditional Chinese folk music. It can be difficult to play a song with many parts and different instruments on guzheng, so MoYun explained her choices in the video description. She said, “The use of guitar in ‘Hotel California’ can be regarded as one of the classic arrangements in history, especially in the 1994 live version. So I made some cuts to the singing parts, focusing on the two guitar solos at the beginning and the end.” To show respect for the traditional instrument, Mo Yun, who is known for seldom showing her face on camera, wore traditional clothes for the video. She wrote, “I’m wearing a Wei Jin style wide-sleeved cross-collared Hanfu. To make it convenient to play guzheng, I added panbo, which are tools to roll up the sleeves for easy operation. I also wore a hand-woven straw hat. The whole clothes look simple and make it seem like I’m about to plant rice!” This isn’t the first rock song MoYun has played. She has also shared her remarkable guzheng covers of “Thunderstruck” by AC/DC and “Numb” by Linkin Park. She has also recorded many cartoon songs and video game soundtracks, showing the versatility of this ages-old instrument. 1．What makes MoYun’s version of “Hotel California” special? A．She revised the words of the original song. B．She played it with a Chinese instrument. C．She added traditional Chinese singing parts. D．She performed it with foreign musicians. 2．What can we learn about guzheng from paragraph 2? A．The number of its strings is not fixed. B．Its sound is sharper than heavy metal. C．It is easier to play than electric guitars. D．It is only suitable for playing folk music. 3．What does the underlined word “versatility” in the last paragraph mean? A．Public popularity. B．Creative techniques. C．Different functions. D．Entertainment purpose. 4．What would be the best title for the passage? A．The History and Features of Guzheng B．MoYun: A Pioneer of Guzheng Development C．“Hotel California” — A Famous Rock Classic D．An Amazing Cover of “Hotel California” with Guzheng 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Music 核心语法精练（过去分词做状语和表语） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单句语法填空 3 二、完成句子 7 三、选词填空 9 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一 语法填空（模考真题） 11 题型二 阅读理解（模考真题） 14 一、过去分词作表语 过去分词作表语时，放在系动词（Linking Verbs） 之后，用来说明主语的特征、状态或感受。 例句与用法： The window is broken. （窗户是破的。） （描述主语window的状态是“被打碎”后的状态。） She felt exhausted after the long journey. （长途旅行后，她感到筋疲力尽。） （描述主语She的感受。） He seems worried about the exam. （他似乎很担心考试。） Everyone got excited about the news. （每个人对这个消息都感到兴奋。） The door remained locked. （门仍然锁着。） 重点注意事项： 与被动语态的区别： 过去分词作表语强调状态，而被动语态强调动作。 表语（状态）： The window is broken. （重点是窗户现在的状态是“破的”） 被动语态（动作）： The window was broken by the boy. （重点是“被打碎”这个动作，以及执行者the boy） 一个简单的测试方法：如果能在句子中合理地加上“by+执行者”，它就是被动语态；如果不能，它更可能是表语。 与现在分词作表语的区别： 过去分词作表语通常修饰人的感受，现在分词作表语通常修饰物的特性。 The movie is boring. （这部电影很无聊。 - 电影令人感到无聊，修饰物） I am bored. （我很无聊。 - 我被电影弄得感到无聊，修饰人） a frightening dog （一条令人害怕的狗） a frightened girl （一个受惊的女孩） 二、过去分词作状语 过去分词作状语时，用来修饰整个主句，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随情况。这种结构非常简洁、书面化。 1. 核心结构： 过去分词短语，主句 其逻辑是：分词短语的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语一致，且构成被动关系。 2. 不同类型与例句： 表示原因（Reason） Deeply moved by the story, she couldn't hold back her tears. = Because she was deeply moved by the story, she... （因为被故事深深感动，她忍不住流下了眼泪。） Born into a poor family, he had to work from a very young age. （因为出生在一个贫困家庭，他不得不很小就开始工作。） 表示时间（Time） Seen from the hill, the city looks magnificent. = When it is seen from the hill, the city... （从山上看去，这座城市显得非常壮观。） Once published, the book became a bestseller. （一旦出版后，这本书就成了畅销书。） 表示条件（Condition） Given more time, we could have done it better. = If we were given more time, we... （如果被给予更多时间，我们本可以做得更好。） Compared with you, I still have a long way to go. （和你相比，我还有很长的路要走。） 表示方式或伴随（Manner/Accompaniment） The teacher walked into the classroom, followed by a group of students. （老师走进教室，后面跟着一群学生。） He stood there, astonished by what he had just heard. （他站在那里，被他刚刚听到的话惊呆了。） 一、语法填空 1． (compare) with face to face communication, books often touch people’s hearts better. 【答案】Compared 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：与面对面交流相比，书籍往往更能触动人们的心灵。compare与句子主语books构成被动关系，用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Compared。 2．He left the hotel (surround) by crowds of journalists. 【答案】surrounded 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：他在一群记者的簇拥下离开了酒店。本句谓语为left，此处为非谓语动词，主语He与动词surround“包围，围绕”之间是被动关系，应用过去分词 surrounded，作状语。故填surrounded。 3． (breathe) in, the virus began to make him feel sick with a cough and fever. 【答案】Breathed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：吸入这种病毒后，他开始咳嗽和发烧，感觉不舒服。breathe和逻辑主语virus之间是被动关系，使用过去分词作状语，首字母应大写，故填Breathed。 4． (aim) at raising awareness about environmental protection, a campaign was launched yesterday in our city. 【答案】Aimed 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：为了提高人们的环保意识，我们市昨天发起了一项活动。句中已有谓语动词“was launched”，此处需用非谓语动词，aim意为“旨在、目的是”，与逻辑主语“a campaign”之间是被动关系，用过去分词作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Aimed。 5． (discover) by accident during the hiking, the small waterfall soon became a local attraction. 【答案】Discovered 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：在徒步旅行中偶然被发现后，这个小瀑布很快成了当地的一个景点。分析句子结构可知，逗号后为主句，the small waterfall soon became a local attraction，主系表结构，因此空处填非谓语。所给词discover与the small waterfall是动宾关系，且有soon的提示，此空应用其过去分词discovered作状语，句首字母大写。故填Discovered。 6． (design) for children, the album became popular with parents immediately it came out. 【答案】Designed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这张专辑是为儿童设计的，一经推出就受到了家长们的欢迎。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，根据“for children”可知，design“设计”和the album逻辑上是被动关系，因此用design的过去分词形式，作状语，且句首单词的首字母应大写。故填Designed。 7． (frighten) by the footsteps behind, she quickened her pace and held her phone tightly. 【答案】Frightened 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被身后的脚步声吓坏了，她加快了脚步，紧紧地握着手机。空处需用非谓语动词作状语，根据空后“by the footsteps behind”和句意可知，空处表示被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词frightened作状语，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Frightened。 8． (refer) to as a “living fossil” for its long history, this plant species is now under strict protection. 【答案】Referred 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这种植物因其悠久的历史而被称为“活化石”，目前正受到严格保护。句子谓语动词是is，空处需用非谓语动词，refer to as与其逻辑主语this plant species之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词referred作状语，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Referred。 9． (strike) by his uplifting speech, the teacher awarded the first prize to him. 【答案】Struck 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：被他鼓舞人心的演讲打动，老师把一等奖颁给了他。根据空后awarded可知，句中已有谓语动词awarded，空处需用非谓语动词；strike与逻辑主语the teacher之间是被动关系，故应用过去分词形式作原因状语。strike的过去分词为struck，且句首单词首字母需大写。故填Struck。 10． (worry) about his son’s safety, he didn’t sleep well. 【答案】Worried 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：因为担心儿子的安全，他没睡好。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，句子的主语是“he”，与所给词“worry”之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，即“他被担心儿子的安全这件事困扰”，因此应用过去分词形式作原因状语。故填Worried。 11． (locate) in a remote area, the small village has limited access to modern facilities. 【答案】Located 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个小村庄位于偏远地区，难以获得现代化设施的供应。be located on表示“坐落于”，此处为过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Located。 12．You can use the questions to get (start). 【答案】started 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你可以用这些问题来开始。此处为“get +过去分词”结构，所以此处使用过去分词形式，get started为固定搭配，意为“开始；着手”，符合语境。故填started。 13．He got seriously (injure) and had to quit the football match. 【答案】injured 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他受了重伤，不得不退出足球比赛。此处为“get + 过去分词”结构，表示被动和结果，get injured意为“受伤”，injured在此为形容词化的过去分词，作表语。故填injured。 14．She is (attract) to her new school. 【答案】attracted 【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定短语。句意：她喜爱她的新学校。根据句意，本题考查固定短语be attracted to，意为“喜爱上，被吸引”，attracted为过去分词转化而来的形容词，作表语。故填attracted。 15．I feel greatly (honour) to deliver a speech on a healthy diet. 【答案】honoured 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：我非常荣幸能就健康饮食发表演讲。feel honoured to do sth.意为“对做某事感到荣幸”，honoured为过去分词，作表语。故填honoured。 16．The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain (seat) as the plane was making a landing. 【答案】seated 【详解】考查动词-ed形式作表语。句意：飞行员要求所有乘客在飞机着陆时坐在座位上。seat意为“使就座”，与passengers为被动关系，故应用动词-ed形式作remain的表语。所以答案为seated。 17． (lead) by the teacher, the students slowly walked through the tunnel. 【答案】Led 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在老师的带领下，学生们慢慢地穿过隧道。句中已有谓语动词walked，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，the students和lead为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Led。 18． (question) in public, he will surely be a little annoyed. 【答案】Questioned 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当众被质问，他肯定会有点生气。句中已有谓语动词will be，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，he和question为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Questioned。 19． (bear) into a worker’s family in Beijing, she began to play table tennis at the age of five. 【答案】Born 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她出生在北京的一个工人家庭，五岁开始打乒乓球。此处需要用非谓语动词作状语，bear与逻辑主语she之间是被动关系，即“她被出生”，因此应用过去分词形式来表示被动和完成的意义。故填Born。 20． (use) for a long time, the book looks old. 【答案】Used 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于被使用了很长时间，这本书看起来很旧。设空处为非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语为the book，与use 之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。故填Used。 二、完成句子 21．与以前的作品相比，你最近的作品有了很大的进步。 , your recent works have improved a lot. 【答案】Compared with your former works 【详解】考查固定短语。“把……与……相比”是固定短语compare...with...，句中谓语是have improved，空格处用非谓语动词，your recent works和compare之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词作状语，位于句首的单词首字母大写，用your former works表示“你以前的作品”，作宾语。故填Compared with your former works。 22．受到他项目成功的鼓励，约翰开办了一个更大的项目。(inspire) , John started an even bigger program. 【答案】Inspired by the success of his project 【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据汉语提示，表示“被……鼓舞”用be inspired by sth，句中started为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处John与inspire之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作状语；表示“他的项目的成功”用the success of his project；同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Inspired by the success of his project。 23． , he continued his study. 尽管被许多人嘲笑，但他还是继续他的研究。 【答案】Laughed at by many people 【详解】考查过去分词作状语。“嘲笑”表达为laugh at，he与laugh at之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词短语作状语，由介词by引出施动者many people。首字母大写，故填Laughed at by many people。 24． , the boy had no chance to go to school. 出生在一个贫困的家庭，这个男孩没有机会去上学。 【答案】Born into a poor family 【详解】考查非谓语动词。“出生在……”翻译为be born into，“一个贫困的家庭”a poor family；句子已有谓语动词had，空格处应该用非谓语动词作状语，动词bear与主语the boy之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词born作状语。故填Born into a poor family。 25． , the city looks more magnificent. 从塔顶上看时，那座城市看上去更壮观。 【答案】Seen from the top of the tower 【详解】考查非谓语动词。“从塔顶上看”使用动词短语see from the top of the tower，和逻辑主语city之间是被动关系，使用过去分词作状语，故填Seen from the top of the tower。 26． , I have to turn to you for help. 面对困难，我不得不向你求助。 【答案】Faced with difficulties 【详解】考查固定短语和名词。根据句意“面对困难”可知，句中涉及固定短语“be faced with…”，意为“面对……”，句中有谓语动词“have to turn to”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，应用过去分词“faced with”作状语，“difficulty”表示“困难”，句中用其复数形式“difficulties”，表示一类事物，“Faced with difficulties”表示“面对困难”。故填Faced with difficulties。 27． this music, he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time.” 他被这段音乐打动了，他说：“那种（兴奋的）感觉就如同是第一次看见色彩一样。” 【答案】Moved by 【详解】考查非谓语动词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“被……打动”，“打动”可用动词move，“被”应用介词by，引出行为执行者，且句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，move和he逻辑上是动宾关系，因此用move的过去分词形式，作状语，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Moved by。 28．沉迷于网络的人在现实生活中通常不活跃。 People who are the Internet often become inactive in real life. 【答案】 addicted to 【详解】考查固定短语。根据汉语提示“沉迷于”可知，句中涉及固定短语“be addicted to…”，意为“沉迷于……”，故空格处应填“addicted to”。故填addicted to。 29．经过努力，经理看到了许多新产品，感到很满意。(分词做表语) The manager saw many new products and after work hard. 【答案】felt very satisfied 【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据所给中文提示词和英文翻译，需翻译部分是“感到很满意”，分析句子结构可知，此处是和前文的saw作并列谓语，所以感到用系动词feel，用一般过去时，意为“felt”，“满意”作表语，根据题干要求，用分词形式，此处修饰主语manager，用过去分词形式。意为“satisfied”。故填felt very satisfied。 30． , office workers are generally troubled by health problems.　 因为在桌前久坐，办公室工作人员一般都被健康问题所困扰。 【答案】Much time spent sitting at a desk 【详解】考查过去分词。spend time (in) doing sth意为“花时间做某事”，其中in可以省略，本句中spend与time之间是动宾关系，要用过去分词独立主格结构作原因状语，故填Much time spent sitting at a desk。 三、选词填空 根据语境，用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空 for the first time; from then on; in addition to; get through; add... to...; try out for; pay off; fall in love with; absorbed in sth./ sb.; set sth. up 31．I can’t remember when I light music. 32． , the boy never told lies. 33．You can find Rita in the concert hall. She’s the school play again. 34． the piano, Li Qiang is good at playing Chinese traditional instruments — Guqin and Erhu. 35．I’ve been trying to make a phone call for nearly 10 minutes and I just can’t . 36．He was the calculation of that difficult maths problem. 37．I the computer   so that the workers could work from home. 38．According to the law, you shall your old loan before you can obtain a new one. 39．Silk as well as many plant species came to Britain . 40．Asked many times, they my name the list of the music group. 【答案】 31．fell in love with 32．From then on 33．trying out for 34．In addition to 35．get through 36．absorbed in 37． set up 38．pay off 39．for the first time 40． added to 【解析】31．考查固定短语、时态。句意：我不记得我什么时候爱上轻音乐的。根据“light music.”可知，此处指爱上轻音乐，fall in love with“爱上”符合题意，when引导的时间状语从句描述过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填fell in love with。 32．考查固定短语。句意：从那时起，这个男孩再也不说谎了。根据“the boy never told lies”可知，此处指从那时起，from then on“从那时起”符合题意，句首单词，首字母需大写。故填From then on。 33．考查固定短语、时态。句意：你可以在音乐厅找到丽塔。她又在参加学校的戏剧选拔。根据“the school play again”可知，此处指参加学校的戏剧选拔，try out for“参加……选拔”符合题意，此处应用trying out for，与空前的is构成现在进行时。故填trying out for。 34．考查固定短语。句意：除了钢琴，李强还擅长演奏中国传统乐器——古琴和二胡。根据“the piano, Li Qiang is good at playing Chinese traditional instruments”可知，此处指除了钢琴，in addition to“除……之外”符合题意，句首单词，首字母需大写。故填In addition to。 35．考查固定短语、情态动词。句意：我打了将近10分钟的电话，就是打不通。根据“I’ve been trying to make a phone call for nearly 10 minutes”可知，此处指打不通电话，get through“接通电话”符合题意，情态动词can’t后接动词原形。故填get through。 36．考查固定短语。句意：他全神贯注于那道数学难题的计算。根据“the calculation of that difficult maths problem.”可知，此处指全神贯注于，be absorbed in“全神贯注于”符合题意，符合题意。故填absorbed in。 37．考查固定短语、时态。句意：我把电脑装好了，这样工人们就可以在家工作了。根据“so that the workers could work from home”可知，此处指把电脑装好了，set sth. up“安装某物”符合题意，由could可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态为一般过去时，谓语用过去式，set的过去式为set。故填①set；②up。 38．考查固定短语、情态动词。句意：根据法律规定，在获得新贷款之前，你必须还清旧贷款。根据“your old loan before you can obtain a new one”可知，此处指还清旧贷款，pay off“还清”符合题意，情态动词shall后接动词原形。故填pay off。 39．考查固定短语。句意：丝绸和许多植物物种第一次来到英国。根据“Silk as well as many plant species came to Britain”可知，此处指第一次来到英国，for the first time“第一次”，符合题意。故填for the first time。 40．考查固定短语、时态。句意：被问了很多次，他们把我的名字加到了音乐小组的名单上。根据“my name”和“the list of the music group”可知，此处指把我的名字加到了名单上，add...to...“把……加到……上”符合题意，句子描述过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，谓语用过去式，add的过去式为added。故填①added；②to。 题型一 语法填空 （24-25高一下·浙江杭州·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Sharing music online prevents recording companies 1 (make) money. They say that over the past 10 years, sharing music online 2 (result) in a huge drop in profits and sales. People who find music for free online are not paying for CDs or every MP3 downloaded. To 3 (true) understand the influence of music piracy (盗版) on 4 (create), one must understand how many people are related to the recording process. For the sale of each album, profits must 5 (share) between musicians, sound engineers, music producers, managers, advertisers, and the company 6 (sell) the product. Many people believe sharing music only affects the recording artist, 7 the reality is that sharing hurts business for all companies involved. Many people don’t see the harm in sharing music online and even think they have the right 8 (do) it. One online blogger states that he originally paid for 9 entire CD and that he should be able to do with the material 10 he owns. He may actually have paid for the music legally; however, he has no right to provide permission, which means people like bloggers are thieves. 【答案】 1．making 2．has resulted 3．truly 4．creators 5．be shared 6．selling 7．but 8．to do 9．an 10．that/which 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在线分享音乐对唱片公司及相关从业者的影响，以及人们对此的不同看法。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：在线分享音乐阻碍了唱片公司赚钱。此处为固定搭配prevent...(from) doing sth.，其中from可省略，意为“阻止……做某事”，所以用动名词形式making作宾语。故填making。 2．考查动词时态。句意：他们说，在过去10年里，在线分享音乐导致利润和销售额大幅下降。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“over the past 10 years”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时；主语sharing music online为单数，所以谓语动词为has resulted。故填has resulted。 3．考查副词。句意：要真正理解音乐盗版对创作者的影响，必须了解有多少人参与了录制过程。此处修饰动词understand，用true的副词形式truly，意为“真正地”。故填truly。 4．考查名词复数。句意：要真正理解音乐盗版对创作者的影响，必须了解有多少人参与了录制过程。此处作介词on的宾语，用create的名词形式creator，意为“创作者”，可数名词前无限定词，所以此处应用复数形式creators表示泛指意义。故填creators。 5．考查动词语态。句意：每张专辑的销售利润必须在音乐家、音响工程师、音乐制作人、经理、广告商和销售该产品的公司之间分配。profits与share为被动关系，且位于情态动词must后，所以此处为be shared。故填be shared。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：每张专辑的销售利润必须在音乐家、音响工程师、音乐制作人、经理、广告商和销售该产品的公司之间分配。此处为非谓语动词，the company与sell为主动关系，用现在分词selling，作后置定语。故填selling。 7．考查连词。句意：许多人认为分享音乐只会影响唱片艺术家，但事实是，分享会损害所有相关公司的业务。结合句意，上下文之间表转折关系，用but，意为“但是”。故填but。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：许多人没有意识到在线分享音乐的危害，甚至认为他们有权利这样做。此处为固定搭配have the right to do sth.，意为“有权利做某事”，所以用to do作后置定语。故填to do。 9．考查冠词。句意：一位在线博主表示，他最初购买了一整张CD，他应该可以处理他所拥有的素材。entire CD为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一整张CD”，且entire是以元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an。故填an。 10．考查定语从句。句意：一位网络博主称，他最初花钱买了一整张CD，认为自己可以随意处理自己拥有的这份音乐材料。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词为the material，指物，在从句中作owns的宾语，用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 （24-25高一下·吉林白山·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has a long and 1 (influence) musical tradition. Over the centuries, musicians developed various styles of music and 2 (invent) or adopted many types of instruments. The classical traditional music of the elites, the folk and ethnic music, and the favourite traditional Chinese instruments are “keynotes” for 3 (praise) Chinese traditional music in general and enjoying it more! Confucius is said to have lived about 2,500 or so years ago. He is honoured for setting the tone for much traditional Chinese music for thousands of years. He is thought of as a great music teacher and a gifted musician 4 is able to play several instruments expertly. He also is China’s leading social philosopher (哲学家). In Confucian teachings, the purpose and role of music are laid out and the 5 (quality) of “good music” are explained. Perhaps for other people around the world, music was meant 6 (main) for enjoyment. But during the time of the Zhou Dynasty about 500 BC and afterwards, music had the key role of 7 important pillar (支柱) of society. How music is meant to be used and performed 8 (express) in several of the main Confucian books. The teachings are important for understanding traditional music. Confucius taught that: “ 9 (educate) somebody, you should start with poems, emphasize ceremonies (强调仪式), and finish with music.” Musical knowledge is a matter 10 higher learning. 【答案】 1．influential 2．invented 3．praising 4．who/that 5．qualities 6．mainly 7．an 8．is expressed 9．To educate 10．of 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国有着悠久而有影响力的音乐传统，孔子由于为许多中国传统音乐定下了基调而受到尊敬。 1．考查形容词。句意：中国有着悠久且颇具影响力的音乐传统。修饰名词tradition用形容词influential，作定语。故填influential。 2．考查动词时态。句意：在数百年的时间里，音乐家们发展出了各种各样的音乐风格，并发明或采用了许多种乐器。根据上文“musicians developed various styles of music and”可知，发生在过去用一般过去时。故填invented。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：精英阶层的经典传统音乐、民间及民族音乐，以及深受喜爱的中国传统乐器，都是赞美中国传统音乐、并增进对之喜爱之情的“关键元素”！介词后面需要动名词作宾语。故填praising。 4．考查定语从句。句意：人们认为他是一位杰出的音乐教师，也是一位极具天赋的音乐家，能够熟练地演奏多种乐器。空处引导定语从句，先行词是a great music teacher and a gifted musician，指人，在从句作主语，故用who或that。故填who/that。 5．考查名词复数。句意：在儒家学说中，对音乐的目的和作用进行了阐述，并对“好音乐”的特质进行了说明。quality是可数名词，根据“are explained”可知应用复数形式。故填qualities。 6．考查副词。句意：或许对于世界上的其他人而言，音乐的主要用途在于带来愉悦感受。此处修饰动词meant用副词mainly。故填mainly。 7．考查冠词。句意：但在大约公元前500年的周朝时期以及之后的岁月里，音乐在社会中扮演着至关重要的角色，成为了社会的重要支柱之一。此处pillar为泛指，且important是发音以元音音素开头的单词，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 8．考查动词的时态和语态。句意：音乐的使用和演奏方式在几部主要的儒家典籍中都有明确的阐述。主语How music is meant to be used and performed与谓语构成被动关系，且陈述事实故用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为从句，be动词用is。故填is expressed。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：孔子曾教导说：“要教育一个人，应当先从诗歌入手，再强调礼仪，最后以音乐收尾。”此处educate作目的状语，需要填不定式，首字母大写。故填To educate。 10．考查介词。句意：音乐知识属于更高层次的学习范畴。a matter of是固定搭配，表示“……的问题”。故填of。 题型二 阅读理解 （24-25高一下·河南郑州·期末）On the first day of school this year, Joseph Riley, the headmaster of Pocahontas County High School in West Virginia, dropped by the band classroom and told the 38 students that the school had been unable to find a band teacher after the former teacher left over the summer to take a teaching position at a different school. “I said that we’d have to get them into other classes,” Riley said. Then he gave the students a second option. If the teens wanted to keep the Warriors band going and teach themselves, the school would support them. Most students decided to take a different class, but 10 students took him up on the offer. The guys didn’t give up in the face of difficulties and they found the courage to keep the band going. The 10 band members elected Hailey Fitzgerald, 17, as band director, and then invited 2 teachers from the school to serve as advisors. Math teacher Jennifer Cook agreed to offer support. “They’re an impressive group of kids,” Cook said, “We’re all very proud of them.” Band students practice the school song every day, and they’ve learned to work together, Fitzgerald said. They also had to solve a problem when they realized they had too many drummers (鼓手). The band’s latest performance was on their school’s Homecoming Day. “When we do our school song, that’s probably everybody’s favorite,” said Jadyn Lane, 17. “To see so many people supporting and cheering us on, that’s inspiring.” Several schoolmates volunteered to join the students in the stands on Homecoming Day. “Our school is the heart of the community,” Riley said. “Everyone is really appreciative of these kids working together to make sure our school still has a band. It’s amazing to see the progress they’ve made on their own.” Years from now, Fitzgerald imagines she’ll look back on her junior year as the band director with pride. “It was never an option for us to quit — we all love it too much,” she said. 1．What happened to the Warriors band when school started this year? A．The school hired a new band teacher. B．The band members chose other classes. C．The band continued with student leadership. D．The headmaster was not satisfied with the band. 2．Which words can best describe the 10 band members? A．Mild and patient. B．Capable and generous. C．Intelligent and imaginative. D．Determined and impressive. 3．What do we know about the band’s latest performance? A．It was organized by several schools. B．It was staged for a yearly local festival. C．It was well recognised by the audience. D．It was attended by every community member. 4．How has Fitzgerald benefited from directing the band? A．It has led her to a lifelong hobby. B．It has helped her to be a top student. C．It has brought her a sense of community. D．It has given her a memory to be treasured. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了西弗吉尼亚州一所高中的乐队在原教师离职后，由10名学生自主领导并坚持运营，最终成功完成表演并获得认可的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Most students decided to take a different class, but 10 students took him up on the offer. The guys didn’t give up in the face of difficulties and they found the courage to keep the band going.(大多数学生决定去上另一门课，但有10名学生接受了提议。面对困难，他们没有放弃，他们找到了让乐队继续前进的勇气)”和第三段“The 10 band members elected Hailey Fitzgerald, 17, as band director, and then invited 2 teachers from the school to serve as advisors.(10名乐队成员选出了17岁的海莉·菲茨杰拉德担任乐队指挥，并邀请了2名学校老师担任乐队顾问)”可知，乐队在学生自主领导下继续运营。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“The guys didn’t give up in the face of difficulties and they found the courage to keep the band going.(这些孩子没有在困难面前放弃，他们找到了继续乐队的勇气)”及第三段“They’re an impressive group of kids,” Cook said, “We’re all very proud of them.”(“他们是一群令人印象深刻的孩子，” 库克说，“我们都为他们感到骄傲。”)”可知，这10名乐队成员是坚定且令人印象深刻的。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“The band’s latest performance was on their school’s Homecoming Day. “When we do our school song, that’s probably everybody’s favorite,” said Jadyn Lane, 17.(乐队最近的一次演出是在学校的返校节。“当我们唱校歌的时候，那可能是每个人的最爱，”17岁的Jadyn Lane说)”和第五段“To see so many people supporting and cheering us on, that’s inspiring.(看到这么多人支持并为我们加油，这令人鼓舞)”以及第六段校长的话“Everyone is really appreciative of these kids working together to make sure our school still has a band. It’s amazing to see the progress they’ve made on their own.(每个人都很感激这些孩子们一起努力，确保我们学校仍然有一支乐队。看到他们自己取得的进步是令人惊讶的)”可知，乐队最近的表演获得了观众的广泛认可。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Years from now, Fitzgerald imagines she’ll look back on her junior year as the band director with pride.(菲茨杰拉德想象，多年后，她会自豪地回顾作为乐队指挥的高中时光)”可知，指挥乐队给了她一段值得珍惜的回忆。故选D。 （24-25高一下·甘肃张掖·期末）The Eagles’ rock song “Hotel California” is very famous. Many famous musicians, like the Gypsy Kings, Nancy Sinatra, and Frank Ocean, have played it. But there’s a mysterious musician named MoYun who has played it in a special way. She used a guzheng, which is a traditional Chinese instrument, to play this song from the 1970s. Her unusual version (版本) is very beautiful and keeps the super harmony (和谐) of the original song. Guzheng is a kind of stringed instrument (弦乐器). The modern versions of this wooden instrument usually have 21,25, or 26 strings and are about 64 inches long. It is known for its sharp and metal sounds. Thanks to its features and history, it is mostly used to perform traditional Chinese folk music. It can be difficult to play a song with many parts and different instruments on guzheng, so MoYun explained her choices in the video description. She said, “The use of guitar in ‘Hotel California’ can be regarded as one of the classic arrangements in history, especially in the 1994 live version. So I made some cuts to the singing parts, focusing on the two guitar solos at the beginning and the end.” To show respect for the traditional instrument, Mo Yun, who is known for seldom showing her face on camera, wore traditional clothes for the video. She wrote, “I’m wearing a Wei Jin style wide-sleeved cross-collared Hanfu. To make it convenient to play guzheng, I added panbo, which are tools to roll up the sleeves for easy operation. I also wore a hand-woven straw hat. The whole clothes look simple and make it seem like I’m about to plant rice!” This isn’t the first rock song MoYun has played. She has also shared her remarkable guzheng covers of “Thunderstruck” by AC/DC and “Numb” by Linkin Park. She has also recorded many cartoon songs and video game soundtracks, showing the versatility of this ages-old instrument. 1．What makes MoYun’s version of “Hotel California” special? A．She revised the words of the original song. B．She played it with a Chinese instrument. C．She added traditional Chinese singing parts. D．She performed it with foreign musicians. 2．What can we learn about guzheng from paragraph 2? A．The number of its strings is not fixed. B．Its sound is sharper than heavy metal. C．It is easier to play than electric guitars. D．It is only suitable for playing folk music. 3．What does the underlined word “versatility” in the last paragraph mean? A．Public popularity. B．Creative techniques. C．Different functions. D．Entertainment purpose. 4．What would be the best title for the passage? A．The History and Features of Guzheng B．MoYun: A Pioneer of Guzheng Development C．“Hotel California” — A Famous Rock Classic D．An Amazing Cover of “Hotel California” with Guzheng 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了神秘音乐人莫云用古筝演奏《加州旅馆》等摇滚、卡通及游戏曲目，其版本优美和谐，展现了古筝的多功能性。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“But there’s a mysterious musician named MoYun who has played it in a special way. She used a guzheng, which is a traditional Chinese instrument, to play this song from the 1970s. (但有一位名叫莫云的神秘音乐家以独特的方式演奏了这首曲子。她使用了古筝（一种中国传统乐器）来演奏这首20世纪70年代的歌曲)”可知，莫云用了一种中国乐器来演奏《加州旅馆》这首曲子。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“The modern versions of this wooden instrument usually have 21,25, or 26 strings and are about 64 inches long.(这种木质乐器的现代版本通常有21根、25根或26根弦，长度约为64英寸)”可知，古筝的弦的数量并非固定不变。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“She has also recorded many cartoon songs and video game soundtracks(此外，她还录制了许多卡通歌曲和电子游戏配乐)”可知，她还用古筝录制了许多卡通歌曲和电子游戏配乐，体现了其不同的功能。故划线词意思是“不同的功能”。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“But there’s a mysterious musician named MoYun who has played it in a special way. She used a guzheng, which is a traditional Chinese instrument, to play this song from the 1970s. Her unusual version is very beautiful and keeps the super harmony of the original song.(但有一位名叫莫云的神秘音乐家以独特的方式演奏了这首曲子。她使用了古筝（一种中国传统乐器）来演奏这首20世纪70年代的歌曲。她的独特演绎非常美妙，还保留了原曲的完美和谐感)”结合文章主要说明了神秘音乐人莫云用古筝演奏《加州旅馆》等摇滚、卡通及游戏曲目，其版本优美和谐，展现了古筝的多功能性。可知，D选项“用古筝演绎的《加州旅馆》的精彩翻唱版本”最符合文章标题。故选D。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $