Unit 1 The king's new clothes 语法（专项训练）-2025-2026学年译林版（三起）（2012）英语六年级上册

六上英语Unit 1 语法专项训练

重点语法知识点

一、描述过去有某人/某物的句型

句型结构：There was/were + 某人/某物（+ 其他）

课文例句：Long long ago, there was a king. 很久以前，有一个国王。

用法详解：此句型用于描述过去的某一时间（在某地）有某人 / 某物。

there was 后面接可数名词单数形式或不可数名词，

there were 后面接可数名词复数形式。

列句:   1.There was a lot of fruit over there. 那边有许多水果。

2.There were many books in the bookcase one year ago. 一年前，书柜里有许多书。

 

   知识拓展： there be 句型遵循 “就近原则”，

        即 be 动词要和离得最近的名词的单复数形式保持一致。

列句:   There was a book and two pens on the desk.
There were two pens and a book on the desk.

there be 句型（有……）

is are → 一般现在时

was were → 一般过去时

 

练习1

用所给词的适当形式填空。

1.Long long ago, there ______ (be) a king.

2.There ______ (be) many erasers on the desk yesterday.

3.There ______ (be) a pen and some books near the computer just now.

4.There ______ (be) some crayons and a knife in my bag yesterday.

5.There ______ (be not) any tea in his cup ten minutes ago.

6.跨学科 科学常识 There ______ (be) any air or water on the Moon.

7.There were a lot of ________ (人) in the street.

8.There ______ (be) some fruit and milk in the fridge.

9. There were some orange bikes in the street. (改为单数句)
There ______________________________ in the street.

10. Was there a mango in the box? (改为复数句)
______ there ______ ______ in the ______?

 

二、描述过去发生的事情的句型

 

句型结构： 主语 + 实义动词的过去式（+ 其他）.

课文例句：He liked new clothes. 他喜欢新衣服。

用法详解：此句型用于描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时态。

在一般过去时态的句子中，常用的时间状语有：ago（以前）、yesterday（昨天）、before（之前）、the day before yesterday（前天）、last week（上周）、last year（去年）、last night（昨晚）、just now（刚刚）、long long ago（很久以前）等 

列句:   He cleaned the room yesterday. 他昨天打扫房间了。

I played football last week. 我上周踢足球了。

知识拓展：(1)谓语动词为实义动词的一般过去时态的句型结构：
     ①肯定句：主语 + 实义动词的过去式（+ 其他）.
    例句：I watched TV last night. 昨晚我看电视了。
    ②否定句：主语 + didn't + 实义动词原形（+ 其他）.
    例句：He didn't finish his homework yesterday. 他昨天没有完成他的家庭作业。
      I didn't know you before. 我以前不认识你。
     ③一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 实义动词原形（+ 其他）？
     肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + did.
     否定回答：No, 主语 + didn't.
    例句：—Did you go to the zoo last week? 你上周去动物园了吗？
       —Yes, I did. 是的，我去了。
       finish（动词）完成
      finish (doing) sth 完成（做）某事
      Be quiet! He hasn't finished speaking. 安静！他还没有讲完。

（2）动词过去式的构成规则：

构成规则	例词
一般直接在动词词尾加 -ed	help — helped clean — cleaned
以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词，先变 y 为 i，再加 -ed	study — studied cry — cried
以不发音的字母 e 结尾的动词，在词尾直接加 -d	live — lived like — liked
以单个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母再加 -ed	stop — stopped plan — planned
一些不规则变化	am/is — was are — were go — went see — saw tell — told
一般直接在动词词尾加 -ed	help — helped clean — cleaned

 

 

练习2

1.He pointed at the funny boy and _______(laugh).

2.I ________ (live) in Beijing last year.

3.Lisa usually ________ her grandparents on Sundays. But she ________ them last Friday. (visit)

4.They ________ (have) a birthday party last Saturday.

5.Last Children’s Day, we ________ (play) many games and we ________ (laugh).

6.This morning, our teacher ________ (show) us a nice picture.

7.Wang Bing often ________ (watch) films on Sunday. But last Sunday, he ________ (go) swimming.

8.Mary ________ (lose) her new kite last night.

写出下列动词的过去式。

am — ________   laugh— ________   become — ________take — ________ shout — ________

walk — ________  wear — ________   do — ________    go — ________  know — ________

meet — ________  make — ________   can — ________   see — ________  get — ________

point — ________  live — _________   visit — ________   is— ________   are— ________

三、描述过去的状态的句型

句型结构： 主语 + was/were + 状态类形容词

课文例句： The king was happy. 国王很高兴。

用法详解：此句型用于描述某人或某物过去的状态或特点。

be 动词的过去式随主语的人称和数的变化而变化。

be 动词的过去式：
was：主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词（a boy、water 等）；

主语是第一人称单数或第三人称单数（I、he 等）
were：主语是可数名词复数（men、two boys 等）；

主语是第二人称、第一人称复数或第三人称复数（you、we、they 等）

列句:   I lost my key. I was sad. 我丢了钥匙。我很难过。
My pet dogs ate the bones. They were happy. 我的宠物狗吃了骨头。它们很高兴。

 

练习3

1.I ______ (be) a primary school student last year.​

2.My parents ______ (be) in Beijing yesterday. They visited the Great Wall.​

3.The weather ______ (be) sunny and warm last Sunday. We had a picnic.​