内容正文:
专题01 一个时态(期中复习讲义)
单元
语法点
常考题型
命题趋势
Unit 1
一般现在时
单项选择
语法选择
语法填空
词汇运用
补全对话等
1.注重素养:更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。
2.情境化突出:借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境,将语法考察与实际生活相结合。
3.文化传承与价值导向明显:注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。
知识点01 一般现在时
一、一般现在时的定义
一般现在时用于表示:
1、经常性或习惯性的动作(如日常生活、学习安排等)
2、客观事实或普遍真理(如科学规律、自然现象等)
3、现在的状态(如职业、性格、能力等)
例句:
I go to school every day.(习惯性动作)
The sun rises in the east.(客观真理)
She is a teacher.(现在的状态)
二、基本结构
主语类型
谓语动词形式
例句
I / You / We / They / 复数名词
动词原形
They play football.
He / She / It / 单数名词
动词 + -s/-es(三单变化)
He watches TV every night.
所有主语
be动词(am/is/are)
She is happy.
be动词的一般现在时
主 语
Be动词形式
例 句
第一人称单数
am
I am a student.
第二人称单数you
are
You are my friend
第三人称单数he/she/it以及单数可数名词、不可数名词
is
He is a boy.
The book is interesting.
The water is cold.
第一人称复数we
are
We are in the same class.
第二人称复数you
are
You are good students.
第三人称复数they以及复数可数名词
are
They are teachers. The apples are red.
(一)含be动词一般现在时的句型结构
1、肯定句
①第一人称单数(I):I + am + 其他成分。
例如:I am a student.(我是一名学生。)
②第二人称单复数(you)、第一人称复数(we)、第三人称复数(they)以及复数可数名词:You/We/They + are + 其他成分。
例如:We are in the same class.(我们在同一个班级。)
③第三人称单数(he/she/it)以及单数可数名词、不可数名词:He/She/It + is + 其他成分。
例如:He is a doctor.(他是一名医生。)
2、否定句:
①第一人称单数(I):I + am + not + 其他成分。
例如:I am not a teacher.(我不是一名教师。)(am和not一般不缩写)
②第二人称单复数(you)、第一人称复数(we)、第三人称复数(they)以及复数可数名词:You/We/They + are + not + 其他成分,可缩写为You/We/They + aren't + 其他成分。
例如:You aren't late.(你没迟到。)
③第三人称单数(he/she/it)以及单数可数名词、不可数名词:He/She/It + is + not + 其他成分,可缩写为He/She/It + isn't + 其他成分。
例如:
He isn't at home.(他不在家。)
3、一般疑问句
①- 将be动词提前到主语之前:Am + I + 其他成分?
例如:Am I right?(我是正确的吗?)
Are + you/we/they + 其他成分?
例如:
Are you ready?(你准备好了吗?)
Are we on time?(我们准时吗?)
Are they here?(他们在这儿吗?)
- Is + he/she/it + 其他成分?
例如:
Is he your brother?(他是你的兄弟吗?)
Is the book interesting?(这本书有趣吗?)
回答:肯定回答用Yes, 主语 + be动词;否定回答用No, 主语 + be动词 + not。
例如:Are you a student? -Yes, I am. / No, I'm not.
4、特殊疑问句
①-特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句(be动词提前)
②询问身份:What + be + 主语?
例如:What are you?(你是做什么的?)
③询问状态:How + be + 主语?
例如:How is she today?(她今天过得怎么样?)
④询问位置:Where + be + 主语?
例如:Where is my pen?(我的钢笔在哪儿?)
(2) 含实义动词一般现在时的句型结构
肯定式
否定式
I like oranges.
You like oranges.
He/She likes oranges.
We/You /They like oranges.
I do not like oranges.
You do not like oranges.
He / She does not like oranges.
We/ You /They do not like oranges.
疑问式和简略回答
Do I like oranges?
Yes, you do.
No, you do not.
Do you like oranges?
Yes, I do.
No, I do not.
Does he / she like oranges?
Yes, he / she does.
No, he / she does not.
Do we like oranges?
Yes, we / you do.
No, we / you do not.
Do you like oranges?
Yes, we do.
No, we do not.
Do they like oranges?
Yes, they do.
No, they do not.
注:在口语中do not 经常缩略为 don't. does not 经常缩略为 doesn’t
动词三单变化规则:
情况
构成方法
例词
一般情况
直接加-s
read→reads love→loves
以s,o,x,ch,sh结尾
加-es
pass→passes box→boxes
teach→teaches wash→washes
以辅音字母 + y结尾
将y变为i,再加-es
carry→carries study→studies
不规则变化
have→has be→am/is/are
三、时间状语(标志词)
一般现在时常与以下时间状语连用:
频度副词:always(总是)、usually(通常)、often(经常)、sometimes(有时)、seldom(很少)、never(从不)
时间短语:every day/week(每天/周)、on Sundays(在周日)、in the morning(在早上)
例句:
She always gets up early.
They often play basketball after school.
四、句型转换
句型
结构
例句
肯定句
主语 + 动词原形/三单形式
He reads books.
否定句
主语 + don't/doesn't + 动词原形
She doesn't like coffee.
一般疑问句
Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形?
Do you speak English?
特殊疑问句
疑问词 + do/does + 主语 + 动词原形?
What does she eat for breakfast?
注意:
否定句/疑问句中,doesn't/don't 后的动词恢复原形(如:He doesn't play games.)
be动词的疑问句直接提前(如:Is she a teacher?)
易|错|点|拨
1、三单动词忘记加 -s
❌ She go to school. → ✅ She goes to school.
2、否定句/疑问句中动词未还原
❌ Does she likes music? → ✅ Does she like music?
3、be动词与实义动词混用
❌ She is likes apples. → ✅ She likes apples.
4、时间状语位置错误
❌ She goes to school every day on foot. → ✅ She goes to school on foot every day.
解|题|技|巧
第一步:
找时间标志词,如果没有,就根据动词或语境来分析判断。这是关键,也是前提。
第二步:
回忆相应时态的结构,经常复习,记得精准。这是核心。
第三步:
细节完善,全局检查。比如第三人称单数。
【即时检测】
1.Mike ________ fast. Look! He ________ faster than Tom.
A.runs; run B.run; run
C.runs; is running D.run; running
【答案】C
【详解】句意:Mike跑得很快。看!他现在跑得比Tom更快。考查动词时态。第一空描述Mike的跑步习惯,用一般现在时第三人称单数形式runs;第二空根据“Look!”可知,时态是现在进行时,表示正在发生的动作,用“is running”。故选C。
2.John often ________ to school by bike.
A.goes B.went C.going D.go
【答案】A
【详解】句意:约翰经常骑自行车上学。考查时态及主谓一致。根据“often”可知,句子时态为一般现在时,主语为“John”,此处用三单形式goes。故选A。
3.I _______ TV every evening.
A.watch B.watches C.watching D.to watch
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我每天晚上都看电视。考查动词时态。根据句中的“every evening”可知,句子描述的是经常性、习惯性的动作,因此时态应用一般现在时。主语“I”是第一人称,其后接的动词应用原形形式。故选A。
4.My brother _______ to school every day.
A.go B.goes C.going D.to go
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我弟弟每天去上学。考查主谓一致和动词时态。根据主语“My brother”是第三人称单数,且“every day”表示一般现在时可知,谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。go意为“去”;单三形式为goes。故选B。
5.I like playing basketball best, so PE always ________ me excited.
A.makes B.make C.making D.to make
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我最喜欢打篮球,所以体育总是让我兴奋。考查一般现在时和主谓一致。根据“I like playing basketball best”可知,时态是一般现在时;根据“PE always...me excited”可知,空处缺少谓语动词,主语是PE,所以空处应用动词的第三人称单数形式。故选A。
6.He likes going ________. So he often ________ in summer.
A.swimming; swims B.swim; swims C.swimming; swim
【答案】A
【详解】句意:他喜欢去游泳。所以他经常在夏天游泳。考查非谓语动词和一般现在时。根据“He likes going...”可知,此处应用短语go swimming“去游泳”;根据第二空前的“often”可知,此处表示经常性动作,应用一般现在时,主语he表示单数,所以第二空应用swim的第三人称单数形式swims。故选A。
7.He often ________ to school. But he ________ a bike this morning because it was rainy.
A.walk; rode B.walks; rode C.walked; rides
【答案】B
【详解】句意:他经常步行去学校。但是他今天早上骑了自行车,因为下雨了。考查一般现在时和一般过去时。根据第一空前的“often”可知,此处表示经常性动作,应用一般现在时,主语He表示单数,所以第一空应用walk的第三人称单数形式walks;根据“it was rainy”可知,此处表示过去发生的动作,应用一般过去时,所以第二空应用ride的过去式rode。故选B。
8.Sam ________ running.
A.likes B.liking C.liked D.like
【答案】A
【详解】句意:Sam喜欢跑步。考查动词时态和主谓一致。此句描述的是Sam的爱好,用一般现在时即可。主语是Sam,动词用三单形式。故选A。
9.—________ the boy with glasses do well in music?
—Of course, he ________ good at playing the piano.
A.Is; is B.Are; does C.Does; is D.Do; does
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——那个戴眼镜的男孩音乐学得好吗?——当然,他擅长弹钢琴。考查一般疑问句和形容词短语。do well in“在……做得好”,句中有谓语动词,主语是the boy,故变一般疑问句时借助助动词does;be good at“擅长”,主语是he,be动词用is。故选C。
10.—________ everyone ________ from Nanjing?
—No. Mr. Wang ________ from Beijing.
A.Do; come; does B.Does; comes; is C.Does; come; is D.Do; come; is
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——每个人都来自南京吗?——不是。王老师来自北京。考查一般疑问句及动词用法。第一个空,主语“everyone”是不定代词,视为第三人称单数,构成一般疑问句需用助动词Does;第二个空,助动词Does后接动词原形,用come;第三个空,“be from”和“come from”均表示“来自”,此处主语“Mr. Wang”是第三人称单数,应用comes或是is,结合选项,故选C。
基础通关(测试时间:10分钟)
一、单项选择
1.Simon likes playing ________ football. He ________ it with his friends at school.
A.the; play B./; plays C./; play D.the; plays
【答案】B
【详解】句意:西蒙喜欢踢足球。他在学校和朋友们一起踢球。考查冠词用法和动词时态。第一空,在表示球类运动的名词前不用定冠词the,play football表示“踢足球”,中间不加冠词,所以排除A、D选项;第二空,根据句意可知,句子陈述的是客观事实,时态应用一般现在时,且主语“He”是第三人称单数,谓语动词也要用第三人称单数形式,因此用plays,排除C选项。故选B。
2.Our school day ________ at 7:10 every morning.
A.starts B.is starting C.start D.is starts
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我们学校每天早上7:10开始上课。考查一般现在时。starts第三人称单数形式;is starting现在进行时;start原形;is starts语法错误,be动词与动词原形不能直接连用。根据“every morning”表明动作是经常性、习惯性的,需用一般现在时,且主语“school day”为第三人称单数。故选A。
3.Before, I ________ short hair. Now, my hair ________ long.
A.have; is B.had; was C.had; is D.had; has
【答案】C
【详解】句意:以前,我留着短发。现在,我的头发变长了。 考查动词时态。第一空:根据时间状语“Before”,可知动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时。“have”的过去式是“had”,因此第一空填“had”;第二空:根据时间状语“Now”,可知描述当前状态,应用一般现在时。句子主语“my hair”是不可数名词,视为单数,长是头发的属性,因此使用be动词,对应的be动词用“is”,故选C。
4.He didn’t ________ doing kung fu last year. But now he ________ it.
A.liked; like B.liked; likes C.like; likes D.like; like
【答案】C
【详解】句意:他去年不喜欢练功夫。但现在他喜欢了。 考查动词时态及否定句用法。第一空:根据时间状语“last year”,可知时态为一般过去时;且句中有否定助动词“didn’t”,其后必须接动词原形。第二空:根据时间状语“now”,可知时态为一般现在时,句子主语“he”是第三人称单数,谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式,“like”的第三人称单数是“likes”。故选C。
5.Kate likes cooking a lot. She often ________ delicious food with her parents.
A.cook B.cooks C.is cooking D.cooked
【答案】B
【详解】句意:凯特非常喜欢烹饪。她经常和父母一起做美味的食物。
考查一般现在时和主谓一致。根据“often”可知,此处表示经常性动作,应用一般现在时,主语She表示单数,所以空处应用动词的第三人称单数形式。故选B。
6.—What do you usually do at weekends?
—I usually ________ basketball with my friends in the park.
A.play B.plays C.are playing D.played
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你周末通常做什么?——我通常和我的朋友在公园里打篮球。考查时态。根据“usually”可知,时态为一般现在时,主语为I,动词用原形。故选A。
7.Sandy ________ long hair, but Millie’s hair ________ short.
A.have; is B.have; are C.has; is D.has; are
【答案】C
【详解】句意:桑迪有长头发,但是米莉的头发是短的。考查动词辨析。have有,动词原形;has有,动词第三人称单数形式;is是,be动词的单数形式;are是,be动词的复数形式。根据句子结构可知,第一个空表示“有”,且主语Sandy是第三人称单数形式,所以第一个空用has;第二个空后short是形容词,因此第二个空用be动词,且主语hair是不可数名词,be动词用is。故选C。
8.Jenny often ________ to school early, but this morning she ________ to school late.
A.go; went B.went; goes C.goes; went D.goes; goes
【答案】C
【详解】句意:珍妮经常很早去上学,但是今天早上她上学迟到了。考查一般现在时和一般过去时。go去(动词原形);goes去(动词第三人称单数形式);went去(过去式)。根据第一空前的“often”可知,第一空应用一般现在时,主语“Jenny”表示单数,所以第一空应选动词第三人称单数形式goes;根据“this morning she...to school late”可知,此处表示过去发生的动作,应用一般过去时,所以第二空应选过去式went。故选C。
9.—Let’s ________ computer games.
—That ________ boring. I don’t like them.
A.play; sound B.play; sounds C.plays; sound D.plays; sounds
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我们一起玩电脑游戏吧。——那听起来很无聊。我不喜欢它们。考查动词形式辨析。根据“Let’s”可知第一空用动词原形play;根据“That”可知第二空用第三人称单数sounds。故选B。
10.Pauline ________ in Singapore with her big family.
A.live B.lives C.is live D.living
【答案】B
【详解】句意:Pauline和她的大家庭住在新加坡。考查主谓一致。根据“Pauline ... in Singapore with her big family.”可知,句子是描述现在的状态,用一般现在时,主语是Pauline,谓语动词用第三人称单数lives。故选B。
二、用所给单词适当形式填空
11.My family (enjoy) going on vacation together every summer.
【答案】enjoy
【详解】句意:我的家人每年夏天都喜欢一起度假。enjoy doing sth.表示“喜欢做某事”,句子是一般现在时态,主语“My family”在此处指家庭成员,谓语动词用复数形式。故填enjoy。
12.As a saying (go), “He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man. ”
【答案】goes
【详解】句意:正如一句谚语所说:“不到长城非好汉”。主语“a saying”是第三人称单数,所以动词用goes,“goes”译为“说(此处指谚语的内容流传、表述)”,故填goes。
13.Daniel often (fix) the computer in his free time.
【答案】fixes
【详解】句意:Daniel经常在他的闲暇时间修理电脑。主语“Daniel”是第三人称单数,所以动词用单三形式fixes,“fixes”译为“修理”,故填fixes。
14.My parents (has) a boat and we often go boating.
【答案】have
【详解】句意:我的父母有一艘船,我们经常去划船。句子主语My parents是复数,一般现在时中,复数主语后的谓语动词用原形,has的原形是have。故填have。
15.This is a jacket and it (be) blue.
【答案】is
【详解】句意:这是一件夹克,它是蓝色的。句子时态为一般现在时,主语it是第三人称单数,be动词应用is。故填is。
16.Jane is a university student from Ireland, and she hard. (study)
【答案】studies
【详解】句意:简是一名来自爱尔兰的大学生,她学习很努力。根据“is”可知此处表示客观情况,用一般现在时,主语是she,谓语动词用第三人称单数studies“学习”。故填studies。
17.Helen (not go) to the zoo on Sundays.
【答案】doesn’t go
【详解】句意:海伦星期天不去动物园。根据“on Sundays”可知,此处表示经常性的行为,应用一般现在时;主语Helen表示单数,go是实义动词,所以应借助doesn’t表示否定,does后接动词原形。故填doesn’t go。
18.—Our new library very beautiful. (look) —I think so.
【答案】looks
【详解】句意:——我们的新图书馆看起来非常漂亮。——我也这么认为。描述事实用一般现在时,主语为单数的“Our new library”,空处填动词三单形式。look“看起来”,动词,三单形式为looks。故填looks。
19.My father to the radio every day. (listen)
【答案】listens
【详解】句意:我父亲每天听收音机。listen“听”,根据“every day”可知,该句描述经常性的动作,是一般现在时,主语是“My father”,动词填三单形式。故填listens。
20.—How does your English teacher go to school?
—She usually to school. (drive)
【答案】drives
【详解】句意:——你的英语老师怎么去学校?——她通常开车去学校。根据“How does your English teacher go to school?”可知原句是一般现在时,主语She是第三人称单数,谓语动词drive“开车”需用第三人称单数形式。故填drives。
三、补全对话
阅读下面对话,从7个选项中选择5个恰当的句子完成此对话。
A: My name is Samuel. 21
B: I’m Frank.
A: 22
B: I’m from the US. What about you?
A: I’m from Singapore. 23
B: I’m a farmer.
A: That’s a nice job. 24
B: Oh, I keep pigs, horses, cows, sheep and so on.
A: Your farm is very big, isn’t it?
B: Yes. 25
A.What’s your job?
B.It’s big and beautiful.
C.How old are you?
D.What’s your name?
E.Where are you from?
F.My grandpa is a farmer too.
G.What animals do you keep on your farm?
【答案】21.D 22.E 23.A 24.G 25.B
【导语】本文是一则对话,主要内容为A和B之间的自我介绍以及关于B的职业和农场的交流。
21.根据“I’m Frank.”可知,此处A在询问B的名字。选项D“你叫什么名字?”符合语境。故选D。
22.根据“I’m from the US.”可知,此处A在询问B来自哪里。选项E“你来自哪里?”符合语境。故选E。
23.根据“I’m a farmer.”可知,此处A在询问B的职业。选项A“你的工作是什么?”符合语境。故选A。
24.根据“Oh, I keep pigs, horses, cows, sheep and so on.”可知,此处A在询问B在农场养了什么动物。选项G“你在农场养什么动物?”符合语境。故选G。
25.根据“Your farm is very big, isn’t it?”和“Yes.”可知,此处B在介绍自己的农场。选项B“它又大又漂亮。”符合语境。故选B。
重难突破(测试时间:10分钟)
一、语法选择
Hello! I am Dudu. I 1 13 years old. I’m from Chengdu. But now I live 2 Yongchuan. I live with my father, my mother 3 my sister. We love 4 . We have 5 pet bird. It’s a parrot. I often play it with 6 sister after school! We love sports too. There are many balls in our room. My family members often 7 basketball. Look! This is my basketball. And that is my 8 tennis. She 9 tennis very much. At weekends we often listen to music. I like music a lot and I can 10 in the school band every Monday.
We are very happy every day.
1.A.am B.is C.are
2.A.in B.to C.on
3.A.so B.or C.and
4.A.animals B.animal’s C.animal
5.A.a B.an C.the
6.A.I B.me C.my
7.A.play B.plays C.playing
8.A.sister B.sister’s C.sisters’
9.A.like B.likes C.to like
10.A.sing B.singing C.to sing
【答案】
1.A 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.C 7.A 8.B 9.B 10.A
【导语】本文介绍了嘟嘟和其家人的喜好及生活情况。
1.句意:我十三岁。
am是,主语为第一人称I;is是,主语为第三人称单数;are是,主语为第二人称或者复数。根据主语“I”是第一人称单数,故选A。
2.句意:但是现在我住在永川。
in在……里;to朝向;on在……上。live in+某地,意思为“居住在某地”,故选A。
3.句意:我和我的父亲、母亲及我的妹妹一起生活。
so所以,表示结果;or或者,表示选择;and并且,表示并列关系。根据“my father, my mother”和“my sister”之间是并列关系,故选C。
4.句意:我们喜欢动物。
animals动物,名词复数;animal’s动物的,名词所有格;animal动物,名词单数。love后应跟名词作宾语,分析句子可知此处用名词复数表示类别,故选A。
5.句意:我们有一只宠物鸟。
a/an表示“一个”,不定冠词,an用于元音音素开头的单数名词前;a用于辅音音素开头的单数名词前。the,定冠词,表示特指。根据句意可知此处指“一只宠物鸟”,表示泛指,pet以辅音音素开头,所以用a,故选A。
6.句意:我经常在放学后和我的妹妹与它一起玩耍。
I我,主格,作主语;me我,宾格,作宾语;my我的,形容词性物主代词,用来修饰名词。根据此处修饰名词“sister”,所以用形容词性物主代词。故选C。
7.句意:我的家庭成员经常打篮球。
play玩,动词原形;plays玩,第三人称单数形式;playing玩,现在分词形式。根据“often”可知该句用一般现在时,主语“My family members”是复数,所以谓语动词用原形,故选A。
8.句意:那是我妹妹的网球。
sister妹妹;sister’s妹妹的,名词所有格;sisters’妹妹的,复数名词所有格。根据“tennis”可知此处填写名词所有格作限定语,根据“I live with my father, my mother… my sister”可知作者只有一个妹妹,所以此处用sister的单数名词所有格,故选B。
9.句意:她非常喜欢网球。
like喜欢,动词原形;likes喜欢,动词的第三人称单数形式;to like喜欢,动词不定式。根据“she”是第三人称单数形式,所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故选B。
10.句意:我非常喜欢音乐并且我每周一可以在学校乐队唱歌。
sing唱,动词原形;singing唱,动名词;to sing唱;动词不定式。根据'“can”后面加动词原形,故选A。
二、阅读理解
My name is Holly. I’m 14 years old, and I am a middle school student. I like my school life.
I get up at six o’clock in the morning. Then I go running in the playground. At half past six, I have breakfast at school. You can see many students and teachers in the dining hall. After breakfast, I go to my classroom and read English.
We have six classes every day. The first class starts at eight o’clock. I like all my subjects. I think they are interesting. My favorite subject is English, so I often go to the English corner (英语角) on Thursday evening. I can practice (练习) my English there. After class, I always play with my friends. We play basketball, football and table tennis.
I like all my lessons, my friends and my teachers. In a word (总而言之), I love my school life.
11.How many classes does Holly have every day?
A.Five. B.Six. C.Seven. D.Eight.
12.What does Holly think of her subjects?
A.Interesting. B.Boring. C.Easy. D.Difficult.
13.What is the structure (结构) of the passage?
A. B. C. D.
14.What’s the best title (标题) for the passage?
A.Holly’s Friends B.Holly’s Lessons C.Holly’s School Life D.Holly’s Family
【答案】11.B 12.A 13.B 14.C
【导语】本文主要介绍了Holly的学校生活。
11.细节理解题。根据“We have six classes every day.”可知,每天有6节课。故选B。
12.细节理解题。根据“I like all my subjects. I think they are interesting.”可知,Holly觉得所有的科目都很有趣。故选A。
13.篇章结构题。第一段引出主题“Holly喜欢自己的学校生活”;第二、三段具体介绍自己的学校生活;第四段进行总结。文章是总分总结构。故选B。
14.最佳标题题。根据“I like my school life.”及“In a word (总而言之), I love my school life.”并结合全文可知,本文主要介绍了Holly的学校生活。故选C。
易混易错(测试时间:10分钟)
一、完形填空
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A friend’s daughter, Lucy, is eleven. She lives in the countryside (乡下) with 1 grandparents. My friend and his wife (妻子) 2 in Beijing. Lucy doesn’t have 3 sisters or brothers.
Every morning, Lucy’s 4 , Mr. Lin, takes breakfast to her room. He 5 Lucy likes Beijing food very much. Lucy loves her grandfather and wants to do something to 6 him.
One morning, Mr. Lin takes breakfast to Lucy’s room, 7 he can’t find his granddaughter. “Lucy, 8 are you?” “I’m here, in the kitchen.” Lucy says and takes a hamburger (汉堡) with some vegetables 9 her grandpa. “Dear Grandpa, thanks for your breakfast. And this hamburger is made for you. It’s good for your health.” What a 10 girl!
1.A.you B.it C.her D.his
2.A.am B.be C.is D.are
3.A.a B.an C.some D.any
4.A.mother B.father C.grandfather D.grandmother
5.A.knows B.has C.lives D.wants
6.A.play B.thank C.learn D.take
7.A.and B.but C.or D.so
8.A.what B.how C.where D.when
9.A.from B.to C.in D.at
10.A.nice B.bad C.slim D.tall
【答案】
1.C 2.D 3.D 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.A
【导语】本文讲述了11岁女孩露西的生活状况与暖心举动。
1.句意:她和她的祖父母住在农村。
you你;it它;her她的;his他的。主语是She,应用形容词性物主代词her,表示“她的祖父母”。故选C。
2.句意:我的朋友和他的妻子在北京。
am是,主语是I;be是,be动词原形;is是,主语是单数;are是,主语是复数。分析句子可知,主语是“My friend and his wife”,所以be动词用are。故选D。
3.句意:露西没有兄弟姐妹。
a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前,后接单数名词;an用于以元音音素开头的单词前,后接单数名词;some一些,用于肯定句;any一些,用于否定句、疑问句。根据“Lucy doesn’t have... sisters or brothers.”可知,此处是否定句,且“sisters or brothers”是复数名词,所以填any。故选D。
4.句意:每天早上,露西的爷爷林先生把早餐送到她的房间。
mother妈妈;father爸爸;grandfather爷爷;grandmother奶奶。根据上文可知,露西是和祖父母住在一起的,所以Mr. Lin是她的爷爷。故选C。
5.句意:他知道露西非常喜欢北京菜。
knows知道;has有;lives居住;wants想要。分析句子可知,“Lucy likes Beijing food very much.”是宾语从句,此处应填knows,表示露西的爷爷知道露西非常喜欢北京菜。故选A。
6.句意:露西爱她的爷爷,想做点什么来感谢他。
play玩;thank感谢;learn学习;take拿走。根据“Dear Grandpa, thanks for your breakfast.”可知,露西想要感谢爷爷。故选B。
7.句意:一天早上,林先生把早餐送到露西的房间,但他找不到他的孙女。
and和;but但是;or或者;so如果。“Mr. Lin takes breakfast to Lucy’s room,”和“he can’t find his granddaughter.”之间表示转折关系,应用连词but。故选B。
8.句意:露西,你在哪里?
what什么;how如何;where在哪里;when什么时候。根据“he can’t find his granddaughter.”可知,爷爷找不到露西,所以问露西在哪里。故选C。
9.句意:露西说着,并拿了一个带有一些蔬菜的汉堡给她的爷爷。
from从;to到;in在……里面;at在。take sth to sb“把某物拿给某人”,是固定用法。故选B。
10.句意:多好的女孩啊!
nice好的,友好的;bad坏的;slim苗条的;tall高的。根据文章内容可知,露西主动为爷爷做汉堡来感谢爷爷,这体现她善良、懂事的品质,形容词“nice”符合语境。故选A。
二、短文填空
阅读下面短文,根据语境或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Good morning! How 11 (be) you? My name is Wang Ming. I’m 12 Beijing, but I’m in Shanghai now. I’m twelve 13 (year) old.
I love 14 (play) football. I hope (希望) I can 15 (be) your friend. We can play football together. I have a friend. His name is Peter. We are in 16 same class. Peter is tall 17 strong. He is a kind boy. He 18 (like) reading and hiking.
I like 19 (we) new teacher Mr. Gao. He is very 20 (friend). I’m happy to meet you here at the new school!
【答案】
11.are 12.from 13.years 14.playing 15.be 16.the 17.and 18.likes 19.our 20.friendly
【导语】本文主要讲述了一个名叫王明的男孩从北京来到上海的新学校,介绍自己的年龄、爱好、朋友和新老师,并希望结交新朋友。
11.句意:你好吗?根据语境可知,该句时态为一般现在时,且该句主语是you,所以be动词要用are。故填are。
12.句意:我来自北京,但现在我在上海。根据“I’m…Beijing”可知,此处应该填入from,be from“来自”,指的是“我”来自北京。故填from。
13.句意:我十二岁了。根据空格前“twelve”,结合所给词可知,year“年”,可数名词,此处应该填入其复数形式years,指的是“我”十二岁了。故填years。
14.句意:我喜欢踢足球。根据空格前“love”,结合所给词可知,此处考查:love doing sth“喜欢做某事”,固定搭配,play“踢”,动词原形,此处应该填入其动名词形式playing,作宾语。故填playing。
15.句意:我希望我能成为你的朋友。根据空格前“can”是情态动词,后跟动词原形,结合所给词可知,此处应该填入be,动词原形,意为“成为”,表达我希望我能成为你的朋友。故填be。
16.句意:我们在同一个班。根据分析句子“We are in…same class.”可知,此处考查:the same,固定搭配,意为“相同的”,修饰名词class,指的是“我”们在同一个班。故填the。
17.句意:彼得又高又壮。根据“Peter is tall…strong.”可知,此处应该填入and,并列连词,表并列关系,连接两个形容词,作表语。故填and。
18.句意:他喜欢阅读和徒步旅行。根据语境可知,时态为一般现在时;又根据分析句子可知,该句主语是He,结合所给词,like“喜欢”,动词原形,此处应该填入其第三人称单数形式likes,在句中作谓语。故填likes。
19.句意:我喜欢我们的新老师高先生。根据空格后“new teacher”,结合所给词可知,we“我们”,主格人称代词,此处应该填入其形容词性物主代词our,作定语,修饰名词teacher,意为“我们的”。故填our。
20.句意:他非常友好。根据空格前“is”,结合所给词可知,friend“朋友”,名词,此处应该填入其形容词friendly,作表语,意为“友好的”,指的是他非常友好。故填friendly。
链接中考(测试时间:15分钟)
一、单项选择
1.(2025·江苏扬州·中考真题)During Guyu, the temperature usually ________ a lot and rain increases.
A.rises B.rose C.is rising D.has risen
【答案】A
【详解】句意:谷雨期间,气温通常会大幅回升,降雨量也会增加。考查时态。根据“During Guyu, the temperature usually...a lot and rain increases.”可知,句子叙述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,主语“the temperature”是第三人称单数,谓语动词用三单形式。故选A。
2.(2025·北京·中考真题)Charlie ________ his grandparents every weekend. He loves them very much.
A.visits B.was visiting C.will visit D.has visited
【答案】A
【详解】句意:查理每个周末都会去看望他的祖父母。他非常爱他们。
考查动词时态。根据“every weekend”可知,此处描述经常性的动作,应为一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词用其单三形式。故选A。
二、用所给单词适当形式填空
1.(2025·甘肃兰州·中考真题)Lanzhou (receive) a large number of visitors every year.
【答案】receives
【详解】句意:兰州每年都接待大量的游客。根据“every year”可知,时态为一般现在时。主语“Lanzhou”是第三人称单数,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。receive“接待;收到”,第三人称单数形式是“receives”。故填receives。
2.(2025·四川达州·中考真题)He always (spend) time with his family on weekends.
【答案】spends
【详解】句意:他总是在周末花时间陪伴家人。spend“花费”。根据“He always”可知,句子时态为一般现在时,且主语为三单,故谓语动词应用三单形式。故填spends。
3.(2025·江苏无锡·中考真题)Here is the information we got from him. The city (have) a short history.
【答案】has
【详解】句意:我们从他那里得到的信息是,这座城市有一段短暂的历史。根据“a short history”可知,此处表示“有”一段短暂的历史,have表示“有”,结合句子是一般现在时态及句子主语“The city”是第三人称单数可知,谓语动词也要用第三人称单数形式。故填has。
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专题01 一个时态(期中复习讲义)
单元
语法点
常考题型
命题趋势
Unit 1
一般现在时
单项选择
语法选择
语法填空
词汇运用
补全对话等
1.注重素养:更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。
2.情境化突出:借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境,将语法考察与实际生活相结合。
3.文化传承与价值导向明显:注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。
知识点01 一般现在时
一、一般现在时的定义
一般现在时用于表示:
1、经常性或习惯性的动作(如日常生活、学习安排等)
2、客观事实或普遍真理(如科学规律、自然现象等)
3、现在的状态(如职业、性格、能力等)
例句:
I go to school every day.(习惯性动作)
The sun rises in the east.(客观真理)
She is a teacher.(现在的状态)
二、基本结构
主语类型
谓语动词形式
例句
I / You / We / They / 复数名词
动词原形
They play football.
He / She / It / 单数名词
动词 + -s/-es(三单变化)
He watches TV every night.
所有主语
be动词(am/is/are)
She is happy.
be动词的一般现在时
主 语
Be动词形式
例 句
第一人称单数
am
I am a student.
第二人称单数you
are
You are my friend
第三人称单数he/she/it以及单数可数名词、不可数名词
is
He is a boy.
The book is interesting.
The water is cold.
第一人称复数we
are
We are in the same class.
第二人称复数you
are
You are good students.
第三人称复数they以及复数可数名词
are
They are teachers. The apples are red.
(一)含be动词一般现在时的句型结构
1、肯定句
①第一人称单数(I):I + am + 其他成分。
例如:I am a student.(我是一名学生。)
②第二人称单复数(you)、第一人称复数(we)、第三人称复数(they)以及复数可数名词:You/We/They + are + 其他成分。
例如:We are in the same class.(我们在同一个班级。)
③第三人称单数(he/she/it)以及单数可数名词、不可数名词:He/She/It + is + 其他成分。
例如:He is a doctor.(他是一名医生。)
2、否定句:
①第一人称单数(I):I + am + not + 其他成分。
例如:I am not a teacher.(我不是一名教师。)(am和not一般不缩写)
②第二人称单复数(you)、第一人称复数(we)、第三人称复数(they)以及复数可数名词:You/We/They + are + not + 其他成分,可缩写为You/We/They + aren't + 其他成分。
例如:You aren't late.(你没迟到。)
③第三人称单数(he/she/it)以及单数可数名词、不可数名词:He/She/It + is + not + 其他成分,可缩写为He/She/It + isn't + 其他成分。
例如:
He isn't at home.(他不在家。)
3、一般疑问句
①- 将be动词提前到主语之前:Am + I + 其他成分?
例如:Am I right?(我是正确的吗?)
Are + you/we/they + 其他成分?
例如:
Are you ready?(你准备好了吗?)
Are we on time?(我们准时吗?)
Are they here?(他们在这儿吗?)
- Is + he/she/it + 其他成分?
例如:
Is he your brother?(他是你的兄弟吗?)
Is the book interesting?(这本书有趣吗?)
回答:肯定回答用Yes, 主语 + be动词;否定回答用No, 主语 + be动词 + not。
例如:Are you a student? -Yes, I am. / No, I'm not.
4、特殊疑问句
①-特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句(be动词提前)
②询问身份:What + be + 主语?
例如:What are you?(你是做什么的?)
③询问状态:How + be + 主语?
例如:How is she today?(她今天过得怎么样?)
④询问位置:Where + be + 主语?
例如:Where is my pen?(我的钢笔在哪儿?)
(2) 含实义动词一般现在时的句型结构
肯定式
否定式
I like oranges.
You like oranges.
He/She likes oranges.
We/You /They like oranges.
I do not like oranges.
You do not like oranges.
He / She does not like oranges.
We/ You /They do not like oranges.
疑问式和简略回答
Do I like oranges?
Yes, you do.
No, you do not.
Do you like oranges?
Yes, I do.
No, I do not.
Does he / she like oranges?
Yes, he / she does.
No, he / she does not.
Do we like oranges?
Yes, we / you do.
No, we / you do not.
Do you like oranges?
Yes, we do.
No, we do not.
Do they like oranges?
Yes, they do.
No, they do not.
注:在口语中do not 经常缩略为 don't. does not 经常缩略为 doesn’t
动词三单变化规则:
情况
构成方法
例词
一般情况
直接加-s
read→reads love→loves
以s,o,x,ch,sh结尾
加-es
pass→passes box→boxes
teach→teaches wash→washes
以辅音字母 + y结尾
将y变为i,再加-es
carry→carries study→studies
不规则变化
have→has be→am/is/are
三、时间状语(标志词)
一般现在时常与以下时间状语连用:
频度副词:always(总是)、usually(通常)、often(经常)、sometimes(有时)、seldom(很少)、never(从不)
时间短语:every day/week(每天/周)、on Sundays(在周日)、in the morning(在早上)
例句:
She always gets up early.
They often play basketball after school.
四、句型转换
句型
结构
例句
肯定句
主语 + 动词原形/三单形式
He reads books.
否定句
主语 + don't/doesn't + 动词原形
She doesn't like coffee.
一般疑问句
Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形?
Do you speak English?
特殊疑问句
疑问词 + do/does + 主语 + 动词原形?
What does she eat for breakfast?
注意:
否定句/疑问句中,doesn't/don't 后的动词恢复原形(如:He doesn't play games.)
be动词的疑问句直接提前(如:Is she a teacher?)
易|错|点|拨
1、三单动词忘记加 -s
❌ She go to school. → ✅ She goes to school.
2、否定句/疑问句中动词未还原
❌ Does she likes music? → ✅ Does she like music?
3、be动词与实义动词混用
❌ She is likes apples. → ✅ She likes apples.
4、时间状语位置错误
❌ She goes to school every day on foot. → ✅ She goes to school on foot every day.
解|题|技|巧
第一步:
找时间标志词,如果没有,就根据动词或语境来分析判断。这是关键,也是前提。
第二步:
回忆相应时态的结构,经常复习,记得精准。这是核心。
第三步:
细节完善,全局检查。比如第三人称单数。
【即时检测】
1.Mike ________ fast. Look! He ________ faster than Tom.
A.runs; run B.run; run
C.runs; is running D.run; running
2.John often ________ to school by bike.
A.goes B.went C.going D.go
3.I _______ TV every evening.
A.watch B.watches C.watching D.to watch
4.My brother _______ to school every day.
A.go B.goes C.going D.to go
5.I like playing basketball best, so PE always ________ me excited.
A.makes B.make C.making D.to make
6.He likes going ________. So he often ________ in summer.
A.swimming; swims B.swim; swims C.swimming; swim
7.He often ________ to school. But he ________ a bike this morning because it was rainy.
A.walk; rode B.walks; rode C.walked; rides
8.Sam ________ running.
A.likes B.liking C.liked D.like
9.—________ the boy with glasses do well in music?
—Of course, he ________ good at playing the piano.
A.Is; is B.Are; does C.Does; is D.Do; does
10.—________ everyone ________ from Nanjing?
—No. Mr. Wang ________ from Beijing.
A.Do; come; does B.Does; comes; is C.Does; come; is D.Do; come; is
基础通关(测试时间:10分钟)
一、单项选择
1.Simon likes playing ________ football. He ________ it with his friends at school.
A.the; play B./; plays C./; play D.the; plays
2.Our school day ________ at 7:10 every morning.
A.starts B.is starting C.start D.is starts
3.Before, I ________ short hair. Now, my hair ________ long.
A.have; is B.had; was C.had; is D.had; has
4.He didn’t ________ doing kung fu last year. But now he ________ it.
A.liked; like B.liked; likes C.like; likes D.like; like
5.Kate likes cooking a lot. She often ________ delicious food with her parents.
A.cook B.cooks C.is cooking D.cooked
6.—What do you usually do at weekends?
—I usually ________ basketball with my friends in the park.
A.play B.plays C.are playing D.played
7.Sandy ________ long hair, but Millie’s hair ________ short.
A.have; is B.have; are C.has; is D.has; are
8.Jenny often ________ to school early, but this morning she ________ to school late.
A.go; went B.went; goes C.goes; went D.goes; goes
9.—Let’s ________ computer games.
—That ________ boring. I don’t like them.
A.play; sound B.play; sounds C.plays; sound D.plays; sounds
10.Pauline ________ in Singapore with her big family.
A.live B.lives C.is live D.living
二、用所给单词适当形式填空
11.My family (enjoy) going on vacation together every summer.
12.As a saying (go), “He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man. ”
13.Daniel often (fix) the computer in his free time.
14.My parents (has) a boat and we often go boating.
15.This is a jacket and it (be) blue.
16.Jane is a university student from Ireland, and she hard. (study)
17.Helen (not go) to the zoo on Sundays.
18.—Our new library very beautiful. (look) —I think so.
19.My father to the radio every day. (listen)
20.—How does your English teacher go to school?
—She usually to school. (drive)
三、补全对话
阅读下面对话,从7个选项中选择5个恰当的句子完成此对话。
A: My name is Samuel. 21
B: I’m Frank.
A: 22
B: I’m from the US. What about you?
A: I’m from Singapore. 23
B: I’m a farmer.
A: That’s a nice job. 24
B: Oh, I keep pigs, horses, cows, sheep and so on.
A: Your farm is very big, isn’t it?
B: Yes. 25
A.What’s your job?
B.It’s big and beautiful.
C.How old are you?
D.What’s your name?
E.Where are you from?
F.My grandpa is a farmer too.
G.What animals do you keep on your farm?
重难突破(测试时间:10分钟)
一、语法选择
Hello! I am Dudu. I 1 13 years old. I’m from Chengdu. But now I live 2 Yongchuan. I live with my father, my mother 3 my sister. We love 4 . We have 5 pet bird. It’s a parrot. I often play it with 6 sister after school! We love sports too. There are many balls in our room. My family members often 7 basketball. Look! This is my basketball. And that is my 8 tennis. She 9 tennis very much. At weekends we often listen to music. I like music a lot and I can 10 in the school band every Monday.
We are very happy every day.
1.A.am B.is C.are
2.A.in B.to C.on
3.A.so B.or C.and
4.A.animals B.animal’s C.animal
5.A.a B.an C.the
6.A.I B.me C.my
7.A.play B.plays C.playing
8.A.sister B.sister’s C.sisters’
9.A.like B.likes C.to like
10.A.sing B.singing C.to sing
二、阅读理解
My name is Holly. I’m 14 years old, and I am a middle school student. I like my school life.
I get up at six o’clock in the morning. Then I go running in the playground. At half past six, I have breakfast at school. You can see many students and teachers in the dining hall. After breakfast, I go to my classroom and read English.
We have six classes every day. The first class starts at eight o’clock. I like all my subjects. I think they are interesting. My favorite subject is English, so I often go to the English corner (英语角) on Thursday evening. I can practice (练习) my English there. After class, I always play with my friends. We play basketball, football and table tennis.
I like all my lessons, my friends and my teachers. In a word (总而言之), I love my school life.
11.How many classes does Holly have every day?
A.Five. B.Six. C.Seven. D.Eight.
12.What does Holly think of her subjects?
A.Interesting. B.Boring. C.Easy. D.Difficult.
13.What is the structure (结构) of the passage?
A. B. C. D.
14.What’s the best title (标题) for the passage?
A.Holly’s Friends B.Holly’s Lessons C.Holly’s School Life D.Holly’s Family
易混易错(测试时间:10分钟)
一、完形填空
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A friend’s daughter, Lucy, is eleven. She lives in the countryside (乡下) with 1 grandparents. My friend and his wife (妻子) 2 in Beijing. Lucy doesn’t have 3 sisters or brothers.
Every morning, Lucy’s 4 , Mr. Lin, takes breakfast to her room. He 5 Lucy likes Beijing food very much. Lucy loves her grandfather and wants to do something to 6 him.
One morning, Mr. Lin takes breakfast to Lucy’s room, 7 he can’t find his granddaughter. “Lucy, 8 are you?” “I’m here, in the kitchen.” Lucy says and takes a hamburger (汉堡) with some vegetables 9 her grandpa. “Dear Grandpa, thanks for your breakfast. And this hamburger is made for you. It’s good for your health.” What a 10 girl!
1.A.you B.it C.her D.his
2.A.am B.be C.is D.are
3.A.a B.an C.some D.any
4.A.mother B.father C.grandfather D.grandmother
5.A.knows B.has C.lives D.wants
6.A.play B.thank C.learn D.take
7.A.and B.but C.or D.so
8.A.what B.how C.where D.when
9.A.from B.to C.in D.at
10.A.nice B.bad C.slim D.tall
二、短文填空
阅读下面短文,根据语境或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Good morning! How 11 (be) you? My name is Wang Ming. I’m 12 Beijing, but I’m in Shanghai now. I’m twelve 13 (year) old.
I love 14 (play) football. I hope (希望) I can 15 (be) your friend. We can play football together. I have a friend. His name is Peter. We are in 16 same class. Peter is tall 17 strong. He is a kind boy. He 18 (like) reading and hiking.
I like 19 (we) new teacher Mr. Gao. He is very 20 (friend). I’m happy to meet you here at the new school!
链接中考(测试时间:15分钟)
一、单项选择
1.(2025·江苏扬州·中考真题)During Guyu, the temperature usually ________ a lot and rain increases.
A.rises B.rose C.is rising D.has risen
2.(2025·北京·中考真题)Charlie ________ his grandparents every weekend. He loves them very much.
A.visits B.was visiting C.will visit D.has visited
二、用所给单词适当形式填空
1.(2025·甘肃兰州·中考真题)Lanzhou (receive) a large number of visitors every year.
2.(2025·四川达州·中考真题)He always (spend) time with his family on weekends.
3.(2025·江苏无锡·中考真题)Here is the information we got from him. The city (have) a short history.
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