内容正文:
专题02 名词和代词(期中复习讲义)
单元
语法点
常考题型
命题趋势
Unit 2
名词和代词
单项选择
语法选择
语法填空
词汇运用
补全对话等
1.注重素养:更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。
2.情境化突出:借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境,将语法考察与实际生活相结合。
3.文化传承与价值导向明显:注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。
知识点01 名词
一、名词的分类
分类
说明
例句
普通名词
可数名词
个体名词
表示人或事物的个体名称
city城市,panda熊猫,chair椅子,hospital医院,nurse护士
集体名词
表示一群人或一些事物的总称
public公众,people人们,class班级,family家庭,police警察
不可数名词
物质名词
表示无法分为个体的物质或材料的名称
rice大米,snow雪,steel钢铁,cotton棉花,corn玉米,air空气
抽象名词
表示行为、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念的名词
courage勇气,determination决心,satisfaction满意,happiness幸福,success成功,love热爱
专有名词
表示人名、地名、国名
London伦敦,Tom汤姆,the Great Wall长城,Asia亚洲
表示书名、电影名、各种标语
Nezha 《哪吒》
表示机构、组织、团体
UNESCO联合国教科文组织
Beijing University北京大学
表示月份、星期、节日
Monday星期一,National day国庆节
二、名词的数
1. 名词复数形式的规则变化
情况
构成方法
单数变复数例词
一般情况
加 -s
map→maps;mouth→mouths;house→houses
以s,sh,ch, x等结尾的词
加 -es
watch→watches;glass→glasses;match→matches
以辅音字母+y结尾的词
变y为i再加es
baby→babies;country→countries
以“元音字母+y”结尾
词尾加-s
key→keys;boy→boys; holiday-holiday
以-f或-fe结尾
多数变f或fe
为v后加-es
leaf→leaves;life→lives;shelf→shelves knife→knives;
thief→thieves;wife→wives;knife→knives;wolf→wolves
少数词尾加-s
chief→chiefs;roof→roofs;belief→beliefs
以字母-o结尾
词尾加-es
Negro→Negroes;hero→heroes;
potato→potatoes;tomato→tomatoes
词尾加-s
photo→photos;kilo→kilos;piano→pianos;zoo→zoos
注意:
1. 注意以下名词的复数形式是在词尾加-s。
American → Americans 美国人 Australian → Australians 澳大利亚人
Canadian → Canadians 加拿大人 German → Germans 德国人
Greek → Greeks 希腊人 Indian → Indians 印度人 Russian → Russians俄罗斯人
2. 有些名词表面为复数形式,实为单数。
math数学,news新闻,physics物理,politics政治,the United Nations 联合国,the United States美国
易|错|点|拨
1. 以o结尾的名词,需加-es的名词有:negro(黑人),hero(英雄),tomato(西红柿),potato(土豆)。可结合顺口溜来记忆这些单词,即"黑人英雄 西红柿和土豆"。
2. 以f或fe结尾的名词,须把f或fe变为v,再加-es的名词有:calf(小牛,牛犊),half(一半),knife(小刀),leaf(叶子),life(生活,生命),loaf(长面包),self(自己),shelf(架子),thief(小偷),wife(妻子),wolf(狼)。可结合顺口溜来记忆,即"妻已架刀命牛郎(狼),半夜(叶)偷包要提防"(单词顺序为wife,self,shelf,knife,life,calf,wolf,half,leaf,thief,loaf)
3. 以ch结尾的名词:ch发音为/k/的名词,其复数形式直接在词尾加-s,如:stomach→stomachs胃
2. 名词复数的不规则变化
变化
示例
单复数同形
deer;fish;sheep;means;series;aircraft;spacecraft;species
Chinese;the United States;Swiss;physics;politics;maths
变内部元音
goose→geeset;tooth→teeth;foot→feet;man→men;woman→women;mouse→mice
-on变-a
phenomenon→phenomena现象;criterion→criteria标准;
词尾加-(r)en
child→children孩子;ox→oxen公牛
词尾-un变成-a
datum→data数据;medium→media媒体
3.不可数名词
一般情况下,专有名词、物质名称、抽象名词为不可数名词。不可数名词一般没有复数形式,但有些名词在不同的语境下有不同的含义,从而也表现出可数与不可数性。
1. 常见的不可数名词
不能用具体的数字来表示。
cotton棉花,food食物,hair头发,health健康,ice冰,wind风
2. 可转化为可数名词的物资名称
(1)有些物质名词在表达个体概念时,是可数名词。
rain雨→a rain一场雨,wind风→a wind一阵风,beer啤酒→a beer一杯啤酒,paper纸→a paper一份论文
(2)有些物质名词的复数形式表示特殊含义。
Water水→waters海域,wood木头→woods森林,custom习惯→customs海关
3. 可转化为可数名词的抽象名词
抽象名词表示具体的人或事物时,被视为可数名词,可与不定冠词连用,也可有复数形式,表示"某种人或事"。
disappointment失望→a disappointment令人失望的事,experience经验→an experience 一次经历,
success成功→a success成功的人或事
4. 可转化为可数名词的专有名词
有的专有名词也可以用作可数名词,可以由不定冠词修饰,也可有复数形式。
►A Mr Black is waiting for you. 一个叫布莱克的先生在等你。
三、名词所有格
名词所有格表示名词之间的所属关系,即某物或某人是“谁的”。
1.-’s所有格
适用
规则
例词
一般用于表示有生命的名词所有格
①以s结尾加’
the teachers’ office 教师办公室
②不以s结尾加’s
my dad’s pen 我爸爸的钢笔
③不规则复数名词加’s
Children’s Day 儿童节 Women’s Day 妇女节
用and连接两个并列的单数名词
①表示共同拥有,在最后一个名词后加’s
Tony and Jim’s dad 托尼和吉姆的爸爸
②表示各自拥有,在两个名词后都加’s
Tony’s and Jim’s desks 托尼的书桌和吉姆的书桌
有些表示时间、距离、重量、国家、城镇、团体、机构等无生命的名词后,也可加“’s”构成所有格
①单数加’s
China’s development 中国的发展
a pound’s weight 一磅的重量
②复数或以s结尾加’
two hours’ walk 步行两小时的路程
The cinema is 15 minutes’ drive from my home. 从我家到电影院开车要15分钟。
注意:不定代词与else连用时,表示所有格的’s应加在else之后。如:someone else’s book 某人的书
2.of所有格
(1)一般来说,表示无生命事物的名词的所有关系。如:
The windows of the house face the sea. 这栋房子的窗户朝着大海。
(2)有时也表示人和其他有生命事物的名词的所有关系。如:
When in trouble, I will take the advice of my parents. 遇到麻烦时,我通常采纳我父母的建议。
(3)地名、交通工具名以及与人的活动有关的表示无生命事物的名词可用of短语所有格,也可用-’s所有格。如:the future of China/China’s future 中国的未来
3.双重所有格
of+名词’s:a friend of my mom’s 我母亲的一个朋友
of+名词性物主代词: a book of hers 她的一本书
解|题|技|巧
1:填原形
填原形的情况下所填词按其性质可能为可数名词单数或不可数名词。若符合语境的词本身为不可数名词,则不考虑变形直接填原形即可。
2:变复数
1. one of( +the+形容词最高级)/quite a few/a pair of/a couple of/a ( great/large ) number of/different kinds of/all kinds of/ many of/ some of+可数名词复数;
2. both/ either/ neither/ all/none of+可数名词复数;
3. 可数名词复数(主语) +be动词复数形式/动词原形;
4. 结合上下文语境或句中对应的提示词,如:they, them, their;
5. 通常用复数或只有复数形式的名词:chopsticks筷子,clothes 衣服,glasses 眼镜、scissors剪刀,socks 袜子,trousers裤子;
6. 大于1的基数词+men/women+可数名词复数,如:two women teachers;
7. 个别集合名词形式为单数,但意义可表达复数概念,如:people,police, family等。
3:变所有格
1. 与空格后名词是一-种所属关系。如:a boy's voice, Jimmy's grandmother;
2. 表示时间距离国家等无生命的词,且空格后是名词。如:Chin's development:
3. 固定搭配或专有名词中,如:with the boy's help, Children's Day.
【即时检测】
1.Peter ________ with many people on his journey last year.
A.make a friend B.made a friend C.make friends D.made friends
【答案】D
【详解】句意:彼得去年在旅途中和很多人成了朋友。
考查动词时态和固定短语。make a friend交朋友,单数形式;made a friend交朋友,单数形式,一般过去时;make friends交朋友,复数形式;made friends交朋友,复数形式,一般过去时。根据时间状语“last year”可知,应使用一般过去时;根据“with many people”可知。是与多个人建立友谊,需要用复数形式friends。故选D。
2.Two ________ and three ________ are studying Chinese at Beijing University.
A.English; Germen B.Englishmen; Germans C.English; Germans D.Englishmen; Germen
【答案】B
【详解】句意:两个英国人和三个德国人正在北京大学学习中文。
考查名词数的表达。English英国人,集合名词,强调英国人这一群体;Germen错误表达;Englishmen英国人,复数;Germans德国人,复数。根据“Two...and three...”可知,设空处应使用“英国人”和“德国人”的复数形式进行表达,所以第一空填Englishmen,第二空填Germans。故选B。
3.There are only a few ________ and two ________ in the fridge.
A.cartons of juice, baskets of oranges B.cartons of juices, baskets of oranges
C.cartons of juice, baskets of orange D.cartons of juices, baskets of orange
【答案】A
【详解】句意:冰箱里只有几盒果汁和两篮橙子。
考查量词和名词的单复数。juice是不可数名词,没有复数形式,“几盒果汁”表达为“a few cartons of juice”;orange作“橙子”讲时是可数名词,“两篮橙子”表达为“two baskets of oranges”。故选A。
4.________ mothers can’t go to the parents’ meeting because they are too busy.
A.Jack’s and Paul B.Jack’s and Paul’s C.Jack and Paul’s
【答案】B
【详解】句意:杰克和保罗的妈妈们不能去参加家长会,因为她们太忙了。
考查名词所有格。Jack’s and Paul表达有误;Jack’s and Paul’s杰克和保罗各自的;Jack and Paul’s杰克和保罗两人共同的。根据“mothers”及“they”可知,句中表示各自的妈妈。故选B。
5.Our car had to stop because there was a ________ “Danger Ahead”.
A.word B.sign C.message D.program
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们的汽车不得不停下来,因为有一个“前方危险”的标志。
考查名词辨析。word单词;sign标志;message消息;program节目。根据“Our car had to stop because there was a…‘Danger Ahead’.”可知,此处指“一个‘前方危险’的标志”,应用sign。故选B。
6.—Sir, did you enjoy your stay in our ________?
—Yes, I slept very well and I enjoyed the breakfast.
A.mall B.hotel C.factory D.company
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——先生,您在我们的酒店住得愉快吗?——是的,我睡得很好,而且很喜欢早餐。
考查名词词义辨析。mall购物中心;hotel酒店;factory工厂;company公司。 根据回答“Yes, I slept very well and I enjoyed the breakfast.”可知,能提供住宿和早餐的地方通常是酒店,所以此处问的是在酒店住得是否愉快。故选B。
7.This is Mr. Green. My father is his brother. He’s my ________.
A.uncle B.grandmother C.grandfather D.aunt
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这是格林先生。我父亲是他的兄弟。他是我的叔叔。
考查名词辨析。uncle叔叔;grandmother祖母;grandfather祖父;aunt阿姨。根据“My father is his brother”可知格林先生是说话者父亲的兄弟,因此是说话者的叔叔。故选A。
8.—It’s Mr. Zhang’s new film. I think it’s more meaningful than his other films.
—I agree with you. His latest film has come to his highest ________.
A.spirit B.standard C.treasure D.development
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——这是张先生的新电影,我认为这部电影比他其他的电影更有意义。——我同意。他最新的电影达到了他的最高水准。
考查名词辨析。spirit精神;standard水准;treasure财富;development发展;根据“I think it’s more meaningful than his other films.”和句意可知,这部电影比他其他的电影都好,达到了他的最高水准。故选B。
9.Marie Curie is my favourite ________. Her research (研究) changes our lives, and she was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize.
A.writer B.scientist C.actor D.reader
【答案】B
【详解】句意:玛丽·居里是我最喜欢的科学家。她的研究改变了我们的生活,她是第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女性。考查名词辨析。writer作家;scientist科学家;actor演员;reader读者。根据“Her research (研究) changes our lives, and she was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize.”以及常识可知,玛丽·居里是一位科学家。故选B。
10.The wallpaper with cartoon________ is ideal for my son’s room.
A.plans B.kinds C.rules D.patterns
【答案】D
【详解】句意:带有卡通图案的墙纸非常适合我儿子的房间。考查名词辨析。plans计划;kinds种类;rules规则;patterns图案。根据“The wallpaper with cartoon...”可知,指的是带有卡通图案的墙纸。故选D。
知识点02 代词
代词是用来替代名词的词,也用来代替起名词作用的短语和句子。
种类(七年级上册)
常见用法
人称代词
主格:I, we, you, he, she, they, it
宾格:me, us, you, him, her, them, it
物主代词
形容性物主代词:my, our, your, his, her, their, its
名词性物主代词:mine, ours, yours, his, hers, theirs, its
疑问代词
疑问代词包括who、whose、whom、what、which。
指示代词
指上文提到的是,单数this/that; 复数these/those;
一、人称代词、物主代词
人称代词: 用来代替人或物,有人称、数和格的变化,通常在句子中作主语或宾语。
物主代词:在句子中作定语修饰名词的为形容词性物主代词;在句子中相当于“形容词性物主代词+n.”的为名词性物主代词反身代词在句中可用作宾语、表语、同位语等。
代词的形式变化表
人称
数
主格
宾格
形容词性物主代词
名词性
物主代词
第一人称
单数
I
me
my
mine
复数
we
us
our
ours
第二人称
单数
you
you
your
yours
复数
you
you
your
yours
第三人称
单数
he
him
his
his
she
her
her
hers
it
it
its
its
复数
they
them
their
theirs
【名师提醒】
人称代词主宾格,作用不同莫误用。主格动词前作主,动词介词后宾格。
you和it主宾同,其他主宾务分清。人称代词并列现,尊重他人礼让先。
单数人称二三一,复数人称一二三。若把错误来承担,第一人称我靠前。
人称代词的用法:
(1)通常主格作主语(在句首,动词前)。
► He likes swimming. 他喜欢游泳。
(2)宾格作宾语(在动词或介词后)或作表语(在be动词后)。
► Can you understand me? 你能理解我吗?(作宾语)
► —Who is knocking at the door? 谁在敲门?
—It’s me. 是我。(作表语)
(3)人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时,用主格和宾格都可以。
► Sam is much taller than I/me. 山姆比我高得多。
(4)单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格,即使它代表主语时也是如此。
► —I like travelling. 我喜欢旅游。
—Me too. 我也喜欢。
(5)人称代词并列时的排列顺序。
①人称代词单数并列作主语时,其顺序为:第二人称→第三人称→第一人称,即you, he/she/it and I(若是承担错误责任,第一人称应当先)。
► It was I and John that made her angry. 是我和约翰使她生气了。
②复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为:第一人称→第二人称→第三人称,即we, you and they。
物主代词的用法:
(1)形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,只能放在名词前作定语,后面一定要跟一个名词。
my book,your name,their hobbies
①放在被拥有的物体名词前,指明事物的归属者。
►My book is on the desk. 我的书在桌子上。
②放在被拥有的事物名词前,表示事物与某人有某种联系。
►He is my younger brother. 他是我的弟弟。
③用于描述说话人对自己所做的事情或某人对某人自己所做的事情。
►She is brushing her teeth. 她正在刷牙。
④放在表示动作的名词之前,指明动作的施行者。
► not long after our arrival 在我们到达后不久
⑤放在表示动作的名词之前,指明动作的承受者。
► Jim and his supporters 吉姆和他的支持者们
⑥用于头衔
► Your Majesty(陛下)
► Would Your Highness like a cup of tea? 阁下想要一杯茶吗?
【注意】
a. 形容词性物主代词的选择应根据事物的所有者的"人称"(第一、二、三人称)和"数"(单、复数)来确定。
b. 形容词性物主代词通常修饰有生命的事物,如 "the door"或"the door of the room"比"its door"更常见。
c. 表示某物属于某人或某物,或者与某人某物有关可以用名词所有格或"of +介词短语"表示。
(2)名词性物主代词相当于名词,后面不能加名词,可单独使用,可在句中充当主语、宾语、表语等。相当于"形容词性物主代词+名词"。
①用于说明某事物与刚提及的事物类别相同,但属于其他人。
Sarah’ s house is much bigger than ours. 萨拉的房子比我们的房子要大很多。
②常用于"of"引出的介词短语,表示所谈及的是群体中的一员。
a friend of mine 我的一个朋友(表示许多朋友中的一个)
2、 指示代词、疑问代词
1.指示代词
(一)含义:
1.指示代词是用来指示或标识人或事物的代词。指示代词与定冠词和人称代词一样,都具有指定的含义。但它们所指的对象取决于说话这和听话者共同熟悉的语境。
(二)形式
1.指离说话人近的人或物时,单数用this(这个);复数用these (这些)
2.指离说话人远的人或物时,单数用that(那个);复数用those(那些)
3.其它指示代词还有:such (这样的); same (同样的); so (这样的) 等。
(三)This, that, these, those用法小结:
1)用于指空间的远近。
Eg: This is a music room. 这是一间音乐室。
That is an English room.那是一间英语室。
2) 用于指时间的远近。
Eg: I learnt English these years. 这些年我在学英语。
I read the book that evening. 那天晚上我读了那本书。
3) 用于指叙述事物的前后。相当于名词或形容词。
Eg: Now, hear this.Please go into the room now.现在,听这里说。请进这间房间。
That ought to give you time to buy everything. 应该给你一些时间去买所有东西。
4) 打电话时,表达第一、二人称分别用指示代词this和that,而不用代词I 和 you.
Eg: This is Lily speaking.Is that Lucy? 我是丽丽,你是露西吗?
2.疑问代词:
用来构成特殊疑问句的代词叫疑问代词。它们一般位于句首。疑问代词包括who、whose、whom、what、which。
代词
用法
例句
Who
表示"谁",可以指代单数和复数名词,在句中作主语、宾语或表语
Who is on duty today? 今天谁值日?
Whom
表示"谁",可以指代单数和复数。whom只能作动词的宾语或介词的宾语,不直接跟在介词后时可用who替换,位于介词后作介词宾语时只能用whom
To whom you were talking just now? 你刚才和谁说话呢?
Whom/Who did you often play with when you were a child? 小时候你经常和谁玩?
Whose
表示"谁的",既可置于名词前作定语,也可单独使用,在句中常作主语、宾语、定语或表语
Whose iPad is this? 这是谁的iPad? (定语)
Whose is this iPad? 这个iPad是谁的? (表语)
Which
表示"哪一个(些)",既可指人也可指物,可指可数名词单、复数,也可指不可数名词,在句中常作主语、宾语或定语
Which animal do you like best? 你最喜欢哪种动物?
Which is cheaper, this printer or that one? 这台打印机和那台打印机,哪台更便宜?
what
表示"什么",可单独使用,也可放在名词前,既可以指代或修饰不可数名词,也可以指代或修饰可数名词的单、复数。在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语
What makes you love your hometown so much? 是什么使你这么热爱你的家乡?
【易错警示】
which和what的用法辨析
用which提问,指在相当数目的人或物中进行选择,限制在一定的范围内;用what提问,不限制范围。
► Which do you like, rice or meat? 你喜欢什么,米饭还是肉?
► What do you like? 你喜欢什么?
【知识拓展】 what的常见用法
1. 用于询问职业:What be+主语?或What do/does/did+主语+ do?
► What does your father do?=What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的?
2. 用于询问天气或品行:What be+主语+like?
► What’ s the weather like? 天气怎么样?
3. 用于询问外貌、长相:What do/does/did+主语+look like?
► What does she look like? 她长什么样?
4. 征求对方的意见:What about ...?
► What about going out for a movie? 出去看电影怎么样?
指示代词:指上文提到的是,单数this/that; 复数these/those;
常见习惯搭配:
that is to say=that is...也就是说
That’ it. 对啦!可不是嘛!
That’ enough! 我受够了!
That will do. 那正好。
易|错|点|拨
1.混淆代词宾格和形容词性物主代词。考查代词作定语修饰名词时,设空处后面的名词容易被考生容易忽略,只关注空格前面的动词或介词误填代词宾格。
2.代词前后指代逻辑意义不一致以及单复数形式混淆是高频易错点。
【即时检测】
1.________ dog is over there. ________ is very cute.
A.My; Its B.My; It C.It; It
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我的狗就在那边。它非常可爱。
考查代词辨析。my我的;its它的;it它。第一处作定语修饰“dog”,用形容词性物主代词,排除C;第二处在句中作主语,用人称代词主格。故选B。
2.________ comes from the UK. ________ name is David. We like ________ very much.
A.He; He; his B.His; He; him C.He; His; his D.He; His; him
【答案】D
【详解】句意:他来自英国,他的名字叫大卫。我们非常喜欢他。
考查代词辨析。he他,主格;his他的,形容词性物主代词;him他,宾格。根据“comes from the UK”可知,空处缺少主语,应用主格;根据空后的“name”可知,此处应填形容词性物主代词,修饰名词;“like”为动词,后接代词宾格。故选D。
3.This is _______ friend. _______ name is Lucy.
A.I; Her B.my; She C.my; Her D.I; She
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这是我的朋友。她的名字是露西。 考查代词辨析。I是主格代词,不能修饰名词;my是形容词性物主代词,可以修饰名词;she是主格代词,不能修饰名词;her是形容词性物主代词,可以修饰名词。第一空需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词friend,第二空需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词name。故选C。
4.This is not _______ bag. _______ is blue.
A.my; My B.mine; My C.my; Mine D.mine; Mine
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这不是我的包。我的包是蓝色的。考查代词辨析。my我的,形容词性物主代词;mine我的,名词性物主代词。第一空后有名词bag,应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词;第二空后没有名词,应用名词性物主代词指代My bag。故选C。
5.—The camera in your hand is nice. Is it ________?
—Yes, but I’ll give it to my friend Lily as ________ birthday present.
A.you; her B.your; hers C.yours; her D.you; hers
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你手里的相机真不错。是你的吗?——是的,但我会把它送给我的朋友莉莉作为她的生日礼物。考查物主代词。you你;your你的;yours你的(东西);her她的;hers她的(东西)。 根据“Is it...”可知,第一空后无名词,用名词性物主代词yours,指代“你的相机”;第二空后有名词“birthday present”,用形容词性物主代词her,修饰名词。故选C。
6.—Hey! Our father’s birthday is coming,
—Let’s buy a T-shirt for ________ this afternoon.
A.him B.her C.you D.he
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——嘿!我们爸爸的生日要到了。——今天下午我们给他买件T恤吧。 考查代词辨析。him他(宾格);her她(宾格);you你(宾格);he他(主格)。 根据“Our father’s birthday”可推知,此处指代“父亲”,需用男性代词宾格。故选A。
7.— Are those tomatoes yours, Jane?
— No, some of ________ are Jim’s and some are Tom’s.
A.he B.it C.they D.them
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——那些西红柿是你的吗,简?——不,其中一些是吉姆的,一些是汤姆的。
考查代词辨析。he他(主格);it它(主/宾格,单数);they他们(主格);them他们(宾格)。“of”是介词,介词后要用人称代词的宾格形式。“they”的宾格是“them”,这里“some of them”指代“some of those tomatoes”,符合语境。故选D。
8.Look at David. ________ hair is longer than ________.
A.He, her B.His, Lucy C.His, Lucy’s D.His, her
【答案】C
【详解】句意:看大卫。他的头发比露西的更长。
考查形容词性物主代词和名词所有格。he他,人称代词主格;his他的,形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词;her她(的)。第一空作定语修饰名词hair,应用形容词性物主代词his;第二空指的是露西的头发,空后无名词,应用名词所有格或名词性物主代词,所以C选项符合。故选C。
9.—What’s that in English?
—________
A.It’s a book. B.It’s book. C.It’s books. D.They’re books.
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——那个用英语怎么说?——它是一本书。
考查特殊疑问句。It’s a book.它是一本书;It’s book.表述错误,book是可数名词单数,前面需要加冠词;It’s books.表述错误,根据“is”可知,此处使用可数名词单数;They’re books.它们是书。根据“What’s that in English?”可知,此处询问单数物品的英文表达,所以使用“It’s a book.”进行回答。故选A。
10.—________ boy is your cousin?
— The one ________ short dark hair.
A.Whose; with B.Which; with
C.Whose; has D.Which; has
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——哪个男孩是你的表兄弟?——那个留着短黑发的男孩。
考查疑问词和介词。whose谁的;which哪一个;with具有,带有,介词;has有,动词,have的第三人称单数现在时态形式。根据“... boy is your cousin?”可知,这里指的是“哪一个”,用which;根据“The one ... short dark hair.”可知,此处是省略句,原句是“The one ... short dark hair is my cousin.”,The one指代The boy作主语,谓语动词是is,此处应用介词with描述伴随的状态或特征,with short dark hair“有短黑发的”作后置定语修饰The one。故选B。
基础通关(测试时间:10分钟)
一、单项选择
1.My English teacher is tall and ________.
A.wear glasses B.wears glasses C.wear glass D.wears glass
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我的英语老师很高并且戴眼镜。考查主谓一致和名词复数。主语“My English teacher”是第三人称单数,谓语需用三单形式“wears”;“glasses”表示“眼镜”,常用复数形式。故选B。
2.Lingling has two ________.
A.egg B.eggs C.milk D.water
【答案】B
【详解】句意:玲玲有两个鸡蛋。考查名词辨析和复数。egg鸡蛋;milk牛奶;water水。two修饰可数名词复数,C和D选项是不可数名词,排除,A是单数名词,也排除。故选B。
3.What’re your ________?
A.parent’ job B.parent’ jobs C.parents’ job D.parents’ jobs
【答案】D
【详解】句意:你父母的工作是什么?
考查名词所有格和复数名词。首先根据“What’re”可知,主语应该用复数名词,即job用复数,排除AC;job是复数,说明指的是父母,而不是父(母)亲,所以D选项符合。故选D。
4.There are two ________ and three ________ in the lost and found box.
A.watch; knife B.watches; knives C.watches; knife
【答案】B
【详解】句意:失物招领箱里有两块手表和三把刀。
考查可数名词的复数形式。根据“two”可知,第一个空填watch的复数形式watches;根据“three”可知,第二个空填knife的复数形式knives。故选B。
5.My mother is going to buy two _________of _________ in the supermarket
A.bag, rice B.bag, rices C.bags, rice D.bags, rices
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我妈妈打算去超市买两袋大米。考查名词的数。bag袋,单数名词;bags袋,复数名词;rice大米,是不可数名词;rices错误表达。rice是不可数名词,所以排除B项和D项;bag是可数名词,two后接可数名词复数形式。故选C。
6.—What are ________?
—They are ________.
A.that; tomato B.these; tomatos C.those; tomatoes D.this; tomatoes
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——那些是什么?——它们是西红柿。考查代词辨析和名词的单复数。that那个;these这些;those那些;this这个。根据“What are”可知,第一空应用these/those,故排除A和D;tomato“西红柿”,其复数为tomatoes。故选C。
7.There is some ________ and three ________ in my bag.
A.bread; tomatoes B.breads; tomatos C.bread; tomatos D.breads; tomatoes
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我的包里有一些面包和三个西红柿。考查不可数名词和可数名词复数。bread面包,不可数名词;tomatoes西红柿,可数名词复数。第一空some修饰不可数名词bread,第二空three修饰可数名词复数形式tomatoes。故选A。
8.—What is ________?
—________ is a bike.
A.this; This B.it; Its C.this; It D.it; That
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——这是什么?——它是一辆自行车。考查代词辨析。this这个,指示代词;it它,人称代词;Its它的,物主代词;That那个,指示代词。询问近处的事物用this;回答时用It来指代上文提到的事物。故选C。
9.Look at the picture. ______ are Tom’s friends, and ______ is his brother.
A.This;these B.That;this C.That;those D.Those;that
【答案】D
【详解】句意:看这张照片。那些是汤姆的朋友,那是他的兄弟。考查代词辨析。This这个;That那个;Those那些;these这些。第一个空后接复数动词“are”和复数名词“friends”,此处需用复数代词,Those符合;第二个空后接单数动词“is”和单数名词“brother”,此处需用单数代词,that符合。故选D。
10.Your school library looks as beautiful as ________. Can you show me around?
A.we B.us C.our D.ours
【答案】D
【详解】句意:你们学校的图书馆看起来和我们的(图书馆)一样漂亮。你能带我四处看看吗?考查代词辨析。we我们,人称代词主格;us我们,人称代词宾格;our我们的,形容词性物主代词;ours我们的,名词性物主代词。根据“Your school library looks as beautiful as”可知,此处指你们的图书馆和我们的(图书馆)一样漂亮,用名词性物主代词ours。故选D。
11.________ name is Mike and ________ is Emma.
A.His; her B.He; her C.His; she D.He; she
【答案】C
【详解】句意:他的名字叫Mike,她是Emma。考查代词的用法。his他的;her她的;she她;he他。第一空修饰名词name,应填形容词性物主代词his。第二空作主语应填主格she,故选C。
12.My mother’s birthday is coming. I want to buy a present for ________.
A.him B.her C.you D.she
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我妈妈的生日快到了。我想给她买一份礼物。
考查代词辨析。 him他;her她,宾格;you你;she她,主格。空处指代“妈妈”,作宾语,用宾格her。故选B。
13.The girl is Betty. I’m ________ friend. ________ is in my class.
A.she; She B.her; Her C.she; Her D.her; She
【答案】D
【详解】句意:这个女孩叫Betty。我是她的朋友。她在我的班里。考查代词辨析及用法。she她,主格;her她的,她,形容词性物主代词或宾格。根据题干可知,第一空后有名词friend,需形容词性物主代词her修饰名词friend;第二空缺少主语,指的是贝蒂,所以用代词She指代。故选D。
14.This is ________ friend. ________ name is Tom.
A.my; His B.I; He C.me; Him D.my; He
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这是我的朋友。他的名字是汤姆。考查代词辨析。my我的,形容词性物主代词;I我,主格;me我,宾格;His他的;He他,主格;Him他,宾格。“friend”是名词,前面要用形容词性物主代词my来修饰,表示“我的朋友”;“name”是名词,前面要用形容词性物主代词his来修饰,表示“他的名字”。故选A。
15.Miss Wang teaches ________ English. We all like ________ class very much.
A.we; she B.us; she C.we; her D.us; her
【答案】D
【详解】句意:王老师教我们英语。我们都非常喜欢她的课。考查代词辨析。we我们,主格;she她,主格;us我们,宾格;her她的,形容词性物主代词。teach sb. sth.“教某人某物”,作宾语用代词宾格,排除A和C;第二个空后是名词“class”,应用形容词性物主代词her修饰。故选D。
2、 用所给单词适当形式填空
16.There are eight ducks in front of the house. Two of (they) run after each other.
【答案】them
【详解】句意:房子前面有八只鸭子,其中两只互相追逐。of为介词,后跟人称代词的宾格形式。故填them。
17.Oh, look at the pictures. (it) are nice.
【答案】They
【详解】句意:哦,看这些照片。它们很漂亮。根据“are”可知,应使用复数,故填They。
18.Sandy is one of my (classmate) in the new school.
【答案】classmates
【详解】句意:Sandy是我在新学校的同学之一。根据“one of my...in the new school”以及所给单词可知,应填classmate“同学”的复数形式classmates,表示在新学校的同学之一。故填classmates。
19.I can see two (sheep) on the farm.
【答案】sheep
【详解】句意:我能看见农场里的两只羊。根据“two”可知,空格处用名词的复数形式,sheep是单复数同形。故填sheep。
20.Mrs. Wu is 70 old, but she looks young. (year)
【答案】years
【详解】句意:吴太太已经70岁了,但她看起来很年轻。基数词“70”后应接名词复数years,years old“……岁”,固定搭配。故填years。
重难突破(测试时间:10分钟)
一、完形填空
Hello, I am Joshua. I am 11 years old. I am in No. 7 Middle School. It is a very good 1 . I like my teachers. They are very 2 . I have three good 3 at school. They are Mike, John and Sarah. We are in Class 9. Our 4 is tidy. We like it very much. I always 5 to the classroom at seven in the morning. My desk and chair are in the middle of the classroom. 6 schoolbag is on my desk. An English dictionary is on my 7 , too. I like English very much. I want to be a(n) 8 teacher. But my sister Jane does not 9 English. Because she thinks it is boring. She likes China and she likes 10 Chinese songs.
1.A.room B.school C.shop D.photo
2.A.bad B.good C.sad D.small
3.A.sisters B.brothers C.teachers D.friends
4.A.family B.desk C.classroom D.bed
5.A.come B.help C.ask D.know
6.A.My B.Your C.His D.Her
7.A.book B.chair C.schoolbag D.desk
8.A.maths B.art C.English D.Chinese
9.A.eat B.like C.make D.teach
10.A.making B.playing C.dancing D.singing
【答案】
1.B 2.B 3.D 4.C 5.A 6.A 7.D 8.C 9.B 10.D
【导语】本文讲述了作者的学校、老师、朋友以及自己的学习生活情况,包括自己的喜好、日常习惯和妹妹的兴趣等。
1.句意:它是一所非常好的学校。
room房间;school学校;shop商店;photo照片。根据“I am in No. 7 Middle School”可知,此处表示“它是一所非常好的学校”,故选B。
2.句意:他们非常好。
bad坏的;good好的;sad伤心的;small小的。根据“I like my teachers”可知,作者喜欢老师,因此表示他们非常好,故选B。
3.句意:我在学校有三个好朋友。
sisters姐妹;brothers兄弟;teachers教师;friends朋友。根据“They are Mike, John and Sarah”可知,此处表示有三个好朋友,故选D。
4.句意:我们的教室非常整洁。
family家庭;desk书桌;classroom教室;bed床。根据“My desk and chair are in the middle of the classroom”可知,此处介绍教室,故选C。
5.句意:我总是在早上七点来到教室。
come来;help帮助;ask询问;know知道。根据“to the classroom at seven in the morning”可知,此处表示来到教室,故选A。
6.句意:我的书包在我的书桌上。
My我的;Your你的;His他的;Her她的。根据“on my desk”可知,此处表示我的书包,故选A。
7.句意:一本英语词典也在我的书桌上。
book书;chair椅子;schoolbag书包;desk书桌。根据“schoolbag is on my desk. An English dictionary is on my...too”可知我的书包在我的书桌上,一本英语词典也在我的书桌上,故选D。
8.句意:我想成为一名英语老师。
maths数学;art美术;English英语;Chinese语文。根据“I like English very much”可知,我喜欢英语,因此想要成为一名英语老师,故选C。
9.句意:但是我的妹妹简不喜欢英语。
eat吃;like喜欢;make制作;teach教。根据“Because she thinks it is boring”可知,她认为英语是无聊的,因此表示她不喜欢英语,故选B。
10.句意:她喜欢中国,她喜欢唱中文歌。
making制作;playing玩;dancing跳舞;singing唱歌。根据“Chinese songs”可知,此处表示唱中文歌,故选D。
二、阅读理解
My name is Ma Ming. I am a 12-year-old girl. I am a student at Suzhou No.1 Middle School. I am in Class 2, Grade 7. My twin (双胞胎) sister Ma Lan and I are in the same class. We are twins, but we do not look the same. We go to school and go back home together every day.
Sometimes we help each other with the homework. I am good at English and she can help me with my science. My classmates are all very nice. I have some good friends. We all love music and sports. We have a lot to talk about. We often play football after school. Sometimes we go to buy (购买) our favorite books on Saturday.
Our teachers are very nice to us. We all like them. I like my English teacher best, because she is beautiful and kind.
11.What class is Ma Ming in?
A.Class 3, Grade 7. B.Class 2, Grade 7.
C.Class 7, Grade 2. D.Class 2, Grade 8.
12.Who is Ma Lan?
A.Ma Ming’s teacher. B.Ma Ming’s brother.
C.Ma Ming’s twin sister. D.Ma Ming’s mother.
13.What’s Ma Ming’s sister good at?
A.English. B.Science. C.Chinese. D.Music.
14.What do Ma Ming and her friends often do after school?
A.They often play the guitar. B.They often go home together.
C.They often buy books. D.They often play football.
15.Why does Ma Ming like her English teacher best?
A.Because she is beautiful and kind. B.Because her English is good.
C.Because she is tall. D.Because she likes singing.
【答案】11.B 12.C 13.B 14.D 15.A
【导语】本文主要介绍了马明和她的双胞胎姐妹马兰。
11.细节理解题。根据“I am in Class 2, Grade 7.”可知,马明在7年2班。故选B。
12.细节理解题。根据“My twin sister Ma Lan and I are in the same class.”可知,马兰是马明的双胞胎姐妹。故选C。
13.细节理解题。根据“I am good at English and she can help me with my science.”可知,马兰擅长科学。故选B。
14.细节理解题。根据“We often play football after school.”可知,她们放学后经常踢足球。故选D。
15.细节理解题。根据“I like my English teacher best, because she is beautiful and kind.”可知,马明最喜欢英语老师,因为她漂亮且友善。故选A。
易混易错(测试时间:10分钟)
一、语法选择
Hello, my name is Liu Kai. 1 English name is Peter. I’m 2 China, but I’m in Canada now. I’m thirteen years old and I’m 3 student in a middle school.
Monica, David and Kate are my good 4 in school. Monica is from Canada. She’s thirteen, 5 . She is a nice girl. Look! 6 is the boy over there? He is David. He’s from England and he’s fourteen. His family name 7 White. Kate is twelve and she’s from Cuba.
We’re not in the same class. But Monica and David are in the same grade. They’re in Grade Eight. What grade are Kate and I in? 8 in Grade Seven.
I’m happy to have these three good friends. They are very 9 to me. My English isn’t very good. They often help me. I 10 them very much.
1.A.I B.Me C.My D.Mine
2.A.from B.on C.under D.in
3.A.an B.a C.the D./
4.A.parent B.parents C.friend D.friends
5.A.too B.else C.also D.not
6.A.What B.Where C.Who D.How
7.A.be B.am C.are D.is
8.A.Are we B.We’re C.Is he D.He’s
9.A.nice B.nicely C.bad D.badly
10.A.likes B.like C.lives D.live
【答案】
1.C 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.B
【导语】本文讲述了刘凯在加拿大的学校生活和朋友。
1.句意:我的英文名字是彼得。
I我,主格;Me我,宾格;My我的,形容词性物主代词;Mine我的,名词性物主代词。根据“…English name is Peter.”可知,空后有名词,应用形容词性物主代词My修饰。故选C。
2.句意:我来自中国,但我现在在加拿大。
from来自;on在上面;under在下面;in在里面。根据“I’m…China, but I’m in Canada now.”可知,此处为固定短语be from“来自”。故选A。
3.句意:我今年十三岁,是一所中学的学生。
an一个,位于以元音音素开头的词前;a一个,位于以辅音音素开头的词前;the这个/那个;/零冠词。根据“and I’m…student in a middle school.”可知,此处泛指一个中学生,且student以辅音音素开头,应用a修饰。故选B。
4.句意:莫妮卡、大卫和凯特是我在学校的好朋友。
parent父亲(或母亲);parents父母;friend朋友;friends朋友,复数形式。根据“Monica, David and Kate are my good…in school.”可知,此处指多个朋友,应用名词复数形式。故选D。
5.句意:她也十三岁了。
too也,位于句尾;else其他的;also也;not不是。根据“She’s thirteen,….”及前文可知,莫妮卡和作者一样,也是十三岁,此处位于句尾,且前有逗号,应用too表示“也”。故选A。
6.句意:那边的男孩是谁?
What什么;Where哪里;Who谁;How怎样。根据“…is the boy over there? He is David.”可知,此处询问那个男孩是谁,应用who提问。故选C。
7.句意:他的姓氏是怀特。
be是;am是(be的第一人称单数现在时);are是(be的第二人称单复数现在式);is是(be的第三人称单数)。根据“His family name…White.”及后文可知,时态为一般现在时,主语为he,be动词应用is。故选D。
8.句意:我们七年级了。
Are we我们是,疑问句;We’re我们是,肯定句;Is he他是,疑问句;He’s他是,肯定句。根据“What grade are Kate and I in?…in Grade Seven.”可知,此处回答上句的问题,凯特和我几年级,应用We’re。故选B。
9.句意:他们对我很好。
nice好的;nicely好地;bad坏的;badly坏地。根据“They are very…to me.”及后文可知,他们对“我”很好,应用形容词nice作表语。故选A。
10.句意:我非常喜欢他们。
likes喜欢,三单形式;like喜欢;lives生活,三单形式;live生活。根据“I…them very much.”可知,朋友们对“我”很好,所以“我”很喜欢他们,时态为一般现在时,主语为I,应用动词原形。故选B。
二、短文填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
Look! This is a photo of my room. It is not big 11 very tidy. My desk and my chair 12 (be) next to the bed. 13 is my schoolbag? Oh, it is on the desk. What 14 is it? It is black. What is in my schoolbag? Look! A pencil box and two 15 (dictionary) are on the desk. I have three pencils and 16 eraser in the pencil box. What’s that under the desk? Oh, a set of 17 (key). And a basketball is under my bed. I love 18 (play) sports. I can play basketball very 19 (good). I often play it 20 my friends after school. You can also see a dog on my bed. 21 (it) name is Pluto. It is my sister 22 (Mary). Are 23 (this) my English books? No, they aren’t. I get 24 (they) from my teacher, Ms. Black. She 25 (teach) me English at school. I like my bedroom very much.
【答案】
11.but 12.are 13.Where 14.color/colour 15.dictionaries 16.an 17.keys 18.playing/to play 19.well 20.with 21.Its 22.Mary’s 23.these 24.them 25.teaches
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者房间的布局和物品摆放情况,以及作者的个人爱好。
11.句意:它不大但很整洁。前后句意转折,用but连接。故填but。
12.句意:我的桌子和椅子在床旁边。主语My desk and my chair,是复数,时态是一般现在时,be用are。故填are。
213.句意:我的书包在哪儿?根据“it is on the desk.”可知,问句是问地点,用where提问。故填Where。
14.句意:它是什么颜色的?根据“It is black”可知,问句是问颜色,用what color/colour“什么颜色”提问。故填color/colour。
15.句意:一个铅笔盒和两本字典在桌子上。two后接复数名词。故填dictionaries。
16.句意:我有三支铅笔和一块橡皮擦在铅笔盒里。此处指一块橡皮擦,且eraser是元音音素开头的单词,用an修饰。故填an。
17.句意:噢,一串钥匙。a set of后接复数名词。故填keys。
18.句意:我喜欢做运动。love doing/to do sth“喜欢做某事”。故填playing/to play。
19.句意:我篮球打得很好。修饰动词play,用副词形式。故填well。
20.句意:我经常放学后和朋友一起打篮球。根据“my friends”可知,是指和朋友一起,用介词with“和……一起”。故填with。
21.句意:它的名字是Pluto。空处修饰名词name,用形容词性物主代词。故填Its。
22.句意:它是我妹妹Mary的。此处是指Mary的狗,空后无名词,空处用名词所有格形式。故填Mary’s。
23.句意:这些是我的英语书吗?根据“Are”可知,用复数形式these作主语。故填these。
24.句意:我从我的老师布莱克女士那里得到它们。空处作动词get的宾语,用宾格代词them。故填them。
25.句意:她在学校教我英语。时态是一般现在时,主语是She,谓语用第三人称单数teaches。故填teaches。
链接中考(测试时间:15分钟)
一、单项选择
1.(2025·江苏淮安·中考真题)In China, people usually have a dragon boat race to celebrate the ________.
A.Spring Festival B.Lantern Festival
C.Mid-Autumn Festival D.Dragon Boat Festival
【答案】D
【详解】句意:在中国,人们通常会举行龙舟赛来庆祝端午节。考查专有名词。Spring Festival春节;Lantern Festival元宵节;Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节;Dragon Boat Festival端午节。根据“dragon boat race”以及常识可知,龙舟赛是端午节的标志性活动。故选D。
2.(2025·四川达州·中考真题)—Who left a notebook in the English club?
—It’s not ________. Maybe it’s ________.
A.me, Jack’s B.mine, Jack’s C.mine, Jack
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——谁把笔记本落在英语俱乐部了?——它不是我的,可能是杰克的。
考查代词辨析和名词所有格。me我,人称代词宾格;mine我的,名词性物主代词;Jack’s杰克的;Jack杰克。根据“It’s not”可知,第一空需用名词性物主代词mine作表语,表示“笔记本不是我的”,故排除选项A;根据“Maybe it’s”可知,此处表示“可能是杰克的”,故第二空用“Jack’s”(= Jack’s notebook)表示所属关系。故选B。
3.(2025·甘肃白银·中考真题)The Communist Party of China (CPC) was founded on ________ 1, 1921.
A.July B.August C.September D.October
【答案】A
【详解】句意:中国共产党成立于1921年7月1日。
考查名词辨析。July七月;August八月;September九月;October十月。根据常识可知,中国共产党成立于1921年7月1日。故选A。
4.(2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题)They all think my eyes look bigger than ________.
A.my brother B.my brothers C.my brother’s
【答案】C
【详解】句意:他们都认为我的眼睛比我哥哥的大。
考查名词所有格。根据“my eyes look bigger than”可知我的眼睛比哥哥的眼睛大,故此处用名词所有格my brother’s,表示“我哥哥的眼睛”。故选C。
5.(2025·江苏徐州·中考真题)Boys, whose jacket is this? Somebody left ________ jacket in the dining room.
A.my B.your C.his D.her
【答案】C
【详解】句意:孩子们,这是谁的夹克衫?有人把他的夹克衫落在餐厅了。
考查形容词性物主代词。my我的;your你的,你们的;his他的;her她的。根据“somebody”可知,在英语中,当指代性别不明确的单数不定代词时,常用his作为中性代词。故选C。
6.(2025·四川广元·中考真题)—Molly, I left my dictionary at home. Do you have ________?
—Yes. Here you are.
A.it B.this C.that D.one
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——莫莉,我把字典忘在家里了。你有一本吗?——是的。给你。
考查代词辨析。it它,指同类同物;this这个;that那个;one一个,指同类不同物。根据“I left my dictionary at home. Do you have”可知此处询问对方是否有一本字典,指同类不同物,用one。故选D。
7.(2025·四川乐山·中考真题)—What a pity! I left my computer at home.
—Don’t worry. I brought ________ with me. We can share.
A.one B.it C.this
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——太可惜了!我把电脑忘在家里了。——别担心。我带了一个。我们可以共用。考查代词辨析。one一个;it它;this这个。根据“I brought...with me”可知此处指带了一台电脑,同类不同物,用代词one。故选A。
8.(2025·北京·中考真题)My sister is good at singing. ________ can even sing some French songs.
A.I B.He C.You D.She
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我妹妹擅长唱歌。她甚至能唱一些法语歌曲。
考查代词辨析。I我;He他;You你;She她。根据“My sister is good at singing.”可知,此处指“我”妹妹会唱法语歌曲,指第三人称,且为女性,故用代词She指代。故选D。
9.(2025·云南·中考真题)—Is this Li Mei’s volleyball?
—Yes, it’s ________. Look, there is “LM” on it.
A.she B.her C.hers D.herself
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——这是李梅的排球吗?——是的,是她的。看,上面有“LM”。
考查代词辨析。she她;her她;hers她的;herself她自己。由“Look, there is ‘LM’ on it”可知,此处指是李梅的排球,回答中使用名词性物主代词hers表示“她的排球”。故选C。
10.(2025·天津·中考真题)________ sister is in the school tennis team. I’m proud of ________.
A.I; she B.I; her C.My; she D.My; her
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我的姐姐是学校女子网球队的一员。我为她感到骄傲。
考查代词辨析。I我,主格;My我的,形容词性物主代词。第一处作定语修饰“sister”,用形容词性物主代词My,排除AB。she她,主格;her她,宾格。第二处在介词of后,用宾格her。故选D。
11.(2025·江苏扬州·中考真题)Red squirrels depend on ________ thicker winter fur and food hidden in autumn to survive.
A.its B.our C.their D.your
【答案】C
【详解】句意:红松鼠依靠它们厚实的冬季皮毛和在秋季储存的食物来生存。
考查形容词性物主代词。its它的;our我们的;their它们的;your你的,你们的。根据“Red squirrels depend on...thicker winter fur”可知,此处指“红松鼠的……”,squirrels是复数,应用their。故选C。
二、单词拼写
1.(2025·甘肃金昌·中考真题)Jim’s teachers encourage (he) to try new things.
【答案】him
【详解】句意:吉姆的老师鼓励他尝试新事物。动词后面用人称代词的宾格,he的宾格是him。故填him。
2.(2025·甘肃白银·中考真题)Jim’s teachers encourage (he) to try new things.
【答案】him
【详解】句意:吉姆的老师鼓励他尝试新事物。动词后面用人称宾格,him符合句意,故填him。
3.(2025·云南·中考真题)She sang an English song for at the party yesterday. (we)
【答案】us
【详解】句意:昨天在聚会上,她为我们唱了一首英文歌。此处作介词for的宾语用代词宾格us“我们”。故填us。
4.(2025·江苏淮安·中考真题)Many (tree) are planted every year to make our city beautiful.
【答案】trees
【详解】句意:每年都种很多树,让我们的城市变得美丽。“many”后接复数可数名词。故填trees。
5.(2025·江苏无锡·中考真题)Ne Zha 2 has been the biggest (win) on the film market this year.
【答案】winner
【详解】句意:《哪吒2》是今年电影市场上最大的赢家。根据“Ne Zha 2 has been the biggest ... on the film market this year.”可知,此处表示《哪吒2》是今年电影市场上最大的赢家,winner“赢家”符合,此处用名词单数。故填winner。
6.(2025·甘肃兰州·中考真题)Today is my (brother) birthday. I want to make a bowl of long noodles for him.
【答案】brother’s
【详解】句意:今天是我弟弟的生日。我想为他做一碗长寿面。根据“Today is my...birthday.”可知,此处表达“我弟弟的生日”,应该使用名词所有格形式来表示所属关系,即在名词“brother”后加“’s”。故填brother’s。
7.(2025·甘肃兰州·中考真题)Doctors say we should drink enough (water) every day.
【答案】water
【详解】句意:医生说我们每天应该喝足够的水。根据“drink enough...”可知,此处表达“喝足够的水”,water“水”,为不可数名词,在这里作drink的宾语。故填water。
8.(2025·甘肃白银·中考真题)The Silk Road is becoming a top choice for international (visitor).
【答案】visitors
【详解】句意:丝绸之路正成为国际游客的首选。此处泛指“国际游客”,用名词复数visitors“游客”。故填visitors。
9.(2025·黑龙江·中考真题)Chinese people use twelve animals to name the year of a (person) birth.
【答案】person’s
【详解】句意:中国人用十二种动物来命名一个人出生的年份。空处作定语修饰名词birth,应用名词所有格形式person’s。故填person’s。
10.(2025·云南·中考真题)Nowadays, thousands of foreign come to China on vacation. (visit)
【答案】visitors
【详解】句意:如今,成千上万的外国游客来中国度假。根据“come to China on vacation”可知是游客来中国度假,visitor“游客”,thousands of后加可数名词复数。故填visitors。
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专题02 名词和代词(期中复习讲义)
单元
语法点
常考题型
命题趋势
Unit 2
名词和代词
单项选择
语法选择
语法填空
词汇运用
补全对话等
1.注重素养:更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。
2.情境化突出:借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境,将语法考察与实际生活相结合。
3.文化传承与价值导向明显:注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。
知识点01 名词
一、名词的分类
分类
说明
例句
普通名词
可数名词
个体名词
表示人或事物的个体名称
city城市,panda熊猫,chair椅子,hospital医院,nurse护士
集体名词
表示一群人或一些事物的总称
public公众,people人们,class班级,family家庭,police警察
不可数名词
物质名词
表示无法分为个体的物质或材料的名称
rice大米,snow雪,steel钢铁,cotton棉花,corn玉米,air空气
抽象名词
表示行为、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念的名词
courage勇气,determination决心,satisfaction满意,happiness幸福,success成功,love热爱
专有名词
表示人名、地名、国名
London伦敦,Tom汤姆,the Great Wall长城,Asia亚洲
表示书名、电影名、各种标语
Nezha 《哪吒》
表示机构、组织、团体
UNESCO联合国教科文组织
Beijing University北京大学
表示月份、星期、节日
Monday星期一,National day国庆节
二、名词的数
1. 名词复数形式的规则变化
情况
构成方法
单数变复数例词
一般情况
加 -s
map→maps;mouth→mouths;house→houses
以s,sh,ch, x等结尾的词
加 -es
watch→watches;glass→glasses;match→matches
以辅音字母+y结尾的词
变y为i再加es
baby→babies;country→countries
以“元音字母+y”结尾
词尾加-s
key→keys;boy→boys; holiday-holiday
以-f或-fe结尾
多数变f或fe
为v后加-es
leaf→leaves;life→lives;shelf→shelves knife→knives;
thief→thieves;wife→wives;knife→knives;wolf→wolves
少数词尾加-s
chief→chiefs;roof→roofs;belief→beliefs
以字母-o结尾
词尾加-es
Negro→Negroes;hero→heroes;
potato→potatoes;tomato→tomatoes
词尾加-s
photo→photos;kilo→kilos;piano→pianos;zoo→zoos
注意:
1. 注意以下名词的复数形式是在词尾加-s。
American → Americans 美国人 Australian → Australians 澳大利亚人
Canadian → Canadians 加拿大人 German → Germans 德国人
Greek → Greeks 希腊人 Indian → Indians 印度人 Russian → Russians俄罗斯人
2. 有些名词表面为复数形式,实为单数。
math数学,news新闻,physics物理,politics政治,the United Nations 联合国,the United States美国
易|错|点|拨
1. 以o结尾的名词,需加-es的名词有:negro(黑人),hero(英雄),tomato(西红柿),potato(土豆)。可结合顺口溜来记忆这些单词,即"黑人英雄 西红柿和土豆"。
2. 以f或fe结尾的名词,须把f或fe变为v,再加-es的名词有:calf(小牛,牛犊),half(一半),knife(小刀),leaf(叶子),life(生活,生命),loaf(长面包),self(自己),shelf(架子),thief(小偷),wife(妻子),wolf(狼)。可结合顺口溜来记忆,即"妻已架刀命牛郎(狼),半夜(叶)偷包要提防"(单词顺序为wife,self,shelf,knife,life,calf,wolf,half,leaf,thief,loaf)
3. 以ch结尾的名词:ch发音为/k/的名词,其复数形式直接在词尾加-s,如:stomach→stomachs胃
2. 名词复数的不规则变化
变化
示例
单复数同形
deer;fish;sheep;means;series;aircraft;spacecraft;species
Chinese;the United States;Swiss;physics;politics;maths
变内部元音
goose→geeset;tooth→teeth;foot→feet;man→men;woman→women;mouse→mice
-on变-a
phenomenon→phenomena现象;criterion→criteria标准;
词尾加-(r)en
child→children孩子;ox→oxen公牛
词尾-un变成-a
datum→data数据;medium→media媒体
3.不可数名词
一般情况下,专有名词、物质名称、抽象名词为不可数名词。不可数名词一般没有复数形式,但有些名词在不同的语境下有不同的含义,从而也表现出可数与不可数性。
1. 常见的不可数名词
不能用具体的数字来表示。
cotton棉花,food食物,hair头发,health健康,ice冰,wind风
2. 可转化为可数名词的物资名称
(1)有些物质名词在表达个体概念时,是可数名词。
rain雨→a rain一场雨,wind风→a wind一阵风,beer啤酒→a beer一杯啤酒,paper纸→a paper一份论文
(2)有些物质名词的复数形式表示特殊含义。
Water水→waters海域,wood木头→woods森林,custom习惯→customs海关
3. 可转化为可数名词的抽象名词
抽象名词表示具体的人或事物时,被视为可数名词,可与不定冠词连用,也可有复数形式,表示"某种人或事"。
disappointment失望→a disappointment令人失望的事,experience经验→an experience 一次经历,
success成功→a success成功的人或事
4. 可转化为可数名词的专有名词
有的专有名词也可以用作可数名词,可以由不定冠词修饰,也可有复数形式。
►A Mr Black is waiting for you. 一个叫布莱克的先生在等你。
三、名词所有格
名词所有格表示名词之间的所属关系,即某物或某人是“谁的”。
1.-’s所有格
适用
规则
例词
一般用于表示有生命的名词所有格
①以s结尾加’
the teachers’ office 教师办公室
②不以s结尾加’s
my dad’s pen 我爸爸的钢笔
③不规则复数名词加’s
Children’s Day 儿童节 Women’s Day 妇女节
用and连接两个并列的单数名词
①表示共同拥有,在最后一个名词后加’s
Tony and Jim’s dad 托尼和吉姆的爸爸
②表示各自拥有,在两个名词后都加’s
Tony’s and Jim’s desks 托尼的书桌和吉姆的书桌
有些表示时间、距离、重量、国家、城镇、团体、机构等无生命的名词后,也可加“’s”构成所有格
①单数加’s
China’s development 中国的发展
a pound’s weight 一磅的重量
②复数或以s结尾加’
two hours’ walk 步行两小时的路程
The cinema is 15 minutes’ drive from my home. 从我家到电影院开车要15分钟。
注意:不定代词与else连用时,表示所有格的’s应加在else之后。如:someone else’s book 某人的书
2.of所有格
(1)一般来说,表示无生命事物的名词的所有关系。如:
The windows of the house face the sea. 这栋房子的窗户朝着大海。
(2)有时也表示人和其他有生命事物的名词的所有关系。如:
When in trouble, I will take the advice of my parents. 遇到麻烦时,我通常采纳我父母的建议。
(3)地名、交通工具名以及与人的活动有关的表示无生命事物的名词可用of短语所有格,也可用-’s所有格。如:the future of China/China’s future 中国的未来
3.双重所有格
of+名词’s:a friend of my mom’s 我母亲的一个朋友
of+名词性物主代词: a book of hers 她的一本书
解|题|技|巧
1:填原形
填原形的情况下所填词按其性质可能为可数名词单数或不可数名词。若符合语境的词本身为不可数名词,则不考虑变形直接填原形即可。
2:变复数
1. one of( +the+形容词最高级)/quite a few/a pair of/a couple of/a ( great/large ) number of/different kinds of/all kinds of/ many of/ some of+可数名词复数;
2. both/ either/ neither/ all/none of+可数名词复数;
3. 可数名词复数(主语) +be动词复数形式/动词原形;
4. 结合上下文语境或句中对应的提示词,如:they, them, their;
5. 通常用复数或只有复数形式的名词:chopsticks筷子,clothes 衣服,glasses 眼镜、scissors剪刀,socks 袜子,trousers裤子;
6. 大于1的基数词+men/women+可数名词复数,如:two women teachers;
7. 个别集合名词形式为单数,但意义可表达复数概念,如:people,police, family等。
3:变所有格
1. 与空格后名词是一-种所属关系。如:a boy's voice, Jimmy's grandmother;
2. 表示时间距离国家等无生命的词,且空格后是名词。如:Chin's development:
3. 固定搭配或专有名词中,如:with the boy's help, Children's Day.
【即时检测】
1.Peter ________ with many people on his journey last year.
A.make a friend B.made a friend C.make friends D.made friends
2.Two ________ and three ________ are studying Chinese at Beijing University.
A.English; Germen B.Englishmen; Germans
C.English; Germans D.Englishmen; Germen
3.There are only a few ________ and two ________ in the fridge.
A.cartons of juice, baskets of oranges B.cartons of juices, baskets of oranges
C.cartons of juice, baskets of orange D.cartons of juices, baskets of orange
4.________ mothers can’t go to the parents’ meeting because they are too busy.
A.Jack’s and Paul B.Jack’s and Paul’s C.Jack and Paul’s
5.Our car had to stop because there was a ________ “Danger Ahead”.
A.word B.sign C.message D.program
6.—Sir, did you enjoy your stay in our ________?
—Yes, I slept very well and I enjoyed the breakfast.
A.mall B.hotel C.factory D.company
7.This is Mr. Green. My father is his brother. He’s my ________.
A.uncle B.grandmother C.grandfather D.aunt
8.—It’s Mr. Zhang’s new film. I think it’s more meaningful than his other films.
—I agree with you. His latest film has come to his highest ________.
A.spirit B.standard C.treasure D.development
9.Marie Curie is my favourite ________. Her research (研究) changes our lives, and she was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize.
A.writer B.scientist C.actor D.reader
10.The wallpaper with cartoon________ is ideal for my son’s room.
A.plans B.kinds C.rules D.patterns
知识点02 代词
代词是用来替代名词的词,也用来代替起名词作用的短语和句子。
种类(七年级上册)
常见用法
人称代词
主格:I, we, you, he, she, they, it
宾格:me, us, you, him, her, them, it
物主代词
形容性物主代词:my, our, your, his, her, their, its
名词性物主代词:mine, ours, yours, his, hers, theirs, its
疑问代词
疑问代词包括who、whose、whom、what、which。
指示代词
指上文提到的是,单数this/that; 复数these/those;
一、人称代词、物主代词
人称代词: 用来代替人或物,有人称、数和格的变化,通常在句子中作主语或宾语。
物主代词:在句子中作定语修饰名词的为形容词性物主代词;在句子中相当于“形容词性物主代词+n.”的为名词性物主代词反身代词在句中可用作宾语、表语、同位语等。
代词的形式变化表
人称
数
主格
宾格
形容词性物主代词
名词性
物主代词
第一人称
单数
I
me
my
mine
复数
we
us
our
ours
第二人称
单数
you
you
your
yours
复数
you
you
your
yours
第三人称
单数
he
him
his
his
she
her
her
hers
it
it
its
its
复数
they
them
their
theirs
【名师提醒】
人称代词主宾格,作用不同莫误用。主格动词前作主,动词介词后宾格。
you和it主宾同,其他主宾务分清。人称代词并列现,尊重他人礼让先。
单数人称二三一,复数人称一二三。若把错误来承担,第一人称我靠前。
人称代词的用法:
(1)通常主格作主语(在句首,动词前)。
► He likes swimming. 他喜欢游泳。
(2)宾格作宾语(在动词或介词后)或作表语(在be动词后)。
► Can you understand me? 你能理解我吗?(作宾语)
► —Who is knocking at the door? 谁在敲门?
—It’s me. 是我。(作表语)
(3)人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时,用主格和宾格都可以。
► Sam is much taller than I/me. 山姆比我高得多。
(4)单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格,即使它代表主语时也是如此。
► —I like travelling. 我喜欢旅游。
—Me too. 我也喜欢。
(5)人称代词并列时的排列顺序。
①人称代词单数并列作主语时,其顺序为:第二人称→第三人称→第一人称,即you, he/she/it and I(若是承担错误责任,第一人称应当先)。
► It was I and John that made her angry. 是我和约翰使她生气了。
②复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为:第一人称→第二人称→第三人称,即we, you and they。
物主代词的用法:
(1)形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,只能放在名词前作定语,后面一定要跟一个名词。
my book,your name,their hobbies
①放在被拥有的物体名词前,指明事物的归属者。
►My book is on the desk. 我的书在桌子上。
②放在被拥有的事物名词前,表示事物与某人有某种联系。
►He is my younger brother. 他是我的弟弟。
③用于描述说话人对自己所做的事情或某人对某人自己所做的事情。
►She is brushing her teeth. 她正在刷牙。
④放在表示动作的名词之前,指明动作的施行者。
► not long after our arrival 在我们到达后不久
⑤放在表示动作的名词之前,指明动作的承受者。
► Jim and his supporters 吉姆和他的支持者们
⑥用于头衔
► Your Majesty(陛下)
► Would Your Highness like a cup of tea? 阁下想要一杯茶吗?
【注意】
a. 形容词性物主代词的选择应根据事物的所有者的"人称"(第一、二、三人称)和"数"(单、复数)来确定。
b. 形容词性物主代词通常修饰有生命的事物,如 "the door"或"the door of the room"比"its door"更常见。
c. 表示某物属于某人或某物,或者与某人某物有关可以用名词所有格或"of +介词短语"表示。
(2)名词性物主代词相当于名词,后面不能加名词,可单独使用,可在句中充当主语、宾语、表语等。相当于"形容词性物主代词+名词"。
①用于说明某事物与刚提及的事物类别相同,但属于其他人。
Sarah’ s house is much bigger than ours. 萨拉的房子比我们的房子要大很多。
②常用于"of"引出的介词短语,表示所谈及的是群体中的一员。
a friend of mine 我的一个朋友(表示许多朋友中的一个)
2、 指示代词、疑问代词
1.指示代词
(一)含义:
1.指示代词是用来指示或标识人或事物的代词。指示代词与定冠词和人称代词一样,都具有指定的含义。但它们所指的对象取决于说话这和听话者共同熟悉的语境。
(二)形式
1.指离说话人近的人或物时,单数用this(这个);复数用these (这些)
2.指离说话人远的人或物时,单数用that(那个);复数用those(那些)
3.其它指示代词还有:such (这样的); same (同样的); so (这样的) 等。
(三)This, that, these, those用法小结:
1)用于指空间的远近。
Eg: This is a music room. 这是一间音乐室。
That is an English room.那是一间英语室。
2) 用于指时间的远近。
Eg: I learnt English these years. 这些年我在学英语。
I read the book that evening. 那天晚上我读了那本书。
3) 用于指叙述事物的前后。相当于名词或形容词。
Eg: Now, hear this.Please go into the room now.现在,听这里说。请进这间房间。
That ought to give you time to buy everything. 应该给你一些时间去买所有东西。
4) 打电话时,表达第一、二人称分别用指示代词this和that,而不用代词I 和 you.
Eg: This is Lily speaking.Is that Lucy? 我是丽丽,你是露西吗?
2.疑问代词:
用来构成特殊疑问句的代词叫疑问代词。它们一般位于句首。疑问代词包括who、whose、whom、what、which。
代词
用法
例句
Who
表示"谁",可以指代单数和复数名词,在句中作主语、宾语或表语
Who is on duty today? 今天谁值日?
Whom
表示"谁",可以指代单数和复数。whom只能作动词的宾语或介词的宾语,不直接跟在介词后时可用who替换,位于介词后作介词宾语时只能用whom
To whom you were talking just now? 你刚才和谁说话呢?
Whom/Who did you often play with when you were a child? 小时候你经常和谁玩?
Whose
表示"谁的",既可置于名词前作定语,也可单独使用,在句中常作主语、宾语、定语或表语
Whose iPad is this? 这是谁的iPad? (定语)
Whose is this iPad? 这个iPad是谁的? (表语)
Which
表示"哪一个(些)",既可指人也可指物,可指可数名词单、复数,也可指不可数名词,在句中常作主语、宾语或定语
Which animal do you like best? 你最喜欢哪种动物?
Which is cheaper, this printer or that one? 这台打印机和那台打印机,哪台更便宜?
what
表示"什么",可单独使用,也可放在名词前,既可以指代或修饰不可数名词,也可以指代或修饰可数名词的单、复数。在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语
What makes you love your hometown so much? 是什么使你这么热爱你的家乡?
【易错警示】
which和what的用法辨析
用which提问,指在相当数目的人或物中进行选择,限制在一定的范围内;用what提问,不限制范围。
► Which do you like, rice or meat? 你喜欢什么,米饭还是肉?
► What do you like? 你喜欢什么?
【知识拓展】 what的常见用法
1. 用于询问职业:What be+主语?或What do/does/did+主语+ do?
► What does your father do?=What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的?
2. 用于询问天气或品行:What be+主语+like?
► What’ s the weather like? 天气怎么样?
3. 用于询问外貌、长相:What do/does/did+主语+look like?
► What does she look like? 她长什么样?
4. 征求对方的意见:What about ...?
► What about going out for a movie? 出去看电影怎么样?
指示代词:指上文提到的是,单数this/that; 复数these/those;
常见习惯搭配:
that is to say=that is...也就是说
That’ it. 对啦!可不是嘛!
That’ enough! 我受够了!
That will do. 那正好。
易|错|点|拨
1.混淆代词宾格和形容词性物主代词。考查代词作定语修饰名词时,设空处后面的名词容易被考生容易忽略,只关注空格前面的动词或介词误填代词宾格。
2.代词前后指代逻辑意义不一致以及单复数形式混淆是高频易错点。
【即时检测】
1.________ dog is over there. ________ is very cute.
A.My; Its B.My; It C.It; It
2.________ comes from the UK. ________ name is David. We like ________ very much.
A.He; He; his B.His; He; him C.He; His; his D.He; His; him
3.This is _______ friend. _______ name is Lucy.
A.I; Her B.my; She C.my; Her D.I; She
4.This is not _______ bag. _______ is blue.
A.my; My B.mine; My C.my; Mine D.mine; Mine
【答案】C
5.—The camera in your hand is nice. Is it ________?
—Yes, but I’ll give it to my friend Lily as ________ birthday present.
A.you; her B.your; hers C.yours; her D.you; hers
6.—Hey! Our father’s birthday is coming,
—Let’s buy a T-shirt for ________ this afternoon.
A.him B.her C.you D.he
7.— Are those tomatoes yours, Jane?
— No, some of ________ are Jim’s and some are Tom’s.
A.he B.it C.they D.them
8.Look at David. ________ hair is longer than ________.
A.He, her B.His, Lucy C.His, Lucy’s D.His, her
9.—What’s that in English?
—________
A.It’s a book. B.It’s book. C.It’s books. D.They’re books.
10.—________ boy is your cousin?
— The one ________ short dark hair.
A.Whose; with B.Which; with
C.Whose; has D.Which; has
基础通关(测试时间:10分钟)
一、单项选择
1.My English teacher is tall and ________.
A.wear glasses B.wears glasses C.wear glass D.wears glass
2.Lingling has two ________.
A.egg B.eggs C.milk D.water
3.What’re your ________?
A.parent’ job B.parent’ jobs C.parents’ job D.parents’ jobs
4.There are two ________ and three ________ in the lost and found box.
A.watch; knife B.watches; knives C.watches; knife
5.My mother is going to buy two _________of _________ in the supermarket
A.bag, rice B.bag, rices C.bags, rice D.bags, rices
6.—What are ________?
—They are ________.
A.that; tomato B.these; tomatos C.those; tomatoes D.this; tomatoes
7.There is some ________ and three ________ in my bag.
A.bread; tomatoes B.breads; tomatos C.bread; tomatos D.breads; tomatoes
8.—What is ________?
—________ is a bike.
A.this; This B.it; Its C.this; It D.it; That
9.Look at the picture. ______ are Tom’s friends, and ______ is his brother.
A.This;these B.That;this C.That;those D.Those;that
10.Your school library looks as beautiful as ________. Can you show me around?
A.we B.us C.our D.ours
11.________ name is Mike and ________ is Emma.
A.His; her B.He; her C.His; she D.He; she
12.My mother’s birthday is coming. I want to buy a present for ________.
A.him B.her C.you D.she
13.The girl is Betty. I’m ________ friend. ________ is in my class.
A.she; She B.her; Her C.she; Her D.her; She
14.This is ________ friend. ________ name is Tom.
A.my; His B.I; He C.me; Him D.my; He
15.Miss Wang teaches ________ English. We all like ________ class very much.
A.we; she B.us; she C.we; her D.us; her
2、 用所给单词适当形式填空
16.There are eight ducks in front of the house. Two of (they) run after each other.
17.Oh, look at the pictures. (it) are nice.
18.Sandy is one of my (classmate) in the new school.
19.I can see two (sheep) on the farm.
20.Mrs. Wu is 70 old, but she looks young. (year)
重难突破(测试时间:10分钟)
一、完形填空
Hello, I am Joshua. I am 11 years old. I am in No. 7 Middle School. It is a very good 1 . I like my teachers. They are very 2 . I have three good 3 at school. They are Mike, John and Sarah. We are in Class 9. Our 4 is tidy. We like it very much. I always 5 to the classroom at seven in the morning. My desk and chair are in the middle of the classroom. 6 schoolbag is on my desk. An English dictionary is on my 7 , too. I like English very much. I want to be a(n) 8 teacher. But my sister Jane does not 9 English. Because she thinks it is boring. She likes China and she likes 10 Chinese songs.
1.A.room B.school C.shop D.photo
2.A.bad B.good C.sad D.small
3.A.sisters B.brothers C.teachers D.friends
4.A.family B.desk C.classroom D.bed
5.A.come B.help C.ask D.know
6.A.My B.Your C.His D.Her
7.A.book B.chair C.schoolbag D.desk
8.A.maths B.art C.English D.Chinese
9.A.eat B.like C.make D.teach
10.A.making B.playing C.dancing D.singing
二、阅读理解
My name is Ma Ming. I am a 12-year-old girl. I am a student at Suzhou No.1 Middle School. I am in Class 2, Grade 7. My twin (双胞胎) sister Ma Lan and I are in the same class. We are twins, but we do not look the same. We go to school and go back home together every day.
Sometimes we help each other with the homework. I am good at English and she can help me with my science. My classmates are all very nice. I have some good friends. We all love music and sports. We have a lot to talk about. We often play football after school. Sometimes we go to buy (购买) our favorite books on Saturday.
Our teachers are very nice to us. We all like them. I like my English teacher best, because she is beautiful and kind.
11.What class is Ma Ming in?
A.Class 3, Grade 7. B.Class 2, Grade 7.
C.Class 7, Grade 2. D.Class 2, Grade 8.
12.Who is Ma Lan?
A.Ma Ming’s teacher. B.Ma Ming’s brother.
C.Ma Ming’s twin sister. D.Ma Ming’s mother.
13.What’s Ma Ming’s sister good at?
A.English. B.Science. C.Chinese. D.Music.
14.What do Ma Ming and her friends often do after school?
A.They often play the guitar. B.They often go home together.
C.They often buy books. D.They often play football.
15.Why does Ma Ming like her English teacher best?
A.Because she is beautiful and kind. B.Because her English is good.
C.Because she is tall. D.Because she likes singing.
易混易错(测试时间:10分钟)
一、语法选择
Hello, my name is Liu Kai. 1 English name is Peter. I’m 2 China, but I’m in Canada now. I’m thirteen years old and I’m 3 student in a middle school.
Monica, David and Kate are my good 4 in school. Monica is from Canada. She’s thirteen, 5 . She is a nice girl. Look! 6 is the boy over there? He is David. He’s from England and he’s fourteen. His family name 7 White. Kate is twelve and she’s from Cuba.
We’re not in the same class. But Monica and David are in the same grade. They’re in Grade Eight. What grade are Kate and I in? 8 in Grade Seven.
I’m happy to have these three good friends. They are very 9 to me. My English isn’t very good. They often help me. I 10 them very much.
1.A.I B.Me C.My D.Mine
2.A.from B.on C.under D.in
3.A.an B.a C.the D./
4.A.parent B.parents C.friend D.friends
5.A.too B.else C.also D.not
6.A.What B.Where C.Who D.How
7.A.be B.am C.are D.is
8.A.Are we B.We’re C.Is he D.He’s
9.A.nice B.nicely C.bad D.badly
10.A.likes B.like C.lives D.live
二、短文填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
Look! This is a photo of my room. It is not big 11 very tidy. My desk and my chair 12 (be) next to the bed. 13 is my schoolbag? Oh, it is on the desk. What 14 is it? It is black. What is in my schoolbag? Look! A pencil box and two 15 (dictionary) are on the desk. I have three pencils and 16 eraser in the pencil box. What’s that under the desk? Oh, a set of 17 (key). And a basketball is under my bed. I love 18 (play) sports. I can play basketball very 19 (good). I often play it 20 my friends after school. You can also see a dog on my bed. 21 (it) name is Pluto. It is my sister 22 (Mary). Are 23 (this) my English books? No, they aren’t. I get 24 (they) from my teacher, Ms. Black. She 25 (teach) me English at school. I like my bedroom very much.
链接中考(测试时间:15分钟)
一、单项选择
1.(2025·江苏淮安·中考真题)In China, people usually have a dragon boat race to celebrate the ________.
A.Spring Festival B.Lantern Festival
C.Mid-Autumn Festival D.Dragon Boat Festival
2.(2025·四川达州·中考真题)—Who left a notebook in the English club?
—It’s not ________. Maybe it’s ________.
A.me, Jack’s B.mine, Jack’s C.mine, Jack
3.(2025·甘肃白银·中考真题)The Communist Party of China (CPC) was founded on ________ 1, 1921.
A.July B.August C.September D.October
4.(2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题)They all think my eyes look bigger than ________.
A.my brother B.my brothers C.my brother’s
5.(2025·江苏徐州·中考真题)Boys, whose jacket is this? Somebody left ________ jacket in the dining room.
A.my B.your C.his D.her
6.(2025·四川广元·中考真题)—Molly, I left my dictionary at home. Do you have ________?
—Yes. Here you are.
A.it B.this C.that D.one
7.(2025·四川乐山·中考真题)—What a pity! I left my computer at home.
—Don’t worry. I brought ________ with me. We can share.
A.one B.it C.this
8.(2025·北京·中考真题)My sister is good at singing. ________ can even sing some French songs.
A.I B.He C.You D.She
9.(2025·云南·中考真题)—Is this Li Mei’s volleyball?
—Yes, it’s ________. Look, there is “LM” on it.
A.she B.her C.hers D.herself
10.(2025·天津·中考真题)________ sister is in the school tennis team. I’m proud of ________.
A.I; she B.I; her C.My; she D.My; her
11.(2025·江苏扬州·中考真题)Red squirrels depend on ________ thicker winter fur and food hidden in autumn to survive.
A.its B.our C.their D.your
二、单词拼写
1.(2025·甘肃金昌·中考真题)Jim’s teachers encourage (he) to try new things.
2.(2025·甘肃白银·中考真题)Jim’s teachers encourage (he) to try new things.
3.(2025·云南·中考真题)She sang an English song for at the party yesterday. (we)
4.(2025·江苏淮安·中考真题)Many (tree) are planted every year to make our city beautiful.
5.(2025·江苏无锡·中考真题)Ne Zha 2 has been the biggest (win) on the film market this year.
6.(2025·甘肃兰州·中考真题)Today is my (brother) birthday. I want to make a bowl of long noodles for him.
7.(2025·甘肃兰州·中考真题)Doctors say we should drink enough (water) every day.
8.(2025·甘肃白银·中考真题)The Silk Road is becoming a top choice for international (visitor).
9.(2025·黑龙江·中考真题)Chinese people use twelve animals to name the year of a (person) birth.
10.(2025·云南·中考真题)Nowadays, thousands of foreign come to China on vacation. (visit)
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