Unit 9 Optimism and Pessimism.同步词汇笔记 -2024-2025学年教科版(五四学制)(2012)英语九年级下册
教科版 九下 UNIT 9 Optimism and Pessimism.同步词汇笔记
序号 | 单词 | 词形变化 | 派生词 | 核心考点 | 例句 | 单词速记 |
1 | optimism /ˈɒptɪmɪzəm/ n. 乐观;乐观主义 83 | 不可数名词,无复数 | 1. optimist /ˈɒptɪmɪst/ n. 乐观主义者2. optimistic /ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/ adj. 乐观的 | optimism about sth.(对某事的乐观态度) | 1. She has great optimism about her future.(她对自己的未来充满乐观。)2. His optimism helped him get through difficult times.(他的乐观主义帮他度过了困难时期。)派生词例句:He is an optimist who always sees the bright side.(他是个乐观主义者,总看到光明的一面。) | optim(最好)+ ism(名词后缀,表“主义”)→ 相信“一切会变好”的主义→乐观主义 |
2 | pessimism /ˈpesɪmɪzəm/ n. 悲观;悲观主义 83 | 不可数名词,无复数 | 1. pessimist /ˈpesɪmɪst/ n. 悲观主义者2. pessimistic /ˌpesɪˈmɪstɪk/ adj. 悲观的 | pessimism about sth.(对某事的悲观态度) | 1. His pessimism made him afraid to try new things.(他的悲观主义让他不敢尝试新事物。)2. We should avoid pessimism when facing problems.(面对问题时,我们应避免悲观。)派生词例句:She is a pessimist who always worries about the worst.(她是个悲观主义者,总担心最坏的情况。) | pess(最坏)+ ism(名词后缀,表“主义”)→ 认为“一切会变差”的主义→悲观主义 |
3 | negatively /ˈneɡətɪvli/ adv. 消极地 83 | 无比较级/最高级 | negative /ˈneɡətɪv/ adj. 消极的;不良的 | 修饰动词(如think, speak, react等),表“消极地做某事” | 1. Don’t think negatively—things will get better.(别消极地思考,情况会变好的。)2. He reacted negatively to the new plan.(他对新计划做出了消极反应。)派生词例句:She has a negative attitude towards hard | negative(消极的)+ ly(副词后缀)→ 从“消极的”状态延伸到“消极地”动作 |
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序号 | 单词 | 词形变化 | 派生词 | 核心考点 | 例句 | 单词速记 |
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4 | scented /ˈsentɪd/ adj. 芬芳的,有香气的 84 | 比较级:more scented;最高级:most scented | scent /sent/ n. 气味;香气 | 修饰名词(如flowers, candles, soap等),表“有香气的某物” | 1. The scented flowers in the garden attract many bees.(花园里芬芳的花朵吸引了很多蜜蜂。)2. She bought a scented candle to make the room smell nice.(她买了一支香薰蜡烛,让房间气味好闻。)派生词例句:The scent of jasmine filled the air.(茉莉的香气弥漫在空气中。) | scent(香气)+ ed(形容词后缀)→ 带有“香气”的→芬芳的 |
5 | cliff /klɪf/ n. 悬崖,峭壁 84 | 复数:cliffs | N/A | 1. on the cliff(在悬崖上)2. fall off the cliff(从悬崖上掉落) | 1. There is a small house on the edge of the cliff.(悬崖边上有一座小房子。)2. Be careful not to fall off the cliff when hiking.(徒步时小心别从悬崖上掉下去。)派生词例句:N/A | 谐音“克利夫”,联想“悬崖(cliff)陡峭,攀爬危险”的场景 |
6 | jasmine /ˈdʒæzmɪn/ n. 茉莉 84 | 不可数名词(表“茉莉花”时可加s,初中主要记不可数) | N/A | 1. jasmine tea(茉莉花茶)2. jasmine flowers(茉莉花) | 1. My grandma likes drinking jasmine tea in the afternoon.(奶奶喜欢下午喝茉莉花茶。)2. The jasmine flowers in our yard bloom every summer.(我们院子里的茉莉花每年夏天开花。)派生词例句:N/A | 音译“茉莉”,直接关联“茉莉花”这一植物,结合“香气”记忆 |
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序号 | 单词 | 词形变化 | 派生词 | 核心考点 | 例句 | 单词速记 |
7 | plum /plʌm/ n. 李子;李树 84 | 复数:plums(表“李子”);plum trees(表“李树”,避免重复) | N/A | 1. fresh plums(新鲜李子)2. a plum tree(一棵李树) | 1. We picked fresh plums from the tree in our garden.(我们从院子的树上摘了新鲜李子。)2. There is a tall plum tree at the entrance of the park.(公园入口处有一棵高大的李树。)派生词例句:N/A | 谐音“ plum plum”,联想“李子(plum)酸甜,颜色多为紫色” |
8 | optimist /ˈɒptɪmɪst/ n. 乐观主义者 86 | 复数:optimists | 1. optimism /ˈɒptɪmɪzəm/ n. 乐观主义2. optimistic /ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/ adj. 乐观的 | a born optimist(天生的乐观主义者) | 1. He is a born optimist who never loses hope.(他是天生的乐观主义者,从不失去希望。)2. Optimists always look for solutions to problems.(乐观主义者总在寻找问题的解决办法。)派生词例句:Her optimistic smile made everyone feel warm.(她乐观的笑容让所有人感到温暖。) | optim(最好)+ ist(表“人”)→ 相信“一切会变好”的人→乐观主义者 |
9 | optimistic /ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/ adj. 乐观的 86 | 比较级:more optimistic;最高级:most optimistic | 1. optimism /ˈɒptɪmɪzəm/ n. 乐观主义2. optimist /ˈɒptɪmɪst/ n. 乐观主义者 | be optimistic about sth.(对某事乐观) | 1. She is optimistic about passing the English exam.(她对通过英语考试很乐观。)2. They are optimistic that the project will succeed.(他们对项目成功持乐观态度。)派生词例句:His optimism gives him the courage to try again.(他的乐观主义给了他再次尝试的勇气。) | optim(最好)+ istic(形容词后缀)→ 倾向于“相信最好”的→乐观的 |
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