精品解析：北京五中分校2024-2025学年九年级上学期第一次月考英语试卷

2024-2025学年北京五中分校九年级（上）第一次月考英语试卷 一、单项填空（共6分，每小题0.5分） 1. My sister loves music very much and ________ dream is to be a singer. A. she B. he C. her D. his 2. Street cats often hide under cars to keep warm ________ winter. A. in B. on C. until D. to 3. Tony couldn’t go to the concert with us ________ he was busy with his work. A. or B. because C. so D. but 4. —________ do you play basketball with your classmates, Tom? —Three times a week. A. How long B. How often C. How much D. How soon 5. The Dragon Boat Festival is one of ________ traditional festivals in China. A. old B. older C. oldest D. the oldest 6. —________ you give me a hand? I can't move the box by myself. —No problem. A. Could B. Should C. Must D. Need 7. —Hi Betty! Mrs. Li called and ______ us to her new house just now. —Great, I will go. A. invited B. invites C. will invite D. has invited 8. —Let’s play football with David. How about calling him? —David ________ for tomorrow’s competition at home. Please don’t trouble him. A. prepares B. is preparing C. has prepared D. prepared 9. Mr. Wang has left for Guangzhou. He ________a speech there in two days. A. gives B. gave C. will give D. has given 10. Tina and Tom ________ with a Chinese family for three years. They are used to the life there. A. live B. have lived C. are living D. will live 11. —What were you doing when it started to rain yesterday? —I ________ the piano at home. A. play B. played C. was playing D. will play 12. —Do you know ________? —Next Sunday morning. A. when will we visit the Science Museum B. when we will visit the Science Museum C. when did we visit the Science Museum D. when we visited the Science Museum 二、完形填空（共8分，每小题8分） I almost messed up “big time”. My 5-year-old son and I were coming back from school when we saw a(n) ____13____ man on the side of the road. I wanted to give the man some money, but I didn’t have any cash(现金). My son Justus noticed the man as well. And then it happened... Justus insisted on giving the man the 30 cents he had in his pocket. I was more than happy that he wanted to do this with ____14____ . But honestly I was hesitant(犹豫不决的), I didn’t want to give this man who clearly needed all the help he could get, just 30 cents. My own pride and thoughts of the homeless man’s unknown reaction(反应) to ____15____ just two coins were standing in the way. I quickly realized that I was the only problem in this situation. I almost told my son what he had wasn’t enough by my inaction. I almost showed him that what he saw as a good thing, and was in fact a good thing, wasn’t good enough to make a ____16____ in someone’s life. I almost taught him that pride was more important than helping another human. Thank goodness I quickly dropped that foolishness. I then rolled down the window and said, “I’m sorry, man. I don’t have any cash on me, but my son back here wants to give you everything he ____17____ right now. He just turned five.” The smile on that man’s face lit up the crossroad and he said to Justus, “Thank you so much!” The only thing that ____18____ the brightness of that stranger’s smile after that moment was... the bigger smile on my boy’s face! I also believed that a chain reaction of ____19____ started behind us that day, as other people rolled down their windows to help him, too. My little boy, without even ____20____ it, reminded me once again by his actions that it was always about the heart. It doesn’t matter how much you have or how little; giving in love and sincerity is very important. 13. A. old B. strange C. ordinary D. homeless 14. A. joy B. surprise C. curiosity D. patience 15. A. losing B. receiving C. keeping D. finding 16. A. promise B. decision C. difference D. wish 17. A. believes B. wants C. has D. knows 18. A. matched B. lightened C. explained D. described 19. A. confidence B. kindness C. trust D. courage 20. A. refusing B. recognizing C. remembering D. realizing 三、阅读理解（共26分，每小题6分）阅读下面每本书的内容介绍，根据人物的喜好为他们推荐图书，并将每本书所对应的A、B、C.D选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。 阅读下面每本书的内容介绍，根据人物的喜好为他们推荐图书，并将每本书所对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。 ____21____ I want to learn about the great people in human history who have explored (探索) the universe. Tony ____22____ I enjoy stories about friendship and personal growth. Betty ____23____ I am interested in music and love reading stories about musicians. Lily A. SHOOT YOUR SHOT This book teaches you about the most important rules that the best basketball players use in their lives. It explains how the rules can help you get through life and make your dreams come true. B. SPACE Only 628 people in the history of humans have been to space. In this book, an astronaut named Tim Peake tells their stories. They are all brave and amazing people who have made it possible for us to go to space. C. LISTEN Evelyn fell in love with music the first time she heard it. She started playing the piano at the age of eight. Later, she began to lose her hearing, but Evelyn didn’t give up. She discovered a new way to hear and made beautiful music. D. ROLLER GIRL Astrid and Nicole are best friends. But things change when Astrid chooses roller derby camp, and Nicole picks dance camp. This situation tests their friendship. Luckily, by summer’s end, they learn that true friends cheer each other on while trying now activities. （二）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 A Coming Back to Earth David loved everything about flying. He wanted to be an airplane pilot one day. He made planes out of paper, and he drew cartoons about space travel. David became so involved in his air travel projects that he often forgot the time. Sometimes he forgot to do his homework. Once, he was late in preparing his part of a group report. As a result, all three students in his group got low grades. “I’m sorry, but look at this fantastic model of a seaplane I made!” David said. One day at school, David spent his lunch break under a tree drawing his design for a new spaceship. He heard the bell at the end of the break, but could not make himself leave. Surely Mrs. Carl, his teacher, would understand why he was late when she saw his wonderful idea, he thought. An hour later, David walked back to his classroom. “Where have you been, David? I sent the monitor to look for you.” Mrs. Carl said. “I’m sorry, but I just had to finish this spaceship design,” said David as he tried to show Mrs. Carl his drawing. “But we had a special guest speaker this afternoon, an airplane pilot who talked about his job. He just finished his speech and left.” Mrs. Carl explained. David’s smile fell, along with his heart. “I forgot! I missed him? I can’t believe I missed a real airplane pilot.” David hung his head in disappointment. “I missed the best part of school for the whole year.” he said to himself. “Lesson learned?” his teacher said. David nodded, and then he took his seat, putting his drawing away in his desk. 24. David wanted to be ________. A. an artist B. a teacher C. an airplane pilot D. a spaceship designer 25. Mrs. Carl asked the monitor to look for David ________ A. finish his design B. listen to a speech C prepare for a report D. share his wonderful idea 26. How did David feel at the end of the story? A. Relaxed. B. Pleased. C. Nervous. D. Regretful. B Laughter is a social emotion, so we’re 30 times more likely to laugh if there is somebody else with us than if we’re on our own. We laugh to show that we agree with what someone says; that we remember the same thing that we’re talking about. People will also use laughter to try and mask other emotions. People will laugh to try and pretend they’re not upset, or embarrassed or in pain. People will use laughter to get other people to do things. If you get someone laughing, they will tell you more about themselves. Laughter can sometimes feel contagious (有感染力的). You can probably think of occasions when you’ve been watching television or listening to the radio, maybe it’s been broadcast live, and the presenter or presenters start to get the giggles (咯咯的笑). If you chuckle, the contagion is working. And it’s called behaviourally contagious phenomena (现象), which are things you can catch from somebody else just because they’re doing them. You might have noticed this happens with yawning, it happens a lot with laughter. As you know, there are lots of health benefits from laughing. You are more relaxed when you laugh. So as soon as you start laughing, you get a reduction in adrenaline (肾上腺素). You also get an increased uptake of the body’s naturally circulating endorphin (内啡肽). Now, that is because you do quite a lot of exercise at your ribcage (胸腔) when you laugh. It’s exactly the same as a runner’s high or the good feeling you get after exercising. And interestingly, that’s true of laughter even if you’ve completely pretended to laugh. Unluckily, laughter can also have a darker side. When we laugh ha-ha-ha, breathing out, we do squeezes with ribcage. These big squeezes, particularly if you’re laughing really hard, are quite stressful for your heart and your lungs and that can mean if you have some sort of problem with your heart or your lungs or your blood vessels, you can put them under more strain. And throughout history, there are examples of people who have died of laughing. So if you want to get your endorphin going, you can start by laughing out loud. 27. You laugh to ________ while your friend states his team beat your favourite one excitedly. A. feel much comfortable B. ask for more information C. pretend you’re not upset D. show your congratulations 28. The second paragraph is mainly about ________. A. why humans laugh B. what laughter means C. when humans need to laugh D. how laughter affects one’s emotion 29. What do we know from the passage? A. Real laughing influences one’s health much more. B. You’re likely to keep calm while a TV presenter is laughing. C. Laughing hard is possibly harmful to patients with heart illness. D. You're hardly able to get the same feeling from laughing as exercising. C Why do we do the things we do? What drives our behavior? Psychologists have suggested different ways of thinking about motivation（动机）, including looking at whether motivation arises from outside（extrinsic）or inside（intrinsic）a person. Researchers have found that each type has a different effect on a person’s behavior and efforts to achieve goals. To better understand the influence of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on human behavior, it would help to learn how each type works. Extrinsic motivation is when you are motivated to perform a behavior or take part in an activity because you want to get a reward （奖赏）or avoid punishment. You will take action not because you enjoy it but because you expect to get something in return or avoid something unpleasant. Intrinsic motivation is when you decide to do something because you find it satisfying. You are performing an activity for what it is not because you are after some external（外部的）reward. The behavior itself is its own reward. Studies have shown that offering too many external rewards for an already internally rewarding behavior can reduce intrinsic motivation—which is known as the over justification（奖励过当）effect. For example, in a 2008 study, children who were rewarded for playing with a toy they had already expressed interest in playing with became less interested in the toy after being externally rewarded. This is not to suggest that extrinsic motivation is a bad thing—it can be beneficial in some situations. For example, extrinsic motivation can be especially helpful when a person needs to complete a task that they find unpleasant. Most people would accept that intrinsic motivation is best, but it is not always possible in every situation. Sometimes a person simply has no internal wish to join in an activity. Both extrinsic and intrinsic motivation play a key role in learning. Experts have argued that education’s traditional stress on external rewards （such as grades, report cards, and gold stars）undermines any intrinsic motivation that students might already have. However, others have suggested that extrinsic motivators can help students feel more knowledgeable in the classroom, which in turn builds up their intrinsic motivation. As professor David Myers put it, a person5s interest often survives when a reward is used neither to bribe（贿赂）nor to control but to show a job well done, as in a “most improved player” award. Put simply, rewards, rightly given, can increase enjoyment and motivate high performance. Understanding how each type of motivation works and when it is likely to be useful can help people perform tasks and improve their learning. 30. You do something out of intrinsic motivation when you ________. A. do schoolwork to get a good grade B. work on a subject you find interesting C. take part in a sport to receive recognition D. clean your room to avoid criticism from your parents 31. Why does the writer mention the 2008 study in Paragraph 5? A. To explain the benefits of offering toys as rewards. B. To prove external rewards can influence one5s interest. C. To introduce how intrinsic motivation works in children. D To stress the importance of understanding intrinsic motivation. 32 The word “undermines” in Paragraph 8 means ________. A. weakens B. separates C. improves D. encourages 33. The writer probably agrees that ________. A. extrinsic motivation is key to one’s achievement B. intrinsic motivation has little to do with enjoying a task C. properly-given rewards can encourage further improvement D. offering rewards of any kind takes the fun out of an activity 四、阅读短文回答问题（34-36 题，每题2分；37题4分。共10分） 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 It is the night before handing in the report, and Emily Regan still has to research and write the ten-page paper. Emily’s problem is procrastination (拖延症). She has waited to do her work until the very last second and now she is stressed and has to work through the night to complete her paper. Procrastination is a problem for many students, but it does not have to be. Instead of waiting to start your homework until just before the deadline, you can follow these simple steps to avoid procrastination. First, do a little bit every day rather than all at once. For example, in Emily’s case, she could have spent 30 minutes a day working on that research paper and divided her work into parts. One week could have been spent doing research, one week writing an outline, one week writing the first draft (初稿), and the final week could have been spent finalizing the paper. Then, schedule (安排) that study time into your daily life. Treat your work like any other fun activities you have. Remember, you are the boss and it is up to you to follow your schedule. Be responsible for yourself and do not make any other plans during the time you have set aside that will prevent you from doing your work. Once you have organized your time in this way, it is important to find a place to work where there are few distractions (干扰). For example, if you are writing a paper, do not go on the Internet to check your email or see who else is online, and do not stay in a room where there is a TV. Instead, focus on the work you planned for that time. Then you can reward (奖励) yourself for your hard work by doing whatever you want—emailing, chatting with friends, or watching television. You will probably enjoy yourself more because you will not have the work hanging over your head and stressing you out. Although procrastination is a common mistake that many students make, do not put yourself in Emily’s shoes and leave work until the last minute. It is easy to make some simple changes in the way you work to prevent it from happening. 34. What does Emily Regan have to do the night before handing in the report? _____________________________________ 35. What is the first thing you can do to avoid procrastination? _____________________________________ 36. How can you reward yourself for your hard work? _____________________________________ 37. What do you think of procrastination? What do you suggest people do to avoid procrastination? (List at least two ways) _____________________________________ 五、文段表达（10分） 38. 沟通是春天的暖流，充满渴望；沟通是夏天的骄阳，炽热无比；沟通是秋天的大雁，盼望南飞；沟通是冬天的火炉，温暖人间。 某英文网站正在开展以“沟通(Communication)”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你日常生活中最喜欢和谁沟通，你喜欢和他/她（们）都沟通哪些事情，以及你有什么收获。 提示词语：school life, difficulties, problems, cheer up, advice 提示问题： ● Who do you communicate with most in your daily life? ● What do you often talk about with him/her? ● What benefits have you got from communication? As we know, communication is very important for our growth. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024-2025学年北京五中分校九年级（上）第一次月考英语试卷 一、单项填空（共6分，每小题0.5分） 1. My sister loves music very much and ________ dream is to be a singer. A. she B. he C. her D. his 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：我妹妹非常喜欢音乐，她的梦想是成为一名歌手。 考查代词辨析。she她；he他；her她，她的；his他的。根据“My sister loves music very much”以及“dream is to be a singer.”可知，此处使用形容词性物主代词修饰其后名词，主语“my sister”是女性，所以用her。故选C。 2. Street cats often hide under cars to keep warm ________ winter. A. in B. on C. until D. to 【答案】A 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】句意：冬天，流浪猫经常躲在车下取暖。 考查介词辨析。in用于表示一段时间，或用于年、月、日、世纪、四季或泛指一天的上午、下午、晚上等；on表示“在具体的某一天”或“（在具体的某一天的）早上、中午、晚上”等；until直到；to表示方向，意为“到某地”或“朝、向”。由后面的winter可知此处指的是“在冬天”，因此用介词in，故选A。 3. Tony couldn’t go to the concert with us ________ he was busy with his work. A. or B. because C. so D. but 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：托尼不能和我们一起去听音乐会，因为他忙于工作。 考查连词辨析。or或者；because因为；so所以；but但是。根据“Tony couldn’t go to the concert with us”和“he was busy with his work.”可知，前后是因果关系，并且后面是前面的原因。故选B。 4. —________ do you play basketball with your classmates, Tom? —Three times a week. A. How long B. How often C. How much D. How soon 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——汤姆，你多久和同学一起打一次篮球？——一周三次。 考查特殊疑问句。how long多长时间；how often多久一次；how much多少；how soon多快。根据“Three times a week.”可知此处询问打篮球的频率，应用how often。故选B。 5. The Dragon Boat Festival is one of ________ traditional festivals in China. A. old B. older C. oldest D. the oldest 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：端午节是中国最古老的传统节日之一。 考查最高级。one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词，表示“最……之一”，故此空应填the oldest，故选D。 6 —________ you give me a hand? I can't move the box by myself. —No problem. A. Could B. Should C. Must D. Need 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你能帮我一下吗？我自己搬不动这个箱子。——没问题。 本题考查情态动词。could能，should应该，must必须，need需要。根据I can't move the box by myself可知，我自己搬不动这个箱子，因此请求别人帮助，Could you do sth？你能做某事吗？表示委婉地请求。故选A。 7. —Hi, Betty! Mrs. Li called and ______ us to her new house just now. —Great, I will go. A. invited B. invites C. will invite D. has invited 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——嗨，贝蒂！李太太刚才打电话邀请我们去她的新房子。 ——太好了，我会去的。 考查一般过去时。根据句子中的just now可知，句子时态是一般过去时，谓语用动词过去式表示。故选A。 8. —Let’s play football with David. How about calling him? —David ________ for tomorrow’s competition at home. Please don’t trouble him. A. prepares B. is preparing C. has prepared D. prepared 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——让我们和David踢足球吧。给他打个电话怎么样？——David正在家里为明天的比赛做准备。请不要打扰他。 考查时态。根据“for tomorrow’s competition at home. Please don’t trouble him.”可知此处指说话时David正在为明天的比赛做准备，句子用现在进行时be doing。故选B。 9. Mr. Wang has left for Guangzhou. He ________a speech there in two days. A. gives B. gave C. will give D. has given 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：王先生已经出发去广州了，他两天后会在那里演讲。 考查动词时态。in+一段时间表示“在多长时间之后”，因此要用一般将来时。故选C。 10. Tina and Tom ________ with a Chinese family for three years. They are used to the life there. A. live B. have lived C. are living D. will live 【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】句意：Tina和Tom和一个中国家庭一起住了三年了。他们习惯了那里的生活。 考查动词时态。live居住，是一个动词。根据句意和句中的“for three years”可知，这里表示从过去一直到现在的动作，应用现在完成时，故选B。 11. —What were you doing when it started to rain yesterday? —I ________ the piano at home. A. play B. played C. was playing D. will play 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——昨天开始下雨的时候你正在做什么？——我在家里弹钢琴。 考查动词时态。根据“What were you doing when it started to rain yesterday?”可知，设空处是问昨天开始下雨的时候正在进行的动作，因此为过去进行时。故选C。 12. —Do you know ________? —Next Sunday morning. A. when will we visit the Science Museum B. when we will visit the Science Museum C. when did we visit the Science Museum D. when we visited the Science Museum 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你知道我们什么时候参观科学博物馆吗？——下周日早上。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句遵循“陈述语序”，可排除AC选项；根据“Next Sunday morning.”可知，事情发生在将来，从句需用一般将来时。故选B。 二、完形填空（共8分，每小题8分） I almost messed up “big time”. My 5-year-old son and I were coming back from school when we saw a(n) ____13____ man on the side of the road. I wanted to give the man some money, but I didn’t have any cash(现金). My son Justus noticed the man as well. And then it happened... Justus insisted on giving the man the 30 cents he had in his pocket. I was more than happy that he wanted to do this with ____14____ . But honestly I was hesitant(犹豫不决的), I didn’t want to give this man who clearly needed all the help he could get, just 30 cents. My own pride and thoughts of the homeless man’s unknown reaction(反应) to ____15____ just two coins were standing in the way. I quickly realized that I was the only problem in this situation. I almost told my son what he had wasn’t enough by my inaction. I almost showed him that what he saw as a good thing, and was in fact a good thing, wasn’t good enough to make a ____16____ in someone’s life. I almost taught him that pride was more important than helping another human. Thank goodness I quickly dropped that foolishness. I then rolled down the window and said, “I’m sorry, man. I don’t have any cash on me, but my son back here wants to give you everything he ____17____ right now. He just turned five.” The smile on that man’s face lit up the crossroad and he said to Justus, “Thank you so much!” The only thing that ____18____ the brightness of that stranger’s smile after that moment was... the bigger smile on my boy’s face! I also believed that a chain reaction of ____19____ started behind us that day, as other people rolled down their windows to help him, too. My little boy, without even ____20____ it, reminded me once again by his actions that it was always about the heart. It doesn’t matter how much you have or how little; giving in love and sincerity is very important. 13. A. old B. strange C. ordinary D. homeless 14. A. joy B. surprise C. curiosity D. patience 15. A. losing B. receiving C. keeping D. finding 16. A. promise B. decision C. difference D. wish 17. A. believes B. wants C. has D. knows 18. A. matched B. lightened C. explained D. described 19. A. confidence B. kindness C. trust D. courage 20. A. refusing B. recognizing C. remembering D. realizing 【答案】13. D 14. A 15. B 16. C 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要通过儿子对一个流浪汉的善举让作者感悟到：给予爱和真诚是非常重要的。 【13题详解】 句意：我和5岁的儿子放学回来时，我们看到路边有一个无家可归的人。 old老的；strange奇怪的；ordinary普通的；homeless无家可归的；根据“My own pride and thoughts of the homeless man’s unknown reaction”可知，看到了一位“无家可归的人”，故选D。 【14题详解】 句意：我非常高兴他能高兴地做这件事。 joy高兴，喜悦；surprise吃惊；curiosity好奇心；patience耐心；根据“Justus insisted on giving the man the 30 cents he had in his pocket.”可知，儿子坚持要做这件事情，因此他是高兴这样做的，故选A。 【15题详解】 句意：我自己的骄傲和对流浪汉在收到两枚硬币后的未知反应的想法阻碍了我。 losing失去；receiving收到；keeping保持；finding发现；根据“Justus insisted on giving the man the 30 cents he had in his pocket.”以及“just two coins”可知，流浪汉会收到两枚硬币，故选B。 【16题详解】 句意：我差点让他明白，他眼中的好事，事实上确实是好事，并没有好到足以改变某人的生活。 promise承诺；decision决定；difference差别；wish祝愿；根据“what he saw as a good thing, and was in fact a good thing, wasn’t good enough to make a...in someone’s life.”可知，此处是make a difference in sth“在……方面有区别，对……产生影响”，故选C。 【17题详解】 句意：但我儿子现在想把他的一切都给你。 believes相信；wants想要；has有；knows知道；根据“Justus insisted on giving the man the 30 cents he had in his pocket.”可知，儿子想要给这个人他所有的钱，故选C。 【18题详解】 句意：在那一刻之后，唯一能与那个陌生人的笑容相匹配的是……我儿子脸上露出更灿烂的笑容！ matched匹配；lightened减轻；explained解释；described描述；根据“the brightness of that stranger’s smile after that moment was... the bigger smile on my boy’s face!”可知，陌生人脸上的笑容与儿子脸上的笑容相匹配，故选A。 【19题详解】 句意：我还相信，那一天，我们身后也开始了一连串的善意反应，其他人也摇下车窗来帮助他。 confidence信心；kindness善良；trust相信；courage勇气；根据“as other people rolled down their windows to help him, too.”可知，作者的善良的行为之后是一连串的善意反应，故选B。 【20题详解】 句意：我的小男孩，甚至没有意识到，用他的行动再次提醒我，这永远是心的问题。 refusing拒绝；recognizing认出；remembering记住；realizing意识到；根据“reminded me once again by his actions that it was always about the heart.”可知，儿子没有意识到自己的行为对作者的触动，故选D。 三、阅读理解（共26分，每小题6分）阅读下面每本书的内容介绍，根据人物的喜好为他们推荐图书，并将每本书所对应的A、B、C.D选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。 阅读下面每本书的内容介绍，根据人物的喜好为他们推荐图书，并将每本书所对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。 ____21____ I want to learn about the great people in human history who have explored (探索) the universe. Tony ____22____ I enjoy stories about friendship and personal growth. Betty ____23____ I am interested in music and love reading stories about musicians. Lily A. SHOOT YOUR SHOT This book teaches you about the most important rules that the best basketball players use in their lives. It explains how the rules can help you get through life and make your dreams come true. B. SPACE Only 628 people in the history of humans have been to space. In this book, an astronaut named Tim Peake tells their stories. They are all brave and amazing people who have made it possible for us to go to space. C. LISTEN Evelyn fell in love with music the first time she heard it. She started playing the piano at the age of eight. Later, she began to lose her hearing, but Evelyn didn’t give up. She discovered a new way to hear and made beautiful music. D. ROLLER GIRL Astrid and Nicole are best friends. But things change when Astrid chooses roller derby camp, and Nicole picks dance camp. This situation tests their friendship. Luckily, by summer’s end, they learn that true friends cheer each other on while trying now activities. 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了人物的喜好，要求为他们推荐图书。 【21题详解】 根据“I want to learn about the great people in human history who have explored the universe”可知，托尼想了解探索宇宙的历史伟人，选项B“人类历史上只有628人去过太空。在这本书中，一位名叫蒂姆·皮克的宇航员告诉了他们的故事。他们都是勇敢而了不起的人，让我们有可能去太空。”符合。故选B。 【22题详解】 根据“I enjoy stories about friendship and personal growth”可知，贝蒂喜欢关于友谊和个人成长的故事，选项D“阿斯特丽德和妮可是最好的朋友。但当阿斯特丽德选择轮滑德比训练营，妮可选择舞蹈训练营时，情况发生了变化。这种情况考验了他们的友谊。幸运的是，到夏天结束时，他们知道真正的朋友在尝试现在的活动时会互相鼓励。”符合。故选D。 【23题详解】 根据“I am interested in music and love reading stories about musicians”可知，莉莉对音乐感兴趣并喜欢读关于音乐家的故事，选项C“伊夫林第一次听到音乐就爱上了它。她八岁开始弹钢琴。后来，她开始失去听力，但伊夫林并没有放弃。她发现了一种新的聆听方式，并创作了优美的音乐。”符合。故选C。 （二）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 A Coming Back to Earth David loved everything about flying. He wanted to be an airplane pilot one day. He made planes out of paper, and he drew cartoons about space travel. David became so involved in his air travel projects that he often forgot the time. Sometimes he forgot to do his homework. Once, he was late in preparing his part of a group report. As a result, all three students in his group got low grades. “I’m sorry, but look at this fantastic model of a seaplane I made!” David said. One day at school, David spent his lunch break under a tree drawing his design for a new spaceship. He heard the bell at the end of the break, but could not make himself leave. Surely Mrs. Carl, his teacher, would understand why he was late when she saw his wonderful idea, he thought. An hour later, David walked back to his classroom. “Where have you been, David? I sent the monitor to look for you.” Mrs. Carl said. “I’m sorry, but I just had to finish this spaceship design,” said David as he tried to show Mrs. Carl his drawing. “But we had a special guest speaker this afternoon, an airplane pilot who talked about his job. He just finished his speech and left.” Mrs. Carl explained. David’s smile fell, along with his heart. “I forgot! I missed him? I can’t believe I missed a real airplane pilot.” David hung his head in disappointment. “I missed the best part of school for the whole year.” he said to himself. “Lesson learned?” his teacher said. David nodded, and then he took his seat, putting his drawing away in his desk. 24. David wanted to be ________. A. an artist B. a teacher C. an airplane pilot D. a spaceship designer 25. Mrs. Carl asked the monitor to look for David ________ A. finish his design B. listen to a speech C. prepare for a report D. share his wonderful idea 26. How did David feel at the end of the story? A. Relaxed. B. Pleased. C. Nervous. D. Regretful. 【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了一个小男孩为自己的爱好而耽误上课，错过了他最喜欢的课，经过老师的教育明白了要脚踏实地，不能好高骛远。 24题详解】 细节理解题。根据“He wanted to be an airplane pilot one day.”可知，他想有一天成为一名飞行员。故选C。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据“But we had a special guest speaker this afternoon, an airplane pilot who talked about his job. He just finished his speech and left.”可知，老师让班长去找他是为了让他听演讲。故选B。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据“I missed the best part of school for the whole year”可知，他错过了那个演讲，所以他应该很后悔。故选D。 B Laughter is a social emotion, so we’re 30 times more likely to laugh if there is somebody else with us than if we’re on our own. We laugh to show that we agree with what someone says; that we remember the same thing that we’re talking about. People will also use laughter to try and mask other emotions. People will laugh to try and pretend they’re not upset, or embarrassed or in pain. People will use laughter to get other people to do things. If you get someone laughing, they will tell you more about themselves. Laughter can sometimes feel contagious (有感染力的). You can probably think of occasions when you’ve been watching television or listening to the radio, maybe it’s been broadcast live, and the presenter or presenters start to get the giggles (咯咯的笑). If you chuckle, the contagion is working. And it’s called behaviourally contagious phenomena (现象), which are things you can catch from somebody else just because they’re doing them. You might have noticed this happens with yawning, it happens a lot with laughter. As you know, there are lots of health benefits from laughing. You are more relaxed when you laugh. So as soon as you start laughing, you get a reduction in adrenaline (肾上腺素). You also get an increased uptake of the body’s naturally circulating endorphin (内啡肽). Now, that is because you do quite a lot of exercise at your ribcage (胸腔) when you laugh. It’s exactly the same as a runner’s high or the good feeling you get after exercising. And interestingly, that’s true of laughter even if you’ve completely pretended to laugh. Unluckily, laughter can also have a darker side. When we laugh ha-ha-ha, breathing out, we do squeezes with ribcage. These big squeezes, particularly if you’re laughing really hard, are quite stressful for your heart and your lungs and that can mean if you have some sort of problem with your heart or your lungs or your blood vessels, you can put them under more strain. And throughout history, there are examples of people who have died of laughing. So if you want to get your endorphin going, you can start by laughing out loud. 27 You laugh to ________ while your friend states his team beat your favourite one excitedly. A. feel much comfortable B. ask for more information C. pretend you’re not upset D. show your congratulations 28 The second paragraph is mainly about ________. A. why humans laugh B. what laughter means C. when humans need to laugh D. how laughter affects one’s emotion 29. What do we know from the passage? A. Real laughing influences one’s health much more. B. You’re likely to keep calm while a TV presenter is laughing. C. Laughing hard is possibly harmful to patients with heart illness. D. You're hardly able to get the same feeling from laughing as exercising. 【答案】27. C 28. A 29. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了大笑的好处和坏处。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“People will laugh to try and pretend they’re not upset, or embarrassed or in pain.”可知，人们会笑着假装他们不难过，不尴尬，不痛苦。由此可推测出，当你的朋友兴奋地说他的球队击败了你最喜欢的球队时，你笑着假装自己并不沮丧。故选C。 【28题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段内容“We laugh to show that we agree with what someone says; that we remember the same thing that we’re talking about. People will also use laughter to try and mask other emotions. People will laugh to try and pretend they’re not upset, or embarrassed or in pain. People will use laughter to get other people to do things. If you get someone laughing, they will tell you more about themselves.”可知，本段主要讲述了为什么人们会大笑。故选A。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“These big squeezes, particularly if you’re laughing really hard, are quite stressful for your heart and your lungs and that can mean if you have some sort of problem with your heart or your lungs or your blood vessels, you can put them under more strain.”可知，大笑可能对心脏病患者有害。故选C。 C Why do we do the things we do? What drives our behavior? Psychologists have suggested different ways of thinking about motivation（动机）, including looking at whether motivation arises from outside（extrinsic）or inside（intrinsic）a person. Researchers have found that each type has a different effect on a person’s behavior and efforts to achieve goals. To better understand the influence of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on human behavior, it would help to learn how each type works. Extrinsic motivation is when you are motivated to perform a behavior or take part in an activity because you want to get a reward （奖赏）or avoid punishment. You will take action not because you enjoy it, but because you expect to get something in return or avoid something unpleasant. Intrinsic motivation is when you decide to do something because you find it satisfying. You are performing an activity for what it is not because you are after some external（外部的）reward. The behavior itself is its own reward. Studies have shown that offering too many external rewards for an already internally rewarding behavior can reduce intrinsic motivation—which is known as the over justification（奖励过当）effect. For example, in a 2008 study, children who were rewarded for playing with a toy they had already expressed interest in playing with became less interested in the toy after being externally rewarded. This is not to suggest that extrinsic motivation is a bad thing—it can be beneficial in some situations. For example, extrinsic motivation can be especially helpful when a person needs to complete a task that they find unpleasant. Most people would accept that intrinsic motivation is best, but it is not always possible in every situation. Sometimes a person simply has no internal wish to join in an activity. Both extrinsic and intrinsic motivation play a key role in learning. Experts have argued that education’s traditional stress on external rewards （such as grades, report cards, and gold stars）undermines any intrinsic motivation that students might already have. However, others have suggested that extrinsic motivators can help students feel more knowledgeable in the classroom, which in turn builds up their intrinsic motivation. As professor David Myers put it, a person5s interest often survives when a reward is used neither to bribe（贿赂）nor to control but to show a job well done, as in a “most improved player” award. Put simply, rewards, rightly given, can increase enjoyment and motivate high performance. Understanding how each type of motivation works and when it is likely to be useful can help people perform tasks and improve their learning. 30. You do something out of intrinsic motivation when you ________. A. do schoolwork to get a good grade B. work on a subject you find interesting C. take part in a sport to receive recognition D. clean your room to avoid criticism from your parents 31. Why does the writer mention the 2008 study in Paragraph 5? A. To explain the benefits of offering toys as rewards. B. To prove external rewards can influence one5s interest. C. To introduce how intrinsic motivation works in children. D. To stress the importance of understanding intrinsic motivation. 32. The word “undermines” in Paragraph 8 means ________. A. weakens B. separates C. improves D. encourages 33. The writer probably agrees that ________. A. extrinsic motivation is key to one’s achievement B. intrinsic motivation has little to do with enjoying a task C properly-given rewards can encourage further improvement D. offering rewards of any kind takes the fun out of an activity 【答案】30. B 31. B 32. A 33. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了内在动机和外在动机对人类行为的影响。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据文中“Intrinsic motivation is when you decide to do something because you find it satisfying. You are performing an activity for what it is not because you are after some external reward. The behavior itself is its own reward.”可知，内在动机是当你决定做某件事，因为你觉得它令人满意，你正在进行一项活动，而不是因为你在追求一些外部奖励，这种行为本身就是一种回报，所以选项B“研究一个你觉得有趣的主题”是出于内在动力，故选B。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中“Studies have shown that offering too many external rewards for an already internally rewarding behavior can reduce intrinsic motivation—which is known as the over justification effect.”可知，作者提到2008年的研究是为了证明外部奖励可以影响一个人的兴趣，故选B。 【32题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文中“Experts have argued that education’s traditional stress on external rewards…undermines any intrinsic motivation…”和“However, others have suggested that extrinsic motivators can help students…which in turn builds up their intrinsic motivation.”可知，undermines 应与builds up相反意义，意为“减弱，破坏”，与weakens同义，故选A。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中“Put simply, rewards, rightly given, can increase enjoyment and motivate high performance.”可知，适当的奖励可以鼓励进一步的进步，故选C。 四、阅读短文回答问题（34-36 题，每题2分；37题4分。共10分） 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 It is the night before handing in the report, and Emily Regan still has to research and write the ten-page paper. Emily’s problem is procrastination (拖延症). She has waited to do her work until the very last second and now she is stressed and has to work through the night to complete her paper. Procrastination is a problem for many students, but it does not have to be. Instead of waiting to start your homework until just before the deadline, you can follow these simple steps to avoid procrastination. First, do a little bit every day rather than all at once. For example, in Emily’s case, she could have spent 30 minutes a day working on that research paper and divided her work into parts. One week could have been spent doing research, one week writing an outline, one week writing the first draft (初稿), and the final week could have been spent finalizing the paper. Then, schedule (安排) that study time into your daily life. Treat your work like any other fun activities you have. Remember, you are the boss and it is up to you to follow your schedule. Be responsible for yourself and do not make any other plans during the time you have set aside that will prevent you from doing your work. Once you have organized your time in this way, it is important to find a place to work where there are few distractions (干扰). For example, if you are writing a paper, do not go on the Internet to check your email or see who else is online, and do not stay in a room where there is a TV. Instead, focus on the work you planned for that time. Then you can reward (奖励) yourself for your hard work by doing whatever you want—emailing, chatting with friends, or watching television. You will probably enjoy yourself more because you will not have the work hanging over your head and stressing you out. Although procrastination is a common mistake that many students make, do not put yourself in Emily’s shoes and leave work until the last minute. It is easy to make some simple changes in the way you work to prevent it from happening. 34. What does Emily Regan have to do the night before handing in the report? _____________________________________ 35. What is the first thing you can do to avoid procrastination? _____________________________________ 36. How can you reward yourself for your hard work? _____________________________________ 37. What do you think of procrastination? What do you suggest people do to avoid procrastination? (List at least two ways) _____________________________________ 【答案】34. She has to research and write the ten-page paper. 35. Do a little bit every day rather than all at once. 36. By doing whatever we want-emailing, chatting with friends, or watching television. 37. 根据个人想法作答，表述清楚，语句正确即可，答案不唯一。参考答案为：I think it’s bad for our study and life. We can make plans first. Then try hard to do what we should do immediately. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了什么是拖延症以及避免拖延症的方法。 【34题详解】 根据“It is the night before handing in the report, and Emily Regan still has to research and write the ten-page paper.”可知，交报告的前一天晚上，艾米丽·里根仍然要研究和写十页的论文。故填She has to research and write the ten-page paper. 【35题详解】 根据“First, do a little bit every day rather than all at once.”可知，首先是每天做一点点，而不是一次做完。故填Do a little bit every day rather than all at once. 【36题详解】 根据“Then you can reward (奖励) yourself for your hard work by doing whatever you want—emailing, chatting with friends, or watching television.”可知，你可以通过做任何你想做的事情来奖励自己的努力工作——发电子邮件，和朋友聊天，或者看电视。故填By doing whatever we want-emailing, chatting with friends, or watching television. 【37题详解】 开放题，答案不唯一。参考答案为：I think it’s bad for our study and life. We can make plans first. Then try hard to do what we should do immediately. 五、文段表达（10分） 38. 沟通是春天的暖流，充满渴望；沟通是夏天的骄阳，炽热无比；沟通是秋天的大雁，盼望南飞；沟通是冬天的火炉，温暖人间。 某英文网站正在开展以“沟通(Communication)”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你日常生活中最喜欢和谁沟通，你喜欢和他/她（们）都沟通哪些事情，以及你有什么收获。 提示词语：school life, difficulties, problems, cheer up, advice 提示问题： ● Who do you communicate with most in your daily life? ● What do you often talk about with him/her? ● What benefits have you got from communication? As we know, communication is very important for our growth. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 As we know, communication is very important for our growth. I often communicate with my friends in my daily life. We talk about our studies, our lives and so on. I think the most useful skill to communicate better is to respect others. Last year I went travelling with my good friend. When we made the plan, we disagreed. We argued about it because I thought he should follow my advice. Later, I thought about it and realized that his advice was actually pretty good. We should respect each other. I said sorry to him and then we had a good trip. In my opinion, everyone should learn how to get on well with others. We should learn to listen and understand others. We should also respect others politely. 【解析】 【详解】1.题干解读：题目要求以“沟通(Communication)”为主题写一篇英语短文，短文内容包括最喜欢和谁沟通，都沟通哪些事情，以及有什么收获。可适当发挥。 2.写作指导：本文主要以第一人称写作，时态为一般现在时和一般过去时。写作时要认真审题，根据提示的内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作；可以围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等；语言的表述要符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯；层次要分明、条理要清晰。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $