Unit 1 单元基础知识（单词、短语、句子）过关综合训练 - 2025-2026学年沪教版（2024）英语八年级上册

Unit 1 单元基础知识（单词、短语、句子）过关综合训练 一、单项选择。 1．Although she spends most of her time on science, she ________ painting and has won several awards. A．is good for B．is talented in C．is responsible for D．is worried about 【答案】B 【详解】句意：尽管她大部分时间都在搞科学，但她很擅长绘画，并且获得过几次奖。 考查动词短语。is good for对……有益；is talented in在……有天赋；is responsible for对……负责；is worried about为……担忧。根据“has won several awards”可知此处强调绘画方面的天赋。故选B。 2．The boy’s ________ surprised everyone when he solved the difficult math problem in just two minutes. A．talent B．intelligence C．courage D．patience 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当这个男孩在两分钟内解出这道难的数学题时，他的智力让所有人都感到惊讶。 考查名词辨析。talent天赋（侧重某方面的特殊才能）；intelligence智力（指理解、学习和解决问题的能力）；courage勇气；patience耐心。根据“solved the difficult math problem”可知，快速解出难题体现的是智力，而非单一领域的天赋。故选B。 3．The new movie ________ changed her idea about science fiction—she used to think it was boring. A．completely B．gradually C．suddenly D．hardly 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这部新电影完全改变了她对科幻小说的看法——她过去认为它很无聊。 考查副词辨析。completely完全地；gradually逐渐地；suddenly突然地；hardly几乎不。根据“she used to think it was boring”可知，她过去认为科幻小说很无聊，结合“changed her idea about science fiction”可推断，这部电影应该是完全改变了她对科幻小说的看法，所以completely符合语境。故选A。 4．Dogs and wolves ________ each other because they come from the same family of animals. A．are related to B．are angry with C．are famous for D．are interested in 【答案】A 【详解】句意：狗和狼彼此相关，因为它们来自同一个动物家族。 考查动词短语辨析。are related to与……相关/有亲缘关系；are angry with对……生气；are famous for因……出名；are interested in对……感兴趣。根据题干“because they come from the same family of animals”可知，狗和狼有亲缘关系。故选A。 5．The city plans to reduce traffic jams by encouraging people to use public ________ like buses and subways. A．roads B．signals C．rules D．vehicles 【答案】D 【详解】句意：市政府计划通过鼓励人们使用公共汽车和地铁等公共交通工具来减少交通堵塞。 考查名词辨析。roads道路；signals信号；rules规则；vehicles交通工具。根据“buses and subways”可知，此处指公共交通工具。故选D。 6．Let’s use the camera to ________ the beautiful moment of our graduation ceremony. A．remember B．record C．report D．repeat 【答案】B 【详解】句意：让我们用相机记录毕业典礼的美好时刻。 考查动词辨析。remember记得；record记录；report报道；repeat重复。根据“use the camera”和“beautiful moment”可知，强调用设备记录影像。故选B。 7．This story ________ the one I read last week. Both have a brave hero and an exciting ending. A．is similar to B．is famous for C．is good at D．is ready for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个故事和我上周读到的那个相似。两者都有一个勇敢的英雄和一个令人激动的结局。 考查形容词短语。is similar to与……相似；is famous for因……而闻名；is good at擅长；is ready for为……做好准备。根据“Both have a brave hero and an exciting ending.”可知，两个故事有相似之处。故选A。 8．Good communication ________ building strong friendships. We should learn to express ourselves clearly. A．plays an important role in B．takes pride in C．gets used to D．looks forward to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：良好的沟通在建立牢固的友谊方面起着重要作用。我们应该学会清晰地表达自己。 考查动词短语。plays an important role in在……中起重要作用；takes pride in以……为自豪；gets used to习惯于；looks forward to期待。根据“We should learn to express ourselves clearly.”可知良好的沟通在建立友谊方面起着重要作用。故选A。 9．My father bought a new ________ of the encyclopedia. It’s the 15th book in the series. A．item B．number C．amount D．volume 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我爸爸买了一册新的百科全书。它是这个系列中的第15本书。 考查名词词义辨析。item条目；number数字；amount数量；volume卷。由“It’s the 15th book in the series.”可知，此处指百科全书的“卷”，应用volume，符合语境。故选D。 10．The ________ opinion is that exercise helps keep healthy. A．general B．popular C．strange D．personal 【答案】A 【详解】句意：普遍观点认为锻炼有助于健康。 考查形容词辨析。general普遍的；popular流行的；strange奇怪的；personal个人的。根据“exercise helps keep healthy”和常识可知，锻炼有助于健康是一个大众认可的普遍观点。故选A。 11．The ________ of the old man made everyone in the village sad. A．die B．dead C．dying D．death 【答案】D 【详解】句意：那位老人的死让村里的每个人都很难过。 考查名词用法。die死，动词；dead死的，形容词；dying垂死的，形容词；death死亡，名词。根据“The...of the old man...”可知，空处使用名词，表示“老人的死”。故选D。 12．I spent ________ day cleaning my room yesterday. A．whole the B．the whole C．the all D．every 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨天我花了一整天打扫我的房间。 考查名词短语。whole the语序错误；the whole+ 单数名词，固定搭配，如the whole day“一整天”；the all不符合语法，“all”表示“全部”时，通常搭配为“all the day”或直接“all day”；every强调每个，如every day“每天”。根据“...day cleaning my room yesterday.”可知，此处强调一整天。故选B。 13．The teacher asked us to put the sentences in the right ________ to make a story. A．order B．place C．time D．way 【答案】A 【详解】句意：老师让我们把句子按正确的顺序排列，以组成一个故事。 考查名词辨析。order顺序；place位置；time时间；way方式。根据“put the sentences in the right... to make a story”可知，此处指将句子排成正确的顺序以组成故事。故选A。 14．In the old society (社会), many old people ________ cold in the countryside in winter. A．died of B．died from C．died away D．died out 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在旧社会，许多老人在冬天因寒冷而死在乡下。 考查动词短语。died of死于（疾病、衰老、寒冷等自身内在原因）；died from死于（事故、外伤、中毒等外部原因）；died away（声音、风、光线等）逐渐减弱；died out（物种、习俗、传统等）灭绝。根据“In the old society (社会), many old people...cold in the countryside in winter.”可知，cold“寒冷”是直接导致老人死亡的内在生理因素。故选A。 15．If you don’t know the meaning of this word, you can ________ in the dictionary. A．look it for B．look up it C．look for it D．look it up 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果你不知道这个单词的意思，你可以在词典里查一查。 考查动词短语。look for寻找；look up查阅。根据“you can…in the dictionary”可知此处是指查阅单词，应选用短语look up，当查阅的对象是代词时，代词要放在look和up中间。故选D。 16．The science project should ________ three parts: research, experiments, and a conclusion. A．collect B．separate C．include D．repeat 【答案】C 【详解】句意：科学项目应该包括三部分：研究、实验和结论。 考查动词辨析。collect收集；separate分离；include包括；repeat重复。根据“three parts: research, experiments, and a conclusion”可知此处是指项目包含的组成部分。故选C。 17．________ she will join the school art club, but she hasn’t decided yet. A．Certainly B．Finally C．Luckily D．Perhaps 【答案】D 【详解】句意：也许她会参加学校的艺术俱乐部，但她还没有决定。 考查副词辨析。Certainly当然；Finally最终；Luckily幸运地；Perhaps也许。根据“but she hasn’t decided yet.”可知，她并不确定是否要加入俱乐部，“perhaps”符合语境。故选D。 18．We should learn the ________ of looking up information. A．skills B．books C．dictionaries D．encyclopedias 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们应该学习查阅资料的技能。 考查名词辨析。skills技能；books书本；dictionaries词典；encyclopedias百科全书。根据“We should learn the...of looking up information.”可知，要学会的是“查阅资料”这一项技能。故选A。 19．—When you don’t know a word, what will you do? — I will ________ it up in a dictionary. A．look B．see C．watch D．read 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——当你不知道一个单词时，你会怎么做？——我会在字典里查它。 考查动词短语。look看；see看见；watch观看；read阅读。根据“it up in a dictionary”可知，是指查字典，用固定短语look up“查阅”。故选A。 20．Volunteers ______ an important role ______ helping those in need. A．play; on B．make; in C．play; in D．take; on 【答案】C 【详解】句意：志愿者在帮助那些需要帮助的人方面扮演着重要角色。 考查动词短语。“play an important role in”是固定搭配，意为“在……中起重要作用”，这里表示志愿者在帮助有需要的人方面起重要作用，C选项正确。故选C。 二、单词拼写。 1．She is a t singer and won the school music competition. 【答案】(t)alented 【详解】句意：她是一位有天赋的歌手，并且在学校的音乐比赛中获胜了。此空缺少形容词修饰名词singer，根据“won the school music competition.”及首字母可知，她在音乐比赛中获胜了，说明她是一位有天赋的歌手，talented“有天赋的”符合，故填(t)alented。 2．I can’t find my o pencil case, so I need to buy a new one. 【答案】(o)riginal 【详解】句意：我找不到原来的铅笔盒了，所以需要买一个新的。根据“so I need to buy a new one”可知，是指找不到原来的铅笔盒了，用形容词original“原来的，起初的”，作定语，修饰其后名词。故填(o)riginal。 3．These two dresses look s , but the price is different. 【答案】(s)imilar 【详解】句意：这两条连衣裙看起来很相似，但价格不一样。根据句中“but the price is different”的转折关系，可推断前半句应表达“看起来相似”的含义，且结合首字母“s”提示，符合语境的单词为“similar”。故填(s)imilar。 4．My dog is very i . It can understand many commands. 【答案】(i)ntelligent 【详解】句意：我的狗非常聪明。它能理解很多指令。根据“It can understand many commands.”和首字母提示可知，狗非常聪明，intelligent“聪明的”，在句中作表语。故填(i)ntelligent。 5．Our class plans to o a picnic in the park next weekend. 【答案】(o)rganize 【详解】句意：我们班计划下周末在公园组织一次野餐。根据“Our class plans to…a picnic in the park next weekend.”及首字母提示可知，此处表示“计划组织一次野餐”，organize表示“组织”，动词；空前有plan to do sth表示“计划做某事”，后接动词原形。故填(o)rganize。 6．Can you help me r the score of our basketball game? 【答案】(r)ecord 【详解】句意：你能帮我记录下我们篮球赛的比分吗？根据“the score of our basketball game”和首字母可知，此处指记录篮球赛的比分，应填动词record，help sb do sth“帮助某人做某事”，所以此处填省略to的动词不定式。故填(r)ecord。 7．Everyone felt sorry for the old cat’s d last month. 【答案】(d)eath 【详解】句意：大家都为上个月那只老猫的死亡感到难过。根据名词所有格“cat’s”及首字母提示可知，此处需用名词，“death”是名词，意为“死亡”，故填(d)eath。 8．The w class cheered when we won the football match. 【答案】(w)hole 【详解】句意：当我们赢得足球比赛时，全班都欢呼起来。根据“The w... class”可知，是指整个班级，用形容词whole“整个的”，作定语。故填(w)hole。 9．The little dog looked sad, and I could see its s . 【答案】(s)uffering 【详解】句意：小狗看起来很伤心，我能看到它的痛苦。根据“The little dog looked sad”和首字母可推断此处指的是小狗的痛苦。suffering意为“痛苦”，表示“身体或精神上的痛苦”这一整体抽象概念时，为不可数名词。故填(s)uffering。 10．Please put these books in o on the shelf so they are easy to find. 【答案】(o)rder 【详解】句意：请把这些书在书架上按顺序摆放，这样就容易找到了。根据“Please put these books in ... on the shelf so they are easy to find”以及首字母提示可知，此处指“按顺序”，order“顺序”，名词；“in order”是固定短语，意为“按顺序；整齐”。故填(o)rder。 11． (可能) he forgot to bring his homework to school. 【答案】Perhaps 【详解】句意：他可能忘了把作业带到学校。可能：perhaps，是副词，在句中作状语。故填Perhaps。 12．I write new English words in my (笔记本) every day. 【答案】notebook 【详解】句意：我每天在笔记本里写新单词。根据汉语提示，notebook“笔记本”，结合语境，此处应用单数形式。故填notebook。 13． (恐龙) lived on the earth a long time ago. 【答案】Dinosaurs 【详解】句意：恐龙在很久以前生活在地球上。根据汉语提示可知，恐龙“dinosaur”，因为表示一类生物，用复数“dinosaurs”表泛指，在句中作主语，句子开头首字母大写。故填Dinosaurs。 14．My grandfather always cooks delicious dishes for the (全部的) family. 【答案】whole 【详解】句意：我的祖父总是为全家人烹饪美味的菜肴。根据“the... family”可知，此处需要填入一个形容词表示“全部的”，且修饰名词family。“whole”符合语境，表示“整个的、全部的”。故填whole。 15．These photos (记录) the doctor’s unusual working experiences. 【答案】record 【详解】句意：这些照片记录了医生不同寻常的工作经历。根据汉语提示可知，record表示“记录”。主语是These photos（复数），描述客观事实，需用一般现在时。故填record。 16．I knocked on the door but (没有人) answered. 【答案】nobody 【详解】句意：我敲了门，但是没有人应答。根据汉语提示可知此处应填nobody“没有人”。故填nobody。 17．They often (组织) charity events for the children in need. 【答案】organize 【详解】句意：他们经常组织慈善活动帮助需要帮助的孩子。分析句式结构可知横线上为谓语动词，结合语境可知用一般现在时。“组织”为“organize”。故填organize。 18．The kids are (彻底地) out of control since their father left home. 【答案】completely 【详解】句意：孩子们自父亲离家后彻底失控了。completely“彻底地”，修饰形容词短语be out of control。故填completely。 19．He is very sad because of his dog’s (死亡). 【答案】death 【详解】句意：他因为他的狗的死亡感到非常悲伤。death“死亡”，名词作宾语。故填death。 20．Many famous (艺术家) took part in the concert. 【答案】artists 【详解】句意：许多著名的艺术家参加了音乐会。artist“艺术家”，有形容词many修饰，用复数名词，故填artists。 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．After the dog’s , the boy felt sad because his pet was . (die) 【答案】 death dead 【详解】句意：狗死后，男孩感到很伤心，因为他的宠物死了。第一空，此处需名词作主语，“death”是“die”的名词形式，意为“死亡”，前面有名词所有格“the dog’s”修饰，需用名词作介词“After”的宾语，所以填death； 第二空，此处需形容词作表语，“dead”是“die”的形容词形式，意为“死的；去世的”，在句中作系动词“was”的表语，用于描述宠物的状态（已死亡），所以第二空填dead。 故填death；dead。 2．An needs to have ideas to create beautiful works. (art) 【答案】 artist artistic 【详解】句意：一个艺术家需要有艺术的想法来创作美丽的作品。根据“An ... needs to have ... ideas”及所给词可知，是指艺术家需要有艺术的想法，An后跟名词单数artist“艺术家”；第二个空用形容词artistic“艺术的”，作定语，修饰名词ideas。故填artist；artistic。 3．She has a natural for painting, and everyone agrees she is a artist. (talent) 【答案】 talent talented 【详解】句意：她对绘画有天赋，而且每个人都认为她是个有天赋的艺术家。根据句子结构，第一空前有形容词natural“自然的”，形容词修饰名词，所以第一空应该填名词，括号内所给词talent“天赋”就是名词，符合句子结构，have a talent for是固定短语，意思是“对……有天赋”，所以第一空填talent；第二空后是名词artist“艺术家”，所以第二空应该填形容词修饰名词，talented“有天赋的”是形容词，符合句子结构。故填talent；talented。 4．I understand the plan, so I can the work on time. (complete) 【答案】 completely complete 【详解】句意：我完全理解这个计划，所以我能按时完成工作。第一空需用副词修饰动词“understand”，因此用complete的副词形式completely“完全地”；第二空情态动词“can”后用动词原形，因此用动词原形complete“完成”。故填completely；complete。 5．The meal will rice, vegetables, and chicken, your favorite fish. (include) 【答案】 include including 【详解】句意：这顿饭将包含米饭、蔬菜和鸡肉，还包括你最喜欢的鱼。空一will后面接动词原形，include“包含”，动词，作谓语，故此处应填include；空二根据“...vegetables, and chicken,...your favorite fish”可知，逗号后是补充说明部分，需用介词including连接。故填include；including。 6．I’m not thirsty so I don’t want to drink (something). 【答案】anything 【详解】句意：我不渴，所以我不想喝任何东西。“something”一般用于肯定句，“anything”用于否定句和疑问句，此句为否定句，“anything”在句中作动词“drink”的宾语。故填anything。 7．When people from illness, their families share their together. (suffer) 【答案】 suffer suffering 【详解】句意：当人们遭受疾病时，他们的家人会一起分担这份痛苦。第一空，“suffer”是动词，在“when”引导的时间状语从句中作谓语，“suffer from”是固定搭配，意为“遭受；患……病”。句子描述的是一般情况，主语“people”是复数，谓语动词用原形，所以填“suffer”。第二空，“suffering”是名词，意为“痛苦；苦难”，在句中作动词“share”的宾语，“their”修饰名词，所以填“suffering”。故填suffer；suffering。 8．Our teacher will a charity sale for the local next month. (organize) 【答案】 organize organization 【详解】句意：我们的老师将于下个月为当地的组织组织一场慈善义卖活动。空一处根据“will”可知，后应跟动词原形organize“组织”；空二处根据“the local”可知，应用名词形式organization“组织”。故填organize；organization。 9．The will edit the article before the new comes out. (edit) 【答案】 editor edition 【详解】句意：编辑将在新版本出版前编辑这篇文章。第一空，根据“The... will edit the article”可知，此处缺主语，指代人，表示编辑将编辑这篇文章，应填名词editor，意为“编辑”，此处用单数名词；第二空，根据“before the new... comes out”可知，此处缺主语，指代物，表示新版本，应填名词edition，意为“版本”，结合“comes”可知，主语是单数，所以此处用单数名词。故填editor；edition。 10．The loves and studies stars every day. (science) 【答案】 scientist science 【详解】句意：这位科学家热爱科学，并且每天研究星星。根据“The...loves...and studies stars every day.”可知第一空缺少主语，用名词scientist“科学家”，结合“loves”可知，主语为单数；第二空缺少宾语，用名词science“科学”。故填scientist；science。 11．She shows great in math, and her answers always surprise the teacher.  (intelligent) 【答案】 intelligence intelligent 【详解】句意：她在数学方面表现出极大的聪明才智，并且她聪明的答案总是让老师感到惊讶。第一个空，great为形容词，后接名词，intelligent的名词形式为intelligence“聪明才智”；第二个空，answers为名词，需用形容词intelligent修饰，在句中作定语。故填intelligence；intelligent。 12．Vincent van Gogh was a famous (art) known for his unique style of painting. 【答案】artist 【详解】句意：文森特·梵高是一位著名的艺术家，以其独特的绘画风格而闻名。art“艺术”，名词，且结合常识及“a famous…”可知，此处指他是一位著名的“艺术家”，应用其派生词artist的单数形式作表语。故填artist。 13．The library has many (refer) books. 【答案】reference 【详解】句意：图书馆有很多参考书。根据“books”可知，此处需要用形容词修饰名词“books”。refer“参考；涉及，是动词，其形容词形式是“reference”，意为“参考的”。“reference books”是固定搭配，意为“参考书”。故填reference。 14．I have two (piece) of paper. 【答案】pieces 【详解】句意：我有两张纸。two后接piece的复数形式pieces，two pieces of paper“两张纸”。故填pieces。 15．I don’t have (some) money to buy the book. 【答案】any 【详解】句意：我没有钱买书。根据“I don’t have”可知，此处是否定句，应用any。故填any。 四、完成句子。 1．然而，它们突然就灭绝了。 However, they all suddenly. 【答案】 died out 【详解】die out“灭绝”，为固定搭配；此处描述的是过去发生的灭绝事件，需用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式died。故填died；out。 2．人们一直比较喜欢用纸质百科全书，他们通常分为若干卷。 Some still paper encyclopaedias. They often come . 【答案】 prefer to use in several volumes 【详解】prefer to do sth.是固定结构，意为“更喜欢做某事”；come in several volumes是习惯表达，表示“分为若干卷”；本句是一般现在时，第一句主语Some是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填prefer；to；use；in；several；volumes。 3．世界其他地区的百科全书也有着悠久的历史。 Encyclopaedias in other parts of the world also in history. 【答案】 go back a long way 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“存在很久”。go back a long way意为“存在很久”；句子时态为一般现在时，主语为复数，因此用动词原形。故填go；back；a；long；way。 4．他的咳嗽与寒冷天气有关。 His cough the cold weather. 【答案】 is related to 【详解】根据句意及空处可知，缺少“与……有关”的表达。be related to“与……有关”，句子描述的是客观存在的联系，用一般现在时；主语“His cough”是单数，be动词用“is”。故填is；related；to。 5．到现在为止，要么护士，要么医生们已经检查了病人的基本情况。 So far, the nurses the doctor the patient’s basic situation. 【答案】 either or has checked 【详解】either...or...表示 “要么……要么……”，连接并列主语时，遵循“就近原则”；check“检查”，动词；根据“So far”可知，时态为现在完成时；靠近的主语“the doctor”为单数，因此谓语结构为has checked。故填either；or；has；checked。 6．DeepSeek在解决数学题方面展现出极高的智慧，常常比其他软件更快找到解法。 DeepSeek solving math problems, often finding solutions faster than other software. 【答案】 shows great intelligence in 【详解】 对比中英文可知，空处缺少“在……方面展现出极高的智慧”，其英文表达为show great intelligence in，动词短语，其中show“展现出”，动词；句子陈述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时，且主语“DeepSeek”为单数，谓语动词应用三单形式shows；great“极高的，出色的”，形容词，在句中作定语，修饰不可数名词intelligence“智慧，智能”；in“在……方面”，介词。故填shows；great；intelligence；in。 7．中国有编纂百科全书的悠久历史，大多数条目是以时间编写的。 China creating encyclopaedias, and most entries in time order. 【答案】 has a long history of are written 【详解】根据英汉句子可知，前半句缺少“有编纂……的悠久历史”的英文表达，“have a long history of...”是固定短语，意为“有……的悠久历史”，主语“China”是第三人称单数，一般现在时中谓语动词用“has”，所以依次填has；a；long；history；of。后半句缺少“被编写”的英文，“entries 条目”与“编写”是被动关系，用被动语态“be + 过去分词”结构，“编写”的过去分词是“written”，主语“most entries”是复数，be动词用“are”，所以依次填are；written。故填has；a；long；history；of；are；written。 8．学生们需要了解历史上的重要人物来理解过去。 Students need to important people to understand the past. 【答案】 learn about in history 【详解】learn about“了解”，need to do sth“需要做某事”；in history“历史上”。故填learn；about；in；history。 9．百科全书在历史上一直扮演着记录和提供信息的重要角色。 Encyclopaedias history recording and providing information. 【答案】 play an important role through in 【详解】play an important role in “在……中起重要作用”；through“通过”。句子用一般现在时陈述客观的事实，主语“Encyclopaedias”是复数名词，谓语动词用原形。故填play；an；important；role；through；in。 10．它们与中国早期的百科全书相似，因为都收录了不同学者的著作。 They early Chinese encyclopaedias because they included . 【答案】 were similar to works by different scholars 【详解】由中英文对比可知，缺少“与……相似”和“不同学者的著作”；be similar to表示“与……相似”，形容词短语；根据“they included”可知，时态为一般过去时；主语为“They”，be动词用were；works“著作”，名词；by different scholars“不同学者的”，介词短语作后置定语，修饰works。故填were；similar；to；works；by；different；scholars。 五、选词填空。 （一）用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空 at birth complete intelligent Italy live on notebook origin other relate to small 1．After class, he returned all the to his schoolbag. 2．Rose showed high from an early age. 3． it was a bedroom, but we turned it into a study. 4．Jim never gave up in the past and he did everything he could his work. 5．The baby giant panda looks like a little mouse . 6．A study showed that people’s mood is the weather. 7．Christopher Columbus was . He was one of the first people to discover the Americas. 8．We are the same planet. We should take care of it together. 9．Some students are playing football over there, and are chatting under the tree. 10．The coat is too big. Do you have a one? 【答案】 1．notebooks 2．intelligence 3．Originally 4．to complete 5．at birth 6．related to 7．Italian 8．living on 9．others 10．smaller 【解析】1．句意：下课后，他把所有笔记本都放回了书包。根据“all the”可知空格处需填可数名词复数形式，notebook意为“笔记本”，与schoolbag形成合理搭配， notebook的复数形式是notebooks。故填notebooks。 2．句意：Rose从小就展现出高智商。 空格前有形容词high，需填名词形式 。根据句意及所给内容可知，此处应选intelligent，其对应的名词为intelligence，表示“智力”。故填intelligence。 3．句意：这里原本是卧室，但我们把它改成了书房。此处需要副词修饰整个句子，说明过去的情况，方框中 “origin”（起源，名词）的副词形式 “Originally”（原本；起初）符合语境，句首首字母大写 。故填Originally。 4．句意：Jim过去从不放弃，他竭尽全力完成工作。“do everything one could to do sth.”（尽某人所能做某事），此处用动词不定式表目的，方框中 “complete”（完成，动词）符合 “完成工作” 语境，所以用 “to complete”。故填to complete。 5．句意：大熊猫宝宝出生时看起来像一只小老鼠。此处需要时间状语，方框中 “at birth”（出生时）符合 “描述大熊猫宝宝出生时样子” 的语境，故填at birth。 6．句意：一项研究表明人们的情绪与天气有关。“is related to”（与…… 有关）是固定短语，符合 “情绪和天气的关联” 语境，故填related to。 7．句意：克里斯托弗・哥伦布是意大利人。他是最早发现美洲的人之一。此处表示国籍，方框中 “Italy”是指“意大利”，空格处应填表示“意大利人”的名词。 “Italian”表示“意大利人”。故填Italian。 8．句意：我们生活在同一个星球上。我们应该一起爱护它。“live on”（生活在…… 上）符合 “生活在星球上” 语境，根据 “are” 可知用现在进行时，现在进行时结构是 “be + 现在分词”，所以 “live” 变为 “living” 。故填living on。 9．句意：一些学生在那边踢足球，另一些在树下聊天。“some...others...”（一些…… 另一些……）是固定搭配，符合 “部分学生和另一部分学生不同的活动” 语境，故填others。 10．句意：这件外套太大了。你有小一点的吗？根据 “too big”（太大）可知想要 “小一点的”，方框中 “small”（小的）符合，这里是比较级语境，需形容词比较级形式 ，small的比较级为smaller，这里用形容词比较级修饰 “one” 。故填smaller。 （二）用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空 edit    information    be similar to    organize play an important role    quick    record    use 1．The checks the articles for spelling mistakes before they are published. 2．The community centre also activities for people in the community every week. 3．—Will the famous singer attend the fashion show tomorrow afternoon? —I am afraid not. But she a new song after the show. 4．Parents in a family because they are the first teachers to children. 5．This dictionary is old, but it is very for us to learn English. 6．In Yunnan, a high-speed railway was built. People can go for a trip much more now. 7．Students can use the internet to get lots of to help with their study. 8．The DNA of gorillas (大猩猩) that of humans. They are one of the closest living relatives to humans. 【答案】1．editor 2．organizes 3．will record 4．play an important role 5．useful 6．quickly 7．information 8．is similar to 【解析】1．句意：编辑在文章发表前检查拼写错误。根据“...checks the articles for spelling mistakes before they are published.”可知，此处表示编辑，应用名词作主语，editor意为“编辑”；谓语动词checks为三单，所以主语用单数。故填editor。 2．句意：社区中心每周还为社区的人们组织活动。根据“The community centre also...activities...”可知，空处缺少谓语动词，organize意为“组织”，符合题意。句子为一般现在时，主语是The community centre，动词用第三人称单数形式。故填organizes。 3．句意：——明天下午那位著名歌手将会出席时装演出吗？——恐怕不会。但她将在演出结束后录一首新歌。根据“a new song”可知，此处表示录歌，应选record“录制”；根据“after the show”可知，时态为一般将来时。故填will record。 4．句意：父母在家庭中扮演着重要的角色，因为他们是孩子的第一任老师。根据“they are the first teachers to children”可知，此处指父母扮演着重要的角色；主语是Parents，时态为一般现在时。故填play an important role。 5．句意：这个词典很旧了，但是它对于我们学英语是很有用的。此处为“it is+形容词+for sb to do sth”结构，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”，所以此处应填形容词；useful表示“有用的”，符合题意。故填useful。 6．句意：在云南，修建了一条高速铁路。现在人们出行更快了。根据“In Yunnan, a high-speed railway was built.”可知，云南建成高铁后，人们现在出行更快了。quick“快的”，是形容词，空处需填一个副词修饰动词。故填quickly。 7．句意：学生可以利用因特网获取大量信息来帮助他们的学习。根据“Students can use the internet to get lots of...”可知，此处表示得到很多信息，且information为不可数名词。故填information。 8．句意：大猩猩的DNA与人类相似。它们是现存与人类亲缘关系最近的物种之一。根据“They are one of the closest living relatives to humans.”可知，此处指大猩猩的DNA与人类相似。be similar to意为“与……相似”；主语是The DNA of gorillas，时态为一般现在时。故填is similar to。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 单元基础知识（单词、短语、句子）过关综合训练 一、单项选择。 1．Although she spends most of her time on science, she ________ painting and has won several awards. A．is good for B．is talented in C．is responsible for D．is worried about 2．The boy’s ________ surprised everyone when he solved the difficult math problem in just two minutes. A．talent B．intelligence C．courage D．patience 3．The new movie ________ changed her idea about science fiction—she used to think it was boring. A．completely B．gradually C．suddenly D．hardly 4．Dogs and wolves ________ each other because they come from the same family of animals. A．are related to B．are angry with C．are famous for D．are interested in 5．The city plans to reduce traffic jams by encouraging people to use public ________ like buses and subways. A．roads B．signals C．rules D．vehicles 6．Let’s use the camera to ________ the beautiful moment of our graduation ceremony. A．remember B．record C．report D．repeat 7．This story ________ the one I read last week. Both have a brave hero and an exciting ending. A．is similar to B．is famous for C．is good at D．is ready for 8．Good communication ________ building strong friendships. We should learn to express ourselves clearly. A．plays an important role in B．takes pride in C．gets used to D．looks forward to 9．My father bought a new ________ of the encyclopedia. It’s the 15th book in the series. A．item B．number C．amount D．volume 10．The ________ opinion is that exercise helps keep healthy. A．general B．popular C．strange D．personal 11．The ________ of the old man made everyone in the village sad. A．die B．dead C．dying D．death 12．I spent ________ day cleaning my room yesterday. A．whole the B．the whole C．the all D．every 13．The teacher asked us to put the sentences in the right ________ to make a story. A．order B．place C．time D．way 14．In the old society (社会), many old people ________ cold in the countryside in winter. A．died of B．died from C．died away D．died out 15．If you don’t know the meaning of this word, you can ________ in the dictionary. A．look it for B．look up it C．look for it D．look it up 16．The science project should ________ three parts: research, experiments, and a conclusion. A．collect B．separate C．include D．repeat 17．________ she will join the school art club, but she hasn’t decided yet. A．Certainly B．Finally C．Luckily D．Perhaps 18．We should learn the ________ of looking up information. A．skills B．books C．dictionaries D．encyclopedias 19．—When you don’t know a word, what will you do? — I will ________ it up in a dictionary. A．look B．see C．watch D．read 20．Volunteers ______ an important role ______ helping those in need. A．play; on B．make; in C．play; in D．take; on 二、单词拼写。 1．She is a t singer and won the school music competition. 2．I can’t find my o pencil case, so I need to buy a new one. 3．These two dresses look s , but the price is different. 4．My dog is very i . It can understand many commands. 5．Our class plans to o a picnic in the park next weekend. 6．Can you help me r the score of our basketball game? 7．Everyone felt sorry for the old cat’s d last month. 8．The w class cheered when we won the football match. 9．The little dog looked sad, and I could see its s . 10．Please put these books in o on the shelf so they are easy to find. 11． (可能) he forgot to bring his homework to school. 12．I write new English words in my (笔记本) every day. 13． (恐龙) lived on the earth a long time ago. 14．My grandfather always cooks delicious dishes for the (全部的) family. 15．These photos (记录) the doctor’s unusual working experiences. 16．I knocked on the door but (没有人) answered. 17．They often (组织) charity events for the children in need. 18．The kids are (彻底地) out of control since their father left home. 19．He is very sad because of his dog’s (死亡). 20．Many famous (艺术家) took part in the concert. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．After the dog’s , the boy felt sad because his pet was . (die) 2．An needs to have ideas to create beautiful works. (art) 3．She has a natural for painting, and everyone agrees she is a artist. (talent) 4．I understand the plan, so I can the work on time. (complete) 5．The meal will rice, vegetables, and chicken, your favorite fish. (include) 6．I’m not thirsty so I don’t want to drink (something). 7．When people from illness, their families share their together. (suffer) 8．Our teacher will a charity sale for the local next month. (organize) 9．The will edit the article before the new comes out. (edit) 10．The loves and studies stars every day. (science) 11．She shows great in math, and her answers always surprise the teacher.  (intelligent) 12．Vincent van Gogh was a famous (art) known for his unique style of painting. 13．The library has many (refer) books. 14．I have two (piece) of paper. 15．I don’t have (some) money to buy the book. 四、完成句子。 1．然而，它们突然就灭绝了。 However, they all suddenly. 2．人们一直比较喜欢用纸质百科全书，他们通常分为若干卷。 Some still paper encyclopaedias. They often come . 3．世界其他地区的百科全书也有着悠久的历史。 Encyclopaedias in other parts of the world also in history. 4．他的咳嗽与寒冷天气有关。 His cough the cold weather. 5．到现在为止，要么护士，要么医生们已经检查了病人的基本情况。 So far, the nurses the doctor the patient’s basic situation. 6．DeepSeek在解决数学题方面展现出极高的智慧，常常比其他软件更快找到解法。 DeepSeek solving math problems, often finding solutions faster than other software. 7．中国有编纂百科全书的悠久历史，大多数条目是以时间编写的。 China creating encyclopaedias, and most entries in time order. 8．学生们需要了解历史上的重要人物来理解过去。 Students need to important people to understand the past. 9．百科全书在历史上一直扮演着记录和提供信息的重要角色。 Encyclopaedias history recording and providing information. 10．它们与中国早期的百科全书相似，因为都收录了不同学者的著作。 They early Chinese encyclopaedias because they included . 五、选词填空。 （一）用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空 at birth complete intelligent Italy live on notebook origin other relate to small 1．After class, he returned all the to his schoolbag. 2．Rose showed high from an early age. 3． it was a bedroom, but we turned it into a study. 4．Jim never gave up in the past and he did everything he could his work. 5．The baby giant panda looks like a little mouse . 6．A study showed that people’s mood is the weather. 7．Christopher Columbus was . He was one of the first people to discover the Americas. 8．We are the same planet. We should take care of it together. 9．Some students are playing football over there, and are chatting under the tree. 10．The coat is too big. Do you have a one? （二）用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空 edit    information    be similar to    organize play an important role    quick    record    use 1．The checks the articles for spelling mistakes before they are published. 2．The community centre also activities for people in the community every week. 3．—Will the famous singer attend the fashion show tomorrow afternoon? —I am afraid not. But she a new song after the show. 4．Parents in a family because they are the first teachers to children. 5．This dictionary is old, but it is very for us to learn English. 6．In Yunnan, a high-speed railway was built. People can go for a trip much more now. 7．Students can use the internet to get lots of to help with their study. 8．The DNA of gorillas (大猩猩) that of humans. They are one of the closest living relatives to humans. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $