Unit3 不定式&Unit3主题写作及解析 讲义-2025-2026学年沪教版（五四学制）（2024）八年级英语上册

LAITY自制 讲义内容 1. to do不定式 2. Curious minds主题写作 (不定式专项练习&U3主题写作与思路解析&不定式真题练习) · 英语中有五大基本句型 句型一(Subject + Verb) 主谓 句型二(Subject + Verb+ Object) 主谓宾 句型三(Subject + Verb + Indirect object + Direct object) 主谓+间接宾语+直接宾语(主谓双宾) 句型四(Subject + Verb + Object + Complement) 主谓+宾语+宾语补足语(主谓宾宾补) 句型五(Subject + Link. V + Predicate) 主系表 ①句型中的主语、谓语、宾语、补语和表语都是一种成分，其中，谓语只能是动词，动词也只能作谓语。 ②当一个句子中已经有谓语动词，但又需要另一个动词时，就用“非谓语”形式；所谓“非谓语”，就是“不是动词”，也就不能再作谓语成分。 · 非谓语 非谓语动词是英语语法中重要的组成部分，指不能单独作谓语的动词形式。它们保留了动词的部分特征（如能带宾语、状语），同时具备名词、形容词或副词的语法功能，可在句中作主语、宾语、定语、状语等。 英语中非谓语动词主要分为三类：(本课主要讲解不定式) ①不定式（to do） ②动名词（doing） ③分词（现在分词 doing / 过去分词 done） 不定式 动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，其基本形式为“to＋do（动词原形）”（有时不带to，称为“不带to的动词不定式”）。 动词不定式与谓语动词的不同之处在于它没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语。动词不定式在句中充当宾语、目的状语、宾语补足语（简称“宾补”）等，表具体动作、将来、目的等。 I’d like to buy a new iPad.我想买一台新的iPad。（宾语）。 He asked Peter to read the books slowly.他让彼得慢慢读书。（宾语补足语） Alice moved to the countryside to enjoy a silent life.爱丽丝搬到了乡下，为了享受宁静的生活。（目的状语） · 动词不定式的类别 ①带to的动词不定式，用于agree，want，hope，promise 等动词之后。 Julie wants to learn more about different cultures. 朱莉想了解更多关于不同文化的内容。 ②不带 to的动词不定式，用于make，let，have，see，hear等动词之后。 Every time he hears someone mention a new book, he will get one and read it right away. 每次他听到有人提到一本新书，他都会立刻买来读。 【注意】有的动词后的不定式带to或不带to都可以。 Exploring nature helps children to learn about the world around them.探索自然有助于孩子们了解周围的世界。 Travelling helps satisfy people’s curiosity about different cultures.旅行有助于满足人们对不同文化的好奇心。 ⭐help sb (to) do帮助某人做某事 · 动词不定式在句子中的成分 (本单元主要讲解其充当宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语的用法) 句子成分 例句 object宾语 Dr Gu wants to give students a speech about curiosity. 顾博士想要给学生们做一场关于好奇心的演讲。 常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有： would like/want to 想要 agree to同意 afford to 负担得起 hope/wish to 希望 decide to决定 promise to 承诺 continue to 继续 expect to 期望 refuse to 拒绝 manage to成功 还有fail、forget、learn、、need、offer、plan、remember、seem、start、try等。 ⭐以下动词，不定式中不可带to：使役动词：let、make、have 感官动词：feel、hear、see、watch object complement宾语补足语 Our teacher asked us to share our opinions about curiosity in class. 我们的老师让我们在课堂上分享我们对好奇心的看法。 常接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词： tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事 warn sb.to do sth.警告某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事 allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth.期望某人做某事 advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事 还有ask、encourage、force、order、persuade、remind、teach、want、wish、would like等。 ⭐动词不定式的否定式：not to＋do（动词原形） adverbial of purpose目的状语 Tom enjoyed exploring nature to see different kinds of plants. 汤姆喜欢探索自然，以观察不同种类的植物。 . 以下为拓展内容，教师可选择性讲解 其他作不定式的成分 · 作状语 还可表示原因、结果等。 I’m glad to see you. 见到你我很高兴。（to see 表原因，是原因状语） He hurried to the station, only to find the train had left. 他匆忙赶到车站，结果发现火车已经开走了。（only to do 表意外结果，是结果状语） · 作主语 表示具体的动作或将来的行为，常用 it 作形式主语，将不定式后置(避免句子头重脚轻)。 常用句型为 “It is + adj. + (of/for sb.) to do sth.” To learn a foreign language is useful. 学一门外语很有用。(to learn作主语) It's not easy to find your way around the town. 在这个小镇上要找到路很不容易。(it 是形式主语，真正主语是 to find...) It is important to protect the environment. 保护环境很重要。(it 是形式主语，真正主语是 to protect...) · 作定语 修饰名词或代词，通常后置，表示 “要做的事” 或 “用途”。 I can't think of any good advice to give her. 我想不出任何好的建议给她。 I have a lot of homework to do. 我有很多作业要做。（to do 修饰 homework，表 “要做的作业”） This is a good tool to cut wood. 这是一个砍木头的好工具。（to cut 表用途） · 作表语 常放于be动词后，说明主语的内容或性质(常表示将来的动作或抽象概念)。 My job is to look after the baby. 我的工作是照顾这个婴儿。（is是系动词，to look作表语） My dream is to become a scientist. 我的梦想是成为一名科学家。（is是系动词，to become作表语） The best way is to ask for help. 最好的办法是求助。（is是系动词，to ask作表语） · 动词不定式的其他考点 ①动词不定式可以与疑问词连用，作作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、同位语等。 常用疑问词：what，which，who，whom，when，where，how等。 常与疑问词连用的动词(短语)：know，tell， teach， show， find out，learn，forget，decide等。 I don’t know how to use DeepSeek. I wonder who to ask for help. 我不知道如何使用DeepSeek。（how + to use）我想知道该向谁寻求帮助。（who+ to ask） ②动词不定式也出现在复合结构中，成为复合宾语中的宾语补足语。 复合结构是“宾语＋宾语补足语”，也称复合宾语。 Our teacher warned us not to rush in the classroom. 我们的老师警告我们不要在教室里跑。（us是宾语，not to rush是宾补） He asked me to help him with that difficult maths problem. （me是宾语，to help是宾补） 他让我帮他解决那道难做的数学题。 ③hope的易错点 hope后面可以用动词不定式，hope to do。 hope后面可以接宾语从句，hope that+从句 (SVO)，hope that sb will/can do。【注意】不能用“hope sb. to do”结构。 I hope to get a high score in the final exam this term. （hope + to do） =I hope that I can get a high score in the final exam this term. （从句部分动词原形） 我希望这学期的期末考试我能取得高分。 ④常见的省略to的情况。 had better (not) do sth. 最好做某事 would rather (not) do sth. 宁愿做某事 Why not do sth.? / Why don't you do sth.? 为什么不…？ prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. = would rather do sth. than do sth 相较于…更喜欢…. ⑤使用动词不定式的句型。 It's adj. for/of sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人来说是…/ 做某事的某人是… It takes sb. some time /money to do sth. 做某事花费某人时间/金钱 It's time for sb. to do sth. 到时间做某事 too...to... 太…而不能… Curious minds主题写作 好奇心驱使人们提出问题，寻求答案，并发现新的世界。不少科学家对于科学的探索都是开始于对未知事物的好奇心，作为一名八年级的学生，你正是对世界充满好奇的时候，请以“The power of curiosity”为题，写一篇文章，词数不少于60。内容要包括： （1）好奇心导致的结果； （2）好奇心如何被满足； （3）吸取的教训或这次经历的影响。 The power of curiosity __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ ________60 __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ _______120 【课后作业】 I. Complete their conversation with the correct form of the verbs in the box. 用方框中所给动词的适当形式完成她们的对话。 arrive be buy go stay take travel visit Kitty: I hope to see Joseph at the airport! Linda: Thank you for allowing Joseph (1) ______________________ with your family. He will (2) ______________________ in Beijing on 18 December. He seems (3) ______________________ very excited about the trip. He’ d like (4) ______________________ many places, but you don't have to take him everywhere. He’ ll learn (5) ______________________ by himself. Kitty: I'm very happy to show him around. I want (6) ______________________ to some places too. Linda: Don't forget (7) ______________________ Joseph to Wangfujing Street then. He hopes (8) ______________________ some presents for his friends. II. Complete the sentences with the verbs in the brackets in their proper forms.用括号内动词的适当形式完成下列句子。 1. — What is Sandy doing? — She______________________ (prepare, make) a speech at the party. 2. You can______________________ (choose, sit) in the front of the classroom if you want to see the blackboard clearly. 3. Please______________________ (remember, close) the door when you leave the room. 4. Look! The little girl on TV______________________ (try, wake) her mum up. III. Write complete sentences from the words in the brackets. Use the infinitive and the correct tense. 连词成句。注意使用动词不定式和正确的时态。 1. (Nancy has/ plan/ travel to France/ with her friends/ since last year.) 2. (Ann/ teach/ Mary/ drive/ last year.) 3. (Don't worry! Tomorrow I/ persuade/ my father/ see/a doctor.) 4. (The police/ make/ everyone/ leave the building/ last night.) 5. ( The driver/ let/ the old/ travel on the bus/ without a ticket.) IV. Read and complete the following tasks.阅读并完成以下任务。 Hi, I'm Nezha! I'm one of the coolest kids in Chinese mythology! I love to cause a little chaos（混乱），（1） ________________ (fight) monsters, and to show off my awesome Wind Fire Wheels. My dream is (2) ________________ (prove)to everyone that I'm not just a troublemaker but a hero who's here to save the day! Every day, I like to train with my weapons, to annoy my parents (just a little), and to eat lots of snacks. I also enjoy challenging anyone who dares to doubt me and to make them (3) ________________ (regret) it! But don't get me wrong-I'm not just about fighting and causing trouble. I want (4) ________________ (protect) my friends, to stand up for the weak, and to show the world that even someone like me can be a hero. So, if you want to be as cool as me， remember to be bold（敢于冒险的），to be brave， and to never let anyone (5) ________________ (tell) you what you can or can't do. And hey, if you ever need someone (6) ________________ (teach)you how to ride flaming wheels or (7) ________________ (take down) a sea monster, you know who to call - Nezha's got your back! 【to do不定式专项练习】 The scientists are trying to find out what makes the atoms in the molecule _______ apart. A．break B．breaking C．to break D．broken 2．Can you tell me ________ next? A．how to do B．what to do C．how do it D．what to do it 3．People today aren’t afraid ________ the Internet to do things like shopping and paying their bills. A．uses B．use C．using D．to use 4．Happy Camp is very popular. It often makes people ________. A．laugh B．laughing C．to laugh D．laughed 5．—Have you decided ________, lady?    —Sorry, I haven’t. A．to buy which one B．buy which one C．which to buy one D．which one to buy 6．—I want to know ______ tomorrow. —At the school gate. A．where will meet B．where to meet C．where we to meet D．where meeting 7．—Excuse me, can you tell me how to ________ the stress from the exams? —Of course. You can talk to your parents or teachers. A．reduce B．reducing C．to reduce D．reduced 8．There are so many beautiful scarves, I don’t know _________ . A．how to buy B．what to buy C．to choose which one D．which one to buy 9．The sick boy needs _________ at once. A．to be operated B．to operate C．to operate on D．to be operated on 10．To the parents of these children, the most important thing is ________ make much money but ________ together. A．to not; to get B．not to; getting C．not; to get D．not to; to get 11．Many teenagers are having poor eyesight now, so parents should take action ________ the problem from getting worse. A．to stop B．stopping C．stopped D．stop 12．We must work hard ______ a better life. A．live B．living C．to living D．to live 13．________ water, turn off the tap after washing your hands. A．Save B．Saving C．Saved D．To save 14．He usually uses his thinking skills ________ the truth. A．find B．to find C．finding D．found 15．—Why do they hold the activity? —The purpose (目的) is to ______ for a charity. A．donate money B．raising money C．donating money D．raise money 16．After finishing her homework, Lisa went on ________ some extra math practice, but she delayed ________ her room until the weekend. A．doing; to clean B．doing; cleaning C．to do; cleaning D．to do; to clean 17．His father can’t afford ________ such a big house with a swimming pool. A．buy B．buying C．to buy D．bought 18．Please keep your bank card safe and remember ________ the passwords with anyone. A．share B．to share C．sharing D．not to share 19．Don’t forget ________ off the fans when you leave. A．turn B．turning C．to turn D．to turning 20．The students plan ______ a first-aid workshop next term. A．hold B．holds C．to hold D．holding 21．My teacher asked us ________ loudly in the classroom. A．not talk B．not to talk C．talk not D．to not talk 22．My parents don’t allow me ________ out with my friends on school nights. A．go B．going C．to go D．went 23．—I tried to make Alice ______ her mind but I found it difficult. —Well, I saw you ______ that when I went past. A．change; do B．to change; doing C．to change; to do D．change; doing 24．VR technology enables people ________ the game better. A．to enjoy B．enjoy C．enjoying D．enjoyed 25．Mobile phones can be used to ________ for information, but I’m not used to ________ information on such a small screen. A．search; reading B．searching; reading C．search; read D．searching; read 26．Since both of Judy’s parents are doctors, her ambition is _______ medicine. A．study B．to study C．to studying D．studied 27．My dream is________ a great architect like leoh Ming Pei. A．being B．to being C．be D．to be 28．In the past, it usually took a week ________ a letter. A．delivering B．deliver C．to deliver D．delivered 29．As the school sports meeting is coming, it’s important for us ______ sports more often. A．practise doing B．to practise doing C．to practise to do D．practising doing 30．The Mid-Autumn Festival is a good time for Chinese families ________ together. A．getting B．got C．to getting D．to get 【真题演练】 1.（24-25九年级上·上海黄浦·期末）—I don’t really want to go to work today. —Well, you are not allowed ________ whether to go or not. You have to. A．decide B．deciding C．to decide D．decided 2.（2025·上海静安·一模）Grandparents just called to say that they expected us ________ them very often. A．visit B．visits C．visited D．to visit 3.（2025·上海松江·一模）Is it necessary for us ________ on clothes before buying them? A．try B．to try C．trying D．tried 4.（2025·上海崇明·一模）When Ted was about to open his office door, he realized he had forgotten ________ his key. A．bring B．brought C．to bring D．bringing 5.（2025·上海奉贤·一模）Although the conditions are challenging, the team managed ______ the project on time. A．complete B．to complete C．completing D．completed 6.（2025·上海嘉定·一模）If you are a fan of trains, the National Railway Museum is a great place . A．to visit B．visit C．visiting D．to visiting 7.（2025·上海普陀·一模）Our English teacher always encourages us ________ questions in his class. A．ask B．asking C．to ask D．asked 8.（2025·上海徐汇·一模）It is getting more difficult ________ tickets for some popular singers’ concerts. A．buy B．buying C．to buy D．bought 9.（2025·上海普陀·一模）With only a few minutes left, they managed ________ the game around. A．turn B．turning C．to turn D．turned 10.（2025·上海虹口·一模）The Italian organizations have made a plan ________ more tourists to the landmarks. A．attract B．to attract C．attracting D．attracted 11.（2025·上海杨浦·一模）The police reminded the public ________ out for pickpockets in crowded areas. A．look B．looked C．to look D．looking 12.（2025·上海青浦·一模）The police officer warned the children not ________ near the busy road. A．play B．to play C．played D．playing 13.（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期末）According to my parents, doing chores enables me ________ the family responsibility better. A．understand B．to understand C．understanding D．understood 14.（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期末）His sister made him ________ all the chores without lifting a finger to help. A．does B．do C．did D．doing 15.（2025·上海宝山·一模）Reading brings me a lot of fun and enables me ________ the world deeply. A．understand B．to understand C．understood D．understanding 1 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $LAITY自制 讲义内容 1. to do不定式 2. Curious minds主题写作 (不定式专项练习&U3主题写作与思路解析&不定式真题练习) · 英语中有五大基本句型 句型一(Subject + Verb) 主谓 句型二(Subject + Verb+ Object) 主谓宾 句型三(Subject + Verb + Indirect object + Direct object) 主谓+间接宾语+直接宾语(主谓双宾) 句型四(Subject + Verb + Object + Complement) 主谓+宾语+宾语补足语(主谓宾宾补) 句型五(Subject + Link. V + Predicate) 主系表 ①句型中的主语、谓语、宾语、补语和表语都是一种成分，其中，谓语只能是动词，动词也只能作谓语。 ②当一个句子中已经有谓语动词，但又需要另一个动词时，就用“非谓语”形式；所谓“非谓语”，就是“不是动词”，也就不能再作谓语成分。 · 非谓语 非谓语动词是英语语法中重要的组成部分，指不能单独作谓语的动词形式。它们保留了动词的部分特征（如能带宾语、状语），同时具备名词、形容词或副词的语法功能，可在句中作主语、宾语、定语、状语等。 英语中非谓语动词主要分为三类：(本课主要讲解不定式) ①不定式（to do） ②动名词（doing） ③分词（现在分词 doing / 过去分词 done） 不定式 动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，其基本形式为“to＋do（动词原形）”（有时不带to，称为“不带to的动词不定式”）。 动词不定式与谓语动词的不同之处在于它没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语。动词不定式在句中充当宾语、目的状语、宾语补足语（简称“宾补”）等，表具体动作、将来、目的等。 I’d like to buy a new iPad.我想买一台新的iPad。（宾语）。 He asked Peter to read the books slowly.他让彼得慢慢读书。（宾语补足语） Alice moved to the countryside to enjoy a silent life.爱丽丝搬到了乡下，为了享受宁静的生活。（目的状语） · 动词不定式的类别 ①带to的动词不定式，用于agree，want，hope，promise 等动词之后。 Julie wants to learn more about different cultures. 朱莉想了解更多关于不同文化的内容。 ②不带 to的动词不定式，用于make，let，have，see，hear等动词之后。 Every time he hears someone mention a new book, he will get one and read it right away. 每次他听到有人提到一本新书，他都会立刻买来读。 【注意】有的动词后的不定式带to或不带to都可以。 Exploring nature helps children to learn about the world around them.探索自然有助于孩子们了解周围的世界。 Travelling helps satisfy people’s curiosity about different cultures.旅行有助于满足人们对不同文化的好奇心。 ⭐help sb (to) do帮助某人做某事 · 动词不定式在句子中的成分 (本单元主要讲解其充当宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语的用法) 句子成分 例句 object宾语 Dr Gu wants to give students a speech about curiosity. 顾博士想要给学生们做一场关于好奇心的演讲。 常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有： would like/want to 想要 agree to同意 afford to 负担得起 hope/wish to 希望 decide to决定 promise to 承诺 continue to 继续 expect to 期望 refuse to 拒绝 manage to成功 还有fail、forget、learn、、need、offer、plan、remember、seem、start、try等。 ⭐以下动词，不定式中不可带to：使役动词：let、make、have 感官动词：feel、hear、see、watch object complement宾语补足语 Our teacher asked us to share our opinions about curiosity in class. 我们的老师让我们在课堂上分享我们对好奇心的看法。 常接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词： tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事 warn sb.to do sth.警告某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事 allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth.期望某人做某事 advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事 还有ask、encourage、force、order、persuade、remind、teach、want、wish、would like等。 ⭐动词不定式的否定式：not to＋do（动词原形） adverbial of purpose目的状语 Tom enjoyed exploring nature to see different kinds of plants. 汤姆喜欢探索自然，以观察不同种类的植物。 . 以下为拓展内容，教师可选择性讲解 其他作不定式的成分 · 作状语 还可表示原因、结果等。 I’m glad to see you. 见到你我很高兴。（to see 表原因，是原因状语） He hurried to the station, only to find the train had left. 他匆忙赶到车站，结果发现火车已经开走了。（only to do 表意外结果，是结果状语） · 作主语 表示具体的动作或将来的行为，常用 it 作形式主语，将不定式后置(避免句子头重脚轻)。 常用句型为 “It is + adj. + (of/for sb.) to do sth.” To learn a foreign language is useful. 学一门外语很有用。(to learn作主语) It's not easy to find your way around the town. 在这个小镇上要找到路很不容易。(it 是形式主语，真正主语是 to find...) It is important to protect the environment. 保护环境很重要。(it 是形式主语，真正主语是 to protect...) · 作定语 修饰名词或代词，通常后置，表示 “要做的事” 或 “用途”。 I can't think of any good advice to give her. 我想不出任何好的建议给她。 I have a lot of homework to do. 我有很多作业要做。（to do 修饰 homework，表 “要做的作业”） This is a good tool to cut wood. 这是一个砍木头的好工具。（to cut 表用途） · 作表语 常放于be动词后，说明主语的内容或性质(常表示将来的动作或抽象概念)。 My job is to look after the baby. 我的工作是照顾这个婴儿。（is是系动词，to look作表语） My dream is to become a scientist. 我的梦想是成为一名科学家。（is是系动词，to become作表语） The best way is to ask for help. 最好的办法是求助。（is是系动词，to ask作表语） · 动词不定式的其他考点 ①动词不定式可以与疑问词连用，作作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、同位语等。 常用疑问词：what，which，who，whom，when，where，how等。 常与疑问词连用的动词(短语)：know，tell， teach， show， find out，learn，forget，decide等。 I don’t know how to use DeepSeek. I wonder who to ask for help. 我不知道如何使用DeepSeek。（how + to use）我想知道该向谁寻求帮助。（who+ to ask） ②动词不定式也出现在复合结构中，成为复合宾语中的宾语补足语。 复合结构是“宾语＋宾语补足语”，也称复合宾语。 Our teacher warned us not to rush in the classroom. 我们的老师警告我们不要在教室里跑。（us是宾语，not to rush是宾补） He asked me to help him with that difficult maths problem. （me是宾语，to help是宾补） 他让我帮他解决那道难做的数学题。 ③hope的易错点 hope后面可以用动词不定式，hope to do。 hope后面可以接宾语从句，hope that+从句 (SVO)，hope that sb will/can do。【注意】不能用“hope sb. to do”结构。 I hope to get a high score in the final exam this term. （hope + to do） =I hope that I can get a high score in the final exam this term. （从句部分动词原形） 我希望这学期的期末考试我能取得高分。 ④常见的省略to的情况。 had better (not) do sth. 最好做某事 would rather (not) do sth. 宁愿做某事 Why not do sth.? / Why don't you do sth.? 为什么不…？ prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. = would rather do sth. than do sth 相较于…更喜欢…. ⑤使用动词不定式的句型。 It's adj. for/of sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人来说是…/ 做某事的某人是… It takes sb. some time /money to do sth. 做某事花费某人时间/金钱 It's time for sb. to do sth. 到时间做某事 too...to... 太…而不能… Curious minds主题写作 好奇心驱使人们提出问题，寻求答案，并发现新的世界。不少科学家对于科学的探索都是开始于对未知事物的好奇心，作为一名八年级的学生，你正是对世界充满好奇的时候，请以“The power of curiosity”为题，写一篇文章，词数不少于60。内容要包括： （1）好奇心导致的结果； （2）好奇心如何被满足； （3）吸取的教训或这次经历的影响。 The power of curiosity __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ ________60 __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ _______120 写作思路 一、写作思路（贴合上海新教材 “叙事 + 议论” 要求，适配八年级学生水平） 1. 结构搭建：“引入（好奇心的意义）→ 叙事（个人经历）→ 议论（教训 / 影响）” 上海新教材强调 “从个人经历出发，提炼观点”，因此文章需以 “个人真实感的小事” 为载体，避免空泛议论，具体结构如下： · 开头（1-2 句）：用简洁句子点出 “好奇心的作用”，自然引入主题（如 “Curiosity is like a key that opens the door to new discoveries. It once led me to an interesting experience”）； · 主体（核心部分，分 2 层）： ① 好奇心导致的结果：选择 1 件八年级学生熟悉的小事（如 “好奇植物如何生长”“好奇手机 APP 的原理”“好奇实验现象背后的原因”），描述 “因好奇而产生的行动” 及 “初步结果”（如 “好奇绿豆发芽，偷偷种在阳台，却发现叶子发黄”）； ② 好奇心如何被满足：写 “解决问题的过程”（如 “查课本、问老师、上网查资料”“反复调整浇水时间和光照”），体现 “主动探索” 的过程（符合教材 “探究精神” 主题）； · 结尾（1-2 句）：提炼 “教训或影响”（如 “明白‘好奇 + 行动 + 坚持’才能解决问题”“从此遇到未知，会主动寻找答案，不再只停留在‘想’”），升华 “好奇心的力量”。 2. 内容适配：选 “小而具体” 的经历，避免 “大而空” 八年级学生无需写 “科学家的事例”，而是聚焦 “自己的生活小事”（如学习、生活、实验课场景），让内容更真实、有代入感。例如： · 实验课上好奇 “蜡烛燃烧后白烟能否点燃”，课后反复尝试，最终在老师指导下找到答案； · 好奇 “为什么冬天窗户会结霜”，查资料后明白 “水蒸气遇冷凝华”，还教会了同学。 二、好词好句（贴合上海新教材 7-8 年级词汇 / 句型，标注考点） 1. 引入与主题相关（教材 “Interest & Discovery” 主题） · “Curiosity is the starting point of learning. It makes us ask ‘why’ and try to find answers.”（好奇心是学习的起点，它让我们问 “为什么” 并努力寻找答案。） （“starting point” 为教材 8 年级 “观点表达” 高频短语；“make sb. do” 为 7 年级核心语法） · “I used to ignore small questions around me, but one experience made me realize the power of curiosity.”（我以前常忽略身边的小问题，但一次经历让我明白好奇心的力量。） （“used to do”“make sb. realize” 均为教材 7 年级重点句型，用于 “对比过去与现在”） 2. 描述 “好奇心导致的结果”（教材 “Past Experiences” 主题） · “Last term, I noticed my mom’s potted mint always grew well, but mine wilted. My curiosity made me decide to find out why.”（上学期，我发现妈妈的盆栽薄荷总长得很好，我的却枯萎了。好奇心让我决定找出原因。） （“notice”“decide to do” 为 7 年级基础词汇；“wilt”（枯萎）替换 “die”，更精准，符合教材 “词汇多样性” 要求） · “During a science class, I wondered why the water in the beaker turned red when we added a drop of ink. After class, I couldn’t stop thinking about it and wanted to test again.”（科学课上，我好奇为什么往烧杯里滴一滴墨水，水会变红。课后，我一直想着这件事，想再做一次实验。） （“wonder why”“couldn’t stop doing” 为教材 8 年级 “情感与行动” 常用表达；“beaker”“ink” 为科学课相关词汇，贴合学生生活） 3. 描述 “好奇心如何被满足”（教材 “Problem-Solving” 主题） · “First, I checked my science textbook and found a chapter about plant growth. Then I asked my biology teacher, who told me mint needs lots of sunlight but not too much water.”（首先，我查了科学课本，找到关于植物生长的章节。然后我问了生物老师，他告诉我薄荷需要充足的阳光，但不能浇太多水。） （“check”“ask sb. who...” 为教材 8 年级 “解决问题” 常用表达；“first...then...” 体现 “步骤清晰”，符合叙事逻辑） · “I didn’t give up. I searched for videos online and found a tutorial about ‘ink diffusion in water’. I also did the experiment at home with a glass of water and a drop of food coloring.”（我没有放弃。我上网找了视频，发现一个关于 “墨水在水中扩散” 的教程。我还在家用一杯水和一滴食用色素做了实验。） （“give up”“search for”“do the experiment” 均为教材 7-8 年级核心短语；“tutorial”“diffusion”（扩散）为拓展词汇，不超纲且贴合主题） 4. 提炼 “教训或影响”（教材 “Opinions & Lessons” 主题） · “From this experience, I learned that curiosity alone isn’t enough—we need to take action and ask for help when stuck. This makes curiosity truly powerful.”（从这次经历中，我明白只有好奇心不够 —— 遇到困难时，我们需要行动起来并寻求帮助。这才让好奇心真正有力量。） （“learn that...” 引导宾语从句，为教材 8 年级语法重点；“stuck”（卡住的）为 7 年级词汇，替换 “in trouble”，更简洁） · “Now, whenever I have a question, I don’t just wonder—I write it down and try to find answers by reading or asking others. Curiosity has become my best helper in learning.”（现在，每当我有问题，我不再只停留在 “想”—— 我会写下来，通过阅读或问别人寻找答案。好奇心成了我学习中最好的帮手。） （“whenever” 引导时间状语从句，为教材 8 年级语法；“write down”“find answers by...” 为教材 “学习方法” 主题常用表达） 参考答案1： The power of curiosity Curiosity drives us to explore and discover. Once, I saw ants carrying food and wondered how they cooperate. I observed their paths and found they left chemical trails to guide others. To learn more, I researched online, read books, and tested their behaviour by blocking their route. This taught me that curiosity leads to discoveries. It encourages patience and creativity.Asking “why" helps us understand the world-and even small questions can unlock big secrets. Never stop being curious! 赏析： 一、核心亮点：精准扣题，内容与表达双优 1. 内容完整，严格呼应题目三大要求 文章结构清晰，每一部分均精准覆盖题目指定的核心要点，无遗漏、无偏离： · “好奇心导致的结果”：以 “观察蚂蚁搬食物” 为切入点，描述 “因好奇蚂蚁如何合作，进而观察路径、发现化学信息素” 的过程，将 “好奇心” 转化为 “具体探索行动”，结果真实可感（发现蚂蚁的 “导航方式”），避免空泛议论； · “好奇心如何被满足”：通过 “观察（observed their paths）→ 深入探究（researched online, read books）→ 实验验证（tested their behaviour by blocking their route）” 的递进式行动，展现 “主动解决疑问” 的完整过程，体现 “好奇心需靠实践满足” 的逻辑，符合上海教材 “探究精神” 的培养目标； · “吸取的教训或影响”：结尾提炼出 “好奇心带来发现、培养耐心与创造力”“小问题能解锁大秘密” 的感悟，升华主题，且 “Never stop being curious!” 的呼吁简洁有力，呼应开篇 “Curiosity drives us to explore and discover”，形成首尾呼应，结构闭环。 2. 选材巧妙，贴合学生生活，代入感强 作者没有选择宏大的 “科学家事例”，而是聚焦 “观察蚂蚁” 这一初中生熟悉的生活场景 —— 蚂蚁是日常可见的小生物，“搬食物” 的现象易引发共鸣，这种 “以小见大” 的选材方式，既降低了写作难度，又让 “好奇心的力量” 显得真实可触（从身边小事中发现科学规律），符合上海新教材 “从生活中学习” 的理念，也让读者更易产生情感共鸣。 3. 语言简洁精准，适配八年级水平，兼具规范性与生动性 · 词汇运用：兼顾 “基础准确” 与 “适度进阶”—— 基础词汇（drive, explore, wonder）保证理解度，学科相关词汇（chemical trails, behaviour）体现对 “生物常识” 的结合，且 “cooperate”“unlock secrets” 等短语精准表达核心含义，无冗余词汇，符合 “短文精炼” 的要求； · 句式运用：以简单句和并列句为主，穿插 “once”“to learn more” 等连接词 / 短语，让句子衔接自然（如 “Once, I saw ants... and wondered... I observed... and found... To learn more, I researched...”），既符合八年级学生的语法掌握水平，又避免了句式单调，体现 “表达流畅性”； · 情感与观点：无生硬说教，而是通过 “具体行动 + 简洁感悟” 传递观点（如用 “tested their behaviour” 体现探索的主动性，用 “encourages patience and creativity” 总结收获），让 “好奇心的力量” 通过事实自然呈现，而非空洞喊口号。 二、可微优化方向：细节补充，让内容更丰满 1. 增加 “探索过程中的小波折”，让 “满足好奇心” 更具画面感 可补充 1 处微小的 “小困难” 与 “解决过程”，例如：“At first, I couldn’t see the chemical trails clearly—so I used a magnifying glass my dad gave me, and finally noticed how ants followed the faint marks.”（起初看不清化学信息素，用放大镜后才观察到），这样的细节能让 “满足好奇心的过程” 更真实（探索并非一帆风顺），也能进一步体现 “耐心” 这一品质，让结尾的 “encourages patience” 更有依据，但当前版本已完整传递核心信息，此优化为 “锦上添花”，非必需。 2. 调整部分句子的衔接，让逻辑更紧密 例如将 “To learn more, I researched online, read books, and tested their behaviour by blocking their route.” 改为 “To learn more, I first researched online and read books about ant communication, then tested their behaviour by blocking their route with a small stone.”（增加 “first...then...” 和具体细节 “a small stone”），能让 “探究步骤” 更清晰，也让 “tested their behaviour” 的具体方式更具象，但原句已清晰表达 “多途径探究” 的含义，调整后仅为 “细节更丰富”，不影响整体逻辑。 三、总结 这篇短文是 “贴合题目要求、符合学生学情、体现教材理念” 的优秀范文 —— 以身边小事为载体，完整覆盖 “结果 - 过程 - 感悟” 三大要点，语言精准、逻辑清晰，既展现了对 “好奇心” 的深刻理解（从探索到收获），又符合八年级学生的写作能力水平。其 “以小见大” 的选材思路、“行动 + 感悟” 的表达结构，以及 “简洁精准” 的语言风格，都值得借鉴，是一篇实用性与示范性兼具的佳作。 参考答案2： The power of curiosity Curiosity is like a little light in our mind—it makes us notice small questions and want to solve them. I really felt this power last month. I have a small tomato plant on my balcony. One day, I wondered why its leaves turned yellow even though I watered it every day. My curiosity pushed me to act: I first read a science book about plants, then asked my dad (who loves gardening), and finally found out I watered it too much—tomatoes need "dry soil between waterings". I adjusted the watering time, and a week later, the leaves turned green again! This experience taught me that curiosity isn’t just "asking why"—it’s about trying to find answers. Now, when I meet unknown things in class, I always take notes and look for solutions. Curiosity makes my learning more fun and meaningful. 赏析： 一、核心亮点：精准扣题，兼具 “生活化” 与 “思想性” 1. 内容完整，严格呼应题目三大核心要求 文章以 “阳台番茄苗” 为载体，将 “好奇心的结果、满足过程、经验影响” 串联得自然完整，无任何要点遗漏： · “好奇心导致的结果”：从 “日常观察番茄叶发黄” 切入，因 “明明每天浇水却枯萎” 的疑问产生好奇，进而触发 “主动探索” 的行动 —— 没有空谈 “好奇心的重要性”，而是用 “具体问题” 体现好奇心的 “驱动力”，让 “结果”（开启探索）真实可感； · “好奇心如何被满足”：通过 “分步骤解决问题” 展现探索过程 ——“查科学书（理论）→ 问园艺爱好者爸爸（经验）→ 调整浇水方式（实践）”，形成 “理论 - 经验 - 实践” 的完整闭环，既符合上海教材 “探究式学习” 的理念，也让 “满足好奇心” 的过程有细节、有逻辑，而非简单一句 “我找到了答案”； · “吸取的教训或影响”：从 “番茄苗复绿” 的具体经历，提炼出 “好奇心不只是‘问为什么’，更是‘找答案’” 的感悟，并延伸到 “课堂学习”（遇到未知记笔记、找解法），让 “影响” 从 “生活” 自然过渡到 “学习”，体现好奇心对成长的实际价值，升华主题不生硬。 2. 选材巧妙：以 “小场景” 见 “大主题”，代入感极强 作者没有选择 “科学家因好奇发现真理” 这类宏大案例，而是聚焦 “阳台种番茄” 这一初中生熟悉的生活小事 —— 番茄苗、浇水、叶片发黄，都是日常易接触的场景，这种 “以小见大” 的选材有两大优势： · 降低写作难度：无需编造复杂情节，基于真实生活体验即可完成，避免 “假大空”； · 增强共鸣：读者（同龄学生）能轻易联想到自己 “养植物、遇问题” 的经历，更易理解 “好奇心如何推动解决问题”，让 “好奇心的力量” 不再是抽象概念，而是可感知的生活体验。 3. 语言表达：简洁生动，适配年级水平，细节见质感 · 词汇与短语：兼顾 “准确性” 与 “生动性”—— 用 “a little light in our mind”（心中的微光）比喻好奇心，形象且不超纲；“dry soil between waterings”（两次浇水间土壤需干燥）等细节表述，体现对 “植物养护” 的观察细致，让内容更真实；“pushed me to act”“look for solutions” 等短语，精准表达 “行动驱动” 与 “解决问题”，符合上海教材 7-8 年级核心词汇要求； · 句式与衔接：以简单句、并列句为主，用 “—”“:” 等标点符号优化表达（如 “Curiosity is like...—it makes us...”“My curiosity pushed me to act: I first...”），既避免复杂语法增加理解负担，又让句子衔接自然、逻辑清晰； · 情感传递：没有刻意抒情，而是通过 “一周后叶片变绿” 的结果，暗含 “探索成功” 的喜悦；结尾 “makes my learning more fun and meaningful” 则传递出 “好奇心带来积极改变” 的正面态度，情感真挚不刻意。 二、可微优化方向：细节补充，让 “探索感” 更饱满 1. 增加 “探索中的小波折”，让过程更真实 可补充 1 处 “尝试中的小失败”，例如：“At first, I thought it was lack of sunlight, so I moved the pot to the windowsill. But the leaves still turned yellow—this made me more curious and pushed me to check the book.”（起初误以为缺光，移到窗台后仍无效，反而更激发探索欲），这样的细节能体现 “探索并非一帆风顺”，进一步突出 “好奇心驱动坚持” 的力量，也让 “最终找到答案” 的成就感更强。 2. 优化结尾的 “影响延伸”，让逻辑更紧密 当前结尾 “Now, when I meet unknown things in class...” 已很好，但可增加 “与番茄苗经历的关联”，例如：“Now, when I meet unknown things in class—like a difficult math problem—I think of my tomato plant: instead of giving up, I take notes and look for solutions, just like how I found the right way to water it.”（将课堂遇到的难题与 “番茄苗浇水” 的解决思路关联），让 “影响” 的延伸更有依据，而非简单跳转。 三、总结 这篇短文是 “贴合任务、符合学情、充满生活气息” 的优秀范文 —— 它以 “真实生活小事” 为锚点，完整覆盖题目要求，既展现了对 “好奇心” 的深刻理解（从疑问到行动，从实践到成长），又体现了上海新教材 “从生活中学习、在实践中思考” 的核心导向。对八年级学生而言，其 “小场景选材”“分步骤叙事”“真实感悟” 的写作思路，具有极强的可借鉴性，是一篇 “能学、能用、能模仿” 的实用佳作。 【课后作业】 I. Complete their conversation with the correct form of the verbs in the box. 用方框中所给动词的适当形式完成她们的对话。 arrive be buy go stay take travel visit Kitty: I hope to see Joseph at the airport! Linda: Thank you for allowing Joseph (1) ______________________ with your family. He will (2) ______________________ in Beijing on 18 December. He seems (3) ______________________ very excited about the trip. He’ d like (4) ______________________ many places, but you don't have to take him everywhere. He’ ll learn (5) ______________________ by himself. Kitty: I'm very happy to show him around. I want (6) ______________________ to some places too. Linda: Don't forget (7) ______________________ Joseph to Wangfujing Street then. He hopes (8) ______________________ some presents for his friends. 1. to stay 2. arrive 3. to be 4. to visit 5. to travel 6. to go 7. to take 8.to buy II. Complete the sentences with the verbs in the brackets in their proper forms.用括号内动词的适当形式完成下列句子。 1. — What is Sandy doing? — She______________________ (prepare, make) a speech at the party. 2. You can______________________ (choose, sit) in the front of the classroom if you want to see the blackboard clearly. 3. Please______________________ (remember, close) the door when you leave the room. 4. Look! The little girl on TV______________________ (try, wake) her mum up. 1. is preparing to make 2. choose to sit 3. remember to close 4. is trying to wake III. Write complete sentences from the words in the brackets. Use the infinitive and the correct tense. 连词成句。注意使用动词不定式和正确的时态。 1. (Nancy has/ plan/ travel to France/ with her friends/ since last year.) 2. (Ann/ teach/ Mary/ drive/ last year.) 3. (Don't worry! Tomorrow I/ persuade/ my father/ see/a doctor.) 4. (The police/ make/ everyone/ leave the building/ last night.) 5. ( The driver/ let/ the old/ travel on the bus/ without a ticket.) 1. Nancy has planned to travel to France with her friends since last year. 2. Ann taught Mary to drive last year. 3. Don't worry! Tomorrow I will persuade my father to see a doctor. 4. The police made everyone leave the building last night. 5. The driver let the old travel on the bus without a ticket. IV. Read and complete the following tasks.阅读并完成以下任务。 Hi, I'm Nezha! I'm one of the coolest kids in Chinese mythology! I love to cause a little chaos（混乱），（1） ________________ (fight) monsters, and to show off my awesome Wind Fire Wheels. My dream is (2) ________________ (prove)to everyone that I'm not just a troublemaker but a hero who's here to save the day! Every day, I like to train with my weapons, to annoy my parents (just a little), and to eat lots of snacks. I also enjoy challenging anyone who dares to doubt me and to make them (3) ________________ (regret) it! But don't get me wrong-I'm not just about fighting and causing trouble. I want (4) ________________ (protect) my friends, to stand up for the weak, and to show the world that even someone like me can be a hero. So, if you want to be as cool as me， remember to be bold（敢于冒险的），to be brave， and to never let anyone (5) ________________ (tell) you what you can or can't do. And hey, if you ever need someone (6) ________________ (teach)you how to ride flaming wheels or (7) ________________ (take down) a sea monster, you know who to call - Nezha's got your back! 1. to fight 2.to prove 3. regret 4.to protect 5.tell 6.to teach 7.to take down 【to do不定式专项练习】 1．The scientists are trying to find out what makes the atoms in the molecule _______ apart. A．break B．breaking C．to break D．broken 【答案】A 【详解】句意：科学家们正试图找出是什么使分子中的原子分裂。 考查非谓语动词。make…do sth.“使……做某事”，是固定搭配，A项符合。故选A。 2．Can you tell me ________ next? A．how to do B．what to do C．how do it D．what to do it 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你能告诉我接下来做什么吗？ 考查疑问副词和非谓语动词。how to do怎样做，do后缺少宾语；what to do做什么；how do it搭配错误；what to do it搭配错误。根据“Can you tell me...next?”可知，此处表示你能告诉我接下来做什么吗。故选B。 3．People today aren’t afraid ________ the Internet to do things like shopping and paying their bills. A．uses B．use C．using D．to use 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如今人们不害怕使用互联网来做诸如购物和支付账单之类的事情。 考查非谓语动词。根据“aren’t afraid”可知，这里考查“be afraid to do sth.”结构，意为“害怕做某事”。故选D。 4．Happy Camp is very popular. It often makes people ________. A．laugh B．laughing C．to laugh D．laughed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：“快乐大本营”很受欢迎。它经常使人大笑。 考查非谓语动词。根据“It often makes people ...”可知，该句包含句型make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”，填入省略to的动词不定式。故选A。 5．—Have you decided ________, lady?    —Sorry, I haven’t. A．to buy which one B．buy which one C．which to buy one D．which one to buy 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——女士，您决定好买哪一个了吗？——抱歉，我还没有。 考查疑问词 + 动词不定式结构。根据“Have you decided”可知，这里需要“疑问词 + 动词不定式”作宾语，which one为疑问词组，表示“哪一个”。故选D。 6．—I want to know ______ tomorrow. —At the school gate. A．where will meet B．where to meet C．where we to meet D．where meeting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我想知道明天在哪里见面。——在学校门口。   考查“疑问词 + 不定式”结构。分析句子可知，空处作动词know的宾语。“疑问词 + 不定式”结构可以作宾语，其中where是疑问词，to meet是不定式，where to meet 表示“在哪里见面”，符合语法和语境。故选B。 7．—Excuse me, can you tell me how to ________ the stress from the exams? —Of course. You can talk to your parents or teachers. A．reduce B．reducing C．to reduce D．reduced 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我如何减轻考试压力吗？——当然可以。你可以和你的父母或老师谈心。 考查非谓语动词用法。reduce减少，动词原形；reducing减少，动名词；to reduce减少，动词不定式；reduced减少，动词过去式。“how to do sth”是固定短语，表示“如何做某事”。其中“to”是动词不定式符号，后面接动词原形。故选A。 8．There are so many beautiful scarves, I don’t know _________ . A．how to buy B．what to buy C．to choose which one D．which one to buy 【答案】D 【详解】句意：有那么多漂亮的围巾，我不知道买哪一条。 考查宾语从句。how to buy如何购买；what to buy买什么；to choose which one选择哪一个；which one to buy买哪一个。根据“There are so many beautiful scarves…”，可知，此处询问的是，不知道自己该买哪一个。应该用“which one to buy” 表示哪一个，多条围巾中选一条。故选D。 9．The sick boy needs _________ at once. A．to be operated B．to operate C．to operate on D．to be operated on 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这个生病的孩子需要立刻做手术。 考查非谓语动词及被动语态。句中谓语动词为needs，句子主语是sick boy，此处用sb need to do done“某人需要做某事”的结构，指的是“小男孩需要做手术”，故选D。 10．To the parents of these children, the most important thing is ________ make much money but ________ together. A．to not; to get B．not to; getting C．not; to get D．not to; to get 【答案】D 【详解】句意：对这些孩子的父母来说，最重要的不是赚很多钱，而是在一起。 考查非谓语动词。根据“To the parents of these children, the most important thing is...make much money but...together.”可知，此处是not to do...but to do结构，意为“不是做……而是做……”。故选D。 11．Many teenagers are having poor eyesight now, so parents should take action ________ the problem from getting worse. A．to stop B．stopping C．stopped D．stop 【答案】A 【详解】 句意：现在许多青少年视力不好，所以父母应该采取行动阻止问题变得更糟。    考查非谓语动词。根据“so parents should take action…the problem from getting worse.”可知，“采取行动”的目的是“阻止问题变糟”，因此此处需用不定式作目的状语。故选A。 12．We must work hard ______ a better life. A．live B．living C．to living D．to live 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们必须努力工作来过上更好的生活。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，这里已有谓语动词work，所以空处需填入非谓语动词形式。“努力工作”的目的是“过上更好的生活”，动词不定式可作目的状语，其结构为“to + 动词原形”。故选D。 13．________ water, turn off the tap after washing your hands. A．Save B．Saving C．Saved D．To save 【答案】D 【详解】句意：为了节约用水，洗完你的手后关掉水龙头。 考查非谓语动词。Save节约，动词原形；Saving节约，现在分词/动名词形式；Saved节约，过去式/过去分词；To save为了节约，动词不定式。分析句子可知，“turn off the tap after washing your hands”的目的是“节约用水”，故此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故选D。 14．He usually uses his thinking skills ________ the truth. A．find B．to find C．finding D．found 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他通常运用他的思维能力去发现真相。 考查非谓语动词。根据“uses his thinking skills ... the truth”可知，使用思维能力是为了发现真相，用不定式作目的状语。故选B。 15．—Why do they hold the activity? —The purpose (目的) is to ______ for a charity. A．donate money B．raising money C．donating money D．raise money 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——他们为什么要举办活动？——目的是为一个慈善机构筹款。 考查动词短语和非谓语动词。donate money捐款；raise money筹款。根据“The purpose (目的) is to...for a charity.”可知，此处指的是为慈善机构筹款，to后面应使用动词原形，构成不定式结构。故选D。 16．After finishing her homework, Lisa went on ________ some extra math practice, but she delayed ________ her room until the weekend. A．doing; to clean B．doing; cleaning C．to do; cleaning D．to do; to clean 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在完成她的家庭作业之后，丽莎继续做额外的数学练习，但是她把打扫她的房间推迟到了周末。 考查非谓语动词。 第一空，丽莎完成作业后继续做的是额外的数学练习，这里可以理解为继续做另一件事，所以用 go on to do sth. 的结构，即“to do”；第二空，delay后面接动词时要用动名词形式，即“cleaning”，delay doing sth. 表示推迟做某事，所以是“cleaning”。故选C。 17．His father can’t afford ________ such a big house with a swimming pool. A．buy B．buying C．to buy D．bought 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他爸爸买不起这么大的带游泳池的房子。 考查非谓语动词。afford to do sth.“负担得起做某事”，是固定搭配。故选C。 18．Please keep your bank card safe and remember ________ the passwords with anyone. A．share B．to share C．sharing D．not to share 【答案】D 【详解】句意：请保管好银行卡，并记住不要与任何人分享密码。 考查非谓语动词。remember to do记得要做某事；remember doing记住做过某事；remember not to do记住不要做某事。根据“Please keep your bank card safe”可知，要保管好银行卡，故应是记住不要把密码与任何人分享。故选D。 19．Don’t forget ________ off the fans when you leave. A．turn B．turning C．to turn D．to turning 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当你离开时，别忘记关电扇。 考查非谓语动词。forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事；forget doing sth.忘记做过某事。根据“Don’t forget...off the fans when you leave.”可知，这里指离开时别忘记关电扇，动作还未做，应用动词不定式作宾语，故选C。 20．The students plan ______ a first-aid workshop next term. A．hold B．holds C．to hold D．holding 【答案】C 【详解】句意：学生们计划在下个学期举办一个急救工作坊。 考查动词的非谓语形式。hold举行，动词原形；holds举行，动词的单三形式；to hold举行，动词不定式；holding举行，现在分词。根据题意可知，plan to do sth.“计划做某事”，固定短语。故选C。 21．My teacher asked us ________ loudly in the classroom. A．not talk B．not to talk C．talk not D．to not talk 【答案】B 【详解】句意：老师叫我们不要在教室里大声说话。 考查非谓语动词。ask sb (not) to do sth“叫某人（不要）做某事”，故选B。 22．My parents don’t allow me ________ out with my friends on school nights. A．go B．going C．to go D．went 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的父母不允许我在上学日的晚上和朋友们出去。 考查动词不定式。短语allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”，其否定形式为“don’t allow sb. to do sth.”，此处需用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选C。 23．—I tried to make Alice ______ her mind but I found it difficult. —Well, I saw you ______ that when I went past. A．change; do B．to change; doing C．to change; to do D．change; doing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我试图使Alice改变主意，但我觉得很难。——当我走过的时候，我看见你在做那件事。 考查动词形式辨析。change改变，动词原形；to change为了改变，动词不定式；do做，动词原形；doing做，现在分词。第一空：根据“I tried to make Alice...her mind but I found it difficult.”可知，此处考查固定搭配：make sb. do sth.让/使某人做某事，用不带to的动词不定式作宾补；第二空：根据“I saw you...that when I went past.”可知，此处强调我经过的时候看见你正在做Alice的思想工作。see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事，固定结构。故选D。 24．VR technology enables people ________ the game better. A．to enjoy B．enjoy C．enjoying D．enjoyed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：虚拟现实技术能让人们更好地享受游戏。 考查非谓语动词。enable sb. to do sth.表示“使某人能够做某事”，故此处应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选A。 25．Mobile phones can be used to ________ for information, but I’m not used to ________ information on such a small screen. A．search; reading B．searching; reading C．search; read D．searching; read 【答案】A 【详解】句意：手机可以用来搜索信息，但我不习惯在这么小的屏幕上阅读信息。 考查非谓语动词。根据“Mobile phones can be used to...for information,”可知，be used to do sth.表示“被用来做某事”，search for意为 “搜索”，所以第一空应用原形search；根据“but I’m not used to...information on such a small screen.”可知，be used to doing sth.表示“习惯于做某事”，此处表示不习惯在这么小的屏幕上阅读信息，第二空应用reading。故选A。 26．Since both of Judy’s parents are doctors, her ambition is _______ medicine. A．study B．to study C．to studying D．studied 【答案】B 【详解】句意：因为朱迪的父母都是医生，所以她的抱负是去学习医学。 考查非谓语动词。ambition后面应接动词不定式做表语，表示“抱负是去做某事”。故选B。 27．My dream is________ a great architect like leoh Ming Pei. A．being B．to being C．be D．to be 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的梦想是成为像贝聿铭那样伟大的建筑师。 考查动词不定式。句中“is”后接表语，表语动词应用不定式to be，表示“成为”。故选D。 28．In the past, it usually took a week ________ a letter. A．delivering B．deliver C．to deliver D．delivered 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在过去，寄一封信通常需要一周的时间。 考查非谓语。It takes + 时间 + to do sth是固定句型，表示“做某事需要花费多少时间”。故选C。 29．As the school sports meeting is coming, it’s important for us ______ sports more often. A．practise doing B．to practise doing C．to practise to do D．practising doing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：随着学校运动会的临近，对我们来说更经常地练习做运动是很重要的。   考查非谓语动词。“It is + 形容词 + for sb. + to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。短语practise doing sth.“练习做某事”，其后要接动名词形式，故选B。 30．The Mid-Autumn Festival is a good time for Chinese families ________ together. A．getting B．got C．to getting D．to get 【答案】D 【详解】句意：中秋节对中国家庭来说是团聚的好时候。 考查非谓语动词。根据“a good time…to get together”可知，此处用不定式作后置定语修饰time，表示“做某事的时间”。故选D。 【真题演练】 1.（24-25九年级上·上海黄浦·期末）—I don’t really want to go to work today. —Well, you are not allowed ________ whether to go or not. You have to. A．decide B．deciding C．to decide D．decided 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我今天真的不想去上班。——唔，你决定不了是去还是不去。你必须得去。 考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”，固定词组，被动语态的结构为“sb. be allowed to do sth.”，所以C项正确。故选C。 2.（2025·上海静安·一模）Grandparents just called to say that they expected us ________ them very often. A．visit B．visits C．visited D．to visit 【答案】D 【详解】句意：爷爷奶奶刚打电话来说他们希望我们经常去看他们。 考查非谓语动词。expect sb. to do sth.“期待某人做某事”，是固定词组。故选D。 3.（2025·上海松江·一模）Is it necessary for us ________ on clothes before buying them? A．try B．to try C．trying D．tried 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们买衣服之前有必要试穿一下它们吗？ 考查非谓语动词。根据“Is it necessary for us...on clothes”可知，此处是it is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.“某人做某事是……的”，其中it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。故选B。 4.（2025·上海崇明·一模）When Ted was about to open his office door, he realized he had forgotten ________ his key. A．bring B．brought C．to bring D．bringing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当泰德正要打开办公室的门时，他意识到自己忘了带钥匙。 考查非谓语动词。forget doing sth忘记曾做过某事；forget to do sth“忘记去做某事”，符合语境，故此处应用动词不定式作宾语，指忘记带钥匙。故选C。 5.（2025·上海奉贤·一模）Although the conditions are challenging, the team managed ______ the project on time. A．complete B．to complete C．completing D．completed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：尽管条件很有挑战性，但团队还是按时完成了项目。 考查非谓语动词。complete“完成，结束”，动词；根据空前“managed”可知，此处考查manage to do sth.“设法做某事”，固定搭配，因此这里应用动词不定式作宾语。故选B。 6.（2025·上海嘉定·一模）If you are a fan of trains, the National Railway Museum is a great place . A．to visit B．visit C．visiting D．to visiting 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你喜欢火车，国家铁路博物馆是一个值得参观的好地方。 考查非谓语动词。根据“a great place”可知，空处用不定式作后置定语，修饰名词place。故选A。 7.（2025·上海普陀·一模）Our English teacher always encourages us ________ questions in his class. A．ask B．asking C．to ask D．asked 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的英语老师一直鼓励我们在他的课堂上问问题。 考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”，此处应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选C。 8.（2025·上海徐汇·一模）It is getting more difficult ________ tickets for some popular singers’ concerts. A．buy B．buying C．to buy D．bought 【答案】C 【详解】句意：一些流行歌手演唱会的票越来越难买了。 考查非谓语动词。根据“It is getting more difficult … tickets”可知，此处为“It is+adj.+to do”句型，其中It为形式主语，不定式为真正的主语。故选C。 9.（2025·上海普陀·一模）With only a few minutes left, they managed ________ the game around. A．turn B．turning C．to turn D．turned 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在只剩下几分钟的情况下，他们设法扭转了比赛局面。 考查非谓语动词。根据“managed”可知，manage to do sth“设法做成某事”，此处为动词不定式作宾语。故选C。 10.（2025·上海虹口·一模）The Italian organizations have made a plan ________ more tourists to the landmarks. A．attract B．to attract C．attracting D．attracted 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这些意大利组织制定了一项计划，以吸引更多的游客前往这些地标。 考查非谓语动词。attract“吸引”，made a plan“做计划”的目的是为了“吸引更多的游客”，所以用不定式作目的状语。故选B。 11.（2025·上海杨浦·一模）The police reminded the public ________ out for pickpockets in crowded areas. A．look B．looked C．to look D．looking 【答案】C 【详解】句意：警察提醒公众在拥挤地区要留意扒手。 考查非谓语动词。根据“The police reminded the public...”可知，remind sb. to do sth.“提醒某人做某事”，这里to look out for...作宾语the public的补足语。故选C。 12.（2025·上海青浦·一模）The police officer warned the children not ________ near the busy road. A．play B．to play C．played D．playing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：警官警告孩子们不要在繁忙的道路附近玩耍。 考查非谓语动词。warn sb not to do sth“警告某人不要做某事”，故选B。 13.（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期末）According to my parents, doing chores enables me ________ the family responsibility better. A．understand B．to understand C．understanding D．understood 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在我父母看来，做家务能让我更好地理解家庭责任。 考查非谓语动词。考查enable sb to do sth.“使某人能做某事”，所以填动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选B。 14.（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期末）His sister made him ________ all the chores without lifting a finger to help. A．does B．do C．did D．doing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他姐姐让他做所有的家务，自己却没有伸手帮忙。 考查非谓语动词。根据“made him”可知，此处考查make sb do sth“让某人做某事”，所以填动词原形do作宾补。故选B。 15.（2025·上海宝山·一模）Reading brings me a lot of fun and enables me ________ the world deeply. A．understand B．to understand C．understood D．understanding 【答案】B 【详解】句意：阅读给我带来了很多乐趣，使我能够深入了解世界。 考查非谓语动词。enable sb. to do sth.“使某人能够做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选B。 1 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $